LESSON 5 – SPEECH OF PRESIDENT CORAZON C.

AQUINO BEFORE THE JOINT

SESSION OF THE U.S. CONGRESS, SEPTEMBER 18, 1986

VALUE/THRUSTS INTEGRATION
Diplomacy and amity

INTRODUCTION:
Corazon C. Aquino is known as the symbol of restoring democracy and
overthrowing Ferdinand E. Marcos dictatorship in 1986. She was installed as the 11th and
the 1st woman president of the country after EDSA Revolution.
On September 18, 1986, she delivered a speech before the joint session of United
States Congress at the US Capitol, Washington D.C., U.S.A.

INTENDED OUTCOME/LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:
1. Analyze the historical context and perspective of the document;
2. Examine the content of the document;
3. Relate the speech to the country’s current socio-economic-political condition
today.

STIMULATING LEARNING (Motivation)

1. Who is Corazon “Cory” Aquino? What she was known for? How Cory Aquino
became president of the Philippines?
2. Do you have an idea about what EDSA (1) Revolution was? Is EDSA (1)
Revolution a significant event in Philippine history?
INCULCATING CONCEPTS (Input/Lesson Proper)
NARRATIVES
The downfall of the dictatorial regime President Marcos began with the
assassination of his political rival, former Senator Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino Jr. on August
21, 1983 when he returned back after exile in the United States. The death of Ninoy
causes series of events that destabilized the Marcos Administration that pushed him to
hold a snap election.
The Marcos-Tolentino contender was the widow of Ninoy Aquino, who was Cory
Aquino together with Salvador Laurel. However, the snap election was fraudulent wherein
Marcos and Tolentino won in the election as declared by the Batasang Pambansa.
As a result, anti-Marcos groups continue to protests. But on February 22, 1986
Marcos Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile and Vice-Chief of Staff announced their
defection from the Marcos government which led to a four-day people power revolution
where civilians faced tanks and soldiers to protect the soldiers who defied Marcos regime.
The People Power revolution installed Cory as the 11th and the 1st woman
president of the Republic of the Philippines. Subsequently, on September 18, 1986, Cory
Aquino went on a State visit to the United States where she spoke before the U.S.
Congress to ask for financial aid to the Philippines conferred with, by President Ronald
Reagan. Finally, the nine-day visit was deemed a success, for she was able to convince
some U.S. businessmen to invest and US Congress to aid financial assistance.
LESSON 6 – RAIDERS OF THE SULU SEA

VALUE/THRUSTS INTEGRATION
Patriotism and valuing culture

INTRODUCTION:
Throughout the three and half centuries of conflicts between the Spaniards and
the Muslims of Southern Philippines, maritime raiding played a key role not only for
accumulating wealth and slaves but also a means of warfare and an anti-colonial warfare.
The Spaniards established their colony on the southern tip of Mindanao in
Zamboanga and constructed a fortress as their base, the Fort Pilar. The fort has a 10
meter high wall fortification around which was the base of the Spaniards for their trade.
Zamboanga is very close to Basilan, Tawi-tawi and Sulu groups of islands, and
Maguindanao.
The three tribes were known as Balangingi-Samal, Ilanuns and the Taosugs of the
Sultanate of Sulu who were excellent warriors. The three tribes are not really pirates
during the time, they were plying their trade of capturing people and selling them as
slaves.

INTENDED OUTCOME/LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:
1. Examine the context and perspective of the document;
2. Identify facilities used by the Muslim groups on their raiding and slave trading
activity;
3. Examine the importance of the Muslim raiding groups in the context of Philippine
history.

STIMULATING LEARNING (Motivation)

1. Have you viewed the movie, “Raiders of Sulu?”
2. What the movie is all about?
3. Who are the raiders of Sulu? Are they really pirates?
INCULCATING CONCEPTS (Input/Lesson Proper)

NARRATIVES
“Raiders of the Sulu Sea” is a historiography a Documentary film focusing on
Zamboanga City depicting how the Spaniards defended the city with the Fort Pilar as
Spain’s last stronghold and bastion of defense and economic expansion in the South of
the Philippines. It depicts the Southeast Asian flourishing free trading in the area and the
adverse effects and repercussions when Europeans such as the English, Dutch, and
Spanish who wanted to control the economy as well as to colonize and Christianize.

CONTENT:
The Spanish established their colony on the southern tip of Mindanao in
Zamboanga. Fort Pilar was constructed with ten (10) meter-high wall fortification all
around. This was the base of the Spaniards to facilitate their trade. Zamboanga is very
close to Basilan, the Tawi-tawi and Sulu group of islands and the Maguindanao area
where there were three different tribes of seafaring Filipino. The three tribes were known
as Balangingi-Samal, Ilanuns and Sultanate of Sulu, all which were employing Taosugs
who were excellent warriors (https://www.Zamboanga.com).
The three tribes are not really pirates during the times they were plying their trade
of capturing people and selling them as slaves. Slave trading was a business then and
they were not raiding ships in high seas. What they did was go and land in different shores
posing as fishermen (Ibid).
Without any warning, draw their 1-meter long swords and take as many slaves as
they can. Once captured, the slaves’ palms are punctured and tied to each other. The
slaves are loaded in their 25-27 meter by 6 meter boats that has 30-34 oarsmen and sails.
It was said that their boats are the fastest that Spanish Galleons could not even chase.
The history documentary was actually focusing on how the trines were able to
organize a flotilla of a hundred ships or more with more than 3,000 men. This happened
when the three tribes connived to raid Fort Pilar. The Spanish were stricken with fear
when they see the number of boats and the army they were to face. How were the
hundred or more boats gathered? Well, the three tribes have some sort of a pact on how
to go about their business and employing Taosugs as their warriors.
One tribe could set out to sea with a few boats then drop-by each of the several
bases of the tribes along the shores. They would call all the available seafarers to join the
expedition. As they go along, their numbers grow.
The slavery trade of the three tribes ended only when the Spaniards ordered three
steamboats from England. The steamboats were faster, easier to navigate and have
various armaments to take on the tribes. Spaniards were now able to chase and follow
the boats to their bases and conduct raids. It was aid that the conflict between the tribes
and the Spaniards did not stem from business or trade but was more on belief, religious
beliefs.
THREE MUSLIM TRIBES
1. Samal Balangingi- is a distinct ethno-linguistic group dispersed throughout the
greater Sulu Archipelago and southern and western coastal regions of
Zamboanga, Peninsula in Mindanao.
2. Illanun- are Moro ethnic group native to Mindanao, Philippines, and the west coast
of Sabah. Also called “Iranun” which means Maranao people or “people of the lake.
3. Tausug- is a combination of tau (person) and suug (). They are the dominant tribe
in Sulu archipelago because of their political and religious institutions.

MARITIME VESSELS
1. Lanong- large outrigger warships used by the
Iranun and the Banguingui people specialized for
naval battles. It is prominently used for piracy and
slave raids from the mid-18th century to the early
19th century in most of Southeast Asia.

2. Garay- traditional native warships of the

Banguingui people in the Philippines. Used for piracy
by the Banguingui and Iranun people against
unarmed trading ships and raids on coastal
settlements in the regions surrounding the Sulu Sea.
3. Salisipan- auxiliary vessels usually part of fleets with larger motherships like
pangajava, garay, or lanong warships. Among Malays, this type of boat is used as a
boat of war or passenger boat

TOOLS OF WAR
1. Moro Kris- weapon of warfare and ceremony.
This are not only carried by slave raiders into
battles but also by nobles and high ranking officials
of the Southern Sultanate. Double edged with
either smooth or wavy blades.

2. Kampilan- longest sword, used by the Ilanuns.

Heavy single edged sword often adorned with hair to make it look even intimidating.

3. Barong- deadly weapon sword used by the

Taosug warriors with single-edged leaf blade made
of thick tempered steel.

4. Kalis - Used by nobles and high ranking

Sultanates; 2.2 in length