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SYNTAX 2 (Lynn Berk) Key To Exercises - Week 7

This document contains the key and explanations for exercises in Syntax 2. It addresses topics such as progressive and perfect constructions, stative and dynamic verbs, auxiliaries, particles, the passive voice, and other grammatical concepts. The exercises analyze verb types, grammatical constructions, and whether sentences are grammatically correct or not.

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36 views2 pages

SYNTAX 2 (Lynn Berk) Key To Exercises - Week 7

This document contains the key and explanations for exercises in Syntax 2. It addresses topics such as progressive and perfect constructions, stative and dynamic verbs, auxiliaries, particles, the passive voice, and other grammatical concepts. The exercises analyze verb types, grammatical constructions, and whether sentences are grammatically correct or not.

Uploaded by

Dush
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SYNTAX 2 (Lynn Berk)

Key to exercises – Week 7

Exercise 1

1. progressive and perfect; auxiliary verbs and inflectional suffixes

2. punctual verbs: blink, cough, knock etc

3. dynamic; repeated activity

4. In which they are mentioned, temporally

5. progressive or stative (Liz looked outside. The sun was shining/it was sunny)

6. unaffected 7. Adverse (but not always): He got mugged.

8. primary auxiliaries 9. Lexical verbs

10. Verb particles; phrasal verbs

11. The genitive is marked both inflectionally and periphrastically

12. Movable particle

Exercise 2

Progressive – periphrastic: auxiliary be + ing (past participle) of the lexical verb

Perfect – periphrastic: auxiliary have + ed (past participle) of the lexical verb

Exercise 3

Because sates by nature states are ongoing (no change is involved) so they do not require
additional grammatical information/marking.

Exercise 4

Present event/satte that began in the past (She has lived here since/for …)

Current relevance (He has cut his finger)

Recent past (I’ve just arrived)

Experiential (I have eaten snails once)

1
Exercise 5

The agent in the subject position is demoted to the periphery of the clause (adjunct position)
and the empty subject position is occupied by the second participant- patient which was in the
DO position.

Exercise 6

1. Wrong: mental verbs and verbs of emotion are states

2. Right: think here is a mental activity a person is engaged in not a state.

3. Wrong: think here is a state (expresses opinion).

4. Right: change of state copula

5. Wrong: have is a state, a long-term/permanent condition

6. Wrong: have is a permanent state

7. Right: copula expressing a temporary state

8. Wrong: copula expressing a relatively permanent state does not occur in the progressive

Exercise 7

Not all transitive verbs can passivize, especially states (verbs of possession, perception,
emotion)

Exercise 8

The agent is omitted because it is irrelevant, or unknown or generic (people).

Exercise 9

perfect + progressive + passive (I’ve been getting burglarized every month)

Exercise 10

These shirts iron well (meaning that they can be ironed well)

This in an active sentence with a transitive verb. The subject is the patient affected by the
activity of the human agent who is removed from the construction.

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