Executive Summary

The objective of the lab is to conduct an experiment to find the mechanical properties of the
various test materials. To accomplish the objective, each sample was measured, and the
length, overall length and diameter was measured and recorded. It was then fitted into the
torque test machine and tested. The torque and angle of twist was recorded for each sample
and a graph of Torque vs Angle of twist was plotted for each. The yield point was determined
from the graph of each sample, the polar moment of inertia and the shear stress were also
calculated. From the graphs it was seen that TR1010-MT15 was the most ductile as it extends
the most whereas TR1050-MTCI was the most brittle because it suddenly fractures. The
carbon content of iron samples affected the result of the experiment because while carbon
content may increase hardness and strength it also increases brittleness. A source of error
where the increments fluctuated for the angle of twist and a precaution was that the Vernier
caliper was zeroed before use.
Results and Calculations

Table 1: DIFFERENT MEASUREMENT OF EACH SAMPLE TAKEN

Material Overall Length/mm Internal Length/mm Diameter/mm
TR1040-MTX 144.02 78.03 5.86
TR1020-MT40N 143.05 72.27 5.83
TR1050-MTCI 143.04 73.95 6.02
TR1010-MT15 143.02 76.28 5.83

Table 2: THE ANGLE OF TWIST AND TORQUE OF TR1040-MTX

TR1040-MTX TR1040-MTX
Angle (Degrees) Torque (Nm) Angle (Degrees) Torque (Nm)
/(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01)
1.01 0.46 90.33 13.34
2.00 0.99 100.01 13.37
3.00 1.75 110.00 13.55
4.02 2.57 120.05 13.64
5.02 3.42 130.05 13.74
6.02 4.27 140.01 13.85
7.02 5.13 150.02 13.98
8.02 5.98 160.05 13.99
9.03 6.79 180.83 14.09
10.00 7.50 200.18 14.24
15.12 9.84 220.07 14.44
20.00 10.94 240.07 14.59
25.09 11.52 260.11 14.76
30.01 11.89 280.05 14.86
35.12 12.14 300.10 14.99
40.00 12.38 320.35 15.01
45.01 12.51 340.01 15.19
50.00 12.69 360.10 15.32
55.11 12.74 460.52 15.72
60.00 12.83 560.17 16.17
70.08 12.99 660.37 16.41
80.06 13.19

Table 3: THE ANGLE OF TWIST AND TORQUE OF TR1020-MT40

TR1020-MT40 TR1020-MT40
Angles (Degrees) Torque (Nm) Angles (Degrees) Torque (Nm)
/(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01)
1.01 0.86 90.22 26.22
2.01 2.14 100.12 26.21
3.02 3.69 110.03 26.30
4.03 5.35 120.02 26.21
 5.01 6.96 130.00 26.26
6.02 8.62 140.12 26.33
7.02 10.26 150.01 26.49
8.02 11.81 160.02 26.42
9.18 13.37 180.07 26.42
10.00 14.58 200.07 26.52
15.02 19.41 220/00 26.54
20.01 21.97 240.16 26.58
25.01 23.28 260.00 26.62
30.00 24.03 280.02 26.69
35.06 24.73 300.12 26.72
40.02 25.12 320.02 26.78
45.02 25.42 340.11 26.77
50.07 25.69 360.02 26.79
55.07 25.78 460.07 26.80
60.08 25.94 560.08 27.15
70.05 26.06 660.20 27.21
80.03 26.10 760.02 27.25

Table 4: THE ANGLE OF TWIST AND TORQUE OF TR1050-MTCI

TR1050-MTCI TR1050-MTCI
Angle (Degrees) Torque (Nm) Angles (Degrees) Torque (Nm)
/(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01)
1.04 0.64 9.03 8.78
2.06 1.64 10.02 9.51
3.01 2.74 15.02 12.14
4.01 3.88 20.03 13.63
5.01 4.96 25.02 14.61
6.03 6.05 30.57 15.32
7.04 7.06 35.02 15.94
8.01 7.93 40.03 16.61

Table 5: THE ANGLE OF TWIST AND TORQUE OF TR1010-MT15

TR1010-MT15 TR1010-MT15
Angles (Degrees) Torque Angles (Degrees) Torque (Nm)
/(±0.01) (Nm)/(±0.01) /(±0.01) /(±0.01)
1.02 0.96 130.05 21.25
2.01 2.39 140.34 20.96
3.04 4.03 150.06 21.28
4.03 5.70 160.00 21.21
5.00 7.20 180.00 21.14
6.01 9.17 200.03 21.13
7.00 10.92 220.17 21.33
8.03 12.68 240.04 21.05
9.01 14.14 260.01 20.92
10.05 15.35 280.04 20.80
 15.01 18.25 300.03 21.01
20.01 19.31 320.38 20.92
25.01 19.71 340.01 20.89
30.17 19.94 360.02 20.91
35.01 20.14 460.02 20.99
40.07 20.35 560.00 20.90
45.01 20.39 660.27 20.91
50.81 20.38 760.10 20.97
55.16 20.62 860.00 20.78
60.00 20.71 960.02 20.91
70.02 20.90 1060.02 20.87
80.02 21.01 1160.02 21.00
90.00 21.15 1260.06 21.02
100.02 21.15 1360.07 20.92
110.00 21.15 1460.02 20.96
120.01 21.22
 Torque vs Angle of twist for TR-1040
18
16
14
12
10 Yield Point
Torque

8
6
4
GRAPH 1:
2
TORQUE VS
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 ANGLE OF
Angle of twist TWUST FOR
TR1040-MTX

Torque vs Angle of twist for TR-1020

30

25

20 Yield Point
Torque

15

10

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Angle of twist

GRAPH 2: TORQUE VS ANGLE OF TWUST FOR TR1020-MT40

 Torque vs Angle of twist for TR-1050 GRAPH 3:
18 TORQUE VS
16 ANGLE OF
14 TWUST FOR
12 Yield Point TR1050-MTCI
10
Torque

8
6
4
2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Angle of twist

Torque vs Angle of twist for TR-1010

25

20

Yield Point
15
Torque

10

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Angle of twist

GRAPH 4: TORQUE VS ANGLE OF TWUST FOR TR1010-MT15

Table 6: YIELD POINT OF EACH SAMPLE

Material Yield Point (Nm)
TR1040-MTX 12.14
TR1020-MT40N 25.12
TR1050-MTCI 9.51
TR1010-MT15 20.38
 4
πD
Using: J=
32
π 0.005864
For TR-1040: J=
32
J = 1.158 x 10-10m4

π 0.005834
For TR-1020: J=
32
J = 1.134 x 10-10m4

4
π 0.00602
For TR-1050: J=
32
J = 1.289 x 10-10m4

π 0.005834
For TR-1010: J=
32
J = 1.134 x 10-10m4

Table 7: POLAR MOMENT OF INERTIA FOR EACH SAMPLE

Material Polar moment of inertia(m4)
TR1040-MTX 1.158 x 10-10
TR1020-MT40N 1.134 x 10-10
TR1050-MTCI 1.289 x 10-10
TR1010-MT15 1.134 x 10-10

TD
Using: τ =
2J
12.14 (0.00586)
For TR1040-MTX:τ =
2(1.158 E−10)
τ = 3.072 x 108 Nm-2

25.12(0.00583)
For TR1020-MT40N:τ =
2(1.134 E−10)
τ = 6.457 x 108 Nm-2
 9.51(0.00602)
For TR1050-MTCI:τ =
2(1.289 E−10)
τ = 2.221 x 108 Nm-2

20.38(0.00583)
For TR1010-MT15:τ =
2(1.134 E−10)
τ = 5.239 x 108 Nm-2

TABLE 8: SHEAR STRESS OF EACH SAMPLE

Material Shear Stress (Nm-2)
TR1040-MTX 3.072 x 108
TR1020-MT40N 6.457 x 108
TR1050-MTCI 2.221 x 108
TR1010-MT15 5.239 x 108