Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.: H S & So Management Drilling and Well Intervention

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.
H2S & SO2 Management

Drilling and Well Intervention
Document ID SP-1190-2
Document Type Specification
Security Unrestricted
Discipline Technical Safety Engineering
Owner MSE/4 – CFDH Technical Safety Engineering
Issue Date September 2020
Version 6.0
This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor any part of this
document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any
means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise) without prior written consent of the owner.
Version: 6.0
Petroleum Development Oman LLC
Effective: Sep 20
This page was intentionally left blank
Page 2 SP-1190-2 H2S & SO2 Management – Drilling & Well Intervention Printed 18/08/21
The controlled version of this CMF Document resides online in Livelink®. Printed copies are UNCONTROLLED.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
i Document Authorisation
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
ii Revision History
This is SP-1190-2, Version 6. The following is a brief summary of the 2 most recent revisions to this
document.
Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

6.0 Sep-20 Lesley Tallentire, Main updates - to include information on the following:
MSE47 • Appendix 4 – F&G Locations
• Appendix 5 – SIMOPS SOP
5.0 Feb-20 Lesley Tallentire, Updated to follow SP-1190 series on H2S
MSE47 Management and to:
• Establish a classification for wells, when
persons are present, and provide appropriate
controls,
• Removal of procedural aspects from SPs,
• Withdrawal of SP-1219
iii Extent of Business Impact

The below illustration indicates the extent of impact of this business control document on PDO business:
SP-1190-2
HSE
5
4
3
2
Political Operational
1
0
Economical/Commer
People-related
cial
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
iv CMF Impacted documents

The related CMF Documents can be retrieved from the Corporate Business Control Documentation
Register CMF. The directly impacted CMF documents which require review to comply with this update to
SP-1190-2 are noted below.
Directly Impacted CMF Document Links

Code CMF Document
SP-1219 Well Engineering Hydrogen Sulphide Specification
(withdrawn & incorporated within SP-1190 –2)
SP-1220 Concurrent Operations
SP-1234 HSE Specification – Personal Protective Equipment
SP-1190-5 H2S & SO2 Management, H2S Respiratory Protective Equipment & Training
SP-1258 Quantified Risk Assessment & Physical Effects Modelling
PR-1078 Hydrogen Sulphide Management Procedure
PR-1080 Well Testing, Scheduling, Sampling and Validation
GU-576 Well Control Contingency Plan
v Standard Development and Timescale

The SP-1190 series standardises the approach taken to H2S and SO2 management within the company,
across the assets and directorates. This document SP-1190-2, fits into the structure as noted below:
1190- 1 The Basics, Classification and Sour Contracts

1190-2 Drilling and Well Intervention
1190-3 Engineering Design
1190-4 Operations
1190-5 H2S PPE and Training
This document replaces SP-1219, Well Engineering Hydrogen Sulphide Specification which is now
withdrawn. This SP-1190-2 has been established in line with PDO management drive to simplify and
remove procedural aspects from Specifications (SPs).
It is recognised that implementation of this standard will require changes to the current wells activities. Full
implementation of the requirements of this standard shall be demonstrable within 6 months from the Issue
Date.
In accordance with Section 3, the following sections of this document apply based on the assigned Drilling
and Well Intervention (DWI) Classification.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Drilling and Well Intervention H2S Sections

(DWI) Classification
DWI-1 3, 5
DWI-2 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
DWI-3 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
Summary requirements for Planning and Execute Stages are provided in Section 12.
vi Deviations
Deviations from this specification shall be approved via the eMOC tool, the Wells Directorate document
approvers will act as support in the eMOC sign off.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i Document Authorisation......................................................................................................................... 3
ii Revision History ..................................................................................................................................... 4
iii Extent of Business Impact ..................................................................................................................... 4
iv CMF Impacted documents ..................................................................................................................... 5
v Standard Development and Timescale.................................................................................................. 5
vi Deviations .............................................................................................................................................. 6
1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 10
1.1 Purpose .......................................................................................................................................... 10
1.2 General Definitions ......................................................................................................................... 10
1.2.1 Glossary ....................................................................................................................... 10
1.2.2 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ 12
2 Background - H2S Facilities and Classification for Producing Wells ................................................... 13
2.1 Facility and Operating Phase Wells, H2S Classification Definitions – Sweet, Sour, Critical Sour . 13
3 Drilling and Well Intervention (DWI) H2S Classification ....................................................................... 14
3.1 The DWI H2S Classifications for Drilling and Well Intervention ..................................................... 15
3.2 General Information ....................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.1 Well Panning Tool (WPT) Required Data .................................................................... 16
3.2.2 Well Services Activity Manager (WSAM) Required Data ............................................. 16
3.3 Sampling Requirements for Wells .................................................................................................. 17
4 Managing the H2S Risk for Wells Activities to ALARP ........................................................................ 18
4.1 Non-Routine Activities on Wells where H2S is present ................................................................. 18
5 DWI- 1 - Site Requirements ................................................................................................................. 19
5.1 DWI-1 H2S Training, Site Induction and Visitors ............................................................................ 19
5.2 DWI-1 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) ....................................................................................... 19
5.3 DWI-1 Respiratory Protective Equipment for Rescue .................................................................... 19
5.4 DWI-1 Gas Detection ..................................................................................................................... 19
5.5 DWI-1 Emergency Response ........................................................................................................ 19
5.6 DWI-1 General ............................................................................................................................... 20
6 DWI-2 - Site Requirements .................................................................................................................. 21
6.1 DWI-2 H2S Training and Site Induction .......................................................................................... 21
6.2 DWI-2 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) ....................................................................................... 21
6.3 DWI-2 Ignition System ................................................................................................................... 21
6.4 Managing Numbers of Personnel at Site (POB) ............................................................................ 22
6.5 DWI-2 Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements .................................................... 22
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Effective: Sep 20
6.5.1 Escape RPE ................................................................................................................. 22

6.5.2 Rescue RPE ................................................................................................................. 22
6.5.3 Cascade Air Systems ................................................................................................... 22
6.6 DWI-2 Gas detection ...................................................................................................................... 23
6.6.1 Fixed / Portable Detection ............................................................................................ 23
6.6.2 Personal Detection ....................................................................................................... 23
6.7 DWI-2 Emergency Response Plan ................................................................................................ 23
6.8 DWI-2 General Requirements ........................................................................................................ 23
7 DWI-3 Well Site Requirements ............................................................................................................ 25
7.1 DWI-3 H2S Training and Site Induction .......................................................................................... 25
7.2 DWI-3 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) & Maximum Evacuation Distance ................................. 25
7.3 DWI-3 Ignition System ................................................................................................................... 26
7.4 Managing Numbers of Personnel at Site (POB) ............................................................................ 26
7.5 DWI-3 Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements .................................................... 26
7.5.1 Escape RPE ................................................................................................................. 26
7.5.2 Rescue RPE ................................................................................................................. 26
7.5.3 Cascade Air Systems ................................................................................................... 27
7.6 DWI-3 H2S / SO2 Gas Detection .................................................................................................... 27
7.6.1 Fixed / Portable Detection ............................................................................................ 27
7.6.2 Personal Detection ....................................................................................................... 28
7.7 DWI-3 Emergency Response Plan ................................................................................................ 28
7.7.1 Emergency Response Plan .......................................................................................... 28
7.7.2 Maximum (Critical) Evacuation Distances .................................................................... 28
7.8 DWI-3 General Issues .................................................................................................................... 30
8 Equipment Selection & Design for H2S Wells – Preventing Events .................................................... 31
8.1 Planning ......................................................................................................................................... 31
8.2 Material Selection ........................................................................................................................... 31
8.3 H2S Inhibitors / Scavengers – PR-1047 & SP-2193 ...................................................................... 31
8.4 Well Equipment & Tubulars ........................................................................................................... 31
8.5 Well Test Flare or Vent Stack (pit) location .................................................................................... 31
8.6 Rig Poorboy degasser vent line ..................................................................................................... 32
8.7 Separator Relief Valve vent line ..................................................................................................... 32
9 Wells H2S design – Recovering from Events ...................................................................................... 33
9.1 Gas Detection ................................................................................................................................ 33
9.2 H2S Beacons and Alarms ............................................................................................................... 33
9.3 Cascade System Requirements .................................................................................................... 33
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9.4 Different types of portable RPE ..................................................................................................... 34

9.4.1 Supplied Air for Rescue................................................................................................ 34
9.4.2 Working in an H2S contaminated Environment ............................................................ 34
9.4.3 Supplied Air for Escape ................................................................................................ 34
9.4.4 Filter Hoods for Escape ................................................................................................ 34
10 SIMOPS Controls ........................................................................................................................... 35
10.1 H2S SIMOPS Requirements......................................................................................... 35
10.2 H2S SIMOPS Documentation ....................................................................................... 35
11 Well Flaring Zoning for Sour & Critical Sour Facilities ................................................................... 36
11.1 Well Flaring Zoning Working Requirements ................................................................. 36
11.1.1 Well Flaring – Total Exclusion Zone (TEZ) Signboards ............................................... 38
12 Appendix 1 Summary Requirements and Assurance .................................................................... 39
12.1 Assurance Summary .................................................................................................... 40
13 Appendix 2 SIMOPS Checklist ...................................................................................................... 44
14 Appendix 3 Cascade Locations ..................................................................................................... 47
15 Appendix 4 Fire & Gas System Locations ..................................................................................... 49
15.1 General F&G Requirements ......................................................................................... 50
15.2 Drilling Rig F & G Requirements .................................................................................. 51
15.3 Hoist F & G Requirements ........................................................................................... 54
15.4 Hydraulic Work Over Unit (HWOU) F & G Requirements ............................................ 56
15.5 Slick Line / E-Line / Flow Back Loop F & G Requirements .......................................... 58
15.6 Hydraulic Fracturing / CTU & Stimulation / Concentric CT & Pumping Unit / Welltest F
& G Requirements ................................................................................................................................... 60
16 Appendix 5 SIMOPS SOP.............................................................................................................. 62
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
This document, SP-1190-2, is aimed at the management of PDO wells which contain H2S from exploration
drilling to well abandonment, during the period when a drilling rig or a well intervention activity is
taking place.
It is not the intention of this document to address steady state production. For Steady State
Production see SP-1190-1 – H2S & SO2 Management – The Basics, Classification and Sour Contracts.
This specification details the steps that are required to assess and manage the risks associated with H 2S
and SO2 by classifying the wells for Drilling and Well Intervention in order to reduce risks to be As Low As
Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).
1.2 General Definitions

The lower-case word shall indicates a mandatory requirement.
The word should indicates a recommendation.
1.2.1 Glossary
Key terminology is identified within SP-1190-1 and also in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1 Key Terminology
Term Explanation
Critical Sour Facility See 1190-1
Sour Facility See 1190-1
Sweet Facility See 1190-1
Wells H2S The classification given to wells when any drilling or well intervention activity is
Classification being conducted. This is implemented to protect Drilling and CWI personnel
(DWI-X) from the hazards associated with H2S and / or SO2.
Emergency The Emergency Planning Zone is an area where given a worst case release
Planning Zone there may be levels of H2S present in the air ≥ 100ppm. It is calculated by
assuming a blowout of the well, or full bore leak from associated equipment and
dispersed taking account of the ‘averaged’ results over a variety of Oman
weather conditions. The EPZ is in place to inform persons in the area of the
potential hazards, to recognise and minimise the consequences of an H2S event
and to allow PDO to manage the risks to As Low As Reasonably Practicable
(ALARP). Full details of sizing in SP-1190-3, and entry requirements within SP-
1190-4.
Production EPZ – Calculated with Absolute Open Flow Potential (AOFP)

blowout during production (using completion tubing internal diameter for
release).
Drilling EPZ – Calculated with AOFP blowout during drilling (using casing
internal diameter for release).
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Term Explanation
Maximum This is the distance calculated using the EPZ tool (SP-1258), assuming blowout
Evacuation Distance and dispersed with worst case Oman weather conditions. It is the maximum
distance to which evacuation could potentially be required. It is noted in the
WPT, WSAM and shall be applied as per GU-576.
3rd Party Non- Persons who are not perceived to benefit directly from PDO operations.
Associated Persons Typically, this would be persons associated with government buildings, local
communities, schools, Izba etc.
Respiratory Respiratory Protective Equipment is the collective term for equipment which
Protective provides a defined protection level to personnel from contamination of the
Equipment (RPE) external environment. The protection level is dependent upon the RPE selected
and shall be provided in compliance with SP-1190-5.
SIMOPS Zones A SIMOPS Zone is an area where 2 or more activities (e.g. production and
drilling) are undertaken simultaneously, under different control systems in
overlapping spheres of influence or hazard zones.
See 1190-1 and SP-1220 Concurrent Operations.
See Section 13, Appendix 2 for SIMOPS Checklist
Vulnerable Targets Vulnerable targets include, but are not limited to: public roads, workers camps,
local communities, villages, farms etc. (3rd Party Non-Associated Persons are
a subset of Vulnerable Targets)
Well Flaring Zoning Well Flaring Zones are areas around a well flare / pit, where controls are put in
place to limit potential exposures to SO2, or H2S in the event of flare out.
These controlled zones are Total Exclusion Zone (TEZ) and Special
Precautions Zone (SPZ) see Section 11.
Working Area The term working area, as used in this document shall cover the area commonly
referred to as the well site. It includes internal areas, such as offices.
Well Intervention Within this document the term Well Intervention, includes Workover / Well
Intervention / Standalone / Wireline / Coiled Tubing
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
1.2.2 Abbreviations
ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable PCAP Process Control Assurance Plan
AOFP Absolute Open Flow Potential PEM Physical Effects Modelling
AWOP Abandon the Well On Paper POB Personnel On Board
CCC Check Comply Confirm PTW Permit To Work
CITHP Closed In Tubing Head Pressure PVT Pressure Volume Temperature
CT Coiled Tubing QRA Quantified Risk Assessment
CWI Completion Well Intervention RAM Risk Assessment Matrix
DSV Drilling Supervisor RPE Respiratory Protective Equipment
DWOP Drill the Well on Paper SCBA Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
DWI Drilling and Well Intervention SIMOPS Simultaneous Operations
EPZ Emergency Planning Zone SPZ Special Precautions Zone
ER Emergency Response TEZ Total Exclusion Zone
F&G Fire & Gas TRIC Toolbox talk Risk Identification Card
GOR Gas Oil Ratio WPT Well Planning Tool
HAZOP Hazard and Operability Study WSAM Well Services Activity Manager
HEMP Hazards & Effects Management WTU Well Test Unit
Process
HWOU Hydraulic Work Over Unit WWOP Workover the Well On Paper
MED Maximum Evacuation Distance
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
2 Background - H2S Facilities and Classification for Producing Wells

Hydrocarbon facilities such as gathering and production stations are given a classification based on H2S
levels at that facility.
The same classification also applies for producing wells. The classification has an impact on many of the
design decisions, and also the operational controls required for normal production. It also has a significant
impact on well drilling and intervention.
2.1 Facility and Operating Phase Wells, H2S Classification Definitions – Sweet,
Sour, Critical Sour
Hydrocarbon Facilities and Operating Phase Wells within the PDO Concession Area are defined as the
following based on H2S Concentrations as per SP-1190-1:
− Sweet, (<100ppm)
− Sour, (≥100ppm, and <5 bar(a) Partial Pressure)
− Critical Sour (> 5 bar(a) Partial Pressure)
Refer to SP-1190-1 for further details on H2S classification for on plot facilities, pipelines and producing
wells.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
3 Drilling and Well Intervention (DWI) H2S Classification

There are different H2S Classifications for:
• Operate / Production Phase Wells (SP-1190-1)
• Drilling and Well Intervention Activities (this SP-1190-2)
The boundary between Sour and Critical Sour for Operating Facilities is 5 bar(a) H 2S partial pressure,
whereas for Drilling and Well Intervention (DWI) this has been reduced to 650ppm with no partial pressure
criteria.
This decision was taken with the following considerations:
• When determining risk levels on processing facilities, the likelihood of a release and its
consequences are taken into account. For processing facilities, frequencies of a release are
calculated per equipment item and these are typically in the order of 1 release in 10,000 years.
Consequences can be mitigated by shutdown and blowdown.
• However, during Drilling and Well Intervention activities the frequency of release is significantly
higher than 1 in 10,000 and there are limited controls to mitigate the release once it has occurred.
For example:
• The drilling mud barrier is dynamic and is not as robust as the containment (steel) found in
processing plants.
• Presence of (H2S) gas in well fluid returns which can result in a release at surface.
• Persons on rig floor will not be wearing the escape sets during their day to day activities,
and therefore need more time to protect themselves.
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Effective: Sep 20
3.1 The DWI H2S Classifications for Drilling and Well Intervention
Well Classification when Drilling Rigs, Well Intervention / Workover / e.g., Hoist, Frac, Well Test, Wireline,
Coil Tubing, Pumping Units are present are on the pad is based on the following:
Figure 3-1 Drilling and Well Intervention Classification
Summary requirements for Planning & Execute Stages are provided in Section 12 of this document.
For each new well (exploration, appraisal and development) to be drilled each hole section shall be
evaluated for DWI classification. The H2S concentration shall be based on a prediction of a realistic and
maximum concentration considering all formations that will be drilled through (not just the target reservoir).
The H2S ppm is the flashed gas H2S concentration.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
3.2 General Information

Subsequent sections detail what management controls are required based on the DWI classification.
The H2S classification included here and in SP-1190-1 shall not be used for material selection. The
classification and requirements for materials to be used in H2S containing environment shall be as per
indicated in section 8.2.
For producing fields, the frequency of the review of the classification should be based on the understanding
of the asset, and the changes in the H2S levels in the fields and shall also take into account the souring
potential for the reservoir.
3.2.1 Well Panning Tool (WPT) Required Data

The Well Planning Tool (WPT) shall note the following details:
• Expected concentrations of H2S per formation.
• Realistic maximum concentrations of H2S per formation.
• Drilling Phase EPZ Distance per section + Map.
• Drilling Phase Maximum Evacuation Distance (MED) per Section + Map (DWI-3 Only).
• Asset EPZ Distance + Map.
3.2.2 Well Services Activity Manager (WSAM) Required Data

Well Services Activity Manager (WSAM) shall note the following details:
• Actual concentration of H2S in well.
• If any new perforations – Expected concentration H2S in new formation.
• If any new perforations – Realistic maximum concentration H2S in new formation.
• Asset EPZ Distance + Map.
• Hoist / HWOU Workover1 – “Drilling” Phase EPZ Distance per section + Map.
• Hoist / HWOU Workover1 – “Drilling” Phase MED per Section + Map (DWI-3 Only).
• For all other CWI Activities – Well Production Phase EPZ + Map
• For all other CWI Activities – Well Production Phase MED + Map (DWI-3 Only).
• If Well Test Flaring – Total Exclusion Zone (TEZ) and the Special Precautions Zone (SPZ).
1– Drilling Phase EPZ is required on Hoist / HWOU workovers where the Xmas tree is removed tubing
hanger / production packer unset as the AOFP is now driven by the production casing ID.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
3.3 Sampling Requirements for Wells

Sampling shall be in accordance with the most up to date PDO Sampling standards PR-1080.
The assessment of the fluid composition shall be based on sampling / PVT analysis, as appropriate, with
down hole samples being the preferred method. The fluids should be flashed using Unisim to determine
the H2S concentration. Surface samples may also be used.
For all wells (including Exploration), when the H2S concentration is unknown, H2S concentrations of
surrounding reservoirs should be considered, and the relevance determined by the field Production
Technologist.
As a last resort, if no relevant data exists, the following minimum classification shall be assigned:
DWI-3 if it is connected (or planned to be connected) to a Sour or a Critical Sour facility as defined in SP-
1190-1.
All other cases to be classified as DWI-2, unless proven to be DWI-1.
It is understood that in some cases high levels of H 2S are recorded in the PVT, but H2S levels at site are
thought to be much lower. Unless the levels of H2S at site can be demonstrated to be lower through a
robust UIK approved sampling scheme, then the more conservative PVT data shall be used for DWI
Classification. A request to conduct sampling of the fluids in the connected pipeline can be made for well
intervention, in order to prove an H2S classification, prior to the well intervention planning stage.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
4 Managing the H2S Risk for Wells Activities to ALARP

There are many activities carried out on wells which are managed by the existing well standards and
procedures. PDO already has an HSE Management system in place, which uses HEMP to identify major
accident Hazards. Prior to any well activities being conducted risks are identified and classified by the PDO
Risk Assessment Matrix (RAM).
4.1 Non-Routine Activities on Wells where H2S is present

Within the last few years, a number of non-routine H2S activities have been conducted which has required
significant input from multiple disciplines to manage the risk to ALARP, such as the Sakhiya 31 well test
intervention.
Non routine activities with significantly higher risk of H2S release (especially HiPo - 5A/B & Red) on Sour
Wells need to be thoroughly reviewed in conjunction with the Technical Safety function. Additional functions
/ CFDHs may be included in the review based on the scope of activity to demonstrate that risks are reduced
to ALARP i.e. Materials, Emergency Response, Security, etc.
The activities listed below are likely to be required as part of the ALARP demonstration, but this is work
scope dependent. The ALARP demonstration shall be planned into the Drilling Program and be identified
within PCAP.
Also see section 6.8 and 7.8 for other items which will aid in demonstration of ALARP for DWI-2 and DWI-
3 wells respectively.
− HAZOP (PR-1696 - HAZOP Procedure)
− Materials Selection Report
− Physical Effects Modelling in accordance with SP-1258 & PR-2219. This may lead to use of a
vertical flare stack
− ALARP Workshop
− Pre-Start Up Audit
− SIMOPS Review
− Check, Comply and Confirm
− EPZ Calculation
− Specific Emergency Response Plan
− DWOP / WWOP / AWOP
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
5 DWI- 1 - Site Requirements

If the well is classified as DWI-1, there are a number of decisions to be made to ensure that a suitable
approach to hazard management is implemented. These are further detailed in this section.
5.1 DWI-1 H2S Training, Site Induction and Visitors

All personnel entering DWI-1 wells shall attend PDO Approved H2S Training & present their H2S Card prior
to entry.
Non H2S Trained Visitors can attend the well site for a maximum of 2 weeks but must ‘buddy up’ with a
suitably H2S trained assigned person for the entire duration of the visit. The Buddy System Procedure is
noted in PR-1081. If the visitor is to extend the duration of the stay past 2 weeks, they shall attend the
appropriate H2S training course, prior to returning to the well site.
5.2 DWI-1 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

There are no EPZ requirements for a DWI-1 Well, unless the DWI-1 well is within an existing EPZ, then the
general EPZ entry requirements, SP-1190-4 shall apply.
5.3 DWI-1 Respiratory Protective Equipment for Rescue

Full 45 minutes (minimum) supplied air breathing apparatus will be provided for the rescue team. The
number of units to be available shall be 150% of the rescue team members. The RPE selected for use,
shall be in accordance with the EN 137 & EN14593-1, for working breathing air, rather than purely for
escape, reference to be made to SP-1190-5.
The rescue breathing apparatus shall be stored in a clean protected area away from the well centre and
other common hazards. Typically, this is inside an air-conditioned container / office close to the muster
area.
5.4 DWI-1 Gas Detection

Flammable (hydrocarbon) gas detection shall be provided as on the unit visiting the well, (e.g. wireline,
coiled tubing, rig etc.) unless there is existing flammable / H2S gas detection available, and active at the
well site. Alarms & beacons shall be initiated on a single Alarm Level 2 (AL2) detection (currently 40% LFL).
This is in line with the DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen.
In addition, PDO approved stand-alone portable H2S monitors shall also be provided, with an alarm setting
of 10ppm.
In the event of an alarm the PDO & Contractor worksite supervisors shall be immediately notified.
Depending on the operational scenario, the driller/operator should take appropriate action, i.e. in drilling
flow check or shut in the well, or in CWI close a BOP below the leak point, etc.
Gas detection is Safety Critical and an appropriate testing / inspection regime shall be established.
Detectors within the working area should be placed as per Section 9.1.
5.5 DWI-1 Emergency Response

For all sites an Emergency Response Plan should be in place & Muster Points assigned. Emergency Drills
to be defined, conducted and recorded.
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Effective: Sep 20
5.6 DWI-1 General

If a well is classified as DWI-1, no further application of this standard is required. However, the classification
exercise shall be formally recorded and levels of H2S shall be monitored, by site sampling.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
6 DWI-2 - Site Requirements

6.1 DWI-2 H2S Training and Site Induction

to entry. Site personnel access/egress shall be controlled using a T-Card management system.
Each DWI unit shall provide an induction and keep records.
Non H2S Trained Visitors can attend the well site for a maximum of 2 days but must ‘buddy up’ with a
noted in PR-1081. They will be shown how the Respiratory Protective Equipment works such that they can
use it themselves.
If the visitor is to extend the duration of the stay past 2 days, they shall attend the appropriate H2S training
course, prior to returning to the well site. H2S training is further explained in SP-1190-5.
6.2 DWI-2 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

The Drilling and Production EP to be calculated in line with SP-1258 - HSE Specification - Quantitative Risk
Assessment (QRA) and recorded as per Section 3.2.
The Drilling EPZ shall be calculated per potential H 2S bearing hole section. Where practical, the largest
EPZ should be used for all potential H2S bearing sections.
Provision of the H2S management controls should be determined based on the depth of the expected H 2S
hazard and the certainty of the subsurface information. EPZ mitigations should be in place a minimum of
100m above the shallowest prognosed depth of the EPZ formation. If practicable, for wells with shallower
reservoirs, EPZ mitigations can be lifted once the section is cased off and the casing shoe is successfully
pressure tested. The EPZ restrictions would be re-instated at least 100m above the next H2S bearing
section, if present.
For well intervention activities where the Xmas tree remains installed the Well Production EPZ shall be
used. For Hoist or HWOU activities where the Xmas tree is removed the Drilling EPZ (i.e. production casing
ID related AOFP) shall be used.
A register of EPZs should be established in the Asset.
No mobile camps shall be located in the Well or Asset EPZ.
For a DWI-2 Well, the Well EPZ (Drilling or Production) is unlikely to extend past the well site working area.
If this is the case, no Well EPZ around the well area need be established. All other controls as identified
for DWI-2 still apply.
If the EPZ does extend past the working area, the appropriate EPZ shall be implemented in line with general
EPZ requirements identified in SP-1190-4. A map of the EPZ to be included in the WPT / WSAM and be
available at site.
If a DWI-2 well is within the EPZ of a producing Sour or Critical Sour well or facility, then the general EPZ
requirements, SP-1190-4 shall apply.
6.3 DWI-2 Ignition System

To determine whether an Ignition System is required; calculate / compare the well EPZ (Drilling or
Production as appropriate) to determine if it extends past the working area.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
If a DWI-2 well has an EPZ, determine whether an ignition system is required, in line with 07.37.3.
6.4 Managing Numbers of Personnel at Site (POB)

As RPE (Section 6.5) shall be provided, a system must be in place to ensure that a maximum number of
persons at the well site is defined and controlled. This is typically known as the maximum Personnel on
Board (POB). The maximum number of persons on location shall never exceed the maximum POB.
6.5 DWI-2 Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements

All RPE to be provided in line with SP-1190-5. In summary this means:
6.5.1 Escape RPE

All persons entering a DWI-2 site shall be provided with a Filter Hood.
This RPE is sufficiently light and compact that it shall be worn on the individual at all times where
practicable. It is understood in areas, e.g. such as the drill floor, damage to the equipment is likely due to
the nature of the work, in which case sufficient filter hoods to be provided for the maximum number of
persons expected to work in that area, with 50 % contingency applied. The filter hoods must be stored in
a shaded area.
This is for escape use only.
6.5.2 Rescue RPE

This is a Rescue Set. Full 45 minutes (minimum) supplied air breathing apparatus shall be provided for the
rescue team; this is a Rescue Set. The number of units to be available shall be 150% of the rescue team
members.
The RPE selected for use, shall be in accordance with the EN 137 & EN14593-1, for working breathing air,
rather than purely for escape, reference to be made to SP-1190-5.
other common hazards. Typically this is inside an air-conditioned container / office close to the muster area.
6.5.3 Cascade Air Systems

If work is planned in an H2S contaminated environment, such as frequent surface sampling or coring, then
Cascade Air systems should be provided if it is not possible to use Rescue RPE due to the duration of the
activities.
Cascade Air systems are not mandatory for DWI-2 Wells, as Rescue RPE (6.5.2) can be utilised. Rescue
RPE is only valid for DWI-2 Wells (not DWI-3), as the dispersed distance of H 2S will be lower on DWI-2
wells.
It should be noted that returning to ‘make the well safe’ will not be defined solely on the toxicity, but the
flammability and structural aspects etc., shall also be assessed prior to re-entering the working area.
Wells directorate have practiced well control incidents and the maximum time where persons are expected
to be at the working area, is significantly lesser than the 45 minutes, which is in line with the Rescue RPE
approach.
If cascade is provided, the connections should be located based on 7.5.3 and Appendix 14, Table 14-1.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
6.6 DWI-2 Gas detection
6.6.1 Fixed / Portable Detection

Flammable (hydrocarbon) gas detection shall be provided on the unit visiting the well, (e.g. wireline, coiled
tubing, rig etc.) unless there is existing flammable gas detection available, and active at the well site. Plant
alarms & beacons shall be initiated on a single Alarm Level 2 (AL2) detection (currently 40% LFL). This is
in line with the DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen.
In addition, PDO approved stand-alone portable H2S monitors shall also be provided, with an alarm setting
of 10ppm.
Detectors within the working area should be placed as per Section 9.1.
6.6.2 Personal Detection

Personal H2S gas detectors shall be provided to, and worn by each person on the well pad area.
Personal SO2 Gas Detection is not expected to be provided on DWI-2 wells as the levels of SO2 expected
as a product of combustion would be very unlikely to be detected at ground level. SO2 detection will be
required if identified under SIMOPS controls, Appendix 2.
6.7 DWI-2 Emergency Response Plan

An Emergency Response Plan shall be established dependent upon the likely hazard and the people in the
area. This to include:
− Muster Points assigned
− Emergency Drills defined, conducted and lessons learned incorporated.
The specific Emergency Response to an H2S release will be dependent upon the location and the
orientation of the rig or well intervention unit. This information shall be available at the wellsite and persons
at the well site shall be aware of what actions to take.
6.8 DWI-2 General Requirements

The following to be available at site:
− H2S warning signage,
− Windsocks,
− Barriers to prevent public entry,
− Car parking areas upwind of flares,
− Flare pits & vent lines (for well testing) provided taking account of wind direction & existing
infrastructure,
− Storage for Respiratory Protective Equipment,
− Air Quality Records for supplied Breathing Air in compliance with DEP 80.10.10.31,
− Inductions Records for staff and visitors.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Separation distances between Sour / Critical Sour wells and other infrastructure are addressed in SP-1190-
3. Additional separation requirements are specified in SP-1127.
Refer to GU-576 for Blowout Contingency Planning & Emergency Response.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
7 DWI-3 Well Site Requirements

7.1 DWI-3 H2S Training and Site Induction

to entry. Site personnel access/egress shall be controlled using a T-Card management system.
Each DWI unit shall provide an induction, and keep records.
Non H2S Trained Visitors can attend the well site for a maximum of 2 days, but must ‘buddy up’ with a
noted in PR-1081. They will be shown how the Respiratory Protective Equipment works such that they can
use it themselves.
If the visitor is to extend the duration of the stay past 2 days, they shall attend the appropriate H2S training
course, prior to returning to the well site. H2S training is further explained in SP-1190-5.
7.2 DWI-3 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) & Maximum Evacuation Distance
The Production and Drilling EPZ for the well shall be calculated in accordance with SP-1258 - HSE
Specification - Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) and PR-2219 - Procedure for conducting QRA, PEM
and related studies.
The Drilling EPZ shall be calculated per potential H2S bearing hole section. Where practical, the largest
EPZ should be used for all potential H2S bearing sections.
For well intervention activities the Well Production EPZ shall be used for all activities except Hoist. For
Hoist activities the Drilling EPZ shall be used. The EPZ size shall be provided in WPT / WSAM and all well
/ rig staff shall be made aware of it. The appropriate EPZ shall be implemented in line with general EPZ
requirements identified in SP-1190-4.
It should be discussed at the Pre-Spudding and Pre-Reservoir meetings. A map of the EPZ to be included
in WPT / WSAM and be available at site. A register of EPZs should be established in the Asset.
If the well is within the EPZ of a producing Sour or Critical Sour well or facility, then the general EPZ
requirements, SP-1190-4 shall apply.
Provision of the H2S management controls should be determined based on the depth of the expected H2S
hazard and the certainty of the subsurface information. EPZ mitigations should be in place a minimum of
100m above the shallowest prognosed depth of the EPZ formation. If practicable, for wells with shallower
reservoirs, EPZ mitigations can be lifted once the section is cased off and the casing shoe is successfully
pressure tested. The EPZ restrictions would be re-instated at least 100m above the next H2S bearing
section, if present.
No mobile camps shall be in the Well EPZ.
Where practicable 2 independent evacuation roads should be provided from a well, which has a Drilling or
Production EPZ.
The Maximum Evacuation Distance (MED) shall be noted on the Well Program, in WPT / WSAM and all
well / rig staff and the production coordinator for the area staff shall be made aware of it. See 7.7.2.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
7.3 DWI-3 Ignition System

When a well is classified as DWI-3, it shall be provided with an ignition system in line with Figure 7-1.
Assess if ignition device required

at site
Responsible Party:
Assess EPZ & MED distance
Manned or partially manned

No
facil ities within EPZ?
Yes “At-risk” as sets are: “sweet” manned or partially manned

“At-risk” assets wit hi n MED? No facilities/ vulnerab le targets/ 3rd party non-associated personnel
Yes
Responsible Party: Responsible Party:

Ensure ignition device installed Conclude ignition device not
on site required at site
End
Figure 7-1 Well Site Ignition

Vulnerable targets include, but are not limited to: public roads, workers camps, local communities, villages,
farms. 3rd Party non-associated persons are those who are not perceived to benefit directly from PDO
operations. Typically, this would be persons associated with government buildings, local communities,
schools, Izba etc. The timeframe for activation of the ignition system shall take into account the proximity
of those vulnerable targets.
Refer to GU-576 for the conditions to ignite the well in event of a sour gas release.
7.4 Managing Numbers of Personnel at Site (POB)

As supplied air RPE (Section 7.5), shall be provided, a system must be in place to ensure that a maximum
number of persons at the well site is defined and controlled. This is typically known as the maximum
Personnel on Board (POB). The maximum number of persons on location shall never exceed the maximum
POB.
7.5 DWI-3 Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements

All RPE to be provided in line with SP-1190-5. In summary this means:
7.5.1 Escape RPE
This is a Supplied Air Escape Set, or a Critical Sour Escape Set. 15 minute supplied air breathing apparatus
shall be provided in accordance for the expected POB. The number of units to be available shall be 150%
of the expected POB.
The units shall be stored in appropriate shaded locations around the work unit taking account of expected
personnel distribution and the likely hazard source.
This equipment is for escape use only.
7.5.2 Rescue RPE
This is a Rescue Set. Full 45 minutes (minimum) supplied air breathing apparatus shall be provided for the
rescue team. The number provided of units to be available shall be 150% of the rescue team members.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
The RPE selected for use, shall be in accordance with the EN 137 & EN14593-1, for working breathing air,
rather than purely for escape, reference to be made to SP-1190-5.
other common hazards. Typically this is inside an air-conditioned container / office close to the muster area.
7.5.3 Cascade Air Systems

If work is planned in an H2S contaminated environment, such as frequent surface sampling or coring, then
Cascade Air systems should be provided, if it is not possible to use Rescue RPE due to the duration of the
activities.
The following defines when a Cascade system is to be provided for Drilling and CWI activities.
DWI-3
Are persons predicted to continue

working during an H2S incident? Yes
No
Provide Cascade Air
No Cascade Air
Figure 7-2, DWI-3 Cascade Air

If persons are required to stay during an emergency (including a sour release from an EPZ facility), then
Cascade Air will be required. The RPE selected for use, shall be in accordance with the EN 137 & EN14593-
1, for working breathing air, rather than purely for escape, reference to be made to SP-1190-5. Those using
Cascade Air systems shall be trained in their use, which is the subject of a separate PDO approved training
course.
Cascade systems should be located based on the DWI activity taking place as noted in Appendix 14, Table
14-1.
7.6 DWI-3 H2S / SO2 Gas Detection

7.6.1 Fixed / Portable Detection
7.6.1.1 Flaring Scenarios

Drilling and Well Intervention activities have the potential to impact adjacent facilities /persons. In the past
Well Intervention flares have become unstable and resulted in flare-out which has led to plumes of H2S
drifting and facilities being tripped on gas detection.
When flaring is anticipated the following is required:
H2S gas detection needs to be provided to protect / detect in the following instances:
1) Protect the well site from the associated well intervention / drilling flare-out scenario.
2) Protect any facilities within ‘proximity’ from the well itself.
3) Protect any facilities within ‘proximity’ from the well flares.
The distances which are considered as in ‘proximity’ have previously been based on the dispersion of H2S
to 20ppm, as this is typically the trip setting of the facility gas detectors.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Numbers and locations of gas detectors should typically be in accordance with the ongoing Wells Project
to provide gas detection (see Greater Birba Well Testing Fire & Gas Detection – GEN-00-000000-HX-3323-
00001-0000), which looks at the far field impact. For well test flare pits, this suggests a 25m spacing
between detectors, located 50m distant from the flare pit.
Alarms & beacons shall be initiated with an alarm setting of 10ppm.
If dispersion analysis, conducted in line with SP-1258 indicates an SO2 hazard at any manned area, (facility,
office, adjacent rig etc.) then SO2 detection (fixed /portable) shall be provided, which shall alarm at the CWI
site office, which shall be manned during all flaring activities. Personal SO2 detection will be required if
identified under SIMOPS controls, Appendix 2.
For clarity, detectors within the working area should be placed as per Section 9.1.
7.6.1.2 Non-Flaring Scenarios

H2S gas detection to be provided on the unit attending the well. Alarms & beacons shall be initiated with
an alarm setting of 10ppm.
As gas detection is Safety Critical an appropriate testing / inspection regime shall be established.
For clarity, detectors within the working area should be placed as per Section 9.19.1.
7.6.2 Personal Detection

Personal H2S gas detectors shall be provided to, and worn by each person on the well pad area.
Personal SO2 Gas Detection shall be provided on DWI-3 wells, if it assessed that it is necessary as noted
above.
7.7 DWI-3 Emergency Response Plan

7.7.1 Emergency Response Plan
An Emergency Response Plan will be established dependent upon the likely hazard and the people in the
area. Specific reference should be made to any Vulnerable Targets in the area.
This to include:
− Muster Points assigned, within walking distance / RPE capacity.
− Emergency Drills defined & conducted.
For full details make reference to GU648. The specific Emergency Response to an H 2S release will be
dependent upon the location and the orientation of the rig of well intervention unit. This information shall be
available at the wellsite and persons at the well site shall be aware of what actions to take.
7.7.2 Maximum (Critical) Evacuation Distances

Each well / area has an EPZ calculated. This defines the distance to which a worst case release of H 2S,
using averaged weather conditions, will travel at a concentration of 100ppm. In line with GU576, the
evacuation area could be extended to the 100 ppm boundary based on worst case weather conditions
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
(for dispersion). The evacuation area should be based on a 90 degree arc (45 degrees either side of the
wind direction) taking account of weather conditions on the day at site. This is commonly known as the
Evacuation Distance, and shall be noted on the Well Program and be available at site.
However, these Critical or Maximum Evacuation distances, as calculated via the ERCB tool are
considered to be extremely conservative. These distances should only be checked to ensure that
3rd party non-associated persons, are not within that distance. .
If there are 3rd party non-associated persons, within the Maximum Evacuation Distance for well activities,
contact MSE4 for further advice, and anticipate that activities noted in Section4 may be required.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
7.8 DWI-3 General Issues

The following to be available at site
− H2S warning signage,
− Windsocks,
− Barriers to prevent public entry,
− Car parking areas upwind of flares,
− Dedicated flare lines & pits for drilling into Region 4 (SP-2193 definition) sour formations,
− Flare pits & vent lines provided taking account of wind direction & existing infrastructure,
− Storage for Respiratory Protective Equipment,
− Air Quality for supplied Breathing Air in compliance with DEP 80.10.10.31,
− Inductions Records for staff and visitors.
Separation distances between wells and other infrastructure are addressed in SP-1190-3, Rev 4, Section
4.4.4. and SP-1127 Section 4.2.
Refer to GU-576 for Contingency Planning & Emergency Response
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
8 Equipment Selection & Design for H2S Wells – Preventing Events
8.1 Planning
Once the DWI classification of a well is understood there are a number of items which need to be planned
into the well program, much of this is addressed in the Wells HSSE & Social Performance Manual.
The items noted below are considered specific to the concentrations of H 2S found at the well, and should
be addressed as early in the schedule as possible.
− SIMOPS, in agreement with Interior Operations teams.
− EPZ Establishment.
− Cascade system.
− Flare line length, including its TEZ & SPZ (Section 10)
− Emergency Response Plans.
A down-hole sample should be provided & PVT analysis conducted unless the asset Production
Technologist confirms that this is not required. All testing to be in line with UIK procedures.
8.2 Material Selection

Material selection for wells activities, equipment and components shall be in accordance with SP-2193. The
definition and requirements of materials to be used in service containing H 2S shall be as per SP-2193, DEP-
39.01.10.12 and ISO 15156.
The selection of Drill pipe material and Elastomers for H2S service shall be as per SP-2193.
The e-line / slickline / coiled tubing shall be confirmed as suitable for the appropriate H2S service based on
a sample.
8.3 H2S Inhibitors / Scavengers – PR-1047 & SP-2193

H2S Inhibitors & Scavengers shall be used in accordance with SP-2193.
8.4 Well Equipment & Tubulars

Well equipment and tubulars are designed in accordance with SP-2193, CTDM ws 38.80.31.31 Wells
Manual.
8.5 Well Test Flare or Vent Stack (pit) location

The flare line length shall be greater than the TEZ distance (Section 10) for well intervention & drilling. The
location of the pit shall be reviewed taking account of the prevailing wind and infrastructure / population in
the surrounding area. Wherever feasible, two flare pits at opposite sides of the well pad should be
constructed for continuous well test operation.
Vertical flare stacks provide better dispersion and should be considered for DWI-2 or DWI-3 wells,
especially when the well is in proximity to populated areas.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
8.6 Rig Poorboy degasser vent line

The vent line to be routed based on dispersion calculations conducted in accordance with SP-1258, such
that the levels of H2S are consistently less than 5ppm H2S at manned areas, as SP-1190-3.
8.7 Separator Relief Valve vent line

For well testing units with separators, the location of the relief valve vent line shall be decided based on
dispersion calculations conducted in accordance with SP-1258, such that the levels of H2S are consistently
less than 5ppm H2S (vent) at manned areas, as SP-1190-3. See also Section 10 of this report.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
9 Wells H2S design – Recovering from Events
9.1 Gas Detection

Flammable and toxic gas detection is noted within specific sections for DWI 1-3 requirements. It shall
generally be provided in line within Appendix 4.
9.2 H2S Beacons and Alarms

Beacons shall be provided. These shall be provided in accordance with the latest version of the F&G DEP
32.30.20.11. For information, at date of this standard:
• Blue beacons for toxic gas (H2S),
• Amber beacons for flammable gas, and
• Red beacons for fire.
An intermittent audible alarm in line with F&G DEP 32.30.20.11 shall be provided for toxic detection.
A continuous audible alarm in line with F&G DEP 32.30.20.11 shall be provided for a flammable and fire
detection.
The alarms should be provided such that it is audible under all operating conditions throughout the drilling
location, including external and all internal work spaces.
Manual Alarm Call points or pushbuttons are normally provided on equipment units and escape gates. For
areas which are not fenced, pushbuttons which activate the general alarm shall typically be provided in
accordance with F&G DEP 32.30.20.11.
Wells Directorate may establish a standard list of pushbutton locations per unit type.
9.3 Cascade System Requirements

The decision to provide Cascade air shall be in accordance with Sections 6.5.3 and 7.5.3.
Cascade Air may be provided to facilitate sampling for Well Testing units or other CWI activities.
When Cascade Air is required, it shall be provided taking account of the following:
− Sufficient connections for all critical activities.
− Maximum duration that persons can be expected to work under Breathing Air, and the required rest
intervals. (SP-1190-4)
− The equipment shall be proven suitable for use in the expected H 2S concentrations in air, taking
account of the Assigned Protection Factor of the equipment (see SP-1190-5).
− Breathing Air quality in accordance with DEP on Breathing Air 80.10.10.31.
− EN 12021, Respiratory protective devices — Compressed air for breathing apparatus.
− The equipment shall be in accordance with the EN 137 & EN 14593-1, for working breathing air.
If persons using the equipment have facial hair, equipment which is proven suitable for wearers with facial
hair shall be supplied.
Details of the Cascade System shall be defined in the unit safety case, where one exists. The Cascade
System shall be considered Safety Critical and shall have an appropriate inspection and maintenance
scheme in place to ensure suitability.
It shall be provided in line with Section 14, Appendix 3.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
9.4 Different types of portable RPE

The basis for selection of RPE is defined in SP-1190-5. There are 4 different categories:
9.4.1 Supplied Air for Rescue

This shall be provided in accordance with the latest version of SP-1190-5.
9.4.2 Working in an H2S contaminated Environment

9.4.3 Supplied Air for Escape

9.4.4 Filter Hoods for Escape

Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
10 SIMOPS Controls
10.1 H2S SIMOPS Requirements

The potential for a Drilling or Well Intervention activity to impact, or be impacted by adjacent activities,
should be discussed between the Wells team conducting the activity and the relevant Operations
Production Supervisor, prior to the well handover to ensure that SIMOPS are controlled within the EPZ, and
other H2S zones.
Where a Well EPZ overlaps an unmanned facility (well / RMS etc.), controls should be put in place, and if
possible SIMOPS should be avoided by schedule. An activity being conducted in a facility or pipeline EPZ
shall be conducted within the PDO PTW system. The minimum requirement is to advise the working parties
within the respective well or facility EPZs, and ensure direct communication between the parties is known
/ possible. This is ensured by following the Sour and Critical Sour SIMOPS SOP (Appendix 5).
In the following cases, formal documented agreement of SIMOPS controls shall be prepared, when the
Well EPZ:
• Overlaps a manned or partially manned facility or vulnerable targets.
• Overlaps the SIMOPS zone of an existing facility
• Overlaps the main access / egress road to the facility (unless another access route is provided)
The signatory on the SIMOPS document will be commensurate with the anticipated level of risk.
The requirements of the Special Precautions Zone and the Total Exclusion Zone always apply when flaring
is planned / ongoing. Any overlap of the SPZ/TEZ and a manned or partially manned facilities or vulnerable
targets shall be avoided. If the overlap cannot be avoided, then this will result in Section 4 of this document
becoming applicable.
If any SPZ/TEZ overlaps an unmanned facility (well / RMS etc.), SPZ/TEZ controls shall be put in place.
10.2 H2S SIMOPS Documentation

If identified in Section 10.1, a SIMOPS document will be required. This SIMOPS documentation is the
responsibility of the Wells team owning the DWI activity. To complete the document the Wells team and
Operations team will need to conduct a joint meeting. This meeting will need to be completed a number of
weeks in advance of the activity.
There are a number of examples now available within the Greater Birba area.
A checklist of requirements is noted in Section 13 Appendix 2.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
11 Well Flaring Zoning for Sour & Critical Sour Facilities

Well fluids with H2S in the composition will release SO2 if the fluids are flared. Preferentially flaring should
be minimised, however, if flaring cannot be avoided then precautions must be taken to limit the effect of the
SO2. In the event that the flare is extinguished, there is also the potential for H2S to impact persons in the
area. All flaring from Sour and Critical Sour wells shall be agreed in advance with the relevant Operations
team and SIMOPS controls identified, as per Appendix 5.
Well flaring zoning shall be implemented when the H2S levels in the composition result in dispersion
distances for 5ppm SO2 (ignited flare) or, 300ppm H2S (flame-out) at distances which are greater than the
controlling thermal radiation hazard, of 6.3kW/m2. 300ppm is selected as this is the SIMOPs control level,
and the onset of significant healh effects (SP-1190-1).
To manage the area around the flare, a Total Exclusion Zone and Special Precautions Zone shall be
established. These zones shall be calculated using the latest version of Shell FRED or ADMS dispersion
modelling software. For advice on modelling, make reference to SP-1258
The basis of the zoning is:
The TOTAL EXCLUSION ZONE (TEZ) for Well Flaring is based on the largest dispersion distance of the
following:
− 5ppm SO2 (ignited flame) or,
− 300ppm H2S (flame-out)
The SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS ZONE (SPZ) for Well Flaring is based on the largest dispersion distance of
the following:
− 2ppm SO2 (ignited flame) or
− 100ppm H2S (flame out)
The dispersion radii are to be centred round the flare location.
This zoning will impact the flare line length required. The flare line length shall as a minimum be the TEZ.
Note - The thermal radiation hazard will also need to be assessed. These calculations should be provided
per reservoir, and a set of lengths established per cluster. Typically support from the Technical Safety
function should be sought. It may be more suitable to specify the maximum calculated length in the Rig /
WTU Contracts to allow the units to move around the areas without hindrance.
H2S / SO2 Gas Detection to be provided in line with 6.6 and 7.6, as appropriate.
11.1 Well Flaring Zoning Working Requirements

Operational personnel shall ensure through the PDO PTW system, that the following zones are
implemented. The requirements for the TEZ are over and above the requirements for the SPZ. This is in
line with SP-1190-4.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Table 11-1 Well Test Flaring Zoning Requirements

Requirement Special Precautions Zone (SPZ) Total Exclusion Zone (TEZ)
Entry for WTU, Construction or
Operations personnel Strictly no entry for Construction or
in Compliance with EPZ Operations personnel.
Entry requirements (SP-1190-4)
Personnel shall not work downwind of Entry only to WTU personnel, with use of
the flare within the SPZ. full Self Contained Breathing Apparatus
Wind direction to be monitored by the
Monitor Weather As per TEZ controls WTU and portable wind sock to be
provided at worksite
H2S & SO2 levels to be monitored around
TEZ by WTU.
If H2S exceeds 10ppm, or
SO2 exceeds 2ppm,
Monitor the gas detection provided for
Monitor Gas either
the TEZ controls.
Shutdown Flaring, or
Evacuate non-associated personnel and
WTU personnel don RPE until re-ignited
or shut down.
H2S warning signs for entry roads for
the duration of flaring activity required H2S warning sign for entry roads for the
Signage
in areas that are not within an existing duration of flaring activity. As per 11.1.1
Asset EPZ.
WTU PTW (approved by production
All persons in the TEZ are under control
Contact station) has all contact details for those
of WTU PTW
in the SPZ
TRIC (attached to the PTW) shall
TRIC As per SPZ controls.
include flaring hazard
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
11.1.1 Well Flaring – Total Exclusion Zone (TEZ) Signboards

The PDO Approved TEZ Signboards are shown below. It is anticipated that they will be provided in a
standard 450mm x 600mm format, although larger signs may be used, if they are required at the location
where roads are to be closed. The signs shall be fixed to a portable support, (e.g. post and pre-formed
concrete base) such that they can be installed at ground level and moved from location to location.
They should be located at intervals around the TEZ, with particular attention to access routes.
Figure 11-1 TEZ Signboard
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
12 Appendix 1 Summary Requirements and Assurance
Version : 6.0
Petroleum Development Oman LLC Effective: Sep 20
12.1 Assurance Summary

Assurance is split into Planning and Execute stages
Planning Stage
Well H2S Classification
Item DWI-1 DWI-2 DWI-3
General Access Approved H2S Training

1
Requirements Site Induction
2 H2S Sampling Plan to sample if no data / samples available
Calculate EPZ size & plan
implementation
EPZ Unlikely – Calculate to Confirm if
3 EPZ / MED No H2S Related Requirement Calculate & record the Max Evacuation
required.
Distance
Provide Map
4 Ignition System No H2S Related Requirement Confirm based on Figure 7-1.
5 Maximum POB No H2S Related Requirement Define Maximum POB
Ensure adequate numbers (POB+50%) Ensure adequate numbers (POB+50%) of
6 Escape RPE No H2S Related Requirement
of approved Filter Escape Hoods Critical Sour Escape Sets
Provide, No. of units 150% of Ensure number of units is 150% of Rescue Team members & storage available for
7 Rescue RPE
Rescue team members approved Rescue RPE
Cascade Air Confirm if Cascade system required as Confirm if Cascade system required as
8 No H2S Related Requirement
System per 6.5.3 per 7.5.3
Site Gas Flammable (HC) Gas Detection Flammable (HC) Gas Detection
9 H2S gas detection on the rig / unit
Detection Portable H2S Portable H2S
Personal Gas Provide H2S Detectors per person, & Provide H2S Detectors per person,
10 No H2S Related Requirement
Detection SO2 if required for SIMOPS (App 2) assess if SO2 required
Version : 6.0
Planning Stage
Emergency Emergency Response Plan in place & Muster Points assigned

11
Response Emergency Drills
12 SIMOPS No H2S Related Requirement Advise Operations Plan session with Operations
Flare Line Length
13 & Well Test No H2S Related Requirement Determine & record
Flaring Zones
14 Vent Locations No H2S Related Requirement Determine & record
Material
15 As per Section 8.2
Selection
H2S Inhibitors &
16 As per Section 8.3
Scavengers
Non Routine
17 Activities on Sour No H2S Related Requirement ALARP demonstration, including HAZOP etc.
Wells
Amber beacons for flammable gas
As DWI1 +
Beacons and Red beacons for fire
18 Blue beacons for toxic gas (H2S),
Alarms
Continuous audible alarm for fire /
An intermittent audible alarm for toxic
flammable
Version : 6.0
Execute Stage
Approved H2S Training Cards for all persons, or Buddy system in use
General Access
1 Site Induction Register
Requirements
T-Card POB Access Control
Non H2S Trained Visitors – 2 weeks
2 Visitors Non H2S Trained Visitors – 2 days maximum buddy up
maximum buddy up
EPZ & Maximum Evacuation Distance is
EPZ is required? Is it known at site?
3 EPZ Not Required known at site?
Map Available?
Map Available?
4 Ignition System No H2S Related Requirement Confirm based on Figure 7-1.
5 Maximum POB No H2S Related Requirement Confirm number of persons on site less than Maximum allowable POB.
SP-1190-5 Filter Escape Hood available SP-1190-5 Sour / Critical Sour Escape
6 Escape RPE No H2S Related Requirement
at site for POB + 50% Set available at site for POB + 50%
Provide, independent of H2S Ensure adequate numbers & storage for Ensure adequate numbers & storage for
7 Rescue RPE
concentration. approved SP-1190-5 Rescue RPE approved SP-1190-5 Rescue RPE
Cascade Air
8 No H2S Related Requirement Confirm in place if required as per 6.5.3 Confirm in place if required as per 7.5.3
System
Site Gas Flammable (HC) Gas Detection Flammable (HC) Gas Detection
9 H2S gas detection on the rig / unit
Detection Portable H2S Portable H2S.
Personal Gas Personal H2S gas Detectors

10 No H2S Related Requirement Personal H2S gas Detectors
Detection Review if SO2 detectors required
Emergency Emergency Response Plan in place & Muster Points assigned.

11
Response Emergency Drills defined & register of them conducted.
Version : 6.0
Execute Stage
Demonstrate SIMOPS session with
12 SIMOPS No H2S Related Requirement Confirm Operations advised of SIMOPS
Operations
Flare Line Length Confirm Flare length line length as per
Confirm Flare length line length as per
13 & Well Test No H2S Related Requirement planned Confirm Zoning in place in line
planned.
Flaring Zones with required sizes
H2S Inhibitors &
14 Confirm in place as per Section 8.3
Scavengers
Non Routine
15 Activities on Sour No H2S Related Requirement Have the actions from required review / ALARP demonstration been closed out?
Wells
Blue beacons for toxic gas (H2S), Blue beacons for toxic gas (H2S),
Beacons and Amber beacons for flammable gas
16 Amber beacons for flammable gas, Amber beacons for flammable gas,
Alarms Red beacons for fire
Red beacons for fire. Red beacons for fire.
H2S warning signs, H2S warning signs,
Windsocks, Windsocks,
17 General Issues No H2S Related Requirement
Barriers to prevent public entry, Barriers to prevent public entry,
Car parking areas upwind of flares. Car parking areas upwind of flares.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
13 Appendix 2 SIMOPS Checklist

The SIMOPS review should be based on, but not limited to the following checklist.
Hazards Identification
Hazard Source
Facility Sour DWI operations SIMOPS Interfaces to be defined
H1 Sour Gas release H2S/SO2 Sour Gas release H2S/SO2
H2 Flame Out Flame Out
H3 Mechanical Impact
Risk Mitigation Control Measures
Mitigation Source
M1 Classification and Zoning Classification and Zoning
M2 Equipment and Materials Equipment and Materials
M3 Fixed H2S / SO2 Detection Fixed H2S / SO2 Detection
M4 Remote Detection and Alarms Remote Detection and Alarms
M5 Alarms Alarms
M6 Personal H2S detection Personal H2S detection
M7 Training Training
M8 RPE provided RPE provided
M9 Wind Socks Wind Socks
M10 PTW PTW
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
M11 MOPO MOPO

M12 H2S Warning Signs H2S Warning Signs
M13 The Buddy System
M14 Work procedures Work procedures
M15 Roles and responsibilities Roles and responsibilities
M16 SIMOPS meetings SIMOPS meetings
Communications and Communications and
M17
equipment equipment
Special precautions for Special precautions for
M18
working downwind working downwind
M19 Well Control Barriers
Mud program and kick
M20
detection
Monitoring for H2S
M21 contamination of the drilling
fluid
M22 BOP Manifold
M23
Recovery Preparedness Measures
Recovery Source
Emergency Planning Zones Emergency Planning Zones
R1
(EPZ) (EPZ)
R2 EPZ map EPZ map
R3 Access to location Access to location
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
R4 Evacuation Evacuation
R5 Sheltering Sheltering
R6 Roadblocks Roadblocks
R7 Sulphur Dioxide Sulphur Dioxide
R8 First Aid and Rescue First Aid and Rescue
R9 Drills Drills
R10 Action Plan Action Plan
R11 Well Control Well Control
R12 Audit Audit
R13 Ignition Assessment
R14 Ignition criteria
R15 Ignition decision
R16 Ignition procedures
R17 Blowout Contingency
R18
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
14 Appendix 3 Cascade Locations

Table 14-1 Cascade Locations per DWI Activity
Work Unit Type Cascade Manifold Distribution
Location Capacity Quantity
(Person)
Rig Rig Floor 5 2 (opp sides of
Drill floor)
Mud Tank 5 1
ShaleShaker 5 1
Choke Manifold 5 1
Derrick 3 1
Mixing cementing area 3 1
Well Testing Unit / Frac Wellhead 5 1
/ SMS
Choke Manifold 5 1
Separator 5 1 (NA for Frac)
Bleed-off Line 3 1
CTU 3 1
Other As per CSV / Site -
Requirement
WPH Cellar 5 1
Rig Floor 5 1
Circulation Tank 3 1
Requirement
HWO Unit Basket 5 1
Window 5 1
Cellar 5 1
Choke Manifold 5 1
Pump Unit 3 1
Requirement
CTU Wellhead 5 1
Bleed-off line 3 1
Near CTU Cabin 5 1
Near Pump unit 3 1
Requirement
NCP Well head 5 1
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Near Cabin 5 1
Requirement
Wireline & Slickline Wellhead 5 1
Near Cabin 5 1
Requirement
Total breathing air capacity is sufficient to support 7 persons to work for 2.5 Hrs without recharging.
Total quantity of manifolds provided with Cascade system callout is 7 (5 x 5-Man and 2 x 3-Man)
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15 Appendix 4 Fire & Gas System Locations

This Appendix provides the location / numbers of where elements of the Fire & Gas Detections
system (such as detectors and beacons) shall be located, for the various drilling and well
intervention units.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15.1 General F&G Requirements

The requirements found in Table 15-1 below are applicable to all drilling and well intervention units.
Table 15-1 General F&G Requirements
Detector Type Alarm Set Points Siren / Beacon Function test
Daily for DWI-3
Audible - Intermittent alarm
H2S Fixed / Portable 10ppm Every 7 Days for DWI-1 & 2, or as per OEM
Visual - Blue beacon
requirements if more stringent.
H2S Personal 10ppm Individual unit audible alarm / flashing light. As per OEM requirements.
Audible - Intermittent alarm Every 7 Days, or as per OEM requirements if

SO2 Fixed / Portable 1ppm
Visual - Blue beacon more stringent.
SO2 Personal 1ppm Individual unit audible alarm / flashing light. As per OEM requirements.
Audible - Continuous tone alarm Every 14 days or as per OEM requirements if

Flammable 40% LFL
Visual - Amber beacon more stringent.
Fire /smoke detectors Audible - Continuous tone alarm Every 14 days or as per OEM requirements if
Fire
alarm points - factory set Visual - Red beacon more stringent.
Gas Detection and Alarming equipment should be serviced, maintained, calibrated (if required) and tested as recommended by the
OEM.
General If a calibration frequency is not specified by the OEM, the sensors elements shall be calibrated at a minimum every 14 days.
All permanent and temporary detection systems shall be tied into a 1 hour UPS backup.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15.2 Drilling Rig F & G Requirements

The requirements found in Table 15-2 below are applicable for Drilling Rigs, based on the DWI Classification of the well that is being visited.
Table 15-2 Drilling Rig F&G Requirements
F&G System DWI-1 DWI-2 DWI-3
Aspect
H2S Detection is required. Sensors located at:

1. Bell Nipple
2. Mud return line receiver tank
3. Drillfloor
4. Well control fluid pit area
H2S Fixed Detectors
5. Living quarters if located in close proximity to the well
6. Cellar
7. Vacuum Degasser
8. All other areas where H2S may accumulate that are not part
of confined space entry program.
H2S Detection is required.
Either fixed or 3rd party provided.
Additional independent H2S Detection is required. Sensors
Locate where leak is most likely.
located at:
As per DWI-1
Sensors located at:
Non Flaring
1. Drill Floor
1. 2 x sensors at most likely location of H2S release (i.e. drillfloor
2. Substructure
/ substructure).
2. Production or manned asset located within Rig Drilling EPZ
3rd Party Provided provide 5 x sensors between well area and asset. (50m from
H2S Detectors wellpad and 25m separation from each sensor).
Flaring - As above +
3. Provide 3 x sensors between the wellpad and the flare pit
(ideally 25m from pit, 25m apart).
4. Provide 4 x sensors on far side of flare pit in direction of any
receptors (ideally 50m from pit, 25m apart, in 90 deg arc). If
more than one receptor, the number of detectors and location
should be increased appropriately.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

Aspect
SO2 Detection Not Required As per DWI-1 Review if SO2 detection required, if so, provide fixed or portable
Fixed LFL Detection is required with

sensors located at:
Flammable Gas
As DWI-1 As DWI-1
Detection 1. Bell Nipple
3. Engine Intakes
Personal H2S Gas
Not Required Provided per person As DWI-2
Detectors
Review SIMOPS to
Personal SO2
Not Required determine if personal SO2 As DWI-2
Detectors
detectors required
1. Mud return line receiver
H2S in Mud
Not Required tank and /or shale shaker As DWI-2
Analysers
(header tank).
HC in Mud Analysers Not Required Not Required 1. Mud return line receiver tank
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

Aspect
The Toxic / Flammable / Fire beacon &

alarm warnings need to be audible and
visible from all areas of the location
including internal and external work
spaces.
Suggested locations of audible and
visual warning alarms are: As DWI-1
Beacons and Alarms 1. Driller’s console As DWI-1 For Toxic alarms review if signals should be relayed to the
2. Engine / VFD Room facility if it is within requirements of Section 11, SP-1190-2.
3. Mud pit area
4. Rig Minicamp
5. Above doghouse
6. Above SCRs
7. DD cabin
8. Mudloggers cabin
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15.3 Hoist F & G Requirements

The requirements found in Table 15-3 below are applicable for Hoists, based on the DWI Classification of the well that is being visited.
Table 15-3 Hoist F&G Requirements
F&G System Aspect DWI-1 DWI-2 DWI-3
H2S Fixed Detectors As per DWI-1

located at:
H2S Detection is required. Non-Flaring

Either fixed or 3rd party provided 1. 2 x sensors at most likely location of H2S release (i.e. hoist
Locate where leak is most likely. floor / substructure).
2. Production or at-risk asset located within Hoist EPZ provide 5
Sensors located at: As DWI-1 x sensors between well area and asset. (50m from Wellpad and
3rd Party Portable
1. Hoist Floor 25m separation from each sensor).
H2S Detectors
2. Wellhead Area
3. Bell Nipple or Circulating Tank Flaring - As above +
(if using shorty head) 3. Provide 3 x sensors between the wellpad and the flare pit
(ideally 25m from pit, 25m apart)
SO2 Detection Not Required As DWI-1 Review if SO2 detection required, if so, provide fixed or portable.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Fixed LFL Detection is required

with sensors located at:
1. Hoist Floor
Flammable Gas
2. Wellhead Area As DWI-1 As DWI-1
Detection
3. Bell Nipple or Circulating Tank
(if using shorty head)
4. Engine Intakes
Personal H2S Gas

Detectors
Review SIMOPS to
Personal SO2
Detectors
detectors required
The Toxic / Flammable / Fire

beacon & alarm warnings need to
be audible and visible from all
areas of the location including
internal and external work spaces.
As DWI-1
Beacons and Alarms Suggested locations of audible As DWI-1 For Toxic alarms review if signals should be relayed to the
and visual warning alarms are: facility if it is within requirements of Section 11, SP-1190-2.
1. Hoist Carrier (with line of sight
for pump operator and driller)
2. Hoist Minicamp
3. Operator's console (if
doghouse installed)
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15.4 Hydraulic Work Over Unit (HWOU) F & G Requirements

The requirements found in Table 15-4 below are applicable for HWOUs, based on the DWI Classification of the well that is being visited.
Table 15-4 HWOU F&G Requirements

1. Work Basket
H2S Fixed Detector 2. Work Window
Sensor Locations 3. Cellar
4. Bleed-off Line
5. Mixing Tank
H2S Detection is required. Either Additional independent H2S Detection is required. Sensors
fixed or 3rd party provided located at:
Locate where leak is most likely,
and people are working to give Non-Flaring
early warning. 1. 2 x sensors at most likely location of H2S release (i.e. HWOU
As DWI-1
floor / substructure / work window or work basket).
Sensors located at: 2. Production or at-risk asset located within HWOU EPZ provide
1. Work Basket 5 x sensors between well area and asset. (50m from Wellpad
3rd Party Portable 2. Work Window and 25m separation from each sensor).
H2S Detectors 3. Bleed-off Line
Flaring - As above +
3. Provide 3 x sensors between the wellpad and the flare pit
(ideally 25m from pit, 25m apart).
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

1. Work Basket
Flammable Gas 2. Work Window
As DWI-1 As DWI-1
Detection 3. Cellar
4. Bleed-off Line
5. Mixing Tank
6. Engine Intakes
Personal H2S Gas

Not Required Provided per person. As DWI-2
Detectors
Review SIMOPS to
Personal SO2
Detectors
detectors required.
As DWI-1
Beacons and Alarms As DWI-1 For Toxic alarms, review if signals should be relayed to the
facility if it is within requirements of Section 11, SP-1190-2.
Suggested locations of audible
and visual warning alarms are:
1. Work Basket
2. By TP Office
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15.5 Slick Line / E-Line / Flow Back Loop F & G Requirements

The requirements found in Table 15-5 below are applicable for SL EL FBL, based on the DWI Classification of the well that is being visited.
Table 15-5 SL EL FBL F&G Requirements

H2S Fixed Detector
Sensors located at:
Sensor Locations H2S Detection is required.
1. Wellhead
Either fixed or 3rd party
provided.
Locate where leak is most Additional independent H2S Detection is required. Sensors
likely, and people are located at:
H2S Detection is required. Either
working to give early
fixed or 3rd party provided Non-Flaring
warning.
Locate where leak is most likely, 1. 2 x sensors at most likely location of H2S release (i.e.
and people are working to give Wellhead / Bleed-Off Line).
Sensors located at:
early warning. 2. Production or at-risk asset located within Unit EPZ provide 5 x
1. Wellhead
2. (2 detectors) 10m from the sensors between well area and asset. (50m from Wellpad and
3rd Party Portable Sensors located at:
bleed off line (1 detector 25m separation from each sensor).
H2S Detectors 1. Wellhead
between unit and bleed-off,
and Flaring - As above +
1 detector between bleed-off 3. Provide 3 x sensors between the wellpad and the flare pit
and any other receptor, such (ideally 25m from pit, 25m apart).
as facility). 4. Provide 4 x sensors on far side of flare pit in direction of any
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

1. Wellhead
2. Engine Intakes
Flammable Gas If Flaring then - As above + This requirement is met by provision of toxic gas detection, as
As DWI-1
Detection Provide 3 x sensors between the noted above.
wellpad and the flare pit (ideally
25m from pit, 25m apart)
1 detector between pit (RV line &
Flare line) and any other receptor,
such as facility, pad etc.
Personal H2S Gas
Detectors
Review SIMOPS to
Personal SO2
Detectors
detectors required

As DWI-1
Beacons and Alarms As DWI-1 For Toxic alarms review if signals should be relayed to the
facility if it is within requirements of Section 11, SP-1190-2.
Suggested locations of audible
and visual warning alarms are:
1. 10m from CWI Unit (SL/ EL) or
on office roof (FBL).
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
15.6 Hydraulic Fracturing / CTU & Stimulation / Concentric CT & Pumping Unit / Welltest F & G Requirements
The requirements found in Table 15-5 below are applicable for Frac / CTU / Stim / WT, based on the DWI Classification of the well that is being visited.
Table 15-6 Frac / CTU / Stim / WT F&G Requirements
H2S Fixed Detector
AS DWI-2
Sensor Locations
H2S Detection is required. located at:
Provided by 3rd party
Locate where leak is most Non-Flaring
likely, and people are 1. A For FRAC - 2 x sensors at most likely location of H2S
working to give early release (i.e. Xmas Tree /Choke Manifold).
warning. 1. B For Well Test - 3 x sensors at most likely location of H2S
release (i.e. Xmas Tree /Choke Manifold / Separator).
Not Required Sensors located at: 2. Production or at-risk asset located within Unit EPZ provide 5 x
3rd Party Portable
1. Xmas Tree sensors between well area and asset (50m from Wellpad and
H2S Detectors
2. Separator 25m separation from each sensor).
3. Choke Manifold
4. Halfway between flare pit Flaring - As above +
and well pad - use wireless 3. Provide 3 x sensors between the wellpad and the flare pit
H2S detectors 100 m away (ideally 25m from pit, 25m apart).
from flare pit towards station 4. Provide 4 x sensors on far side of flare pit in direction of any
or any working units if within receptors (ideally 50m from pit, 25m apart, in 90 deg arc). If
the SPZ. more than one receptor, the number of detectors and location
SO2 Detection Not Required As per DWI-1 Review if SO2 detection required, if so, provide fixed or portable
Flammable Gas Gas check is made pre-Rig-Up, Not required Not required
Detection but not continuously monitoring.
Personal H2S Gas Can be checked at any time
Provided per person As DWI-2
Detectors during the intervention
Personal SO2
Not Required Not required Not required
detectors
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
The Toxic alarm warnings

need to be audible and
visible from all areas of the
location including internal
and external work spaces.
Beacons and Alarms Not Required Suggested locations of As DWI-2

audible and visual warning
alarms are:
1. On top of third-party cabin
(H2S Contractor) near the
location entrance.
2. On top of office cabin.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
16 Appendix 5 SIMOPS SOP
Page 62 SP-1190-2 H2S & SO2 Management – Drilling & Well Printed 18/08/21
Intervention
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
Number of People Involved 12 to 20  Target Cycle Time Ongoing
This SOP becomes applicable for any activities in Production / Drilling / Intervention EPZ (Assets and Wells)
Special Requirements Procedure Overview Instructions and Explanations
MAF MANAGED
At this stage the SIMOPS 1. Establish SIMOPS 1.1 ONPX3, OSP(G)X3, GGPX3 to
Organisation is led by ONPX3, or Organisation. establish an appropriate e-mail
OSP(G)X3, or GGPX3. group for the Cluster SIMOPS
SIMOPS Critical Roles within the organisation
Cycle Time: 3 business
Cluster to be agreed. 1.2 Typically, this will include
days
representatives from:
OXP(G)X (Asset Wells)
This is the Cluster SIMOPS UWO (Wells – MAF & Site DSV)
Organisation. CWI (Well Intervention) (as
required)
This Cluster SIMOPS OXO5 (Planning)
Organisation will be live, as XXO5
activities change, and roles added XEM (exploration, as required)
/ removed.
OXE
(Reference Indicators are Cluster OXO
/ Asset specific – this applies to
PDNX4
the all SOP steps)
UIE3X
GGPN
Etc.
ONPX3, OSP(G)X3, GGPX3 2. SIMOPS Organisation 2.1 SIMOPS meeting established
calls for meeting to discuss review hazards and 2nd week of the month.
activity in the Cluster. activities for SIMOPS. 2.2 Note prerequisites of TEZ, SPZ
SIMOPS Organisation review & EPZ, MOPO.
the Integrated Activity Plan / 2.3 Discuss the Hazards associated
Cycle Time: 1 business day
individual plans to discuss with the Cluster (Cluster may
SIMOPS. develop a standard list)
2.4 Discuss the Wells, Project,
Operations activities with a 90
day look ahead, to optimise
and prioritise the schedule wrt
SIMOPS
2.5 Identify clashes and negotiate
out SIMOPS where practicable.
(see step 3)
2.6 Where SIMOPS remains (see
step 4)
2.7 ONPX3, OSP(G)X3, GGPX3 team
sends minutes of meeting via
e-mail
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

Amend appropriate schedules 3. Amend schedule 3.1 Relevant Parties amend
changes where schedules as appropriate,
OXO5.
practicable & re-issue to 3.2 ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX, XEM
ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX, XEM SIMOPS Organisation, Re-issue to SIMOPS
Organisation
Confirm to other SIMOPS Cycle Time: 2 business
Organisation parties days
Where SIMOPS cannot be avoided 4. Identify control & 4.1 ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX, XEM
by schedule, determine if formally mitigation measures to arranges SIMOPS Control
documented SIMOPS is required in Review Meeting - Planning and
line with SP-1190-2 (Section10), if Cycle Time 5 business Design Well Engineering to be
so this to be in place 1 month prior days typical at the review
to activity.
4.2 Identify the Controls and
schedule required.
ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX, XEM 4.3 ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX, XEM
to arrange a review session to to provide details within WPT/
discuss the controls for SIMOPS WSSAM.
Bridging documentation.
4.4 Controls to be in place prior to
mobilisation.
4.5 If possible SIMOPS Schedule
to be in SAP
ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX, XEM 5. Weekly Look Ahead & 5.1 Weekly SIMOPS Look Ahead
sends a meeting invite to SIMOPS Ensure Controls in place meeting conducted
Organisation (Skype preferable) For
Cycle Time 1 business 5.2 Confirm Controls required in
Weekly SIMOPS Review Meeting.
days typical place
5.3 Confirm SIMOPS reflected in
Identified controls to be reviewed. SAP
5.4 Identify any missing controls
5.5 Action as required
5.6 Determine if activities may
continue?
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

SITE MANAGED
Production Supervisor maintains 6. Re-Confirm site 6.1 The Production Supervisor
the OSBL e-log book register SIMOPS Organisation. maintains the OSBL e-Log Book
Register, which provides
contact details for those
This forms the basis of the SIMOPS Cycle Time: 1 business conducting as activities in the
Organisation; which will consist of: days OSBL. (OSBL Activity Owners)
Asset:
• Asset Production
Coordinator
• Production Supervisor
• Maintenance Coordinator
OSBL Activity Owners
• DSV for respective rigs
• Supervisors for CWI
• PDX4, GG4
• ONPX, OSP(G)X, GGPX,
XEM
• Wellhead maintenance
CWI
• Security UICX
• UIE3X
• Etc.
Activity Owner sends a meeting 7. Arrange SIMOPS 7.1 SIMOPS Meeting established
invite to Control Room Operator, Meeting. with SIMOPS Organisation.
Production Supervisor for SIMOPS.
7.2 Relevant SIMOPS Documents
to be available.
Cycle Time: 1 business
Production Supervisor contacts days
SIMOPS Organisation for a
SIMOPS Meeting (Skype)
Identify the controls required and 8. Identify control & 8.1 Weekly SIMOPS Meeting
confirm in place. mitigation measures Conducted
Comply requirements of SP-1190- Cycle Time 5 business 8.2 Meeting to address items as
2/4/5. day typical per Note 1, (end of this SOP)
Cross check bridging document 8.3 Ensure Compliance with
requirements of SP-1190-2,
SP-1190-4, SP-1190-5
8.4 Where practicable / necessary
exclude persons from the
area.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20

The OSBL activity owner shall 9. Formal Communication 9.1 OSBL Activity owner contacts
provide Formal Communication from OSBL activity owner. Production Supervisor via
with the SIMOPS Organisation
when: Cycle Time: 1 business • Landline or,
day • Radio.
• Flaring 9.2 Follow up e-mail is provided to
• Drilling into hydrocarbon confirm details.
section 9.3 Production Supervisor
• Emergency Response discusses with Production
Readiness Exercises Coordinator and appropriate
• Road Closures actions taken.
For the above activities 24 hours’

notice shall be provided by the
OSBL activity owner to the SIMOPS
Organisation.
Asset Production Coordinator or 10. Ad Hoc 10.1 If considered necessary,

Activity Owners initiate Communication. communication between the
communication for any SIMOPS OSBL Activity owners and the
issues. Cycle Time: 1 business Asset Production Coordinator
day can be established on a day to
day basis, using Skype. .
✓ Pre-Checks
Things to Do Before Starting the Process
☐ Check that the SIMOPS Organisation for the Asset / Wells / Project parties is defined. If not, define as first step.
☐ Check availability of the Tools and Materials 
☐ Check availability of SIMOPS Organisation
☐ Confirm that the OSBL Log Book is maintained current, such that the weekly SIMOPS Organisation for the
session has the appropriate attendees.
Version: 6.0
Effective: Sep 20
 Tools and Materials Step

Things You Need Before Starting the Process
☐ SP-1190-2, 3, 4, 5 4, 8
☐ SOP EPZ, TEZ/SPZ 2, 5
☐ MOPO 2, 5
☐ Operational EPZ Map 2,5,7,8
☐ Specific Well EPZ (Drilling or Operational) 2,5,7,8
☐ Specific Well Flaring TEZ / SPZ 2,5,7,8
☐ WPT 2, 8
☐ WSSAM 2, 8
☐ Project Schedules 2, 8
☐ Integrated Activity Plan (OXO5) 2, 5, 8
People 
Who Is Required to Be Notified
☐ SIMOPS Organisation
☐ Respective DTLs
☐ Impacted Facilities / Camps
☐ Relevant Production Supervisors
 Key Learnings; Performance Points 
What Have We Learned That We Should Share
SIMOPS Controls will be identified and enhanced awareness of SIMOPS hazards / communications
Impact of the SIMOPS on the assets and the H2S Management Controls required
Note 1. The Weekly SIMOPS Meeting should address the items below:
• Review of proposed flaring activities, and their TEZ/ SPZ
• Review of proposed Drilling / CDI flaring activities, and their EPZs
• Review of numbers of persons in the area and their activities / locations / contacts
• Review of the potential clashes / hazards based on the MOPO, including timescale
• Determine and note what controls are required, based on SP-1190 requirements
• Determine and note what controls are outstanding, based on SP-1190 requirements
• Plan a way to resolve any shortcomings, including schedule changes.
• Review of the access roads, wrt SIMOPS.

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Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.: H S & So Management Drilling and Well Intervention

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Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.: H S & So Management Drilling and Well Intervention

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Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

H2S & SO2 Management

Document Type Specification

Discipline Technical Safety Engineering

Owner MSE/4 – CFDH Technical Safety Engineering

Issue Date September 2020

This page was intentionally left blank

Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

iii Extent of Business Impact

iv CMF Impacted documents

Directly Impacted CMF Document Links

v Standard Development and Timescale

1190- 1 The Basics, Classification and Sour Contracts

Drilling and Well Intervention H2S Sections

DWI-2 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

DWI-3 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

6.5.1 Escape RPE ................................................................................................................. 22

9.4 Different types of portable RPE ..................................................................................................... 34

1.2 General Definitions

Production EPZ – Calculated with Absolute Open Flow Potential (AOFP)

2 Background - H2S Facilities and Classification for Producing Wells

3 Drilling and Well Intervention (DWI) H2S Classification

Figure 3-1 Drilling and Well Intervention Classification

3.2 General Information

3.2.1 Well Panning Tool (WPT) Required Data

3.2.2 Well Services Activity Manager (WSAM) Required Data

3.3 Sampling Requirements for Wells

4 Managing the H2S Risk for Wells Activities to ALARP

4.1 Non-Routine Activities on Wells where H2S is present

5 DWI- 1 - Site Requirements

5.1 DWI-1 H2S Training, Site Induction and Visitors

5.2 DWI-1 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

5.3 DWI-1 Respiratory Protective Equipment for Rescue

5.4 DWI-1 Gas Detection

5.5 DWI-1 Emergency Response

5.6 DWI-1 General

6 DWI-2 - Site Requirements

6.1 DWI-2 H2S Training and Site Induction

6.2 DWI-2 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

6.3 DWI-2 Ignition System

6.4 Managing Numbers of Personnel at Site (POB)

6.5 DWI-2 Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements

6.5.1 Escape RPE

6.5.2 Rescue RPE

6.5.3 Cascade Air Systems

6.6 DWI-2 Gas detection

6.6.1 Fixed / Portable Detection

6.6.2 Personal Detection

6.7 DWI-2 Emergency Response Plan

6.8 DWI-2 General Requirements

7 DWI-3 Well Site Requirements

7.1 DWI-3 H2S Training and Site Induction

7.3 DWI-3 Ignition System

Assess if ignition device required

Manned or partially manned

Yes “At-risk” as sets are: “sweet” manned or partially manned

Responsible Party: Responsible Party:

Figure 7-1 Well Site Ignition

7.4 Managing Numbers of Personnel at Site (POB)