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Experiment 2 555 Timers Overview of This Session

The document describes an experiment using a 555 timer chip to generate pulse trains. It discusses using the chip in monostable and astable modes. In monostable mode, a single output pulse of a specified width is created, while in astable mode a repeating pulse train of specified frequency and duty cycle is produced. The document provides instructions to build circuits using the 555 timer in each mode and make measurements using an oscilloscope to analyze the output pulses and calculate component values needed to achieve desired timing characteristics.

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Jazmyn Joyce Del Mundo
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52 views7 pages

Experiment 2 555 Timers Overview of This Session

The document describes an experiment using a 555 timer chip to generate pulse trains. It discusses using the chip in monostable and astable modes. In monostable mode, a single output pulse of a specified width is created, while in astable mode a repeating pulse train of specified frequency and duty cycle is produced. The document provides instructions to build circuits using the 555 timer in each mode and make measurements using an oscilloscope to analyze the output pulses and calculate component values needed to achieve desired timing characteristics.

Uploaded by

Jazmyn Joyce Del Mundo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 2 555 timers

Overview of this Session

In this laboratory, you will learn:


• To continue to use an oscilloscope
• How to generate a pulse train with a 555 timer

Introduction

• Simulate the 555 timer IC using either tinkercad or multisim live.

Background

The 555 timer can be used in a variety of forms. The monostable mode will create a
single pulse of a specified width. Astable mode will create a repeating pulse train of
specified frequency and duty cycle.

The chip is presented here:

Note: The pins are not presented in order in the diagram on the right. This is to keep
schematics easier to read.
Oscilloscope Measurements

6.1 Connect the signal from the function generator to the oscilloscope and
determine the type of signal present, the frequency, amplitude, and the DC
offset.

Part I: Monostable Operation

Build this circuit

td - TIME DELAY

The button is used to create a negative pulse to trigger the circuit. Once this button is
pressed the 555 will start to charge the capacitor and the light should turn on. Once
the capacitor reaches a threshold level (2/3 of Vcc), the 555 discharges the capacitor
(through is discharge pin) and the light turns off.

Use the chart at the right to determine values for R and C to get a pulse that is 0.5
seconds in length

6.2 What values of R and C did you use?


6.3 Use the scope to measure to voltage on capacitor C. What voltage does the
capacitor get to when the light turns off?
Increase the Vcc voltage to 9 volts.
6.4 What happens to the length of the output pulse? Why?
PART II: Astable Operation
Build this circuit

This 555 is set up in an astable mode. The 555 is triggered on its own. To figure out the values
for Ra, Rb, and C you can use the chart on the right or the following equations:
The charge time (output high) is given by:
t1 = 0.693 (RA +RB )C
And the discharge time (output low) by:
t2 = 0.693 (RB )C
Thus the total period is:
T =t1 +t2 = 0.693 (RA +2RB )C
The frequency of the waveform is given by:

The duty cycle (ratio of low time to entire period) may be determined from the
following equation:

6.5 Use these formulas and chart to design a circuit that will provide a waveform with a
frequency of 1KHz with a duty cycle of 25%. You may have to arbitrarily choose
some of the values based on availability.
6.6 Is it possible to create a symmetric square wave with this circuit (50% duty
cycle)?
6.7 What happens to the frequency of the waveform if Vcc is increased?
6.8 Find values for Ra, Rb, and C to create a waveform with a period of 1 second.

Lab 6 Data sheets


LM555
Timer
General Description Features
The LM555 is a highly stable device for generating accurate time ■ Direct replacement for SE555/NE555
delays or oscillation. Additional terminals are provided for
■ Timing from microseconds through hours
triggering or resetting if desired. In the time delay mode of
■ Operates in both astable and monostable modes
operation, the time is precisely controlled by one external re- sistor
and capacitor. For astable operation as an oscillator, the free ■ Adjustable duty cycle
running frequency and duty cycle are accurately controlled with two ■ Output can source or sink 200 mA
external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and ■ Output and supply TTL compatible
reset on falling waveforms, and the output circuit can source or ■ Temperature stability better than 0.005% per C
sink up to 200mA or drive TTL circuits. ■ Normally on and normally off output
■ Available in 8-pin MSOP package

Applications
■ Precision timing
■ Pulse generation
■ Sequential timing
■ Time delay generation
■ Pulse width modulation
■ Pulse position modulation
■ Linear ramp generator
6.1 Draw the waveform shown on the oscilloscope. What is the name of this
waveform? What is the amplitude, frequency, and DC offset? Show all your
calculations. Take a screenshot and upload.

6.2 R=1 Mega-ohm C=0.455 micro-farad


Since Time Delay=0.5 s, and based on the graph, we used the resistance for R of
1 Mega-ohm, therefore, we obtain C by:

TD=1.1RC
C=TD/1.1R
C=0.5/(1.1)(1x106)
C=0.455 micro-farads

6.3 Voltage on Cap when light turns off:

Based on the graph, the Capacitor (C) produces a maximum voltage of 3.333 V when
before the light turns off.

6.4 Describe change in output pulse length. Why is(n't) there a change?
6.5 Ra= Rb= C=

6.6 How can you make a symmetric (50%) duty cycle?

6.7 If Vcc affect frequency? If so, how? If not, why not?

6.8 Ra= Rb= C=

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