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GUIDE FOR FUTURE

English Lecture

Topic: Affirmative/Negative
Agreement
Number
Gender

LECTURE 11

NAME:
BATCH:
DATE:
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GRAMMAR PART
Affirmative Agreement
When indicating that one person or thing does something and then adding that another person does the same, use the
word so or too. To avoid needless repetition of words from the affirmative statement, use the conjunction and,
followed by a simple statement using so or too. The order of the statement will depend on whether so or too is used.

 When a form of the verb be is used in the main clause.

subject + verb ( be ) +too

Affirmative statement (be) + and + { so+ verb ( be ) + subject }
I am happy, and you are too.
I am happy, and so are you.

 When a compound verb (auxiliary + verb) is used in the simple statement.

subject + auxiliary only+ too

Affirmative statement + and +
(Compound verb)
{ so+ auxiliary only+ subject }

They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
They will work in the lab tomorrow and so will you.

 When any verb except be appears without any auxiliaries in the main clause.

subject + auxiliary only+ too

Affirmative statement + and +
(Single verb except be)
{ so+ auxiliary only+ subject }

Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.

Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.

Self-test
Our Spanish teacher loves to travel, and so ___________ we.
They will leave at noon, and I __________ too.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we__________________/___________________.
He has seen her plays, and ______________________ the girl /______________________.
I must write them a letter and __________________/____________________ she.

Negative Agreement
Either and neither function in simple statement s much like so and too in infinitive sentences. However, either and
neither are used to indicate negative agreement.

subject +negative auxiliary∨be+eit h er

Negative statement + and + { neit h er + positive auxiliary∨be+ subject }
I didn’t see Mary this morning. John didn’t see Mary this morning.
I didn’t see Mary this morning, and John didn’t either.
I didn’t see Mary this morning, and neither did John.

Self-test
We can’t study in the library, and they ____________ either.
I haven’t worked there long, and neither ___________ you.
Your class hasn’t begun yet, and neither ____________ mine.
The students won’t accept the dean’s decision and the faculty __________________.

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He didn’t know the answer, and neither ______________.

Exercise
1. MY friend doesn’t like fish and _____. (SB O Cash ‘14)
(a) neither I do b) neither do I c) I do d) I do either
2. A female leopard is an extremely good hunter, and _____. (SB PO ‘16)
(a) a lioness is b) so is a lioness c) does a lioness d) so be a lioness
3. Just as there are occupations that require college degrees, ____ occupations for which technical trainings are
necessary. (IBA MBA Dec ‘12)
a) so to there are b) so also there are
c) so there are d) so too are there e) None of these
4. She is worried about his health and also me. (UB PO ‘09)
a) also is me b) are also me c) so am I
d) so also me e) No correction
5. Mrs. Rita lives by teaching in a primary school, ____ as he servers in a government organization. (DB MTO ‘11)
a) so is her brother b) but her brother c) though does not her brother
d) so does her brother e) None of these

6. He does not laugh, nor he smiles. [SSC CGL Exam 2015]

(a) nor he does smile
(b) neither he does smile
(c) nor does he smile
(d) No improvement
_Answers_
1. b 2. b 3. c 4. c 5. d 6. c

Singular/ Plural Noun

Singular number-কে plural number করারনিয়ম:

1. সাধারণত ‍Singular noun এরশেষে ‘S’ যোগকরে Plural করাহয়। যেমন:

Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Pen (কলম) Pens Boy (বালক) Boys
Book (বই) Books Girl (বালিকা) Girls
Dog (কুকুর) Dogs House (ঘর) Houses

2. Singular noun- এরশেষে ‍s, ss, sh, ch (চ, স, শ-এর মতো উচ্চারণ), x ও z থাকলে তার শেষে es যোগকরে plural করা হয় ।
যেমন:
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Bus (বাস) Buses Box (বালক) Boxes
Dish (থালা) Dishes Fez (ফেজটু পি) Fezes
Granch (শাখা) Branches Ass (গাধা) Asses
Glass (গ্লাস) Glasses
ব্যতিক্রম: Ch-এর উচ্চারণ ’ক’ – এর মত হলে ‍Singular Noun – এরশেষে s যোগকরে plural করতেহয় । যেমন:

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Monarch (সম্রাট) Monarchs Patriarch (পরিবারের প্রধান Patriarchs
পুরুষ)

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Stomach (পাকস্থলী) Stomachs Matriarch (পরিবারের প্রধান Matriarchs
মহিলা)

3. Singular Noun – এরশেষে ‘y’ থাকলে এবং সে ‘y’- এরপূর্বে Consonant থাকলে ’y’ এরস্থলে ‘i’ হয় এবং তারপর es যোগকরে
Plural করতে হয় । যেমন :
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Baby (শিশু) Babies Fly (মাছি) Flies
Story (গল্প) Stories City (শহর) Cities
Army (সৈন্যদল) Armies

Note: y- এর পূর্বে Vowel থাকলে y –এর কোনো পরিবর্ত ন হয় না । শুধুমাত্র s যোগকরে Plural করতেহয় । যেমন-

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Toy (খেলনা) Toys Day (দিন) Days
Boy (বালক) Boys Play (নাটক) Plays
Monkey (বানর) Monkeys

4. Singular noun – এরশেষে ’f’ বা ‘fe’ থাকলে Plural করারসময় f বা fe – এর স্থলে v বসে এবং তারপর es যোগকরতে হয় ।
যেমন :
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Leaf (পাতা) Leaves Wife (স্ত্রী) Wives
Loaf (রুটি) Loaves Knife (ছু রি) Knives
কিন্তু Singular Noun – এর শেষে যদি ief, if, off, rf বা eef খাকে, তবে Plural করার সময় শুধু s যোগ করতে হয় । যেমন :-
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Roof (ছাদ) Roofs Cliff (চূ ড়া) Cliffs
Chief (প্রধান) Chiefs Reef (পাহাড়শ্রেণি) Reefs
Note: Hoof, scarf, Wharf ইত্যাদি কতগুলো Noun কে s বা des যেকোনো একটি যোগ করে Plural করা যায় । যেমন:
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Hoof (খুর) Hoofs/Hooves Wharf (জেটি) Wharves
Scarf (ওড়না) Scarfs/Scarves Staff (লাঠি/কর্মীবৃন্দ) Staffs/Staves

5. singular noun –এরশেষে O থাকলে এবং O –এর পূর্বে একটি Consonant থাকলে es যোগকরে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:-
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Potato (আলূ) Potatoes Hero (বীর) Heroes
Mango (আম) Mangoes Tomato (টমেটো) Toamtoes
কিন্তু o-এরপূর্বে Vowel থাকলে শুধূ s যোগ করে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Cuckoo (কোকিল) Cuckoos Studio (ষ্টুডিও) Studios
Bamboo (বাঁশ) Bamboos
ব্যতিক্রম: নিম্নলিখিত Noun গুলোর শেষে O এবং O- এরপূর্বে Consonant থাকাসত্ত্বেও শুধু s যোগকরে Plural করা হয় । যেমন :

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Photo (ছবি) Photos Radio (রেডিও) Radios
Piano (বাদ্যযন্ত্র) Pianos Mosquito (মশা) Mosquitos/Mosquitoes

6. কতগুলো Noun- এর মাঝের Vowel –এর পরিবর্ত ন করে Plural করা যায় ।যেমন:

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Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Man (মানুষ) Men Mouse (ইঁদরু ) Mice
Woman (স্ত্রীলোক) Women Louse (উকুন) Lice
Foot (পা) Feet Tooth (দাঁত) Teeth
Goose (রাজহাঁস) Geese

7. কতগুলো Noun-এরশেষে en, ren, ne যোগকরে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:

Plural Singular Plural
Singular
OX (ষাঁড়) Oxen Brother (ভাই) Brotheren
Child (শিশু) Children Cow (গাভী) Kine (cows)

8. Compound noun – এর শেষাংশ man হলে এবং তারঅর্থ মানুষ হলে man-এর পরিবর্তে men ব্যবহারকরে Plural করতে হয়
। যেমন:
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Fisherman (জেলে) Fishermen Man-of-war (যোদ্ধা) Men-of-war
Boatman (মাঝি) Boatmen Salesman (বিক্রেতা) Salesmen
Workman (শ্রমিক) Workmen
কিন্তু man –এর অর্থ মানুষ না হয়ে কেবল শব্দের অংশ হলে জাতি বা নাগরিক বোঝালে man-এরসঙ্গে s যোগকরে Plural
করতে হয় । যেমন:

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Mussalman (মুসলমান) Mussalmans German (জার্মানের Germans
অধিবাসী)
Brahman (ব্রাহ্মণ) Brahmans Norman (নরমানের Normans
অধিবাসী)

9. Compound word- এরশেষে ful থাকলে-এর শেষে s যোগ করে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Handful (একমুঠো) Handfuls Spoonful (একচামচ) Spoonfuls
Mouthful (একগাল) Mouthfuls

10.একাধিক শব্দ যোগে গঠিত Compound Noun- এর Plural করতে হলে তার প্রধান অংশের সঙ্গে s যোগ করতে হয় ।
যেমন:
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
Brother-in-law (শ্যালক) Brothers-in-law Father-in-law (শ্বশুর) Father-in-law
Commander-in-chief
Passer-by (পথিক) Passers-by Commanders-in-chief
(সেনাপ্রধান)
Step-brother (বৈমাত্রেয় ভাই/সৎ Step-brothers Maid-servant (চাকরানি) Maid-servants
ভাই)

কিন্তু কতগুলো Compound Noun –এর প্রত্যেকটি অংশকে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Lord-Justice (প্রধান Lords-Justices Woman-servant Women-servants
বিচারপতি) (চাকরানি)

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Man-servant (পুরুষচাকর) Men-servants
11.নিম্নলিখিত কত গুলো Compound Noun –এরশেষে s যোগকরে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
poet-Laureate (রাজকবি) Poet-laureates Book-case (বইয়ের খোপ) Book-cases
Major-general (মেজর Major-generals Forget-me-not (এক ধরনের Forget-me-nots
জেনারেল) ফু ল)

12.Tittle বা ডিগ্রি-এর সংক্ষিপ্ত অক্ষরের শেষে এবং Letter ও figure-এর শেষে s যোগ করে Plural করতে হয় । যেমন:
Plural Singular Plural
Singular
B.A B.A’s I i’s
M.A. M.A’s five five’s
t t’s
তবে বর্ত মানে titles, letter ও figure কে plural করতে শুধু s ব্যবহার করা হয় । Apostrophe (‘) ব্যবহার করা হয় না ।

1. What is the plural form of the word ‘louse’? [38th BCS]

a) Louses b) lice*
c) Lices d) licess

Gender
যে Word বা শব্দ দিয়ে কোনো noun বা pronoun- এর পুরুষ, স্ত্রী বা এদের উভয়কে বা অচেতন পদার্থকে (ক্লীব) বোঝায় তাকে Gender বা
লিঙ্গ বলে ।
ইংরেজিতে Gender চার প্রকার । যথা:

Gender

Masculine Feminine Common Neuter

Masculine থেকে Feminine করার নিয়ম:

1. বেশিরভাগ ক্ষেত্রে সম্পূর্ণন তু ন শব্দ ব্যবহার করে Feminine করা হয় । যেমন:

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

Boy (বালক) Girl (বালিকা) Hero (বীর/নায়ক) Heroine (নায়িকা)
Brother (ভাই) Sister (বোন) Husband (স্বামী) Wife (স্ত্রী)
Bull (বলদ) Cow (গাভী) King (রাজা) Queen (রানী)
Bridegroom (বর) Bride (কনে) Lad (বালক) Lass (বালিকা)
Buck (হরিণ) Doe (হরিণী) Lord (সম্ভ্রান্তপুরুষ) Lady (সম্ভ্রান্তমহিলা)
Bachelor (অবিবাহিত) Maid/spinster Man (পুরুষ) Woman (মহিলা)
(অবিবাহিতা)
Bullock (দামড়া বাছু র) Heifer (বকনা বাছু র) Male (পুরুষ) Female (স্ত্রীলোক)
Boar (শূকর) Sow (শূকরী) Monk (সন্ন্যাসী) Nun (সন্ন্যাসিনী)
Cock (মোরগ) Hen (মুরগি) Nephew (ভাগ্নে/ভাইপো) Niece (ভাগ্নি/ভাইঝি)
Colt (বাচ্চাঘোড়া) Filly (বাচ্চাঘোটকী) Dog (কুকুর) Bitch (কুকুরি)
Ram (ভেড়া) Ewe (ভেড়ি) Drake (পুরুষ পাতিহাঁস) Duck (পাতিহাঁস)

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Sir (মহাশয়) Madam (মহাশয়া) Drone (পুরুষ মৌমাছি) Bee (স্ত্রী মৌমাছি)
Father (বাবা/পিতা) Mother (মা/মাতা) Stag (হরিণ) Doe (হরিণী)
Fox (খেঁকশিয়াল) Vixen (খেঁক শিয়ালী) Son (পুত্র) Daughter (কন্যা)
Gentle-man (ভদ্রলোক) Gentle-woman (ভদ্র Tailor (দর্জি ) Seamstress (মহিলা
মহিলা) দর্জি )
Gander (রাজহংস) Goose (রাজহংসী) Uncle (চাচা) Aunt (চাচী)
Horse (ঘোড়া) Mare (ঘোটকী) Widower (বিপত্নীক) Widow (বিধবা)
Hart (হরিণ) Hind (হরিণী) Wizard (ডাইন/জাদুকর) Witch (ডাইনি/জাদুকরী)
2. Masculine Noun- এর মূল শব্দের কোনো রূপ পরিবর্ত ন না করে শেষে “ss” বা “ ess” যোগকরে Feminine Gender করা হয়
। যেমন:

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

Author (লেখক) Authoress (লেখিকা) Prince Princess (রাজকুমারী)
(যুবরাজ/রাজকুমার)
Baron (সম্ভ্রান্ত পুরুষ) Baroness (সম্ভ্রান্ত মহিলা) Peer (সম্ভ্রান্তপুরুষ) Peeress (সম্ভ্রান্তমহিলা)
Count (সম্ভ্রান্ত পুরুষ) Countess (সম্ভ্রান্ত মহিলা) Patron (পুরুষ Patroness (মহিলা
পৃষ্ঠপোষক) পৃষ্ঠপোষক)
Priest (পাদ্রিযাজক) Priestess (যাজিকা) Host (অতিথিসেবক) Hostess (অতিথি সেবিকা)
Shepherd (পুরুষ রাখাল) Shepherdess (মহিলা Heir (উত্তরাধিকারী) Heiress (উত্তরাধিকারিণী)
রাখাল)
Manager (ব্যবস্থাপক) Manageress (মহিলা Jew (ইহুদি পুরুষ) Jewess (ইহুদি মহিলা)
ব্যবস্থাপক)
Poet (কবি) Poetess (মহিলাকবি) Lion (সিংহ) Lioness (সিংহী)
Tutor (গৃহশিক্ষক) Tutoress (গৃহশিক্ষিকা) Steward (পুরুষ Stewardess
তত্ত্বাবধায়ক) (মহিলাতত্ত্বাবধায়ক)
3. Masculine Noun –এরশেষ Syllable এর Vowel বাদ দিয়ে ess যোগকরে Feminine করাহয় । যেমন:

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

Actor (অভিনেতা) Actress (অভিনেত্রী) Inspector (পরিদর্শক) Inspectress (মহিলা
পরিদর্শক)
Benefactor (হিতকারী) Benefectress (হিতকারিনী) Songster (গায়ক) Songtress (গায়িকা)
Conductor (পরিচালক) Conductress (মহিলা Tiger (বাঘ) Tigress (বাঘিনী)
পরিচালক)
Director (পরিচালক) Directoress (মহিলা Traitor (বিশ্বাসঘাতক) Traitress (মহিলা
পরিচালক) বিশ্বাসঘাতক)
Doctor (ডাক্তার) Doctress (মহিলা ডাক্তার) Waiter (পরিচারক) Waitress (পরিচারিকা)
Enchanter (জাদুকর) Enchantress (মহিলা Porter (কুলি) Portress (মহিলাকুলি)
জাদুকর)
Hunter (শিকারি) Huntress (শিকারি স্ত্রীলোক) Instructor (প্রশিক্ষক) Instructress (শিক্ষয়িত্রী)
4. Masculine Noun –এর শেষে অনিয়মিত ভাবে ess যোগকরে । যেমন:

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

Duke (সম্ভ্রান্তব্যক্তি) Duchess (সম্ভ্রান্ত মহিলা) Mr. (জনাব) Miss/Ms/Mrs (জনাবা)
Emperor (সম্রাট) Empress (সম্রাজ্ঞী) Murderer (পুরুষখুনি) Murderess (মহিলাখুনি)
Master (মালিক) Mistress (গৃহকত্রী) Marquis/Marquess (সম্ভ্রান্ত Marchioness (সম্ভ্রান্ত
ব্যক্তি) মহিলা)
God (দেবতা) Goddess (দেবী) Governer (রাজ্যের প্রশাসক) Governess (গৃহশিক্ষিকা)
5. Compound Noun –এর Masculine অংশটির Feminine ব্যবহার করে।
A. প্রথম অংশের পরিবর্ত ন করে:

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Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Buck-rabbit (পুরুষখরগোস) Doe-rabbit (স্ত্রীখরগোস) Father-in-law (শ্বশুর) Mother-in-law (শাশুড়ি)
He-goat (ছাগল) She-goat (ছাগি) Son-in-law (জামাতা) Daughter-in-law
(পুত্রবধূ)
Bull-calf (এঁড়েবাছু র) Cow-calf (বকনাবাছু র) Mankind (পুরুষজাতি) Womankind (স্ত্রীজাতি)
Cock-sparrow (পুরুষচড়ুই) Hen-Sparrow (স্ত্রীচড়ুই) Man-servant (চাকর) Maid-servant (চাকরানী)
Jack-ass (পুরুষগর্দভ) She-ass (স্ত্রীগর্দভ) Brother-in-law (শ্যালক) Sister-in-law (শ্যালিক)
B. দ্বিতীয় অংশের পরির্ত ন করে:

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

School-master School-mistress God-father (ধর্মপিতা) God-mother (দর্মমাতা)
(স্কুলশিক্ষক) (স্কুলশিক্ষিকা)
Washerman (ধোপা) Washerwoman (ধোপানী) Foster-father Foster-mother
(পালকপিতা) (পালকমাতা)
Milkman (গোয়ালা) Milkmaid (গোয়ালিনী) Step-brother (সৎভাই) Step-sister (সৎ বোন)
Beggarman Beggarwoman (ভিখারিনী) Grandfather (দাদা) Grandmother (দাদি)
(ভিক্ষু ক/ভিখারী)
Fisherman (জেলে) Fisherwoman (জেলেনী) Pea-cock (ময়ূর) Pea-hen (ময়ূরী)
Gentleman (ভদ্রলোক) Gentlewoman (ভদ্রমহিলা) Landlord (জমিদার) Landlady (বাড়িওয়ালি)

6. কতিপয় Common Gender –এর Masculine এবং Feminine রূপ:

Common Masculine Feminine

Child Boy, Son Girl, Daughter
Calf Bullock Heifer
Deer Hart, Stag, Buck Doe, Hind
Sheep Ram Ewe
Cat Male cat Female cat
Pig Boar Sow
Fowl Cock/rooster Hen
Horse Stallion Mare
Parent Father Mother
Person Man Woman
Student Male student Female/Girl student
Teacher Male teacher Female teacher
Spouse Husband Wife
Servant Man-servant Maid-servant
Orphan Boy without parents Girl without parents
Monarch King/Emperor Queen/Empress

7. (a) কতগুলো Noun সর্বদা Common Gender রূপেব্যবহৃতহয় । যেমন:

baby (ছেলে বা মেয়ে), Cousin (জাতি ভাই ও বোন), orphan (অনাথ বালক/বালিকা), Friend (বন্ধু/বান্ধবী), pupil
(ছাত্র/ছাত্রী), Parent (পিতা/মাতা), Infant (খোকা/খুকি), person (পুরুষ বা স্ত্রী লোক), spouse (স্বামী/স্ত্রী), relation (আত্নীয়
বা আত্নীয়া), Child (খোকা বা খুকি)

1. Which of the following words in masculine? [40th BCS]

a) mare b) lad*
c) pillow d) pony
2. The masculine gender of the ‘spinster’ is- [Sadharon Bima Corp. JO-2016]
a) unattached b) single
c) bachelor* d) free
3. What is the masculine gender of ‘filly’ (PKB, Officer Cash-2021)
a) ram b) Bullock c) Colt* d) Buck

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VOCABULARY PART
Word Meaning
Examveda
Word Meaning Synonym Antonym
Abstruse দুর্বোধ্য Irrelevant, Cryptic, Recondite Lucid
Alacrity ব্যগ্রতা, উত্সাহপূর্ণ Briskness, Active, Energetic Apathy, indifference
Altercation তর্ক াতর্কি Squabble, Controversy Agreement, harmony
Annihilate নির্মূল করা Destroy, Shatter, Obliterate, Demolish construct
Augury ভবিষ্যদ্বাণী Prophecy, Prediction,
August মর্যাদা দান করা Dignify, Respect Undignified
Canny চতু র Clever, Tricky Foolish
Cater খাদ্যাদি পরিবেশন করা Provide Ignore, neglect
শেষ করা, স্থগিত রাখা,
Cease Stop, Halt, Adjourn Begin, carry on
থামা
Commensurate সামানুপাতিক Coequal, Incompatible, inadequate
Compassion সহানুভূতি Sympathy, Kindness, Animosity
Corpulent স্থূলকায় Fat, Obese Skinny
Delectable আনন্দদায়ক Delicious, Delightful Unsavory, Distasteful,
Dielectric অস্তরক Nonconductor, Insulator
Diligent পরিশ্রমী Hardworking, Industrious, Sedulous Idle, lazy
Disparage অবজ্ঞা করা Belittle, Disdain Commend, extol
Duplicity সদৃশতা, ছলনা Deceitfulness, Deception frankness
Exponent উদ্দীপক Advocate, Indicator
Extirpate অবসন্ন করা Eradicate, Destroy, Eliminate Establish
Fidelity বিশ্বস্ততা Loyalty, Obedience, Allegiance Infidelity, enmity
Foment প্ররোচিত করা Instigate, Provoke Discourage
Fortitude মনোবল Courage, Tolerance Cowardice
Fugitive পলায়নপর Escaping, Fleeing
Germinate অঙ্কুরদগোম হওয়া Breed, Cease, shrink
Goad উত্তেজিকা Provoke, Irritate Block, hindrance
Graphic স্পষ্ট Obvious, Apparent Obscure
Haggle দর কষাকষি করা Bargain, Altercate Agree, comply
Imperceptible অনির্বচনীয় Subtle, So Slight Apparent, noticeable
Inadvertent অনিচ্ছাকৃ ত Unintentional Intentional, advertent

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Indict অভিযুক্ত করা Accuse, Impute Exonerate, absolve, acquit

Liberal উদার Broad-Minded, Generous, Benevolent Limited, narrow
Pacify শান্ত করা Calm, Compose, Tranquil Aggravate, agitate, incite
Paltry তু চ্ছ Insignificant, Trivial Important, significant
Predominant অগ্রণী Important, Ascendant, Secondary, subordinate
Propel অগ্রে ঠেলিয়া দেত্তয়া Drive, Compel, Peddle Discourage, dissuade
Recuperate পুনরূদ্ধার করা Recover, Recuperate Deteriorate, worsen
Ridiculous হাস্যকর Hilarious, Farcical Credible, plausible
Showy লোক-দেখানো Gaudy, Garish Plain, simple
Sterile অনুর্বর Barren, Cheerful, fertile
Stout নির্ভীক Fearless, Undaunted, Courageous Timid,
Vanguard অগ্রদূত Flag Bearer, Pioneer, Harbinger Followers, rear
Vent প্রকাশ Opening, Expression Closing, closure
Yob আগ্রাসী Aggressive, Rude Calm

Preposition

From Gi e¨envi
1. ‡Kv‡bv ¯’vb †_‡K ev n‡Z †evSv‡Z from e‡m|
†hgb: I go to FM Institute from Fatulla. Her school is far away from her house.
2. ‡Kv‡bv mgq †_‡K ïiy ‡evSv‡Z from e‡m|
†hgb: He was blind from birth. Our office is open from 9 to 5 everyday.
3. Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K †evSv‡Z from e‡m|
†hgb: I got a letter from my brother.
4. DrcwË ¯’vb ev Rb¥`vb †evSv‡Z from e‡m|
†hgb: The heat from the sun is in evitable for us. I am from Munsigonj.
5. ‡Kv‡bv wKQz †_‡K wew”Qbœ †evSv‡Z from e‡m|
†hgb: Two ministers resigned from the cabinet in protest. She was removed from the post of manager.
6. ‡h Drm †_‡K Av‡m Zvi c~‡e© from e‡m|
†hgb: Climatic change results from pollution. We draw inspiration from our myrterred soldiers.
7. †h Kv‡Ri d‡j wKQz N‡U Zvi c~‡e© from e‡m|
†hgb: He died from over eating.
8. cÖ‡f` ev cv_©K¨ A_© †evSv‡Z from e‡m|
†hgb: What is the difference between red from orange?

After Gi e¨envi
1. c‡i †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: He came here after me. We’ll start after lunch.
2. ZvovKiv ev wcQz †bqv †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: The police are after him. They ran after the writer for autograph.
3. Kv‡iv bv‡g bvgKib †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: The school was named after his father.
4. ‡Kv‡bv wKQzi ev Kv‡iv †LvR Kiv †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: She is after a job.
5. Abymv‡i †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: The shirt is after my choice.
6. ÔgZÕ †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: He takes after his father. Make the dining table after the design.
7. AZx‡Zi †Kv‡bv NUbvi c‡i †Kv‡bv NUbv †evSv‡Z after e‡m|
†hgb: Doctor came after the patient had died.

Word Based Sentence Completion

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1. The light in the lonely house _____ in the distance. a) coherent b) astute
(IBA BBA 2007-08) c) cogent d) specious
(a) gleamed b) glittered 13. If you are seeking ____ that will resolve all our
c) dazzled d) burnt e) shone ailments, you are undertaking an impossible task.
2. The glass window _____ into a thousand tiny pieces. (BB AD ‘01)
(IBA BBA 2007-08) a) a precedent b) a panacea
a) broke b) fractured c) an abstraction d) a direction
c) fell d) dropped e) shattered 14. The young man was quickly promoted when his
3. Skepticism is a belief that can be proven false; thus to employers saw how ____ he was. (BB AD ‘01)
avoid the ____ of being wrong, it is best to believe a) indigent b) indifferent
nothing. (MT MTO ‘13) c) assiduous d) lethargic
a) satisfaction b) confidence 15. Because it arrives so early in the season, before many
c) frustration d) penetration e) unification other birds, the robin has been called the ____ of spring.
4. It is commonly thought that a tree standing alone is (BB AD ‘01)
more --------- struck, though in some forest areas, lighting a) hostage b) autocrat
scars can be seen on almost every tree. (MT MTO ‘13) c) harbinger d) newcomer
a) deliberately b) astonishingly 16. When he found the wallet his face glowed but soon it
c) predictably d) frequently faded as the wallet was ____. (BB CO ‘11)
e) contradictorily a) Empty b) Vacant
5. Contrary to popular belief, present-day historians see c) Recovered d) Stolen e) Expensive
the Renaissance as an economic ------- and argue that the 17. ------------ is essential when you send telegram as you
state of lot of peasants and urban poor, the majority of are charged for every word. (SB Officer ‘08)
the population, worsened during this period. a) Gravity b) Clarity
(MT MTO ‘13) c) Honesty d) Brevity e) Dignity
a) progression b) evolution 18. The ____ criminal still denies that he is ____ for the
c) regression d) flexibility e) legend robbery. (SB SO ‘10)
6. Great earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors a) arrested, part b) notorious, cursory
but --------- take the form of one or more violent shocks, c) ominous, demur d) convicted, culpable
and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force 19. His poor health is the main ____ to his promotion
called aftershocks. (MT MTO ‘13) this year. (SB CO ‘10)
a) desperately b) rapidly a) Obstacle b) danger
c) abundantly d) considerately c) road block d) worry
e) furiously 20. These essays are intellectually ----------- and represent
7. The vast majority of Egypt’s inhabitants live in the Nile various levels of complexity. (PB T JO ‘13)
valley and delta, and the rest of the country is ------------- a) revealing b) modern
populated. (MT MTO ‘13) c) superior d) demanding e) persistent
a) sparsely b) remarkable
c) exclusively d) considerately e) eagerly _Answer_
8. The bank cashier’s ____ of the funds was not 1. a 2. e 3. c 4. d 5. c
discovered until the auditors examined the accounts. 6. b 7. a 8. b 9. b 10. b
(RKUB SO ‘11) 11. d 12. d 13. b 14. d 15. c
a) extradition b) embezzlement 16. a 17. d 18. d 19. a 20. a
c) patronage d) an ingenious
9. The poetry of Mallarme is not clear and easily
accessible but rather vague and -------------. (RKUB SO ‘11) One word Substitutions
a) opaque b) redundant PHRASE ONE WORD
c) lucid d) hasty  The branch of physics concerned
10. We lost confidence in him because he always ---------- Acoustics
with the properties of sound
the grandiose promises he had made. (BB AD ‘01)
 The sound of Alligators Bellow
a) forgot about b) reneged on
c) tired of d) delivered on  The sound of Deers Bell
11. If you are trying to make a strong impression on your  The sound of Crows Caw
audience, you cannot do so by being understated,  The sound of Geese Cackle
tentative, or -----------. (BB AD ‘01)  The sound of Hens Cluck
a) hyperbolic b) restrained
 The sound of Dolphins Click
c) argumentative d) authoritative
 The sound of Frogs Croak
12. The reasoning in this editorial is so ____ that we  The sound of Crickets Creak
cannot see how anyone can be deceived by it.(BB AD ‘01)  The sound of Monkeys Gibber

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 The sound of Camels Grunt b) Timely action is economic and effective
 The sound of Owls Hoot c) Justice delayed, justice denied’
 The sound of Penguins Honk d) Timeliness is the key to success
e) A timely action can avoid losses
 The sound of Cattle Moo
 The sound of Horses Neigh 8. They said something under their breath.
a) under their breath EMBA(DU) July ‘13
 The sound of Nightingales Pipe
b) in a low voice
 The sound of Ducks Quack c) very loudly
 The sound of Parrots Screech d) loudly
 The sound of Rats Squeak e) badly
 The sound of Birds Twitter 9. It is easier to talk about social change than to make it
 The sound of Elephants Trumpet happen. EMBA (DU) July ‘13
 The sound of Mosquitoes Whine a) acknowledge it
b) predict it
Phrase c) bring it about
1. I shall make good the loss EMBA (DU) Nov ‘13 d) put up with it
a) make good e) building
b) pay 10. One swallow does not make a ----------. SB Officer ‘10
c) redress a) quarrel
d) reimburse b) summer
e) repair c) autumn
2. The teachers are at odds over the current issues. d) winter
a) in disagreement EMBA (DU) Nov ‘13 e) None of these
b) mystified
c) up in arms _Answer_
d) in disarray 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. c 5. c
e) in consultation 6. d 7. e 8. b 9. c 10. b

3. As she is new to the job I would ask you to keep an eye

on her for the time being. PB SO ‘10
a) Look at Spelling Error
b) Observe 1)
c) Check a) Raindeer
b) Reindeer
d) Consider
c) Reindear
e) None of these d) Reindaer
4. Most of the participants did not expect the victory of a 2)
dark horse like him CB PO ‘11 a. Secriterial
b. Secreterial
a) a mischievous person
c. Secretarial
b) a strong person d. Secreatrial
c) an unknown person
d) an illiterate
5. I met him after a long time, but he gave me the cold 3)
shoulder. EMBA (DU) July ‘16 a) Acredetation
a) abused me b) Accreditation
c) Acreditation
b) insulted me d) Accredation
c) ignored me 4)
d) scolded me a) Indespansable
e) quarreled with me b) Indespensable
c) Indispensable
6. He passed himself off as a noble man. EMBA July ‘16 d) Indispansable
a) was regarded as 5)
b) was looked upon as a) Independence
c) was thought to be b) Indepandence
d) pretended to be c) Independance
e) looked like d) Indepandance
6)
7. A stitch in time saves nine, means- EMBA July’13 a) Effloresance
a) Timely action is economic b) Efflorescence

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c) Efflorascence 13. Enter into (a room), upon (a career), for (an
d) Efflorisence
7) examination): He entered into the room (also
a) Reeceding without into). He has entered upon his new
b) Receeding role in personnel management. I have entered
c) Receding
d) Recceding
for the examination.
8) 14. Escape from: There is no escape from death.
a) Appreisal 15. Essential to: Health is essential to a success in
b) Appraisal
c) Appraisel
life.
d) Aprraisal
9) GRE ANALOGY TEST-11
a) Grievanes
b) Grievenyce
01. DENTURE : TEETH::
c) Grievence a) scarf : head b) toupee: hair
d) Grievance c) fingernail : hand d) eyebrow: eye
10) e) bandage : wound
a) Iressistable Meaning: Denture - evuav‡bv `v‡Zi cvwU, Toupee
b) Iresistable
- ciPzjv, Hair - Pzj, Fingernail - Av½y‡ji bL,
c) Irresistible
d) Irresstible Wound - ÿZ|
Answer: Denture n‡jv evav‡bv Teeth (`vuZ) Gi
_Answer_ cvwU; Avi Toupee (ciPzjv) n‡jv evav‡bv Hair (Pzj)
1. b 2. c 3. b 4. c 5. a Gi ¸”Q|
6. b 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. c 02. PROFESSIONAL: ROOKIE::
a) player : fan b) ranger : cowhand
Appropriate Preposition c) prisoner : thief d) soldier : recruit
1. Disappointed at, of, in, with: He was e) conductor : musician
disappointed at your failure. He was Meaning: Professional - ‡ckv m¤^Üxq, Rookie -
disappointed of the prize (i.e. did not get it all). AbwfÁ, Ranger -ebiÿK, Prisoner -e›`x, Recruit - be
He was disappointed in the prize (i.e. got the ‰mwbK, Conductor - cwiPvjK, Musician - myiKvi|
Answer: Professional n‡jv ‡ckv`vi, Avi Rookie n‡jv
prize but it did not satisfy him). I am
AbwfÁ; Soldier n‡jv ˆmwbK, Avi Recruit n‡jv be
disappointed with him.
‰mwbK|
2. Disagree with one on (a point): I disagreed
with him on that point. 03. SCRIPT : PLAY:: IBA (BBA) Admissin-05-06, IFIC Bank PO - 2011
a) refrain : song b) assignment : course
3. Dislike to, for, of: I have a dislike to (or for) the
c) score : symphony d) collection : story
boy. I cannot shake off my dislike of him. e) debate : candidate
4. Displeased with (a person) at or by (his Meaning: Script - bvU‡Ki wjwLZ iƒc, Assignment –
conduct): I am displeased with him at or by his avh©KiY/ cÖKí, Course- welq/ c_/ ch©vq/ ‡kÖYx,
conduct. Score - m½x‡Zi wjwLZ iƒc, Symphony - HKZvb
5. Dispose of (finish): Let us dispose of our work. m½xZ, Collection - msMÖn, Debate - weZ©K,
6. Dissent from: I dissent from your views Candidate - AskMÖnYKvix|
(differ). Answer: Script n‡jv Play (bvUK) Gi wjwLZ iƒc;
7. Divert from, to: The noise diverted (drew Avi Score n‡jv Symphony (HKZvb m½xZ) Gi
away) my attention from the book to the wjwLZ iƒc|
coward. 04. BUOYANT : SINK::
8. Dull of (hearing), at (work): He is dull of a) frozen : melt b) liquid : evaporate
hearing. He is dull (slow) at physics. c) brittle : cleave d) insoluble : dissolve
e) gaseous : expand
9. Dwell in (a place), upon (a subject): He dwells
Meaning: Buoyant- hv †f‡m _v‡K, Melt- `ªexf~Z,
in this house. He dwelt long upon (discuss) the
Evaporate- ev®úxf~Z, Insoluble- A`ªebxq, Dissolve-
subject. `ªexf~Z Kiv, Gaseous- evqexq, Expand- cÖmvwiZ/
10. Eligible for: He is eligible for the post we¯Í…Z Kiv|
(qualified). Answer: Buoyant (hv †f‡m _v‡K) I Sink (Wz‡e
11. End in: Vice must end (result) in misery. hvIqv) n‡jv wecixZv_©K kã, Avevi
12. Endowed with: She is endowed with Insoluble(A`ªebxq) I Dissolve (`ªexf~Z Kiv) n‡jv
(possesses) poetic talents. wecixZv_©K kã|

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05. CRAWL : PROCEED:: weL¨vZ e¨w³, Generous - gnr, Suspect - m‡›`nfvRb,
a) plummet : descend b) nature : grow Illegality - A‰eaZv, Generous - D`vi, Liberality -
c) inundate : flood d) rampage : destroy D`vi|
e) dwindle : decrease Answer: Despotic I Tyranny mgv_©K kã, hvi A_©
Meaning: Crawl - AMÖmi nIqv, Proceed - AMÖmi n‡jv AZ¨vPvi; Avi Generous I Liberality mgv_©K
nIqv, Plummet - cvwLi cvjKmg~n, Descend -‡b‡g kã, D`vi|
Avmv, Inundate -cøvweZ nIqv, Flood -eb¨v,
10. RUST : CORROSION::
Rampage - ‡QvUvQzwU, Destroy - aŸsm, Dwindle
a) vapor : flammability b) dew : condensation
- μgk K‡g hvIqv, Decrease - μgk K‡g hvIqv|
c) crystal : purification d) solution : precipitation
Answer: Crawl I Proceed mgv_©K kã,; Dwindle I e) mold : disinfection
Decrease mgv_©K kã, hvi A_© n‡jv μgk K‡g Meaning: Rust- gwiPv, Corrosion - ÿq, Vapor -
hvIqv| ev®ú, Flammability - mnR `vn¨, Dew - wkwki,
06. ELEGY : SORROW:: Condensation - Nbxfeb, Crystal -ùwUK,
a) paean : distress b) encomium : criticism Purification - weï× Kiv, Solution - mgvavb,
c) requiem : euphoria d) tirade : joy Precipitation -nVKvwiZv c~Y©, Mold - QuvP,
e) eulogy : admiration Disinfection - wbe©xRb|
Meaning: Elegy - †kv‡Ki KweZv, Paean -weRq Answer: Rust (gwiPv) co‡j Corrosion (ÿq) nq, Dew
m½xZ, Distress -gg©cxov, Encomium -¯‘wZev`, (wkwki) co‡j Condensation (Nwbf~Z) nq|
Requiem -wekÖvg, Euphoria -igigv, Tirade -
my`xN© e³…Zv, Eulogy - cÖksmvm~PK, 11. CLAIM : LEGITIMATED::
a) hypothesis : confirmed b) verdict : appealed
Admiration - cÖksmv|
c) counter argument : doubted
Answer: Elegy I Sorrow mgv_©K kã, hvi A_© n‡jv
d) proposition : repeated
†kv‡Ki KweZv/`ytL; Eulogy I Admiration mgv_©K e) speculation : disbelieved
kã| Meaning: Legitimated -ˆea, Claim - `vwe,
07. FRIEZE : ORNAMENT:: Hypothesis -wKQz cÖgvYv‡_© mZ¨ e‡j a‡i †bIqv,
a) arch : divide b) relief : from Verdict - ivq, Appealed -Avwcj, Counterargument -
c) arabesque : accentuate d) nave : border ZK©weZK©, Proposition-cÖwZÁv, Speculation -
e) pillar : support Abya¨vb/we‡ePbv, Disbelieved -Awek¦vm Kiv|
Meaning: Frieze- KviæKvh©, Ornament - Aj¼vi, Answer: Legitimated (ˆea) wRwbm Claim (`vwe)
Arch -wLjvb, Relief -ÎvY, Arabesque -bv‡Pi we‡kl Kiv nq; Avi Confirmed (wbwðZ) wRwbm
fw½, Accentuate -D”PviY, Nave -Pμbvwf, Border - Hypothesis (¯^xK…wZ) †`qv nq|
mxgvšÍ, Pillar -_vg/ Aej¤^b, Support - mg_©b/ aviY
12. ENCLOSE : PARENTHESES: : Mercantile Bank-06,
Kiv|
a) abbreviate : brackets b) emphasize : hyphen
Answer: Ornament (Aj¼vi) Gi Rb¨ Frieze
c) separate : comma d) join : period e) omit : colon
(KviæKvh©) `iKvi nq; Avi Support (mg_©b/ aviY
Meaning: Enclose - Aeiæ× Kiv, Parentheses - UxKv,
Kiv) Gi Rb¨ Pillar (LywU) `iKvi nq|
Abbreviate -mswÿß, Brackets -eÜbx, Emphasize -
08. DECELERATE : SPEED: : IBA - BBA Admission Test- 2005-06 ‡Rvi †`Iqv, Hyphen - nvB‡db, Omit -eR©b, Colon -
a) desiccate : dryness b) extinguish : oxygen ‡Kvjb|
c) interpolate : interval d) decontaminate : sterility Answer: Parentheses w`‡q Enclose Kiv nq; Comma
e) enervate : vitality w`‡q Separate Kiv nq|
Meaning: Decelerate- MwZ n«vm Kiv, Desiccate -
ﮋ Kiv, Dryness -ﮋ, Extinguish -wbfv‡bv, 13. ANTENNA : SIGNAL:: Bangladesh Bank AD-2013
Interpolate -Ac‡ii iPbvq wKQz mwboe‡ek Kiv, a) bread : grain b) story : reporter
Interval- AeKvk, Enervate - `ye©j Kiv/ kw³nxb Kiv, c) stem : flower d) net : fish
Decontaminate - wbg©j Kiv, Sterility -eܨvZ¡, e) telegram : sender
Vitality - Rxeb kw³| Meaning: Antenna - Gwiqvj, Reporter - cÖwZ‡e`K,
Answer: Decelerate ‡K Speed (MwZ) n«vm e‡j; Avi Stem - ‡Mvov/ wkKo, Telegram - ‡UwjMÖvg,
Enervate ‡K Vitality (Rxeb kw³) n«vm Kiv e‡j| Sender - ‡cÖiK|
Answer: Antenna (Gwiqvj) w`‡q Signal (ms‡KZ)
09. DESPOTIC : TYRANNY::
a) authoritarian : superiority b) skillful : celebrity
aiv nq; Avi Net (Rvj) w`‡q Fish (gvQ) aiv nq|
c) generous : liberality d) suspect : illegality 14. WAG : HUMOROUS::
e) peaceful : benevolence a) ruffian : frightened b) spendthrift : inattentive
Meaning: Despotic - †m”QvPvix/ AZ¨vPvix, c) dolt : stupid d) pirate: merciless
Tyranny - AZ¨vPvi, Authoritarian - ‰¯^ivPvix, e) sinner: repentant
Superiority - ‡kÖôZ¡, Skillful - `ÿ, Celebrity -

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 Prominent Education Center
Meaning: Wag - Av‡›`vwjZ Kiv, Humorous -
†KŠZzK c~Y©, Ruffian - `~e©„Ë, Frightened - fxZ,
Spendthrift - Ace¨qx e¨w³, Dolt - wb‡e©va e¨w³,
Pirate - Rj`my¨, Merciless - wb`©q, Sinner - cvcx,
Repentant - AbyZß|
Answer: Wag (Av‡›`vwjZ Kiv) n‡jv Humorous
(†KŠZzK c~Y©); Avi Dolt (wb‡e©va e¨w³) n‡jv
Stupid (gyL©)|
15. FIRM: IRONCLAD::
a) bruised : broken b) polished : shining
c) smart : brilliant d) hard : stiff
e) jovial : merry
Meaning: Firm - `„p, Ironclad - Av¯’vkxj, Bruised -
‡_u‡Zv, Stiff -k³, Jovial -cÖdzjø, Merry -ïf|
Answer: Firm (`„p) n‡j Ironclad (Av¯’vkxj) nq; Avi
Smart (`ÿ) n‡j Brilliant (†gavex) nq|
16. FOIL : METAL:: IBA - BBA Admission Test- 2005-06
a) pebble : concrete b) suede : leather
c) glaze : pottery d) veneer : wood
e) paper : cardboard
Meaning: Foil - avZzi cvZjv cvZ, Pebble - bywo,
Concrete - KbwμU, Suede QvMj Qvbvi Pvgov,
Glaze - PKP‡K, Pottery - g„rwkí, Veneer - Kv‡Vi
cvZjv cvZ w`‡q †gvov, Stiff - k³, Cardboard -
wcP‡evW©|
Answer: Foil n‡jv Metal ev avZyi cvZjv Av¯ÍiY ev
cvZ; Avi Veneer n‡jv Wood Gi cvZjv Av¯ÍiY|
17. LEAVE : ABSCOND: : IBA - BBA Admission Test- 2005-06
a) take : steal b) evacuate : flee
c) interest : astound d) build : renovate
e) evaluate : downgrade
Meaning: Leave - QzwU, Abscond - AvZ¥‡Mvcb
Kiv, Steal - Pzwi Kiv, Evacuate - Lvwj Kiv/ ‡iPb
Kiv, Flee - Gwo‡q Pjv, Astound - we¯§qvwff~Z,
Renovate - cybms¯‹vi, Evaluate - wbY©q,
Downgrade - gh©v`v n«vm Kiv|
Answer: †Mvc‡b Leave (Z¨vM Kiv)-‡K Abscond
(‡divix nIqv) e‡j; †Mvc‡b Take (MÖnY Kiv)-‡K
Steal e‡j|

18. QUAFF : SIP::

a) bolt : run b) punch : hit
c) gnaw : nibble d) trudge : plod
e) stride : march
Meaning: Quaff - XKXK K‡i cvb Kiv, Sip - PzgyK
w`‡q cvb Kiv, Bolt -GK cÖKvi aby‡Ki Zxi, Punch -
Nywl gviv, Gnaw -wPev‡bv, Nibble -GKUz GKUz
K‡i LvIqv, Trudge -AwZK‡ó c`eª‡R Pjv, Plod -
c`‡ÿc, Stride - j¤^v cv †d‡j Pjv, March- ‰mwbK‡`i
gZ KzPKvIqvR K‡i Pjv|
Answer: Quaff (XKXK K‡i cvb Kiv) Gi wecixZ
n‡jv Sip (PzgyK w`‡q cvb Kiv); Avi Stride (j¤^v cv
†d‡j Pjv) Gi wecixZ n‡jv Mince (‰mwbK‡`i gZ
KzPKvIqvR K‡i Pjv)|

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