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Module 9: Dynamic Addressing With DHCP: Networking Essentials (NETESS)

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160 views16 pages

Module 9: Dynamic Addressing With DHCP: Networking Essentials (NETESS)

Uploaded by

Ian Carlo Roxas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module 9: Dynamic

Addressing with DHCP

Networking Essentials (NETESS)


Module Objective

Module Title: Dynamic Addressing with DHCP


Module Objective: Configure a DHCP server.

Topic Title Topic Objective

Static and Dynamic Addressing Compare static and dynamic IPv4 addressing.

DHCPv4 Configuration Configure a DHCPv4 server to dynamically assign


IPv4 addresses.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2
9.1 Static and Dynamic
Addressing

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Static and Dynamic Addressing
Static IPv4 Address Assignment

• IPv4 addresses can be assigned either statically or dynamically.

• With a static assignment, the host IPv4 address must be


configured manually, together with subnet mask, default gateway,
and DNS server address.

• Static addresses are typically assigned for printers, servers, and


other networking devices that need to retain a fixed IP address to
provide services.

• Static assignment can be time consuming to implement. It is


prone to errors because manual configuration is required.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Static and Dynamic Addressing
Dynamic IPv4 Address Assignment

• IPv4 addresses can be dynamically assigned to end devices


through an application protocol known as Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

• DHCP automatically assigns addressing information such as


IPv4 address, subnet mask, default gateway, and other
configuration information.

• Benefits of using DHCP include:


• Reduces the burden on network support staff and virtually
eliminates entry errors.
• A dynamic IP address is not permanently assigned to a
host but is only leased for a period of time.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Static and Dynamic Addressing
DHCP Servers

• A device can be a DHCP server if it is running


the DHCP service software.

• DHCPv4 servers are typically connected to a


LAN because it uses broadcast. DHCPv4
servers deployed outside of a LAN will require
relay service.

• In a home network or SOHO, a wireless router


provides DHCP service to end devices. It is also
a DHCP client to get IPv4 address from ISP.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
9.2 DHCPv4 Configuration

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DHCPv4 Configuration
Video - DHCPv4 Operation

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
DHCPv4 Configuration
DCHPv4 Operation

• When a host is configured using DHCP, it will try to obtain


an IPv4 address, subnet mask, default gateway, and
DNS server from a DHCP. The process is as follows:

• The client sends a DHCPDISCOVER message


using broadcast.
• A DHCP server responds with a DHCPOFFER
message with a set of IPv4 addressing information.
• The client then sends a DHCPREQUEST message
to request the use of IPv4 addressing information
offered by the SHCP server.
• The DHCP server responds with a DHCPACK
message to grant the request from the client.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
DHCPv4 Configuration
Video - DHCP Service Configuration

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
DHCPv4 Configuration
DHCP Service Configuration
• To configure a home wireless router, access its
graphical web interface by opening the browser and
entering the router default IPv4 address: 192.168.0.1
in the IP Address field.

• The IPv4 address of 192.168.0.1 and subnet mask of


255.255.255.0 are the defaults for the internal router
interface. This is the default gateway for all hosts on
the local network. Ensure the DHCP server is
enabled.

• Specify the DHCP IPv4 address range with a starting


address (do not use 192.168.0.1 because the router
is assigned this address) and the number of
addresses to be assigned.
© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
DHCPv4 Configuration
Packet Tracer - Configure DHCP on a Wireless Router

In this activity, you will complete the following objectives:

• Connect 3 PCs to a wireless router.


• Change the DHCP setting to a specific network range.
• Configure the clients to obtain their address via DHCP.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
9.3 Dynamic Addressing with
DHCP Summary

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Dynamic Addressing with DHCP Summary
What Did I Learn in this Module?

• IPv4 addresses can be assigned either statically or dynamically.


• A static assignment must be manually configured on a host.
• When using static IPv4 addressing, maintain an accurate list of which IPv4 addresses are
assigned to which devices is difficult.
• Dynamic addressing uses DHCP to provides automatic assignment of addressing information
such as IPv4 address, subnet mask, default gateway, and other IPv4 networking parameters.
• DHCP can allocate IP addresses for a configurable period of time, called a lease period.
• Many networks use both DHCP and static addressing. DHCP is used for general purpose hosts,
such as end user devices. Static addressing is used for network devices, such as gateway
routers, switches, servers, and printers.
• A DHCPv4 client and DHCPv4 servers use DHCP messages to initiate and complete a dynamic
IPv4 addressing assignment.

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Module 9 - Dynamic Addressing with DHCP
New Terms and Commands

• DHCP protocol
• DHCP client
• DHCP server
• DHCP operation
• DHCP range
• DHCPDISCOVER
• DHCPOFFER
• DHCPREQUEST
• DHCPACK

© 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential

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