#pg776#pgVector Calculus#pg761#pgT1#pg

#@#1-16 Evaluate the line integral, where \(C\) is the given curve.
1. \(\int_{C} y^{3} d s, \quad C: x=t^{3}, y=t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2\)
2. \(\int_{C} x y d s, \quad C: x=t^{2}, y=2 t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
3. \(\int_{c} x y^{4} d s, \quad C\) is the right half of the circle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=16\)
4. \(\int_{C} x \sin y d s, \quad C\) is the line segment from \((0,3)\) to \((4,6)\)
5. \(\int_{C}\left(x^{2} y^{3}-\sqrt{x}\right) d y\),
\(C\) is the arc of the curve \(y=\sqrt{x}\) from \((1,1)\) to \((4,2)\)
6. \(\int_{C} e^{x} d x\),
\(C\) is the arc of the curve \(x=y^{3}\) from \((-1,-1)\) to \((1,1)\)
7. \(\int_{C}(x+2 y) d x+x^{2} d y, \quad C\) consists of line segments from \((0,0)\) to \((2,1)\) and from \((2,1)\) to \((3,0)\)
8. \(\int_{C} x^{2} d x+y^{2} d y, \quad C\) consists of the arc of the circle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4\) from \((2,0)\) to \((0,2)\) followed by the
line segment from \((0,2)\) to \((4,3)\)
9. \(\int_{C} x y z d s\)
\[C: x=2 \sin t, y=t, z=-2 \cos t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant \pi\]
10. \(\int_{C} x y z^{2} d s\) \(C\) is the line segment from \((-1,5,0)\) to \((1,6,4)\)
11. \(\int_{C} x e^{y z} d s\) \(C\) is the line segment from \((0,0,0)\) to \((1,2,3)\)
12. \(\int_{C}\left(x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}\right) d s\), \(C: x=t, \quad y=\cos 2 t, z=\sin 2 t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2 \pi\)
13. \(\int_{C} x y e^{y z} d y\), \(C: x=t, y=t^{2}, z=t^{3}, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
14. \(\int_{C} y d x+z d y+x d z\)
\(C: x=\sqrt{t}, y=t, z=t^{2}, 1 \leqslant t \leqslant 4\)
15. \(\int_{C} z^{2} d x+x^{2} d y+y^{2} d z\), \(C\) is the line segment from \((1,0,0)\) to \((4,1,2)\)
16. \(\int_{C}(y+z) d x+(x+z) d y+(x+y) d z\), \(C\) consists of line segments from \((0,0,0)\) to \((1,0,1)\) and from \((1,0,1)\) to \
((0,1,2)\)
17. Let \(\mathbf{F}\) be the vector field shown in the figure.
a. If \(C_{1}\) is the vertical line segment from \((-3,-3)\) to \((-3,3)\), determine whether \(\int_{C_{1}} \mathbf{F} \cdot d \
mathbf{r}\) is positive, negative, or zero.
b. If \(C_{2}\) is the counterclockwise-oriented circle with radius 3 and center the origin, determine whether \(\int_{C_{2}} \
mathbf{F} \cdot d \mathbf{r}\) is positive, negative, or zero.
18. The figure shows a vector field \(\mathbf{F}\) and two curves \(C_{1}\) and \(C_{2}\). Are the line integrals of \(\mathbf{F}\)
over \(C_{1}\) and \(C_{2}\) positive, negative, or zero? Explain.
#@#19-22 Evaluate the line integral \(\int_{C} \mathbf{F} \cdot d \mathbf{r}\), where \(C\) is given by the vector function \(\
mathbf{r}(t)\).
19. \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=x y \mathbf{i}+3 y^{2} \mathbf{j}\),
\(\mathbf{r}(t)=11 t^{4} \mathbf{i}+t^{3} \mathbf{j}, \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
20. \(\mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=(x+y) \mathbf{i}+(y-z) \mathbf{j}+z^{2} \mathbf{k}\), \(\mathbf{r}(t)=t^{2} \mathbf{i}+t^{3} \mathbf{j}
+t^{2} \mathbf{k}, \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
21. \(\mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=\sin x \mathbf{i}+\cos y \mathbf{j}+x z \mathbf{k}\), \(\mathbf{r}(t)=t^{3} \mathbf{i}-t^{2} \mathbf{j}+t \
mathbf{k}, \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
22. \(\mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=x \mathbf{i}+y \mathbf{j}+x y \mathbf{k}\),
\(\mathbf{r}(t)=\cos t \mathbf{i}+\sin t \mathbf{j}+t \mathbf{k}, \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant \pi\)
#@#23-24 Use a calculator or CAS to evaluate the line integral correct to four decimal places.
23. \(\int_{C} \mathbf{F} \cdot d \mathbf{r}\), where \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=x y \mathbf{i}+\sin y \mathbf{j}\) and \(\mathbf{r}(t)=e^{t} \
mathbf{i}+e^{-t^{2}} \mathbf{j}, 1 \leqslant t \leqslant 2\)
24. \(\int_{C} z e^{-x y} d s\), where \(C\) has parametric equations \(x=t\), \(y=t^{2}, z=e^{-t}, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
#@#25-26 Use a graph of the vector field \(\mathbf{F}\) and the curve \(C\) to guess whether the line integral of \(\mathbf{F}\)
over \(C\) is positive, negative, or zero. Then evaluate the line integral.
25. \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=(x-y) \mathbf{i}+x y \mathbf{j}\), \(C\) is the arc of the circle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4\) traversed counterclockwise
from \((2,0)\) to \((0,-2)\)
26. \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}}} \mathbf{i}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}}} \mathbf{j}\),
\(C\) is the parabola \(y=1+x^{2}\) from \((-1,2)\) to \((1,2)\)
27.
a. Evaluate the line integral \(\int_{C} \mathbf{F} \cdot d \mathbf{r}\), where \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=e^{x-1} \mathbf{i}+x y \mathbf{j}\)
and \(C\) is given by \(\mathbf{r}(t)=t^{2} \mathbf{i}+t^{3} \mathbf{j}, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
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b. Illustrate part (a) by using a graphing calculator or computer to graph \(C\) and the vectors from the vector field corresponding
to \(t=0,1 / \sqrt{2}\), and 1 (as in Figure 13).
28.
a. Evaluate the line integral \(\int_{C} \mathbf{F} \cdot d \mathbf{r}\), where \(\mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=x \mathbf{i}-z \mathbf{j}+y \
mathbf{k}\) and \(C\) is given by \(\mathbf{r}(t)=2 t \mathbf{i}+3 t \mathbf{j}-t^{2} \mathbf{k},-1 \leqslant t \leqslant 1\)
b. Illustrate part (a) by using a computer to graph \(C\) and the vectors from the vector field corresponding to \(t=\pm 1\) and \(\
pm \frac{1}{2}\) (as in Figure 13).
29. Find the exact value of \(\int_{C} x^{3} y^{5} d s\), where \(C\) is the part of the astroid \(x=\cos ^{3} t, y=\sin ^{3} t\) in the first
quadrant.
30.
a. Find the work done by the force field \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=x^{2} \mathbf{i}+x y \mathbf{j}\) on a particle that moves once around the
circle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction.
b. Use a computer algebra system to graph the force field and circle on the same screen. Use the graph to explain your answer to
part (a).
31. A thin wire is bent into the shape of a semicircle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4, x \geqslant 0\). If the linear density is a constant \(k\), find the
mass and center of mass of the wire.
32. A thin wire has the shape of the first-quadrant part of the circle with center the origin and radius \(a\). If the density function is \
(\rho(x, y)=k x y\), find the mass and center of mass of the wire.
33.
a. Write the formulas similar to Equations 4 for the center of mass \((\bar{x}, \bar{y}, \bar{z})\) of a thin wire in the shape of a space
curve \(C\) if the wire has density function \(\rho(x, y, z)\).
b. Find the center of mass of a wire in the shape of the helix \(x=2 \sin t, y=2 \cos t, z=3 t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2 \pi\), if the density
is a constant \(k\). of the helix \(x=t, y=\cos t, z=\sin t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2 \pi\), if the density at any point is equal to the square
of the distance from the origin.
34. Find the mass and center of mass of a wire in the shape of the helix \(x=t, y=\cos t, z=\sin t, 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2 \pi\), if the
density at any point is equal to the square of the distance from the origin.
35. If a wire with linear density \(\rho(x, y)\) lies along a plane curve \(C\), its moments of inertia about the \(x\) - and \(y\)-axes are
defined as
\[I_{x}=\int_{C} y^{2} \rho(x, y) d s \quad I_{y}=\int_{C} x^{2} \rho(x, y) d s\]
Find the moments of inertia for the wire in Example \(3 .\)
36. If a wire with linear density \(\rho(x, y, z)\) lies along a space curve \(C\), its moments of inertia about the \(x-, y-\), and \(z\)-axes
are defined as
\(I_{x}=\int_{C}\left(y^{2}+z^{2}\right) \rho(x, y, z) d s\)
\(I_{y}=\int_{C}\left(x^{2}+z^{2}\right) \rho(x, y, z) d s\)
\(I_{z}=\int_{C}\left(x^{2}+y^{2}\right) \rho(x, y, z) d s\)
Find the moments of inertia for the wire in Exercise 33.
37. Find the work done by the force field \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=x \mathbf{i}+(y+2) \mathbf{j}\) in moving an object along an arch of the
cycloid \(\mathbf{r}(t)=(t-\sin t) \mathbf{i}+(1-\cos t) \mathbf{j}\), \(0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2 \pi\)
38. Find the work done by the force field \(\mathbf{F}(x, y)=x^{2} \mathbf{i}+y e^{x} \mathbf{j}\) on a particle that moves along the
parabola \(x=y^{2}+1\) from \((1,0)\) to \((2,1)\).
39. Find the work done by the force field \(\mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=\left\langle x-y^{2}, y-z^{2}, z-x^{2}\right\rangle\) on a particle that
moves along the line segment from \((0,0,1)\) to \((2,1,0)\).
40. The force exerted by an electric charge at the origin on a charged particle at a point \((x, y, z)\) with position vector \(\
mathbf{r}=\langle x, y, z\rangle\) is \(\mathbf{F}(\mathbf{r})=K \mathbf{r} /|\mathbf{r}|^{3}\) where \(K\) is a constant. (See
Example 5 in Section 13.1.) Find the work done as the particle moves along a straight line from \((2,0,0)\) to \((2,1,5)\).
41. The position of an object with mass \(m\) at time \(t\) is \(\mathbf{r}(t)=a t^{2} \mathbf{i}+b t^{3} \mathbf{j}, 0 \leqslant t \
leqslant 1\)
a. What is the force acting on the object at time \(t\) ?
b. What is the work done by the force during the time interval \(0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1 ?\)
42. An object with mass \(m\) moves with position function
\[\mathbf{r}(t)=a \sin t \mathbf{i}+b \cos t \mathbf{j}+c t \mathbf{k} \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant \pi / 2\]
Find the work done on the object during this time period.
43. A 160 -lb man carries a \(25-\mathrm{lb}\) can of paint up a helical staircase that encircles a silo with a radius of \(20 \
mathrm{ft}\). If the silo is \(90 \mathrm{ft}\) high and the man makes exactly three complete revolutions climbing to the top, how
much work is done by the man against gravity?
44. Suppose there is a hole in the can of paint in Exercise 43 and \(9 \mathrm{lb}\) of paint leaks steadily out of the can during the
man's ascent. How much work is done?
45. If \(C\) is a smooth curve given by a vector function \(\mathbf{r}(t)\), \(a \leqslant t \leqslant b\), and \(\mathbf{v}\) is a constant
vector, show that
\[\int_{C} \mathbf{v} \cdot d \mathbf{r}=\mathbf{v} \cdot[\mathbf{r}(b)-\mathbf{r}(a)]\]
46. If \(C\) is a smooth curve given by a vector function \(\mathbf{r}(t)\), \(a \leqslant t \leqslant b\), show that
\[\int_{C} \mathbf{r} \cdot d \mathbf{r}=\frac{1}{2}\left[|\mathbf{r}(b)|^{2}-|\mathbf{r}(a)|^{2}\right]\]
47.
a. Show that a constant force field does zero work on a particle that moves once uniformly around the circle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=1\)
b. Is this also true for a force field \(\mathbf{F}(\mathbf{x})=k \mathbf{x}\), where \(k\) is a constant and \(\mathbf{x}=\langle x, y\
rangle\) ?
48. Experiments show that a steady current \(I\) in a long wire produces a magnetic field \(\mathbf{B}\) that is tangent to any circle
that lies in the plane perpendicular to the wire and whose
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center is the axis of the wire (as in the figure at the right). Ampère's Law relates the electric current to its magnetic effects and states
that
\[\int_{C} \mathbf{B} \cdot d \mathbf{r}=\mu_{0} I\]
where \(I\) is the net current that passes through any surface bounded by a closed curve \(C\), and \(\mu_{0}\) is a constant called
the permeability of free space. By taking \(C\) to be a circle with radius \(r\), show that the magnitude \(B=|\mathbf{B}|\) of the
magnetic field at a distance \(r\) from the center of the wire is
\[B=\frac{\mu_{0} I}{2 \pi r}\]