Back hoe –
is a heavy equipment vehicle that consists of a tractor-like unit fitted with a loader-
style shovel/bucket on the front and a backhoe on the back. Due to its (relatively) small size and
versatility, backhoe loaders are very common in urban engineering and small construction projects
(such as building a small house, fixing urban roads, etc.) as well as developing countries. ackhoe
loaders are very common and can be used for a wide variety of tasks: construction, small
demolitions, light transportation of building materials, powering building equipment, digging
holes/excavation, landscaping, breaking asphalt, and paving roads.
Back shovel- A shovel is a tool for digging, lifting, and moving bulk materials, such
as soil, coal, gravel, snow, sand, or ore.
Shovel is a tool used to dig as well as to move loose, granular materials (like dirt,
gravel, grain, or snow) from one spot to another. Spade is a tool used for digging
straight-edged holes or trenches, slicing and lifting sod, and edging flower beds or
lawns.
Crawler crane
A crawler crane has its boom mounted on an undercarriage fitted with a set of crawler tracks that
provide both stability and mobility. Crawler cranes range in lifting capacity from about 40 to 3,500 short
tons.
The main advantage of a crawler crane is its ready mobility and use, since the crane is able to operate on
sites with minimal improvement and stable on its tracks without outriggers. Wide tracks spread the
weight out over a great area and are far better than wheels at traversing soft ground without sinking in.
A crawler crane is also capable of traveling with a load. Its main disadvantage is its weight, making it
difficult and expensive to transport. Typically a large crawler must be disassembled at least into boom
and cab and moved by trucks, rail cars or ships to its next location.
Definition of shovel loader
A loading machine mounted on driven wheels by which it is forced into the loose rock at the
tunnel face. A bucket hinged to the chassis scoops up the material, which is elevated over and
discharged behind the machine. There are two types: (1) the bucket is discharged directly into a
mine car behind the machine, and (2) a short conveyor, built into the loader, receives the dirt
from the bucket and conveys it back into a car or conveyor.
Definition of tractor shovel
One of the names applied to a class of excavating equipment that has a bucket supported from
the front end of a tractor.
a shovel loader is a piece of heavy machinery that is used to move material and load it into another
piece or machinery or to another location. The shovel loader features a large bucket, or shovel, that
is attached to hydraulic arms that can manipulate the shovel into different positions. Because the
shovel is often very large and heavy, the shovel loader itself must by necessity be built to be a very
large machine capable of carrying large amounts of weight over rough terrain common at
construction sites.
tractor Shovels - Construction Machinery
These machines are sometimes called loaders or loader shovels and primary function is to scoop up
loose materials in the front mounted bucket, elevate the bucket and manoeuvre into a position to deposit
the loose material into an attendant transport vehicle. Tractor shovels are driven towards the pile of loose
material with the bucket lowered, the speed and power of the machine will enable the bucket to be filled.
Both tracked and wheeled versions are available, the tracked format being more suitable for wet and
uneven ground conditions than the wheeled tractor shovel which has greater speed and manoeuvring
capabilities.
A wheel loader is heavy weighted equipment that can be used in various industries,
including construction and farming. These are used to load materials, heavy or light or move
materials from one place to another. Wheel loaders have durable tyres and use a hydraulic
steering system. They have rugged threads or chains tied to the tyres. This allows
maneuverability. Wheel loaders can perform a variety of tasks and are thus versatile.
Tracked (or crawler) loaders are machines with a tracked
chassis and a loader that can be used for digging and
moving/loading materials. They are a versatile component
of any fleet, able to perform many tasks. These days,
loaders are most often needed to move heavy materials
on a construction site. They are well-suited for moving
wood chips, sand, rock and recycled materials. Crawler
loaders move on tracks, which can be manufactured using
different materials and a varying number of grousers to
make them capable of maneuvering various surfaces.
Hydrostatic drives simplify the operation of the machines.
Motor graders drive the rear axles in tandem, but some also add front wheel drive to improve
grading capability. Many graders also have optional attachments for the rear of the machine which
can be ripper, scarifier, blade, or compactor. In certain countries, for example in Finland, almost
every grader is equipped with a second blade that is placed in front of the front axle. raders are
commonly used in the construction and maintenance of dirt roads and gravel roads. In the
construction of paved roads, they are used to prepare the base course to create a wide flat surface
upon which to place the road surface.
Wheel Lean
The proper use of the front wheels is a great aid in both steering and grading. In
grading, lean the top of the wheels in the direction of the flow of material (the heel of
the blade). For example, as shown in figure 10-14, viewed from the operator's seat, the
toe of the blade is extended to the right of the grader side casting the material to the
left. The material cut at the toe of the blade causes a pulling force exerted on the front
end of the grader, wanting to pull the grader to the right. By leaning the top of the
wheels to the left (heel) counteracts this pulling force.
bulldozers are large and powerful tracked heavy equipment. The tracks give them excellent ground
holding capability and mobility through very rough terrain. Wide tracks help distribute the bulldozer's
weight over a large area (decreasing ground pressure), thus preventing it from sinking
in sandy or muddy ground. bulldozers are often used in road
building, construction, mining, forestry, land clearing, infrastructure development, and any other
projects requiring highly mobile, powerful, and stable earth-moving equipment.
A compactor is a machine or mechanism used to reduce the size of material such as waste material
or bio mass through compaction. Normally powered by hydraulics, compactors take many shapes
and sizes. In construction, there are three main types of compactor: the plate, the rammer, and
the road roller.
Steel Wheel Rollers
Steel wheel rollers are self-propelled compaction devices that use steel drums to
compress the underlying HMA. They can have one, two or even three drums,
although tandem (2 drum) rollers are most often used. The drums can be either
static or vibratory and usually range from 86 to 215 cm (35 to 85 inches) in width
and 50 to 150 cm (20 to 60 inches) in diameter. Roller weight is typically between
0.9 and 18 tonnes (1 and 20 tons) (see Figures 1 and 2).
