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E20214 Math Econ 03 Matrix and Cramer's Rule

This document contains a mathematics problem set on matrix operations and Cramer's Rule for solving systems of linear equations. It includes examples of adding and multiplying matrices, as well as using Cramer's Rule to solve 4 example systems of linear equations, showing the calculations and solutions for each system.

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136 views3 pages

E20214 Math Econ 03 Matrix and Cramer's Rule

This document contains a mathematics problem set on matrix operations and Cramer's Rule for solving systems of linear equations. It includes examples of adding and multiplying matrices, as well as using Cramer's Rule to solve 4 example systems of linear equations, showing the calculations and solutions for each system.

Uploaded by

John Chan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Econ 415/615 Mathematics for Economists Lau

Problem Set III Fall 2021

Matrix and Cramer’s Rule


1) Calculate the followings:
a) b)
 1 3  4 7   3 4  1 7
 +   − 
 4 5  3 2  4 3   −2 3 

c) d)
 2  2
( 3 4 5)  1   
 1  ( 3 4 5)
 3  3
   
 1 3  4 7 
e)   
 4 5 3 2

2) Solving the following systems of linear equations by the Cramer's rule:


a) b) c)
3x + 4 y − 7 z = 4
x + 2y = 7 x + y = 20
x − y + z = −2
−x + y = 8 x − y = 10
− x + 2 y + 8 z = 10

3) Solve the following system of linear equations using Cramer's Rule:


3 X + 2Y + Z = 9
4 X + 2Y = 4
a) b) X − 3Y + 2Z = 8
X − 3Y = 8
4 X − 10Y − 3Z = −1

3 X + 2Y + Z = 6 3 X + 3Y + Z = 3
c) X − 3Y + 2Z = 0 d) X − 4Y + 4Z = 1
4 X − 10Y − 3Z = −9 4 X − 10Y − 3Z = 4
Econ 415/615 Mathematics for Economists Lau
Problem Set III: Solution

 5 10   2 −3 
1a)   b)   c) ( 25 )
7 7  6 0 
 6 8 10 
   13 13 
d)  3 4 5  e)  
 9 12 15   31 38 
 
4 4 −7
−2 −1 1
 3 4 −7  x   4 
     10 2 8 22 22
2a)  1 −1 1  y  =  −2  x= =
3 4 −7 −73
=−
73
 −1 2 8  z   10 
     1 −1 1
−1 2 8
3 4 −7 3 4 4
1 −2 1 1 −1 −2
−1 10 8 −170 170 −1 2 10 −46 46
y= = = z= = =
3 4 −7 −73 73 3 4 −7 −73 73
1 −1 1 1 −1 1
−1 2 8 −1 2 8

7 2 1 7
 1 2  x   7  8 1 −9 −1 8 15
2b)    =   x= = = −3 y= = =5
 −1 1  y   8  1 2 3 1 2 3
−1 1 −1 1

20 1 1 20
1 1  x   20  10 −1 −30 1 10 −10
2c)    =   x= = = 15 y= = =5
1 −1 y   10  1 1 −2 1 1 −2
1 −1 1 −1
4 X + 2Y = 4
3a)
X − 3Y = 8
4 2 4 4
 4 2  X   4  8 −3 4  (−3) − 2  8 −28 1 8 4  8 − 1 4 28
   =    X = 4 2 = = = 2, Y = = = = −2
 1 −3  Y   8  4  (−3) − 1  2 −14 4 2 −14 −14
1 −3 1 −3
3 X + 2Y + Z = 9 3 2 1  X   9 
    
3b) X − 3Y + 2Z = 8 or 1 −3 2  Y  =  8 

4 X − 10Y − 3Z = −1  4 −10 −3    
 Z   −1
9 2 1
8 −3 2
−1 −10 −3 9  (−3)  (−3) + 8  (−10)  (1) + (−1)  2  2 − (−1)  (−3)  1 − 8  2  ( −3) − 9  ( −10)  2
X = =
3 2 1 3  (−3)  (−3) + 1  ( −10)  (1) + 4  2  2 − 4  ( −3)  1 − 1  2  ( −3) − 3  ( −10)  2
1 −3 2
4 −10 −3
222
= =2
111
3 9 1 3 2 9
1 8 2 1 −3 8
4 −1 −3 0 4 −10 −1 333
Y= = = 0, Z = = =3
3 2 1 111 3 2 1 111
1 −3 2 1 −3 2
4 −10 −3 4 −10 −3

3c) Solution: ( X , Y , Z ) = (1,1,1)

3d) Solution: ( X , Y , Z ) = (1,0,0)

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