Incorta Analytics

User Guide
Reviewed Feb 4, 2018
INCORTA ANALYTICS USER GUIDE, RELEASE 3.1

COPYRIGHT © 2018, INCORTA AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

INCORTA IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF INCORTA INCORPORATION AND/OR ITS

AFFILIATES. OTHER NAMES MAY BE TRADEMARKS OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS.

This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing
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as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy,
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or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or
decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The
information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be
error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing. If this software or related
documentation is delivered to the U.S. government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S.
government, the following notice is applicable:

U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS

Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S.
government customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data"
pursuant to the applicable federal acquisition regulation and agency-specific supplemental
regulations. As such, the use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject
to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable government contract, and, to the
extent applicable by the terms of the government contract, the additional rights set forth in far
52.227-19, Commercial computer software license (December 2007).

This software is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications.
It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including
applications, which may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software in dangerous
applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy
and other measures to ensure the safe use of this software. Incorta corporation and its affiliates
disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software in dangerous applications.

This software and documentation may provide access to or information on content, products
and services from third parties. Incorta corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and
expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third party content, products and
services. Incorta corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages
incurred due to your access to or use of third party content, products or services.

Author: Ahmed Elkady

Contributors: Matthew Halliday, Hichem Sellami, Mohamed Obide, Osama Elkady, Klaus Fabian,
Ahmed Eltanahy, Mohamed El Prince
Contents

Contents  3
About Incorta Analytics  6
Our Product  6
Our Philosophy  6
Organization of this Document  7
PART 1: Get Familiar with Incorta Analytics  8
What Type of User are You?  9
Consumer User  9
Analyze User  9
User Types and Permissions  10
Logging In  11
Functional Areas  13
Security  13
Data Sources & Data Files  13
Schemas  13
Content  13
Get Familiar with the Workspace  14
Elements of Your Workspace  14
Manage and Organize Your Workspace  16
Get Familiar with Dashboards  22
Insights  22
Visualizations  22

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 Tables  22
Key Performance Indicators  23
Data Analysis  24
Filter Data for Analysis  24
Types of Filters in Incorta Analytics  26
PART 2: Behind the Scenes  32
Data Management  33
Data Sources & Data Files  33
Data Sources  33
Schemas  41
The Schemas Page  41
The Schema Definition Page  42
The Table Details Page  42
Create a New Schema  48
Manage Schemas  52
Business Schemas  78
Overview  78
Using Business Schemas  79
Build a New Dashboard  105
Create a New Dashboard from the "Content" Page  106
Create a New Dashboard from within a Schema  107
Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer  108
Create Dashboard Filters  124
Show Empty Groups  127
The Formula Builder  130
URL drill-down  133
Advanced Features  135

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 Base Table  135
Query Plan  145
Share, send, or schedule a dashboard  148
Share a dashboard  148
Send a dashboard  149
Schedule a dashboard  151
The scheduler and data alerts  157
Dashboard schedules  157
Schema schedules  158
Data Alerts  163
App. A: Build the Right Insight  168
What's an Insight  168
App. B: Formula Functions  180
App. C: Date Variables  198
App. D: Load Filter Syntax  200
The operators table  200
The functions table  202
The date variables table  203

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About Incorta Analytics 1

Our Product
Incorta Analytics is a seamless, end-to-end analytical warehouse solution
engineered for simple and powerful real-time analysis of massive volumes of
data. High-impact graphical representations transform raw data from arcane
and inaccessible to clear and meaningful, delivering unprecedented insight into
patterns, trends, key performance indicators and their causality. Unification of
data sources into a single and secure source of truth ensures that all users at all
levels of the organization analyze, strategize, and collaborate around the latest
and most relevant information.
The Incorta Analytics platform removes the dependency on star schemas, pre-
aggregation, complex ETL processes, and a large data team. With Incorta’s
cloud technologies and mobile-first design, even a mobile user can merge
external real-time data sets like weather data with large-volume business data,
and then make informed time-sensitive decisions based on the results.

Our Philosophy
Incorta Analytics is driven by the belief that data analytics should not be
complex or frustrating. We are passionate about delivering full analytics for
business users with elegance and efficiency. With over one hundred years
of combined experience in developing applications, analytics and reporting
solutions for enterprise software firms including Oracle, Siebel, IBM & Microsoft,
we have stepped out of the old world of data analytics into a new one we’re
building ourselves.
At Incorta, we are not just passionate about analytics -- We are passionate
about our world. We want to make a positive impact beyond the direct role
of our product in the business sector. At key milestones in the past, we have
celebrated by sharing our success through giving away gifts like meals for
hungry children in Honduras, offering our software at reduced rates for startups,
and free of charge for non-profits, in the hope that our sharing will help others
solve some of the world’s most pressing issues.

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Organization of this Document 2

The information in this document is divided into two parts:

Part One, Get Familiar with Incorta, develops your understanding of the look
and feel of the available capabilities and features. This section describes the
basic end-user experience, and refers the reader to Part Two for details about
the implementation.
In Part Two, Behind the Scenes, you will find details about how to implement
the Dashboards, Insights, Filters, and other features described in Part One. The
section begins with Data Management as a foundation, and moves through the
design and implementation of Dashboards and the Insights they contain.

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 PART 1: Get Familiar with
Incorta Analytics

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 What Type of User are You? 3

Your role in the organization and the permissions you have been given
determine what functions you can perform in the Incorta Analytics application.
This guide is written for the Analyze User and Incorta Analytics administrator.

Consumer User
A Consumer User can view Dashboards and drill down into the details of the
data to gain valuable business insights. A Consumer User can also share and
export Dashboards. This user cannot create, copy, or edit, Dashboards, Insights,
or Schemas. They have no access to the datasources or data files in Incorta
Analytics.
The user should contact their administrator to request new dashboards or
Insights, or changes the structures underlying the Insights. The administrator
cannot assign additional permissions to a user working on a Consumer User
license.

Analyze User
An Analyze User has access to the Analyzer tool to build Insights, can view and
drill down on dashboards and Insights, and may be given other permissions as
well.
The Analyzer allows the user to develop Insights based on existing schemas and
data sources by relating data elements to each other and applying appropriate
filters. This user also customizes the appearance of the Insights by positioning
them on the Dashboard and by choosing table and chart styles.
The Incorta Analytics administrator may assign additional roles or permissions
for an Analyze user.

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 User Types and Permissions

Dashboard Function Consumer Analyzer

View ✓ ✓
Share ✓ ✓
Favorite ✓ ✓
Export ✓ ✓
Create Dashboards ✓
Create Insights ✓
Edit ✓
Copy ✓
Move ✓
Delete ✓

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 Logging In
You can use an iPad or internet browser to access the Incorta Analytics
application. If you are using a browser, enter or follow the URL provided by
your organization to navigate to the login screen. You can use Chrome, Safari,
Firefox, or Internet Explorer. If you are using an iPad, tap on the Incorta app to
navigate to the login screen.
In the login screen:
1. Provide the tenant name (ask the administrator for this info).
2. Enter your username, and password, which is case-sensitive.

Note:
The version number and release date are displayed at the bottom left-
hand side of the screen.

If you forgot your password:

1. Click Forgot?.
2. Provide the Tenant, Username, and email information.

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 3. Click Send Password.

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 Functional Areas
On the left-hand side of the screen, you can navigate between different
functional areas in the Incorta Analytics application. Only items in the left-hand
side menu, for which you have permission, will be displayed. For example, you
may not have permission to manipulate users, groups, and roles in the Security
area. In this case, you would not see the Security icon.

Security
In the Security area, users with the necessary permissions can define and
maintain users, groups, and roles. For more information, see the "Management
Security" section in the Incorta Analytics Security Management Guide.

Data Sources & Data Files

This area is the interface for connecting data sources and data files to Incorta
Analytics for data ingestion. This is typically the role of the schema developer,
but may be performed by an end user who has the Analyze User role. For more
information see Data Management.

Schemas
The Schemas area is used by an Analyze User to define and maintain schemas
and session variables. For more information, see Data Management.

Content
The Content page gives you access to Folders and Dashboards. The My
Content tab contains only the folders and dashboards that you own. The Shared
Content tab contains only the content that has been shared with you by another
user. Finally, the All Content tab displays the folders and dashboards that you
both own and have access to (i.e. shared with you by another user).

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 Get Familiar with the Workspace
After logging in, the first screen you see is the "Content" page -- your portal to
the application. To return to this page from anywhere in the application, click
the Incorta logo in the upper left-hand corner of the screen.

Elements of Your Workspace

In the Content page, there are three tabs at the top of the screen, as shown
in the previous image. Select the tab that corresponds to the type of content
you would like to display. The "All Content" tab displays all the content that
you have access to, including what you own and what’s shared with you. The
"Shared Content" tab displays what is shared with you. The "My Content" tab
displays only the content that you own.

Folders and Dashboards

The main body of the "Content" page is divided into Folders and Dashboards.
Click the action menu (piled horizontal dashes) corresponding to a folder or
dashboard to customize your workspace.

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 The Search Box
The search box at the top center of the screen is context-aware. It knows, for
instance, that when you are in your workspace (i.e. Content page), you would be
looking for Dashboards and Folders, not for rows of data. When you are inside
a specific Dashboard, the search box returns results pertaining only to that
dashboard, and that has not already been filtered out. This smart function limits
the results list as you type, so you find the most relevant match quickly.

Add an Object
The "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen is a context-aware
button. Where available, clicking it allows you to add the object appropriate for
where you are. For example, from the "Content" page, it allows you to create a
folder , or create/import a dashboard to your Workspace. From the "Schemas"
page, it allows you to add or import schemas.

Account Access
The user account icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen displays the
current user information and allows users to:
1. View and edit profile:
• Change your password and image.
• Set your language, location, and date and time preferences
2. Log out of the application.

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 Manage and Organize Your Workspace
This section contains information about organizing the workspace, including
creating, moving, renaming, copying, deleting, sharing, and exporting content.

Create a new folder/dashboard or import a dashboard.

You can choose whether to create a folder/dashboard from the "Content"
(landing) page in the root folder, or create them from within another folder. You
can also import a dashboard into your workspace.

To create a new folder/dashboard in the root folder:

1. Navigate to the "Content" page.
2. Click the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.
3. Select "Create Folder", "Create Dashboard", or "Import Dashboard" from the
drop-down menu.

To create a new folder/dashboard from within another folder:

1. Navigate to the parent folder.
2. Click the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.
3. Select "Create Folder", "Create Dashboard", or "Import Dashboard" from the
drop-down menu.

Actions for existing folders and dashboards

There are a few actions you can perform with existing folders and dashboards
to help you organize your workspace and export or share them with others. You

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 will notice that every dashboard or folder tile contains three piled bars to click
and access the action menu.

You will notice a small difference in the action menus for folders and
dashboards, as dashboard actions are not quite the same as folder actions. You
can share, move, rename, or delete a folder.

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 Not only can you perform the folders actions for dashboards, you can also copy
or export a dashboard, from the dashboards action menu.

Place objects in a folder

To place a folder or dashboard in an existing (parent) folder:

1. Locate the object you want to move.
2. Click on the corresponding three piled bars, the action menu opens.
3. Click on Move.
4. Select the parent folder where you want to place the current object.

Rename Folders and Dashboards

1. Locate the object you want to rename.

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 2. Click on the corresponding three piled bars, the action menu opens.
3. Click on Rename.
4. Type a new name in the name field.
5. Click Rename.

6. Click Done.

Copy a Dashboard
Note: Folders cannot be copied.
1. Locate the object you want to copy.
2. Click on Copy, a window with destination folders opens.

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 Select the destination folder where you want to paste the copied object.

Note:

If you do not select a parent folder, the copy will be placed in the root folder,
and the object name will be appended with “Copy.” Additional copies will be
appended with numbers (e.g. “Copy2.”), according to the number of existing
copies.
3. Click Copy.

Import a Dashboard
Incorta Analytics supports the import of data in a .xml format. In order to import
a dashboard, its schema, including tables and columns, you must match the
schema into which it is imported.
1. From your Workspace or a Folder (the destination of the imported dashboard)
click the "+" icon and choose Import Dashboard.
2. Click Select from your PC.

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 3. Select a dashboard to import.
4. Click Open.
Note:
If there is a naming conflict due to the existence of a dashboard with the
same name, you will be prompted to go back and either rename the imported
Dashboard with a unique name, or check the "Overwrite" checkbox to replace the
existing dashboard.

Share Folders and Dashboards

1. Navigate to the object you want to share.
2. Click on the corresponding three piled bars.
3. Click on Share.
4. Type in the search box to select individual users or groups with whom to share.
5. Choose a permission level to the user or group.
6. The "Can Share" permission includes "Can View".
7. The "Can Edit" permission includes "Can Share" and "Can View".
8. Click Save.

Export Dashboards as .xml

1. Navigate to the dashboard you want to export.
2. Click on the corresponding three piled bars.
3. Click Export.
4. The .xml file will be exported to your computer.

Download Insights
1. Open the Dashboard where the Insight is located.
2. Click on the download icon in the upper right-hand corner of the Insight..
3. Select either "Download CSV" or "Download XLSX".

Delete Folders and Dashboards

1. Navigate to the object you want to delete.
2. Click on the corresponding three piled bars.

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 3. Confirm the action to delete the object.
4. Click Delete.

Get Familiar with Dashboards

A dashboard is a screen or page that displays data Insights and visualizations.
The contents of a dashboard are defined by an Analyze user. For information
about designing dashboard contents see Data Management to learn about the
underlying data structures, and then see Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer.

Insights
In Incorta Analytics, an Insight refers to any component representing data in a
dashboard. There are four types of Insights, any or all of which can be placed on
a single dashboard: Visualizations (charts), Tables, Key Performance Indicators
(KPI)/Highlights and Gauges.

Visualizations
A Visualization presents data in an intuitive graphical form such as a pie chart,
line graph, or bar chart. Incorta creates elegant, feature-rich charts and graphs.

Tables
Incorta Analytics provides a wide and flexible selection of tables, from
simple row-column tables to pivot and summary tables that display complex

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 relationships between dimensions. These tables can group data and make
measurements using aggregate functions including Sum, Count, Average,
Median, Maximum, and Minimum to make large amounts of data meaningful at
a glance.

Key Performance Indicators

A Key Performance Indicator (KPI) Insight presents key data in the form of a
single value to provide instant feedback on the state of the business. As the
name suggests, a KPI is a measurement of performance for a business process.

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 Data Analysis 4

Filter Data for Analysis

Incorta Analytics enables you to fully engage with your data at every level, from
the broadest overview to the smallest detail. At a high level, Incorta Analytics
Insights give overviews and summaries. As you explore your data, Insights help
you focus on the details. Digging into the details is called “drilling down” on
the data, and is done by applying one or more filters.
In fact, every dashboard and every Insight is based on the application of filters
that limit and structure the presentation of your data. This section describes how
Incorta Analytics filters work. For information about creating and applying filters,
see Build a New Dashboard.

Concepts in Filtering
The following concepts and definitions will help you understand and design
Insights in Incorta Analytics. It is useful to think of filters in terms of a data table
with rows, columns, and data.

Familiarize yourself with the following concepts:

Attribute: Any fact about or trait of a person, place or thing. For example,
attributes of a customer might include First Name, Last Name, Gender, and City.

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 Attributes of a car might include its Make, Model, Color, and Mileage. Attributes
of a Country could include Country Name, Capital City, and Population.
Attribute Value: The value associated with an attribute for a specific person,
place or thing. Values for the First Name attribute might include Sam, Jane, or
Carlo. In the table above, Electronics, Hardware, etc. are attribute values for
Category.
Dimension: An attribute is used to structure data. In the table above, there are
two dimensions: “Category” describes the category for which the values in that
row apply. “Year” describes the year for which the values in that column apply.
Category and Year are both attributes that are used to structure the table.
Parameter: A limiting attribute value. For example, if you want to display only
electronics-specific data, type "electronics" (the value of the Category attribute)
as a parameter.
Filter: A dimension plus a parameter equals a filter. The filter “(Category =
electronics)” has a dimension of Category and a parameter of electronics. When
the filter is applied, the table looks like this:

You could also use “2009” and “2010” as filter parameters. The filter would
read: “(Year = 2009, 2010)” and the table would look as shown below:

By adding filter parameters, you can drill down into the details or narrow the
scope of your data. You can apply as many filters as needed to get to the level
of detail that you want.
No matter which parameters you choose, the dimensions will remain the same.

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 "Electronics" is still in the "Category" dimension, and "2009" and "2010" are
still in the "Year" dimension.

Types of Filters in Incorta Analytics

This section describes the types of filters available to users in Incorta Analytics.
For information about creating these filters, see Build a New Dashboard and
Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer.

Dashboard Applied Filter:

A Dashboard Applied Filter is a permanent part of the dashboard. The filter is
implicitly applied to all Insights in the dashboard, but is not shown at the top of
the screen. To create a Dashboard Applied Filter, click on the gear icon at the
top right-hand corner of the dashboard. For more information, see Set Up a
Dashboard Applied Filter.

Dashboard Runtime Filters:

A Dashboard Runtime Filter is available to the end user in the Filters menu to
the left of the search box. The filter may or may not have a default value, and
may be optional or mandatory.

Default Runtime Filters

A Default Filter is a Dashboard Runtime Filter that is set to a value and active by
default. It appears at the top of the dashboard when active. When not active, a
default filter can be activated from the Filter menu to the left of the search box
at the top of the dashboard.

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 Mandatory versus Optional Default Runtime Filters: A Default Runtime Filter
may be optional (white background) for the user, meaning they can
delete it, or mandatory (blue background), meaning they cannot view
the dashboard without this filter applied. If the filter is of blue background and
no X symbol appears in the filter label, the filter is mandatory.
A Consumer or Analyze user can deactivate an Optional Default Runtime Filter
while using the dashboard by clicking the X symbol on the filter label, and can
be activated by selecting it from the Filter menu next to the search box at the
top of the dashboard. Clicking "Remove All" will deactivate all Optional Default
Runtime Filters.
For a Mandatory Default Filter, the user can change or add parameters, but
the filter must always have at least one parameter. Clicking Remove All will
not remove mandatory filters. In the screenshot below, there are two Default
Runtime Filters applied to the Dashboard. The Year filter is mandatory, but the
Category filter is optional.

Single vs. Multi-Select Default Runtime Filters: The Analyze User can choose
to limit a Default Runtime Filter to a single parameter at a time or to allow
multiple parameters. For a single-select filter, a new filter parameter replaces
the previous one. For a multi-select filter, more than one parameter can be
applied to the filter at the same time. A checkmark appears to the right of each
selected value. Check or uncheck values as needed and click “Filter” in the
upper right corner of the menu to apply your changes.
In the above figure, Year is a mandatory, multi-select filter while Category is an
optional, single-select filter.

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 For more information about creating Default Filters, see Build and Edit Insights:
The Analyzer.
Insight Definition Filter: An Insight Definition Filter is a permanent part of the
Insight. It affects only the Insight for which it was created and it does not appear
at the top of the Insight or dashboard. To create an Insight Definition Filter, click
on Analyze at the bottom left corner of the Insight, and then on the filter icon in
the upper right corner of the Analyzer. For more information, see Build and Edit
Insights: The Analyzer.
The title of the Dashboard or Insight should inform the user of the presence of
any Definition Filters. For example, an Insight that was designed to show order
data for female customers should have a title like “Sales Orders for Female
Customers.” If the design filters to the current calendar year, an informative title
might be “Sales Orders for Female Customers, Year to Date.”

User Filters
A User Filter is applied when a Consumer or Analyze User drills down in an
Insight.
In this example, the pie chart shows the percentage of revenue for the United
States, by state. Note that there is a Defining Filter applied to this Insight:
“(Region = United States)”. A Consumer User cannot alter a Defining Filter, so
even if the rest of the dashboard shows worldwide data, this Insight shows data
only for the Region specified in the Defining Filter.

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 Note: Using the Back Button During Drill-Down
When you drill down on an Insight, the browser’s back button does not
return you to the most recent step in the drill-down. To move upward
through a drill-down path, click Remove Allto remove the filters shown at
the top of the screen.

Apply User Filters Across Dashboards

When you apply a User filter to one Insight, the same filter is applied to each
Insight on your dashboard. This is true for any User Filter, regardless of which
filtering method you use. The following figure represents an example of a
dashboard before applying a runtime filter across it.
Filter Bookmark
Filters can be bookmarked to be accessed later without having to repeat the
filter selection process.
Add a Bookmark Filter
Once the filters are applied, you can add a bookmark filter by doing the
following:
1. Click on the add-a-bookmark icon next to the applied filters at the top
center of the screen, just under the search box.

2. When the "Add New Bookmark" window appears, enter a name for the new
bookmark (e.g. New Bookmark).

3. Click Add.

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 Access a Bookmark Filter
You can access the bookmark you created by clicking on the bookmark icon ,
to the left of the search box at the top center of the screen.

Delete a Bookmark Filter

To delete a bookmark filter:
1. Click on the bookmark icon to the left of the search box at the top center of
the screen, to access the drop-down menu.

2. Click on Edit at the top left of the bookmark drop-down menu, a red circle
will appear next to each bookmark.

3. Click on the red circle to the left of the bookmark you want to delete. Delete
will appear to the right-hand side of the bookmark.

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 4. Click on Delete.

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 PART 2: Behind the
Scenes

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 Data Management 5

This chapter describes how to set up and manage the data structures that
underlie each dashboard and Insight you build, including data sources and files,
schemas, and tables. Read this before attempting to build dashboards and
Insights.

Data Sources & Data Files

This section describes how to browse connected data sources, define new ones,
or browse and upload data files.

Data Sources
Data Sources are external databases or applications that you can connect to
Incorta Analytics. The data souces supported by Incorta Analytics are:
Apache Drill, Apache Hive, Box, Dropbox, Google Drive, IBM DB2, Kafka,
MySQL, Netezza, NetSuite, Oracle, PostgreSQL, RedShift, SalesForce, SAP
Hana, SAP Sybase IQ, ServiceNow, SQL Server, SQL Server (jTDS), Teradata,
Vertica, and Zuora. Custom data sources are also supported. You can upload
your custom JDBC library and provide its connection string and driver class to
connect to your data. In order to load the data to the Incorta Analytics engine,
you need to create a connection to your data source.
To view a list of defined "Data Source" connections, go to the"Data Sources"
tab in the "Data Sources & Data Files" page. You can access this page from the
menu on the left-hand side of the screen.

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 Creating a New Data Source Connection
1. Click the + symbol at the top right-hand corner of the "Data Sources" page.
The Add New Data Source dialogue window opens.

2. Click on "Select Database" in the "Database" field to choose a database type.

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 a. If you do not want to connect to a file located on Google Drive, Box, or
Dropbox, go to step 3. To connect to a file (data source) located on any of
the fore mentioned applications, select the one you want, Google Drive for
example. It is important to note that the "https" protocol must be enabled,
which can be done during or post installation.
b. If you have already configured Google Drive in the admin UI, go to step
c. To connect for the first time, an authorization needs to be done in the
admin UI (which can be accessed by the system admin at http://<IP_
ADDRESS>:<PORT_NO>/incorta/admin). After logging in, go to Tenants >
Tenant_Name > Miscellaneous to add the following parameters:
• Google Drive Client ID
• Google Drive Client Secret
Note that changing any of above requires restarting Incorta.
c. Click Authorize. A new browser will open to authorize you in the appication
portal using your email address and password (which is not accessible by
Incorta Analytics).

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 d. Once authorized, click Select to locate the data source on Google Drive.

Note:
Ensure that file names inside the drives (Google, Box, and Dropbox) is
UNIQUE. Handling Multiple files with same name (including recovering a
deleted file on Google Drive/Box/Dropbox having the same name as an
existing file) is not handled in current version. In Google drive, It allows to
have multiple files with same name and this is not valid in incorta.
In DropBox, Trial version, it is not allowed to have multiple files with same
name. If you even deleted a file, and then uploaded another one with
same name, the Trash is emptied automatically
Known Issue:
When a file is dropped or renamed in Google drive, the effect is not
reflected immediately in Incorta.

3. Fill out the fields and click Add Data Source.

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 4. Click the Test Connection button. The connection test status window appears.
5. Click OK.

Note:
If you are using a custom JDBC driver that was not shipped with Incorta
Analytics, place your driver in $INCORTA_HOME/server/lib/.

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 Modify Data Source Connection
1. Click on the data source name from the Data Sources list.
2. Modify the Data Source connection data and click Save Changes.
3. Click the Test Connection button.

Test Data Source Connectivity

Click the Test Connection button that corresponds to the data source to be
tested.

Delete Data Source

1. Select one or more data source(s) by checking the box to the left. An Actions
menu will appear at the top right corner of the screen.
2. Choose Delete Selection from the menu.
3. Confirm that you want to delete the data source.

Data Files
Data Files is the place where you can upload data files directly from your
computer.

Upload a New Data File

Incorta Analytics enables users to upload data files with a wide range
of extensions (e.g. xlsx, csv, tsv, tab, txt, zip). Zipped files are unzipped
automatically after the upload. Password-enabled Excel data files can also be
uploaded, where developers would need to enter the password when creating
a table based on this file. Additionally, administrators must enable this feature in
the admin UI under "Tenant Configurations", download the Java Cryptography
Extension (JCE) Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy Files 8 from the Oracle
website at: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce8-
download-2133166.html, and place the jar files in the "<INSTALLATION_
PATH>/server/lib" directory.

To upload a data file to Incorta:

1. Go to the "Data Sources and Data Files" page.
2. Click on the "Data Files" tab. A list of uploaded data files appears.

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 3. Click the + symbol at the top right corner of the screen. The "New Data File"
window appears.
4. Select a file to upload from your computer. Zipped files are unzipped
automatically after the upload.

Share a Data File

1. Navigate to the "Data Sources and Data Files" page.
2. Click on the name of the file to be shared. The “Share Data File” window opens.

3. Click on the + symbol at the top right-hand corner.

4. Type in the search box to select individual users or groups with whom to share.
5. Select a permission level to assign to the user, or group.

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 6. Click Save.

Update a Data File

To update a Data File:

1. Upload a new version of the file you want to update with the same name.
2. Click Continue when you are prompted to replace the existing file.

Delete a Data File

1. Select the data file(s) you intend to delete. An Actions menu appears in the
upper right-hand corner of the screen.
2. Select "Delete Selection" from the drop-down menu.
3. Click Delete to confirm that you want to delete the data file.

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 Schemas
A schema is a collection of tables that provide the underlying structure for a
dashboard. This structure must be created before dashboards and Insights can
be designed.

The Schemas Page

To begin, you should be familiar with the "Schemas" page, which displays all
the schemas that exist in your Incorta Analytics Server. In the Schemas Page,
you can sort any column (except for the "Permission" column) by clicking the
header of that column. Notice a small arrow appearing next to the header you
click on to indicate the sorting column and direction (upward/downward).

The "Schema" column contains the name of each schema. Click directly on a
schema name in this column to view or modify its definition, including tables,
columns, filters, and joins. For more information on defining a schema structure,
see Create a New Schema.
The "Status" column indicates whether the schema’s data is loaded and current.
If an exclamation mark appears in this column, it means that the schema’s data
needs to be loaded. For more information, see Load Data.
The "Permission" column lists the permission granted for the logged-in user for
each schema.
The "Owner" column contains the name of the owner for each of the listed
schemas.
"Last Load Status" displays the timestamp from the most recent data load, or a
message indicating that the data needs to be loaded. To view a schema loading
activities and type (full/incremental), hover over that schema and click Details.
For more information, see Load Data.

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 "Memory Used" indicates the size of the schema including all of its data and
measures after the data is loaded into the schema.
"Total Memory Used" in the header bar indicates memory consumed by all
schemas for which data is loaded.
Use the checkboxes to access the schema settings, export, or delete one or
more schemas. When you check a box, the "Actions" menu appears in the
upper right-hand corner of the screen.
Use the "+" symbol to add a new schema. For details, see Create a New
Schema.

The Schema Definition Page

Navigate to the Schema Definition page by clicking on a schema name. Here,
you can view statistics about the schema and access its tables. Each table is
represented with an icon representing its data source. For example, if the table
uses a CSV file as its data source, it will show an icon with "CSV" on it. If the
data source is an SQL, it will show "SQL". If the table is multi-source, the icon
will show "Multi", etc. To access a table definition, click on the down arrow
corresponding to that table and select "Table Details".

The Table Details Page

In a table details page, you can:
• find information about its datasource(s) and columns,
• Create Formula Columns, Runtime Security Filters, joins, and Load Filter. For
information about modifying table details, see Edit Schema Structure.

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 Set up a table for incremental loading
This feature enables loading only the data that has been generated since it
was last loaded into Incorta Analytics. To use this feature, ensure that a CDC
(Change Data Capture) column exists in the table you are loading incrementally.
Otherwise, it would be fully loaded even if you select the "Incremental" loading
option when loading data in The Schema Definition Page. An SQL update query
will be needed to fetch the updated data from the server.

To enable Incremental Loading:

1. Click on "Schemas & Session Variables" on the left-hand side, to navigate to the
"Schemas" page. Click on the "Schemas" tab.

2. Click on the schema that contains the table to be loaded incrementally, to get
to the schema definition page.
3. Click on the down arrow corresponding to the table of interest on the right-
hand sid.

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 4. Select "Table Details" to go to the table details page.

5. Click on the datasource where the data is located. The "Data Source" window
appears.

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 6. Enable incremental loading to show the "Update Query" field.

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 7. Copy the query from the "Query" field and paste it into the "Update Query"
field, and append it with the update statement "where <CDC_column>>?".
Note that "?" refers to the last successful load start time.
8. Click Save. to get back to the table definition page.

9. Click Done at the top right-hand corner of the screen, or click Cancel to ignore

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 the changes.

Add a Data Source to a Table

With Incorta you can create multi-source tables. To add a source table, click
on the add button in the data source list at the top of the Table Details page.
However, it is important to note that in the case of an existing materialized-
view table, this feature, and thus the add button, would be disabled. The
following screenshots show a multi-source data source list with, and without, a
materialized-view table.

Column Definition Features

In the "Columns" section, you can select what columns to appear in the Source
Elements List in the Analyzer, and define the column features. When you cmake
changes, you must perform a refresh from snapshot in order for the change(s) to
take effect.
"Name" lists the columns of the table. Uncheck the box for any column(s) you
do not want to include in your schema.
"Label" displays a user-friendly name for the column. This name should be
descriptive of the data in the column. Customize labels here as needed. This

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 can be done by clicking in the cell you want to rename and typing the name you
may find appropriate.
"Type" indicates the data type. You can choose the data type that the column
contains. You can choose it to be either date, double, integer, long, string, or
null.
"Function" indicates whether the column is a key, dimension or measure.
Incorta Analytics' auto-intelligence assigns a default value. To change the
function, click on the current value and choose from the drop-down list.

Key - Assign the Key function to columns used to uniquely identify each
record. Keys are used for table joins and for incremental refresh of data.
During an incremental load, each record with an existing key is updated, and
each record with no matching key is inserted.
Dimension - Assign the Dimension function to columns used to categorize
or group data, such as country, state and city, or days, months and years. In
a line graph or bar chart, a dimension used for grouping is plotted on the
x-axis, while a dimension used to give a count is plotted on the y-axis.
Measure - Assign the Measure function to columns used to measure and
aggregate data. Data from these columns must be plotted on the y-axis
and with the proper aggregation function. For information about setting the
aggregation function, see Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer.

If you are not sure which function to assign, you can change the value at any
time after the schema has been created. See Change the Function of a Column.

Create a New Schema

There are three ways to create a new schema:
• From the Schemas Page.
• Using the Schema Wizard.

A. Create a New Schema from the Schemas Page

1. Go to the "Schemas" page.
2. Click on the "+" symbol in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. In the
drop-down menu, choose one of the two methods; Create Schema or Schema
Wizard.

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 3. Select Create Schema. The "New Schema" dialogue box appears.

4. Enter a schema name and description in their respective fields.

5. Click Create.

6. Start creating tables in the schema.

a. Specify the type of your data source to start adding tables to your schema.
b. Select a data source.
c. Create a query and click Update Columns.
7. Once the schema has been created, customize its tables and columns as
needed, see Edit Schema Structure.

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 C. Create a New Schema using the Schema Wizard
The Schema Wizard is the simplest way to create a new schema. The wizard
walks you through a series of steps to build the schema, add tables to it,
customize it, and automatically create table joins if required.
1. Go to the Schemas page.
2. Click on the + symbol at the top right corner. A drop-down menu appears.
3. Select Schema Wizard. The wizard opens.

Schema Wizard Step 1: Select Data Source

1. Give your new schema a name and description.
2. Select your datasource for this schema. The datasource must have been added
and the data must have been loaded.
3. Leave the checkbox marked to have Incorta automatically create required table
joins. You can edit or add joins later if needed. Uncheck this box if you want to
create joins manually.
4. Click Next.

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 Schema Wizard Step 2: Build and Customize Schema

1. Choose a database schema from the left-hand side of the screen.

2. Now the list shows the tables in the selected database. Select one or more
tables to add to your schema. Each table you add appears in the main section
of the page.

3. Expand each table to edit the columns definitions for your schema.

4. Select columns and set labels, mapping types and functions as needed. For
details, see Column Definition Features.

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 5. Click the blue arrow to edit the SQL query that Incorta uses to retrieve and load
data.
6. Click the red X to delete this table from your new schema.
7. When you have finished checking and/or customizing the columns for each
table, click Next.

Schema Wizard Step 3: Save Schema

Manage Schemas
Load Data
1. Navigate to the "Schemas" tab in the "Schemas & Session Variables" page.

2. Click on a schema to go to that schema page, not the checkbox.

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 3. Click "Load" in the upper right-hand corner of the schema page. A drop-down
menu appears.
4. Hover over "Load now" and select the loading type from the submenu.

• Full: Select this option to perform a full schema load. This is typically done
the first time data is loaded into Incorta Analytics, or for a full refresh of the
data. To perform "Full" loading:
a. Select "Full" from the Load drop-down menu. The confirmation box
appears.

b. Click Load to proceed with the full load, otherwise click Cancel.
• Incremental: Select this option to load only the data that has been
generated in the data source since it was last loaded. Incorta Analytics uses
an SQL query to fetch the new data from the server. Incremental loading
only applies to tables for which it has been enabled, see Set up a table for
incremental loading. Note that a CDC (Change Data Capture) column MUST

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 exist within this table. Otherwise, it will be fully loaded even if you select this
option. To perform "Incremental" loading:
a. Select "Incremental" from the "Load" drop-down menu. The
confirmation box appears.

b. Click Load to proceed with the incremental load, otherwise click Cancel.
• Staging: Select this option to load data from the Incorta Analytics staging
area. This is the area where all the data gets extracted, but only data
specified by the Load Filter (defined in the Table Details page) gets loaded
into the Incorta engine. If there is no load filter defined, choosing this option
would load the extracted data into the staging area only, where as choosing
the "Full" load option would also load the data into the Incorta engine. You
may choose to load all schema tables from staging ( by selecting "Staging"
from the "Load" drop-down menu at the top of the schema definition page),
or individual schema table(s) (by clicking on the down arrow corresponding
to any table in the schema definition page and selecting "Load from
Staging"). In this case, you do not have to refresh the schema if it has
already been loaded. To load data from "Staging":
a. Select "Staging" from the "Load" drop-down menu. The confirmation
box appears.

b. Click Load to proceed with the staging load, otherwise click Cancel.
• Snapshot: Select this option to load data into the schema from an Incorta
Analytics data snapshot persistence, rather than directly from the data
source. The snapshot is updated with every full/incremental load, and could
be used to restore the latest successfully loaded data in the situation of a
load failure. To load data from a snapshot:

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 a. Select "Snapshot" from the "Load" drop-down menu. The confirmation
box appears.

b. Click Load to proceed with the load from a snapshot, otherwise click
Cancel.

NOTE:
If you receive a Loading Error, contact your system administrator. The error
is logged in $INCORTA_HOME/server/logs/catalina.out.

Schedule a schema to load automatically

To schedule a schema load job, refer to Schema schedules.

Entity Relationship Diagram

Incorta Analytics provides a convenient way to show the relationship diagram of
the tables used within a specific schema. Follow the steps below to learn more
about using this feature:
1. Navigate to the "Schemas" tab in the "Schemas & Session Variables" page.

2. Select a schema to see its ERD by clicking on its row, not the checkbox.

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 3. Click on "Diagram" in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

Edit Schema Settings, Share a Schema, Set tables loading sequence

You can easily Add/Edit a schema description, Share a schema with other users
and groups, and Set the loading sequence for a schema tables in the "Settings"
menu for that schema. You may access a schema settings menu from the
"Schemas" page or from the schema definition page. To learn more, refer to
Edit schema settings from the schemas page, or Edit schema settings from the
schema definition page.

Edit schema settings from the schemas page

You may edit a schema settings from the "Schemas" tab in the "Schemas &
Session Variables" page. To access it:

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 1. Navigate to the "Schemas" tab in the "Schemas & Session Variables" page.

2. Select the checkbox next to one schema only to edit its settings. The "Actions"
menu appears in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. Note that selecting
ticking more than one checkbox affects the items available in the "Actions"
menu.

3. Click "Actions" in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

4. Select "Schema settings" from the drop-down menu. The "Schema Settings"
window appears.

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 Edit schema settings from the schema definition page
You may edit a schema settings from the definition page of that schema. To
access it:
1. Navigate to the "Schemas" tab in the "Schemas & Session Variables" page.

2. Click on a schema to access the definition page for that schema by clicking on
its row, not the checkbox. The schema definition page opens.

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 3. Click on the gear (settings) icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.
The "Schema Settings" window appears.

Add/Edit a schema description

In the schema settings window, you can add/edit a schema description.

To add or edit a schema desctiption, simply use the following steps:

1. Click on the "Settings" tab.

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 2. Add or edit the schema description in the "Schema Description" field.
3. Click Save Changes.

Share a schema with other users and groups

In the schema settings window, you can easily share a schema with other users
and groups, and set their permissions on that schema.

To share a schema with other users and groups, simply use the following
steps:
1. Click on the "Sharing" tab.

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 2. Click on + in the upper right-hand corner to add users/groups. The search bar
appears with the least privilege (i.e. "Can View") selected by default.

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 3. Enter a name, email address, or group name to share the schema with. Once
you start typing, suggestions will be displayed to help you choose.

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 4. Select a user/group. The permissions menu appears.

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 5. Select a permission for the selected user or group.
6. Click Save. Note that each permission includes the one on top of it (e.g. if a
user has the "Can Share" permission, they will automatically have the "Can
View" permission). The sharing wizard closes, returning back to the "Shared
With" list, showing all the users along with their permission level.

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 7. Click on the permission (in blue) corresponding to a user to either change their
permission level, or remove them and stop sharing the schema with them.

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 8. Select a privilege and click Save, or Cancel to ignore the changes.

Set the loading sequence for a schema tables

When loading a schema, you can easily set the extraction sequence for the
tables wihtin that schema. This can be done by giving each table a number,
and they will be extracted in an ascending order according to that number.
For example, if there are five tables; two of which share the same load order
of 1 and the rest have the load order of 2, the two tables of the order 1 will be
extracted in parallel first. After loading is successful, the rest of the tables will
follow.

To set the tables extraction sequence, simply use the following steps:
1. Click on the "Tables load order" tab. The tables list appears with the
corresponding extraction sequence number, defaulted at 10.

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 2. Click in the "Table Load Order" column corresponding to any table and enter
the extraction order for that table. The default extraction order for all tables is
10, meaning that they will all be extracted in parallel. The number 10 is set so
that you can easily set other tables to be extracted first. Note that tables having
the same load order will be extracted in parallel.
3. Click Reset Tables Load Order to reset any values you may have changed back
to the default value, i.e. 10.
4. Click Save Changes.

Edit Schema Structure

You may use the schema definition page to edit a schema structure and the
underlying tables of that schema. To access a schema definition page:
1. Go the "Schemas" page.
2. Click on a schema (not the checkbox) to edit its structure. The schema definition
page opens.

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 Add a Table with the Schema Wizard
To add tables using the schema wizard, click on + in the upper right-hand
corner of the screen, and select "Schema Wizard". Run the wizard and add the
table(s) from the panel on the left-hand side.

Add a Table, Alias or Join Manually

To add tables, aliases, or joins manually, see Add a Table Manually, Create an
Alias, or Create a Join.

Add a Table Manually

1. Select Table from the + drop-down menu. A submenu appears.
2. Select the type of datasource or file for the new table, the Data Source window
opens on top of the New Table page. For xlsx, csv, tsv, tab and txt files, select
"File System".

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 3. Specify a datasource or data file.
4. Turn on the "Incremental" switch button (where available) to enable incremental
loading, in which only new data is loaded from the server. If you do not enable
incremental loading, this table will always be loaded fully when data is loaded
or refreshed. This may result in long loading times. For more details, see Set up
a table for incremental loading.
5. Specify the datasource parameters:
• For a SQL datasource, defined the SQL query in the "Query" field. If you
have selected incremental loads, define an update query in the "Update
Query" field, e.g. "where <Last_Update_Date>>?", given that a Change
Data Capture column exists within the table. Note that "?" refers to the last
successful load start time.
• For CSV files: Specify the character set, thousands separator and date
format. If you have enabled incremental loading, specify which CSV file to
use for the incremental changes.

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 • For Excel XLSX files: Select a Worksheet. If no Worksheet is specified, the
first one will be used. If your have enabled incremental loading, specify
which worksheet contains the incremental changes (the delta from the last
version loaded). For password-protected Excel files, ensure that this feature
is enabled in the admin UI under "Tenant Configurations". Users will need to
enter the password when creating a table based on this file.
• For SalesForce data, define an SOQL query. If you have selected incremental
loads, define an update query.
• Fetch Size is 300 rows by default; leave this value unset unless you are
tuning the performance.
6. For query-based tables, add or delete columns as needed by modifying the
SQL or SOQL (SalesForce) query and then clicking “Update Columns.”
7. Customize columns in your table by modifying the Label, Type and Dimension
as needed. For details, see Customize Tables and Columns within a Schema.
8. Scroll down to add any of the following:
• Formula Columns.
• Runtime Security Filters.
• Parent and Child Joins: see Create a Join.

Delete a Table
To delete a table, click on the corresponding down arrow, and select Remove.

Add or delete table columns.

For a query-based table:

1. From the "Schemas" page, select the schema where the table exists.
2. Locate the table to be modified and click the down arrow in the upper right-
hand corner of the block of that table.
3. Add column names to, or remove column names from, the select-statement.
4. Click Save.

For a file-based table:

1. Edit the source file to add or remove columns.
2. Load the edited, file.
3. Click Save.

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 Change the Function of a Column

To change the function of a column:

1. Navigate to the "Schemas" page.
2. Select a schema.
3. Click on the down arrow in the upper right-hand corner of the section of the
table containing that column function.
4. Select "Table Details" from the drop-down menu.
5. In the "Columns" section, click on the function (in the "function" column),
corresponding to the column you want to change.

6. Select a function from the drop down list.

7. Click Done in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

Create Formula Columns

A formula column is one that can be added to a table, containing formula-
calculated data using other columns in that table. This way, you do not have
to add that missing column to the table in the data source. For example, if
you have "Revenue" and "Cost" columns in a table, but missing the "Profit"
column, you can easily create a column (e.g. "Profit") defined by a formula that
calculates the profit (i.e. Revenue - Cost). Now the formula-calculated "Profit"
column is a formula column. Formula Columns can easily be created in the
"Table Details" page.

To create a Formula Column:

1. Navigate to the "Schemas" page.
2. Select a schema.

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 3. Click on the down arrow in the upper right-hand corner of the section of the
table where you want to add the formula column.
1. Select "Table Details" from the drop-down menu. The table definition page
opens.
2. Click on + in the upper right-hand corner of the page.
3. Select "Formula Column".
4. Scroll down to the "Formula Columns" section, and find the new formula
column field.
5. Check the "Show in Analyzer" checkbox, to show this Formula Column in the
Insight "Analyzer".
6. Set the Name, Label, and Function fields.
7. Click anywhere in the “Column Formula” field to open the Formula Builder. The
"Formula Builder" window opens, where you can enter the formula expression.

NOTE:
Formula columns created in business schemas will not be added to the
default dashboard filters list.

Runtime Security Filters

A runtime security filter limits the data visible to users by filtering the table prior
to its use in any dashboard. Note that runtime security filters are not the same
as runtime dashboard filters.

To add additional filters, click the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the
screen.

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 Load Filter
The "Load Filter" feature can be used to load large datasets at once and select
data segments that would fit into the Incorta engine for efficient memory
consumption. Using this feature, the Schema Manager would be able to extract
all the data into a staging area and only load specific data into the Incorta
engine. For information about the supported syntax with examples, see App. D:
Load Filter Syntax
To create a load filter:
1. From the Schemas page, select a schema.
2. Click on the down arrow in the top right-hand corner of the section of that
table.
3. Select "Table Details" from the drop-down list.
4. Scroll down to the "Load Filter" section to add a filter expression.

5. Click Done in the top right-hand corner of the screen, to exit the "Table Details"
page.

Create an Alias
By creating an alias you can refer to a table by an alternative name. You can
create aliases for tables in the same or different schemas, using the following
steps:
1. Use the Schemas page to select the schema to which you want to add an alias.
2. Click on the + icon at the top right corner of the screen, and select "Alias".

3. In the "Schema Name" field, select the schema that contains the original table.
4. From the "Select Table" drop-down menu, select the original table.

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 5. Click in the "Table Name" field to name the alias table.
6. Click Done at the top right-hand corner of the screen. The schema definition
now includes the new alias as the last table listed.

Create a Materialized View

To create a Materialized View:
1. Use the Schemas page to select the schema to which you want to add an alias.
2. Click on the + icon at the top right corner of the screen, and select Materialized
View.

3. Choose language from the "Language" drop-down list.

4. Paste the script in the "Script" field.
5. Click Add Property to provide the "key" and "value" in the respective fields.
You may add a property by clicking the Add Property, or click the trash icon to
delete a property.
6. Click Add.

Create a Join
Incorta Analytics allows you to join two tables in separate schemas, even if the
source data exists in two separate databases. Joins can be viewed from within

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 a Parent schema table. For example, If schemaA.Table1 is joined to schemaB.
Table2 (where Table1 is the child table while Table2 is the parent table), then the
join can be viewed in the schema where the parent table is, i.e. schemaB.
You may either Create a join from the schema definition page, or Create a join
from the table details page.

Create a join from the schema definition page

1. Click + at the top right-hand corner of the screen and select Join from the drop-
down menu.

2. Select the parent and child tables, along with the type of join, in the appropriate
fields. You may also add filters by clicking + at the top right-hand corner of the
"Filters" block.

Create a join from the table details page

1. Locate the table of interest and click on the corresponding down arrow in the
same block at the top right-hand corner.

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 2. Click + at the top right-hand corner of the screen.
3. Select a parent, or child, join from the drop-down menu.

4. To add conditions to any join, select Join Details in the drop-down menu at the
top right-hand corner of the block of that join. To delete a join, click Remove
Join.

5. Add filters to a join by clicking + at the top right corner of the filter block.

Modify an Existing Join

To modify an existing join:

1. Click on the down arrow at the top right-hand corner of the join.

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 2. Select Join Details to modify the join conditions.

3. Click + in the filter box to add filters for the join.

For more information, see Create a Join.

Delete a Join
To delete a join, click on the corresponding down arrow, and select Remove.

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 Business Schemas
Business Schemas can be used to create views on tables without compromising
the security of the underlying data, or occupying the physical space that could
otherwise be taken by physical tables. A view (i.e. Business View) may be
created using different schemas and different tables, as long as the schemas are
loaded and the tables are properly joined. For information on loading schemas,
see Load Data, and to learn about creating joins, see Create a Join.

Overview
In order to use the business schema feature (i.e. business view), you need to:
1. have a physical schema loaded, and the included tables properly joined.
2. navigate to Business Schemas in the menu bar on the left-hand side of the
screen to:
• add, or import, business schemas, by clicking on + in the upper right-
hand corner of the screen, see Create/Import a Business Schema.
• edit existing business schemas to:
• add a new business view, see Create/Delete a view in a business
schema.
• edit and remove an existing view, see Managing business views and
business schemas.
• export, or delete, one or more business schemas, see Managing business
schemas.
• share, or edit the description of, a schema, by selecting a schema in the
"Schemas" page, then selecting "Schema settings" from the "Actions"
menu in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.
In order to create a view in a business schema, you need physical and loaded
schema(s) to use its tables in that view. After selecting the schema(s), you can
drag the columns needed to add to the new view.
Analyze users can define formulas in Business View (Business Schema screen)
and use it in Analyzer. These formulas are saved as logical objects only and are
computed at runtime.
Additionally, in a business view, you can create formula columns and reuse them
in another formula column in the same, or any other, view or business schema.
For more details, read the following example and see Managing business views
and business schemas.

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 Example: If you add a new formula column (e.g. Profit) to a business view (e.g.
BV-1), you may use it in another formula column (e.g. Profit_02) in the Formula
Builder. Note that in the formula builder, you would need to add the business
view where the desired formula column exists, which in this example would be
"BV-1". To add a business view in the formula builder, click the "+" at the top of
the columns list on the left-hand side, then click on the "Business Schemas" tab.

The following chart illustrates the flow of Business Schemas:

Using Business Schemas

This section explains in detailed steps how to use Business Schemas.

Create/Import a Business Schema

To create, or import, a Business Schema:

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 1. Click on "Business Schemas" in the main menu column on the left-hand
side. A list of existing business schemas opens.

2. Click on + in the upper right-hand corner to create, or import, a business

schema.

3. To create a business schema, go to step 5. Select "Import Schema(s)", to

upload a schema from your computer.

4. Click on select from your PC to choose a schema from your computer to

upload. Select "Overwrite" to replace the existing schema if the imported
one shares the same name. Now, you are ready to Create/Delete a view in a
business schema.
5. Select "Create Schema" to build a business schema based on an existing
loaded (physical) schema. The "New Busines Schema" window appears.

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 6. Enter a name, and optionally a description, for the new schema to be
displayed on the "Business Schemas" page. Note that the name given
here cannot be changed. However, the description can be changed in the
"Settings" menu.
7. Click on Create. The new schema page opens.

Create/Delete a view in a business schema

Now that you created a new business schema, you are ready to start creating
business views using existing and loaded physical schemas.

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 To create/delete a view in a business schema:
1. Navigate to the business schema definition page.
2. Click on the business schema where you want to create a business view, not
the checkbox. The business schema page opens.

3. Click on + in the upper right-hand corner of the screen, or click Add New
View in the middle of the screen of any empty schema page. The views
page opens in a view editing mode.

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 4. Enter a name for the new view in the view name field. The default name for
a new view is "New_View". If the default name is not changed, additional
views will be given the default name (i.e. "New_View") appended by its
sequence number.

5. Click on + in the source element list on the left-hand side of the screen, to
add the physical schema(s) containing the table(s) needed for the view. The
physical schemas menu opens, listing all the available physical schemas.

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 In this menu, you can:
a. expand schemas to see the underlying tables.

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 b. Resize the schema list horizontally, by moving the cursor to the center
of the right edge of the menu until it changes to a horizontal double-
headed arrow.

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 6. Select all schema tables automatically by selecting the checkbox
corresponding to that schema, or select specific tables individually. The
selected tables are added to the panel on the left-hand side, listing the
columns within those tables.

7. Click Collapse All, at the bottom of the source element list (i.e added
tables panel) on the left-hand side, to collapse the view to the schema level.
Alternatively, you may collapse or expand individual tables and/or schemas,
by clicking on the corresponding down arrow.

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 8. Click Done at the borrom of the schema list (on the right-hand side) when
you are done selecting the schemas and tables.

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 9. Drag the columns you want to add in the view area from the source elements
list on the left-hand side to the columns list under the new view. You can
quickly search for a column in the search bar to locate and drag it from the
search results. You can also preview any column data when you hover over
that column, and click the eye icon.

10. Click on the trash bin icon corresponding to a column, to remove it.
11. Click on the actions menu (three vertical dots) corresponding to a view/
folder, to delete it.

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 12. Click Done in the upper right-hand corner of the screen, when done. The
business schema definition page opens, containing all the business views
within that schema.

Managing business views and business schemas

Business schemas and views can easily be managed in the "Business Schemas"
page, accessed from the main menu on the left-hand side of the screen. There,
you can manage the export, deletion, and settings (sharing and changing
description) of business schemas. Additionally, this section explains in details
how to edit, delete, and organize business views.

Managing business schemas

Incorta Analytics enables you to easily share business schemas with other users,
and export them from one environment to import into another. The following
steps show in details how to share, export, and delete a business schema:
1. Navigate to the "Business Schemas" page, accessed from the main menu on
the left-hand side of the screen.
2. Click on a schema checkbox. The "Actions" menu appears in the upper
right-hand corner of the screen.

3. Select "Schema settings" to open the business schema settings menu:

a. Click on the "Settings" tab to edit the schema description.

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 b. Click on the "Sharing" tab to share the schema with other user(s), or
group(s), and set their privilege level. Sharing a business schema works
the same as sharing physical schemas. To learn more, see Share a schema
with other users and groups.

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 c. Click Save Changes.
4. Select "Export schema" to export the selected schema to your computer.
5. Select "Delete selection" to delete the selected schema(s).

6. Click Delete to confirm.

Managing views in business schemas

Incorta Analytics enables you to easily manage business views within business
schemas. Starting from Incorta Analytics 3.1, you can organize business views
using folders, in addition to the existing management options (e.g. add/remove
columns, formula columns, remove views, etc.).

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 Enable the edit mode
In order to edit and organize business views within a business schema, you have
to enable the edit mode for that schema.

To enable the edit mode for a business schema:

1. Navigate to the "Business Schemas" page.

2. Click on the schema containing the view(s) to be edited. The schema

definition page opens.

3. Click on the arrow corresponding to any view to expand and preview a list of
the contained columns within that view.

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 4. Click on the actions menu (three vertical dots) corresponding to a view to
enter the edit mode for all the views within.

5. Select "Edit" from the drop-down menu. The views definition page opens in
edit mode.

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 6. The edit mode can also be enabled by clicking on + (to add a new folder or
view) in the upper right-hand corner of the business schema definition page.

7. Select "Add New Folder" or "Add New View" to open the views definition
page in edit mode.

Organize views in business schemas

In the "Business Schemas" page, you can easily stay organized by rearranging
views and creating logical folders. Folders can be used to group business views
in the way you want to present them to business users. This also would help
users select the correct business views when choosing attributes for an Insight.
For example, employees can play multiple roles in a transactional table. In the
service area, a table can have the following columns:
• Open_By_Employee (Employee who opened the ticket).
• Closed_By_Employee (Employee who closed the ticket).
• Fixed_By_Employee (Employee who fixed the ticket).

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 One common approach in reporting is to create a folder (e.g. "Employee"),
where you can find one view for each of the roles (i.e. columns). In each
view you can add attributes for that employee, e.g. EmployeeName,
EmployeeOrganization, EmployeeManager, etc.
In order to start organizing your business views, navigate to the "Business
Schemas" page, then click on any schema. From any business schema page,
you can create a folder, enabling the views edit mode. There, you can move
existing views to a folder of your choice, or create a new view from within a
folder.

Create a new folder

You may create a new folder either from any business schema definition page,
or from the views definition page (in edit mode).
To create a new folder from the business schema definition page:
1. Click on any business schema from the "Business Schemas" page, the
business schema definition page opens.

2. Click on + in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

3. Select "Add New Folder". A new empty folder gets created in the views
definition page.

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 To create a new folder from the views definition page (in edit mode):
1. Enable the views edit mode, see Enable the edit mode.
2. Click on + in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. A drop-down menu
opens.

3. Select "Add New Folder". A new empty folder gets created.

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 Move an existing view to a folder
1. Click on the three vertical dots corresponding to a view. The actions menu
opens.

2. Hover over "Move To Folder", a submenu of the available folders appears.

(If there are no folders within the same business schema, this option will be
disabled.)
3. If you want to move a view from one folder to another (or to the root folder
the current business schema), click on the three vertical dots corresponding
to a view to do any of the following:

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 • Move To Folder: to move to a different folder, or
• Move Out of Folder: to move to the root location of the current business
schema, or
• Delete: to delete the view.

Create a new view from within a folder

1. Click on the "+" button corresponding to that folder.
2. Name the view and start creating it by dragging columns from the source
element list (panel), on the left-hand side of the screen, into the view area.

Edit views within business schemas

In order to edit views within a business schema, you have to enable the edit
mode for that schema, see Enable the edit mode. You may edit business views
to:
• rearrange columns and views (see Drag-To-Rearrange business views and
columns)
• add a new view (see Create/Delete a view in a business schema).
• add/remove columns within a view (see Create/Delete a view in a business
schema).
• create/delete formula columns within a view.

Drag-To-Rearrange business views and columns

You may Drag-To-Rearrange to arrange folders, views, and columns to best suit
your viewing preference, noting the following hierarchical conditions:

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 • Folders: Folders are placed automatically atop the views. You may drag a
folder to the top/bottom of other folders, but not other views. To move a
folder:
1. Collapse that folder (if it is expanded).
2. Click and hold that folder.
3. Drag the folder vertically to the preferred position.

A vertical double-headed arrow appears as you hover over the view,

indicating the option to drag it up and down. Note that if there is only one
folder in the business schema, it will not be moved.
• Business views: You may drag a view to the top/bottom of other views, but
not other folders. To move a view out of a folder or to another folder, see
Move an existing view to a folder. To move a view:
1. Collapse that view (if it is expanded).
2. Click and hold that view.
3. Drag the view vertically to the preferred position.

A vertical double-headed arrow appears as you hover over the view,

indicating the option to drag it up and down. Note that if there is only one
view in the business schema, it will not be moved.

• Columns: You can only arrange columns within a view. That is, you cannot
drag a column out of a view. To drag a column:
1. Click and hold anywhere on the row of that column.
2. Move the column vertically to the preferred position.

Create/Delete formula columns within a view

Formula columns can be used in business schemas just like in physical schemas.
To learn more about formula columns, refer to Create Formula Columns. Once
created, formula columns can be used in other formula columns. For example,
if you create a formula column to calculate the profit (i.e. Revenue - Cost), you

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 may use it in another to calculate a percentage of that profit (e.g. 0.2 * Profit).
In this case, both are formula columns that help formulate needed data without
having to add new columns to your source data. To create a formla column in a
business schema:
1. Enable the edit mode for that business schema (see Enable the edit mode).
2. Go to step 10, to create a formula column within another. Drag the "New
Formula" item from the panel on the left-hand side to the view columns
area.

3. Enter a name and label for the new formula (e.g. Profit), and set the data
type for the new column from the drop-down list.

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 4. Click in the "Column Formula" field to open the Formula Builder (i.e. the
tool used to create and edit formulas in Incorta Analytics).

5. Enter a formula, e.g. Revenue - Cost, by clicking on the "+" icon (which
appears when hovering over a column on the left-hand side) to add a
column (e.g. Revenue).

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 6. Click on the eye icon (which appears when hovering over a column on the
left-hand side) to preview the column data.

7. Click Save. The new formula column is added in the view definition page.

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 8. If you are done, go to step n. To use a formula column within another, drag
"New Formula" from the left-hand side of the screen to the view columns
area. Let this formula calculate 20% of the formula column "Profit" (created
in the previous steps). Name it "Profit20", for example.

9. Repeat steps 4-6.

10. Click the "+" button in the upper right-hand corrner of the source element
list on the left-hand side of the formula builder. The submenu opens on the
right-hand side.

11. Select "Views" from the drop-down menu in the upper left-hand corner of
the submenu, and select the view containing the formula column you want

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 to use (i.e. Profit in this example).
12. Click Done at the bottom of the submenu to close it. Notice the formula
column (i.e. Profit) appears in the source element list on the left-hand side.
13. Enter a formula to calculate 20% of the formula column (Profit).

14. Click Save. The new formula column is added in the view definition page.

15. Click on the trash bin icon corresponding to a formula column to delete it.

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 Build a New Dashboard 6

Now that you understand the underlying data structures, you are ready to build
a new dashboard using one of the following methods:
A. Click the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the "Content" page:
1. Create an empty dashboard that you can build from the ground up, using
the schemas you have already defined.
2. Manually specify a name, choose specific schemas and tables, set
Dashboard Filters, choose a visualization type for your first Insight.
• See Create a New Dashboard from the "Content" Page.

B. Click “Create a Dashboard” in the upper right-hand corner of any schema/

business schema definition page to:
1. Create a dashboard pre-populated with all of the tables and columns
defined in that schema. You can also add tables from other schemas if
needed.
2. Automatically name the dashboard after that schema, which you can change.
For example, if you click Create Dashboard from the "Sales" schema
definition page, the dashboard will be named "Sales Dashboard".
3. Open the dashboard with no Dashboard filters. You can add these later if
needed.
4. Start the Analyzer with a suggested visualization type, which you can always
change.
• See Create a New Dashboard from within a Schema.

NOTE:
Before creating a dashboard by either method, ensure you have:
1. connected Incorta Analytics to your datasources and data files.
2. defined your schemas based on those datasources and data files.
3. loaded the data to the Incorta Analytics engine.

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 Create a New Dashboard from the "Content" Page
To create a new dashboard from the "All Content" page:
1. Click on the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.
2. Select "Create Dashboard", the new dashboard name window opens, with a
default name "New Dashboard".

3. Enter a unique dashboard name, then click Create. The new dashboard
opens in the "Analyzer" mode (this is the mode required in order to build/
edit an Insight), with a column chart selected by default. At this point, there
are no schemas or tables selected.

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 4. Click on the brush icon in the upper right-hand corner, to open the
"Visualization" window and choose a different Insight type.

Create a New Dashboard from within a Schema

From the schema definition, click on Create Dashboard in the upper right hand
corner.

Because this dashboard was created directly from within a schema, clicking
on Create Dashboard results in opening the Analyzer pre-populated with
the schema tables. You can use this Analyzer to build Insights for the new
dashboard. For an introduction to the Analyzer, See Build and Edit Insights: The
Analyzer.

The new dashboard is automatically given the current schema name followed
by "Dashboard". If the name already exists, the new dashboard name will be
appended with a number, i.e. SchemaName Dashboard-1.

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 If you want to customize the dashboard’s schema(s) and add Dashboard Filters,
see Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer.
To build an Insight, see Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer.

Build and Edit Insights: The Analyzer

Now that you know how dashboards depend on the underlying data structure,
you are ready to design Insights for your own dashboard(s). To see definitions
for each type of the Insight visualization types before you begin designing, see
App. A: Build the Right Insight.
1. Ensure that the underlying data structure has been defined for the
dashboard. For more information, see Data Management.
2. Navigate to a Dashboard.

3. Click on the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen, to add a
new Insight. The "Visualization" menu opens.

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 4. Choose a visualization type to open a new, undefined Insight in the Analyzer.
Click on the paint brush icon in the upper right-hand corner to change the
visualization type.

5. Start dragging columns from the Source Elements List (panel), on the left-
hand side of the screen, to the grouping, coloring, and measure dimensions
fields. If the list is empty, i.e. does not contain any tables or columns, click
the "+" icon for a list of the available tables to choose from. See Build a
New Dashboard. Note that the dimensions fields change according to the
type of Insight you select. See Set up Insight Dimensions in the Analyzer.

Set up Insight Dimensions in the Analyzer

Recall that a dimension is an attribute used to structure the data. Each

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 dimension of the Insight contains (and is defined by) one or more filters.

Fields in the Analyzer:

Measures
It is easiest to define an Insight if you begin by thinking about what you want
your Insight to measure, e.g. units sold or revenue would be a Measure. For
more details about defining a measure, See Specify Filters for Measures.

Grouping
Next, the grouping dimension would be defined by how you want to group, or
slice, the measure you choose. For example, you can group by category, or by
a time period. For details about defining the grouping dimension, See Specify
Filters for the Grouping Dimension(s).

Coloring
Finally, the coloring dimension would help with making visual distinctions. For
example, if you choose to group Revenue (i.e. Measure dimension) by Year
(i.e. Grouping dimension), you can use the coloring dimension to display each
year in a different color. You can also add an additional filter to the coloring
dimension to enable a drill-down. Some visualizations, such as a Grouped-
Column Charts, require the coloring dimension to be defined. See Specify
Filters for the Coloring Dimension(s).

Specify Filters for Measures

You can specify a filter for a measure by dragging an element from the source
elements list (on the left-hand side of the screen) and dropping it in the measure
field. You can type the element you are searching for in the search box to easily
locate it. Elements that are defined as Measures in the table definition are
labeled by dark blue circles. After placing an element in the field, click on the
down arrow to set the corresponding filter parameters.

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 Data Settings for Measures
Name: Specify a display name for the measure filter.
Aggregation: Choose an aggregation for the method of the measure.
Scale: Set the scale of the x-axis to Thousands(K), Millions(M), or Percent(%). If
you set the scale to None, the x-axis will scale automatically.
Running Total: If you turn Running Total on, data will be displayed cumulatively
along the y-axis.
Filter-in-Filter: Use this setting to add a filter to a measure only, without
affecting the rest of the Insight. Choose a column, operator, and value for this
filter.

Format Settings for Measures

Format: Use this setting to define how you want numbers to be displayed in the
Insight. This is simply a display mask and does not affect how the data is stored
or processed.
Color: This setting affects the primary color used to visualize data in the Insight.
Use it to change the color of the line in a time series, or of the columns in a
column chart, for instance.
In a line graph with multiple data series represented, this setting affects only the

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 highest or lowest line on the x-axis, depending on the sort order. In a grouped
row or column chart, the color set here will be applied to either the first or last
row or column in each group.

Conditional Formatting: Tables and KPIs support conditional formatting for

measures. Use conditional formatting to highlight values that meet a preset
condition. Choose an operator and a value for each condition. For tables, you
can specify both background and text colors. For KPIs, you can specify text
color.

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 Using a Formula Filter on Measures
To create a Formula Filter for a measure:
1. Drag and drop the New Formula button into the measures field.
2. Click on the down arrow corresponding to the new formula to define it.

3. Set the aggregate function to "FORMULA", in the "Aggregation" field. This

causes Incorta Analytics to refer to the formula expression (entered in the next
step) to determine the actual aggregation function.

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 4. Click in the "Formula" field to open The Formula Builder, where you can create
the formula expression. The Formula Builder opens. For details about the
available formulas you can use, refer to App. B: Formula Functions.

5. Click Done to close the Formula Builder.

6. Set the remaining filter parameters, including Name, Scale, Formatting, etc.

Specify Filters for the Grouping Dimension(s)

When you specify more than one filter for the grouping dimension in a single
Insight:
• Their order from left to right determines the drill-down path for the Insight.
• If you use multiple filters in the grouping dimension, use no more than one
filter for the coloring dimension.
• If there are multiple filters in both the coloring and grouping dimension, the
grouping dimension determines the drill-down path.

Specify Filters for the Coloring Dimension(s)

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 Adding a filter to the coloring dimension for this Insight allows you to split
revenue per year by category. In the following figure, because the visualization
type is a Stacked Column Chart, the Category filter causes the data for each
bar to be split and stacked by product category. When you define filters for the
color dimension, the visualization type determines how the color is applied. In a
line graph, for instance, the data series for a color dimension would be split into
multiple colored lines. The categories are sorted alphanumerically unless you
define a sort order. See Define a Sort Order.

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 You can add as many filters to the coloring dimension as you need. When you
specify multiple filters for the coloring dimension in a single Insight,
• their order from left to right determines the drill-down path for the Insight
unless there are multiple filters in the grouping dimension.
• you should define only one filter for the grouping dimension.

Define a Sort Order

To set a sort order:

1. Click on the down arrow on the coloring or grouping dimension element you
want to sort, e.g. Category.

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 2. Search for the element you want to sort by in the search box atop the Source
Elements List on the left hand side of the screen, e.g. Revenue.

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 3. Drag the element and drop it in the sort-by field of the drop-down menu of the
grouping, or coloring, dimension.
4. Click on the black arrow to sort ascendingly (arrow pointing up), or click it again
to sort descendingly (arrow pointing down).

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 5. Click on the drop-down menu indicator inside the "revenue" element to view
the table and column information for the element, and to edit its display name if
desired.

NOTE:
Be sure to set the sort order for each filter in the dimension so that as the
user drills down, the sort order remains consistent.

Insight Defining Filters

You may add filters to your insights to limit the results to a specific range of
values Navigate to the Analyzer screen (click the icon at the top of an
Insight) and click on the filter icon in the upper right-hand corner of the Analyzer
screen. There are two types of Insight filters you can use either individually or
simultaneously in an Insight:

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 Filter Individual Values
This filter can be added to all visualization types (aggregated or not). You can
use it to filter Insights using dimensions, e.g. country. For example, you may
want to build a report to show the revenue data, grouped by country, filtered by
a specific country value. To add this filter and specify a country value:
1. Click on the filter icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen, the
"Filter Individual Values" field opens.
2. Drag a dimension, i.e. "country", column from the source elements list on
the left-hand side and drop it in the filter field.
3. Click the down arrow corresponding to the dimension.
4. Click on Edit Operator/Values in the drop-down menu, to set the filter
operator and values. If you choose the "IN" operator, click Filter in the upper
right-hand corner after selecting the filter values.

Filter Aggregate Values

You can use this filter to filter Insights using measures, e.g. revenue. However, it
can only be added to list table visualizations type, and they must be aggregated
(i.e. the "Aggregated" item in the Insight Settings menu must be enabled).
If these conditions are satisfied, this filter field will open automatically, when
clicking the filter icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. If either the
visualization type is something other than "list table", or it is not aggregated,
this filter field will not be opened. Only the "Filter Individual Values" filter field
will open.

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 You may want to use this filter type to show the revenue data, grouped by
country, where the revenue is greater than $8M. To add this filter and specify a
revenue value:
1. Click on the filter icon in the upper right-hand corner of the screen, the Filter
Individual Values and Filter Aggregate Values fields open.
2. Drag a measure, i.e. "revenue", column from the source elements list on the
left-hand side and drop it in the filter field.
3. Click the down arrow corresponding to the dimension.
4. Choose a type from the Aggregation field list.
5. Click on Edit Operator/Values in the drop-down menu, to set the filter
operator and values.
6. Click Enter on the keyboard.

Insight Settings Menu

Use the gear icon to access non-filter settings for an Insight. The Settings menu
of an Insight is divided into two tabs; the Settings Tab and Layout Tab. Details
about the items included in each tab is provided below each of the following
screenshots:

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 Settings Tab

Max Rows: This setting limits the number of rows of data from the grouping
dimension to be included in the Insight.
Max Groups: Use this to return a large table where there is a group-by of
500,000 values or more.
Logarithmic: Switch on to focus on the part where data points starts fluctuating.
For example, if all the horizontal data points on the chart share the same vertical
values up to a certain point, you may want to start the vertical dimension at
this point to increase the scale and focus on the fluctuating data. Switching
“Logarithmic” on does this automatically.
Auto-Refresh: Auto-Refresh is set on by default. Leave it on if you want the
Insight to update automatically whenever the underlying data is updated. Set it
off if you want the Insight to update only when a new session is begun, as when
the underlying data set is very large.
Join Measures: Calculating the group-by function across joined tables is a very
complex operation impacting the engine’s performance, and thus disabled by
default. Setting the join-measures feature on enables this calculation. A popular
example for this is calculating product cost grouped by years.

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 Layout Tab

Rotation: Select the labels orientation on the horizontal axis of the Insight.
Legend: Switch on to display what dimensions the chart colors represent.
Values: Switch on to display the values on the charts.
X-Axis Labels: Switch on to display labels on the x-axis.
X-Axis Title: Switch on to display the title of the x-axis.
Y-Axis Labels: Switch on to display labels on the y-axis.
Y-Axis Title: Switch on to display the title of the y-axis.
Y-Axis Min: Provide the minimum value of the displayed y-axis value.
Y-Axis Max: Provide the maximum value of the displayed y-axis value.

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 Create Dashboard Filters
To access and set up dashboard-level filters, click the gear icon in the upper
right-hand corner of the dashboard and select Fiters and Prompts to open the
"Dashboard filters" page. On this page, there are three tabs; Prompts, Applied
Filters, Presentation Variables. The tab title with a small blue circle indicates that
tab contains at least one column. This tool uses filters to:
• specify which schemas and tables are available to the dashboard.
• Set Up a Prompt and Set Up a Dashboard Applied Filter.

Drag and drop elements (i.e. columns) from the Source Elements List on the
left-hand side of the screen into the prompts, dashboard applied Filters, or the
presentation variables fields. To completely remove an element, simply click on
the "X"corresponding to it.

Before applying these filters, note the following:

• Setting a prompt to “Default” allows you to set a default value for the filter.
This value can be altered by the user.
• Default Prompts can be optional or mandatory.

Optional Runtime Filters can be temporarily removed and restored

through the filter menu to the left of the search box, which contains all
the runtime filters for the dashboard. These filters are restored each time
the dashboard is opened.

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 Mandatory Runtime Filters appear at the top of the screen with other
filters. The user may change the value of a mandatory filter, but cannot
remove it.
• Dashboard Applied Filters for a dashboard are always active and implicitly
applied in any Insight created for that dashboard. These filters are not shown
at the top of the screen and cannot be removed by the user.

Set Up a Prompt
1. Click on the "Prompts" tab, from the Dashboard filters screen.
2. Drag a data element (column name) from the Source Elements List on the left
hand side of the screen and drop it in the Prompts field.
3. Click on the down arrow to open the drop-down menu:

• Click the “Default Filter” switch.

• Select the values for the default filter.
• Click on Filter in the upper right-hand corner of the drop-down menu to
apply the settings.

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 • Click on the “Mandatory” indicator if you want the filter to be mandatory.

Set Up a Dashboard Applied Filter

1. Click on the Applied Filter tab.
2. Drag a column from the Source Elements List on the left-hand side of the screen
into the field.
3. Click on the down arrow to open the filter settings in the drop-down menu:

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 • Set an aggregation function for the filter.
• Click on "Edit Operator / Value(s)" to get a list of available parameters for
the Applied Filter.

• Click Filter at the top right corner of the drop-down menu to apply.

Show Empty Groups

Show Empty Groups is a feature that can be used to display aggregated
dimensions that have no child values. Suppose a child table (e.g. Sales
transactions) has a foreign key referencing a parent table (e.g. Country). Using
Show Empty Groups, you can build an Insight showing countries (parent) with
no sales (child values).
The following steps explain how to Show Empty Groups on a table Insight,
containing different countries (Parent) with their corresponding revenue (child)
values. Notice in the following screenshot, each row in the Country column has
a non-zero value in the Revenue column.

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 To enable Show Empty Groups:
1. Click the pen icon in the upper right-hand corner of the Insight to open the
Analyzer mode.

2. Click on the down arrow next to a (parent) dimension to show its null child
values (e.g. Country). The drop-down menu appears.

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 3. Enable the Show Empty Groups.

4. Click Done in the upper right-hand corner of the page to exit the analyzer
mode. Notice that dimensions with null (child) values are now displayed in the
table.

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 The Formula Builder
The Formula Builder makes it simple to create a complex formula expression.

Formulas are color-coded in the formula builder, displaying functions in red,

variables in black, operators in purple, numeric parameters in blue, and string
parameters in green.
To access the Formula Builder, click inside any "Formula" box, wherever found.
For example, you may create a function in the Create Formula Columns section
or in Using a Formula Filter on Measures. The Formula Builder opens.

On the left side of the page is a list of columns, pre-populated according to the
underlying schema definition. To add columns from additional schemas, click
the +.

To build a formula expression:

1. Select a function category from the function drop-down menu to select a
formula.

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 2. Select a function, it will be automatically inserted into the formula field.

3. Click on the "+" appearing when hovering over a column name in the panel
on the left-hand side. The formula builder inserts its full path of that column
between the parentheses, in the format "<SCHEMA_NAME>.<TABLE_
NAME>.<COLUMN_NAME>", e.g. "SALES.SALES.COST_OF_GOODS".

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 4. Use the Variables drop down menu to select and insert variables. Variables are
displayed in yellow.

Formula Functions
For a complete list of functions, see App. B: Formula Functions.

Formula Variables
For a complete list of formula variables, see App. C: Date Variables.

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 URL drill-down
The URL drill-down feature can be used in Insights of type list table to link its
rows to external URLs (e.g. EBS).

To add a URL drill-down to an Insight:

1. Open the Insight in Analyze mode (by clicking the pen icon in the upper
right-hand corner of the Insight).
2. Open the measure definition and provide the address you would like to drill
down to in the URL field:

1. Note that the URL feature is only available for reports of type "List", and for
measures when "Aggregated" is turned off in the dashboard settings menu. To
turn off the "Aggregated" feature, click on the gear icon at the top right corner
of the Insight in the Analyze mode.

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 2. Click Done to save and exit the analyze mode.

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 Advanced Features

Base Table
The "Base Table" feature allows you to join two tables that are not directly
joined (i.e. tables that do not share common dimensions). To use it, a
transactional table has to be selected as the “Base Table”, or driving table, in
order to join the two tables.

Example:
Consider a SALES table that is joined with a CUSTOMERS table, which is joined
with a COUNTRY table. Now assume that there is a PRODUCT table and it is
joined with the SALES table, but not to the COUNTRY table. If you try to build a
report showing the countries where the products were sold, you will get an error
because the COUNTRY table is not directly joined to the PRODUCTS table.
However, if you use the transactional table (SALES in this case) as the Base
Table, this information can easily be obtained. Refer to the ER diagram below
for clarification, and walk through the following steps to learn more about this
feature:

Assumptions:
You have a schema where there is a transactions table (SALES table in this
example), and it is joined with a CUSTOMERS table that is joined with a
COUNTRY table. The SALES table should also be directly joined with the
PRODUCTS table. (Please note that in this example, the COUNTRY table is not

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 directly joined with the PRODUCTS table.)

Build a “Table” Insight containing the countries versus the products

1. From a new, or any, dashboard page, click on the “+” at the top right corner
of the screen to add a new component (Insight) to the dashboard.

2. When the “Choose a Visualization” window appears, select the Table chart
from the TABLES list. The Insight opens in Analyzer mode.

3. Click on the “+” next to the search box at the top of the source elements
list, on the left-hand side of the screen. The schemas and tables submenu
opens to the right-hand side.
4. Select "Tables" in the drop-down menu at the top of the submenu. A list of
schemas and included tables appears.

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 5. Select the "SALES" schema, or the "COUNTRY" and "PRODUCTS" tables
individually from the "SALES" schema. Notice the schema/tables being
added to the list on the left-hand side.

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 6. Click Done at the bottom of the submenu on the right-hand side, to close it.

Note:
Since we would like to see the number of products sold in each country,
we need to drag the “Product” column to the measure field and drag the
“Country” column to the grouping dimension field.

7. Type “Country” in the search box to quickly locate it and drag it into the
list to the "grouping dimension" field. Another option is to hover over
"Country" in the search results and click on the "+" that appears. The item
will automatically get placed in the "grouping dimension" field, if the circle
next to the item is light-blue. If the circle is dark blue, it will pop in the
"measure" field. In any case, you can move any column from one field to the
other.

8. Similarly, type “Product” in the Search box and place it in the "measure"
field.

Note:
The Base Table feature can only be turned on for the elements in the
“measure” field (i.e. Product in this example).

9. Enable "Aggregation" in the Insight Settings menu in the upper right-hand

corner of the screen.

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 10. Ensure only distinct data is returned, by clicking on the down arrow
corresponding to the “Product” element. The dimension menu appears.

11. Change "COUNT" TO "DISTINCT" in the "Aggregation" field of the

measure drop-down menu.

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 12. Click on the "Advanced" tab, to set the base table for this measure.

13. Enable the "Base Table" feature. A new field "Base Table" appears to set
the base table.

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 14. Click on Set Base Table Field to locate the base table ("SALES" in this
example). That is, the common table that is joined to both "County" and
"Product". First, locate the schema where the table is located (the schema
name is also "SALES" in this example).

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 15. Select the "SALES" schema from the schemas list. A list of the tables within
the "SALES" schema appears.

16. Select the "SALES" table from the tables list. A new list of all the table
columns appears.

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 17. Select any column. The base table Insight is now ready and updated with the
number of products in each country.

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 Note:
The Sales table is selected as the Base Table since it is joined with both;
the Country and Product tables. (Again, the Country table is not directly
joined with the Product table.)

18. Now if you would like to build an Insight Table showing the number of
countries where each product is sold, repeat the previous steps, swapping
"Product" with "Country".

19. Notice the table is updated, listing each product corresponding to the
number of countries where it was sold.

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 Query Plan
Query Plan is a feature that can be used to show the relationship between
the tables used within an Insight in an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD). The
diagram can be accessed from the measure elements only, i.e. elements in the
“measure” field.

To access the ERD of the elements used within an Insight:

1. Navigate to any Insight.

2. Click on the pen icon in the upper right-hand corner of any Insight. The Insight
opens in Analyzer mode.

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 3. Click on the down arrow of the element in the "measure" field.

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 4. Click on the "Advanced" tab.

5. Click on Query Plan. A window opens showing the relationship between

the tables used by this Insight. In this case, it shows that the SALES table
(containing the "Revenue" column) is joined with the PRODUCTS table
(containing the "Category" column). The SALES table is also joined with the
CUSTOMERS table, which is joined with the COUNTRIES table (containing the
"Country" column).

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 Share, send, or schedule a dashboard
Share a dashboard
You can share a dashboard either with internal or external users. To share a
dashboard:
1. Navigate to the dashboard page.
2. Click on the export icon in the upper right-hand corner of the page, a drop-
down menu opens.

3. Click Share, the sharing wizard window opens.

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 4. Click on the Share icon, or the "+" corresponding to "Shared with".
5. Provide the users/recipient email addresses/ groups and set a privilege for
them.

6. Click Save.

Send a dashboard
You can email a dashboard in an html, csv, or xlsx format. To send a dashboard:
1. Navigate to the dashboard page.
2. Click on the export icon in the upper right-hand corner of the page, a drop-
down menu opens.

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 3. Click "Send", the send wizard window opens.
4. Select the format to use when sending the dashboard.

5. Click the "+" corresponding to "Send To".

6. Provide the users/recipient email addresses/ groups and set a privilege for
them.

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 7. Click Add.
8. Click Send.

Schedule a dashboard
With Incorta Analytics, you can easily schedule dashboards to be sent to internal
users, groups, or even external users with external email addresses either
once or at scheduled intervals. For a list of suspended, active, and completed
dashboards scheduled jobs, go to the "Scheduler" page, by clicking on the
clock icon in the menu on the left-hand side of the screen.

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 To learn more about scheduling a dashboard to be sent to users, use the
following example. This example will walk you through detailed steps of
scheduling a dashboard emailing the top and bottom 10 sales dashboard, for
example, hourly per day. To do that:
1. Navigate to the dashboard page ("Top and Bottom 10 Sales" in this
example).

2. Click on the export icon in the upper right-hand corner of the page, a drop-
down menu opens.

3. Click "Schedule". The scheduler window appears.

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 4. Provide a job name and a description in the "Job Name" and "Description"
fields, respectively.
5. Select a format to use when sending the dashboard. You may select
"HTML", "XLSX", OR "CSV".
6. Select a "Start By" date and time to schedule a dashboard to send. You
can either type them in the respective fields or select them in the pop-up
calendar (click on the calendar icon) and clock (click on the clock icon).

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 7. Select a recurrence of the job to be, e.g. "Daily".
8. Select a job frequency in the "Every" field, e.g. 1, and choose a time unit,
e.g. "hour(s)".
9. Select an end date (if any).
10. Click on the "+" icon in the "Send To" box to provide the dashboard
recipients email address(es).

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 11. Type the names, groups, or email addresses of the dashboard recipients. You
can also select from the suggestions appearing as you type.

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 12. Click Add, or Cancel.
13. Confirm all the entries and click Schedule.
After completing the previous steps, a scheduler job gets created and can
be viewed/deleted in the "Scheduler" page. To learn more about navigating
dashboards scheduled jobs, see Dashboard schedules.

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 The scheduler and data alerts
The "Scheduler" section is the place that contains a list of all the scheduling
jobs for dashboards and schemas loading (not business schemas), in addition
to Data Alerts. To access it, simply click on the clock icon in the menu
column on the left-hand side of the screen. This page contains three tabs for
"Dashboards", "Schema Loads", and "Data Alerts", displaying a list of all the
scheduled jobs for the chosen tab.

Dashboard schedules
Dashboards schedules can only be viewed or deleted in the "Scheduler"
page. To schedule dashboards to be sent to other users, refer to Schedule a
dashboard. To view a list of all the scheduled jobs for dashboards:
1. Click on the "Scheduler" item (clock icon) in the menu column on the left-
hand side of the screen.

2. Click on the drop-down menu in the upper right-hand corner of the "Jobs"
table to toggle the view between "All", "Active", "Suspended", and
"Completed" dashboard schedule jobs. Note that jobs with no recurrence
end date would not show in the "Completed" jobs list, until an end date has
been set.

3. Click anywhere (not the "Dashboard" name) on any job row to view the
details for that job.

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 4. Click on the value for the "Dashboard" column to view that dashboard.
5. If you would like to delete a dashboard scheduled job, select that job. The
"Actions" menu appears in the upper right-hand corner.
6. Click on the "Actions" drop-down menu.
7. Select "Delete selection". The deletion confirmation box appears.

8. Click Delete.

Schema schedules
Incorta Analytics offers the option to schedule schemas to load automatically,
replacing the previously known "Automatic Refresh". Scheduled jobs for
schemas can be created, viewed or deleted in the "Scheduler" page. To create
a schema load schedule job, you can either Schedule a schema load from the
"Scheduler" page or Schedule a schema load from the schema definition page.

View/delete schema load schedule jobs

1. Click on the "Scheduler" item (clock icon) in the menu column on the left-
hand side of the screen. The "Scheduler" opens to the "Dashboards" tab by
default.

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 2. Click on the "Schema Loads" tab to see the scheduled jobs for schema
loads.
3. Click on the drop-down menu in the upper right-hand corner of the "Jobs"
table to toggle the view between "All", "Active", "Suspended", and
"Completed" schema schedule jobs. Note that jobs with no recurrence end
date would not show in the "Completed" jobs list until an end date has
been set.

4. Click anywhere (not the "Schema" column) on any job row to view the
details for that job.
5. Click on the value for the "Schema" column to view the definition page for
that schema.
6. If you would like to delete a schema loading schedule job, select that job.
The "Actions" menu appears in the upper right-hand corner.
7. Click on the "Actions" drop-down menu.

8. Select "Delete selection". The deletion confirmation box appears.

9. Click Delete.

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 Schedule a schema load from the "Scheduler" page
One place to schedule a schema load job is the "Scheduler" page. The other
place to access the scheduler tool for schemas is the schema definition page,
see Schedule a schema load from the schema definition page.

Schedule a schema load from the "Scheduler" page

1. Navigate to the "Scheduler" page for schemas, see View/delete schema
load schedule jobs.
2. Click + in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. The scheduler window
opens.

3. Provide a job name and a description in the "Job Name" and "Description"
fields, respectively.
4. Select a schema to load.
5. Select a the type of loading from the drop-down list.
6. Select a "Start By" date and time to schedule a dashboard to send. You
can either type them in the respective fields or select them in the pop-up
calendar (click on the calendar icon) and clock (click on the clock icon).

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 7. Select a recurrence of the job to be, e.g. "Daily".
8. Select a job frequency in the "Every" field, e.g. 1, and choose a time unit,
e.g. "hour(s)".
9. Select an end date (if any), in the "End By" field.
10. Confirm all the entries and click Schedule.
After completing the previous steps, a scheduler job gets created and can
be viewed/deleted in the "Scheduler" page. To learn more about navigating
dashboards scheduled jobs, see Dashboard schedules.

Schedule a schema load from the schema definition page

In addition to the "Scheduler" page, you may schedule a schema load job form
the schema definition page using the following steps:
1. Navigate to the "Schemas & Session Variables" page, accessed from the the
menu column on the left-hand side of the screen.

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 2. Select a schema. Then, select "Schedule" in the "Actions" menu in the
upper right-hand corner of the screen. The scheduler window opens.

3. You can also open the scheduler window by from any schema definition
page. Select a schema. The definition page opens for that schema.

4. Click Load in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. A drop-down menu
appears.
5. Select "Schedule". The scheduler window opens.

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 6. Repeat steps 3-10 from Schedule a schema load from the "Scheduler" page.
As shown, when opening the scheduler window from the schema page, you
do not need to provide a schema as the menu to select a schema is not
present.

Data Alerts
Incorta Analytics supports "Data Alerts". This feature tests a trigger on a
scheduled basis and delivers an Insight via email to a list of recipients if the
trigger condition is true. Triggers are based on a selected table and are true if
the table has at least one row of data, and false if the table is empty. That is, to
use this feature, the logged-in user would need to select a target dashboard
that already exists, and creates a condition table Insight (containing a filter). If
the condition table returns at least one row, the condition is true and the target
dashboard will be sent to the recipients listed in the "Alert" editor. If the table is
empty, the condition is then false, and thus no alerts will be sent.

To access the "Data Alerts" feature:

1. Navigate to the "Scheduler" section of the Incorta Analytics web UI, by
clicking on the clock icon in the menu column on the left-hand side of the
screen. The "Scheduler" opens to the "Dashboards" tab by default.

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 2. Click on the "Data Alerts" tab.

3. Select "Active", "Suspended", "Completed", or "All", alerts in the drop-

down menu to display a list of the selected alerts filter.
4. Click on the "+" icon in the upper right-hand corner of the page to create,
or import, an alert. The "Alert Editor" window opens.

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 5. Provide the following fields:
• Alert Name: Provide a name for the alert, as this field is mandatory. The
name must be unique per logged-in user, and it is case sensitive.
• Alert Description: Optionally, provide a description for the alert.
• Type: Select the email format (HTML/XLSX/CSV), which is a mandatory
field. HTML is the default format for this field.
• Target: Click the pen icon to select a dashboard (owned by, or shared
with, the logged-in user) to be sent in this mandatory field. The
dashboard list opens. When sending a target dashboard, Default/
Mandatory Prompt filters, Applied filters, and dashboard default filter
options will be considered.

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 • Condition: Use the pen icon to create a condition table Insight (using
a filter on that Insight) to be sent to the engine. The Analyzer opens. If
the table gets returned from the engine containing data (rows), then the
condition will be evaluated as true. Otherwise, it is considered false.

• Start By: Set the date, time, and time zone when the condition

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 evaluation should start.
• Recurrence: Set the recurrence of evaluating the condition. This is a
mandatory field.
• Send To: Click the "+" icon to add the alert recipients, which could be
any combination of the Incorta users/groups and emails. Then, type the
names, groups, or email addresses of the dashboard recipients. You can
also select from the suggestions appearing as you type. Click Add, or
Cancel.

• Click Done in the upper right-hand corner of the screen to finish creating
the data alert.
6. Select an alert from the Data Alerts list, the Alert Editor window appears.
7. Select one or more data alerts, and click on the "Actions" drop-down menu
in the upper right-hand corner to:
• Export the data alert(s).
• Delete the selection(s).

Note:
The Data Alerts feature is available to create and edit for users with the
following roles:
• Analyze User.
• Individual Analyzer.
• SuperRole. (When the "Super User" mode is enabled, users with
this role may view and edit other users' alerts.)

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 App. A: Build the Right Insight

What's an Insight
An Insight is the component that helps you visualize your data, and is placed in
the dashboard. Insights in Incorta Analytics are divided into three categories:
• Tables
• Charts
• Gauges
Part of designing an effective Insight is selecting the appropriate visualization
type. In this Appendix, you will find a description of each of these types. The
choice of a visualization type is not set in stone; after defining an Insight in the
Analyzer, you can still change the visualization type to whatever you find as the
best fit. You can even change a visualtion type to a completely different one,
e.g. you can transform a table into a column chart.
In the Analyzer, you may find one, two, or three fields depending on the
selected visualization type. The common field you will find across all types is the
"measure" field, which is the attribute you want to measure (e.g. revenue). You
can also drag the attributes you want to group by to the "grouping dimension"
field (e.g. Country). Finally, you may also choose to add coloring attributes by
dragging them to the "coloring dimension" field (e.g. Product Subcategory).

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 Types of Tables

Pivot Table
Use a pivot table to plot two dimensions against each
other. The attributes entered in the "grouping dimension"
field define the rows in the pivot table. Those entered in
the "coloring dimension" field define the columns in the
pivot table. Finally, the attributes entered in the "measure"
field define the cells of the pivot table. The "grouping
dimension" and the "coloring dimension" both are required
to build a pivot table.

Table
This is the simplest mode of a table. All attributes and
measures have to be entered in the "measure" field. You
can enter columns from different tables, if they are joined
together. If a column shows as Null, this may indicate a
missing join, or joins in the wrong direction.

Aggregated
The user can group-by the data by certain dimensions.
The group-by dimensions have to be dragged to the
"grouping dimension" field, while the rest of the attributes
should be dragged to the "measure" field. By default,
Incorta will aggregate the data, grouping by the "grouping
dimensions." User can select not to Aggregate, by turning
off the Aggregated button from the Settings drop-down
menu in the upper right corner of the screen.

Aggregated - Total
This table type has a row added at the bottom where the
sum of all the rows would be calculated.

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 Aggregated - Subtotal
This table type has the totals calculated and displayed for
each row.

Aggregated - Subtotal - Total

In addition to the Aggregated - Subtotal table, this table
type has a row added at the bottom where the sum of all
the rows would be calculated. The values in this row would
be the same as those in the total row, if the Aggregated -
Total were chosen.

Types of Visualizations

Column (Vertical-Bar) Chart

Plot grouping dimensions on the (horizontal) x-axis,and
measures on the (vertical) y-axis. The first added attribute
to the "grouping dimension"field is used for data slicing.
Additional attributes to this field enables the user to click on
one group, filter the data on that value, and drill down to
the next dimension. Additional measures are represented by
different colors.

Bar Chart
This chart is similar to the column chart representing the
data in horizontal bars rather than vertical columns. Using
this chart, you may plot grouping dimensions on the
(vertical) y-axis versus measures on the (horizontal) x-axis.
Additional measures are represented by different colors.

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 Stacked-Column Chart
Use this chart to display multiple categories in each column.
The colored bands represent slicing of the total by the
coloring dimension. Attributes in the grouping dimension
field define the x-axis of the chart. The bar represents the
measure in the chart. The bar can be sliced according
to the attributes in the "coloring dimension." If you add
two attributes to the "grouping dimension" field (e.g.
Year and Quarter), you can filter by one year, drill down
to quarters in that year, and keep data sliced using the
coloring dimension. If you add two attributes in the coloring
dimension field (e.g. Product Category and Product),
you can filter on one Product Category, drill down to the
Products in that category, and see data for all the years.
However, you cannot add two attributes to the grouping
dimension field and two attributes to the coloring dimension
field for this kind of chart.
You can also use this type of chart to stack multiple
measures, by adding two or more measures to the measure
field and no attributes to the coloring dimension field. You
cannot add multiple measures and a coloring dimension in
this type of chart.

Stacked-Bar Chart
This chart is similar to the Stacked-Column chart
representing data in horizontal bars rather than vertical
columns.

Percentage Column Chart

Use this chart type to represent data in columns sliced by
the coloring dimension and represented as a percentage
of a total. This chart is similar to the Stacked-Column Chart
in terms of adding dimensions and measures. However,
it is not used to analyze measure values. It represents the
relative percentage of each coloring (or slicing) dimension
compared to the whole measure value for that grouping
dimension value.

171 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Percentage Bar Chart
As in the Percentage Column Chart, use this chart type to
represent data in bars sliced by the coloring dimension and
represented as a percentage of a total.

Combo Dual Axis Chart

Use this chart when you want to plot two different measures
on the same y-axis. The two measures will have the same
scale. You only need to add a grouping dimension, and
two measures to obtain this chart. Additional grouping
dimensions will be used for drill-down. This type of chart is
used when both analyzed measures have similar ranges.

Dual Axis Chart

Use this chart type to plot two different measures on two
separate y-axes, which may have different scales. This type
requires at least one grouping dimension only, however,
more grouping dimensions may be added to drill down.

Dual Axis Chart

Use this chart type to plot two different measures on two
separate x-axes, which may have different scales. This type
requires at least one grouping dimension only, however,
more grouping dimensions may be added to drill down.

Area Chart
In this type of chart, the areas under the lines for multiple
data series are overlayed on each other. This chart requires
a grouping dimension and a measure. A coloring dimension
can be added to slice the area for each dimension value by
another dimension. Similar to the Stacked-Column Chart,
you can choose to stack two measures, but then you cannot
add a coloring dimension in that case.

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 Stacked-Area Chart
This type of chart is also called a Subdivided Surface Chart
or a “Band Chart.” If possible, use the Sort By function in
your filters to plot the smoothest trend at the bottom of
your chart. Only the data series plotted at the bottom of
the chart starts at zero on the y-axis, each following series
is plotted relative to the series below it. This chart type
behaves similar to the Stacked-Column Chart except that
the data is shown as colored areas instead of separate bars.

Percentage Area Chart

This chart shows the area under the line as a percentage
of the total. It behaves similar to the 100-Percent-Stacked
Column Chart, except that the data is shown as colored
areas, instead of separate vertical bars.

Line Chart
This graph connects data points in the series with a line,
but does not indicate exact values between data points.
Additional measures will be represented by separate
colored lines.

Stacked-Line Chart
Only the data series plotted at the bottom of the chart starts
at zero on the y-axis, each following series is plotted relative
to the series below it. This chart behaves similar to the
stacked column chart, except that the graphs are drawn with
lines instead of vertical bars.

Percentage Line Chart

This graph shows each data point in the series as a
percentage or part of 100% or of another specified
threshold. This chart is similar to the 100-percent-stacked-
column chart, except that the data is plotted as lines instead
of vertical bars.

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 Spider Chart
A spider chart can be used to represent actual vs target
values. A radar chart can be used to represent multiple
measures against 3 or more grouping dimension values.

Pyramid Chart
A pyramid chart can be used to represent categories based
on their hierarchy, importance, or size. A pyramid chart
requires one grouping dimension and one measure. It is the
same as a funnel chart, but inverted.

Treemap Chart
Treemap charts can be used to represent hierarchical
structures, using a specific column for coloring. The size
of the rectangle represents the value of the grouping
dimension. Treemaps can also show the 2nd level of the
grouping dimensions. Any hierarchical type data can be
shown with a glimpse into the next level. They are useful for
showing two levels of values at the same time. Treemaps
only show 1 measure but 2 levels.

Heatmap Chart
Heatmap charts can be used to represent values of each
slot using varying darkness. That is, the darker the slot, the
higher the value it represents.

Pie Chart
Use a pie chart to display distinct categories of data. It can
be used to slice one measure by one grouping dimension.
Additional grouping dimensions can be added to allow for
drill down from one dimension to the next.

Pie Donut Chart

Use a pie chart to display distinct categories of data. It can
be used to slice one measure by one grouping dimension.
Additional grouping dimensions can be added to allow for
drill down from one dimension to the next.

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 Donut Chart
The donut chart is used in the same way as the pie chart,
representing data sets in a donut rather than a pie.

Time Series
Use this chart type to represent a time series uisng splines.
This chart requires a minimum of one grouping dimension
and a measure. The graph has zooming capabilities that
enables the user to zoom in different periods. Additional
grouping dimensions may be added for drill-down.
Additional measures are represented by separate colored
splines.

Line Time Series

Use this chart type to represent a time series uisng lines.
This chart requires a minimum of one grouping dimension
and a measure. The graph has zooming capabilities that
enables the user to zoom in different periods. Additional
grouping dimensions may be added for drill-down.
Additional measures are represented by separate colored
lines.

Funnel Chart
A funnel chart displays values as progressively decreasing
proportions. The size of the area is determined by the series
value as a percentage of the total of all values.

Scatter Chart
The Scatter Chart is an X-Y plot in which each entity
represented is assigned a symbol called a point shape.
Both the x and y dimensions are quantitative; that is, they
have magnitude. If there is an independent variable, place
it on the x-axis. The grouping dimension is descriptive or
categorical. The purpose of a scatterplot is to discover or
illustrate correlations between the variables.

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 Bubble Chart
Use this chart type for a bubble representation of a
grouping dimension (e.g. Product Subcategory) varying
in size according to a numeric measure placed third in the
measure field. In this chart, you must have three numeric
elements in the measure field in a specific order (e.g.
Revenue, Cost, Profit). The first measure indicates the x-axis
value, while the second measure indicates the y-axis value.
Finally, the size of each bubble represents the magnitude of
the third measure.

Bubble
This chart type uses bubbles to represent a grouping
dimension (e.g. Country) in varying sizes according to the
element numerical value in the measure field (e.g. revenue).
The grouping dimension labels each bubble.

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 Map Chart
When you design a geographical chart in Incorta Analytics,
the drill-down path should be Country, State/Province (use a
column that contains the ISO state code), and a full address
(street address, city, state).
To use a map chart ensure the following:
1. The Google API key must be provided in the admin
UI (accessed at "https://<IP_ADDRESS>:<PORT_
NUMBER>/incorta/admin") > Tenants > Tenant Name >
Miscellaneous. Please ask the system administrator to do
this.
2. For the Lat/Long data, the Lat/long column data must be
in the (lat,long) format, e.g. 47.23, -140.22 -- This is one
data point.
3. The data must reflect real locations.
4. For full-address data:
a. The county full name (with capital initials) must be
provided, e.g. San Mateo.
b. The country name can be provided in full name (with
capital initials), e.g. United States of America, Egypt,
or in 2 or 3-letter code (in upper case), e.g. US, USA,
EG, EGY.
Notes:
• Google Maps do not allow two map charts in the
same dashboard.
• There was an issue in release 2.8 when combining
two columns using a "concat" formula in the
grouping dimension of the Map chart blocking it from
rendering. The issue is fixed in 2.9.

Map Bubble
This chart type maps the grouping dimension values (e.g.
Country) as bubbles in varying sizes according to the
element numerical value in the measure field (e.g. revenue).

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 TagCloud
This chart type displays the grouping dimension values (e.g.
Country) as tags in varying sizes according to the element
numerical value in the measure field (e.g. revenue).

Area Range Chart

Use this chart type to plot a grouping dimension (e.g.
Country) versus two measures (e.g. Revenue and Cost) using
two different lines. The area enclosed between the two lines
is shaded.

Combination Chart
Use this chart type to combine a pie chart with a column
chart in the same Insight.

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 Types of Gauges

Angular Gauge
An Angular Gauge shows a single value in relation to a
range of values. You can set stops, or ranges on the gauge
to be displayed in certain colors, independent of the value.

Solid Gauge
A Solid Gauge uses a single block of color to show a single
value in relation to a range. You can set stops, or thresholds,
above or below which a certain color is used. The color of
the fill corresponds to the range in which the data value
falls.

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 App. B: Formula Functions

General Rules
• Each open parenthesis must be closed.
• String expressions could be surrounded by either "" (double quotation
marks), or '' (single quotation marks).

Aggregation Functions

Function Signature Description

Returns the sum of a vector

sum(double vector expression)
expression.

Returns the maximum of a vector

max(double [] expression)
expression.

Returns the minimum of a vector

min(double [] expression)
expression.

Returns the median of a vector

median(double [] expression)
expression.

Returns the average of a vector

average(double [] expression)
expression.

Returns the count of a vector

count(object [] expression)
expression.

Returns the count of distinct values of

distinct(object [] expression)
a vector expression.

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 Boolean Functions

Function Signature Description Example

and(SALES.SALES.AMOUNT_
SOLD=3696.48, SALES.SALES.
This boolean
COST_OF_GOODS=1670.79,
function takes one
SALES.COUNTRIES.COUNTRY_
(or multiple) boolean
NAME='Argentina')
and(bool exp1, expressions and
bool exp2, ...) returns "true" if
This formula returns "true" where
all are satisfied,
the revenue, cost, and country
otherwise it returns
name columns are of specific
"false".
values. If one of these values are
not matched, it returns "false".

This function checks

if a field expression contains(SALES.COUNTRIES.
(first paramter) ends COUNTRY_NAME, "n")
with a given string This formula returns "true" if
contains(field exp,
(second parameter), a record in the country name
find string)
returning "true" if column contains the letter "n"
it is, otherwise it (e.g. Spain), otherwise, it returns
returns "false". It is "false".
not case-sensitive.

This function checks

if a string value (first endsWith(SALES.COUNTRIES.
paramter) ends COUNTRY_NAME,"n")
with a given string
endsWith(string
pattern (second This formula returns "true" if
value, string
paramter) to return a record in the country name
pattern)
"true" if it is, column ends with an "n" (e.g.
otherwise it returns Spain), otherwise, it returns
"false". It is not "false".
case-sensitive.

This function takes in(SALES.COUNTRIES.COUNTRY_

an expression NAME, "Germany", "Spain")
(column) and returns This function returns "true" if
in(find exp, const1,
"true" if it is equal a record in the country name
const2, ...)
to one (or more) column is either "Germany" or
constants, otherwise "Spain", otherwise it returns
it returns "false". "false".

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 Function Signature Description Example

This function takes

in an expression and
a comma-separated
list and returns
"true" if any of the
inList(SALES.COUNTRIES.
lsit items match the
COUNTRY_NAME, "Spain,
given expression.
Germany")
It could also
inList(find exp, list) compare a column This function returns "true" each
time a record of the country
against a variable
name column is either "Spain" or
containing a large
"Germany", otherwise it returns
list of data. It can
"false".
be used to define a
data security filter
either in the Table
Details page or in an
insight.

This function takes a isNull(SALES.COUNTRIES.

field expression and COUNTRY_NAME)
isNull(fied exp) returns "true" if it This function takes a column and
is null, otherwise it returns "true" for each null record,
returns "false". otherwise it returns "false".

not(SALES.COUNTRIES.
This function takes a COUNTRY_NAME = 'Germany')
boolean expression This function returns "true" for
not(bool exp)
and returns "true" if any record in the country name
it is false. column but "Germany", otherwise
it returns "false".
or(SALES.SALES.AMOUNT_
This boolean SOLD<3600, SALES.COUNTRIES.
function takes one COUNTRY_NAME='Germany')
(or multiple) boolean
or(bool exp1, bool expressions and This boolean function returns
exp2, ...) returns "true" if one "true" if the revenue is less than
(or all) is satisfied, 3600, or the country name column
otherwise it returns is "Germany". If none of these
"false". conditions is satisfied, it returns
"false" .

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 Function Signature Description Example

This function checks

if a field expression
(first paramter) starts startsWith(SALES.COUNTRIES.
with a given string COUNTRY_NAME, 's')
startsWith(field
(second paramter) to This function returns "true" if a
exp, find string)
return "true" if it is, country starts with the letter "s",
otherwise it returns otherwise it returns "false".
"false". It is not
case-sensitive.

Conditional Statements

Function Signature Description Example

case(SALES.COUNTRIES.
COUNTRY_NAME = 'Spain',
'Great', SALES.COUNTRIES.
COUNTRY_NAME = 'Argentina',
case(bool The "case" statement 'Cool', 'Other_Country')
exp1,result1,bool has the same In this example, for rows with
exp2,result2,..., functionality of the "if" "Spain" in the country name
else) statement. column, the case statement
would return the word "Great".
For "Argentina", it would return
"Cool", otherwise, it would
return "Other_Country".
The "if" statement if(SALES.COUNTRIES.
returns the first COUNTRY_NAME = 'Spain',
expression if the 'Great', 'Other_Country')
boolean expression
if(bool exp, is "true", otherwise In this example, for rows with
expression1, it returns the second "Spain" in the country name
expression2) expression. If the column, the if statement would
first and second return the word "Great". For
expressions are other country names, it would
numbers, the result will return the word "Other_
be of type double. Country".

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 Conversion Functions

Function Signature Description Example

epoch(SALES.Sales_
The epoch or 'Unix Time' Date_dim.Sales_Date)
is the time elapsed since
January 1, 1970. This function This function returns
epoch(int exp) can be used to return the the number of seconds
number of seconds elapsed elapsed from January
since January 1, 1970 until a 1, 1970 until the date
specified date. of each record in the
Sales_Date column.

int(2306.77) converts
the double into an
integer to equal 2307.
Converts a double expression
int(double exp) int(SALES.SALES.
into an integer.
AMOUNT_SOLD)
converts each record
into an integer.

Converts a double expression long(SALES.SALES.

long(double exp)
into a long. AMOUNT_SOLD)

parseDate(INCORTA.
sales.TIME_ID_
This function takes in a String,"dd/MM/yy")
string date representation to This function takes in a
parseDate(string
Convert it into an equivalent string date expression
exp, string format_
value of a date type in the column in the "dd/
mask)
same format as the given MM/yyyy" format
format_mask. and returns a date
expression in the
format "dd/MM/yy".

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 Function Signature Description Example

Converts a string
representation of a number
into a double specified by a
Java DecimalFormat mask. parseDouble("12,345",
parseDouble(string For more information about "#,##0.0#;(###0.#)")
exp, string mask) DecimalFormat patterns, This function returns
please follow this link: 12,345.00
https://docs.oracle.com/
javase/7/docs/api/java/text/
DecimalFormat.html
This function takes in a string
date (the first parameter),
whose format has to match parseTimestamp
the string mask (the second ("2001-12-24
parameter) and returns it 23:05:33.000", "yyyy-
as a date type in a format MM-dd HH:mm:ss.
matching the logged-in SSS")
parseTimestamp user locale preferences. The
This function
(string exp, string function takes any valid java
converts the string
mask) mask.
representation of the
Note the returned date timestamp into a date
format is not affected by type of a matching
the incoming data, or the format to that of the
string mask. To change the logged-in user locale
returned date format, use the preferences.
formatDate(date expression,
string mask) function.

string(INCORTA.
SALES.AMOUNT_
SOLD)
Converts an integer
string(int exp) This function converts
expression into a string.
the integer records
of the amount_sold
column into a string.

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 Function Signature Description Example

Converts a string timestamp

representation into a date
type. The string expression timestamp ("2001-12-
must be in the format 24 23:55:12.000")
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.
timestamp(string SSS". The date is returned This function
exp) in a format according to converts the string
the logged-in user locale representation of
preferences. To change the the timestamp into a
returned date format, use the timestamp field.
formatDate(date expression,
string mask) function.

Filter Functions

Function Signature Description Example

sum(firstVersion(SALES.
SALES.AMOUNT_
Returns the first occurrence of SOLD, SALES.SALES.
a value with respect to date CUSTOMER_ID,
(i.e. the order-by parameter). SALES.SALES.TIME_
firstVersion(value,
Unless used as a filter, this ID))
group-by, order-by)
function must be used inside
an aggregation function (e.g. This function returns
sum, min, max, avg). the total of the earliest
generated revenue by
each customer.
sum(lastVersion(SALES.
SALES.AMOUNT_
Returns the last occurrence of SOLD, SALES.SALES.
a value with respect to date CUSTOMER_ID,
(i.e. the order-by parameter). SALES.SALES.TIME_
lastVersion(value,
Unless used as a filter, this ID))
group by, order by)
function must be used inside
an aggregation function (e.g. This function returns
sum, min, max, avg). the total of the latest
generated revenue by
each customer.

186 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Miscellaneous Functions

Function Signature Description Example

descendantOf(HR.
EMPLOYEES.FIRST_
NAME, "John")
This function returns
"true" for each record
that is descendant of
an employee with the
first name "John",
This function takes in a field i.e. whose manager is
(column of a hierarchical "John".
table) as the first parameter
descendantOf(field, descendantOf(HR.
and returns "true" for each
$sessionVariable) EMPLOYEES.FIRST_
row where the first parameter
is a descendant of the second NAME, $Emp)
one. If you do not want
to hard-code the
employee first name,
you can create a
presentation variable
with a default name
that can be changed
by the user on the
Insight level.

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 Function Signature Description Example

lookup(SALES.
This function fetches a value CUSTOMERS.CUST_
from a table using primary key LAST_NAME, SALES.
lookup(result lookup values. The first parameter CUSTOMERS.CUST_
field, primary key is the field value to be ID, SALES.SALES.
field 1, primary key returned, while the remaining CUSTOMER_ID)
value 1, primary key parameters are the table This example returns
field 2, primary key primary-key fields and their customers last name
value 2, ..., default respective values. The last whose customer
value) parameter takes in the default IDs found in the
value, which could be through CUSTOMERS table
a presentation variable. match those found in
the SALES table.

This function takes a schema

name and returns the last
refresh start time if the system
is running. If the system is
rebooted, the last load start schemaRefreshTime
time gets returned (until the ('SALES')
schemaRefreshTime next refresh). This function returns
(sting schemaName) the last refresh start
If the schema is not part of time for the "SALES"
a dashboard, it will not be schema.
accurate and will show the
date/time the dashboard first
ran and the function had been
called.

Scalar Arithmetic Functions

Function Signature Description Example

Returns the absolute

abs(double (no negative sign)
abs(-4) = 4
expression) value of a double
expression.

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 Function Signature Description Example

Returns the
smallest integer
ceil(double exp) that is greater than, ceil(5.9) = 6
or equal to, an
argument.

Returns the largest

integer that is less
floor(double exp) floor(5.9) = 5
than, or equal to, the
argument.

max(double Returns the

expression, double maximum of two max(2.5, 3.5) = 3.5
expression) double expressions.

min(double Returns the minimum

expression, double of two double value min(2.5, 3.5) = 2.5
expression) expressions.
mod (19/3) = 1, [since 19/3 = 6
+ 1/3].
Returns the
mod(double remainder of
mod (20/3) = 2, [since 20/3 = 6
dividend, double dividing a numerical
+ 2/3].
divisor) dividend by a
numerical divisor.
mod (21/3) = 0, [since 21/3 = 7
+ 0/3].
Not applicable since this
Returns a random
function generates a different
rnd() number between 0
random number each time it is
and 1.
used.

round(14.5) = 15.
round(double Returns the closest round(14.4) = 14.
expression) long. round(Sales.Sales.Amount_Sold)
= <ROUNDED_ROW_VALUE>

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 Scalar Date Functions
There is a known issue with the following date functions, returning random
values for null records. As a workaround, please use a combination of the "if"
and "isNull" functions as shown below:
if(isNull(<DATE_COLUMN>, “<STRING_EXPRESSION>”,
string(<FUNCTION>(<DATE_COLUMN>)))

Example
if(isNull(closeDate, “-”, string(quarter(closeDate)))
In this example, the formula will return the quarter of the "closeDate" column if
CloseDate is not null, and will return '-' if it is Null.

Function
Description Example
Signature

This function adds an addDays (timestamp ("2001-12-

integer number (+/-) of 24 23:55:12.000"), 4)
addDays(date exp, days to a date given in This function takes a date
integer days) the format "yyyy-MM- expression/column and adds
dd", and returns the 4 to it, returning the resulting
final date as a result. date: "2001-12-28".

This function adds a addMinutes (timestamp ("2001-

specified number of 12-24 23:55:12.000"), 10)
addMinutes(date minutes to a date in
exp, long minutes) the format "yyyy-MM- This function adds 10 minutes
dd", and returns the to the timestamp and returns
final date as a result. "2001-12-25 00:05:12.000".

date("2001-12-24
Converts a string to a 23:55:12.000")
date(string date using the “en-US”
expression) locale and the format This function takes a string date
mask "yyyy-MM-dd". representation and returns a
date value.

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 Function
Description Example
Signature

This function takes a day(date("2001-12-24

date expression in the 23:55:12.000"))
day(date "yyyy-MM-dd" format This function takes a date
expression) and returns the month expression/column and return
day component of the the day number of the month,
date/timestamp. which is 24.

This function takes two

dates in the "yyyy-MM- daysBetween(timestamp
dd" format and returns ("2001-12-24 23:55:12.000"),
the number of days timestamp ("2001-12-20
daysBetween(date
between them. Note 23:55:12.000")))
expression, date
the first parameter
expression) This function returns 4 days,
should be the later
date while the second which is the number of days
should be the earlier between the two dates.
date.

This function formats

a date using any formatDate(timestamp ("2001-
simple java date 12-24 23:55:12.000"), "MMM-
formatting masks. (e.g. dd-yyyy")
formatDate(date
formatDate(<schema.
expression, string This function takes in a date and
table.column>, "yyyy-
mask) returns it in the same format as
MM-dd")), where
"yyyy-MM-dd" is the the string mask to be: Dec-24-
date format to be 2001
returned in.

hour(timestamp ("2001-12-24
23:55:12.000"))
Returns the hour
component of a date/ The timestamp function
hour(date converts the string timestamp
timestamp. The date
expression) representation into a timestamp.
should be in the
format "yyyy-MM-dd". The "hour" function returns
the hour component of the
timestamp, which is "23".

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 Function
Description Example
Signature

Returns the first

expression if it is not
There is a known issue with this
null, otherwise, the
function. Please use the "isNull"
ifNull(date exp1, second expression
function as a workaround as
date exp2) gets returned.
shown at the beginning of this
Expressions could be
table.
of type string, date, or
timestamp.

minute (timestamp ("2001-12-24

23:55:12.000"))
Returns the minute
component of the date The timestamp function
minute(date converts the string timestamp
field/timestamp. The
expression) representation into a timestamp.
date should be in the
format "yyyy-MM-dd". The "minute" function returns
the minute component of the
timestamp, which is "55".

Returns the month month(INCORTA.EMP.DATE_

component of a date/ CREATED)
month(date
timestamp. The date This function takes in a date
expression)
should be in the expression and returns the
format "yyyy-MM-dd". month of that date.

removeTime (INCORTA.EMP.
Removes the time DATE_CREATED)
removeTime
component from a This function removes the time
(Timestamp
timestamp, returning component from the timestamp
expression)
only the date. "1/1/00 12:00:00 AM" and
returns only the date "1/1/00".
This function takes
a date expression second(timestamp ("2001-12-24
in the "yyyy-MM-dd 23:05:33.000"))
second(date exp) HH:mm:ss" format and This function returns the
returns the seconds seconds portion of the given
component of the timestamp, "33".
date/timestamp.

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 Function
Description Example
Signature

This function takes

in the end time (first timeBetween (timestamp
timeBetween parameter) and ("2001-12-24 23:05:00.000"),
(timestamp start time (second timestamp ("2001-12-24
endTime, parameter), and 23:00:00.000"))
timestamp returns the duration
startTime) between the two This function returns 300,000
given timestamps in milliseconds, which is 5 minutes.
milliseconds.

This function takes

in a date expression quarter(timestamp("2001-12-24
in the "yyyy-MM-dd 23:05:33.000"))
quarter(date
HH:mm:ss" format and This function returns the quarter
expression)
returns the quarter corresponding to the given
corresponding to the date/timestamp, which is "4".
date/timestamp.

This function takes in a

date expression in the
format "yyyy-MM-dd weekday(timestamp ("2014-07-
HH:mm:ss" and returns 07 00:00:00"))
weekday(date the day number of
expression) the week of that date/ This function returns "2" as the
time stamp. Note that day number of the week, i.e.
Sunday is considered Monday.
as the first day of the
week.

This function takes in a

date expression in the weeknum(timestamp ("2014-01-
format "yyyy-MM-dd 01 00:00:00"))
weeknum(date
HH:mm:ss" and returns This function returns the week
expression)
the week number in number in the year 2014, which
the year of that date/ is "1" in this example.
time stamp.

193 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Function
Description Example
Signature

year (timestamp ("2001-12-24

Returns the year 23:55:12.000"))
component of a date/ The timestamp function
year(date timestamp. The date converts the string timestamp
expression) should be in the representation into a timestamp.
format "yyyy-MM-dd The "year" function returns
HH:mm:ss". the year component of the
timestamp, which is "2001".

Scalar String Functions

Function Signature Description Example

Returns string c1 bin(INCORTA.ADMIN_

(second parameter) if a EMP.EMPNO, "low", 4,
double expression (first "high")
bin(double exp, parameter) < d1 (third This function returns the
string c1, double d1, parameter) string "low" for each
..., string default) else string c2 if exp < d2 employee with ID less than
... 4, otherwise it returns the
else default string (last default string expression
parameter. "high".

concat("San M", "ateo", "

Bridge")
Returns the concatenation
concat(string exp1, This function concatenates
of an arbitrary number of
string exp2, ...) the string parameters
string expressions.
and returns: "San Mateo
Bridge".

This function returns the

index number of one
string expression (first find("e", "Hello")
parameter) in another
find(string exp1, This function returns the
string expression (second
string exp2) index number of the letter
parameter. The first
character starts at 0 and is "e", which is "1".
-1 if exp 1 was not found
in exp2.

194 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Function Signature Description Example

This function returns the

index number of the
last occurrence of one findLast("a", "banana")
string expression (first
findLast(string exp1, parameter) in another This function returns the
string exp2) string expression (second index number of the last
parameter. The first occurrence of the letter
character starts at 0 and is "a", which is 5.
-1 if exp 1 was not found
in exp2.

length("San Mateo")
Returns the length of This function returns
length(string exp) a string expression, the length of the string
including spaces. expression including
spaces, which is "9".

lower("Sally")
lower(string Returns the same string in This function returns the
expression) lower-case letters string "Sally" in lower case
to read "sally".

lTrim(" Hello")
This function takes a string This function trims the
lTrim(string expression and returns it leading white space and
expression) without the leading white returns the word "Hello"
space. without the space before
it.

replace(INCORTA.ADMIN_
Searches string field (first EMP.JOB,"Q","Zee")
parameter) for specified
replace(string exp, This function searches
string characters (second
string old, string the "JOB" column in the
parameter) to replace
new) ADMIN_EMP table for
with other characters (third
parameter). the occurrence of "Q" to
replace with "Zee".

195 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Function Signature Description Example

rTrim("Hello ")
This function takes a string
rTrim(string expression and returns it This function trims the
expression) without the trailing white trailing white space and
space. returns the word "Hello"
without the space after it.

This function searches

a string value (first
parameter) for a string
delimiter (second
parameter) and returns the
word corresponding to
the findNum value (third
parameter). Note that the
word before a delimiter splitPart("Apples-Oranges-
corresponds to a findNum Bananas","-",2)
value "1" and the one
This function searches the
after corresponds to a
string "Apples-Oranges-
findNum value "2". If the
Bananas" for the delimiter
same delimiter is repeated
"-" and returns the second
after the second word,
splitPart(string value, then the following word word occurrence, which is
string delimiters, int corresponds to a findNum "Oranges" in this case.
findNum) value "3". If the delimiter splitPart("Apples-
is different, then this Oranges,Bananas",",",2)
delimiter is surrounded
by a word corresponding This function returns
to a findNum value "1" "Bananas" as it is the
(before) and a findNum word corresponding to the
value "2" after. findNum value "2" for the
"," delimiter.
Sample string value:
"<FIRST_
WORD>,<SECOND_
WORD>, <THIRD_
WORD>"
If the findNum value is
"2", SECOND_WORD will
be returned.

196 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Function Signature Description Example

Returns a substring from

a string expression (the substring("Hello", 2)
first parameter), starting
substring(string exp, This function returns the
with the character at a
int exp2) characters starting from
specified index by the
second parameter. The index number 2, "llo"
first index starts at 0.

Returns a substring from a

string expression (the first
parameter), starting with substring("Hello", 1, 3)
the character at a specified This function returns the
substring(string exp,
index by the second characters starting from
int exp, int exp)
parameter, and ending at index number 1 to index
a specified index by the number 3, "ell".
third parameter). The first
index starts at 0.
trim(" Hello there ")

This function removes This function removes the

trim(string exp) white space before and white space before the
after a string expression. word "Hello" and after the
word "there", returning
"Hello there".
upper("Sally")
upper(string Returns the same string in This function returns the
expression) upper-case letters string "Sally" in upper
case to read "SALLY".

Formula Variables
For a complete list of supported date variables, see App. C: Date Variables.

197 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 App. C: Date Variables

The following table describes the date variables supported by Incorta Analytics.
Please note that If they are used in formula columns of a schema, they are
interpreted at load time and stored in memory. But if they are used in Business
Schemas or a Dashboard, then they are calculated at query time.

Variable Data Type Description

The current date of the Incorta Server

currentDate Date
time.

The current day from the Incorta Server

currentDay Date
time.

The month of the current Incorta Server

currentMonth Integer
time.

currentYear Integer The year of the current Incorta Server time

The first day of the current year: January,

currentYearStart Date
1st, yyyy (time: 00:00:00.000)

The first day of the current Month:

currentMonthStart Date
January, 1st, yyyy (time: 00:00:00.000)

A date that corresponds to the current

dayAgo Date
hour on a 24 hour clock.

A date exactly seven days before the

weekAgo Date
current date (time: 00:00:00.000)

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 Variable Data Type Description

A date exactly one month before the

monthAgo Date
current date (time: 00:00:00.000)

currentQuarter Integer The current quarter from the system time.

A date exactly one quarter before the

quarterAgo Date
current date (time: 00:00:00.000)

A date exactly one year before the current

yearAgo Date
date (time: 00:00:00.000)

The year before the year of the current

lastYear Integer
Unix Time

The first day of the previous year: January,

lastYearStart Date
1st, yyyy (time: 00:00:00.000)

The first day of the previous month, as in:

lastMonthStart Date
January, 1st, yyyy (time: 00:00:00.000)

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 App. D: Load Filter Syntax

This appendix describes the supported syntax in the load filter, including examples
to help you create your own load filters. The appendix lists the supported syntax
into three tables; The operators table, The functions table, and The date variables
table.

The operators table

Operator Description Example

This operator returns the

rows where the data is equal
to a certain value. Note that
this operator would not work
properly with values of type User = 1
<COL_NAME> = "double". For example, if you FirstName = "John"
<VALUE> would like to load the rows Hire_Date =
where the revenue is 1160.20, DATE("03/03/2003")
which is of type double, it
would be impossible to know
the exact double value to be
matched.

User != 1
This operator returns the rows
<COL_NAME> != FirstName != "John"
where the data is not equal to
<VALUE> Hire_Date !=
a certain value.
DATE("03/03/2003")

User < 1
This operator returns the rows
<COL_NAME> < FirstName < "John"
where the data is less than a
<VALUE> Hire_Date <
certain value.
DATE("03/03/2003")

User > 1
This operator returns the rows
<COL_NAME> > FirstName > "John"
where the data is greater than
<VALUE> Hire_Date >
a certain value.
DATE("03/03/2003")

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 Operator Description Example

User >= 1
This operator returns the rows
<COL_NAME> >= FirstName >= "John"
where the data is greater than
<VALUE> Hire_Date >=
or equal to a certain value.
DATE("03/03/2003")

User <= 1
This operator returns the rows
<COL_NAME> <= FirstName <= "John"
where the data is less than or
<VALUE> Hire_Date <=
equal to a certain value.
DATE("03/03/2003")

This operator adds the value

of one column to that of
another column. Note that the
(<COL_NAME1> + (AMOUNT_SOLD
end result of the filter formula
<COL_NAME2>) > + COST_OF_
should be boolean (i.e. true/
<VALUE> GOODS)>1160.20
false). This means you would
need to compare the addition
result to a value.

This operator subtracts the

value of one column from
that of another column. Note
(<COL_NAME1> - (AMOUNT_SOLD
that the end result of the filter
<COL_NAME2>) > - COST_OF_
formula should be boolean
<VALUE> GOODS)>1160.20
(i.e. true/ false). This means
you would need to compare
the addition result to a value.

This operator multiplies the

value of one column by that of
another column. Note that the
(<COL_NAME1> * (AMOUNT_SOLD
end result of the filter formula
<COL_NAME2>) > * COST_OF_
should be boolean (i.e. true/
<VALUE> GOODS)>1160.20
false). This means you would
need to compare the addition
result to a value.

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 Operator Description Example

This operator divides the

value of one column by that of
another column. Note that the
(<COL_NAME1> / (AMOUNT_SOLD
end result of the filter formula
<COL_NAME2>) > / COST_OF_
should be boolean (i.e. true/
<VALUE> GOODS)>1160.20
false). This means you would
need to compare the addition
result to a value.

The functions table

Function Description Example

This boolean AND(User>5, User<13)

For two expressions: function takes AND(FirstName =
AND(<EXP1>, <EXP2>) one (or multiple) "John", FirstName !=
For more than two expressions, boolean expressions "Erick")
use the nested form: and returns "true" AND(Hire_Date <=
AND(<EXP1>, AND(<EXP2>, if all are satised, DATE("01/01/2000"),
AND(<EXP3>, <EXP4>))) otherwise it returns Hire_Date =
"false". DATE("08/08/2008"))

This boolean OR(User>5, User<13)

For two expressions: function takes one OR(FirstName =
OR(<EXP1>, <EXP2>) (or multiple) boolean "John", FirstName !=
For more than two expressions, expressions and "Erick")
use the nested form: returns "true" if one OR(Hire_Date <=
OR(<EXP1>, OR(<EXP2>, (or all) is satised, DATE("01/01/2000"),
OR(<EXP3>, <EXP4>))) otherwise it returns Hire_Date =
"false". DATE("08/08/2008"))

202 | Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018

 Function Description Example

daysBetween(
Returns the data of $currentDate, Time_ID)
the days between < 2500
daysBetween (<DATE_ the date variable
VARIABLE>, <DATE_ and a date column, Note that the
COLUMN>) <OPERATOR> where the date supported date
<VALUE> variable must be variables are:
greater than the "$currentDate",
latter. "$currentYear", and
"$currentMonth".

date ("2001-12-24
Converts a string to 23:55:12.000")
a date using the “en-
date(string expression) US” locale and the This function converts
format mask "yyyy- the string date
MM-dd". representation a value
of date type.

The date variables table

Variable Data Type Description

The current date of the Incorta Server

currentDate Date
time.

The month of the current Incorta Server

currentMonth Integer
time.

currentYear Integer The year of the current Incorta Server time

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Incorta Inc. Copyright © 2018