Process Aids and Intermediates

for the Chemical Industry
SURFACTANTS
 

Nonionic and anionic surfactants

for industrial applications

2 SURFACTANTS
 

Contents

WELCOME TO CLARIANT 4

PRODUCT RANGE 5

NONIONIC SURFACTANTS 6

Alcohol ethoxylates 6
Oxoalcohol ethoxylates 6
Emulsogen EPN range 6
Emulsogen LCN range 6
Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylates 7
Micellaneous synthetic alcohol ethoxylates 8
Natural fatty alcohol ethoxylates 9
Tributylphenol ethoxylates 10
Nonylphenol ethoxylates 11
Alternatives to nonylphenol ethoxylates 12
Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers 13
Alcohol alkoxylates 13
End capped alcohol ethoxylates 14
Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates 14
Other alcohol ethoxylates 15
Fatty acid ethoxylates
Fatty amine ethoxylates 15
Castor oil ethoxylates 16
Fatty acid polyglycerol esters 16
Other ethoxylated fatty acid esters 16

 ANIONIC SURFACTANTS 15

Alkyl and olefin sulfonates 17

Sulfate esters 17
Sulfosuccinic acid derivatives 18
Phosphate esters 19
Alkyl phosphonic acids
Alkyl ether carboxylic acids
Fatty acid derivatives 21

3
 

Welcome to Clariant

Clariant is a world leader in colors, surface effects and performance

chemicals with annual sales of more than 6,2 billion CHF in 2012. It
is domiciled and headquartered in Muttenz near Basel/Switzerland
and operates worldwide on five continents.

Clariant’s BU Industrial & Consumer Specialties, one of the world’s

leading manufacturers of surfactants and polyglycols offers a broad
range of nonionic and anionic surfactants used in the chemical
industry as well as in the coating and construction industries. Our
surfactants range is produced in ten major sites around the world.

Gendorf
Tarragona Zhenjiang • Clear Lake (TX, USA)
Mt. Holly Shizuoka
• Coatzacoalcos (Mexico)
Clear Lake Daya Bay
Coatzacoalcos • Daya Bay (China)
• Gendorf (Burgkirchen, Germany)
• Lara (Australia)
• Mt. Holly (NC, USA)
Suzano • Suzano (Brazil)
• Shizuoka (Japan
Lara
• Tarragona (Spain)
• Zhenjiang (China)

Research, development, production and sales are certified to

DIN EN ISO 9001 (Quality Management) and to
DIN EN ISO 14001 (Environmental Management).
®=Registered trademark of Clariant

4 SURFACTANTS
 

Product Range

PERFORMANCE OF SURFACTANTS
Surface active agents, or short Surfactants, are usually organic compounds that are am-
phiphilic, meaning they contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups and are there-
fore soluble in both organic solvents and water. They reduce the surface tension of a
liquid by adsorbing at the liquid-gas interface, allowing easier spreading, and lower the
interfacial tension between two liquids, e.g. between oil and water, by adsorbing at the
liquid-liquid interface. Surfactants are used as emulsifiers, wetting agents, dispersants
and stabilizers for different chemical and industrial applications.

THE SELECTION OF SURFACTANTS DESCRIBED IN THIS BROCHURE IS OFFERED

FOR THE FOLLOWING APPLICATION AREAS:
• Air entraining agents for the construction industry
• Antifoaming agents
• Auxiliaries for the sugar industry
• Dispersing agents for pigments
• Emulsifiers for bitumen emulsions
• Emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization
• Emulsifiers for micro- and macro emulsions of fats, hydrocarbons and silicon oils
• Emulsifiers for polyolefin wax emulsions
• Wetting agents for adhesives
• Wetting agents for coatings, e.g. in building, construction, textile and paper
• Wetting agents for electroplating processes
• Wetting agents for emulsions, dispersions, polymers, resins
• Wetting agents for hard surfaces like ceramics, wood, plastics and metals

SURFACTANT CLASSES

NONIONIC SURFACTANTS ANIONIC SURFACTANT

Synthetic alcohol ethoxylates Sulfonates

Natural alcohol ethoxylates Sulfate esters

Tributyl phenol ethoxylates Phosphate esters

Nonyl phenol ethoxylates Sulfosuccinic acid derivatives

Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers Ether carboxylates

Alcohol-EO/PO addition products Fatty acid derivatives

Fatty acid ethoxylates Other anionic surfactants

Fatty amine ethoxylates

Castor oil ethoxylates

Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates

Other nonionic surfactants

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Nonionic Surfactants
ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES
Alcohol ethoxylates are based on synthetic or natural fatty alcohols. Synthetic alcohols used
for ethoxylation are available from hydroformylation leading to oxoalcohols or from the
oligomerization of ethylene with Ziegler catalysts. Natural fatty alcohols are produced by
reduction of fatty acids. Both synthetic and natural alcohol ethoxylates are used as nonionic
surfactants in many industries.

OXO ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

Oxoalcohol ethoxylates have a linear or branched carbon chain with a narrow to broad
carbon chain length distributions. The following Emulsogen EPN and Emulsogen LCN
ranges are based on oxoalcohol ethoxylates with a narrow carbon chain length distribution
and varying degrees of ethoxylation for the control of the surface activity. The HLB value
(hydrophilic – lipophilic balance) is a number (Griffin method) calculated on the basis of
the ethylene oxide (EO) content of the hydrophilic polyethylene glycol chain. The longer
the polyethylene glycol chain the higher is the HLB value and the more hydrophilic is the
surfactant.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Oxoalcohol ethoxylates

Emulsogen® EPN 118 Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 11 EO About 80 % Liquid 62 – 65 (3)1  About 15

Emulsogen® EPN 217 Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 21 EO About 70 % Liquid – About 17

Emulsion
Emulsogen® EPN 287 Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 28 EO About 70 % Liquid – About 18
Polymerization
Emulsogen® EPN 403 Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 40 EO About 30% Liquid About 18

Emulsogen® EPN 407 Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 40 EO About 70 % Liquid – About 18

Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylates

Emulsogen® LCN 070 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid 54 – 56 (1) About 13 Wetting agents for
with 7 EO hard surfaces,
emulsions of waxes,
Emulsogen® LCN 088 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 80 % Liquid 62 – 65 (1) About 13
silicones and others
with 8 EO

Emulsogen® LCN 118 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 80 % Liquid 62 – 65 (3) About 15
with 11 EO

Emulsogen® LCN 158 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 80 % Liquid 69 – 71 (3) About 16
with 15 EO
Wetting and
Emulsogen® LCN 217 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 70 % Liquid – About 17 dispesing agents,
with 21 EO emulsion
polymerization
Emulsogen® LCN 287 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 70 % Liquid – About 18
with 28 EO

Emulsogen® L 4050 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 50% Liquid – About 18

with 40 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 407 Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 70 % Liquid – About 18
with 40 EO

 1
  Cloud points relative to the active substance:
(1)
 1 g in 100 cm3 distilled water
(2)
 5 g in 25 cm3 25% aqueous BDG
(3)
 1 g in 100 cm3 10% aqueous NACI solution

6 SURFACTANTS
 

TRIDECYL ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

Tridecyl alcohol is a branched oxoalcohol used for the ethoxylation of the Genapol X range.
Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylated are widely used for industrial applications. A few examples
are given in the following table.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylates

Genapol® X 050 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 5 EO About 100 % Liquid 59 – 62 (2) About 10

Genapol® X 060 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 6 EO About 100 % Liquid 64 – 66 (2) About 11 Emulsifiers for
waxes, olefins,
Genapol® X 080 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid > 45 (1) About 13 silicone oils,
74 – 76 (2) wetting agents
Genapol® X 089 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 90 % Liquid > 45 (1) About 13
74 – 76 (2)

Genapol® X 150 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 15 EO About 100 % Waxy – About 15 Emulsifiers
for emulsion
Genapol® X 407 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 40 EO About 70 % Liquid – About 18 polymerization,
wax emulsions,
Genapol® X 1003 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 100 EO About 35 % Liquid – About 19 pigment
dispersions
Genapol® X 1005 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 100 EO About 50 % Viscous liquid – About 19

Customized formulations of tridecyl alcohol ethoxylates

Emulsogen X 4050 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with About 50% Liquid Below 0°C About 18
40 moles EO
Emulsion
Genapol® 1879 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate About 40% Liquid About 18°C About 15 polymerization

Genapol® 3214 Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate About 25% Liquid About 0°C About 17

MISCELLANEOUS SYNTHETIC ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

The following list contains ethoxylation products made from a Ziegler alcohol or different
oxoalcohols. Ziegler alcohols are synthetic fully saturated alcohols with only even carbon
atom numbers. Oxoalcohols contain both even and odd carbon atom numbers. Longer
carbon chain lengths of the oxoalcohol ethoxylate lead to an increased viscosity of aqueous
solutions and to higher melding points of the ethoxylate. Branching of the alcohol has an
adverse effect.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

 Ziegler alcohol ethoxylate

Genapol® GS 080 Blend of C12 – C20 alkyl ethoxylates About 100 % Waxy 83 – 85 (2) About 12 Emulsion poly-
with 8 EO merization

C12/C15 oxoalcohol ethoxylates

Genapol® OX 080 C12 /C15 oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Pasty 75 – 78 (2) About 13
Emulsifiers and
with 8 EO
dispersing agents
Genapol® OX 100 C12 /C15 oxoalcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Pasty 62 – 65 (1) About 14
with 10 EO

C11 oxoalcohol ethoxylates

Genapol® UD 050 C11 oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 5 EO About 100 % Liquid 66 – 69 (2) About 11 Wetting agents,
(1)
emulsifiers
Genapol® UD 070 C11 oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 7 EO About 100 % Liquid 52 – 55 About 13

Genapol® UD 079 C11 oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 7 EO About 90 % Liquid 52 – 55 (1) About 13

Genapol® UD 110 C11 oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 11 EO About 100 % Liquid paste 62 – 65 (3) About 15

7
 

NATURAL FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

Natural fatty alcohol ethoxylates are based on linear carbon chains and contain mainly even
numbers of carbon atoms ranging from 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Natural fatty alcohols are
available saturated or unsaturated with up to 3 double bonds. The degree of ethoxylation
as well as the carbon chain length, branching and saturation decide on the surface activity
and other physical properties of alcohol ethoxylates.

Selected fractions are ethoxylated for the following product range.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Coconut fatty alcohol ethoxylates, saturated 

Genapol® C 100 C12 /C18 Saturated fatty alcohol About 100 % Pasty 89 – 92 (2) About 14 Wetting and
ethoxylate with 10 EO dispersing agents,
emulsifiers
Genapol® C 200 C12 /C18 Saturated fatty alcohol About 100 % Waxy 76 – 78 (2) About 16
ethoxylate with 20 EO

C12/C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylates

Emulsogen LA 3065 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 65% Liquid – About 18 Emusifier for emul-
with 30 EO sion polymerization

Genapol® LA 070 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100% Liquid 53 – 59 (1) About 13
with 7 EO

Genapol® LA 080 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100% Pasty 60 – 68 (1) About 13
with 8 EO

Genapol® LA 160 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100% Waxy 74 – 76 (3) About 16
with 16 EO
Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylates, saturated 

Emulsogen® 3 896 Cetyl/oleyl alcohol e thoxylate About 100% Waxy solid 73 – 75 (1) About 15 Emusifier for emul-
with 20 EO sion polymerization

Genapol® O 020 Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid paste 34 – 38 (2) About 5 Wetting and
with 2 EO dispersing agents,
emulsifiers
Genapol® O 080 Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid paste >40 (1) About 11
with 8 EO 79 – 81 (2)

Genapol® O 100 Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Pasty >75 (1) About 12
with 10 EO 49 – 51 (3)

Genapol® O 200 Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Waxy solid 74 – 76 (3) About 15
with 20 EO
C16/C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylates, partially unsaturated 

Genapol® T 200 C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Waxy solid 75 – 77 (3) About 15 Emulsifiers and
with 20 EO dispersing agents,
wetting agent
Genapol® T 250 C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Waxy solid 77 – 79 (3) About 16
for building
with 25 EO
admixtures
Genapol® T 250 p C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Powder 77 – 79 (3) About 16
with 25 EO

Genapol® T 500 C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Waxy solid – About 18
with 50 EO

Genapol® T 500 p C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Powder – About 18

with 50 EO

Genapol® T 800 C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Waxy solid – About 19
with 80 EO

Genapol® T 800 p C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 100 % Powder – About 19

with 80 EO

8 SURFACTANTS
 

TRIBUTYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES
Products from the Sapogenat® range are based on tri-sec.-butyl phenol . This group of alkyl
phenol ethoxylates is not regulated by the European Directive 2003/53/EC and are in some
cases alternatives to nonylphenol ethoxylates.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLIC ATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Coconut fatty alcohol ethoxylates, saturated 

Sapogenat® T 040 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 4 EO About 100 % Liquid 26 – 29 (2) About 8

Sapogenat® T 060 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 6 EO About 100 % Liquid 53 – 56 (2) About 10 Wetting Agents
in construction,
Sapogenat® T 080 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid 60 – 68 (2) About 11 paints & coatings,
adhesives, and
Sapogenat® T 110 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 11 EO About 100 % Liquid 42 – 44 (1) About 13 electroplating 
processes,
Sapogenat® T 130 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 13 EO About 100 % Liquid 62 – 64 (1) About 14
dispersing agents
for pigments,
Sapogenat® T 180 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 18 EO About 100 % Waxy 61 – 64 (3) About 15
emulsifier and
Sapogenat® T 300 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 100 % Waxy – About 17 stabilizer for
emulsion polymers
Sapogenat® T 500 Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 50 EO About 100 % Waxy – About 18

NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES
Nonylphenol ethoxylates or NPEOs as they are usually abbreviated are regulated by the
European Directive 2003/53/EC. Their use is restricted in many applications ranging from
detergents to personal care products and industrial applications. In some areas they are still
tolerated like in paints & coatings, adhesives and construction where the surfactant is bond
within a solid matrix with low risks of leaching into the environment. For these applications
NPEOs are still in use.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Arkopal® N 040 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 4 EO About 100 % Liquid 36 – 38 (2) About 8

Arkopal® N 060 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 6 EO About 100 % Liquid 61 – 63 (2) About 11

Arkopal® N 080 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid 32 – 34 (1) About 12 Wetting agents
76 – 78 (2) in paints & coa-
tings, adhesives,
Arkopal® N 090 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 9 EO About 100 % Liquid 52 – 54 (1) About 13
construction,
emulsifiers
Arkopal® N 100 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Liquid 62 – 65 (1) About 13
for emulsion
Arkopal® N 130 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 13 EO About 100 % Liquid paste 83 – 86 (1) About 14 polymerization,
wax dispersions,
Arkopal® N 150 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 15 EO About 100 % Pasty 92 – 95 (1) About 15 bitumen,
61 – 63 (3) dispersing agents
for pigments
Arkopal® N 208 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 20 EO About 80 % Liquid 70 – 73 (3) About 16

Arkopal® N 238 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 23 EO About 80 % Liquid 73 – 75 (3) About 16

Arkopal® N 300 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 100 % Waxy 76 – 78 (3) About 17

Arkopal® N 307 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 70 % Liquid 76 – 78 (3) About 17

Arkopal® N 308 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 80 % Waxy 76 – 78 (3) About 17

Arkopal® N 407 Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 40 EO About 70 % Liquid – About 18

9
 

APEO-FREE ALTERNATIVES TO NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES

Clariant offers a range of alternatives to nonylphenol ethoxylates based on alkyl phenol
free surfactants. With these alternatives of a similar HLB value nonylphenol ethoxylate are
replaces. The following list gives the closest replacement for APEO-free formulations.

NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE HLB VALUE ALTERNATIVES ALTERNATIVES

Nonylphenol + 4 EO About 9 Genapol X 050

Nonylphenol + 6 EO About 11 Genapol X 060

Nonylphenol + 8 EO About 12 Genapol X 080 Emulsogen LCN 070

Nonylphenol + 9 EO About 13 Genapol X 080 Emulsogen LCN 088

Nonylphenol + 10 EO About 13 Emulsogen LCN 118

Nonylphenol + 11 EO About 14 Emulsogen LCN 118

Nonylphenol + 13 EO About 14 Genapol X 150 Emulsogen LCN 118

Nonylphenol + 15 EO About 15 Genapol X 150 Emulsogen LCN 115

Nonylphenol + 20 EO About 16 Genapol X 150 Emulsogen LCN 217

Nonylphenol + 23 EO About 16 Emulsogen LCN 217

Nonylphenol + 30 EO About 17 Emulsogen LCN 287

Nonylphenol + 40 EO About 18 Genapol X 407 Emulsogen LCN 407

ETHYLENE OXIDE-PROPYLENE OXIDE BLOCK COPOLYMERS

The Genapol PF range is based on ethylene oxide – propylene oxide block copolymers
(EO/PO block copolymers) with an ABA structure. The A block is hydrophilic and the
centered B block is hydrophobic. EO/PO block copolymers are low foaming, offer good
wetting and dispersing properties and are used as emulsifiers. Block polymers with low
HLB values are used as cloud point defoamers.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Emulsogen® 4084 EO-PO block polymer with 60 % EO About 100 % Waxy 26 – 29 (2) About 12 Emulsion
polymerization

Genapol® PF 10 EO-PO block polymer with 10 % EO About 100 % Liquid 53 – 56 (2) About 2 Wetting and foam
control agent

Genapol® PF 20 EO-PO block polymer with 20 % EO About 100 % Liquid 42 – 44 (1) About 4 Wetting agent,
emulsifier

Genapol® PF 40 EO-PO block polymer with 40 % EO About 100 % Liquid 62 – 64 (1) About 8 Emulsifier, wetting
and dispersing Agent

Genapol® PF 80 EO-PO block polymer with 80 % EO About 100 % Waxy 61 – 64 (3) About 16 Emulsifier

Genapol® PF 80 FP EO-PO block polymer with 80 % EO About 100 % Powder – About 16 Wetting agent for admix-
ture in construction

10 SURFACTANTS
 

ALCOHOL ALKOXYLATES
The Genapol EP series are based on alkoxylated alcohols made by blockwise addition of ethyl-
ene oxide and propylene oxide to a natural or synthetic fatty alcohol. Alcohol alkoxylates are
low foaming surfactants with good wetting properties and are used as cloud point defoamers.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Genapol® EP 0244 C10 /C12 fatty alcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 35 – 38 (2)
addition product

Genapol® EP 2424 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 24,5 – 27,5 (2)
addition product

Genapol® EP 2464 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 43 – 45 (1) Low foaming wetting agents
 addition product and detergents, rinse off agents
for automatic dish washing 
Genapol® EP 2544 C12 /C15 oxoalcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 31 – 33 (2)
addition product

Genapol® EP 2552 C12 /C15 oxoalcohol PO-EO About 100 % Liquid 39 – 41 (2)

addition product

Genapol® EP 2564 C12 /C15 oxoalcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 27,5 – 31,0 (1)
addition product 43 – 45 (2)

Genapol® EP 2584 C12 /C15 oxoalcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 39 – 42 (1)

addition product 47 – 49 (2)

END CAPPED ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

The Genapol BE series is based on end capped fatty alcohol ethoxylates. The end capping
with a butyl group reduces the foaming tendency of the ethoxylates and allows the produc-
tion of low foaming wetting agents and detergents.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Genapol® BE 2410 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 85 % Liquid 25 – 28 (1)

with 10 EO, butyl-end capped Low foaming wetting agents
(2)
and detergents
Genapol® BE 2805 C12 /C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 99 % Liquid 22 – 26
with 5 EO, butyl-end capped

Genapol® BE 2810 C12 /C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate About 85 % Liquid –

with 10 EO, butyl-end capped

11
 

TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE
The Emulsogen TS range is based on tristyrylphenol ethoxylates and offers strong emulsi-
fying and dispersing performance for organic and aromatic solid and liquid substances.
Tristyrylphenol is not considered an alkylphenol and the ethoxylates have lower ecotoxicity
than nonylphenol ethoxylates.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Emulsogen® TS 100 Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Waxy 65 – 69 (2) About 10

Emulsogen® TS 160 Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 16 EO About 100 % Liquid 58 – 62 (1) About 13 Dispersing agents
for crop protection,
Emulsogen® TS 200 Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 20 EO About 100 % Waxy 55 – 60 (3) About 14 pigments and
biocides
Emulsogen® TS 290 Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 29 EO About 100 % Waxy 67 – 69 (3) About 15

Emulsogen® TS 540 Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 54 EO About 100 % Waxy 72 – 74 (3) About 17

Emulsogen® TS 600 Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 60 EO About 100 % Waxy – About 17

OTHER ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

Other alcohol ethoxylates are based on alcohols with less than 8 carbon atoms. These
ethoxylates are used as solvents in formulations.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE CLOUD HLB VALUE APPLIC ATION
CONTENT (20 °C) POINT (°C)

Genapol® BA 040 Benzyl alcohol ethoxylate with 4 EO About 100 % Liquid – – Solvent, paint stripper

FATTY ACID ETHOXYLATES

Fatty acid ethoxylates haves with similar wetting and emulsifying properties like fatty alcohol
ethoxylates. They are sometime used as replacements of fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters
made by esterification of fatty acids and polyethylene glycols. They sometimes have specific
regulatory and food contact approvals.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE SAPONIFICATION HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) VALUE

Genagen® C 100 C12 /C18 Coconut fatty acid About 100 % Liquid 84 – 81 mg KOH/g About 10 Emulsifier with FDA- approval
ethoxylate with 10 EO (21 CFR 175.105, 21 CFR 176.170)

12 SURFACTANTS
 

FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATES

Fatty amine ethoxylate are made by ethoxylation of primary fatty amines and combine the
wetting, emulsifying and dispersing properties of nonionic and cationic surfactants. At
neutral and acid conditions fatty amine ethoxylates have a positive charge, at alkaline con-
ditions they behave like nonionic surfactants.

Fatty amine ethoxylates are used as emulsifiers and dispersing agents for cationic wax
emulsions, as wetting agents in sanitary cleaners and crop protection products like soluble
liquids of pesticides and as antistatic agents.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Coconut fatty alkyl amine ethoxylates

®Genamin® C 020 C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid Antistatic agent
with 2 EO

Genamin® C 050 C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid
with 5 EO

Genamin® C 100 C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid Emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents
with 10 EO

Genamin® C 150 C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid
with 15 EO

Genamin® C 200 C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate About 100 % Liquid
with 20 EO

Oleyl amine ethoxylates

Genamin® O 020 special Oleyl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO About 100 % Liquid Antistatic agent

Genamin® O 050 Cetyl/oleyl amine ethoxylate with 5 EO About 100 % Liquid

Genamin® O 080 Cetyl/oleyl amine ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid Emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents

Genamin® O 200 Cetyl/oleyl amine ethoxylate with 20 EO About 100 % Liquid

 Stearyl amine ethoxylates

Genamin® S 020 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO About 100 % Solid Antistatic agent

Genamin® S 080 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid

Genamin® S 100 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Liquid Emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents

Genamin® S 150 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 15 EO About 100 % Liquid

Genamin® S 200 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 20 EO About 100 % Liquid

Genamin® S 250 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 25 EO About 100 % Liquid

Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylates

Genamin® T 020 Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO About 100 % Liquid Antistatic agent

Genamin® T 100 Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Liquid Emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents,
adjuvants for soluble liquid pesticide formulations
Genamin® T 150 Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylate with 15 EO About 100 % Liquid

Miscellaneous amine ethoxylates

Genamin® 3920 Capryl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO About 100 % Liquid Corrosion inhibitor for metal working fluids

Genamin® CH 020 Cyclo hexyl amine ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Liquid

13
 

CASTOR OIL ETHOXYLATES

The Emulsogen EL range is based on ethoxylated castor oil. Castor oil is the triester of
glycerol and ricinoleic acid having a hydroxyl group in the fatty acid carbon chain. By
ethoxylation of castor oil emulsifiers and dispersing agents are produced suitable for aque-
ous emulsions and dispersions of many organic and aromatic solid and liquid substances.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE SAPONIFICATION HLB VALUE APPLICATION
CONTENT (20 °C) VALUE

Emulsogen® EL 200 Castor oil ethoxylate with 20 EO About 100 % Liquid 87 – 97 mg KOH/g  About 10

Emulsogen® EL 360 Castor oil ethoxylate with 36 EO About 100 % Liquid 64 – 69 mg KOH/g  About 13 Emulsifiers and
dispersing agents
Emulsogen® EL 400 Castor oil ethoxylate with 40 EO About 100 % Liquid 60 – 64 mg KOH/g  About 13

Emulsogen® EL 540 Castor oil ethoxylate with 54 EO About 100 % Liquid 49 – 53 mg KOH/g  About 14

FATTY ACID POLYGLYCEROL ESTERS

Fatty acid polyglycerol esters are sometimes used as alternatives to fatty acid and fatty
alcohol ethoxylates. Their hydrophilic moiety is a polyglycerol chain derived from natural
glycerol. Fatty acid polyglycerol esters have emulsifying power for oils, fats and resins in
water. By ethoxylation of fatty acid polyglycerol esters the hydrophilicity of the surfactant
is increased which improves the water solubility.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE SAPONIFICATION APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C) VALUE

Hostacerin® DGI Diglycerol diisostearate About 100 % Liquid 160 – 180 mg KOH/g 
Emulsifiers for
Hostacerin® DGMS Diglycerol monostearate About 100 % Pellets 160 – 180 mg KOH/g  W/O and O/W
emulsions
Hostacerin® DGSB Diglycerol distearate ethoxylated with 4 EO About 100 % Waxy 115 – 135 mg KOH/g 

OTHER ETHOXYLATED FATTY ACID ESTERS

Other ethoxylated fatty acid esters are available and have specific regulatory approvals.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE SAPONIFICATION APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C) VALUE

Emulsogen® 4156 Ethoxylates sorbitane monolaurate About 100% Waxy 44 – 48 mg KOH/g  Emulsifier with FDA-approval
with 20 EO (21 CFR 175.105, 21 CFR 178.3400)

14 SURFACTANTS
 

Anionic Surfactants
ALKYL AND OLEFIN SULFONATES
Sulfonation products are anionic surfactants comprising a hydrophobic alkyl chain and an
anionic sulfonic acid group. Sulfonates are anionic surfactants which deprotonate at neutral
and acid pH values and form micelles at low concentrations. They have strong wetting and
emulsifying capabilities. Particularly olefin sulfonates form stable micro-foams used for
building and construction to entrap air in render, plasters and concrete. The micro-foam
reduces the weight of plasters and improves the temperature stability of concrete. Alkane
sulfonate and olefin sulfonates are both used as emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Hostapur® OS Liquid C14 /C16 alpha-olefin sulphonates, About 42 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization (e.g. E-PVC),
sodium salt wetting agent for hard surface and carpet cleaners, liquid
dish washing agents, air entraining agent for concrete

Hostapur® OSB C14 /C16 alpha-olefin sulfonate, About 90 % Powder Air entraining agent for admixtures
sodium salt

Hostapur® SAS 30 C14 /C17 Secondary alkane sulfonate, About 30 % Liquid

sodium salt Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, antistatic agent,
surfactant for heavy duty liquid detergents
Hostapur® SAS 60 C14 /C17 Secondary alkane sulfonate, About 60 % Paste
sodium salt

Hostapur® SAS 93 C14 /C17 Secondary alkane sulfonate, About 93 % Waxy pellets

sodium salt

SULFATE ESTERS
Sulfate esters are available from sulfonation of fatty alcohols and alcohol ethoxylates. They
are strong wetting agents and emulsifiers applied in many fields of the industry including
house hold detergents. Sulfate esters are one of the most important surfactant groups in
emulsion polymerization due to their ability to form micelles under acid conditions.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Emulsogen APS 100 Allyl polyoxyalkylene sulfate with About 100 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization with a
4 PO and 10 EO, ammonium salt copolymerizable group

Emulsogen® EPA 073 Alkyl polyethylene glycol ethersulfate About 28 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization,
with 7 EO, sodium salt dispersing agent for pigment preparations

Emulsogen® EPA 078 Alkyl polyethylene glycol ethersulfate About 86 % Liquid paste Concentrated version of Emulsogen EPA 073
with 7 EO, sodium salt

Emulsogen® EPA 1954 C12/C14 alkyl sulfate, sodium salt About 30 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization

Emulsogen® LA 033 C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol ether- About 30 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization
sulfate with 3 EO, ammonium salt

Emulsogen® LA 083 C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol About 30 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization
ethersulfate with 8 EO, ammonium salt

Emulsogen LCA 213 Alcohol polyethylene glycol ether sulfate, About 30 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization
ammonium salt with 21 moles EO

Emulsogen® PF 20 S Polyalkylene glycol ethersulfate, About 50 % Liquid Emulsion polymerization

ammonium salt Emulsion polymerization, air entraining agents
for construction
Genapol® LRO Liquid C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol ether About 27 % Liquid
ethersulfate with 2 EO, sodium salt

Genapol® LRO Paste C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol About 68 % Pasty

ethersulfate with 2 EO, sodium salt Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization,
dispersing agent for pigments
Hostapal® BV Conc. Tributyl phenol polyethylene glycol About 50 % Pasty
ethersulfate with 7 EO, sodium salt

Hostapal® BV Liquid Tributyl phenol polyethylene glycol About 17 % Liquid

ethersulfate with 7 EO, sodium salt

Zeliquid® LP 2 Lauryl polyethylene glycol About 50 % Liquid Air entraining agent for concrete and mortars
ethersulfate with 3 EO, ammonium
salt, butoxy ethanol as solvent

15
 

SULFOSUCCINIC ACID DERIVATIVES

Sulfosuccinates and Sulfosuccinamates are wetting agents and emulsifiers for industrial
applications. They are used as wetting agents in coatings and printing inks, as dispersing
agents and as foaming agents in textiles and carpet back sizing.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Emulsogen® SF 8 Diisooctyl sulfosuccinate, About 50 % Liquid Wetting agent for printing inks, emulsifier for
sodium salt emulsion polymerization, dispersing agent

PHOSPHATE ESTERS
Phosphate esters are mixtures of mono, di and trimester, free alcohol and phosphoric acid.
Only the mono and diester have a charged group within the molecule and have surface
activity and emulsifying capability. The ration of the mono, di and triester is controlling the
ability to form W/O and O/W emulsions.

Phosphate esters are used as antistatic agents, extreme pressure lubricant additives, emul-
sifiers and dispersing agents. Alkyl phosphates are used for hydrophobic systems like W/O
emulsions and inks. Ethoxylated phosphate esters are used as emulsifiers and dispersing
agents for O/W emulsions, emulsion polymerization and dispersions. The longer the poly-
glycol chain of the phosphate ester the stronger is the dispersing and stabilizing effect in
the ester.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Phosphate esters of fatty alcohols

Hostaphat® CC 100 Cetyl phosphoric acid ester, acid form, About 98 % Waxy O/W emulsifier (triglycerides, mineral oils) for
mono/diester cosmetic emulsions

Hostaphat® CK 100 Cetyl phosphoric acid ester, potassium About 98 % Powder O/ W emulsifier (triglycerides, mineral oils) for
salt, mono/diester cosmetic emulsions

Hostaphat® MDAH Mono-/di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric About 98 % Liquid Dispersing agent for organic pigments in ball
acid ester, acid form point pens

Phosphate esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols

Hostaphat® 145 Oleyl polyoxethyl (5 EO) phosphoric About 98 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, water
acid mono/diester, acid form soluble lubricants

Hostaphat® 1306 Isotridecyl polyoxethyl (6 EO) phos- About 96 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization
phoric acid mono/diester, acid form

Hostaphat® KL 340 D Lauryl polyethoxy (4 EO) phosphoric About 90 % Liquid O/W and W/O emulsifier
acid ester, sodium salt, mono/di/triester

Hostaphat® KW 340 D Stearyl polyethoxy (4 EO) phosphoric About 90 % Liquid O/W and W/O emulsifier
acid ester, sodium salt, mono/di/triester

Hostaphat MIT 080 Tridecyl polyethylen glycol ether phos- About 98 % Liquid Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization
phoric acid ester (8 EO), acid form,
about 80% mono ester

16 SURFACTANTS
 

ALKYL PHOSPHONIC ACIDS

Alkyl phosphonates consists of amphiphilic molecules with a phosphonic acid group attached
to the carbon atom of an alkyl chain. Alkyl phosphonates have a strong affinity to metal sur-
faces and are used as corrosion inhibitors. Another application of alkyl phosphonates is the
hydrotropic effect in surfactant formulations.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Hostaphat® OPS 30 Octane phosphonic acid dissolved About 30 % Pasty Hydrotrope for surfactant formulations, corrosion
in water inhibitor

Hostaphat® OPS 75 E n-Octane phosphonic acid + ethanol/  About 75 % Liquid Hydrotrope for surfactants formulations, corrosion
water inhibitor

Hostaphat® OPS 100 n-Octane phosphonic acid About 100 % Waxy Dispersing agent for titanium dioxide in polyolefins
and for inorganic pigments in solvent-borne coatings

17
 

ALKYL ETHER CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

Alkyl ether carboxylic acids are alkyl ethoxylates with a terminating acetic acid group. They
are used as emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, lime soap dispersing agent agents, wetting
agents and detergents.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Emulsogen® CIO 050 Isooctyl polyoxethyl (5EO) acetic acid About 89 % Liquid

Emulsogen® CNO 080 n- Octyl polyoxethyl (8EO) acetic acid About 90 % Liquid

Emulsogen® COA 070 Oxo Alkyl polyoxethyl (7EO) acetic acid About 90 % Liquid Emulsifiers and corrosion inhibitors for metal
working fluids, dispersing agents
Emulsogen® COL 020 Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid About 93 % Liquid

Emulsogen® COL 050 Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid About 93 % Liquid

Emulsogen® COL 080 Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid About 90 % Liquid

Emulsogen® COL 100 Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid About 9 % Liquid

Emulsogen® DTC 070 Isotridecyl polyoxethyl (7EO) acetic About 90 % Liquid Dispersing agent for pigments, emulsifier for cosmetic
acid emulsions, dispersing agent for pigment dispersions
and personal care products

FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES

The anionic fatty acid derivatives from the following table range from glycinates and sarco-
sides with a terminating carboxylic acid group to isethionates and methyl taurides with a
sulfonic acid group. Generally fatty acid derivatives show a better hardwater lather perform-
ance than fatty acids. Anionic fatty acid derivatives are used as foaming agents, foam boost-
ers or foam stabilizers. They also function as detergents, emulsifiers and dispersing agents.

TRADE NAME CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE APPEARANCE APPLICATION

CONTENT (20 °C)

Fatty acid sarkosine and sarcosides

Arkomon® SO Oleoyl sarkosin About 85 % Liquid Emulsifier, dispersing agent, corrosion inhibitor
for metal working fluids

Medialan® LD Lauroyl sarcoside, Na salt About 30 % Liquid Foaming agent in dental care products

Fatty acid isethionates and methyl taurides

Arkopon® T 8015 Oleic acid methyl tauride, sodium salt About 40 % Waxy paste Dispersing agent and emulsifier, anionic bitumen
emulsions, foaming agent for building products

Hostapon® CT Paste Coconut fatty acid methyl tauride, Na salt About 30 % Waxy paste Foaming agent, lime soap dispersing agent and
cleansing agent in body care products

Hostapon® SCI-65 G Coconut fatty acid isethionate, Na salt, About 65 % Granules

blend with 20% stearic acid Soap bars, antistatic for polymers, air entraining
agent for construction, silicone emulsions
Hostapon® SCI-85 G Coconut fatty acid isethionate, Na salt About 85 % Granules

Hostapon® TPHC Oleic acid methyl tauride, Na salt About 60 % Powder Dispersing agent and emulsifier, anionic bitumen
emulsions, foaming agent for building products

Other fatty acid amides

Genagen LAA Sodium amphoacetate Ca. 31% Liquid Cleansing agent, dispersing agent

Hostapon CGN N-Cocoyl glutamate, sodium salt Ca. 31% Liquid Cleansing agent, dispersing agent

Hostapon SG Sodium cocoyl glycinate Ca. 30% Liquid Cleansing agent, dispersing agent

18 SURFACTANTS
 

19
 

CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD

BU INDUSTRIAL & CONSUMER SPECIALTIES
Rothausstrasse 61
4132 Muttenz
Switzerland

Sales & Marketing 

CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD
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