Chapter 2 – Examples

1. The sides of a right triangle have lengths (a-b), a, and (a+b). What is the ratio of a to b if a is
greater than b and b could not be equal to zero?
SOLUTION:
 Label where the sides are.
 Use Pythagorean theorem:
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 + 𝑎2
𝑎 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 = 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 + 𝑎2
2

4𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎2
𝑎2
4𝑏 =
𝑎
𝑎
4=
𝑏
 Thus, a:b = 4:1

2. In a triangle ABC, AB = 8m and BC = 20m. One possible dimension of CA is:

3. A triangular piece of wood having a dimension 130cm, 180cm, and 190cm is to be divided by a
line bisecting the longest side drawn from its opposite vertex. What are the areas of the two
triangle?

SOLUTION:
 Area triangle ABC using Hero’s Formula;
𝐴 = √𝑠(𝑠 − 𝑎)(𝑠 − 𝑏)(𝑠 − 𝑐)
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 130 + 180 + 190
𝑠= = = 250 𝑐𝑚
2 2
𝐴 = √250(250 − 130)(250 − 180)(250 − 190)
= 11,225 𝑐𝑚 2

 In triangle ABC, using Cosine law, find the angle B

𝐵 = 41.03°
 Solve area of BCD,
1
𝐴 = 𝑎𝑏 sin 𝜃
2
1
𝐴 = (180)(95) sin 41.03°
2
𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 5612 𝑐𝑚 2
𝐴𝐴𝐶𝐷 = 5613 𝑐𝑚 2
 4. Given the figure, find the length of EB if the area of the inner triangle is ¼ of the outer triangle as
shown.

SOLUTION:
 Let assume inner triangle = outer triangle
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 ∆𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 ∆𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟
4
1 1 1
(45)(𝐴𝐸 ) sin 𝜃 = [ (65)(90) sin 𝜃]
2 4 2
𝐴𝐸 = 32.5

𝐸𝐵 = 90 − 𝐴𝐸
𝐸𝐵 = 90 − 32.5 = 57.5

5. A piece of wire is shaped to enclose a square whose area is 169 cm2. It is then reshaped to
enclose a rectangle whose length is 15cm. What will be the area of the rectangle?

SOLUTION:
 Let’s solve for the sides and perimeter of the square;
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 𝑥 2
169 = 𝑥 2
𝑥 = 13 𝑐𝑚

𝑃𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 4𝑥 = 4(13) = 52 𝑐𝑚
 Let say Psquare is equal to Prectangle
𝑃𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
( )
52 = 2 15 + 2(𝑦)
𝑦 = 11 𝑐𝑚
 Area of rectangle
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 𝑎𝑏 = 15(11) = 165 𝑠𝑞. 𝑐𝑚

6. Smaller side of a parallelogram is 10m and its diagonals are 16m and 24m, respectively. What is
the area of the figure?

SOLUTION:
 Solve included angle using Cosine Law;
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝜃
10 = 82 + 122 − 2(8)(12) cos 𝜃
2

𝜃 = 55.77°
 Solve the area
1 1
𝐴 = 𝑑1 𝑑2 sin 𝜃 = (24)(16) sin 55.77°
2 2
𝐴 = 158.74 𝑚 2
 7. A corner lot of land is 35m on one street and 25m on the other street. The angle between the
two lines of the street being 82°. The other two lines of the lot are respectively perpendicular to
the lines of the streets. What is the worth of the lot if its unit price is P2500 per square meter?

SOLUTION:
𝐴𝑙𝑜𝑡 = 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸 + 𝐴𝐴𝐵𝐸
 Using triangle ABE, solve for BE and EA
𝐵𝐸
sin 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝐵𝐸 = 35 sin 82° = 34.66 𝑚
𝐸𝐴
cos 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝐸𝐴 = 35 cos 82° = 4.87 𝑚
𝐷𝐸 = 𝐶𝐹 = 25 − 𝐸𝐴 = 20.13 𝑚
 Using triangle BCF, solve for BF
𝐶𝐹
tan 𝜃 =
𝐵𝐹
20.13
𝐵𝐹 = = 2.83 𝑚
tan 82°
𝐸𝐹 = 𝐵𝐸 − 𝐵𝐹 = 34.66 − 2.83 = 31.83 𝑚
 Solve for the lot area
𝐶𝐷 + 𝐵𝐸 1
𝐴= (𝐷𝐸 ) + (𝐸𝐴)(𝐵𝐸)
2 2
31.83 + 34.66 1
𝐴= (20.13) + (4.87)(34.66)
2 2
𝐴 = 753.62 𝑚 2
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 753.62(2500) = 𝑃1,884,050.00

8. A regular hexagon with an area of 93.53 cm2 is inscribed in a circle. What is the area in the circle
not covered by the hexagon?

SOLUTION:
 Find the angles;
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 = (𝑛 − 2)180° = (6 − 2)(180°) = 720°
720
𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑥 = = 120°
6
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 60°
 We have equilateral triangles
𝐴ℎ𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛 = 𝐴𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 (6)
1
93.53 = 𝑟 2 sin 60° (6)
2
𝑟 = 6𝑐𝑚
 Area of the circle
𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 = 𝜋𝑟 2 = 𝜋(62 ) = 113.097 𝑐𝑚 2
 Required Area
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 − 𝐴ℎ𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛 = 113.097 − 93.53 = 19.567 𝑐𝑚 2
 9. What is the area of a regular decagon inscribed in a circle with a diameter of 15cm?

SOLUTION:
 A decagon has 10 sides (n=10)
360° 360°
𝜃= = = 36°
𝑛 10
 Diameter = 15cm, Radius = 7.5cm
1 1
𝐴𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 𝑟 2 sin 𝜃 = (7.52 ) sin 36° = 16.53 𝑐𝑚 2
2 2
 Area of the decagon
𝐴𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛 = 𝐴𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 (10)
𝐴𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛 = 16.53(10) = 165.3 𝑐𝑚 2

10. A circle whose area is 452 cm2 is cut into two segment by the chord whose distance from the
center of the circle is 6cm. Find the area of the larger segment.

SOLUTION:
 Solve for radius;
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
452 = 𝜋𝑟 2
𝑟 = 12 𝑐𝑚
 Consider the right triangle; solve for θ and α;
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 6
cos 𝛽 = =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 12
𝛽 = 60° ; 𝜃 = 120°
𝛼 = 360 − 120 = 240°
 Solve the area;
𝐴 = 𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 + 𝐴𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
𝜋𝑟 2 𝛼 1 2
𝐴= + 𝑟 sin 𝜃
360 2
𝜋(12)2 (240°) 1
𝐴= + (12)2 sin 120° = 363.95 𝑐𝑚 2
360° 2

11. A circle having an area of 224 m2 is inscribed in an octagon. Find the area of the octagon.

SOLUTION:
 Solve for the radius r of the circle;
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
224 = 𝜋𝑟 2
𝑟 = 8.444 𝑚
 Draw a triangle, solve for θ;
360° 360°
𝜃= = = 45°
𝑛 8
 Create right triangle and solve for R;
 𝜃 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑟
cos = =
2 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑅
45 8.444
cos =
2 𝑅
𝑅 = 9.1397 𝑚
 Solve for area of octagon;
1
𝐴𝑜𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛 = 𝐴𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 (8) = (9.1397)2 sin 45° (8) = 236.27 𝑚 2
2

12. Given the figure, calculate the approximate area of the figure using Simpson’s one-third rule.

SOLUTION:
 Label; d = 1, h1=4, h2=3, h3=2, h4=3, h5=6, h6=6, h7=4
1
𝐴 = (ℎ1 + 2Σℎ𝑜𝑑𝑑 + 4Σℎ𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + ℎ𝑛 )
3
1
𝐴 = (4 + 2(2 + 6) + 4(3 + 3 + 6) + 4)
3
𝐴 = 24 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

13. Given the coordinates of the polygon, (-5,5), (5,5), (7,-2), (1,-4) and (-7,0), determine its area.
SOLUTION:
 Plot and draw the figure;
 Arrange them in order.

1 𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥𝑛
𝐴 = |𝑦 𝑦2 ⋯ 𝑦𝑛 |
2 1

1 −5 −7 1 7 5 −5|
𝐴= |
2 5 0 −4 −2 5 5

1
𝐴 = [((−5)(0) + (−7)(−4) + (1)(−2) + (7)(5) + (5)(5))
2
− ((5)(−7) + (0)(1) + (−4)(7) + (−2)(5) + (5)(−5))]
1
𝐴 = [(86) − (−98)] = 141 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
2
1. What is the area of a regular decagon inscribed in a circle with a diameter of 15cm?
2. A circle whose area is 452 cm2 is cut into two segment by the chord whose distance from the
center of the circle is 6cm. Find the area of the larger segment.
3. A circle having an area of 224 m2 is inscribed in an octagon. Find the area of the octagon.