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6
Mathematics 11
Quarter 2 - Module 3
Numbers and Number Sense

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Mathematics - Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Numbers and Number Sense
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Tangub City

Schools Division Superintendent: Agustines E. Cepe, CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Mariefe B. Morales
Reviewers: Lenie J. Marte, Aljun C. Pilonggo, Merlyn P. Yama,
Serafin E. Mendoza Jr.
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Janeth U. Tigol

Management Team
Chairperson: Agustines E. Cepe, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Co-Chairpersons: Rosemarie T. Masecar
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Members Carmelita a. Jubay, CID Chief
Puriza L. Legaspi, EPS - Mathematics
Gina L. Mandawe, EPS - LRMS
Marilou S. Galvez, PDO II
Binepie M. Tapao, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Tangub City
Office Address: Anecito Siete Street Mantic, Tangub City
Telefax: (088) 395-3372
E-mail Address: www.depedtangub.net
 6
Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Module 3

Numbers and Number Sense

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by selected teachers, school head and education program supervisors of the
Department of Education – Tangub City Division. We encourage teachers and
other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Tangub City Division at
www.depedtangub.net

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Table of Contents

How to Learn from this Module................................................................................................................i

Icons of this Module....................................................................................................................................ii

Lesson 1. Percentage
What I need to know ...................................................................................................... 1
What ‘s New...................................................................................................................... 1
What Is It ........................................................................................................................... 2
What’s More ..................................................................................................................... 11
What I Have Learned...................................................................................................... 12
Assessment....................................................................................................................... 13

Lesson 2: Solving Problems involving Percentage, Rate and Base

What I need to know....................................................................................................... 14

What’s New..................................................................................................................... 14
What Is It ......................................................................................................................... 15
What’s More ................................................................................................................... 21
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. 22
Assessment .................................................................................................................... 23
(or more lessons)

Key to Answers........................................................................................................................................ 24-25

Appendices ……………………………………………………………………………… 26-41
References................................................................................................................................................. 42
Preface

To My Dearest Learners,

Welcome to this module! You must be very eager to start with the learning
activities prepared specifically for you. After all, the activities in the module have
been designed to provide you with rich and stimulating learning experience in
Mathematics.
You have learned in previous lesson the techniques to find a missing term in a
proportion. Moreover, you have developed skills on how to solve problems involving
direct proportion, partitive and inverse proportion in different context.
This module discusses the concept of percentage and the three important
elements in solving the percentage problems. Most importantly, this module will
provide you with ways and solutions giving you the confidence to solve problems not
only in measurements but also in all the other areas of Mathematics.

This is your guide for the proper use of the module.

1. Read the items in the module carefully.
2. Follow the instructions as you read the materials.
3. Answer all the questions that you encounter.
4. To be successful in undertaking this module, you must be patient and
industrious.
5. Take your time to study and learn. Happy learning!
As you journey through this module, it is hoped that your willingness and
excitement to learn Mathematics may forever be embedded in your hearts.

The author
 Lesson

1 Percentage

Find the percentage or rate or percent in a given problem.

In this lesson, learners will be able to find the percentage or

rate or percent in a given problem.

Three Important Terms/Elements to define when finding a percentage.

1. Rate (R) – is the number compared to 100. It is usually has either a percent
sign (%) or word “percent” with it.
2. Percentage (P) – is the number or amount that represents a part of a whole.

3. Base (B) – is the number or amount that represents a whole or the entire
amount.

You can see the relationship of the three elements in the following formula.

Formula in Finding Percentage, Rate & Base

 Percentage = base x rate
P= B x rate
 Rate = Percentage
Base
R=P
B
 Base = Percentage
Rate
B=P
R
 1

Finding the Percentage (P)

Percentage (P) – is the number or amount that represents a part of a whole.

To find percent of a number, change the percent to a fraction or a decimal.

Illustrative Example 1.

Find 65% of 80.

Given: Rate = 65%

Base= 80
Percentage =?
Solution:
 Solve the percentage using the formula.
Formula: P = B x R
= 80 x 65%
= 80 x 0.65 * Change rate to decimal then multiply.
P = 52

Answer: 65% of 80 is 52

Illustrative Example 2.
There are 480 pupils in a school. If 15% of them are Boy Scouts, how
many Boy Scouts does the school have?

Solution : 15% of 480 = P

Rate Base Percentage

We can solve the problem using the formula.

Formula : P = B x R

P=BxR
= 480 x 15%
= 480 x 15% * Change 15% into decimal. Then multiply by the
= 72 base

Answer: There are 72 Boy Scouts in the school.

 2
Do this!

There are 40 pupils in a class. Seventy-five percent

of them are present. How many pupils are present? How
many are absent?
Check your
answer below
________

Did you get the correct answers?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

If no, read and study again illustrative examples 1 & 2 and answer the
questions below .

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed

to the next activity.

Congratulations

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 1

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?
 If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations

 30 pupils are present & 10 pupils are absent

3
Finding the Rate (R)

Rate (R) – is the number compared to 100. It is usually has neither a percent
sign (%) or word “percent” with it.
Illustrative Example 3.
36 is what percent of 60?
Solution: We can solve the problem in three ways.
Rate = Percentage
Base

Think: n% of 60 = 36

Percentage
Base
Rate

a. Using Fraction

n% of 60 = 36 * write rate as a fraction

n x 60 = 36
100

60n = 36 x 100
60n = 3600
60n = 3600
60 60
n = 60

b. Using a Proportion
Rate = Percentage
Base
100 x 36 = 3600
n = 36 n : 100 = 36 : 60
 100 60 n x 60 = 60n
60n = 3600
60n = 3600
60 60
n = 60

c. Using the formula

Rate = Percentage
Base
= 36
60
= 0.60 * Change decimal to percent
R = 60%

Answer: 36 is 60% 60
4

Illustrative Example 4:

There are 2480 fruits in a fruit stand, of which 868 are mangoes.
How many percent are mangoes?
Given: Rate = n%
Base = 2480
Percentage = 868
Solution: We can solve the problem in three ways.

a. Using a Fraction
n% of 2480 = 868
n x 2480 = 868 *change rate into fraction
100
2480n = 868
100

100 x 2480n = 868 x 100 * Multiply both sides by 100

100
2480n = 8680 * Divide both sides by 2480
2480 2480
n = 35
b. Using a Proportion
Rate = Percentage
Base 100 x 868= 86800
n = 868 n : 100 = 868 : 2480
100 2480 n x 2480 = 2480n
2480n = 86800

2480n = 86800
 2480 2480

n = 35
 Find the product of the means and extremes.
 Write the equation.
 Divide both sides by 2480

c. Using the formula

Rate = Percentage
Base
R = 868
2480
= 0.35 * Change decimal to percent
= 35%

Answer: 35% of the fruits are mangoes

Do this
In a Grade 6 class of 40 pupils, 36 pupils attended the
meeting of the Math Club. What percent of the class attended
the meeting?

Check your
answer below
________

Did you get the correct answer?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

Activity 3

Express the ratio of the given problem below.

If no, read and study again illustrative examples 3 & 4 and answer the
 Question:

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 2.

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations

 90% of the pupils attended the meeting

6

Do this!
Out of 50 pupils, only 48 joined the educational trip. What percent

of the pupils joined the trip?

Check your
answer below
________

Did you get the correct answer?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

Activity 3

Express the ratio of the given problem below.

Question:
If no, read and study again illustrative examples 3 & 4 and answer the
questions below .

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 3

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations
  96% of the pupils joined the Educational Trip

Finding the Base (B)

Base (B) – is the number or amount that represents the whole or the entire
amount.

Illustrative Example 5.

Cesar has 72 foreign stamps in his collection. If this is 16% of

his collection, how many stamps is his total collection?

Solution: Finding the base is another application of percent problems.

Formula: Base = Percentage
Rate
Think: 16% of n = 72

Rate Percentage
Base

a. Use the ratio and proportion

16 = 72
100 n
 Find the missing term of the proportion. Use cross products.
16 = 72
100 n
16n = 7200 * write the equation
16n = 7200 * divide both by 16
16 16

n= 450
 b. Use Proportion
Rate = Percentage
Base
16 = 72
100 n
16n = 7200 * write the equation
16n = 7200
16 16 * divide both by 16

R = 450

c. Use the Formula

Base = Percentage
Rate
= 72 * change percent to decimal
16%
= 72
0.16
B = 450

Answer: Cesar has a total of 450 stamp in his collection.

Do this!
In Grade 6-Love class, 6 pupils received an A on the last

Math test. This is 20% of the number of pupils in her class. How

many pupils are there in Grade 6-Love class?

Check your
answer below
________

Did you get the correct answer?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

Activity 3

If no, read and study again illustrative example 5 and answer the
 Express the ratio of the given problem below.

Question:

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 4

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations

 There are 30 pupils in Grade 6-Love class

Do this!
Andrea has P20 in his packet which is only 5% of

the money of her sister. How much is the money of her

sister?

Check your
answer below
________

Did you get the correct answer?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

Activity 3

Express the ratio of the given problem below.

Question:
If no, read and study again illustrative example 5 and answer the
questions below .

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 5

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations
  P400, money of her sister

10

Solve each problem.

1. ________ % of 125 is 25

2. 32 is ______% of 80

3. 488 is ______% of 800

4. 135 is ______% of 300

5. ________% of 90 = 27
 11

Solve each problem.

1. What number of 65% of 120? _______

2. ______ is 20% of 60

3. The number 70 is 35% of what number?

4. Fourteen is 35% of ______

5. Forty –eight is 60% of what number?

 If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed
to the next activity.

Congratulations

12

Assessment

A. Complete the table below.

Rate Base Percentage

1 3% 400
2 6% 75
3 800 440
4 15 3
 5 50 32

B. Answer each of the following.

1. Find 20% of 250.

2. Twenty-five percent of 24 is what number?

3. What is 15% of 80?

4. Eighteen is what % of 24?

5. What percent of 90 is 18?

C. Solve the following problems.

1. In a class of 50 pupils, 24 are boys. What percent of the class are boys and
what percent are girls?
2. A vendor had 200 balloons for sale. If he sold 125 of them, what percent
remains unsold?
3. In a class of 50 pupils, 75% practice their math skills using online puzzles and
exercises on the internet. How many pupils are on their practice?

13
 Lesson Solving Problems involving
2 Percentage, Rate and Base.

Solve routine and non- routine problems involving finding the percentage,
rate
and base using appropriate strategies and tools.

In this lesson, learners will be able to solve routine and non-routine

problems involving finding the percentage, rate and base using appropriate
strategies and tools.

 Routine Problems involve using at least one of the four arithmetic operations
and/or ratio to solve that are practical in nature.
 Non-routine problems require some degree of creativity or originality to
solve. These problems typically don’t have an immediately apparent strategy
for solving them. Often times, these can be solved in multiple ways.

Steps for Problem Solving:

1. Understand
2. Plan
3. Execute / Solve
4. Review / Check
 14

Illustrative Example 1
In an international conference, 400 people who attended were Filipinos. If
30% of these were Filipino male professionals, how many Filipino female
professionals were there?
Understand:
 What is asked?
Percentage of the number of Filipino female professionals in the
international conference.
 What are the given facts?
A total of 400 Filipinos were there. Of the total, 40% were male.
Plan:
400

Female 60% Male 40%

If there were 40% male professionals, 100% - 40% = 60%. Therefore,
60% comprises the number of female professionals. To solve the exact number
professionals, we can use the formula for finding percentage: P=R x B.
Solve:
Using the formula, we have
P=R x B
= 60% x 400 * change percent to decimal
= 0.60 x 400
= 240 the number of female professionals in the
International conference
Check: This is the one way to know if our answer is correct.
400% x 400 = 0.40 x 400
= 160 the number of male professionals
240 + 160 = 400 total number of Filipino professionals
Female Male
Therefore: our solution is correct.
15
Illustrative Example 2.
Ricky has saved P3, 250.00 in past 3 months. If the bike he wanted to
buy is worth P10, 000.00, what percent of the cost of the bike has he saved?

Understand:
a. What is asked
The percent of the bike’s amount that Ricky has saved. We are looking for
the rate?
b. What are the give facts?
He saved P3, 250.00, the bike is worth P10,000.00.

Plan:
Apply the concept of proportion to find the percent of the cost of the bike.

Solve:
Rate = Percentage
Base
100 x 3 250

n = 3 250 n : 100 = 3 250 : 10 000 * find the product of the means and
N x 10 000 extremes.
n x 10 000 = 100 x 3 250 * write the equation
100

10 000n = 100 x 3 250 * divide both sides by 10 000

10 000 10 000
N = 32.5
Answer: Ricky has saves 32.5% of the cost

Check :
This is one way to know if the solution is correct. Let us find
32.5% of 10 000.

10 000
X 0.325
3 250 this is the amount Ricky has saved.
 16
Illustrative Example 3.

Twenty-five percent of Marlo’s marble collections are red. If he has 84 red

marbles, how many marbles does he have in all?

Understand:

a. What is asked?

The total number of Marlo’s marbles.

b. What are the given facts?

Marlo has 84 red marbles, which is 25% of the total number of his
marbles.

Plan:

Apply operations on decimals to compute for the total number of marbles.

Solve:

Translate the sentence in mathematical symbols.

25% of what number is 84

25% x n = 84
25% x n = 84 0.25 x n = 84 * change percent to decimal then multiply
0.25n = 84 * write the equation
0.25n = 84 * divide both by 0.25
0.25 0.25

n = 336

Answer: Marlo has 336 marbles in all.

Check:
To check our answer, multiply the base by 25%.
25% x n = 84
25% x 336 = 84
0.25 x 336 = 84
Therefore, the answer is correct.
 17

Do this A painter can finish painting a house in 40 days. If he has been

painting for 34 days, what percent of the painting job has he not
completed yet?

Check your
answer below

Did you get the correct answers?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

If no, read and study again illustrative examples 1, 2 & 3 and answer
the questions below .

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 1

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations

 15% of the painting job he has not completed

 18

Do this!
Angel, a son of an overseas worker, spends time studying
his lessons and helping his mother do the household chores. As a
result, he gets 98% out of a 50-item test in Math. What is his
score?
Check your
answers below

Did you get the correct answers?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

If no, read and study again illustrative examples 1, 2 & 3 and answer
the questions below.

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 2

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations

 Angel’s score is 49
 19
Do this!
Malou, a daughter of a vendor, helps her mother by buying
school supplies which is cheap but durable. She buys her
notebook in store A at P6.00 which is 10% of the cost of notebook
in store B. How much is the notebook in store B? How much is the
notebook in store B?

Check your
answer below

Did you get the correct answers?

If yes, Congratulations, you can now proceed to the next activity .

If no, read and study again illustrative example 1,2 & 3 and answer the
questions below .

Write your answer on the attached activity sheet 3

What are your wrong answers? Why? What is the correct answer?

If all your answers are correct, you can now proceed to the next activity.

Congratulations
  P6.67 amount if the notebook in store B

20

Solve each problem.

1. In a certain barangay, there are 12 000 election volunteers. Due to the tedious
task given to some of them, 30% of them were not able to vote. How many of
the volunteers were not able to vote?

2. In Mrs. Sta. Rosa’s class, she was sad because 75% of her pupil failed in the
examination and only 10 of her pupils passed. How many pupils does she
have in class?

3. Marc Andre collects limited cards from a popular coffee shop. Twenty of his
cards were traded from his friends in other countries while the rest are from
the Philippines. If he has 80 cards in his album, what percent of his cards are
bought from the Philippines?

4. If Jared scored 75% on a 20 points test, how many points did he miss? How
many points would he earn if he scored 90%?

5. I have collected 10 canned goods. I am 50% complete with my final goal. How
many cans do I want to collect?
 21

Solve the following problems.

1. Stella is saving money for a ₱750.00 school bag. If she saved 25% of the
money she needed, how much money did she save?

2. Janna ran a race. She paused for water 25% of the way through the race.
She stopped to tie her shoe 40% of the way. Her friends were cheering her
90% of the way through the race. Draw a diagram to show where these
events took place.

3. A group of female senior citizens goes to park to join the Zumba dance class
for exercise. Sixteen percent exercise for 3 to 4 hours a week, 23% exercise
for 2 to 3 hours per week, 25% exercise for 1 to 2 hours per week, 36
exercise for 0 to 1 hour per week. What amount of time spent exercising has
the least percentage of female citizens?

4. In a survey, 18 teenagers prefer dancing than singing. If this represented 60%

of the respondents, how many respondents where there in all?

5. A businessman lost 35% of his capital in one operation, and lost 40% of the
remainder in a second operation. If he has ₱15, 600.00 left, how much did he
have at first?
22
 Assessment

Solve each word problem.

1. Back to school is coming and Laura is so excited to do her shopping. In her list is
a pair of school shoes. What made her more excited was that her dream pair of
shoes is on sale. From ₱4, 295.00, it is now sold with 20% discount. How much will
Laura save?

2. Electronic Buys sold 240 items last week. Of the items sold, 45% were kitchen
Appliances. How many kitchen appliances were sold?

3. Richard earns ₱32, 500.00 a year. He spends 16% of his salary on rent. How
much does Richard spend on rent a year?

4. Manuel, a son of a school janitor, does not ask for more. He has a daily
allowance of P10 a day which is 20% of his classmate’s daily allowance. How much
is his classmate’s daily allowance?

5. Carla, a grade six pupil has 24 sheets of art paper for his project in Math. If 6
sheets of art paper were used by Carla, what percent of the sheets of art paper did
she use?
23