2019 Sonbahar YÖKDİL Sosyal

2019 Sonbahar YÖKDİL Sosyal
1-20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 4. Although there is some disagreement
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. regarding ---- how to define transfer of learning,
it is clear that it involves seemingly simple
similarity relations.
1. In the US, the recent trend toward
accountability in education has increased the A) peculiarly
legal ---- for becoming and remaining certified as
a teacher. B) importantly
A) requirements C) precisely
B) incidents D) intentionally
C) facilities E) fiercely
D) attitudes
E) implications
2. Being an island, Britain has always had a fresh 5. Ancient explorers named the Canary Islands
---- of fish and seafood, both from the sea and Canaria from the Latin word canis because of
freshwater rivers. the large dogs ---- the islands.
A) prospect A) resisting
B) supply B) treating
C) opportunity C) inhabiting
D) reception D) replacing
E) appeal E) inheriting
3. Tour operators occupy a ---- role in tourism

industry, given their role as agents that design, 6. All species of plants and animals tend to
organise, package, market and operate vacation produce more offspring than the environment
and other tours. can support, and this ---- intense competition
A) significant for living space, resources, and mates.
B) dependent A) results in
C) vague B) sets out
D) current C) works out
E) descriptive D) puts off
E) takes on
1
7. The Amish ---- from a relatively small 10. The tension in Britain ---- modernism and
founding population, and each major settlement the bourgeois theatre that had surfaced before
---- largely genetically isolated from both other the First World War was not resolved ---- after
Amish settlements and the surrounding U.S. the Second.
populations for over 200 years.
A) between / until
A) originate / will remain
B) among / by
B) originated / has remained
C) from / over
C) had originated / remained
D) towards / with
D) were originating / remains
E) through / for
E) have originated / had remained
11. Venice's vibrant commerce, ---- its peak

8. A popular social networking site says if during the early to middle years of the
everything ---- as planned, they ---- a new Renaissance, brought traders from ---- the
privacy-protected messaging service by the end known world to the port city.
of 2020.
A) about / on
A) has gone / start
B) through / along
B) is going / will be starting
C) at / around
C) had gone / will start
D) in / beyond
D) went / are to start
E) with / off
E) goes / will have started
12. Anthropologists may have difficulty in

9. The biological basis ---- variations in human separating out the field from astronomy,
intelligence is not well-understood, but research geology or botany, ---- it is not so obvious how
in neuroscience, psychology, and other fields anthropology may be distinguished from the
has begun to yield insights ---- what may many other branches of science.
underpin such differences.
A) although
A) through / to
B) until
B) in / about
C) because
C) of / by
D) just as
D) for / into
E) in case
E) at / from
2
13. Philosophy occurs in all cultures and daily 16. In some groups the bonds among members
life, ---- only in Western philosophy is there a are strong and enduring due to harmony
distinct way of thinking that consists of achieved through close relationships, ---- in
hypotheses and generalizations about the other groups members are loosely linked and
natural and human worlds. lack a sense of 'groupness'.
A) since A) as if
B) so that B) whereas
C) provided that C) since
D) but D) just as
E) otherwise E) provided that
14. When a young child says 'mouses' instead of 17. The ancient Egyptians' fascination with
'mice,' this is good evidence that the child is science and new technology resulted in
learning the regular forms of the language and inventions ---- the calendar and door lock, which
knows how to make plurals ---- he or she has are still used today.
not yet learned the irregular forms.
A) in contrast with
A) once
B) in spite of
B) whether
C) such as
C) even if
D) regardless of
D) just as
E) in terms of
E) as if
15. Egyptians built irrigation canals to carry

18. Tokyo is one of the wealthiest, safest,
water and created a calendar that predicted the
cleanest, and most creative cities in the world ---
annual flooding of the Nile ---- they could
- being partly destroyed and rebuilt twice in the
maximize food production.
past hundred years.
A) in case
A) despite
B) so that
B) due to
C) even if
C) rather than
D) while
D) together with
E) as though
E) unlike
3
19. Although the composer Johann Strauss Jr. 20. In Costa Rica, responsibility for national
immortalized the Danube River in his famous parks is given to the Ministry of Natural
waltz entitled On the Beautiful Blue Danube, the Resources, Energy and Mines, ---- main goal is
Danube River is not blue – its waters appear ---- mineral exploitation, not conservation of
greenish ---- brown. resources.
A) no sooner / than A) how
B) the more / the more B) whose
C) as / as C) who
D) either / or D) which
E) so / that E) that
4
21-25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
A) in the hope of
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) on behalf of
C) for the sake of

Mali's largest ethnic group, the Bambara live
primarily in the western part of the country. They D) despite
have settled ---21--- the Niger River. They speak
Bamana, a language used throughout Mali, ---22- E) such as
-- in the areas of business and trade. The
Bambara are farmers who produce large
quantities of sorghum and groundnuts, and their
main crop is millet. Environmental hardship ---23-
-- drought often makes farming difficult. so
people may keep livestock to supplement their 24.
diet. Often they trust their neighbours, the Fulani
herdsmen to look after their domestic animals. A) focusing
This arrangement allows the Bambara ---24--- on B) to have focused
farming during the short rainy season from June
to September. Men help women with the C) focused
farming duties ---25--- women can leave the
D) to focus
fields earlier to prepare meals for their families.
E) having focused
21.
A) along
B) about
C) in
D) with
25.
E) from
A) in case
B) whether
C) so that
D) although
22.
E) once
A) decently
B) urgently
C) particularly
D) preventively
E) prematurely
5
26-30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
A) to have descended
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) to descend
C) having descended
South Africa is a large country with its fertile
agricultural land. It is rich ---26--- natural D) to be descending
resources - gold, diamonds, metallic ores and
coal. Industrially, it has for a long time been the E) descend
most developed country in the sub-Saharan
Africa. Its ethnically varied population, including
social groups such as Africans, Europeans, Asians
---27--- people of mixed Asian-African descent,
grew rapidly in the second half of the 20th
century from 13 to 43 million. In the late 19th
century, South Africa was a British colony. The
white Afirkaners, ---28--- from Dutch colonisers, 29.
broke away and declared their independence. --- A) Unless
29--- they finally defeated them in two wars, the
British allowed South Africa to run its own affairs B) If
as a self-governing Dominion in 1910. Numerous
C) Whether
segregation laws were passed, which reduced
'Natives' (Africans) to a poor underclass of D) After
labourers and servants. These laws, which
discriminated against the Africans, ---30--- them E) In case
to live in reserves, prevented them from owning
land outside the reserves and controlled their
movement inside the country.
26.
A) of 30.
B) in A) fixed
C) by B) forced
D) for C) inspired
E) at D) promised
E) improved
27.
A) owing to
B) in terms of
C) as well as
D) unlike
E) in spite of
6
31-41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33. ----, whereas anxiety is created from an
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. image of danger that is not present in that
actual moment.
A) Fear often triggers our defence mechanism in

31. ----, with advances made by cosmology in various ways
evaluating evidence from carefully observed
phenomena. B) Fear is explained by a general activation of our
sympathetic nervous system
A) The human understanding of the universe has
dramatically changed over time C) Fear is a powerful yet delicate emotion that
can cause physical paralysis
B) Cosmology touches at several points also of
concern to religion, ethics and philosophy D) Fear is defined as an emotional state triggered
by genuine danger that is in front of you
C) The word 'cosmology' is itself of fairly recent
origin, first used by philosopher Christian Wolff E) Fear is considered to be one of the most
primitive emotions of humankind
D) Cosmology is the study of the universe as a
whole, its structure, composition, history, and
future
E) Much of cosmological theory has no

immediate relevance to understanding the
environment of living organisms on earth
34. Because social historians believe in the

importance of groupings of people, ----.
32. ----, though there is no reliable figure to
determine the size of the population. A) their passions often centre on the activities
and beliefs of certain leaders
A) The origins of slavery were not precisely
understood until the end of the eighth century B) some other branches of history also focus on
individuals as causes of change
B) In Classical times, the possession of at least
one slave was regarded as a basic human right C) they present their findings in terms of single
events rather than social groups
C) Slaves in Athens are thought to have
outnumbered those in any other Greek D) they spend relatively little time on individual
community biography
D) Slavery was an integral part of the ancient E) they work to use familiar sources in new ways
Greek life for centuries as much as possible
E) In Greek history, slaves who had faithfully
served their masters earned their freedom
7
35. Although Gae Aulenti is considered Italy's 37. In hunter-gatherer societies, many social
most famous female architect, ----. arrangements, such as cross-group marriage, do
not eliminate serious conflicts, ----.
A) she experiments with relations among
materials, distances and measurements A) therefore they are respected by all societies
B) her well-deserved reputation is due to her B) but they channel them into the ways that
outstanding architectural designs for theatre and prevent killing
museums
C) while they may lead to more complex
C) she has had little influence on practice and situations
theory in the architecture schools
D) yet they may eventually cause the breakdown
D) her museum designs always take into account of both societies
viewing objects from different perspectives
E) since many people do not participate in such
E) her best-known project is the design of the arrangements
famous museum Musee d'Orsay
38. ----, some anthropologists believe that it

36. Even though the effects of climate change does not differ fundamentally from the simple
on some rivers will be limited, ----. systems of communication employed by other
animals.
A) water pollution harms a river's ecology by
killing off organisms A) Though a human being is a highly intelligent
creature
B) today's methods for controlling rivers are
remarkably different from those employed in the B) Although human language is regarded to be
past highly sophisticated
C) unique climatic and geographic conditions C) While 'human' is placed within a classification
determine a river's annual discharge regime of animals
D) rivers contain only a minuscule portion of the D) As chimpanzees are closest to humans in
total water on earth problem-solving
E) they will pose serious threats to most of the E) Because culture sets humanity radically apart
rivers in the world from animals
8
39. ----, new shipping routes are becoming 41. Hot yoga, which typically involves going
navigable. through 26 tough poses in a warm and humid
room, may just be a waste of effort, ----.
A) Though sailors have to learn to operate
vehicles in Arctic conditions A) leading improvements in the blood vessels of
the participants
B) Even if the Arctic is attracting new interest
from governments B) making people sweat intensely, which is seen
as a good sign of health
C) As the Arctic Circle warms and large masses of
ice melt C) offering little benefit compared to yoga at a
normal temperature
D) Although Britain has deployed its military
forces in the Arctic D) reducing the percentage of yoga groups' body
fat of 2 percent
E) If the Arctic becomes vulnerable to new
environmental threats E) creating a slight but still meaningful impact on
muscle strengthening
40. ----, the most important questions that

psychologists address have remained constant.
A) Even though psychology has changed

dramatically over its history
B) Given that there has been an increasing influx

of researchers into the field of psychology
C) Since the study of psychology spans many

different topics at many different levels of
explanation
D) As the earliest psychologists known are the

Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle
E) While the psychological disorder known as

depression affects millions of people worldwide
9
42-47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce 43. Ancient Greek philosopher Parmenides is

cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi said to have drawn up an excellent set of laws
bulunuz. for his city, but we know nothing of his political
philosophy.
A) Kendisinin siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir bilgi

42. Before the 16th century, there was a gradual bulunmamakla birlikte antik Yunan filozofu
increase in the world's population and economy Parmenides'in kendi şehri için mükemmel bir
although epidemics and famine caused kanunlar bütünü hazırlamış olduğu rivayet
temporary halts. edilmektedir.
A) Salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere B) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides'in kendi şehri
neden olsa da 16. yüzyıldan önce dünya nüfusu için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü hazırlamış
ve ekonomisi kademeli biçimde artıyordu. olduğu söylenmektedir, ancak biz onun siyasi
B) 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ve felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir şey bilmiyoruz.
ekonomisinde yaşanan kademeli artışa rağmen C) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides'in siyasi
salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere neden felsefesi hakkında hiçbir şey bilmiyoruz, ancak
oldu. kendi şehri için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü
C) 16. yüzyıl öncesindeki salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık hazırlamış olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
dünya nüfusu ve ekonomisindeki kademeli artışın D) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides'in kendi şehri
geçici olarak sekteye uğramasına neden oldu. için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü hazırladığı
D) Salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere söylenmesine rağmen biz onun siyasi felsefesi ile
neden olsa da 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ilgili bilgi sahibi değiliz.
ve ekonomisinde kademeli bir artış vardı. E) Siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir şey bilmememize
E) 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ve rağmen, antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides'in kendi
ekonomisindeki kademeli artışın sekteye şehri için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü
uğramasının nedeni, salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlıktı. hazırladığı söylenmektedir.
10
44. French chemist Antoine Lavoisier sought to 45. Being untouched and untamed, the
modernise chemistry by giving it new Norwegian Lofoten Islands, far above the Arctic
theoretical foundations, and though some of his Circle, are everything an adventurer could wish
ideas were misunderstood, on the whole he was for and more.
enormously successful.
A) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş hâliyle, Kuzey
A) Bazı fikirlerinin yanlış anlaşılmasına rağmen, Kutup Dairesi'nin oldukça yukarısında olan
Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı yeni Norveç Lofoten Adaları, bir maceraperestin
teorik temellere dayandırarak çağdaşlaştırmada isteyebileceği her şey ve daha fazlasıdır.
genelde çok başarılıydı.
B) Kuzey Kutup Dairesi'nin oldukça yukarısında
B) Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı olan Norveç Lofoten Adaları'nda bir
yeni teorik temellere dayandırıp maceraperestin el değmemiş va değiştirilmemiş
çağdaşlaştırmaya çalıştı ve genelde çok başarılı olarak isteyebileceği her şey fazlasıyla mevcuttur.
oldu ancak bazı fikirleri yanlış anlaşıldı.
C) Kuzey Kutup Dairesi'nin ötesini arzulayan bir
C) Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı maceraperestin isteyebileceği her şey ve fazlası,
yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak el değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş olarak Norveç
çağdaşlaştırmaya çalıştı ve bazı fikirlerinin yanlış Lofoten Adaları'nda bulunur.
anlaşılmasına rağmen genelde çok başarılı oldu.
D) Bir maceraperestin Norveç Lofoten
D) Kimyayı yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak Adaları'nda el değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş
çağdaşlaştırmanın yollarını arayan Fransız hâliyle bulunmasını isteyebileceği her şey ve daha
kimyager Antoine Lavoisier genelde çok başarılı fazlası Kuzey Kutup Dairesi'nin oldukça
oldu ancak bazı fikirleri yanlış anlaşıldı. ilerisindedir.
E) Kimyayı yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak E) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş şeyler peşinde

çağdaşlaştırması bazıları tarafından yanlış olan bir maceraperest, Kuzey Kutup Dairesi'nin
anlaşılsa da Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier'ın oldukça yukarısında bulunan Norveç Lofoten
fikirleri genelde çok başarılı oldu. Adaları'nda istediğini fazlasıyla bulur.
11
46. Most of the archaeological work done today 47. For years, self-publishing has given talented
is part of anthropology, which studies humans authors the means to share their works with
in all their biological and cultural aspects. audiences that would otherwise never read
them.
A) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
çoğu, antropolojinin bir parçası olarak insanları A) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli
tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler. yazarlara çalışmalarını başka türlü asla
okumayacak olan kitlelerle paylaşma aracı
B) Günümüzde yapılan arkeolojik çalışmaların
sağlamıştır.
çoğu, antropolojinin bir parçasıdır ve insanları
tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler. B) Yetenekli yazarlar yıllarca bireysel yayıncılığı
araç olarak kullanarak, çalışmalarını başka türlü
C) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
asla okumayacak olan okuyuculara
çoğu, insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle
ulaştırmışlardır.
inceleyen antropolojinin bir parçasıdır.
C) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yetenekli yazarların
D) Günümüzdeki arkeolojik çalışmaların çoğu,
yıllarca çalışmalarını başka türlü asla okumayacak
insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle
kitlelerle paylaşmak için kullandıkları bir yöntem
araştıran antropolojinin bir parçası olarak
olmuştur.
yürütülür.
D) Bireysel yayıncılık yaparak kitlelere ulaşan
E) Günümüzdeki arkeolojik çalışmaların çoğu,
yetenekli yazarlar bu yöntemi yıllarca kullanarak
antropolojinin bir parçası olduğu için insanları
eserlerini başka türlü okumayacak olan
tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler.
okuyuculara ulaştırmışlardır.
E) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli

yazarların normalde çalışmalarını asla
okumayacak kitlelere ulaşmasının aracı olmuştur.
12
48-53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Bir çalışmaya göre, deneyim ve zekânın
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. satranç becerileri ile bağlantılı olmasına karşın,
en yüksek korelasyonu çocukların bir günde
oyunu oynayarak geçirdikleri saat sayısı
48. Modern diş fırçasını Çinliler icat etmiştir vermiştir.
ancak Avrupa'ya hiç ulaşmadığından, yeniden A) According to a study, although experience and
icadı William Addis'e ithaf edilmektedir. intelligence were related to chess skills, the
A) The reason why the reinvention of the modern highest correlation was with the number of hours
toothbrush is credited to William Addis is that it a day children spent playing the game.
never reached Europe despite being invented by B) According to a study, despite the number of
the Chinese. hours a day children spent playing the game, the
B) The Chinese invented the modern toothbrush highest correlation with chess skills was
but as it never reached Europe, its reinvention is produced by experience and intelligence.
credited to William Addis. C) A study found that chess skills were somewhat
C) Had the modern toothbrush invented by the related to experience and intelligence, but a
Chinese reached Europe, its reinvention would stronger correlation was with the number of
not be credited to William Addis. hours a day children spent playing the game.
D) The reinvention of the modern toothbrush, D) A study found that even though the number of
which had been invented by the Chinese but hours a day children spent playing the game had
never reached Europe, is credited to William the highest correlation with chess skills,
Addis. experience and intelligence were also important.
E) Although the Chinese invented the modern E) It was found by a study that no matter how
toothbrush, it never reached Europe, which high a child's experience or intelligence were, the
makes William Addis be credited with its highest correlation with chess skills was with the
reinvention. number of hours a day children spent playing the
game.
13
50. Ultraviyole koruma sağlayan kıyafetler 51. Dünyanın her yerinden milyonlarca insan
giymek, ihtiyaç duyduğunuz güneş kremi ülkenin güzel manzarasını ve büyüleyici mirasını
miktarını %90'a kadar azaltabilir. görmeye geldiğinden, turizmin İngiltere'nin en
büyük endüstrilerinden biri olduğu söylenir.
A) Wearing clothes providing ultraviolet
protection can reduce the amount of sunscreen A) Britain is said to be visited by millions of
you need by up to 90 percent. people from around the world who want to see
its beautiful scenery and amazing heritage, thus
B) The amount of sunscreen you need can be
tourism is the biggest industry in the country.
reduced by up to 90 percent by wearing clothes
providing ultraviolet protection. B) Tourism is said to be the biggest industry in
Britain because millions of people from around
C) When you wear clothes that provide
the globe go to the country to see not only its
ultraviolet protection, you can reduce the
beautiful scenery but also its amazing heritage.
amount of sunscreen you need by up to 90
percent. C) It is said that one of Britain's biggest industries
is tourism since millions of people from around
D) You can use 90 percent less sunscreen if you
the world visit the country in the hope of seeing
wear clothes providing ultraviolet protection.
its beautiful scenery and amazing heritage.
E) By wearing clothes that provide ultraviolet
D) Tourism is said to be one of Britain's biggest
protection, you can reduce the amount of
industries, as millions of people from around the
sunscreen you need by up to 90 percent.
globe arrive to see the country's beautiful
scenery and amazing heritage.
E) Millions of people from around the world are

said to visit Britain for its beautiful scenery and
amazing heritage, which makes tourism one of
the biggest industries in the country.
14
52. Kırmızı, genellikle öfke ve saldırganlık ile 53. Tolstoy'a göre mutluluğu sosyal statü
ilişkilendirilen bir renk olsa da araştırmalar aracılığıyla aramak, kişiyi sürekli kaygıya ve
motivasyonunuzu artırmak için onu statü kaybı endişelerine açık hâle getirir.
kullanabileceğinizi göstermektedir.
A) Seeking happiness through social status,
A) Red, which is a colour often associated with according to Tolstoy, obviously leads one to
anger and aggression, can be used to boost your experience relentless anxiety as well as concerns
motivation as studies show. about losing status.
B) Red is a colour that is often associated with B) For Tolstoy, if one seeks happiness through
anger and aggression, although studies show that social status, it is clear he or she will end up
you can use it to boost your motivation. feeling constant anxiety and concerns about
losing status.
C) Although red is a colour that is often
associated with anger and aggression, studies C) According to Tolstoy, to pursue happiness
show that you can use it to boost your through social status opens one to constant
motivation. anxiety and concerns about losing status.
D) Despite being often associated with anger and D) Tolstoy believed that those who seek
aggression, red is a colour that you can use to happiness through social status experience
boost your motivation as studies show. persistent anxiety due to concerns about losing
status.
E) Even though red is a colour that is often
associated with anger and aggression, studies E) When happiness is sought through social
show that using it can boost your motivation. status, one becomes open to constant anxiety
and concerns about losing status, says Tolstoy.
15
54-59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 55. Hermann von Helmholtz is a name that is
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için not uttered frequently enough anymore. ---- He
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. invented and popularised the ophthalmoscope,
participated in describing non-Euclidean
geometry, and published across many
54. During the period from 1500 to 1800 disciplines, including physiology, psychology,
European cities not only grew markedly in size physics, and philosophy.
but came to exercise an unprecedented A) For one thing, he began his academic career in
influence over society in general. As a result, an army medical school.
some historians have considered this era the
true beginning of historical urbanisation. ---- The B) So, he decided at an early age to study Kant's
number of European cities with more than theories and he continued his career with this
10,000 people increased from 154 in 1500 to interest.
364 by 1800.
C) Over a hundred years after his death,
A) By 1800, London was rapidly approaching the researchers have tested some of his most
size of Imperial Rome. brilliant insights.
B) A few key factors combined to produce this D) However, this remarkable scientist, and
new phase of urbanisation. philosopher, contributed to modern science with
numerous concepts and inventions.
C) Urban influences affected many rural areas
both culturally and economically. E) Perhaps Helmholtz's most notable
achievement was his characterisation of the
D) The rise of a merchant capitalist economy human brain as a 'prediction machine'.
provided new levels of urban capital.
E) Clearly a notable growth of the urban

population took place at the time.
16
56. Ludwig van Beethoven is one of the most 57. Becoming popular in the 16th century with
important figures in Western music. ---- For both commoners and nobles, the violin has
example, he had hearing problems from a very remained a democratic instrument, universal
early age. While still a boy, he supported his and versatile. The development of the violin
family as a traveling performer. At the age of 17, was gradual and complex. ---- The influence of
he impressed Mozart in Vienna, Austria, and the two stringed rabab, which is an Arabian
moved there to study with Haydn. He amazed violin introduced to western Europe in the 11th
many people in high social circles with his piano century, and the three-stringed rebec, which
playing. The musical visions expressed in his appeared in Spain between the 11th and 13th
many works were often far ahead of their time. centuries, is also reflected in the modern violin.
A) He composed some of the most astonishing A) Maple and spruce trees have been the most
music ever written, but had a troubled life. favoured types of wood to make violins.
B) There is evidence that Beethoven lived in B) The city of Brescia was the earliest to excel in
more than 60 different places during his 35 years violin craft.
in Vienna.
C) It became more influential after being
C) During his early years, Beethoven was always incorporated into orchestras.
exploring new directions to transform music.
D) It evolved from a variety of other stringed
D) Among his most famous early works are two instruments.
piano sonatas: the Pathetique and Moonlight
E) Stringed instruments have a long history in folk
sonatas.
music.
E) His work marked the crossover between the
Classical and Romantic periods in the history of
music.
17
58. Advances in communication and information 59. History has come to mean many things. It is
technologies are changing the ways we interact an account of past events, in sequence of time;
with each other. For some, these changes have it is the study of events, their causes and
opened up new venues and opportunities. ---- outcomes; and it is all that is preserved or
For others, these same changes have been remembered about the past. For evidence,
associated with loss: the loss of traditions, or historians use written accounts and artefacts
jobs, or significant relationships. But whatever such as-weapons and tools. ---- Otherwise,
form these changes take, few realise the events, even important ones, might disappear
magnitude, intensity, and long term from memory.
implications of these transformations.
A) Oral history is a good source of local history.
A) While societies live under a multitude of
B) Religious records give details of marriages and
conditions, they are not immune to these
funerals.
changes.
C) Historians look for rational explanations for
B) Distant places are increasingly accessible, and
the events.
work and learning can occur from any location
that has an Internet connection. D) This is because people record things in some
way to remember them.
C) In some areas we are witnessing extremely
rapid societal transformation, and in other places E) History is written by those who play a major
only certain groups are affected. part in it.
D) Yet, there has been little attention focused on
the social side of globalisation.
E) Thus, we have been gradually losing our

critical thinking skills.
18
60-65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) Many Chinese children do not have
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü brothers or sisters. (II) This is owing to
bozan cümleyi bulunuz government policies trying to reduce the
population growth. (III) To control the rising
population, the government offers special
60. (I) Although people often use the terms benefits to couples with only one child. (IV) Many
frontier, boundary, and border interchangeably, people in China have been moving from the
historians have emphasised important country to cities, where there are relatively well-
distinctions between frontiers and boundaries. paid jobs to help them afford their children's
(II) Frontiers are above all zones of interaction. education. (V) Although this has slowed down
(III) While the term frontier can be traced back to the rate of growth, China's population still grows
medieval Spain, historians in the United States by millions each year.
have debated its role in US history for centuries. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
(IV) They can arise as a result of cross-cultural
encounters, population movements, and the
absence of state authority or an effective
monopoly of violence. (V) In contrast, borders
are established by states to separate their
subjects and territories from other political
jurisdictions.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
61. (I) There is controversy in current linguistics 63. (I) Alchemy was a form of chemistry studied
over the formal differences between Old English in the Middle Ages. (II) Traditionally, the central
and modern English. (II) The history of Old aim of practising alchemists was to discover how
English poetry is rather different from that of Old to turn base metals into gold. (III) Second to this
English prose, and also much more difficult to was a search for the elixir of life, which would
fully perceive. (III) The major reason for this is cure all sickness and enable immortality. (IV) The
that the vast majority of Old English poetry is to science of modem chemistry had its early
be found in only four manuscripts, all compiled in experimental roots in alchemy. (V) Medieval
the late 10th to early 11th century. (IV) These alchemists sought a philosopher's stone, which
manuscripts are: the Vercelli Book, the Exeter they believed would make both tasks possible.
Book, the Beowulf Manuscript and the Junius or A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Caedmon Manuscript. (V) There is very little
doubt that these manuscripts were, by and large,
compilations of poetry written at different times
during the Old English period.
19
64. (I) Delays, cancellations and overcrowding are

enough to put many people off from travelling by
train, but the price of a ticket can often be the
real prohibitive factor. (II) Sometimes, it might be
the easiest or only way to get from one place to
another. (III) Fortunately, it is possible to reduce
how much you pay with some tricks. (IV) Buying
at the ticket office just before you travel is
usually the most expensive option. (V) Instead,
you can go to an agent or look online to book an
advance ticket.
65. (I) In Roman agriculture, each field had to be

plowed between three and six times before it
would be completely ready. (II) Oxen, which
were used to pull plows, were quite expensive.
(III) After plowing, the farmer had to fertilize the
fields, which demanded that manure be mixed
into the soil, often by hand. (IV) Fertilization was
followed by the actual sowing of the seeds. (V)
Once the seeds were sown, the soil had to be
worked over with hoes and weeded by hand.
20
66-68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 67. Which of the following can be inferred from
cevaplayınız. the passage?
A) Copernicus wrote many books in his lifetime.
Copernicus, a Polish-born, Italian-educated B) Copernicus lived a long and healthy life.

churchman, took a big step toward the scientific
C) Galileo's findings were similar to Copernicus'.
revolution in 1543 when he published his
theories about how the Earth and planets move D) Galileo and Copernicus wrote a book together.
in relation to the Sun. Copernicus said that the
Sun, not the Earth, was the centre around which E) Galileo also had trouble with the Catholic
the universe revolved. Copernicus delayed Church.
releasing his findings, but at the urging of
supporters, he published his book The Revolution
of the Heavenly Spheres around 1543, the year of
his death. His Sun-centred universe, along with
the notion that the Earth spins on its axis, upset
some other astronomers and churchmen. To
claim that God would place his creation on a
spinning ball that revolved around another
heavenly body struck many people as ridiculous,
68. Which of the following is true about
as it was against the teachings of the Catholic
Copernicus according to the passage?
Church. The controversy only caught fire,
however, after 1610, when physicist and A) Copernicus' book was rewritten by Galileo
astronomer Galilee Galilei of Pisa published a centuries later.
book about his own astronomical observations,
B) Galileo worked hard to immediately lift the
which supported those of Copernicus. The
ban on Copernicus' book.
Catholic Church banned Copernicus' book, The
Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres, in 1616 and C) It was forbidden to read Copernicus' book for
did not lift the ban until 1835. a very long time.
D) Copernicus thought neither the Earth nor the

Sun was the centre of the universe.
66. One can understand from the passage that
Copernicus' book ----. E) Galileo's research was the main reason for the
ban on Copernicus' book.
A) was published following his death
B) was published immediately after it was written
C) reached a great number of readers
D) upset astronomers in particular
E) was a breakthrough in the world of science
21
69-71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 70. The underlined word in the passage
cevaplayınız. 'ransacked' is closest in meaning to ----.
A) admired
Srirangam Island, at the confluence of the Kaveri B) neglected

and Kollidam Rivers in south-eastern India's state
C) utilised
of Tamil, is home to a 2,000-year-old temple
complex, major parts of which are still in use D) damaged
today. However, much of the complex is hidden
or destroyed. Many older sections are buried E) altered
under sediment as a result of centuries of
flooding, and the complex was ransacked in the
14th century by general Ulugh Khan. Recent
excavations at the site, guided by geologists with
knowledge of flood sediment layers, have begun
to reveal what was presumed to have been lost.
Researchers including geologist Mu Ramkunar of
Periyar University have uncovered parts of the
temple destroyed by Ulugh Khan and unearthed
artefacts such as pendant lamps and statues of
the deity Gopalakrisnan with his consorts. Using 71. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
geophysical surveying techniques, they have also
A) the geophysical surveying techniques used
identified what they believe to be the tomb of
were not sophisticated enough to study the parts
religious scholar and teacher Sri Manavala
ruined by Ulugh Khan
Mamunigal, who restored the temple complex in
the 15th century. The tombs have been left B) geologists specialising in sediment layers
unexcavated for religious reasons. contributed a great deal to the rediscovery of the
buried sections
C) many artefacts unearthed from the tombs will

69. The temple on Srirangam Island mentioned
never be seen by the public as this is not
in the passage ----.
permitted for religious reasons
A) is still used today although most of its parts
D) Sri Manavala Mamunigal restored the temple
are buried or damaged
primarily to make it his burial place
B) was constructed in the 14th century by Ulugh
E) the researchers from Periyar University are
Khan after conquering the island
wrong about their assumptions that the temple
C) has been revealed to contain 2,000-year-old complex might have been restored previously
artefacts belonging to Ulugh Khan
D) has many older sections still in good condition

despite centuries of flooding
E) will not be reopened for religious reasons

when its reconstruction is complete
22
72-74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 73. According to the passage, when the reign of
cevaplayınız. Mary Tudor ended, ----.
A) the people of London were happy and hopeful
Mary Tudor had never enjoyed good health, and B) her half-sister ruled the country unwillingly
it got worse rapidly after she became queen.
C) the Londoners understood that she actually
Desperate to conceive an heir, she suffered the
had a miserable life
humiliation of two phantom pregnancies during
which she displayed all the symptoms of an D) Elizabeth ordered the churches to toll their
expectant mother although she was not pregnant bells
in reality. But her swollen stomach may have
been due to a cancerous tumour. Early in 1558, E) Roman Catholicism was immediately abolished
as Mary persisted in believing that she would
soon be delivered of an heir, it was obvious to
everyone else that she was dying. By 28 October,
wracked with pain, she finally acknowledged that
there would be no 'fruit of her body,' and
confirmed that the crown would pass to
Elizabeth. She begged her half-sister to uphold
the Roman Catholic faith, but the knowledge of
how unlikely Elizabeth was to honour this
74. What is the primary purpose of the author?
request tormented Mary until her last breath.
Upon hearing that Mary was dead and that A) To criticise Mary Tudor and her brutal reign
Elizabeth was now queen, there was great over London
rejoicing in London. All across the capital, church
B) To highlight the importance of being a
bells were rung and at night bonfires were lit,
charismatic leader
around which thousands of people gathered to
make merry. The brief, brutal reign of Mary C) To emphasise the need for quality medical
Tudor was over: now the nation's hopes rested care in medieval times
upon her beautiful and charismatic successor.
D) To describe events leading up to Elizabeth's
becoming queen
E) To acknowledge the accomplishments of

Elizabeth
72. It can be understood from the passage that
Mary Tudor ----.
A) was in good health before she became queen
B) had two babies who both died soon after birth
C) lied to her nation about her physical condition
D) never believed she would have a legitimate

heir
E) died in pain possibly due to a cancerous

tumour
23
75-77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 76. The underlined word in the passage
cevaplayınız. 'vigorous' is closest in meaning to ----.
A) skilful
Whenever photographer Gabriele Galimberti B) memorable

meets people on his travels, he asks the same
C) energetic
question: "Can I see what's in your medicine
cabinet?" Some are shy; others proud to do so. D) flexible
He asks this question to reveal who the people
are. "The medicines they use tell us about their E) optimistic
desires, their wants, their diseases. It's very
intimate," says Galimberti. What can our
medicines say about us? For one, how affluent
we are. Cabinets in developed countries tend to
overflow with pharmaceuticals. People in less
developed countries collect medications more
slowly. People take pills to be physically stronger
and thus more vigorous, to sleep more (or
sometimes less), to age more slowly, or for other
reasons. View the different cabinets' contents,
and cultures start to take shape. In Paris and New
York, Galimberti saw large numbers of
77. According to the passage, which of the
antidepressants and antianxiety pills. Indian
following is true about how cultures use
people tended to choose medicines with Indian
medicine?
labels, independent of quality or potency. African
cabinets had drugs from China, often unlabelled. A) Medicines are more frequently used to slow
Yet all the people photographed had something down aging in developed countries compared to
in common: None of them were sick. less developed ones.
B) Regardless of the nation they belong to,

people tend to stockpile medicines even if they
75. Why does Galimberti ask people to show
do not really need them.
him their medicine cabinets?
C) In some countries, due to poor living
A) To examine diseases common across different
standards, medicine cabinets do not show much
nations
about the culture.
B) To see whether people react positively or
D) Indian people tend to choose antidepressants
negatively to such questions
made in their own country although they are not
C) To help them improve their economic very effective.
conditions
E) African countries prefer medicines imported
D) To collect detailed personal information from from China because they do not have labels
a wide range of nations
E) To compare developed and less developed

countries regarding quality of health care
24
78-80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 79. Sceptics of the results produced in 2017 ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) wanted further genetic testing to be
conducted on the remains
A richly furnished grave excavated in 1878 near B) reviewed the evidence again with staff from
the Viking town of Birka in eastern Sweden had Uppsala University
long been assumed to hold a powerful male
C) doubted the rank of the warrior in the grave,
warrior. The grave was equipped with a range of
not the accuracy of the genetic analysis
weapons, as well as a set of gaming pieces and a
gaming board, which were seen as indications D) have been proven wrong by the new sex
that the warrior in the grave was a military determination
commander. A pair of horses was also found in
the grave, one bridled as if prepared to ride off E) created controversy by publicly opposing the
into battle once again in the afterlife. More than results
a century later, several researchers concluded -
and genetic analysis confirmed - that this Viking
warrior was actually female. When these results
were reported in 2017, sceptics wondered
whether there had been a testing mistake, or,
perhaps, whether the person in the grave had
been a warrior after all. A new review of the
evidence led by Neil Price of Uppsala University
concludes that the person in the grave was
80. Which of the following conclusions can be
indeed biologically female, and that there is no
reached based on the passage?
reason to doubt that she was a warrior in a
position of great authority. "Ever since its A) Despite overwhelming evidence to the
excavation, the burial has been interpreted as contrary, not all Viking warriors were female.
that of a high-status warrior," says Price. "We
B) Even if evidence is conclusive, some refuse to
think so, too, for exactly the same reasons as
believe Viking women were able to hold high
everyone else has always thought so, but in Iight
military positions.
of the new sex determination, she was a female
high-status warrior." C) Testing mistakes occur frequently in
archaeology, which means that all results should
be questioned.
D) Excavation of burial sites is a tricky process

78. According to the passage, the Viking grave and requires several different types of testing.
found in Sweden did NOT include ----.
E) Researchers at Uppsala University are more
A) a variety of weapons open-minded than those at other Swedish higher
education institutions.
B) items indicating military rank
C) life-size models of animals
D) items used for entertainment
E) horses prepared for battle
TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
25
2019 SONBAHAR YÖKDİL SOSYAL
1.A 21.A 41.C 61.A

2.B 22.C 42.D 62.D
3.A 23.E 43.B 63.D
4.C 24.D 44.C 64.B
5.C 25.C 45.A 65.B
6.A 26.B 46.C 66.E
7.B 27.C 47.A 67.C
8.E 28.C 48.B 68.C
9.D 29.D 49.A 69.A
10.A 30.B 50.A 70.D
11.C 31.A 51.D 71.B
12.C 32.C 52.C 72.E
13.D 33.D 53.C 73.A
14.C 34.D 54.E 74.D
15.B 35.C 55.D 75.D
16.B 36.E 56.A 76.C
17.C 37.B 57.D 77.B
18.A 38.B 58.B 78.C
19.D 39.C 59.D 79.D
20.B 40.A 60.C 80.B

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3. Tour operators occupy a ---- role in tourism

C) vague B) sets out

D) current C) works out

E) descriptive D) puts off

11. Venice's vibrant commerce, ---- its peak

12. Anthropologists may have difficulty in

C) provided that C) since

E) otherwise E) provided that

15. Egyptians built irrigation canals to carry

A) no sooner / than A) how

B) the more / the more B) whose

21-25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

C) for the sake of

26-30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

A) Fear often triggers our defence mechanism in

E) Much of cosmological theory has no

34. Because social historians believe in the

38. ----, some anthropologists believe that it

40. ----, the most important questions that

A) Even though psychology has changed

B) Given that there has been an increasing influx

C) Since the study of psychology spans many

D) As the earliest psychologists known are the

E) While the psychological disorder known as

42-47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce 43. Ancient Greek philosopher Parmenides is

A) Kendisinin siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir bilgi

E) Kimyayı yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak E) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş şeyler peşinde

E) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli

E) Millions of people from around the world are

E) Clearly a notable growth of the urban

E) Thus, we have been gradually losing our

64. (I) Delays, cancellations and overcrowding are

65. (I) In Roman agriculture, each field had to be

A) Copernicus wrote many books in his lifetime.

Copernicus, a Polish-born, Italian-educated B) Copernicus lived a long and healthy life.

D) Copernicus thought neither the Earth nor the

B) was published immediately after it was written

C) reached a great number of readers

D) upset astronomers in particular

E) was a breakthrough in the world of science

Srirangam Island, at the confluence of the Kaveri B) neglected

C) many artefacts unearthed from the tombs will

D) has many older sections still in good condition

E) will not be reopened for religious reasons

A) the people of London were happy and hopeful

E) To acknowledge the accomplishments of

A) was in good health before she became queen

B) had two babies who both died soon after birth

C) lied to her nation about her physical condition

D) never believed she would have a legitimate

E) died in pain possibly due to a cancerous

Whenever photographer Gabriele Galimberti B) memorable

B) Regardless of the nation they belong to,

E) To compare developed and less developed

D) Excavation of burial sites is a tricky process

C) life-size models of animals

D) items used for entertainment

E) horses prepared for battle

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.