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Control Systems Engineering 5 (1) - 2

The document discusses control systems and their design process. It notes that control systems must be stable to produce proper transient and steady-state responses. The design process involves 6 steps: 1) determining system requirements, 2) drawing a functional block diagram, 3) representing the system schematically, 4) obtaining a mathematical model, 5) reducing the block diagram, and 6) analyzing and designing the system to meet specifications including stability, transient response, and steady-state performance. The document concludes by asking review questions about control systems.

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49 views1 page

Control Systems Engineering 5 (1) - 2

The document discusses control systems and their design process. It notes that control systems must be stable to produce proper transient and steady-state responses. The design process involves 6 steps: 1) determining system requirements, 2) drawing a functional block diagram, 3) representing the system schematically, 4) obtaining a mathematical model, 5) reducing the block diagram, and 6) analyzing and designing the system to meet specifications including stability, transient response, and steady-state performance. The document concludes by asking review questions about control systems.

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22 Chapter 1 Introduction

A system must be stable in order to produce the proper transient and steady-state
response. Transient response is important because it affects the speed of the system and
influences human patience and comfort, not to mention mechanical stress. Steady-state
response determines the accuracy of the control system; it governs how closely the output
matches the desired response.
The design of a control system follows these steps:
Step 1 Determine a physical system and specifications from requirements.
Step 2 Draw a functional block diagram.
Step 3 Represent the physical system as a schematic.
Step 4 Use the schematic to obtain a mathematical model, such as a block diagram.
Step 5 Reduce the block diagram.
Step 6 Analyze and design the system to meet specified requirements and specifica-
tions that include stability, transient response, and steady-state performance.
In the next chapter we continue through the analysis and design sequence and learn how to
use the schematic to obtain a mathematical model.
Review Questions
1. Name three applications for feedback control systems.
2. Name three reasons for using feedback control systems and at least one reason for not
using them.
3. Give three examples of open-loop systems.
4. Functionally, how do closed-loop systems differ from open-loop systems?
5. State one condition under which the error signal of a feedback control system would
not be the difference between the input and the output.
6. If the error signal is not the difference between input and output, by what general name
can we describe the error signal?
7. Name two advantages of having a computer in the loop.
8. Name the three major design criteria for control systems.
9. Name the two parts of a system’s response.
10. Physically, what happens to a system that is unstable?
11. Instability is attributable to what part of the total response?
12. Describe a typical control system analysis task.
13. Describe a typical control system design task.
14. Adjustments of the forward path gain can cause changes in the transient response.
True or false?
15. Name three approaches to the mathematical modeling of control systems.
16. Briefly describe each of your answers to Question 15.
Problems
1. A variable resistor, called a potentiometer, is shown variable, the output variable, and (inside the block)
in Figure P1.1. The resistance is varied by moving a the gain, which is a constant and is the amount
wiper arm along a fixed resistance. The resistance by which the input is multiplied to obtain the output.
from A to C is fixed, but the resistance from B to C An animation PowerPoint presentation (PPT)
varies with the position of the wiper arm. If it takes 10 demonstrating this system is available for instructors
turns to move the wiper arm from A to C, draw a at www.wiley.com/college/nise. See Potentiometer.
block diagram of the potentiometer showing the input [Section 1.4: Introduction to a Case Study]

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