ASSIGMENT LABS

SUBJECT DATA STRUCTURE USING C++

PROGRAM MCA
SEMESTER 3 ( session 2020)
MAX MARKS 100
REFERNCE / 2556944
ENROLLMENT
NUMBER
STUDENT NAME PANKAJ KUMAR KOHLI

QUESTION 1: Program to store the temperature of two differnt cities for a

week and display it
solution:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

const int CITY = 2;

const int WEEK = 7;

int main()
{
int temperature[CITY][WEEK];

cout << "Enter all temperature for a week of first city and then second city. \n";

// Inserting the values into the temperature array

for (int i = 0; i < CITY; ++i)
{
for(int j = 0; j < WEEK; ++j)
{
cout << "City " << i + 1 << ", Day " << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> temperature[i][j];
}
}

cout << "\n\nDisplaying Values:\n";

// Accessing the values from the temperature array

for (int i = 0; i < CITY; ++i)
{
for(int j = 0; j < WEEK; ++j)
{
cout << "City " << i + 1 << ", Day " << j + 1 << " = " << temperature[i][j] << endl;
}
 }

return 0;
}

Output

Enter all temperature for a week of first city and then second city.
City 1, Day 1 : 32
City 1, Day 2 : 33
City 1, Day 3 : 32
City 1, Day 4 : 34
City 1, Day 5 : 35
City 1, Day 6 : 36
City 1, Day 7 : 38
City 2, Day 1 : 23
City 2, Day 2 : 24
City 2, Day 3 : 26
City 2, Day 4 : 22
City 2, Day 5 : 29
City 2, Day 6 : 27
City 2, Day 7 : 23

Displaying Values:
City 1, Day 1 = 32
City 1, Day 2 = 33
City 1, Day 3 = 32
City 1, Day 4 = 34
City 1, Day 5 = 35
City 1, Day 6 = 36
City 1, Day 7 = 38
City 2, Day 1 = 23
City 2, Day 2 = 24
City 2, Day 3 = 26
City 2, Day 4 = 22
City 2, Day 5 = 29
City 2, Day 6 = 27
City 2, Day 7 = 23

Question 2: Program to store value entered by user in three dimensional array

and display it
Solution :

// C++ Program to Store value entered by user in

// three dimensional array and display it.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
// This array can store upto 12 elements (2x3x2)
int test[2][3][2] = {
{
{1, 2},
 {3, 4},
{5, 6}
},
{
{7, 8},
{9, 10},
{11, 12}
}
};

// Displaying the values with proper index.

for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
for (int k = 0; k < 2; ++k) {
cout << "test[" << i << "][" << j << "][" << k << "] = " << test[i][j][k] << endl;
}
}
}

return 0;
}

Output

test[0][0][0] = 1
test[0][0][1] = 2
test[0][1][0] = 3
test[0][1][1] = 4
test[0][2][0] = 5
test[0][2][1] = 6
test[1][0][0] = 7
test[1][0][1] = 8
test[1][1][0] = 9
test[1][1][1] = 10
test[1][2][0] = 11
test[1][2][1] = 12

QUESTION 3 Program to swap first and last element of an integer 1-d array
SOLUTION :

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

int n, s,i;

cout<<"Enter Number of elements you want to enter : ";

cin>>n;

int ar[n];

cout<<"Enter the elements of the array "<<endl;

for( i = 0;i<n;i++)//loop to input elements from user

cin>>ar[i];

// Now swapping the first and last element of the array using swap metheod.

s = ar[0];

ar[0] = ar[n-1];

ar[n-1] = s;

cout<<"Array after swapping first and last elements "<<endl;

for(i = 0;i<n;i++) // loop to display the elements after swapping

cout<<ar[i]<<endl;

return 0;

Question 4 : Code to PUSH element in a stack using Array

Solution :
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

#define MAX 1000 //max size for stack

class Stack
{
int top;
public:
int myStack[MAX]; //stack array

Stack() { top = -1; }

bool push(int x);
int pop();
 bool isEmpty();
};
//pushes element on to the stack
bool Stack::push(int item)
{
if (top >= (MAX-1)) {
cout << "Stack Overflow!!!";
return false;
}
else {
myStack[++top] = item;
cout<<item<<endl;
return true;
}
}

//removes or pops elements out of the stack

int Stack::pop()
{
if (top < 0) {
cout << "Stack Underflow!!";
return 0;
}
else {
int item = myStack[top--];
return item;
}
}

//check if stack is empty

bool Stack::isEmpty()
{
return (top < 0);
}

// main program to demonstrate stack functions

int main()
{
class Stack stack;
cout<<"The Stack Push "<<endl;
stack.push(2);
stack.push(4);
stack.push(6);
cout<<"The Stack Pop : "<<endl;
while(!stack.isEmpty())
{
cout<<stack.pop()<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
Output:
The Stack Push

The Stack Pop:

Question 5: code to transverse the stack using array

Solution :

#include<iostream>
#define SIZE 5
namespace std {}
using namespace std;
class STACK
{
private:
int num[SIZE];
int top;
public:
STACK();
int push(int);
int pop();
int isEmpty();
int isFull();
void displayItems();
};
STACK::STACK()
{
top=-1;
}
int STACK::isEmpty()
{
if(top==-1)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
int STACK::isFull()
{
if(top==(SIZE-1))
return 1;
else
 return 0;
}
int STACK::push(int n)
{
if(isFull()){
return 0;
}
++top;
num [top]=n;
return n;
}
int STACK::pop()
{
int temp;
if(isEmpty())
return 0;
temp=num[top];
--top;
return temp;
}
void STACK::displayItems(){
int i;
cout<<"STACK is:";
for(i=(top);i>=0;i--)
cout<<num[i]<<"";
cout<<endl;
}
int main()
{
STACK stk;
int choice,n,temp;
do {
cout<<endl;
cout<<"0-Exit."<<endl;
cout<<"1-Push Item."<<endl;
cout<<"2-Pop Item."<<endl;
cout<<"3 - Display Items (Print STACK)."<<endl;

cout<<"Enter your choice: ";

cin>>choice;

switch(choice){
case 0: break;

case 1:
cout<<"Enter item to insert: ";
cin>>n;
temp=stk.push(n);
if(temp==0)
cout<<"STACK is FULL."<<endl;
else
cout<<temp<<" inserted."<<endl;
 break;

case 2:
temp=stk.pop();
if(temp==0)
cout<<"STACK IS EMPTY."<<endl;
else
cout<<temp<<" is removed (popped)."<<endl;
break;

case 3:
stk.displayItems();
break;

default:
cout<<"An Invalid choice."<<endl;
}
}while(choice!=0);

return 0;
}

Question 6: Code to displaying Nodes of linked list of Array

Solution :
include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Node {
int data;
struct Node *next;
};
struct Node* head = NULL;
void insert(int new_data) {
struct Node* new_node = (struct Node*) malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
new_node->data = new_data;
new_node->next = head;
head = new_node;
}
void display() {
struct Node* ptr;
ptr = head;
while (ptr != NULL) {
cout<< ptr->data <<" ";
ptr = ptr->next;
}
}
int main() {
insert(3);
insert(1);
insert(7);
insert(2);
insert(9);
cout<<"The linked list is: ";
 display();
return 0;

Output
The linked list is: 9 2 7 1 3

Question 7
Code to insert the node at particular position in a linked list
Solution:

include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// A linked list Node

struct Node {

int data;

struct Node* next;

};

// Size of linked list

int size = 0;

// function to create and return a Node

Node* getNode(int data)

{

// allocating space

Node* newNode = new Node();

// inserting the required data

newNode->data = data;

newNode->next = NULL;

return newNode;
}

// function to insert a Node at required position

void insertPos(Node** current, int pos, int data)
{

// This condition to check whether the

// position given is valid or not.

if (pos < 1 || pos > size + 1)

cout << "Invalid position!" << endl;

else {

// Keep looping until the pos is zero

while (pos--) {

if (pos == 0) {

// adding Node at required position

Node* temp = getNode(data);

// Making the new Node to point to

// the old Node at the same position

temp->next = *current;

// Changing the pointer of the Node previous

// to the old Node to point to the new Node

*current = temp;

else

// Assign double pointer variable to point to the

// pointer pointing to the address of next Node

 current = &(*current)->next;

size++;

}
}

// This function prints contents

// of the linked list

void printList(struct Node* head)

{

while (head != NULL) {

cout << " " << head->data;

head = head->next;

cout << endl;

}

// Driver Code

int main()
{

// Creating the list 3->5->8->10

Node* head = NULL;

head = getNode(3);

head->next = getNode(5);

head->next->next = getNode(8);

head->next->next->next = getNode(10);

size = 4;
 cout << "Linked list before insertion: ";

printList(head);

int data = 12, pos = 3;

insertPos(&head, pos, data);

cout << "Linked list after insertion of 12 at position 3: ";

printList(head);

// front of the linked list

data = 1, pos = 1;

insertPos(&head, pos, data);

cout << "Linked list after insertion of 1 at position 1: ";

printList(head);

// insetion at end of the linked list

data = 15, pos = 7;

insertPos(&head, pos, data);

cout << "Linked list after insertion of 15 at position 7: ";

printList(head);

return 0;
}

Question: 8
Code to delete the last node of linked list
Solution:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//node structure
struct Node {
 int data;
Node* next;
};

class LinkedList {
private:
Node* head;
public:
LinkedList(){
head = NULL;
}

//Add new element at the end of the list

void push_back(int newElement) {
Node* newNode = new Node();
newNode->data = newElement;
newNode->next = NULL;
if(head == NULL) {
//for first element in the list
head = newNode;
} else {
Node* temp = head;
while(temp->next != NULL)
temp = temp->next;
temp->next = newNode;
}
}

//Delete last node of the list

void pop_back() {
if(head != NULL) {
if(head->next == NULL) {
head = NULL;
} else {
Node* temp = head;
while(temp->next->next != NULL)
temp = temp->next;
Node* lastNode = temp->next;
temp->next = NULL;
free(lastNode);
}
}
}

//display the content of the list

void PrintList() {
Node* temp = head;
if(temp != NULL) {
cout<<"\nThe list contains: ";
while(temp != NULL) {
cout<<temp->data<<" ";
temp = temp->next;
 }
} else {
cout<<"\nThe list is empty.";
}
}
};

// test the code

int main() {
LinkedList MyList;

//Add four elements in the list.

MyList.push_back(10);
MyList.push_back(20);
MyList.push_back(30);
MyList.push_back(40);
MyList.PrintList();

//Delete the last node

MyList.pop_back();
MyList.PrintList();
return 0;
}

Output
The list contains: 10 20 30 40
The list contains: 10 20 30

Question 9
Program to calulate the factorial of given number using recursion in c
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
// declaring the function
int fact(int);

int main()
{
printf("\n\n\t\tStudytonight - Best place to learn\n\n\n");
int num, f;
printf("\n\nEnter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
f= fact(num);
printf("\n\nFactorial of %d is %d\n\n", num, f);
printf("\n\n\t\t\tCoding is Fun !\n\n\n");
return 0;
}

int fact(int aj)

{
if(aj==1 || aj==0)
return 1;
else
 return (aj*fact(aj-1));
}
Output:
enter number :5
factorial of 5 is 120
coding is fun !

Question 10: Program to implement Tower Of Hanoi problem

Solution:

The Tower of Hanoi is a mathematical puzzle invented by the French mathematician Edouard Lucas
in 1883.

There are three pegs, source(A), Auxiliary (B) and Destination(C). Peg A contains a set of disks
stacked to resemble a tower, with the largest disk at the bottom and the smallest disk at the top.
Illustrate the initial configuration of the pegs for 3 disks. The objective is to transfer the entire tower
of disks in peg A to peg C maintaining the same order of the disks.

Obeying the following rules:

1.Only one disk can be transfer at a time.

2.Each move consists of taking the upper disk from one of the peg and placing it on the top of
another peg i.e. a disk can only be moved if it is the uppermost disk of the peg.

3.Never a larger disk is placed on a smaller disk during the transfer

Algorithm:

TOH( n, Sour, Aux , Des)

If(n=1)
Write ("Move Disk “, n ," from ", Sour ," to ",Des)
Else
TOH(n-1,Sour,Des,Aux);
Write ("Move Disk “, n ," from ", Sour ," to ",Des)
TOH(n-1,Aux,Sour,Des);
END

Program:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//tower of HANOI function implementation

void TOH(int n,char Sour, char Aux,char Des)
{
if(n==1)
{
cout<<"Move Disk "<<n<<" from "<<Sour<<" to "<<Des<<endl;
return;
}
 TOH(n-1,Sour,Des,Aux);
cout<<"Move Disk "<<n<<" from "<<Sour<<" to "<<Des<<endl;
TOH(n-1,Aux,Sour,Des);
}

//main program
int main()
{
int n;

cout<<"Enter no. of disks:";

cin>>n;
//calling the TOH
TOH(n,'A','B','C');

return 0;
}

Output

Enter no. of disks:3

Move Disk 1 from A to C
Move Disk 2 from A to B
Move Disk 1 from C to B
Move Disk 3 from A to C
Move Disk 1 from B to A
Move Disk 2 from B to C
Move Disk 1 from A