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ANTY 1401 - Week 1 - : Answers

This document provides answers to practice questions about anatomy and physiology. It begins by listing the levels of organization from simplest to most complex as: chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism. It then matches organ systems to their major functions and lists the three components of homeostasis. The remaining questions cover topics like anatomical position, body cavities, anatomical structures and directional terms, body planes, and using this terminology to locate injuries on diagrams of the human body.

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Carina Latto
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108 views3 pages

ANTY 1401 - Week 1 - : Answers

This document provides answers to practice questions about anatomy and physiology. It begins by listing the levels of organization from simplest to most complex as: chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism. It then matches organ systems to their major functions and lists the three components of homeostasis. The remaining questions cover topics like anatomical position, body cavities, anatomical structures and directional terms, body planes, and using this terminology to locate injuries on diagrams of the human body.

Uploaded by

Carina Latto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANTY 1401 – Week 1 - ANSWERS

PRACTICE 1 – Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology


1) Reorder the levels of organization listed below into the correct sequence, from the simplest to the most
complex:
 Organ 4
 Tissue 3
 Chemical 1
 Organism 6
 Cell 2
 Organ system 5

2) Match the organ system to its major functions.


1. Integumentary c a) Allows body movement, supports body parts, maintains posture
2. Skeletal g b) Transports nutrients, O2, CO2, waste and hormones through body
3. Muscular a c) Serves as protective barrier between internal and external environments
4. Nervous e d) Obtains nutrients from food to be absorbed by the body, eliminates waste
5. Endocrine i e) Body’s control centre, also responsible for higher functions ie. thought
6. Cardiovascular b f) Obtains O2 from and eliminates CO2 to external environment
7. Lymphatic (Immune) j g) Body’s support framework, protects underlying organs
8. Respiratory f h) Removes wastes, regulates water/salt balance and pH
9. Digestive d i) Secretes hormones which help control metabolic activities
10. Urinary h j) Transports fluid from tissue spaces, plays role in body’s defense system

3) State the three components of the homeostasis cycle.


 receptor
 control center
 effector

4) Brrrr, it’s cold outside! Provide examples of the three components of the homeostasis cycle your body uses
to initiate the shiver response.
 Receptor – temperature receptors sense it is cold
 Control center – temperature control center receives information and sends commands
 Effectors – smooth muscle in walls of blood vessels respond, skeletal muscles begin to shiver

5) Write each of the following terms on the left, under the most appropriate heading in the chart:
Right atrium Anatomy Physiology Pathophysiology
Heart attack Right atrium Valve to aorta opens Heart attack
Valve to aorta opens Left ventricle Heartbeat Atherosclerosis
Left ventricle Superior vena cava Pressure in the aorta Cardiac tamponade
Heartbeat
Pericardial sac Electrocardiogram Aortic aneurysm
Atherosclerosis
Superior vena cava
Pressure in the aorta
Cardiac tamponade
Electrocardiogram
Aortic aneurysm
Pericardial sac

6) Describe anatomical position. From whose viewpoint do we determine anatomical position?


Unit 1 – Body Basics (Part 1) Page 1 of 3
Standing, arms to the side, palms facing forward and the feet together. Anatomical position is always from
the patients point of view. This is important for when describe “left” and “right” sides. When lying down in
anatomical position, supine is face up, prone is face down.

7) Name four body cavities.


 Thoracic
 Abdominopelvic
 Cranial cavity
 Spinal cavity

8) Fill in the table below with the appropriate terms. You may use any anatomical structure of the human
body to fill in the table.
Name of a structure Directional term Name of second structure
Forearm is proximal to hand
Head is superior to
is inferior to tibia
Sternum (breastbone) is anterior to
is distal to knee
Brain is medial to
is lateral to trunk
Shoulder is proximal to

9) Label the planes of the body…

Frontal/Coronal Plane
Midsagittal plane

Transverse Plane

…and describe the planes in your own words on the chart.


Plane Description
Transverse/Horizontal plane Separates superior and inferior
Sagittal plane Separates right and left
Coronal/Frontal plane Separates anterior and posterior

10) Which is more cephalic: your collarbone or ear? ______ear____________________


Unit 1 – Body Basics (Part 1) Page 2 of 3
11) Which is more inferior: your knee or ankle? _______ankle_____________________

12) Which is more distal: your elbow or wrist? _______wrist______________________

13) Which is dorsal: your belly button or shoulder blade? ______shoulder blade_______________

14) A patient is having pain in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. From your knowledge of structural
anatomy, what underlying structures could be the source of the problem? ________liver, gall bladder,
duodenum, pancreas, distal stomach, small or large intestines__________________________________

15) A patient is complaining of discomfort in her lumbar area. Where is she having pain?___back______

Case Study

It is 2230h and you are called to a local school yard for someone who has been assaulted. The police on
scene direct you behind the school where you see a 20 year old male in the semi Fowler position against
the wall. The patient is conscious alert and in pain. After completing your primary assessment and
determining the patient has no immediate life threats, you notice that he is bleeding, and has multiple cuts
and bruises to his body. Your secondary assessment reveals vital signs within the normal limits, and the
following injuries:
1. A deep laceration to the medial aspect of the right forearm
2. A superficial laceration to the right anterior chest extending from the midclavicular line to the
anterior axillary line at the nipple level.
3. A contusion to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen
4. A contusion to the lateral aspect of the left midshaft femur (thigh)
5. Abrasions to the left lateral aspect of the face
6. Contusion to the patient’s forehead superior to his right eye
7. Contusion to back, inferior to left scapula
8. Contusion to the left lumbar area lateral to the spine (flank).
You treat the patient’s wounds and place him in a left lateral position on your stretcher for transport.

Using your knowledge of anatomic and directional terms, locate on the images all of the patient’s injuries.

Unit 1 – Body Basics (Part 1) Page 3 of 3

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