Technical Note

Structural Concrete Software System

TN191_PT7_punching_shear_aci_4
011505

PUNCHING SHEAR CALCULATIONS1

ACI – 318; ADAPT-PT

1. OVERVIEW

Punching shear calculation applies to column-supported slabs, classified as two-way structural

systems.

This writing (i) defines the different conditions for punching shear calculation, (ii) presents the
relationships used for code check of each condition using ACI-318, (iii) presents a numerical
example for each condition, and (iv) demonstrates that the program ADAPT-PT correctly
recognizes each case, and accordingly. This writing also serves as a guideline for verification
of punching shear calculations reported by ADAPT-PT.

Depending on the location of a column with respect to the slab edges, four conditions are
identified. These are:

x Interior column, where the distance from each face of a column to the slab edge is at
least four times the slab thickness (columns 4 and 5 in Fig. 1-1);
x Edge column, where one face of a column in direction of design strip is closer to the
slab edge in the same direction by four times the slab thickness (column 2 in Fig. 1-1);
x Corner column, where two adjacent faces of a column are closer to their associated
slab edges by less than four times the slab thickness (column 1 in Fig. 1-1);
x End column, where a column face is closer to a slab edge normal to the design strip by
less than four times the slab thickness (Column 6 in Fig. 1-1)

Columns at re-entrant corners, such as column 3 in Fig. 1-1 are conservatively treated as
edge columns. Punching shear relationships of the code do not apply to columns that are
connected to one or more beams, nor do they apply to walls/supports. Adequacy of shear
transfer in such cases has to be established differently.

The calculations are presented by way of a numerical example. The geometry, material,
loading and other particulars of the structure selected for the numerical example are given
below and in Fig.1-1.

Thickness of slab = 9 in (229 mm)

1
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 Technical Note

FIGURE 1-1

(i) Material Properties

o Concrete:
Compressive strength, f’c = 4000 psi (27.58 MPa)
Weight = 150 pcf (2403 kg/m3)
Modulus of Elasticity = 3605 ksi (24856 MPa)

o Prestressing:
Low Relaxation, Unbonded System
Strand Diameter = ½ in (13 mm)
Strand Area = 0.153 in2 (98 mm2 )
Modulus of Elasticity = 28000 ksi (193054 MPa)
Ultimate strength of strand, fpu = 270 ksi (1862MPa)
Minimum strand cover
From top fiber = 1 in all spans (25 mm)

From bottom fiber

Interior spans = 1 in (25 mm)
Exterior spans = 1 in (25 mm)

o Nonprestressed Reinforcement:

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 Technical Note

Yield stress fy = 60 ksi (413.69 MPa)

Modulus of Elasticity = 29000 ksi (199,949 MPa)
Minimum Rebar Cover = 0.75 in Top and Bottom (19 mm)

(ii) Loading
Dead load = self weight + 20 psf (superimposed)
Live load = 40 psf (1.92 kN/m2)

1.1. Relationships

The calculations are intended to determine whether or not a given slab-column connection
meets the minimum safety requirements of the code against failure. It is not the intent of the
calculations to find the “actual” condition of stress distribution at the column-slab location. The
relationships used are empirical. Using test results, the relationships are calibrated to deliver
safe designs.

The calculation steps are:

x Determine the factored column moment (design moment Mu) and the factored shear
(design shear Vu). In many instances, column reaction is conservatively used as
design value for punching shear.
x Consider a fraction of the unbalanced moment ( J Mu ) to contribute to the punching
shear demand. The unbalanced moment is conservatively taken as the sum of upper
and column moments at a joint.
x Using the code relationships, select an assumed (critical) failure surface and calculate
a hypothetical maximum punching shear stress for the assumed surface.
x Using the geometry of the column-slab location and its material properties, calculate
an “allowable” punching shear stress.
x If the maximum punching shear stress calculated does not exceed the allowable value,
the section is considered safe.
x If the hypothetical maximum punching shear stress exceeds the allowable value by a
moderate amount, punching shear reinforcement may be provided to bring the
connection within the safety requirements of the code. The design of punching shear
reinforcement is not covered in this writing.
x If the hypothetical maximum punching shear reinforcement exceeds the allowable
values by a large margin, the section has to be enlarged.

The basic relationship is as follows:

Vu J u Muu c
vu  (1-1)
Ac Jc
Where,
Vu = absolute value of the direct shear;
Mu = Unbalanced column moment;
Ac = area of concrete of assumed critical section;
Ȗv = fraction of the moment transferred by shear;

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 Technical Note

c = distance from centroidal axis of critical section to the perimeter of the critical
section in the direction of analysis; and
Jc = a geometry property of critical section, analogues to polar moment of inertia
of segments forming area Ac.

The first critical shear failure plane is assumed at a distance d/2 from the face of
support. Where “d” is the effective depth of the section.

Expressions for Ac, Jc, and Ȗv for all types of columns are given below.

(i) Interior Column ( Fig. 1.1-1)

FIGURE 1.1-1

Ac = 2d(c1 + c2 + 2d)
Jc = (c1 + d) *d3/6 + (c1 + d) 3*d/6 + d * (c2 + d) * (c1+ d) 2 /2
J V = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d)) ½]}

Where c1 and c2 are the column dimensions with c1 perpendicular to the axis of
moment, and d is the effective depth.

(ii) End Column (Refer Fig. 1.1-2)

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 Technical Note

FIGURE 1.1-2 FOR A DESIGN STRIP IN LEFT-RIGHT DIRECTION

Ac = d (2c1 + c2 + 2d)
cAB = (c1 + d/2 ) 2 / (2c1 + c2 + 2d )
cCD = (c1 + d/2 ) - cAB
Jc = (c1 + d/2) *d3/6 + 2d * (cAB3 + cCD3) / 3 + d * (c2 + d) cAB2
JV = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d/2) / (c2 +d)) ½]}

Where c1 and c2 are the column dimensions with c1 parallel to the axis of moment, and
d is the effective depth.

(iii) Edge Column (Refer Fig. 1.1-3)

FIGURE 1.1-3 FOR A DESIGN STRIP IN LEFT-RIGHT DIRECTION

Ac = d (2c2 + c1 + 2d)
Jc = (c1 + d) 3 * d /12 + (c1 + d) *d3/12 + d * (c2 + d/2) * (c1+ d) 2 /2
J V = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d/2)) ½]}

Where c1 and c2 are the column dimensions with c1 perpendicular to the axis of
moment and d is the effective depth.

Column at the re-entrant corner as shown in Fig.1.1- 4 is treated as Edge-column.

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 Technical Note

FIGURE 1.1-4

(iv) Corner Column (Refer Fig. 1.1-5)

FIGURE 1.1- 5

Ac = d (c1 + c2 + d)
cAB = (c1 + d/2 ) 2 / 2 * (c1 + c2 + d )
cCD = (c1 + d/2 ) - cAB
Jc = (c1 + d/2) *d3/12 + d * (cAB3 + cCD3) / 3 + d * (c2 + d/2) cAB2
JV = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c2 +d/2) / (c1 +d/2)) ½]}

Where c1 and c2 are the column dimensions with c1 parallel to the axis of moment and
d is the effective depth.
For corner columns (Fig. 1.1-6) the column reaction does not act at the centroid of the
critical section. The governing moment for the analysis of the design section is:
Mue = Mu – Vu* e

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 Technical Note

FIGURE 1.1- 6

(v) Support with Drop Cap (Refer Fig. 1.1-7)

For supports provided with drop caps, or drop panels , a minimum of two punching
shear checks are necessary. The first check is at distance “d1/2” from the face of the
column, where d1 is the effective depth of the thickened section (drop cap or drop
panel). The second check is at a distance d2/2 from the face of drop cap/panel, where
d2 is the slab thickness.

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 Technical Note

FIGURE 1.1-7

1.2. Punching Shear Stress Calculations

In order to keep the focus on punching shear stress calculation, the work starts by assuming
that the design values (Mu and Vu) for each column-slab condition are given. In the general
case, these are calculated from the analysis of a design strip, using the Equivalent Frame
Method, or Finite Elements. The values used in this writing are obtained from an ADAPT-PT
computer run. The hand calculations of the stresses are compared with the computer output
for verification. Excellent agreement is obtained.

A. Support #1 – corner column (Refer Fig. 1.1- 5)

Actions at the joint are:

Vu= 44.95 kips (199.95 kN) (B 10.3, ADAPT PT)2

2
The values in the parenthesis refer to the location in the program ADAPT-PT, where the information is given. For
example B10.3 refers to data Block 10.3.

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 Technical Note

Mu= 111.67 kip-ft (151.40 kN-m)

i. Section Properties for Shear Stress Computations

Column width, c1 = 24 in (610 mm)

Column depth, c2 = 24 in (610 mm)
Slab depth, h = 9 in (229 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d = 9- 0.75- 0.625 =7.625 in (194 mm)

Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d value in this case is measured from the bottom of the slab to the
bottom of the top layer of rebar.

For corner columns (Fig. 1.2-2) the column reaction does not act at the centroid
of the critical section. The governing moment for the analysis of the design
section is:
Mue = Mu – Vu* e

Where “e” is the eccentricity between the centroid of the column and that of the
critical section being considered.

c1+ d/2 = 24 + (7.625/2) = 27.813 in (706 mm)

c2 + d/2 = 24 + (7.625/2) = 27.813 in (706 mm)
Ac = d (c1 + c2 + d) = 7.625 * (24+ 24+ 7.625)
= 424.14 in2 (2.736e+5 mm2)
cAB = (c1 + d/2 ) 2 / 2 * (c1 + c2 + d )
= 27.8132 / (2* (24+ 24+ 7.625))
= 6.953 in (177 mm)
cCD = (c1 + d/2 ) - cAB
= 27.813 - 6.953 = 20.860 in (530 mm)

Jc = (c1 + d/2)*d3/12+d*(cAB3 + cCD3)/3 +d* (c2 + d/2) cAB2

= 27.813* 7.625 3/12+ 7.625 *(6.953 3 + 20.8603)/3
+ 7.625 *27.813* 6.953 2
= 35,205 in4 (1.465e+10 mm4)

J V = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c2 +d/2) / (c1 +d/2)) ½]}

= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (27.813 / 27.813) ½]}
= 0.40

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 44.95 * 1000/ 424 14

= 105.98 psi (0.73 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 105.99 psi, B12, C5)

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 Technical Note

iii. Stress Due To Bending

For the first support, if the column moment is clockwise, the moment due to
shear must be deducted from the column moment.

Eccentricity, e = (c1+ d/2) - cAB - c1/2 =27.813 – 6.953 – 12

= 8.860 in (225 mm)
Mue = 111.67 - 44.95 * 8.860 /12
= 78.48 kip-ft (106.40 kN-m)
M stress = (J V * Mue * cAB)/ Jc
= (0.40 * 78.48 * 12000 * 6.953)/ 35,205
= 74.40 psi (0.51 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 74.41 psi, B12, C6)

iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 105.98 + 74.40
= 180. 38 psi (1.24 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 180.40 psi, B12, C7)

v. Allowable Stress

Column cross section is closer to a discontinuous edge than 4 times the slab
thickness. Therefore, according to ACI-318-02 section 11.12.2.2, allowable stress
shall be computed according to section 11.12.2.1.

?Allowable stress is the least of

x I vc = I *( 2 + 4/Ec )* — f ‘c
I = 0.75
Ec = long side of column/ short side of column
= 24/24 =1
? I vc = 0.75 *( 2 + 4/1 )* — 4000
= 284.60 psi (1.96 MPa)

x I vc = I *(( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 2 )* — f ‘c
Įs = 20 for corner columns
d = 7.625 in (194 mm)
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 2 * 27.813 = 55.626 in (1413 mm)
I vc = 0.75 *(( 20 * 7.625/ 55.626 )+ 2 )* — 4000
= 224.91 psi (1.55 MPa)

x I vc = I *4* — f ‘c
= 0.75 * 4 * — 4000
= 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa) ----------------- Controls

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 Technical Note

?Allowable Stress = 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 189.74 psi, B12, C8)

vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 180. 38 / 189.74
= 0.95 < 1 OK
(ADAPT-PT 0.95, B12, C9)

B. Support #2 – edge column (Refer Fig. 1.1-3)

Actions at the joint are:

Vu= 99.66 kips (443.31 kN) (B10.3, ADAPT PT)
Mu= 35.46 kip-ft (48.08 kN-m)

i. Section Properties For Shear Stress Computations

Column width, c1 = 24 in (610 mm)

Column depth, c2 = 24 in (610 mm)
Slab depth, h = 9 in (229 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d = 9- 0.75- 0.625 =7.625 in (194 mm)

Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d value in this case is measured from the bottom of the slab to the
bottom of the top layer of rebar.

c1+ d = 24 + 7.625 = 3 1.625 in (803 mm)

c2 +d/2 = 24 + 7.625/2 = 27.813 in (706 mm)
Ac = d (2c2 + c1 + 2d) = 7.625 * (2*24+ 24+ 2*7.625)
= 665.28 in2 (4.292e+5 mm2)
Jc = (c1+d) 3 *d /12 + (c1 + d)*d3/12+d*(c2+d/2)*(c1+ d) 2/2
= 31.625 3 *7.625 /12 + 31.625 *7.625 3/12 +7.625
2
*27.813 *31.625 /2
= 127,318 in4 (5.299e+10 mm4)
J V = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d/2)) ½]}
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (31.625 / 27.813) ½]}
= 0.416

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 99.66 * 1000/ 665.28

= 149.80 psi (1.03 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 149.81 psi, B12, C5)

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 Technical Note

iii. Stress Due To Bending

M stress = (J V * Mu * (c1+ d))/2* Jc

= (0.416 * 35.46 * 12000 * 31.625)/ 2*127,318
= 21.98 psi (0.15 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 21.96 psi, B12, C6)

iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 149.80 + 21.98
= 171.78 psi (1.18 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 171.77 psi, B12, C7)

v. Allowable Stress

Column cross section is closer to a discontinuous edge than 4 times the slab
thickness. Therefore, according to ACI-318-02 section 11.12.2.2, allowable stress
shall be computed according to section 11.12.2.1.

?Allowable stress is the least of

x I vc = I *( 2 + 4/Ec )* — f ‘c
I = 0.75
Ec = long side of column/ short side of column
= 24/24 =1
? I vc = 0.75 *( 2 + 4/1 )* — 4000
= 284.60 psi (1.96 MPa)

x I vc = I *(( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 2 )* — f ‘c
Įs = 30 for edge column
d = 7.625 in (194 mm)
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 2 * 27.813 +31.625 = 87.251 in (2216 mm)
I vc = 0.75 *(( 30 * 7.625/ 87.251 )+ 2 )* — 4000
= 219.23 psi (1.51 MPa)

x I vc = I *4* — f ‘c
= 0.75 * 4 * — 4000
= 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa) ----------------- Controls

?Allowable Stress = 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 189.74 psi, B12, C8)
vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 171.78 / 189.74

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 Technical Note

= 0.91 < 1 OK
(ADAPT-PT 0.91, B12, C9)

C. Support # 3 – edge column (Refer Fig. 1.1-4)

Actions at the joint are:

Vu = 155.11 kips (689.96 kN) (B10.3, ADAPT PT)
Mu = 172.45 kip-ft (233.81 kN-m)

i. Section Properties For Shear Stress Computations

Column width, c1 = 28 in (711 mm)

Column depth, c2 = 28 in (711 mm)
Slab depth, h = 9 in (229 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d = 9- 0.75- 0.625 =7.625 in (194 mm)

Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d value in this case is measured from the bottom of the slab to the
bottom of the top layer of rebar.

c1+ d = 28 + 7.625 = 35.625 in (905 mm)

c2 +d/2 = 28 + 7.625/2 = 31.813 in (808 mm)
Ac = d (2c2 + c1 + 2d)= 7.625 * (2*28+ 28+ 2*7.625)
= 756.78 in2 (4.882e+5 mm2)
Jc = (c1+d) *d /12 + (c1 + d)*d /12+d*(c2+d/2)*(c1+ d) 2/2
3 3

= 35.625 3 *7.625 /12 + 35.625 *7.625 3/12 +7.625

*31.813 *35.625 2/2
= 183,976 in4 (7.658e+10 mm4)
JV ½
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d/2)) ]}
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (35.625 / 31.813) ½]}
= 0.414

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 155.11 * 1000/ 756.78

= 204.96 psi (1.41 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 204.96 psi, B12, C5)

iii. Stress Due To Bending

M stress = (J V * Mu * (c1+ d ))/2* Jc

= (0.414 * 172.45 * 12000 * 35.625)/ 2*183,976
= 82.95 psi (0.57 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 82.88 psi, B12, C6)

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 Technical Note

iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 204.96 + 82.95
= 287.91 psi (1.99 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 287.85 psi, B12, C7)
v. Allowable Stress

Column cross section is closer to a discontinuous edge than 4 times the slab
thickness. Therefore, according to ACI-318-02 section 11.12.2.2, allowable stress
shall be computed according to section 11.12.2.1.

?Allowable stress is the least of

x I vc = I *( 2 + 4/Ec )* — f ‘c
I = 0.75
Ec = long side of column/ short side of column
= 28/28 = 1
? I vc = 0.75 *( 2 + 4/1 )* — 4000
= 284.60 psi (1.96 MPa)

x I vc = I *(( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 2 )* — f ‘c
Įs = 30 for edge column
d = 7.625 in (194 mm)
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 2 * 31.813 +35.625
= 99.251 in (2521 mm)
I vc = 0.75 *(( 30 * 7.625/ 99.251 )+ 2 )* — 4000
= 204.19 psi (1.41 MPa)

x I vc = I *4* — f ‘c
= 0.75 * 4 * — 4000
= 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa) --------------- Controls

?Allowable Stress = 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 189.74 psi, B12, C8)

vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 287.91 / 189.74
= 1.52 > 1 N.G
(ADAPT-PT 1.52, B12, C9)

For 4—f ‘c allowable stress, according to ACI-318-02 section 11.12.3.2, the

maximum allowed is 1.5 times the permissible value. Therefore enlarge the
section resisting the punching shear.

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 Technical Note

D. Support #4 – interior column (Refer Fig.1.1-1)

Actions at the joint are:

Vu = 198.21 kips (881.68 kN) (B10.3, ADAPT PT)
Mu = 29.07 kip-ft (39.41 kN-m)

i. Section Properties For Shear Stress Computations

Column width, c1 = 24 in (610 mm)

Column depth, c2 = 24 in (610 mm)
Slab depth, h = 9 in (229 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d = 9- 0.75- 0.625
= 7.625 in (194 mm)
Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d value in this case is measured from the bottom of the slab to the
bottom of the top layer of rebar.

c1+ d = 24 + 7.625 = 31.625 in (803 mm)

c2 +d = 24 + 7.625 = 31.625 in (803 mm)
Ac = 2d(c1 + c2 + 2d)) = 2*7.625 * (24+ 24+ 2*7.625)
= 964.56 in2 (6.223e+5 mm2)
Jc = (c1+ d)*d /6+ (c1 + d) *d/6 +d* (c2 + d)*(c1+ d) 2 /2
3 3

= 31.625*7.625 3/6 +31.625 3*7.625 /6+7.625 *31.625* 31.625 2

/2
= 163,120 in4 (6.790e+10 mm4)
JV = ½
1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d)) ]}
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (31.625 / 31.625) ½]}
= 0.40

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 198.21 * 1000/ 964.56

= 205.49 psi (1.42 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 205.49 psi, B12, C5)

iii. Stress Due To Bending

M stress = (J V * Mu * (c1+ d))/ (2* Jc)

= (0.40 * 29.07 * 12000 * 31.625)/ 2*163,120
= 13.53 psi (0.09 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 13.53 psi, B12, C6)
iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 205.49 + 13.53

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 Technical Note

= 219.02 psi (1.51 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 219.02 psi, B12, C7)

v. Allowable Stress

From ACI-318-02 equation 11.36

Allowable Stress,

I vc = I *[( Ep* — f ‘c + 0.3 * fpc ) + Vp]

Where,
I = 0.75
Ep is the smaller of 3.5 or (( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 1.5)
Įs = 40 for interior column
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 4 * 31.625
= 126.50 in (3213 mm)
d = 7.625 in (194 mm)
Ep = (( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 1.5) = (( 40* 7.625 / 126.50 )+ 1.5)
= 3.91 >3.50, ?use 3.50
fpc = P/A = 125.03 psi (0.86 MPa) (ADAPT-PT B 9.3 )

I vc = 0.75 *( 3.5* — 4000 + 0.3 *125.03 )

= 194.15 psi (1.34 MPa)

?Allowable Stress = 194.15 psi (1.34 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 194.15 psi, B12, C8)

Note that in the evaluation of allowable stresses, the term corresponding to the
vertical component of tendon force (Vp) is conservatively disregarded.
vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 219.02 / 194.15
= 1.13 > 1 N.G
(ADAPT-PT 1.13, B12, C9)

Punching Shear Stress exceeds the permissible value. Provide shear

reinforcement.

E. Support #5 – interior column with drop cap (Refer Fig.1.1-7)

Actions at the joint are:

Vu = 212.75 kips (946.35 kN) (B10.3, ADAPT PT)
Mu = 35.95 kip-ft (48.74 kN-m)

Check whether the critical section lies within the cap or slab.

16
 Technical Note

Section #1 (d/2 from the column face)

i. Section Properties For Shear Stress Computations

Column width, c1 = 18 in (457 mm)

Column depth, c2 = 18 in (457 mm)
Slab depth, h= 9 +9 = 18 in (457 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d1 = 18- 0.75- 0.625 = 16.625 in (422 mm)

Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d1 value in this case is measured from the bottom of the drop panel
to the bottom of the top layer of rebar.

c1+ d1 = 18 + 16.625 = 34.625 in (880 mm)

c2+ d1 = 18 + 16.625 = 34.625 in (880 mm)
Ac = 2d(c1 + c2 + 2d))= 2*16.625 * (18+ 18+ 2*16.625)
= 2302.56 in2 (1.486e+6 mm2)
Jc = (c1+ d)*d3/6+ (c1 + d) 3*d/6 +d* (c2 + d)*(c1+ d) 2 /2
= 34.625*16.625 3/6 +34.625 3*16.625 /6+16.625 *34.625*
34.625 2 /2
= 486,604 in4 (2.025e+11 mm4)
JV = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d)) ½]}
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (34.625 / 34.625) ½]}
= 0.40

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 212.75 * 1000/ 2302.56

= 92.40 psi (0.64 MPa)

iii. Stress Due To Bending

M stress = (J V * Mu * (c1+ d))/ (2* Jc)

= (0.40 * 35.95 * 12000 * 34.625)/ 2*486,604
= 6.14 psi (0.04 MPa)

iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 92.40 + 6.14
= 98.54 psi (0.68 MPa)

v. Allowable Stress

17
 Technical Note

From ACI-318-02 ( equation 11.36 )

Allowable Stress,
I vc = I *[( Ep* — f ‘c + 0.3 * fpc ) + Vp]

Where,
I = 0.75
Ep is the smaller of 3.5 or (( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 1.5)
Įs = 40 for interior column
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 4 * 34.625
= 138.50 in (3518 mm)
d = 16.625 in (422 mm)
Ep = (( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 1.5) = (( 40* 16.625 / 138.50 )+ 1.5)
= 6.30 >3.50, ?use 3.50
fpc = P/A = 125.03 psi (0.86 MPa) (ADAPT-PT B 9.3)

I vc = 0.75 *( 3.5* — 4000 + 0.3 *125.03 )

= 194.15 psi (1.34 MPa)

?Allowable Stress = 194.15 psi (1.34 MPa)

Note that in the evaluation of allowable stresses, the term corresponding to the
vertical component of tendon force (Vp) is conservatively disregarded.

vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 98.56 / 194.15
= 0.51

Section #2 (d/2 from the drop cap face )

i. Section Properties For Shear Stress Computations

Cap width, c1 = 45 in (1143 mm)

Cap depth, c2 = 45 in (1143 mm)
Slab depth, h = 9 in (229 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d2 = 9- 0.75- 0.625 = 7.625 in (194 mm)

Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d2 value in this case is measured from the bottom of the slab to the
bottom of the top layer of rebar.

c1 CAP+ d2 = 45 + 7.625 = 52.625 in (1337 mm)

18
 Technical Note

c2 CAP+ d2 = 45 + 7.625 = 52.625 in (1337 mm)

Ac = 2d(c1 + c2 + 2d) = 2*7.625 * (45+ 45+ 2*7.625)
= 1605.06 in2 (1.036e+6 mm2)
Jc = (c1+ d)*d3/6+ (c1 + d) 3*d/6 +d* (c2 + d)*(c1+ d) 2 /2
= (52.625 *7.625 3)/6 +(52.625 3*7.625) /6+(7.625 *52.625 *
52.625 2) /2
= 744,729 in4 (3.100e+11 mm4)
J V = 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d) / (c2 +d)) ½]}
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (52.625 / 52.625) ½]}
= 0.40

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 212.75 * 1000/ 1605.06

= 132.55 psi (0.91 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 132.55 psi, B12, C5)
iii. Stress Due To Bending

M stress = (J V * Mu * (c1+ d))/ (2* Jc)

= (0.40 * 35.95 * 12000 * 52.625)/ 2*744,729
= 6.10 psi (0.04 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 6.10 psi, B12, C6)

iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 132.55 + 6.10
= 138.65 psi (0.96 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 138.65 psi, B12, C7)

v. Allowable Stress

From ACI-318-02 equation 11.36

Allowable Stress,
I vc = I *[( Ep* — f ‘c + 0.3 * fpc ) + Vp]

Where,
I = 0.75
Ep is the smaller of 3.5 or ( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 1.5)
Įs = 40 for interior column
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 4 * 52.625
= 210.50 in (5347 mm)
d = 7.625 in (194 mm)
Ep = ( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 1.5) = ( 40* 7.625 / 210.50)+ 1.5)

19
 Technical Note

= 2.95 < 3.50, ?use 2.95

fpc = P/A = 125.03 psi (0.86 MPa) ( ADAPT B9.3 )

I vc = 0.75 *( 2.95* — 4000 + 0.3 *125.03 )

= 168.06 psi (1.16 MPa)

?Allowable Stress = 168.06 psi (1.16 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 168.01 psi, B12, C8)

Note that in the evaluation of allowable stresses, the term corresponding to the
vertical component of tendon force (Vp) is conservatively disregarded.

vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 138.65 / 168.06
= 0.83 < 1 OK
(ADAPT-PT 0.83, B12, C)9

Since the stress ratio in section#2 is larger than the stress ratio in section #1, the
section#2 governs and reported in the program.

F. Support #6 – end column (Refer Fig. 1.1-2)

Actions at the joint are:

Vu = 100.97 kips (449.13 kN) (B10.3, ADAPT PT)
Mu = 338.23kip-ft (458.57 kN-m)

i. Section Properties For Shear Stress Computations

Column width, c1 = 28 in (711 mm)

Column depth, c2 = 28 in (711 mm)
Slab depth, h = 9 in (229 mm)
Rebar used #5, diameter = 0.625 in (16 mm)
Top Cover to rebar = 0.75 in (19 mm)
d = 9- 0.75- 0.625 = 7.625 in (194 mm)

Since top bars in one direction are placed above the top bars in the other
direction, the d value in this case is measured from the bottom of the slab to the
bottom of the top layer of rebar.

c1 +d/2 = 28 + 7.625/2 = 31.813 in (808 mm)

c2+ d = 28 + 7.625 = 35.625 in (905 mm)
Ac = d (2c1 + c2 + 2d) = 7.625 * (2*28+ 28+ 2*7.625)
= 756.78 in2 (4.882e+5 mm2)
2
cAB = (c1 + d/2 ) /(2c1 + c2 + 2d )
= 31.8132 / (2*28 + 28 + 2*7.625)

20
 Technical Note

= 10.200 in (259 mm)

cCD = 31.813 - 10.200
= 21.613 in (549 mm)
Jc = 31.813 *7.625 3/6 + 2*7.625 *(10.200 3 + 21.613 3)/3
+7.625 *35.625*10.200 2
= 87,327 in4 (3.635e+10 mm4)
JV ½
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * ((c1 +d/2) / (c2 +d)) ]}
= 1- {1/[1+ (2/3) * (31.813 / 35.625) ½]}
= 0.386

ii. Stress Due To Direct Shear

Vu / Ac = 100.97 * 1000/ 756.78

= 133.42 psi (0.92 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 133.42 psi, B12, C5)
iii. Stress Due To Bending

Mue = Mu – Vu* e

For the last support, if the column moment is anticlockwise, the moment due to
shear must be deducted.

Eccentricity, e = (c1+ d/2) - cAB - c1/2 = 31.813 – 10.200 – 14

= 7.613 in (193 mm)
Mue = 338.23- 100.97 * 7.613 /12
= 274.17 kip-ft (371.72 kN-m)
M stress = (J V * Mue * cAB)/ Jc
= (0.386 * 274.18 * 12000 * 10.200)/ 87,327
= 148.33 psi (1.02 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 148.48 psi, B12, C6)

iv. Total Stress

Total Stress = Stress due to shear + stress due to bending

= 133.42 + 148.33
= 281.75 psi (1.94 MPa)
(ADAPT-PT 281.89 psi , B12, C7)

v. Allowable Stress

Column cross section is closer to a discontinuous edge than 4 times the slab
thickness. Therefore, according to ACI-318-02 section 11.12.2.2, allowable stress
shall be computed according to section 11.12.2.1.

?Allowable stress is the least of

x I vc = I *( 2 + 4/Ec )* — f ‘c
I = 0.75
21
 Technical Note

Ec = long side of column/ short side of column

= 28/28 =1
? I vc = 0.75 *( 2 + 4/1 )* — 4000
= 284.60 psi (1.96 MPa)

x I vc = I *(( Įs* d/ b0 )+ 2 )* — f ‘c
Įs = 30 for end column
d = 7.625 in (194 mm)
b0 = Perimeter of the critical section
= 2 * 31.813 +35.625
= 99.251 in (2521 mm)

I vc = 0.75 *(( 30 * 7.625/ 99.251 )+ 2 )* — 4000

= 204.19 psi (1.41 MPa)

x I vc = I *4* — f ‘c
= 0.75 * 4 * — 4000
= 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa) ----------------- Controls

?Allowable Stress = 189.74 psi (1.31 MPa)

(ADAPT-PT 189.74 psi, B12, C8)

vi. Stress Ratio

Stress Ratio = Actual / Allowable

= 281.75 / 189.74
= 1.48 > 1 N.G
(ADAPT-PT 1.49, B12, C9)

Punching Shear Stress exceeds the permissible value. Provide shear

reinforcement .

22
 Technical Note

G. ADAPT OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ADAPT-PT FOR POST-TENSIONED BEAM/SLAB DESIGN |
| Version 7.00 AMERICAN (ACI 318-02/IBC-03) |
| ADAPT CORPORATION - Structural Concrete Software System |
| 1733 Woodside Road, Suite 220, Redwood City, California 94061 |
| Phone: (650)306-2400, Fax: (650)364-4678 |
| Email: [email protected], Web site: http://www.AdaptSoft.com |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATE AND TIME OF PROGRAM EXECUTION: At Time: 9:43
PROJECT FILE: Punch_US

P R O J E C T T I T L E:
Two-Way Post Tensioned Floor System

1 - USER SPECIFIED G E N E R A L D E S I G N P A R A M E T E R S
==============================================================================

CONCRETE:
STRENGTH at 28 days, for BEAMS/SLABS ............. 4000.00 psi
for COLUMNS ................. 4000.00 psi

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY for BEAMS/SLABS ............ 3605.00 ksi

for COLUMNS ................ 3605.00 ksi

CREEP factor for deflections for BEAMS/SLABS ..... 2.00

CONCRETE WEIGHT .................................. NORMAL

SELF WEIGHT ...................................... 150.00 pcf

TENSION STRESS limits (multiple of (f'c)1/2)

At Top .......................................... 6.000
At Bottom ....................................... 6.000

COMPRESSION STRESS limits (multiple of (f'c))

At all locations ................................. .450

REINFORCEMENT:
YIELD Strength ................................... 60.00 ksi
Minimum Cover at TOP ............................. .75 in
Minimum Cover at BOTTOM .......................... .75 in

POST-TENSIONING:
SYSTEM ........................................... UNBONDED
Ultimate strength of strand ...................... 270.00 ksi
Average effective stress in strand (final) ....... 175.00 ksi
Strand area....................................... .153 in^2
Min CGS of tendon from TOP........................ 1.00 in
Min CGS of tendon from BOTTOM for INTERIOR spans.. 1.00 in
Min CGS of tendon from BOTTOM for EXTERIOR spans.. 1.00 in
Min average precompression ....................... 125.00 psi
Max spacing between strands (factor of slab depth) 8.00
Tendon profile type and support widths............ (see section 9)

ANALYSIS OPTIONS USED:

Structural system ................................ TWO-WAY
Moment of Inertia over support is ................ NOT INCREASED

23
 Technical Note
Moments REDUCED to face of support ............... YES
Limited plastification allowed(moments redistributed) NO

2 - I N P U T G E O M E T R Y
==============================================================================

2.1.1 PRINCIPAL SPAN DATA OF UNIFORM SPANS

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S F| | | TOP |BOTTOM/MIDDLE| |
P O| | | FLANGE | FLANGE | REF | MULTIPLIER
A R| LENGTH| WIDTH DEPTH| width thick.| width thick.|HEIGHT| left right
N M| ft | in in | in in | in in | in |
-1-----3----4-------5-------6-------7------8------9------10----11-----12----13-
C 1 1.00 192.00 9.00 9.00 .06 .94
1 1 25.00 192.00 9.00 9.00 .06 .94
2 1 30.00 192.00 9.00 9.00 .06 .94
3 1 30.00 360.00 9.00 9.00 .50 .50
4 1 30.00 360.00 9.00 9.00 .50 .50
5 1 30.00 360.00 9.00 9.00 .50 .50
C 1 1.17 360.00 9.00 9.00 .50 .50
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LEGEND:
1 - SPAN 3 - FORM
C = Cantilever 1 = Rectangular section
2 = T or Inverted L section
3 = I section
4 = Extended T or L section
7 = Joist
8 = Waffle
11 - Top surface to reference line

2.1.5 - D R O P C A P A N D D R O P P A N E L D A T A
==============================================================================
CAPT CAPB CAPDL CAPDR DROPTL DROPTR DROPB DROPL DROPR
JOINT in in in in in in in in in
--1------2-------3-------4-------5---------6-------7-------8-------9-------10-
1 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
2 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
3 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
4 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
5 18.00 45.00 22.50 22.50 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
6 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LEGEND:
DROP CAP DIMENSIONS: DROP PANEL DIMENSIONS:
CAPT = Total depth of cap DROPTL = Total depth left of joint
CAPB = Transverse Width DROPTR = Total depth right of joint
CAPDL = Extension left of joint DROPB = Transverse Width
CAPDR = Extension right of joint DROPL = Extension left of joint
DROPR = Extension right of joint
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.2 - S U P P O R T W I D T H A N D C O L U M N D A T A

SUPPORT <------- LOWER COLUMN ------> <------ UPPER COLUMN ------>

24
 Technical Note
WIDTH LENGTH B(DIA) D CBC* LENGTH B(DIA) D CBC*
JOINT in ft in in ft in in
--1-------2---------3-------4-------5-----6---------7-------8-------9----10---
1 24.00 10.00 24.00 24.00 (1) 10.00 24.00 24.00 (1)
2 24.00 10.00 24.00 24.00 (1) 10.00 24.00 24.00 (1)
3 28.00 10.00 28.00 28.00 (1) 10.00 28.00 28.00 (1)
4 24.00 10.00 24.00 24.00 (1) 10.00 24.00 24.00 (1)
5 18.00 10.00 18.00 18.00 (1) 10.00 18.00 18.00 (1)
6 28.00 10.00 28.00 28.00 (1) 10.00 28.00 28.00 (1)

*THE COLUMN BOUNDARY CONDITION CODES (CBC)

Fixed at both ends ...(STANDARD) ............................. = 1
Hinged at near end, fixed at far end ......................... = 2
Fixed at near end, hinged at far end ......................... = 3
Fixed at near end, roller with rotational fixity at far end .. = 4

3.1 - LOADING AS APPEARS IN USER`S INPUT SCREEN PRIOR TO PROCESSING

==============================================================================

UNIFORM
(k/ft^2), ( CON. or PART. ) ( M O M E N T )
SPAN CLASS TYPE LINE(k/ft) ( k@ft or ft-ft ) ( k-ft @ ft )
-1-----2------3---------4------------5-------6-----------7-------8------------
CANT L U .040
CANT D U .020
1 L U .040
1 D U .020
2 L U .040
2 D U .020
3 L U .040
3 D U .020
4 L U .040
4 D U .020
5 L U .040
5 D U .020
CANT L U .040
CANT D U .020

NOTE: SELFWEIGHT INCLUSION REQUIRED

9 - SELECTED POST-TENSIONING FORCES AND TENDON PROFILES

==============================================================================

9.1 PROFILE TYPES AND PARAMETERS

LEGEND:
For Span:
1 = reversed parabola
2 = simple parabola with straight portion over support
3 = harped tendon

For Cantilever:
1 = simple parabola
2 = partial parabola
3 = harped tendon
9.2 T E N D O N P R O F I L E
TYPE X1/L X2/L X3/L A/L
----------1--------2----------3----------4----------5------

25
 Technical Note
CANT 1 .000
1 2 .000 .428 .000 .000
2 2 .000 .500 .000 .000
3 2 .000 .500 .000 .000
4 2 .000 .500 .000 .000
5 2 .000 .586 .000 .000
CANT 1 .000

9.3 - SELECTED POST-TENSIONING FORCES AND TENDON DRAPE

==============================================================================
Tendon editing mode selected: FORCE SELECTION

<-------- SELECTED VALUES --------> <--- CALCULATED VALUES --->

FORCE <- DISTANCE OF CGS (in) -> P/A Wbal Wbal
SPAN (k/-) Left Center Right (psi) (k/-) (%DL)
--1----------2---------3--------4--------5-----------6----------7--------8--
CANT 220.000 4.50 4.50 127.31 .000 0
1 220.000 4.50 1.00 8.00 127.31 1.198 56
2 220.000 8.00 1.00 8.00 127.31 1.141 54
3 405.100 8.00 1.00 8.00 125.03 2.101 53
4 405.100 8.00 1.00 8.00 125.03 2.101 52
5 405.100 8.00 1.00 4.50 125.03 1.530 38
CANT 405.100 4.50 4.50 125.03 .000 0

Approximate weight of strand ........................... 1056.4 LB

10.3 FACTORED REACTIONS 10.4 FACTORED COLUMN MOMENTS (k-ft)

(k) <-- LOWER column --> <-- UPPER column -->
JOINT max min max min max min
-1----------2----------3-----------4----------5-----------6----------7-----
1 44.95 31.46 -31.84 -55.84 -31.84 -55.84
2 99.66 71.34 -8.95 -17.73 -8.95 -17.73
3 155.11 110.94 -55.96 -86.23 -55.96 -86.23
4 198.21 141.38 14.54 9.92 14.54 9.92
5 212.75 152.85 -15.70 -17.98 -15.70 -17.98
6 100.97 71.30 169.12 106.81 169.12 106.81

12 - P U N C H I N G S H E A R C H E C K
==============================================================================

LEGEND:
CONDITION... 1 = INTERIOR COLUMN
2 = END COLUMN
3 = CORNER COLUMN
4 = EDGE COLUMN (PARALLEL TO SPAN)
5 = EDGE BEAM, WALL, OR OTHER NON-CONFORMING GEOMETRY
PERFORM SHEAR CHECK MANUALLY
6 = STRIP TOO NARROW TO DEVELOP PUNCHING SHEAR

CASE........ 1 = STRESS WITHIN SECTION #1 GOVERNS (COL.CAP OR SLAB)

2 = STRESS WITHIN SECTION #2 GOVERNS (DROP PANEL OR SLAB)

FACTORED ACTIONS <- PUNCHING SHEAR STRESSES IN psi->

shear moment due to due to allow- STRESS
JNT COND. k k-ft shear moment TOTAL able RATIO CASE

26
 Technical Note
-1----2-------3-------4---------5---------6--------7---------8-------9-----10-
1 3 44.95 111.67 105.99 74.41 180.40 189.74 .95 1
2 4 99.66 35.46 149.81 21.96 171.77 189.74 .91 1
3 4 155.11 172.45 204.96 82.88 287.85 189.74 1.52 1
4 1 198.21 29.07 205.49 13.53 219.02 194.15 1.13 1
5 1 212.75 35.95 132.55 6.10 138.65 168.01 .83 2
6 2 100.97 338.23 133.42 148.48 281.89 189.74 1.49 1

PUNCHING SHEAR STRESS IN ONE OR MORE LOCATIONS EXCEEDS THE PERMISSIBLE

VALUE. PROVIDE SHEAR REINFORCEMENT, OR ENLARGE THE SECTION RESISTING THE
PUNCHING SHEAR

Comments:
Where stress ratrios exceed 1.00, punching shear reinforcement must be provided. If a stress
ratio exceeds 1.50, the section has to be enlarged, or re-designed such as to bring the ratio to
1.50 or less. In this case, column 3 has been conservatively modeled as an “edge column.” Its
punching shear capacity is larger than assumed in the program. For this reason, it is acceptable if
reinforced.

27
 Technical Note

H. ADAPT- SI OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ADAPT-PT FOR POST-TENSIONED BEAM/SLAB DESIGN |
| Version 7.00 AMERICAN (ACI 318-02/IBC-03) |
| ADAPT CORPORATION - Structural Concrete Software System |
| 1733 Woodside Road, Suite 220, Redwood City, California 94061 |
| Phone: (650)306-2400, Fax: (650)364-4678 |
| Email: [email protected], Web site: http://www.AdaptSoft.com |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATE AND TIME OF PROGRAM EXECUTION: At Time: 15:7
PROJECT FILE: Punch_SI

P R O J E C T T I T L E:
TWO-WAY POST-TENSIONED FLOOR SYSTEM
Punch_SI

1 - USER SPECIFIED G E N E R A L D E S I G N P A R A M E T E R S
==============================================================================

CONCRETE:
STRENGTH at 28 days, for BEAMS/SLABS ............. 28.00 N/mm^2
for COLUMNS ................. 28.00 N/mm^2

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY for BEAMS/SLABS ............ 24870.00 N/mm^2

for COLUMNS ................ 24870.00 N/mm^2

CREEP factor for deflections for BEAMS/SLABS ..... 2.00

CONCRETE WEIGHT .................................. NORMAL

SELF WEIGHT ...................................... 2400.00 Kg/m^3

TENSION STRESS limits (multiple of (f'c)1/2)

At Top .......................................... .498
At Bottom ....................................... .498

COMPRESSION STRESS limits (multiple of (f'c))

At all locations ................................. .450

REINFORCEMENT:
YIELD Strength ................................... 413.69 N/mm^2
Minimum Cover at TOP ............................. 19.05 mm
Minimum Cover at BOTTOM .......................... 19.05 mm

POST-TENSIONING:
SYSTEM ........................................... UNBONDED
Ultimate strength of strand ...................... 1863.00 N/mm^2
Average effective stress in strand (final) ....... 1206.60 N/mm^2
Strand area....................................... 99.000 mm^2
Min CGS of tendon from TOP........................ 25.00 mm
Min CGS of tendon from BOTTOM for INTERIOR spans.. 25.00 mm
Min CGS of tendon from BOTTOM for EXTERIOR spans.. 25.00 mm
Min average precompression ....................... .86 N/mm^2
Max spacing between strands (factor of slab depth) 8.00

28
 Technical Note
Tendon profile type and support widths............ (see section 9)

ANALYSIS OPTIONS USED:

Structural system ................................ TWO-WAY
Moment of Inertia over support is ................ NOT INCREASED
Moments REDUCED to face of support ............... YES
Limited plastification allowed(moments redistributed) NO

2 - I N P U T G E O M E T R Y
==============================================================================

2.1.1 PRINCIPAL SPAN DATA OF UNIFORM SPANS

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S F| | | TOP |BOTTOM/MIDDLE| |
P O| | | FLANGE | FLANGE | REF | MULTIPLIER
A R| LENGTH| WIDTH DEPTH| width thick.| width thick.|HEIGHT| left right
N M| m | mm mm | mm mm | mm mm | mm |
-1-----3----4-------5-------6-------7------8------9------10----11-----12----13-
C 1 .31 4877 229 229 .06 .94
1 1 7.62 4877 229 229 .06 .94
2 1 9.14 4877 229 229 .06 .94
3 1 9.14 9144 229 229 .50 .50
4 1 9.14 9144 229 229 .50 .50
5 1 9.14 9144 229 229 .50 .50
C 1 .36 9144 229 229 .50 .50
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LEGEND:
1 - SPAN 3 - FORM
C = Cantilever 1 = Rectangular section
2 = T or Inverted L section
3 = I section
4 = Extended T or L section
7 = Joist
8 = Waffle
11 - Top surface to reference line

2.1.5 - D R O P C A P A N D D R O P P A N E L D A T A
==============================================================================
CAPT CAPB CAPDL CAPDR DROPTL DROPTR DROPB DROPL DROPR
JOINT mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
--1------2-------3-------4-------5---------6-------7-------8-------9-------10-
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 457 1144 572 572 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LEGEND:
DROP CAP DIMENSIONS: DROP PANEL DIMENSIONS:
CAPT = Total depth of cap DROPTL = Total depth left of joint
CAPB = Transverse Width DROPTR = Total depth right of joint
CAPDL = Extension left of joint DROPB = Transverse Width
CAPDR = Extension right of joint DROPL = Extension left of joint
DROPR = Extension right of joint
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

29
 Technical Note

2.2 - S U P P O R T W I D T H A N D C O L U M N D A T A

SUPPORT <------- LOWER COLUMN ------> <------ UPPER COLUMN ------>

WIDTH LENGTH B(DIA) D CBC* LENGTH B(DIA) D CBC*
JOINT mm m mm mm m mm mm
--1-------2---------3-------4-------5-----6---------7-------8-------9----10---
1 610 3.05 610 610 (1) 3.05 610 610 (1)
2 610 3.05 610 610 (1) 3.05 610 610 (1)
3 711 3.05 711 711 (1) 3.05 711 711 (1)
4 610 3.05 610 610 (1) 3.05 610 610 (1)
5 457 3.05 457 457 (1) 3.05 457 457 (1)
6 711 3.05 711 711 (1) 3.05 711 711 (1)

*THE COLUMN BOUNDARY CONDITION CODES (CBC)

Fixed at both ends ...(STANDARD) ............................. = 1
Hinged at near end, fixed at far end ......................... = 2
Fixed at near end, hinged at far end ......................... = 3
Fixed at near end, roller with rotational fixity at far end .. = 4

3 - I N P U T A P P L I E D L O A D I N G
==============================================================================

<---CLASS---> <--------------TYPE------------------->
D = DEAD LOAD U = UNIFORM P = PARTIAL UNIFORM
L = LIVE LOAD C = CONCENTRATED M = APPLIED MOMENT
Li= LINE LOAD
SW= SELF WEIGHT Computed from geometry input and treated as dead loading
Unit selfweight W = 2400.0 Kg/m^3

Intensity ( From ... To ) ( M or C ...At) Total on Trib

3.1 - LOADING AS APPEARS IN USER`S INPUT SCREEN PRIOR TO PROCESSING

==============================================================================

UNIFORM
(kN/m^2), ( CON. or PART. ) ( M O M E N T )
SPAN CLASS TYPE LINE(kN/m) ( kN@m or m-m ) ( kN-m @ m )
-1-----2------3---------4------------5-------6-----------7-------8------------
CANT L U 1.915
CANT D U .958
1 L U 1.915
1 D U .958
2 L U 1.915
2 D U .958
3 L U 1.915
3 D U .958
4 L U 1.915
4 D U .958
5 L U 1.915
5 D U .958
CANT L U 1.915
CANT D U .958
NOTE: SELFWEIGHT INCLUSION REQUIRED

30
 Technical Note

9 - SELECTED POST-TENSIONING FORCES AND TENDON PROFILES

==============================================================================

9.1 PROFILE TYPES AND PARAMETERS

LEGEND:
For Span:
1 = reversed parabola
2 = simple parabola with straight portion over support
3 = harped tendon

For Cantilever:
1 = simple parabola
2 = partial parabola
3 = harped tendon

9.2 T E N D O N P R O F I L E
TYPE X1/L X2/L X3/L A/L
----------1--------2----------3----------4----------5------
CANT 2 .000
1 2 .000 .428 .000 .000
2 2 .000 .500 .000 .000
3 2 .000 .500 .000 .000
4 2 .000 .500 .000 .000
5 2 .000 .586 .000 .000
CANT 2 .000

9.3 - SELECTED POST-TENSIONING FORCES AND TENDON DRAPE

==============================================================================
Tendon editing mode selected: FORCE SELECTION

<-------- SELECTED VALUES --------> <--- CALCULATED VALUES --->

FORCE <- DISTANCE OF CGS (mm) -> P/A Wbal Wbal
SPAN (kN/-) Left Center Right (N/mm^2) (kN/-) (%DL)
--1----------2---------3--------4--------5-----------6----------7--------8--
CANT 978.600 114.50 115.00 .88 10.520 34
1 978.600 115.00 25.00 204.00 .88 17.636 57
2 978.600 204.00 25.00 204.00 .88 16.760 54
3 1800.850 204.00 25.00 204.00 .86 30.842 53
4 1800.850 204.00 25.00 204.00 .86 30.842 53
5 1800.850 204.00 25.00 115.00 .86 22.522 39
CANT 1800.850 115.00 115.00 .86 .000 0

Approximate weight of strand ........................... 481.9 Kg

10.3 FACTORED REACTIONS 10.4 FACTORED COLUMN MOMENTS (kNm)

(kN) <-- LOWER column --> <-- UPPER column -->
JOINT max min max min max min
-1----------2----------3-----------4----------5-----------6----------7-----
1 200.14 140.12 -43.09 -75.62 -43.09 -75.62
2 443.59 317.64 -12.08 -23.97 -12.08 -23.97
3 690.38 493.90 -75.74 -116.73 -75.74 -116.73
4 882.48 629.52 19.27 13.22 19.27 13.22
5 945.50 679.74 -20.12 -22.14 -20.12 -22.14
6 450.41 318.01 230.48 145.39 230.48 145.39

31
 Technical Note

12 - P U N C H I N G S H E A R C H E C K
==============================================================================

LEGEND:
CONDITION... 1 =INTERIOR COLUMN
2 =END COLUMN
3 =CORNER COLUMN
4 =EDGE COLUMN (PARALLEL TO SPAN)
5 =EDGE BEAM, WALL, OR OTHER NON-CONFORMING GEOMETRY
PERFORM SHEAR CHECK MANUALLY
6 = STRIP TOO NARROW TO DEVELOP PUNCHING SHEAR

CASE........ 1 = STRESS WITHIN SECTION #1 GOVERNS (COL.CAP OR SLAB)

2 = STRESS WITHIN SECTION #2 GOVERNS (DROP PANEL OR SLAB)

FACTORED ACTIONS <- PUNCHING SHEAR STRESSES IN N/mm^2 ->

shear moment due to due to allow- STRESS
JNT COND. kN kN-m shear moment TOTAL able RATIO CASE
-1----2-------3-------4---------5---------6--------7---------8-------9-----10-
1 3 200.14 151.24 .73 .51 1.24 1.32 .94 1
2 4 443.59 47.95 1.03 .15 1.18 1.32 .90 1
3 4 690.38 233.47 1.41 .57 1.98 1.32 1.50 1
4 1 882.48 38.55 1.41 .09 1.50 1.32 1.14 1
5 1 945.50 44.27 .91 .04 .95 1.14 .83 2
6 2 450.41 460.96 .92 1.03 1.95 1.32 1.48 1

PUNCHING SHEAR STRESS IN ONE OR MORE LOCATIONS EXCEEDS THE PERMISSIBLE

VALUE. PROVIDE SHEAR REINFORCEMENT, OR ENLARGE THE SECTION RESISTING THE
PUNCHING SHEAR

Comments:
Where stress ratrios exceed 1.00, punching shear reinforcement must be provided. If a stress
ratio exceeds 1.50, the section has to be enlarged, or re-designed such as to bring the ratio to
1.50 or less. In this case, column 3 has been conservatively modeled as an “edge column.” Its
punching shear capacity is larger than assumed in the program. For this reason, it is acceptable if
reinforced.

32