MACHINE DESIGN II

M E C 3 11 0
k

LECTURE - 13

ROLLING-ELEMENT BEARING PROBLEMS

P R O F. M . N A U S H A D A L A M

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

A.M.U. ALIGARH

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Problem-1
2

In a particular application, the radial load acting on a ball bearing is 5 kN and the
expected life for 90% of the bearings is 8000 h. Calculate the dynamic load carrying
capacity of the bearing, when the shaft rotates at 1450 rpm.
Solution:
Given Data:

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Problem-2
3

A taper roller bearing has a dynamic load capacity of 26 kN. The desired life for 90%
of the bearings is 8000 h and the speed is 300 rpm. Calculate the equivalent radial load
that the bearing can carry.
Solution:
Given; C = 26 kN, L10h = 8000 h, n = 300 rpm

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 SELECTION OF BEARING LIFE
4

 While selecting the proper size of a bearing, it is necessary to specify the expected life of the
bearing for the given application.
 The information regarding the life expectancy is generally vague and values based on past
experience are used.
 For all kinds of vehicles, the speed of rotation is not constant and the desired life is expressed in
terms of millions of revolutions. The recommended bearing life for wheel applications is given in
Table below.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Selection of Bearing Life
5

 In the other applications, the speed of rotation is relatively constant and the desired life is
expressed in terms of hours of service.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 LOAD FACTOR
6

 The forces acting on the bearing are

calculated by considering the equilibrium of
forces in vertical and horizontal planes.

 These elementary equations do not take into

consideration the effect of dynamic load.

 The forces determined by these equations

are multiplied by a load factor to determine
the dynamic load carrying capacity of the
bearing.

 Load factors are used in applications

involving gear, chain and belt drives.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 SELECTION OF BEARING
7

Selection of a bearing from the manufacturer’s catalogue

The basic procedure for the selection consists of the following steps:
(i) Calculate the radial and axial forces acting on the bearing and determine the
diameter of the shaft where the bearing is to be fitted.
(ii) Select the type of bearing for the given application.
(iii) Determine the values of X and Y, the radial and thrust factors, from the
catalogue. The values of X and Y factors for single-row deep groove ball
bearings are given in Table.
The values depend upon two ratios
where C0 is the static load capacity.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Selection of a bearing from the manufacturer’s catalogue
8

(iv) Calculate the equivalent dynamic load from the equation.

(v) Make a decision about the expected bearing life and express the life L10 in
million revolutions.
(vi) Calculate the dynamic load capacity from the equation.

(vii) Check whether the selected bearing of series 60 has the required dynamic
capacity. If not, select the bearing of the next series and go back to Step (iii)
and continue.
Ball bearings are thus selected by the trial and error procedure. The above procedure
is also applicable to other types of bearings.
M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020
 Table
9

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 PROBLEM-3
10

Select a single-row deep groove ball bearing, for a shaft that is 75 mm in diameter and
which rotates at 125 rpm. The bearing is subjected to a radial load of 21 kN and there is
no thrust load. The expected life of the bearing is 10 000 hours.
Solution
Given,
Fr = 21 000 N, Fa = 0 d = 75 mm
Type: single-row deep groove ball bearing
Step (iii) Since there is no axial load,
P = Fr = 21 000 N

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Solution
11

Step (vi) It is observed from Table 15.5, that following bearings are available with 75mmbore diameter,

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 …
12

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 13

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 …
14

 A rolling contact bearing is usually designated by three or four digits. The meaning of
these digits is as follows:
(i) The last two digits indicate the bore diameter of the bearing in mm (bore
diameter divided by 5). For example, XX07 indicates a bearing of 35 mm bore
diameter.
(ii) The third digit from the right indicates the series of the bearing. The numbers
used to indicate the series are as follows:
Extra light series –1 Light series – 2
Medium series – 3 Heavy series – 4
For example, X307 indicates a medium series bearing with a bore diameter of 35 mm.
(iii) The fourth digit and sometimes fifth digit from the right specifies the type of rolling
contact bearing. For example, the digit 6 indicates deep groove ball bearings
M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020
 PROBLEM
15

A single-row deep groove ball bearing is subjected to a radial force of 8 kN and a

thrust force of 3 kN. The shaft rotates at 1200 rpm. The expected life L10h of the
bearing is 20 000 h. The minimum acceptable diameter of the shaft is 75 mm.
Select a suitable ball bearing for this application
Solution
Given Fr = 8 kN, Fa = 3 kN, L10h = 20 000 hr
n = 1200 rpm d = 75 mm
Step I X and Y factors
When the bearing is subjected to radial as well as axial load, the values
of X and Y factors are obtained from Table 15.4 by trial and error
procedure. It is observed from Table 15.4, that values of X are constant
and the values of Y vary only in case when

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 ..
16

 In this case, the value of Y varies from 1.0 to 2.0.

 Assume the average value 1.5 as the first trial value for the factor Y. Therefore,

X = 0.56 Y = 1.5 Fr = 8000 N Fa = 3000 N

P = XFr + YFa = 0.56(8000) + 1.5(3000) = 8980 N

 C = P (L10)1/3 = (8980)(1440)1/3 = 101 406.04 N

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 ,,
17
 From Table 15.5, it is observed that for the shaft of 75 mm diameter, Bearing No. 6315
(C = 112 000) is suitable for the above data. For this bearing, Co = 72 000 N

 e = 0.24 ( approximately

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Problem
18
A transmission shaft rotating at 720 rpm and transmitting power from the pulley P to the
spur gear G is shown in Fig. The belt tensions and the gear tooth forces are as follows:
P1 = 498 N P2 = 166 N Pt = 497 N Pr = 181 N

The weight of the pulley is 100 N. The diameter of the shaft at bearings B1 and B2 is 10
mm and 20 mm respectively. The load factor is 2.5 and the expected life for 90% of the
bearings is 8000 h. Select single row deep groove ball bearings at B1 and B2.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Solution
19
Given :
n = 720 rpm,
d1 = 10 mm,
d2 = 20 mm
L10h = 8000 h
load factor = 2.5
Step I Radial and axial forces
Considering forces acting on the shaft
in the vertical plane

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Solution
20

 Considering forces in the horizontal plane and  The reactions at the two bearings are given by,
taking moments of forces about the bearing B1,

 The bearing reactions are in the radial direction.

 There is no axial thrust on these bearings;

hence,

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Solution
21

Step II Dynamic load capacities

Considering forces acting Considering the load factor
on the shaft

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Solution
22

Step III Selection of bearings

From the Table, the following bearings are

available for 10 mm and 20 mm shaft
diameter;

Bearing Nos. 6000

and 6404
are suitable at B1 and B2 respectively.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 PROBLEM
23

A shaft transmits 50 kW at 125 rpm from the gear G1 to the gear G2 and mounted on
Rolling Contact Bearings 579 two single-row deep groove ball bearings B1 and B2. The gear tooth
forces are
Pt1 = 15915 N Pr1 = 5793 N
Pt2 = 9549 N Pr2 = 3476 N
The diameter of the shaft at bearings B1 and B2 is 75 mm. The load factor is 1.4 and the
expected life for 90% of the bearings is 10000 h. Select suitable ball bearings.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 Solution
24
Given
kW = 50
n = 125 rpm
d = 75 mm
L10h = 10 000 h
load factor = 1.4

Considering forces in the vertical plane and taking

moments about bearing B1,

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 …
25
Considering equilibrium of forces in the vertical plane

A similar procedure is repeated for calculating forces in the horizontal plane and the
reactions

The radial forces at the two bearings are given by

Since there is no axial thrust,

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 …
26

Step II Dynamic load capacities

Considering forces acting on the shaft Considering the load factor and
using the dynamic load capacities
in the vertical plane are given by,

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 …
27

Step III Selection of bearings

From the Table,
the available bearings at B1 and B2 are
as follows:

 Therefore, Bearing No. 6315 is suitable at B1

as well as B2.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 …
28

Step IV Bearing life (L50)

It can be proved that the life (L50), which 50% of the bearings will complete or
exceed, is approximately five times the life L10 which 90% of the bearings will
complete or exceed.

 Therefore,.

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020

 .
29

End of Lecture

M. N. Alam / Mech. Engg. Dept. / A.M.U. Aligarh 8/21/2020