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The document discusses several Philippine constitutions throughout history, including the Malolos Constitution of 1899, the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, the 1973 authoritarian constitution under Marcos, and the 1987 post-Martial Law constitution. It provides details on the background and key aspects of each constitution.

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Aldone John Santos
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33 views

Notes

The document discusses several Philippine constitutions throughout history, including the Malolos Constitution of 1899, the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, the 1973 authoritarian constitution under Marcos, and the 1987 post-Martial Law constitution. It provides details on the background and key aspects of each constitution.

Uploaded by

Aldone John Santos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or

organization is governed.
1987 - Constitution

Three other constitution effectively governed


1935 - Commonwealth Constitution
1973 - Constitution
1988 - Freedom Constitution

1897 Constitution of biak na bato


● was the provisionary Constitution of the Phil Repb during the Phil Revolution.
● was promulgated by the Phil Revolutionary Government on 1 Nov 1897
● nanggaling sa Cuba
● by Isabelo Artacho & Felix Ferrer in Spanish
● never fully Implemented kasi ang signed
neto is Spanish and phil revolution army

The organs of the Government under Construction


Supreme Council - which is vested with the power of the Republic, headed by president and four
department secretaries.
Supreme Council of Grace and Justice - which given the authority to make decisions and affirm or disprove
by other court and dictate rules for the admissions of justice.
Assembly of Representatives -which was to be governed after the revolution to create a new constitution
and to elect a new council representative.

sumuko sila Aguinaldo kaya pinatapon sila ng mga Spanish sa Hongkong

1899 Malolos Constitution


Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898 natalo ang Spanish ng mga American kaya binalik nila sa pinas si
Aguinaldo
- Phil Revolutionary forces reverted to the control of Aguinaldo
- 12 June 1898 Phil Declaration of Independence
- Malolos Congress was elected, which selected by commission to draw up draft constitution on 17 of Sept
1898. and napproved ito nung 29 Nove 1898 and promulgated by Aguinaldo on 21 January 1899 was titled
"THE POLITICAL CONSTITUTION OF 1899 " meron itong 39 articles divided into 14 titles with 8 articles of
transitory provisions and final article.

- According kay Felipe Calderon main author of the Constitution pinag aralan ito because these counties
shared similar social, political, ethnological and
governance conditions: Belgium, Mexico, Brazil , Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Guatemala and the French
Constitution of 1793

- Prior Constitution project sa pinas is also influenced the Malolos constitution THE KARTILYA AND
SANGGUNIAN HUKUMAN the character of law and moral of katipunan by Emilio Jacinto in 1896

Mabini's Constitution Program of the Phil Repb of 1898 by Mariano Ponce.

1935 The Commonwealth Constitution


Philippines was subject to the power of US from 1898 to 1901, will placed under military government until
civil gov will put in place.
THE TWO ACTS OF US CONGRESS
1. PHILIPPINE ORGANIC ACT OF 1902 -
first organic law sa pinas islands that provide for the creation of a popularly of pinas & specified the
legislative power . Key provisions of the included bill of rights for Filipinos and appointment of two non
voting Filipino Residents Commissioner as representative of US.
2. THE PHILIPPINE AUTONOMY ACT OF 1916 or " JONES LAW " which modified the structure of the
Phil gov. through the removal of the Phil Commission, replacing it w/ SENATE that served as the upper
house. purpose ng US is to end their sovereignty over the Philippines and recognize Phil Independence
soon

1932 efforts ng pinoy independence mission led by Serguo Osmeña and Manuel Roxas yung Us congress
pass Hare Hawes Cutting Act the premise of granting Filipino Independence pero bwst
si President Manuel L quezon nireject nya.

1934 another law the TYDINGS MCDUFFIE ACT or Philippine Independence act, pinasa ng US Congress
that provides authority and defined mechanisms for the establishment of a formal constitution by
constitutional convention at yung first meeting nila nung 30 July 1934 with Claro M Recto unanimously
elected president. and yun na approved pero not totally kasi prineprepare ang pinas hahaha gagi amp
paano ba isentence.

1935 to 1946 transitional administration to prepare the country toward it's full achievement of
independence.

the Malolos Constitution, German, Spanish, Mexican Constitution


the draft of constitution was approved by
constitutional convention on 8 February 1935 and ratified by Pres Frankin D Roosevelt on March 25 1935 ..
September 1935 ang election at si Manuel L Quezon yung na naelect pres of commonwealth.

1973 CONSTITUTION AUTHORITARIANISM

1965 Ferdinand E. Marco's was elected president .


1967 congress passed a resolution for constitutional convention to change the 1935 Constitution.
Marconi won the re-election in 1969 and election of the delegates to constitutional convention were held on
20 November 1970 and began formally on 1 June 1970 with former Pres Carlos P. Garcia as convention
president. pero namatay siya so ang pumalit si Diosdado Macapagal.
Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 73 setting the date of the plebiscite to ratify or reject the proposed
constitutional on 39 November 1973 na postponed rin siya. Citizens assemblies were held from 10to15
January 1973.
Jan 17 1973 Pres issued the proposed constitution has been ratified by an overwhelming vote

1987: CONSTITUTION AFTER MARTIAL LAW


President Corazon Aquino had 3 options regarding Constitution:
revert to the 1935 constitution,
retain the 1973 constitution and granted the power to make reforms or start a new and break from the "
vestiges of a disgraced dictatorship " pero gumawa siya
ng bago bagong Constitution, nahinantulad nya sa sarili niya " truly reflective of the aspirations and ideals
of the Filipino people "

1986 March, Aquino proclaimed a transitional constitution to last for a year but Constitutional commission
drafted a permanent constitution.
- translational Constitution called the FREEDOM CONSTITUTION, maintained many provisions of the old
one, including in rewritten form the presidential right to rule by decree. in 1986 Constitution convention was
created. and officially adopted on 2 Feb 1987 the constitution begins with a preamble and eighteen self
contained articles. established as " democratic republican state"

Legislative power divided into two house:


Senate - 24 senators are elected at large by popular vote and can serve no more than 2 consecutive six
year terms.
House representatives - district representative representing a particular geographic area and make up
around 80% of the total number of Representatives.
234 legislative districts in the Philippines that elect their representatives for 3years term.
Congress may also declare war through a third vote in both upper and lower houses.
Philippine Court system is vested with the power of judiciary and is composed of supreme court and lower
court as created by law. supreme court as a 15 member.
Supreme court also is charged with overseeing the functioning and administration of the lower courts and
their personnel
3 Independent Constructional Commission
Civil Service Commission- a central agency in charge of government personnel
Commission on Elections - mandated to enforce and administer all election law and regulations
Commission on Audit - which examines all funds , transactions and property accounts of the government
and its agencies.

Office of the Ombudsman was created to investigate complaints that pertain to public corruption, unlawful
behavior of public officials and other public misconduct.

Attempts to Amend or change the 1987 constitution

1987 Constitution provides for 3 ways by which constitution can be amended.


1st attempt was in 1995 when secretary of national security council, Jose Almonte drafted a constitution but
it was exposed to the media and it never prospered.
2nd effort happend in 1997 when a grp called PIRMA, hoped to gather signature from voters to change the
constitution through a people's initiative.

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