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Assignment 3

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34 views2 pages

Assignment 3

Uploaded by

deepika ponnana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Thermodynamics of Materials

Assignment 3

1. One mole of an ideal gas is subjected to the following sequence of steps : 


1. starting at 298 K and 1 atm, the gas expands freely into a vacuum to double its volume
2. the gas is next heated to 398 K at constant volume
3. the gas is reversibly expanded at constant temperature until its volume is again doubled
4. the gas is then reversibly cooled to 298 K at constant pressure

Calculate ΔE, ΔH, q, w, ΔS in the gas.

2. What is the entropy change of the universe (system + surroundings) as a result of the following
process?
a) 1-µF capacitor is connected a 100 V electrochemical cell at 273K?
b) The same capacitory, after being fully charged, is discharged through a resistor
kept at 273 K.
3. A body at temperature Ti K is kept in contact with a thermal reservoir Tf K (> Ti) so that
the body reaches Tf. Assuming a constant Cp for the body, calculate the entropy change
for the body, calculate the entropy change for the reservoir and calculate entropy change
for the universe.

4. Calculate the entropy change ΔS° which takes place when 1 kg of liquid water at 273.15 K is
mixed with 1 kg of liquid water at 373.15 K. A constant heat capacity value of 4.18 kJ/(kg.K) may
be taken for ease of calculation. 

5.  A system is heated reversibly from a temperature of 300K to 302K by bringing into equilibrium
with a series of thermal reservoirs each infinitesimally hotter than the preceding one.  Suggest
different paths by which the system may be restored to its original state?  During the various
combined cyclical paths what is the net change in the surrounding?  Specifically, during which
kind of process, the surrounding is also returned to its original state at the end of the cyclic
process?
6. Calculate the entropy change of system surroundings for the case of freezing of supercooled
liquid silver of 800C.  The melting point of silver is 961C and heat of fusion is 2.69 kcal/mol.  C
P

(Ag, l) = 30.5 kj/ deg. kjmole, Cp(Ag, s) =21.3+8.54*10 T + 1.51*10 T kj/deg.kjmole.


-3 5 -2

7. Take 0.5 mol of liquid water and 0.5 mol of steam in a system maintained at 1 atm. (1.013 x 10 5
P
pressure and 373.15 K.

a) Compress this system isothermally and reversibly, withdrawing heat to an ideal


reservoir, to decrease the volume by 10 %. Calculate the change in E, H and S of
the system. What is the change in S of the reservoir during the same process?

b) Perform the above process of compression by the application of an external


pressure of 1.2 atm. pressure but reaching the same final state of the system.
Calculate the change in S of the system and the surrounding.
c) Perform the reversible compression of case a, but with a thermal reservoir
which is not ideal but maintained at 273.15 K (say an ice/water mixture). What
is the additional entropy generation in the surrounding because of this change?

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