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    4 - Biological Theories of Crime (Autosaved) (Autosaved)

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    James Ayao
    The document discusses several early theories of biological and physiological approaches to criminology: 1) Franz Joseph Gall developed phrenology which argued that criminal behavior was determined by the physical characteristics and bumps on the head. 2) Cesare Lombroso's theory of the "born criminal" stated that criminals had atavistic physical features showing their closer evolutionary link to apes than non-criminals. 3) Ernst Kretschmer studied somatotypes (body builds) and linked different physiques to criminality, such as round pyknic builds being prone to violent crimes.

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    4 - Biological Theories of Crime (Autosaved) (Autosaved)

    Uploaded by

    James Ayao
    47 views16 pages
    The document discusses several early theories of biological and physiological approaches to criminology: 1) Franz Joseph Gall developed phrenology which argued that criminal behavior was determined by the physical characteristics and bumps on the head. 2) Cesare Lombroso's theory of the "born criminal" stated that criminals had atavistic physical features showing their closer evolutionary link to apes than non-criminals. 3) Ernst Kretschmer studied somatotypes (body builds) and linked different physiques to criminality, such as round pyknic builds being prone to violent crimes.

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    4 - Biological Theories of Crime [Autosaved] [Autosaved] (1)

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    The document discusses several early theories of biological and physiological approaches to criminology: 1) Franz Joseph Gall developed phrenology which argued that criminal behavior was determined by the physical characteristics and bumps on the head. 2) Cesare Lombroso's theory of the "born criminal" stated that criminals had atavistic physical features showing their closer evolutionary link to apes than non-criminals. 3) Ernst Kretschmer studied somatotypes (body builds) and linked different physiques to criminality, such as round pyknic builds being prone to violent crimes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    47 views16 pages

    4 - Biological Theories of Crime (Autosaved) (Autosaved)

    Uploaded by

    James Ayao
    The document discusses several early theories of biological and physiological approaches to criminology: 1) Franz Joseph Gall developed phrenology which argued that criminal behavior was determined by the physical characteristics and bumps on the head. 2) Cesare Lombroso's theory of the "born criminal" stated that criminals had atavistic physical features showing their closer evolutionary link to apes than non-criminals. 3) Ernst Kretschmer studied somatotypes (body builds) and linked different physiques to criminality, such as round pyknic builds being prone to violent crimes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    Mrs. Rowena E.

    Mojares MS Crim
    Faculty member
    College of Criminology
    Lyceum of the Philippines University
     It assumes that forces beyond the control of
    individuals determine human behavior and
    that is possible to measure those forces
    (scientific method and
    empirical/experimental research)
     Franz Joseph Gall
     he developed the early biological approach to
    crime causation. Further developed phrenology.

     Phrenology is a criminological concept that first


    begun in the 19th century which held that crime
    was a product of lower propensities and
    psychological characteristics of individuals.
     Scientist like Franz Joseph Gall, Johann Spurzheim
    and Charles Caldwell advanced this.

     They advance the science of phrenology stating


    that even bumps on the head were indication of
    psychological tendencies to abnormal behavior
    and the brain tissues and cells regulate human
    action.
     advanced the science of phrenology
     further studied physiognomy wherein he considered
    as a method of judging character or criminal types
    through facial features.
     an Italian doctor;
     His Theory of Born Criminal states that criminals
    are lower forms of life, nearer to their apelike
    ancestors than non-criminals in traits and
    disposition. They can be differentiated from the
    non-criminals by various atavistic stigmata, which
    are the physical features at an earlier stage of
    development, before they became fully man.
     He related criminality to hereditary inferiority
     He used empirical research to refute Lombroso’s
    theory of criminal types.

     Criminals tend to be shorter and have less weight


    than non criminals.

     Concluded that there is no such thing as physical-


    chemical type.
     He pioneered the study of Somatotype or
    Physiology which was centered on the study
    of relationship of a person’s built or physique
    to the type of offense a criminal is prone to
    commit.
    ▪ Pyknic type – rounded body, medium height, and tends to commit
    deception, fraud and with violent behavior and suffers manic
    depression.

    ▪ Athletic type – medium to tall, muscular and strong usually


    connected with violent crimes.

    ▪ Asthenic type – lean, skinny, slender and prone to commit petty


    crimes and fraud cases and often times with schizophrenic
    personality.

    ▪ Dysplastic – a combination of other types or mixed type with no


    predominant type; prone to commit crimes against morality and
    decency.
     He brought to US the findings of Kretschmer

     He then formulated his own group of somatotype.

     He likewise studied somatotype and came up with


    a theory that established a link between different
    body types and criminality categorizing them into
    three groups together with their corresponding
    temperament.
     Pathology of Mind

     pioneered criteria for legal responsibility.

     He believed that insanity and criminal behavior


    were strongly linked.

     He believed that criminals are morally insane


     Human like other animals are parasite. Man is an
    organism having an animalistic behavior that is
    dependent on other animals for survival. Thus,
    man kills and steals to live.
     Argues that intelligence is largely determined
    genetically, that ancestry determines IQ, and that
    low intelligence, as demonstrated by low IQ, is
    linked to criminal behavior.
     a theory stating that intelligence must be viewed as partly
    biological but primarily sociological.

     Nurture theorists discredited the notion that persons


    commit crimes because they have low IQs.

     Instead, they postulated that environmental stimulation


    from parents, relatives, social contacts, schools, peer
    groups, and innumerable others create a child’s IQ level
    and that low IQs result from an environment that also
    encourages delinquent and criminal behavior.

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