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CIT 2211-Introduction To Computer Graphics PRINT READY

This document contains instructions and questions for an exam on computer graphics. It covers topics such as computer graphics definitions, input and output devices, color models, 2D and 3D transformations, raster graphics concepts, animation, and computer graphics standards and algorithms. Students are asked to attempt questions that test their understanding of foundational graphics concepts and their ability to explain and apply common graphics techniques.

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53 views3 pages

CIT 2211-Introduction To Computer Graphics PRINT READY

This document contains instructions and questions for an exam on computer graphics. It covers topics such as computer graphics definitions, input and output devices, color models, 2D and 3D transformations, raster graphics concepts, animation, and computer graphics standards and algorithms. Students are asked to attempt questions that test their understanding of foundational graphics concepts and their ability to explain and apply common graphics techniques.

Uploaded by

Derick cheruyot
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEDAN KIMATHI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2016/2017

SECOND YEAR SPECIAL/ SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE


OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
SYSTEMS/GEGIS

CIT 2211: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS

DATE: 7th MARCH, 2017 TIME: 8.30-10.30AM


______________________________________________________________________________

INSTRUCTIONS
Attempt question one and any other two questions

QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS)

a) Define Computer graphics. [2 marks]


b) Name any four input devices [2 marks]
c) (i) List any three applications of computer graphics. [3 marks]
(ii) What is your understanding of the term refreshing of the screen? [2 marks]

d) A GLUT initialization function may contain the following request statement.

glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);

(i) Why is this function referred to as a “request” function? [1 mark]


(ii) Describe the parameters being initialized in the function. [2 marks]
(iii) Suggest an alternative entry to the parameter GLUT_SINGLE. [1 mark]
(iv) What will this new entry represent? [1 mark]
e) Using examples, describe how the impact and the non-impact printers contrast
[4 marks]
f) Consider three different raster systems with resolutions of 640 x 480, 1280 x 1024,
and 2560 x 2048.
i) What size is frame buffer (in bytes) for each of these systems to store 12 bits
per pixel? [3 marks]
ii) How much storage (in bytes) is required for each system if 24 bits per pixel are to be
stored? [2 marks]
g) Describe the following transformation techniques
i) Rotation [2 mark]
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ii) Scaling [2 mark]
iii) Shearing [2 mark]
h) Define scan conversion. [1 mark]

QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS)


a) Consider two raster systems with the resolutions of 640 x 480 and 1280 x 1024.
i) How many pixels could be accessed per second in each of these systems by a display
controller that refreshes the screen at a rate of 60 frames per second? [3 marks]
ii) What is the access time per pixel in each system? [3 marks]
b) Describe scan conversion. [2 marks]
c) RGB is one of the colour modes. Discuss [2 marks]
d) What are advantages and disadvantages of DVST over CRT? [4 marks]
e) A line is one of the output primitives in computer graphics. Describe its attributes.
[2 marks]
f) List any two graphics software standards [2 marks]
g) Define resolution. [2 marks]

QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)


a) Explain the differences between a general graphics system designed for a programmer and
one designed for a specific application, such as architectural design. [4 marks]
b) Show that a rotation about the origin is
x’ = x cos θ – y sin θ
y’ = x sin θ + y cos θ [4 marks]
c) Explain the purpose of the following OpenGL statements; [4 marks]
(i) GL_LINES
(ii) GL_LOOP
(iii) GLdouble
(iv) GL_RGB
d) OpenGL uses the following color statements for colour manipulations;
glClearColor(a,b,c,d);
glColor3f(e,f,g);
(i) State the difference in application of these two statements [2 marks]
(ii) What is the function of the parameter d as used in the first statement above?
(iii) Give the minimum and maximum values valid for the parameters a through g
[2 marks]
e) Describe computer graphics animation. [2 mark]
f) Explain these terms.
i) Resolution [1mark]
ii) Aspect Ratio [1mark]

QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)


a) Explain any two the merits and any two demerits of Plasma panel display.[4 marks]
b) List any two differences between a Random scan display and a Raster scan display
[2 marks]
c) List any three uses of chromaticity diagram. [3 marks]
d) What are the three methods of motion specifications? [3 marks]
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e) Explain refresh buffer/frame buffer. [2 marks]
f) Distinguish between window port & view port. [2 marks]
g) Name the steps involved in 3D transformation [4 marks]

QUESTION FIVE (20 MARKS)


a) Consider a raster system with the resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels and the color palette calls for
65,536 colors. What is the minimum amount of video RAM that the computer must have to
support the above-mentioned resolution and number of colors? [6 marks]
b) Briefly describe an Output Primitive. [2 marks]
c) (i) Explain DDA algorithm. [2 marks]
(ii) What are the disadvantages of DDA algorithm? [2 marks]
(iii) Use incremental DDA algorithm to give the second two points from A (3,2) to B (12,11)
[5 marks]
d) Name synonyms for Graphics controller and explain its purpose [3 marks]

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