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Chapter 5-Control Loops

The document discusses different types of loops in C programming: while loops, do-while loops, and for loops. It provides the syntax for each loop and explains their usage. While loops check the condition first and repeat the body if true. Do-while loops execute the body first and then check the condition, repeating at least once. For loops allow initialization, condition checking, and increment/decrement in one statement. Loops can be nested, with one loop placed inside another. Examples and flowcharts are provided to illustrate loop implementation.

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Falah Alkahteeb
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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15 views

Chapter 5-Control Loops

The document discusses different types of loops in C programming: while loops, do-while loops, and for loops. It provides the syntax for each loop and explains their usage. While loops check the condition first and repeat the body if true. Do-while loops execute the body first and then check the condition, repeating at least once. For loops allow initialization, condition checking, and increment/decrement in one statement. Loops can be nested, with one loop placed inside another. Examples and flowcharts are provided to illustrate loop implementation.

Uploaded by

Falah Alkahteeb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter Five

Control Loops
OBJECTIVES LEARNING OUTCOMES (LO)
7. Explain and apply the control 2. Write a C program, compile it,
structures use in C-programming link it, execute it and debug it.
such as if statement, if else 7. Implements Loop structures in
statement, switch statement, and C.
looping/iteration statements. 12. Recognize a program written
9. Capable of designing and in C.
implementing C programs to solve 13. Solve a simple real world
simple and complex problems problems by using programming
in C.
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•Loops are used in programs to repeat
the execution of a part of a program for a
number of times.

•There are 3 types of Loops in C


programs. These are:
1. while loop.
2. do while loop.
3. for loop.

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5.1 while Loop:
•It is useful when we don’t know in
advance how many times the loop will
repeat.
Syntax:
while ( condition)
{
Simple or Compound Statement;
}
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•First the condition is checked. If it is
true, then the body of loop is executed.
•After completing execution of the loop
once, again the condition will be checked.
If it is still true then again the body will be
executed.
•The loop will stop when the condition
becomes false. The program will continue
from the statement next to the loop body.
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•The condition must have an initial value
before the start of while loop.

•Also, within the body of the loop there


should be at least one statement that
makes changes on the condition.

•If the condition is false from the start,


the loop body will not execute at all.
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5.2 do while Loop:
Syntax:
do
{
Simple or Compound Statement;
} while ( condition);
• It will first execute the body of the loop.
Then it will test the condition. If the
condition is true, the body of the loop
will be executed again and so on.
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• When the condition becomes false the
loop will stop and the program continues
from the statement next to while
statement.
• The body of do while loop will execute at
least for one time.
• In many cases (but not all) the condition
must be given an initial value before the
start of do while loop.
• But always, within the body of the loop
there should be at least one statement
that makes changes on the condition. 13
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Example 7:
Draw the flowchart and write the
program that repeatedly inputs real
numbers and calculates their sum using
a do while loop.
The loop terminates when an input real
number is equal to zero.
The program prints the sum of these
numbers.

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5.3 for Loop:
Syntax:
for (initialization ; condition; increment /decrement )
{
Simple or Compound Statement;
}
The execution of for loop is performed according to
the following sequence:
1. The initialization statement is executed only for
one time at the start of the loop.
One or more variables (like the counter of the loop)
will be initialized to certain values. 20
2. The condition will be tested. If it is true the
body of the loop will be executed. If it is false,
the body of the loop will not be executed and
the loop will terminate.
3. The increment/decrement statement will
be executed after executing the body of the
loop. In this part one or more variables will be
incremented or decremented by certain
values.
After that again the program will return to
check the condition. If it is true, again the
body of the loop will be executed and so on. 21
Flowchart of for loop:

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5.4 Nesting of Loops:
Nesting of loops means one loop will be inside
another loop.
Example: nesting of two for loops:

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For each one count of the outer for loop, the inner
for loop will repeat its count from start up to end.

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