It's Grammar Time Is A Series of Four Grammar Books in Full: Key Features
It's Grammar Time Is A Series of Four Grammar Books in Full: Key Features
It's Grammar Time Is A Series of Four Grammar Books in Full: Key Features
Key Features
• clear, simple situational presentation of grammar
Components
Student’s Book
A2
Teacher’s Book
Test Booklet
Test Booklet CD-ROM
ISBN 978-1-4715-3805-6
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Contents
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Starter The verb to be – The verb have Unit 10 Present perfect – Present perfect vs
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got –this/these – that/those – Past simple ................................... p. 68
there is/there are – some/any –
Exploring Grammar v (Unit 10) ............. p. 74
Prepositions of place/movement/
time – Plurals –Pronouns – Revision v (Units 1-10) ............................ p. 75
Possessives – Possessive case –
Question Words ............................ p. 4
Unit 11 Future tenses ................................ p. 76
Unit 1 Present simple – Adverbs of
frequency – Present continuous – Unit 12 Conditionals – Types 0, 1 & 2 ....... p. 80
Present simple vs Present Exploring Grammar vi (Units 11-12) .... p. 84
continuous ................................... p. 16
Revision (Units 1-12) ................................ p. 85
Exploring Grammar i
(Starter – Unit 1) ..................... p. 26
Unit 13 Comparisons ................................. p. 86
Revision (Starter – Unit 1) ...................... p. 27
Unit 14 too – enough ................................ p. 83
Unit 15 Relative pronouns/adverbs – Relative
Unit 2 Past simple (regular and irregular
clauses .......................................... p. 94
verbs) ............................................ p. 28
Exploring Grammar vii (Units 13-15) ... p. 98
Unit 3 used to .......................................... p. 32
Revision (Units 1-15) ................................ p. 99
Unit 4 Adjectives – Order of adjectives .... p. 34
Exploring Grammar ii (Units 2-4) .......... p. 36
Unit 16 Passive voice ................................. p.100
Revision (Units 1-4) .................................. p. 37
Unit 17 Question tags ............................... p.104
Unit 18 Reflexive/Emphatic pronouns ........ p.106
Unit 5 Past continuous – Past simple vs Past
continuous ................................... p. 38 Unit 19 some/any/no/every & compounds ... p.108
Unit 6 Adverbs – Order of adverbs ........... p. 46 Exploring Grammar viii (Units 16-19) .. p.110
Exploring Grammar iii (Units 5-6) ......... p. 48 Revision (Units 1-19) ................................ p.111
Revision (Units 1-6) .................................. p. 49
Further Practice Material
Unit 7 Countable/Uncountable nouns – Revision of tenses ....................................... p.112
a/an – some/any/no – every – Multiple choice questions ........................... p.114
The definite article “the” –
Quantifiers .................................... p. 50 Multiple choice cloze texts ......................... p.117
Unit 8 The infinitive/-ing form ................. p. 58 Open cloze texts .......................................... p.119
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Past simple vs Past continuous
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A B C
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It was raining all day Last Friday, Brenda and Sarah were Yesterday, we did a history project in
yesterday, but working out at the gym all afternoon. class. The professor was helping
James and Kim visited the Eiffel When they finished, they had a Sarah while she was doing the
Tower. shower and then went out for coffee. exercise.
D E F
He was running when he fell He always played basketball It was a lovely day.
and sprained his ankle. when he was a child. The sun was shining and a soft wind
He was playing basketball was blowing.
yesterday at 6 o’clock. Wendy went trekking through the forest.
Use
We use the past simple for We use the past continuous for
• an action which was completed at a stated or • an action which was in progress at a stated time
implied time in the past. in the past. We do not know when the action
They bought a new house last week. (When? Last started or finished. At 2 o’ clock this afternoon, they
week.) were having lunch at an outdoor café. (We do not
know when they started or when they finished.)
• actions that happened immediately one after • two or more actions which were happening at
the other in the past. the same time in the past.
Tim woke up, had his breakfast and got ready for She was drinking coffee while her husband was
work. reading the newspaper.
• past habits. In this case we use adverbs of • a past action which was in progress when
frequency (always, often, usually, etc). another action interrupted it.
I often went camping when I was young. He was walking to work when he met a friend in the
street. (was walking – action in progress, met – action
which interrupted the action in progress)
• people who are no longer alive. • to give the background information in a story.
Charles Dickens wrote many children’s books. The wind was blowing and the sun was shining.
(Charles Dickens is dead.) It was a perfect day for windsurfing.
Time words/phrases used with the past simple: Time words/phrases used with the past continuous:
ago, yesterday, last month/week, in 1998, etc while, when, as, all day/night/morning, all day
yesterday, etc
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Past simple vs Past continuous
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14 Put the verbs in brackets into the past 16 Put the verbs in brackets into the past
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simple or the past continuous. Then match simple or the past continuous.
the sentences (1-7) to the correct
1 It was snowing (snow) heavily last night
description (a-g).
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when the car got (get) stuck.
2 Janet ............................. (find) someone’s
1 g As I was running (run) to catch the bus, I
wallet while she ............................. (sit) on
dropped (drop) my mobile phone.
the train yesterday.
2 We ............................... (arrive) at the
3 She ............................... (cycle) through
campsite ......................... (set up) our
the park when she ...................................
tent and .................. (build) a campfire.
(see) an old friend.
3 Elvis Presley ........................................
4 We .................................... (travel) on the
(sing) a lot of hit songs in his life.
motorway when we ...................................
4 I ......................................... (listen) to (hear) the traffic announcement.
music at 8 o’clock last night.
5 We ................................ (kick) the football
5 Joanne .......................... (set) the table around when Brian ...................................
while I .......................... (cook) dinner. (smash) the window of a parked car.
6 It was a cold and cloudless night. The 6 I ............................. (walk) to work when a
moon ........................... (glow) in the bus ................................ (drive) through a
sky as the wind .................................. puddle and ......................... (splash) me.
(howl) through the trees.
7 Shelley ................................ (send) the
job application last week.
17 What happened to the people when ...?
a actions which happened one after the Make sentences.
other in the past
1 Kim and Wendy/play/in the garden – start/
b to give background information to a rain
story/narrative
Kim and Wendy were playing in the garden
c two actions which were happening at the when it started to rain.
same time in the past
2 Angela/bake/a cake – burn/finger
d an action which was completed at a
................................................................
specific time in the past
................................................................
e to talk about people who are no longer
alive 3 Isabel/type up/report – computer/ crash
f an action which was in progress at a ................................................................
stated time in the past ................................................................
g an action which was in progress when 4 She/talk/on the phone – the battery/run out
another action interrupted it ................................................................
................................................................
Underline the correct item. 5 Robert/watch TV – fall asleep
15 ................................................................
1 Carrie forgot/was forgetting her umbrella ................................................................
and got/was getting soaked last night.
6 Mitchell/listen/music – doorbell/ring
2 They went/were going skiing every day
................................................................
last winter.
................................................................
3 Annie was wrapping/wrapped presents
while Justin was decorating/decorated 7 Brendan/run – sprain/his ankle
the tree. ................................................................
4 Carmen was clearing/cleared the table ................................................................
when she tripped/was tripping and 8 She/carry/some boxes – trip over/a cable
broke/was breaking all the dishes.
................................................................
5 We were watching/watched the fireworks
................................................................
display at 9 o’clock last night.
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Past simple vs Past continuous
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18 Underline the correct item. 21 Fill in: did/didn’t, was/wasn’t, were/weren’t.
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A A What 1) did you do/were you doing 1 A: How was your first day at your new job?
last night at 8 o’clock? B: It .............. great. I .............. expect to
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B: I 2) was having/had a bath, why? have as much fun as I .............. .
A: I 3) was calling called you when I got 2 A: .................... you buy some eggs?
home but you 4) weren’t answering/ B: I’m sorry, there .................... any left
didn’t answer. when I got to the shop.
B A: How 1) were you getting/did you get 3 A: I thought your friend ....................
so wet? coming with you.
B: The children in the neighbourhood 2) were B: He .................... feeling well so he
throwing/threw snowballs at each other stayed at home.
when I 3) passed/was passing by.
4 A: Where .................... Julian going when
A: 4) Did they hit/Were they hitting you? you saw him?
B No, I 5) slipped/was slipping and B: He .................... say but he .................
6) was falling/fell in the snow trying to in a hurry.
avoid them.
C A: The rain 1) was/was being really heavy
last night. 22 Read Carrie’s blog and put the verbs in
brackets into the past simple or the past
B: I know. It 2) was causing/caused some
flooding. continuous.
A: It also 3) was closing/closed some
roads. Hi bloggers!
D A: What time 1) were you going/did you I wanted to tell you about something that happened
go to bed last night? to me during my summer holidays.
B: At 10 o’clock, but the storm 2) woke/ I 1) spent (spend) my holidays with some friends in
was waking me up at midnight. Scotland. They 2) ...................... (take) me everywhere.
We 3) ......................... (go) hiking in the highlands,
19 Circle the mistake (A or B) then correct it. 4) .................... (tour) the museums and 5) ......................
1 I A was taking pictures when someone (explore) the castles. But the highlight of my stay
B was grabbing my camera. grabbed was a trip to Loch Ness.
2 Nina A carried a tray of drinks when Jody It was a lovely day. The sun 6) .......................... (shine)
B bumped into her. .................... and a cool breeze 7) ........................ (blow). We
3 Everyone A cheered when James B was 8) ......................... (choose) a nice spot next to the loch
scoring the winning basket. .................... to eat our picnic, hoping that we might catch a
4 I A was looking at the snowflakes falling as
glimpse of Nessie, the monster that lives in the loch.
we B drove along. .................... At one point, I 9) ........................... (see) something. I
10) ............................ (jump) up and 11) ............................
5 I A was turning on the TV and B saw the
news about the drought. ....................
(shout) to my friends but it 12) ...................... (turn) out
to be just a log. Even so, the whole day was magical.
Complete the sentences with your own Before we 13) ..................... (leave), we 14) .....................
20 (visit) the giſt shop and 15) ...................... (order)
ideas.
some coffee at the café overlooking the loch. As we
1 I was doing my homework when my best 16) ...................... (sit) there, I 17) ...................... (think) I
friend called me. saw something moving out in the water but when I
2 I was going home last night when ............. 18) ...................... (look) again the water was still.
................................................................ Whatever it was it 19) ...................... (disappear) too
3 I was surfing the Net while ........................ quickly, but I believe it was Nessie. I think she
................................................................ 20) ...................... (come) to say goodbye!
4 We were watching television when ............ What about you? Post a comment and tell me about
................................................................ something strange that you experienced.
5 I was shopping in town when ...................
................................................................
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Past simple vs Past continuous
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Speaking
23 Put the verbs in brackets into the past
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Look at the picture of some people on a
simple or the past continuous. Then,
boat tour of Loch Ness. In pairs, ask and
answer the questions based on the blog in
answer questions about what they were
Ex. 22.
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doing/did when Nessie appeared, as in the
1 What time of year did Carrie go (Carrie/go) example. Use the prompts to help you.
to Scotland?
She went to Scotland in summer.
2 Where .....................................................
(her friends/take) her while she was there?
................................................................
3 Where .....................................................
(they/eat) their picnic?
................................................................
4 How .................................. (Carrie/react)
when she saw the log?
................................................................
5 What ................................. (she/do) when
she .............................. (think) she saw
something moving in the water?
................................................................
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Adverbs – Order of adverbs
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Adverbs
An adverb can be one word slowly or a phrase in the
park. Adverbs usually describe verbs (talk slowly). They can
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also describe adjectives (quite nice) or even other adverbs
(very well).
Formation of Adverbs
• We usually form an adverb by adding -ly to the
adjective.
quick – quickly
Last summer I went whitewater rafting with my
• Adjectives ending in -le drop the -e and take -y.
best friend. I really enjoyed the thrill of being on
terrible – terribly the water. It’s a hard sport. You have to think
• Adjectives ending in a consonant + y, drop the -y and quickly and work as a team but it’s extremely
take -ily. happy – happily exciting! You always have to act carefully and
• Adjectives ending in -l take -ly. careful – carefully sensibly and if you do, you reduce the risks and
• Some adverbs, however, do not follow the above rules. you can enjoy the river safely.
Adverbs of
manner He drives carefully. (How does he drive? Carefully.)
place Your bag is here. (Where is it? Here.)
time I went to the cinema yesterday. (When did you go to the cinema? Yesterday.)
frequency They sometimes go fishing at the weekend. (How often do they go fishing? Sometimes.)
degree She is extremely polite. (The adverb extremely shows to what extent (extremely) she is polite.)
Order of Adverbs
Adverbs of manner (carefully, nicely, etc) go: Adverbs of degree [(not) quite (✓), very/really (✓✓),
• before main verbs. extremely (✓✓✓), etc] go:
She easily passed the exam. • before adjectives.
• after auxiliary verbs. Mary is quite shy. (✓)
He was anxiously waiting for her letter. She is very/really good. (✓✓)
• at the end of a sentence. Brenda is extremely good at ballet dancing. (✓✓✓)
It was raining heavily. Note: When there are two or more adverbs in the same
sentence, they usually come in the following order:
Adverbs of frequency (always, usually,
sometimes, never, etc) go: manner place time
• after the verb to be. He worked hard in the garden yesterday.
She is never late for class.
• after the auxiliary verbs. If there is a verb of movement (go, come, leave, etc) in the
She doesn’t usually get up early at weekends. sentence, then the adverbs come in the following order:
• before main verbs. place manner time
He often walks to college. She goes to work by bus every day.
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Adverbs – Order of adverbs
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1 Look at the picture and the words in bold on p. 46. a) What do the adverbs in bold express?
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b) How do we form adverbs? c) Where can adverbs appear within a sentence?
2 Put the words from the list into the correct 5 Turn each adjective into an adverb and put
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box. it into the correct sentence in the correct
place.
• loud • carefully • hard • slowly • happily
• fast • bad • successful • well • quick • usual • extreme • frantic • eventual
• late • beautiful • thirsty • early • joyfully • graceful • serious • short
quickly, ............................................
manner Underline the correct words.
........................................................ 6
........................................................
place
........................................................
........................................................ Dear Peter,
time
........................................................ How are you? I’m having a 1) great/greatly time
........................................................ here. We’re staying in a 2) delightful/delightfully
frequency little hotel near the old town. There are so many
........................................................
3) amazing/amazingly sights to see that we don’t
........................................................
degree have enough time. I could 4) happy/happily stay
........................................................
here for two more weeks. We are 5) real/really
lucky that the weather is so 6) good/well and the
Underline the correct item. forecast is 7) fair/fairly for the rest of our holiday.
4 I’m taking lots of 8) nice/nicely pictures to show
1 It is important to be honest/honestly and you.
tell the truth. See you when I get back,
2 The dog was lying lazily/lazy in front of the Josie
fire.
3 Julie did very good/well on the end-of-year
exam. Speaking
4 Grant plays the piano so beautifully/ In pairs, tell your partner about things you
beautiful that I can listen to him for hours. and your friends do. Use the prompts
5 The rain started so sudden/suddenly that below and appropriate adverbs.
everyone got soaked.
• eat food • dance • walk to college
6 I was late/lately leaving the house and
• wake up • sing • run
missed the start of the film.
7 We had a wonderfully/wonderful holiday I eat my food quite quickly. My friend usually
in the south of France. walks to college in the morning.
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Exploring Grammar (Units 5 – 6)
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Past simple vs Past continuous
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1 a) Read the text below. Underline the 2 Fill in the gaps with when, while/as.
verbs in the past simple and circle the
1 We were eating dinner ............ there was a
verbs in the past continuous. knock at the door.
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2 The mechanics repaired my car ............ I
b) Which past simple verbs are regular (R)? was waiting.
Which are irregular (I)? 3 We were picking up litter ............ other
volunteers were cleaning graffiti off the park
c) How do we form the negative and buildings.
interrogative of the past simple and the 4 The police were directing the cars ............
past continuous? the traffic lights stopped working.
5 ............ I was waiting at the bus stop, a
1) Last summer, I decided to do some voluntary friend drove by and offered me a lift to
work overseas before starting my university work.
degree. I thought I was signing up for a kind of
working holiday. I was in for a shock, though. 3 Put the verbs in brackets into the past
I was one of a group of volunteers that travelled to a simple or the past continuous.
little village in the north of Africa. 2) The whole
1 .......................... (you/take) lots of photos
village was waiting for us when we arrived that first
when you .......................... (go) to Niagara
morning because they needed us to build them a
Falls?
school. And when I say build it, I mean actually
2 She ............................. (peel) the apples,
build it from the bottom up. 3) We poured cement
............................... (slice) them and then
to make the foundations, built the frame on top of
....................... (cover) them in sugar.
that, put up the walls and fitted the roof. We didn’t
do the electricity or the plumbing, as they got 3 Who .......................... (you/talk) to when I
professionals from the next village for that, but we ................................ (see) you outside the
did everything else. supermarket?
4) While I was working on the school, I was staying 4 Where .......................... (you/live) when
with the local teacher and his family. They made you .......................... (be) a child?
me feel welcome and the home-cooked food was 5 Evan ........................ (cut) the grass while
delicious. The whole experience was very hard work Julie ....................... (plant) some flowers
but rewarding and it wasn’t all work and no play. yesterday afternoon.
Every Saturday, the children organised a football
game and the whole village had a huge celebration Adverbs
for us in the main square before we left. 4 a) Highlight the adverbs in the text. How
I didn’t want to leave. I had such a great time that I do we form adverbs?
signed up for the program again. It was an
unforgettable experience! b) Which are adverbs of manner, place and
time?
d) Read the text again. Match the phrases c) Where do adverbs appear in the
in bold (1-4) to their uses (A-D). Which sentence?
other uses of the past simple and the past d) Underline the correct word.
continuous do you know?
1 Sue was working late/lately last night to
A actions that happened immediately one finish her report.
after the other in the past 2 The head tutor warm/warmly welcomed all
B an action which was in progress at a the first year students to the college.
stated time in the past 3 Annabel wasn’t feeling good/well so she
C an action which happened at a went home early.
particular time in the past 4 It doesn’t usual/usually rain so much this
D two or more actions which were time of year.
happening at the same time in the past 5 She hard/hardly ate a thing at dinner last
night.
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Revision (Units 1 – 6)
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1 Choose the correct item.
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1 He ..... when I called yesterday so I left a 19 We ..... have a dishwasher in our old house.
message. A didn’t use to B did not used to
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A slept B is sleeping C don’t use to
C was sleeping 20 I bought a(n) ..... table from the antique shop.
2 We left the house, walked down the street A round, old, wooden
and ..... Edmund waiting for us. B old, round, wooden
A see B were seeing C wooden, old, round
C saw 21 He ..... kicked the ball after it broke his pot.
3 What ..... Albert doing outside the cinema A angry B angrily C very angry
yesterday afternoon? 22 She was opening the door when she ..... a
A were B is C was strange noise.
4 We all ..... to go away this summer. A was hearing B hear C heard
A want B wants C wanted 23 Annie was mopping the floor while Jimmy
5 “Why .....?” “I was cutting onions!” ..... the furniture.
A you cry B are you crying A was dusting B dusted
C you crying C used to dust
6 ..... time does the next train leave? 24 Can you believe this vase ..... during the
A What B Which C How earthquake?
7 Where did you ..... go to school when you A didn’t move B don’t move
were little? C doesn’t move
A use to B used to C used 25 William ..... me a lift to work in the morning.
8 The car rolled ..... the hill because the A is giving B give C gives
brake was off.
A through B past C down
9 I always take lots of ..... on holiday.
A photoes B photo C photos
10 Look at ..... cute lambs over there.
Grammar in Focus
A these B this C those Complete the gaps with the correct word,
11 I ..... dinner at 6 o’clock yesterday evening. choose the correct word or put the words
A was having B had C have in brackets into the correct form.
12 ..... neighbours invited us to a barbecue. A Earthquakes are a destructive force of nature.
A Our B Ours C Us 1) ................ April 1st 2014, an earthquake
13 During the storm last night, a tree ..... and 2) ................ (rock) the coast of northern
blocked the road. Chile. 3) ................ caused landslides and
A was falling B fell C falls tsunamis. But this 4) ................ (not/be) the
first time the Chileans felt the earth move.
14 My roommate ..... borrowing my things
They 5) ......................... (regular) experience
without asking.
earthquakes. In fact, the country holds the
A are always B always is C is always
record for the largest earthquake measuring
15 I just got a(n) ..... kitten from the pet shop. 9.5 6) which/when happened in 1960.
A little, adorable, white B Volcanoes don’t just cause problems on the
B white, little, adorable ground. 1) ............................... 2010, a huge
C adorable, little, white volcanic eruption in Iceland brought chaos
16 Tour buses are a ..... good way to see a city. across the skies of Europe 2) while/when a
A extremely B very C quite giant ash cloud disrupted air traffic.
Thousands of people across the continent
17 We moved into our new house a month ..... .
who 3) .............................. (plan) to fly found
A ago B before C last
their flights cancelled. Volcanic ash is
18 Aileen was blowing up balloons while the 4) ................ (extreme) hazardous to plane
other girls ..... decorations. engines. It can damage 5) ..................... in
A were making B made C makes mid-air making it 6) ................ (danger) to fly.
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