Quantitative Aptitude - Geometry - Formulas E - Book

Quantitative Aptitude – Geometry – Formulas E - book
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Quantitative Aptitude – Geometry – Formulas
Introduction to Quantitative Aptitude:
Quantitative Aptitude is an important section in the employment-related competitive exams in India.

Quantitative Aptitude Section is one of the key sections in recruitment exams in India including but not
limited to Banking, Railways, and Staff Selection Commission, Insurance, Teaching, UPSC and many
others. The Quantitative Aptitude section has questions related to Profit and Loss, Percentage and
Discount, Simple Equations, Time and Work and Quadratic Equations, Geometry etc.
Geometry – Important Terms:
1. What is Geometry?
 Geometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with shape, size, relative position of figures, and
the properties of space. It emerges independently in number of early cultures as a practical way
of dealing with lengths, area and volumes.
 Geometry can be divided into two different types: Plane Geometry and Solid Geometry. The
Plane Geometry deals with shapes such as circles, triangles, rectangles, square and more.
Whereas, the Solid Geometry is concerned in calculating the length, perimeter, area and volume
of various geometric figures and shapes. And are also used to calculate the arc length and radius
etc.
2. What is Angle?
 Angle is formed when two rays intersect i.e. half-lines projected with a common endpoint. The
corner points of angle is known as the vertex of the angle and the rays as the sides, i.e. the lines
are known as the arms. It is defined as the measure of turn between the two lines. The unit of
angle is radians or degrees. There are different types of formulas for angles some of them are
double-angle formula, half angle formula, compound angle formula, interior angle formula etc.
3. What is Area?
 Area is the size of a two-dimensional surface. It is defined as the amount of two-dimensional space
occupied by an object. Area formulas have many practical applications in building, farming,
architecture, science. The area of a shape can be determined by placing the shape over a grid and
counting the number of squares that covers the entire space. For example, area of square can be
calculated using a2 where, a is the length of its side.
4. What is Volume?
 The volume of an object is the amount of space occupied by the object, which is three dimensional
in shape. It is usually measured in terms of cubic units.
5. What is Midpoint?
 Midpoint formula is used to find the center point of a straight line. Sometimes you will need to
find the number that is half of two particular numbers. For that, you find the average of the two
numbers. In that similar fashion, we use the midpoint formula in coordinate geometry to find the
halfway number (i.e. point) of two coordinates.
6. What is Vertex?
 In geometry, a vertex is a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet. As a consequence
of this definition, the point where two lines meets to form an angle and the corners of polygons
and polyhedral are vertices.
7. What is Triangle?
 A triangle is a polygon with three edges and three vertices. It is one of the basic shapes in
geometry. A triangle with vertices A, B, and C. The length of the sides of a triangle may be same
or different. If all the 3 sides of a triangle are equal, then it is an equilateral triangle.
8. What is Rectangle?
 Rectangle formulas include the formula for area, perimeter, and diagonal of a rectangle. To recall,
a rectangle is a four sided polygon and the length of the opposite sides are equal. A rectangle is
also called as an equiangular quadrilateral, as all the angles of a rectangle are right angled. A
rectangle is a parallelogram with right angles in it. When the four sides of a rectangle are equal,
then it is called a square.
9. What is Circle?
 Circle is a particular shape and defined as the set of points in a plane placed at equal distance from
a single point called the center of the circle. We use the circle formula to calculate the area,
diameter, and circumference of a circle. The length between any point on the circle and its center
is known as its radius.
10. What is parabola?
 A set of points on a plain surface that forms a curve such that any point on the curve is at
equidistant from the focus is a parabola. One of the properties of parabolas is they are made of a
material that reflects light that travels parallel to the axis of symmetry of a parabola and strikes
its concave side which is reflected its focus. It divides the graph into two equal parts.
11. What is Cylinder?
 The volume of a cylinder is the density of the cylinder which signifies the amount of material it
can carry or how much amount of any material can be immersed in it. It is given by the formula,
πr2h, where r is the radius of the circular base and h is the height of the cylinder.
12. What is Pyramid?
 A polyhedron that has a polygonal base and triangles for sides is a pyramid. The three main parts
of any pyramid’s: apex, face and base. The base of a pyramid may be of any shape. Faces usually
take the shape of an isosceles triangle. All the triangle meets at a point on the top of the pyramid
that is called “Apex”.
13. What is Sphere?
 A perfectly symmetrical 3 – Dimensional circular shaped object is a Sphere. The line that connects
from the center to the boundary is called radius of the square. You will find a point equidistant
from any point on the surface of a sphere. The longest straight line that passes through the center
of the sphere is called the diameter of the sphere. It is twice the length of the radius of the sphere.
14. What is Axis of symmetry?
 Axis of symmetry is a line that divides an object into two equal halves, thereby creating a mirror
like reflection of either side of the object. The word symmetry implies balance. Symmetry can be
applied to various contexts and situations.
15. What is Hexagon?
 A polygon is a two-dimensional (2-D) closed figure made up of straight line segments. In geometry,
hexagon is a polygon with 6 sides. If the lengths of all the sides and the measurement of all the
angles are equal, such hexagon is called a regular hexagon. In other words, sides of a regular
hexagon are congruent.
16. What is Polygon?
 Polygon is a word derived from The Greek language, where poly means many and gonna means
angle. So we can say that in a plane, closed figure with many angles is called a polygon.
17. What is Rotation?
 Think of a compass and draw a circle, the point where you put the pin to rotate the compass to
draw the circle, is the point which is called as a “centre of rotation”. The rotation turns the circle
through an angle. Rotation can be done clockwise as well as counter clockwise. The most common
rotation angles are 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees etc.
18. What is Cyclic quadrilateral?
 A quadrilateral whose vertices lie on a single circle is called cyclic quadrilateral. This circle is
called the circum circle, and the vertices are known to be con cyclic.
19. What is perimeter?
 A perimeter means the distance of the boundary of a two dimensional shape. Also defined as the
total sum of the length of all the sides of the object.
20. What is Surface area?
 Surface area formulas in geometry refer to the lateral surface and total surface areas of different
geometrical objects. To recall, the surface area of an object is the total area of the outside surfaces
of the three-dimensional object i.e., the total sum of the area of the faces of the object.
21. What is Equation of a Line?
 An equation of a line can be expressed in many ways – Slope Intercept, Standard or Point-Slope.
Here we will discuss Point-Slope Equation of a Line.
22. What is Slope?
 The slope formula is used to calculate the steepness or the incline of a line. The x and y
coordinates of the lines are used to calculate the slope of the lines. It is the ratio of the change in
the y-axis to the change in the x-axis.
23. What is Tangent line?
 The line that touches the curve at a point called the point of tangency is a tangent line.
24. What is Square?
 Square is a regular quadrilateral. All the four sides and angles of a square are equal. The four
angles are 90 degrees each, that is, right angles.
25. What is Octagon?
 A polygon is a two-dimensional (2-D) closed figure made up of straight line segments. In

geometry, the octagon is a polygon with 8 sides. If the lengths of all the sides and the
measurement of all the angles are equal, the octagon is called a regular octagon.
26. What is Ellipse?
 In geometry, an ellipse is described as a curve on a plane that surrounds two focal points such
that the sum of the distances to the two focal points is constant for every point on the curve. In
the following figure, F1 and F2 are called the foci of the ellipse.
27. What is Hyperbola?
 In simple sense, hyperbola looks similar to mirrored parabolas. The two halves are called the
branches. When the plane intersects on the halves of a right circular cone angle of which will be
parallel to the axis of the cone, a parabola is formed. A hyperbola contains: two foci and two
vertices.
28. What is Cone?
 Cone is a three-dimensional structure having a circular base where a set of line segments,
connecting all of the points on the base to a common point called apex. There is a predefined set
of formulas for the calculation of curved surface area and total surface area of a cone which is
collectively called as cone formula.
29. What is prism?
 A polyhedron with two polygonal bases parallel to each other is a prism. In optics, the prism is
the transparent optical element with flat polished surfaces that refract light.
30. What is Rate of Change?
 The dictionary meaning of slope is a gradient, pitch or inclines. This formula is used to measure
the steepness of a straight line.
31. What is Parallelogram?
 A geometric shape with two similar opposite sides and equal opposite angles is a parallelogram.
This is termed a parallelogram when the image is two dimensional and if the image is three
dimensional, then it is termed as parallelepiped.
32. What is Great Circle?
 The largest circle that can be drawn on the sphere surface is the great circle. The shortest
distance between any two points on the sphere surface is the Great Circle distance.
33. What is The Distance?
 In analytic geometry, the distance between two points of the xy-plane can be found using the
distance formula. Distance Formula is used to calculate the distance between two points.
34. What is Tangential Quadrilateral?
 In geometry, the tangential quadrilateral is a convex quadrilateral whose sides are all tangent to a
single circle within the quadrilateral. This circle is called the in circle of the quadrilateral or its
inscribed circle, its center is the in center and its radius is called the in radius.
35. What is Asymptote?
 Asymptote is defined as a line which is tangent to a curve at infinity. There are two types of
asymptote: one is horizontal and other is vertical. Below mentioned is asymptote formula.
FORMULA 1 - ANGLE:
𝐴 𝑟𝑐 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑋 360
i. Central Angle Formula = Angle 2𝜋 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠
Formula for Central Angle s=rθ
Where, s represents the arc length,
S = rθ represents the central angle in radians and r is the length of the radius.
ii. Formula for Double Angle
cos (2a) = cos2(a)–sin2(a)=2cos2(a)−1=1−2sin2(a)
sin (2a) = 2sin(a) cos(a)

2tan(a)
tan (2a) = 1−tan2(a)
FORMULA 2 - AREA:
Figures Area Formula Variables
Area of Area = l × w l = length

Rectangle w = width
Area of Square Area = a2 a = sides of square
1
Area of a Triangle Area = 2bh b = base
h = height
Area of a Circle Area = πr2 r= radius of circle
1
Area of a Trapezoid Area = 2 (a + b)h a =base 1
b = base 2
h = vertical height
Area of Ellipse Area = πab a = radius of major axis

b = area of minor axis
FORMULA 3 - VOLUME:
Shapes Volume Formula Variables
Rectangular Solid or V=l×w×h l = Length,

Cuboid
w = Width,
h = Height
Cube V = a3 a = length of edge or side
Cylinder V = πr2h r = radius of the circular edge,

h = height
Prism V=B×h B = area of base, (B = side2 or

length. Breadth)
h = height
4
Sphere V = (3)πr3 r = radius of the sphere
1
Pyramid V = (3) × B × h B = area of the base,
h = height of the pyramid
1
Right Circular Cone V = (3)πr2h r = radius of the circular base,
h = height (base to tip)
1
Square or Rectangular V = (3) × l × w × h l = length of the base,
Pyramid
w = width of base,
h = height (base to tip)
4
Ellipsoid V = (3) × π × a × b × c a, b, c = semi-axes of ellipsoid
a3
Tetrahedron V = (6 √2) a = length of the edge
FORMULA 4 - MIDPOINT:
(x1 + x2) (y1 + y2)

(x, y) = [ , ]
2 2
FORMULA 5 - VERTEX:
−b 𝑏2
Vertex = (h, k) = ( 2𝑎 , c − )
4𝑎
FORMULA 6 - TRIANGLES:
i. Equilateral Triangles
The Equilateral Triangles have the following properties (in addition to the properties above for all
triangles):
 Three straight sides of equal length

 Three angles, all equal to 60°
 Three lines of symmetry
ii. Isosceles Triangles:
The Isosceles Triangles have the following properties:
 Two sides of equal length

 Two equal angles

 One line of symmetry
iii. Scalene Triangle
Scalene triangles have the following properties
 No sides of equal length

 No equal angles
 No lines of symmetry
iv. Acute triangles
Acute triangles have all acute angles (angles less than 90°). It is possible to have an acute triangle which
is also an isosceles triangle – these are called acute isosceles triangles.
v. Right triangles
The Right Triangles (right-angled triangles) have one right angle (equal to 90°).It is possible to have a
right isosceles triangle – a triangle with a right angle and two equal sides.
vi. Obtuse triangles
Obtuse triangles have one obtuse angle (angle which is greater than 90°). It is possible to have a obtuse
isosceles triangle – a triangle with an obtuse angle and two equal sides.
The Triangle Formula are given below as,
 Perimeter of a triangle = a + b + c
1
 Area of a triangle = 2 bh
Where,
b is the base of the triangle.
h is the height of the triangle.
If only 2 sides and an internal angle are given, then the remaining sides and angles can be calculated
using the below formula:
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= asinB =
asinA asinC
FORMULA 7 - RECTANGLE:
Rectangle Formulas
Perimeter of a Rectangle Formula P = 2 (l + b)
Area of a Rectangle Formula A=l×b
Diagonal of a Rectangle Formula D = √ l2+b2
FORMULA 8 - CIRCLE:
Circle Formulas
Diameter of a Circle D=2×r
Circumference of a Circle C=2×π×r
Area of a Circle A = π × r2
FORMULAS 9 - PARABOLA:
−b 4𝑎𝑐− 𝑏2
 Vertex of the parabola = ,
2𝑎 4𝑎
−b 4𝑎𝑐− 𝑏2 +1
 Focus of the parabola = ( 2𝑎 , )
4𝑎
4𝑎𝑐− 𝑏2 +1
 Direction of the parabola = 4𝑎
FORMULAS 10 - CYLINDER:
 Volume of Hollow Cylinder: V = πh (r12 – r22)

 Surface Area of Cylinder: A = 2πr2 + 2πrh
FORMULA 11 - PYRAMID:
The formula for finding the volume and surface area of the pyramid is given as,
Surface of a pyramid = Base Area

1
+ 2 (Number of Base Sides X Slant Height X Base Length)
1
Volume of a pyramid = 2 X Base Area X Height
i. Square Pyramid
 Base Area of a Square Pyramid = b2
 Surface Area of a Square Pyramid = 2bs + b2
1
 Volume Area of a Square Pyramid = 3 𝑏 2 h
Where,
b – base length of the square pyramid.
s – Slant height of the square pyramid.
h – Height of the square pyramid.
ii. Triangular pyramid

1
 Base Area of a Triangular pyramid = ab
2
1 3
 Surface Area of a Triangular pyramid = ab + bs
2 2
1
 Volume Area of a Triangular pyramid = abh
2
Where,
a – Apothem length of the triangular pyramid.
b – Base length of the triangular pyramid.
s – Slant height of the triangular pyramid.
h – Height of the triangular pyramid.
iii. Pentagonal pyramid

5
 Base Area of a Pentagonal pyramid = ab
2
5 5
 Surface Area of a Pentagonal pyramid = ab + bs
2 2
5
 Volume Area of a Pentagonal pyramid = abh
6
Where,
a – Apothem length of the pentagonal pyramid.
b – Base length of the pentagonal pyramid.
s – Slant height of the pentagonal pyramid.
h – Height of the pentagonal pyramid.
iv. Hexagonal pyramid

 Base Area of a Hexagonal pyramid = 3ab

 Surface Area of a Hexagonal pyramid = 3ab + 3bs
 Volume Area of a Hexagonal pyramid = abh
Where,
a – Apothem length of the hexagonal pyramid.
b – Base length of the hexagonal pyramid.
s – Slant height of the hexagonal pyramid.
h – Height of the hexagonal pyramid.
FORMULA 12 - SPHERE:
Sphere Formulas
Diameter of a Sphere D=2r
Circumference of a Sphere C=2πr
Surface Area of a Sphere A = 4 π r2
Volume of a Sphere V = (4 ⁄ 3) π r3
FORMULA 13 - AXIS OF SYMMETRY:

−𝑏
X= for Quandratic Equation, y = ax2 + bx +c
2𝑎
Where,
a and b are coefficients of x2 and x respectively.
c is a constant term.
FORMULA 14 - HEXAGON:
Formula for area of a hexagon: Area of a hexagon is defined as the region occupied inside the boundary
of a hexagon.
In order to calculate the area of a hexagon, we divide it into small six isosceles triangles. Calculate the
area of one of the triangles and then we can multiply by 6 to find the total area of the polygon.
Perimeter of an Hexagon = 6a
3√3
Area of an Hexagon = × a2
2
FORMULA 15 - POLYGON:
1 3600
Polygon formula to find area: Area of regular Polygon = 2n sin ( ) s2
𝑛
Polygon formula to find interior angles: Interior angle of a regular Polygon = (n - 2) 1800
Polygon formula to find the triangles: (n - 2)
Where, n is the number of sides and S is the length from center to corner.
FORMULA 16 - ROTATION:
Rotation 900 : R 900 (x, y) = (- y, x)
Rotation 1800 : R1800 (x,y) = (-x,-y)
Rotation 900 : R 2700 (x,y) = (y,-x)
FORMULA 17 - CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL:
The formula for the area of a cyclic quadrilateral is:

√ (s−a) (s−b) (s−c) (s−d)
Where “s” is called the semi-perimeter,
a + b +c + d
s= 2
FORMULA 18 - PERIMETER:
Geometric Shape Perimeter Formula Metrics
Parallelogram 2(Base + Height)
Triangle A+b+c a , b and c being the side

lengths
Rectangle 2(Length + Width)
Square 4a a =Length of a side
Trapezoid a +b+c+d A, b, c, d being the sides of the

trapezoid
Kite 2a + 2b a = Length of first pair
b = Length of second pair
Rhombus 4xa a = Length of a side
Hexagon 6xa a = Length of a side
FORMULA 19 - SURFACE AREA:
Shape Lateral Surface Area (LSA) Total Surface Area (TSA)

Cuboid 2h(l + b) 2(lb + bh + lh)
Cube 4a2 6a2
Right Prism Base perimeter × Height LSA + 2 (area of one end)
Right Circular Cylinder 2πrh 2πr(r + h)
Right Pyramid Perimeter of base × Slant Height LSA + Area of Base
Right Circular Cone πrl πr(l + r)
Solid Sphere 4πr2
Hemisphere ½ × 4 × πr2 3πr2
FORMULA 20 - EQUATION OF A LINE:
y – y1 = m (x – x1)
Where,
m is the slope of the line.
x1 is the co-ordinate of x-axis.
y1 is the co-ordinate of y-axis
FORMULA 21 - SLOPE:
𝑦 −𝑦
m = 𝑥2 −𝑥1
2 1
Where m is the slope of the line.
x1, x2 are the coordinates of x-axis and
y1, y2 are the coordinates of y-axis
FORMULA 22 - TANGENT LINE:
Y – f (a) = m (x – a)
Where,
f (a) is the value of the curve function at a point ‘a ‘
m is the value of the derivative of the curve function at a point ‘a ‘
FORMULA 23 - Square:
Area of a Square=a2
Perimeter of a Square = 4a
Diagonal of a Square = a√2
Where ‘a’ is the length of a side of the square.
FORMULA 24 - OCTAGON:
Formulas for Octagon
Area of an Octagon 2a2(1+√2)
Perimeter of an 8a
Octagon
FORMULA 25 - ELLIPSE:
Area of the Ellipse = πr1r2
𝑟12 + 𝑟22
Perimeter of the Ellipse =2 π√ 2
Where,
r1 is the semi major axis of the ellipse.
r2 is the semi minor axis of the ellipse.
FORMULA 26 - HYPERBOLA:
(x−𝑥0 )2 (y−𝑦0 )2
- =1
𝑎2 𝑎2
Where,
x0,y0 are the center points.
a = semi-major axis.
b = semi-minor axis.
DirectX of a hyperbola:
±a2
X=
√a2+ b2
FORMULAS 27 - CONE:
Curved surface area of a cone = πrl

Total surface area of a cone = πr (l + r)
l = √ℎ2 + 𝑟 2
Where, r is the base radius, h is the height and l is the slant height of the cone.
FORMULAS 28 - PRISM:
The Prism Formula in general is given as,
Surface Area of a Prism = (2X Base Area) + Lateral Surface Area
Volume of Prism = Base Area X Height

Rectangular prism:
 Base Area of a Rectangular prism: bl

 Surface Area of a Rectangular prism = 2(bl + lh + hb)
 Volume of a Rectangular prism = lbh
Where,
b – Base length of the rectangular prism.
l – Base width of the rectangular prism.
h – Height of the rectangular prism.
Triangular Prism:
 Base Area of a Triangular prism: 12ab

 Surface Area of a Triangular prism = ab + 3bh
1
 Volume of a Triangular prism = 2 𝑎bh
Where,
a – Apothem length of the triangular prism.
b – Base length of the triangular prism.
h – Height of the triangular prism.
Pentagonal Prism:
5
 Base Area of a Pentagonal prism: 2ab
 Surface Area of a Pentagonal prism = 5ab + 5bh
5
 Volume of a Pentagonal prism = 2 𝑎bh
Where,
a – Apothem length of the pentagonal prism.
b – Base length of the pentagonal prism.
h – Height of the pentagonal prism.
Hexagonal Prism:
 Base Area of a Hexagonal prism: 3ab

 Surface Area of a Hexagonal prism = 6ab + 6bh
 Volume of a Hexagonal prism = 3𝑎bh

Where,
a – Apothem length of the hexagonal prism.
b – Base length of the hexagonal prism.
h – Height of the hexagonal prism.
FORMULA 29 - RATE OF CHANGE:

𝑦 −𝑦
Rate of change = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
2 1
FORMULA 30 - PARALLELOGRAM:
The equation for area of a parallelogram is,
Area = b × h
The equation for perimeter of a parallelogram is,
Perimeter = 2(b + h)
Where b is the base and h is the height of a parallelogram
FORMULA 31 - GREAT CIRCLE:
FORMULA 32 - DISTANCE:
FORMULA 33 - TANGENTIAL QUADRILATERAL:
Let a convex quadrilateral with sides a, b, c, d, then the area of a Tangential quadrilateral is, a + c = b + d
Area = √abcd
Or the formula can also be written as
A = rs
Where,
r = radius of inscribed circle
s = semi-perimeter = (a + b + c + d)
QUICK LOOKS:
1. Perimeter of a Square = P = 4a
 Where a = Length of the sides of a Square
2. Perimeter of a Rectangle = P = 2(l+b)
 Where, l = Length; b = Breadth
3. Area of a Square = A = a2
 Where a = Length of the sides of a Square
4. Area of a Rectangle = A = l×b
 Where, l = Length; b = Breadth

5. Area of a Triangle = A = ½×b×h
 Where, b = base of the triangle; h = height of the triangle
6. Area of a Trapezoid = A = ½× (b1 + b2) ×h
 Where, b1 & b2 are the bases of the Trapezoid; h = height of the Trapezoid
7. Area of a Circle = A = π×r2
8. Circumference of a Circle = A = 2πr
 Where, r = Radius of the Circle
9. Surface Area of a Cube = S = 6a2
 Where, a = Length of the sides of a Cube
10. Surface Area of a Cylinder = S = 2πrh
11. Volume of a Cylinder = V = π r2h
 Where, r = Radius of the base of the Cylinder; h = Height of the Cylinder
12. Surface Area of a Cone = S = πr[r+√ (h2+r2)]
13. Volume of a Cone = V = ⅓×π r2h
 Where, r = Radius of the base of the Cone, h = Height of the Cone
14. Surface Area of a Sphere = S = 4πr2

𝟒
15. Volume of a Sphere = V = 𝟑×πr3
 Where, r = Radius of the Sphere
GEOMETRY TIPS & TRICKS
1. Point: Point has no dimensions like length, width, depth etc. and it lies at a location.
2. Line: line is a set of points arranged in straight path that infinity extends on both directions.
3. Parallel Line: Parallel lines are the lines that are parallel to each other and never intersect.
4. Parallel Lines and Transversals: In this, a set of parallel lines are intersected by one more straight line.
5. Circle: Circle is a set of points arranged in a loop such that all points are equidistant from the center.
EXAMPLES:
1. If ABC is an equilateral triangle and D is a point on BC such that AD is perpendicular to BC?
A. AB : BD = 1 : 1
B. AB : BD = 1 : 2
C. AB : BD = 2 : 1
D. AB : BD = 3 : 2
Answer: C
Explanation:
2. All sides of a quadrilateral ABCD touch a circle. If AB = 6 cm, BC = 7.5 cm, CD = 3 cm, then DA is?
A. 3.5 cm
B. 4.5 cm
C. 2.5 cm
D. 1.5 cm
Answer: D
Explanation:
3. Inside a square ABCD, triangle BEC is an equilateral triangle. If CE and BD intersect at O, then ∠BOC
is equal to?
A. 60°
B. 75°
C. 90°
D. 120°
Answer: B
Explanation:
4. Angle ‘A’ of a quadrilateral ABCD is 26° less than angle B. Angle B is twice angle C and angle C is 10°
more than angle D. What would be the measure of angle A?
A. 104°
B. 126°
C. 106°
D. 132°
Answer: C
Explanation:
5. D and E are two points on the sides AC and BC, respectively of ∆ABC such that DE = 18 cm, CE = 5 cm
and ∠DEC = 90°. If tan (∠ABC) = 3.6, then ∠A =?
A. 2∠C
B. 2∠B
C. 2∠D
D. None of these
Answer: C
Explanation:
6. If the internal bisectors of ∠ABC = ∠ACB of the ∆ABC meet at O and also ∠BAC = 80°, then ∠BOC is
equal to?
A. 50°
B. 160°
C. 40°
D. 130°
Answer: D
Explanation:
7. Suppose ∆ABC be a right-angled triangle where ∠A = 90° and AD ⏊ BC. If area of triangle ABC is 40
cm square, area of triangle ∆ACD = 10 cm square and AC = 9 cm, then the length of BC is?
A. 12 cm
B. 18 cm
C. 4 cm
D. 6 cm
Answer: B
Explanation:
8. Two circles touch each other externally at P. AB is a direct common tangent to the two circles, A and
B are points of contact and ∠PAB = 35°. Then ∠ABP is?
A. 35°
B. 55°
C. 65°
D. 75°
Answer: B
Explanation:
9. In triangle ABC, D and E are points on AB and AC respectively such that DE is parallel to BC and DE
divides the triangle ABC into two parts of equal areas. Then ratio of the AD: BD is?
A. 1: 1
B. 1: √2-1
C. 1:√2
D. 1:√2+1
Answer: B
Explanation:
10. I am the in Centre of a triangle ABC. If ∠ABC = 65° and ∠ACB = 55°, then the value of ∠BIC is?
A. 130°
B. 120°
C. 140°
D. 110°
Answer: B
Explanation:
11. The angles of a triangle are in Arithmetic progression. The ratio of the least angle in degrees to the
number of radians in the greatest angle is 60: 𝜋. The angles in degrees are?
A. 30°, 60°, 90°

B. 35°, 55°, 90°
C. 40°, 50°, 90°
D. 40°, 55°, 85°
Answer: A
Explanation:
12. One of the angles of a triangle is two-thirds of the sum of the adjacent angles of a parallelogram.
Remaining angles of the triangle are in the ratio 5: 7. What is the value of the second largest angle of
the triangle?
A. 25°
B. 40°
C. 35°
D. Cannot be determined
Answer: C
Explanation:
13. If the length of a chord of a circle at a distance of 12 cm from the center is 10 cm, then the diameter
of the circle is?
A. 13 cm
B. 15 cm
C. 26 cm
D. 30 cm
Answer: C
Explanation:
14. What is the length of the radius of the circumcircle of the equilateral triangle, the length of whose
side is 6√3 cm?
A. 6√3 cm
B. 6 cm
C. 5.4 cm
D. 3√6 cm
Answer: B
Explanation:
15. In the triangle ABC, ∠BAC = 50° and the bisectors of ∠ABC and ∠ACB meets at P. What is the value
(in degrees) of ∠BPC?
A. 100
B. 105
C. 115
D. 125
Answer: C
Explanation:
16. In the given figure ∠QRN = 40°, ∠PQR = 46° and MN is a tangent at R. What is the value (in degrees)
of x, y and z respectively?
A. 40, 46,94
B. 40, 50,90
C. 46,54,80
D. 50,40,90
Answer: A
Explanation:
17. In ΔPQR, ∠R = 54°, the perpendicular bisector of PQ at S meets QR at T. If ∠TPR = 46°, then what is
the value (in degrees) of ∠PQR?
A. 25
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60
Answer: B
Explanation:
18. If D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a triangle ABC such that DE||BC. If AD
= x cm, DB = (x – 3) cm, AE = (x +3) cm and EC = (x – 2) cm, then what is the value (in cm) of x?
A. 3
B. 3.5
C. 4
D. 4.5
Answer: D
Explanation:
19. In triangle ABC, ∠ABC = 90°. BP is drawn perpendicular to AC. If ∠BAP = 50°, then what is the value
(in degrees) of ∠PBC?
A. 30
B. 45
C. 50
D. 60
Answer: C
Explanation:
20. In triangle PQR, the sides PQ and PR are produced to A and B respectively. The bisectors of ∠AQR
and ∠BRQ intersect at point O. If ∠QOR = 50°, then what is the value (in degrees) of ∠QPR?
A. 50
B. 60
C. 80
D. 100
Answer: C
Explanation:
21. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and AB is the diameter of the circle. If ∠CAB = 48 °, then what is the
value (in degrees) of ∠ADC?
A. 52°
B. 77°
C. 138°
D. 142°
Answer: C
Explanation:
AB is a diameter
Therefore, ∠ACB = 90°
Also, given that, ∠CAB = 48°
∠ABC = 180° - (90° + 48°)
= 42°
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral
∠ADC = 180° - ∠ABC
= 180° - 42°
= 138°
22. In the given diagram O is the center of the circle and CD is a tangent. ∠CAB and ∠ACD are
supplementary to each other ∠OAC = 30°. Find the value of ∠OCB.
A. 30°
B. 20°
C. 60°
D. 80°
Answer: A
Explanation:
Given:
∠CAB and ∠ACD are supplementary to each other.
∠CAB + ∠ACD = 180°
In the given diagram, AB || CD
∠DCB = ∠ABC
Also given, ∠OAC = 30°
∠OAC = ∠OCA = 30°
Therefore, ∠AOC = 120°
∠ABC = 60°
Since, ∠DCB = ∠ABC
∠DCB = 60°
∠OCD = 90°
∠OCB = ∠OCD - ∠DCB = 90° - 60°
∠OCB = 30°.
23. If two medians BE and CF of a triangle ABC, intersect each other at G and if BG = CG, ∠BGC = 60°, BC
= 8 cm, then area of the triangle ABC is
A. 96√3 cm²
B. 48√3 cm²
C. 48 cm²
D. 54√3 cm²
Answer: B
Explanation:
24. âˆ†ABC is a right angle triangle, ∠B = 90°, BD is perpendicular to AC. If AC = 14 cm, BC= 12 cm, find
the length of CD.
2
A. 10(7)
2
B. 11(7) cm
C. 77 cm
D. 68 cm
Answer: A
Explanation:
Let CD = x
𝑥
In âˆ†BDC, cosC = 12
12
In âˆ†ABC, cosC = 14
𝑥 12
equate cosθ => 12 = 14
12 72
x = 12*14 = 7
2
CD = 10(7) cm
26. What is the average of angles x and y?
A. 80°
B. 90°
C. 95°
D. 85°
Answer:
Explanation:
∠a = 40° (Vertically opposite angles)
∠b = 130° (Vertically opposite angles)
Since, the sum of angles in a trapezoid is 360°.
x + y + a + b = 360°
x + y + 40° + 130° = 360°
x + y = 190°
1090
Average of angles x and y = = 95°.
2
27. O is the in center of ∆ABC and ∠A = 30° then ∠BOC is
A. 100°
B. 105°
C. 110°
D. 90°
Answer: B
Explanation:
∠B + ∠C = 180° - 30° = 150°

150°
∠OBC + ∠OCB = 2
∠BOC = 180° - 75° = 105°
28. In a ∆ABC, in center is O and ∠BOC = 110°, then the measure of ∠BAC is
A. 20°
B. 40°
C. 55°
D. 110°
Answer: B
Explanation:
𝐴
∠BOC = 90° + 2
𝐴
110° = 90° + 2
𝐴
= 110 - 90 = 20
2
A = 2 * 20 = 40°
29. Let G be the centroid of the equilateral triangle ABC of perimeter 24 cm. Then the length of AG is
________.
A. 2 √3 cm
B. 3 √3 cm
C. 4 √3 cm
D. 8 √3 cm
Answer: D
Explanation:
The perimeter of the equilateral triangle ABC= 24 cm
Note:
Centroid divide each median in 2:1 ratio
Therefore, AG:GD= 2:1
Initially, AD should be found so that AG can be calculated.

An equilateral triangle is a triangle in which all three sides are equal.
From the above figure,

24
BC= = 8 cm
3
AB=BC=CA=8cm
BD is half of BC
8
BD= 2 =4 cm
AD= √AB2 - BD2
= √64-16
= 4√3
wkt,
AG:GD= 2:1
So, AG is the 2 parts of AD
4√3
AG= ( )*2
3
8
AG= √3
30. If ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral in which ∠A = 4x° , ∠B = 7x° , ∠C = 5y° , ∠D = y° , then x : y is
A. 4:3
B. 3:4
C. 5:4
D. 4:5
Answer: D
Explanation:
The sum of opposite angles of a noncyclic quadrilateral is 180°.
∠A + ∠C = 180°
4x + 5y = 180°.... (1)
Similarly, ∠B + ∠C = 180°
7x + y = 180°..... (2)
By solving (1) and (2), we get

720
x= 31
540
y= 31
720 540
Therefore, x : y = :
31 31
x: y = 4: 3.
30. In the diagram given below, CD = BF = 10 units and ∠CED = ∠BAF = 30° .What would be the area of
âˆ†AED?
A. 100(√2 + 3)
100
B. (√3 + 4)
50
C. (√3 + 4)
D. 50(√3 + 4)
Answer: D
Explanation:
Given: CD = BF = 10 units;
∠CED = ∠BAF = 30°
In âˆ†ECD,
ED
tan 60° = CD
ED
√3 = 10
ED = 10√3
In âˆ†ABF,
AB
tan60° = BF
AB
√3 = 10
AB = 10√3
In âˆ†BFC,
BF
tan60° = BC
10
√3 = BC
10
BC = √3
Area of âˆ†AED = ½ (AD x ED)

1
= (2) x (AB + BC + CD) x 10√3
1 10
= (2) x 10√3 x (10√3 + √3 + 10)
1
= 50√3 (√3 + + 1)
√3
(3 + 1 + √3)
= 50√3 √3
= 50(4 + √3)
31. In a âˆ†ABC, ∠A + ∠B = 65° and ∠B + ∠C = 140°. Then, ∠B is equal to
A. 25°
B. 35°
C. 40°
D. 45°
Answer: A
Explanation:
Given, ∠A + ∠B = 65°
∠B + ∠C = 140°
(∠A + ∠B) + (∠B + ∠C) = (65° + 140°) = 205°
(∠A + ∠B + ∠C) + ∠B = 205°
180° + ∠B = 205°
∠B = 205° - 180° = 25°
32. Find the center of the circle whose equation is x^2 + y^2 -10x + 12y -10 = 0
A. (5, -6)
B. (5,6)
C. (-5, -6)
D. (10, 12)
Answer: B
Explanation:
For general format of circle: ax2+by2+cx+dy+e= 0
The center-radius form of the circle equation is in the format(x–h)2+ (y–k)2=r2, with the center being at
the point (h, k) and the radius being "r".
Given eqn is: x^2 + y^2 -10 xs + 12y -10 = 0
=> x^2 + y^2 -10x + 12y = 10
Group the x-stuff together. And then y-stuff together.
=>(x^2 - 10x) + (y^2 + 12y) = 10
Take the x-term coefficient, multiply it by one-half, square it, and then add this to both sides of the
equation, as shown. Do the same with then-term coefficient.
=> (x^2 - 10x + 25) + (y^2 + 12y + 36) = 10 + 25 + 36
=> (x – 5)^2 + (y + 6)^2 = 71
=> (x – 5)^2 + [y – (-6)]^2 = 71
On comparing it with center-radius form of the circle equation: (x–h) 2+ (y–k) 2=r2
=> The center is at (h, k) = (5, -6)
33. Vertical angles that are opposite to each other are also
A. not equal
B. opposite
C. scalene
D. equal
Answer: B
34. Two lines that make an angle are called
A. scalene
B. rays
C. segment
D. vertex
Answer: B
35. Surface area of hollow cylinder with radius ‘r’ and height ‘h’ is measured by
A. 2πr - h
B. 2πr + h
C. πrh
D. 2πrh
Answer: A
36. A polygon having 10 sides is called
A. decagon
B. heptagon
C. quadrilateral
D. hexagon
Answer: D
A. hexagon
B. nonagon
C. decagon
D. octagon
Answer: D
A. hexagon
B. nonagon
C. heptagon
D. quadrilateral
Answer: D
39. Sum of all angles around a main point equals to
A. 360°
B. 180°
C. 270°
D. 90°
Answer: A
40. A line which connects any two points on a circle is known as
A. perimeter
B. diameter
C. chord
D. radius
Answer: C
41. Angles that are opposite to each other are called
A. vertical angles
B. complementary angles
C. reflective angles
D. supplementary angles
Answer: A
42. Angles that sum up to 90° are known as
A. vertical angles
B. complementary angles
C. reflective angles
D. supplementary angles
Answer: B
43. A triangle that has 2 equal sides and 2 equal angles is known as
A. isosceles triangle
B. equilateral triangle
C. scalene triangle
D. right angle
Answer: A
44. A line from center to circumference of a circle is known as
A. diameter
B. radius
C. area
D. midpoint
Answer: B
A. pentagon
B. hexagon
C. nonagon
D. decagon
Answer: A
46. In terms of radius, a diameter is equals to
A. 2+r
B. 2r
C. r⁄2
D. 2⁄r
Answer: B
47. Angles that sum up to 180° are known as
A. complementary angles
B. reflective angles
C. supplementary angles
D. vertical angles
Answer: C
48. Circumference of circle is calculated by
A. 2πr
B. 2π⁄r
C. πr⁄2
D. πr
Answer: A
49. If radius of a circle is increased by 30% then its area is increased by
A. 40%
B. 69%
C. 70%
D. 50%
Answer: B
50. Area of circle is calculated by
A. π⁄r²
B. πr²
C. π²r
D. r²⁄π
Answer: B
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What are the different types of geometry discussed in the document?

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Quantitative Aptitude – Geometry – Formulas

Introduction to Quantitative Aptitude:

Quantitative Aptitude is an important section in the employment-related competitive exams in India.

Geometry – Important Terms:

12. What is Pyramid?

18. What is Cyclic quadrilateral?

20. What is Surface area?

 A polygon is a two-dimensional (2-D) closed figure made up of straight line segments. In

Formula for Central Angle s=rθ

Where, s represents the arc length,

ii. Formula for Double Angle

cos (2a) = cos2(a)–sin2(a)=2cos2(a)−1=1−2sin2(a)

sin (2a) = 2sin(a) cos(a)

Figures Area Formula Variables

Area of Area = l × w l = length

Area of Square Area = a2 a = sides of square

Area of Ellipse Area = πab a = radius of major axis

Shapes Volume Formula Variables

Rectangular Solid or V=l×w×h l = Length,

Cube V = a3 a = length of edge or side

Cylinder V = πr2h r = radius of the circular edge,

Prism V=B×h B = area of base, (B = side2 or

(x1 + x2) (y1 + y2)

 Three straight sides of equal length

ii. Isosceles Triangles:

The Isosceles Triangles have the following properties:

 Two sides of equal length

 Two equal angles

Scalene triangles have the following properties

 No sides of equal length

iv. Acute triangles

vi. Obtuse triangles

The Triangle Formula are given below as,

b is the base of the triangle.

h is the height of the triangle.

Perimeter of a Rectangle Formula P = 2 (l + b)

Area of a Rectangle Formula A=l×b

Diagonal of a Rectangle Formula D = √ l2+b2

Diameter of a Circle D=2×r

Circumference of a Circle C=2×π×r

 Volume of Hollow Cylinder: V = πh (r12 – r22)

Surface of a pyramid = Base Area

ii. Triangular pyramid

iii. Pentagonal pyramid

iv. Hexagonal pyramid

 Base Area of a Hexagonal pyramid = 3ab

Diameter of a Sphere D=2r