Cheyenne Airplane Service Manual

AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD1 OF8
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2,1984
PARTNUMBER
753826 1A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997
PIPER CHEYENNESERVICE MANUAL
SERIALNUMBERINFORMATION
PA-31T, CHEYENNE
Serial Numbers 31T-7400002 to 31T-7720069 inclusive.
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
Serial Numbers 31T-7820001to 31T-8120104 inclusive.
PA-31T1, CHEYENNE I
Serial Numbers 31T-7804001to 31T-8104101 inclusive.
PA-31T1, CHEYENNE IA
Serial Numbers 31T-8304001to 31T-8304003 inclusive;
(then, serial number series changed to)
Serial Numbers 31T-1104004to 1104017 inclusive.
PA-31T2, CHEYENNE II XL
Serial Numbers 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166076 inclusive;
AEROFICHE EXPLANATION AND REVISION STATUS
Service manual information incorporated in this set of Aerofiche cards has been arranged in accordance
with general specifications of Aerofiche adopted by General Aviation Manufacturer's Association, (GAMA).
Information compiled in this Aerofiche Service Manual will be kept current by revisions distributed
periodically. These revisions supersede all previous revisions and are complete Aerofiche card replacements
and supersede Aerofiche cards of same number in set.
Conversion of Aerofiche alpha/numeric code numbers:
First number is Aerofiche card number.
Letter is horizontal line reference per card.
Second number is vertical line reference per card.
Example: 2J16 Aerofiche card number two of given set, Grid location J16.
To aid in locating the various chapters and related service information desired, the following is provided:
1. At the beginning of Aerofiche Card No. 1:
a. A complete Section Index for all fiche in this set.
b. A complete list of Illustrations for all fiche in this set.
c. A complete list of Tables for all fiche in this set.
d. A complete list of Charts for all fiche in this set.
2. At the beginning of each subsequent Aerofiche Card:
b. A complete list of Illustrations for that fiche only.
c. A complete list of Tables for that fiche only.
d. A complete list of Charts for that fiche only.
3. A complete Table of Contents showing paragraph titles and appropriate grid location numbers is
given at the beginning of each Section relating to the information within that Section.
4. Identification of revised material:
Revised text and illustrations are indicated by a black vertical line along the left-hand margin
of the frame, opposite revised, added or deleted material. Revision lines indicate only current
revisions with changes and additions to or deletions of existing text and illustrations. Changes in
capitalization, spelling, punctuation, indexing, physical location of material, or complete page
additions are not identified by revision lines.
1A2 InterimRevision:10/15/97
AEROFICHE EXPLANATION AND REVISION STATUS (cont)

5. Revisions to Service Manual 753 826 issued December 1973 are as follows:
Revision Publication Date Aerofiche Card Effectivity
ORG731208 December 8, 1973
CR810206 February 6, 1981 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810925 September 25, 1981 1 Only
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
IR860220 February 20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30,1986 3
IR860821 August 21, 1986 1
IR871009 June 15, 1988 2
IR900313 March 13, 1990 1
IR941019 October 19, 1994 1 and 2
IR950320 March 20, 1995 1
IR971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
* INTERIM REVISION TO SERVICE MANUAL 753-826

Revisions appear in all eight Aerofiche cards. Discard your entire existing
Aerofiche card set (Cards 1 - 8) and replace it with the revised Aerofiche
card set (Cards 1 - 8) dated 10/15/97.
Consult the Customer Service Information Catalog Aerofiche (P/N 1753-755) for current revision dates for this
manual.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1A3

SECTIONINDEX
SECTION AEROFICHECARD NO. 1 GRID NO.
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
II HANDLINGAND SERVICING 1A22
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
V SURFACECONTROLS 118
AEROFICHECARD NO. 2
VI HYDRAULICSYSTEM 2A10
VII LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM 2D19
VIII POWER PLANT ( PA-31TAND PA-31T1) 2111
CARDNO.3
AEROFICHE
VIIIA POWERPLANT ( PA-31T2) 3A8
IX FUEL SYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 4
XI ELECTRICALSYSTEM 4A7
AEROFICHECARD NO. 5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
XIII ENVIRONMENTALCONTROLSYSTEM
( PA-31TAND PA-31T1) 5B1
AEROFICHECARD NO. 6
XIIIA ENVIRONMENTALCONTROLSYSTEM(PA-31T2) 6A8
XIV ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES 6C1
CARDNO.7
AEROFICHE
XV ELECTRICALSCHEMATICS
( PA-31TAND PA-31T1) 7A5
AEROFICHECARD NO. 8
XVA ELECTRICALSCHEMATICS( PA-31T2) 8A5
1A4
Interim Revision: 10/15/97
PIPER CHEYENNE SERVICE MANUAL
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
2-1. Three View of the Piper Cheyenne (PA-31T and PA-31T1) ...................................... 1B1
2-2. Three View of the Piper Cheyenne (PA-31T2) ..................................................... 1B2
2-3. Station Reference Lines .............................................................................. B3
2-4. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage, Interior, Fuselage and Empennage
(PA-31T and PA-31T1) .......................................................................... B6
2-5. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage Interior, Fuselage and Empennage
(PA-31T2)................... ............................................. B8
2-6. Access Plates and Panels, Wings ......... ................... ......... ................
1B10
2-7. Jacking Configuration (Typical) ....................................... .. ................... 1B14
2-8. Weighing Configuration (Typical)................................................................... B19
2-9. Leveling Longitudinally and Laterally.............................................................. B20
2-10. Tow Turn Limits and Radius ............................ B..............................B
2-11. Service Points ......................................................................................... B24
2-12. Servicing Landing Gear Shock Struts ............................................................... C4
2-12a. Tire Balancer ......... ..................................................................... C7
2-12b. Aircraft Lubrication Charts ..................................... ................................ C14
2-13. Fabricated Jack Stand for Piper Jack, Part No. 18338-0 .......................................... 1D9
2-14. Fabricated Tail Stand .................................................................... ID10
2-15. Protective Closures Installation ...................................................................... 1D11
2-16. Special Tools ................................................................... ............. D16
3-1. Wing Flap Transmission Inspection ................................................................ 1E2
3-2. Wing Flap Actuator Cable .......................................................................... 1E3
3-3. Friction Reduction in Wing Flap System ........................................................... 1E6
3-4. Wing Flap Motor ......... .. ......... .................................................... E8
3-5. Inspection of Aileron Sprocket and Chain ....................................... 1E9
3-6. V-Band Coupling Lock Wire ................................................ ...................
4-1. Aileron and Flap Installation ......................................................................... E18
4-2. Methods of Blocking Trim Cables .................................................................. 1E21
4-3. Fuselage Cradle (Typical) ............................................................................ E24
4-4. Wing Installation ................... ........................................... F2
4-5. Empennage Installation ......... .......................................................... 1F5
4-6. Windshield Installation (Earlier Models) .......... ...... .................. .......... .... F16
4-6a. Heated Windshield (Earlier Models) ................ ...................................... 1F17
4-7. Windshield Installation (Later Models) ............................. ................................ F18
4-7a. Heated Windshield (Later Models) .................................................................. 1F20
4-8. Windshield Wiper (PA-31T, PA-31T1)......... .. ......... ...................... 1F21
4-8a. Windshield Wiper (PA-31T2) ........................................................................ F23
4-9. Emergency Exit and Eyebrow Window............................................................. F24
4-9a. Storm Window Installation ......... ................................................. G3
4-10. Cabin Entrance Door ............. ........................................................ 1G7
4-11. Cargo Door Installation ............ ............................................ G12
4-12. Checking Aileron Balance ................................................. .............. 1G19
4-13. Checking Elevator Balance ..................... .....................
.. ....... 1G19
4-14. Elevator Balance Weight Modification ...................................... .......... . G.........
20
4-15. Checking Rudder Balance ......... ............................................................. 20
4-16. Elevator Friction Measurement ...................................................................... 1H1
4-17. Skin Thickness ................................................................. 1 H3
Interim
Interim Revision:Revision:
10/15/97
10/15/97 1A5
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

Figure Aerofiche
Grid No.
4-18. Typical Access Holes and Panels ............................................................... 1H6
4-19. Fuselage Sealing (Forward) ....................... ............................................. H8
4-20. Fuselage Sealing (Aft) ................................................................................ H9
4-21. Faying Surface Seal .................................................................. 12
4-22. Joggle Seal ................................................................... 1H1
4-23. Holes and Voids Seal ................................................................ IH13
4-24. Fillet Seal .............................................................................................. H13
4-25. Bolts and Rivets Seals ................................................................. 14
4-26. Wire Harness Seals ......................................... ......................... H15
4-27. Floorboard Seals .......................................... .......................... H16
4-28. Fabricated Tools .......................................... ......................... H18
4-29. Door Snubber Assembly ........................................ ........................ H23
4-30. Erosion Shoe Installation ............................................................................. 117
5-1. Control Column Installation ......................................................................... 1115
5-2. Correct Method of Installing Rod End Bearings ................................................... 1118
5-3. Rigging Bobweight ................................................................................... 1119
5-4. Aileron and Aileron Trim Controls ................................................................ 1123
5-5. Installation of Bellcrank Rigging Tool .............................................................. J3
5-6. Installation of Aileron Rigging Tool ................................................................ J3
5-7. Elevator and Elevator Trim Controls ............................................................... 1J5
5-8. Installation of Elevator Rigging Tool .............................................................. 10
5-9. Elevator Travel Stops ................................................................................. 10
5-10. Safety Wiring ...................................................................... 10
5-11. Methods of Blocking Trim Cables ................................................................ IJI
5-12. Rudder and Rudder Trim Controls .................................................................. J16
5-13. Installation of Rudder Rigging Tool................................................................ 1J19
5-14. Installation of Rudder Trim Rigging Tool .......................................................... 1J19
5-15. Rudder Pedal Installation ........................................ ......................... J24
5-16. Clamping Rudder Pedals ............................................................................. KI
5-17. Rigging of Rudder Pedals ............................................................................ K
5-18. Trim Controls Installation ............................................................................ K2
5-19. Trim Screw Assembly ................................................................................ K4
5-20. Flap Controls (Piper System) ..................................................... . ............. K6
5-21. Flap Selector Switch (Piper System) ................................................................ K10
5-22. Flap System Diagram (Calco) ........................ ........................................ K12
5-23. M otor Assembly, Exploded View (Calco) .......................................................... IK14
5-24. Flap Controls (Calco)................................................................................. K17
5-25. Flap Rigging Adjustments (Calco) ................................................................. I K21
5-26. Amplifier-Electrical Schematic (Calco) ............................................................ I K23
5-27. Fabricated Aileron-Elevator Rigging Tool......................................................... IL2
5-28. Fabricated Bellcrank Rigging Tool ................................................................. L3
5-29. Fabricated Rudder Rigging Tool .................................................................... L4
5-30. Fabricated Rudder Trim Tab Rigging Tool ......................................................... L5
5-App-1. Control Cable Inspection Technique ............................................................... L19
5-App-2. Cable Wear Pattern ................................................................................... L20
5-App-3. Internal Cable Wear................................................................................... L20
5-App-4. Pulley Wear Patterns .................................................................................. L22
1A6 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

(cont.)
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
6-1. Schematic Diagram of Hydraulic System With Gear Door Actuators........................... 2A16
6-1a. Schematic Diagram of Hydraulic System Without Gear Door Actuators ...................... 2A17
6-2. Schematic of Power Pack Electrical System ...................................................... 2A18
6-3. Power Pack Installation .............................................................................. 2B2
6-4. Location of Power Pack Components (Ozone) .............................. .................. 2B3
6-5. Hydraulic Power Pack (Ozone) ...................................................................... 5
6-6. Power Pack Manifold (Ozone) ...................................................................... 2B9
6-7. Power Pack Handle-Release (Ozone) .............................................................. 2B13
6-8. Safetying Control Arms (Ozone) ................................................................... 2B 13
6-9. Timing of Selector Spool (Ozone)...................................... 2...........................2B15
6-10. Handle-Release Adjustment (Ozone) ............................................................... 2B16
6-11. Location of Power Pack Components (Wiebel Tool) ............................................ 2B20
6-12. Hydraulic Power Pack (Wiebel Tool) ............................................................... 2B21
6-13. Power Pack Manifold (Wiebel Tool) ............................ ................................ 2B24
6-14. Power Pack Handle-Release Mechanism (Wiebel Tool) ........................... .. ......... 2C2
6-15. Safetying Control Arm (Wiebel Tool) .............................................................. 2C5
6-16. Indexing of Selector Spool (Wiebel Tool) ......................................................... 2C6
6-17. Handle-Release Adjustment (Wiebel Tool) ........... ............................ 2C8
6-18. Hydraulic System Schematic ........................................................................ 2C10
6-19. Hand Pump (Ozone) .................................................................................. 2C13
6-20. Hand Pump (Wiebel Tool) ........................................................................... 2C16
6-21. Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 2923-3) ............................................. 2C18
6-22. Nose Gear or Main Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool WTC 2115-1,
WTC 2235-1 and WTC 2236-1) .................. .............................. 2C20
6-23. Main Gear Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 5107-1) ............................................. 2C23
6-24. Main Gear Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool WTC 2145-1 and WTC 2145-3) ................. 2DI
6-25. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 2924-3) ......... ................................ 2D2
6-26. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool, WTC 2114-1)......... .................. 2D5
6-26a. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool, WTC 2218-1) .................................... 2D8
6-27. Hydraulic Filter ......... ......... ................................... 2D10.........
2D
6-28. Hydraulic Pump ....................................................................................... 2D11
6-29. Power Pack Test Harness Schematic ......... . .................. ......... ............ 2D15
7-1. Nose Gear Oleo Strut Assembly ..................................................................... 2E
7-1a. Installation of T-Rings ................................................................................ 2E4
7-2. Nose Landing Gear Installation...................................................................... 2E6
7-3. Clamping Rudder Pedals in Neutral Position ....................................................... 2E14
7-4. Rudder Pedals Neutral Angle ........................................................................ 2E14
7-5. Aligning Nose Gear .................................................................................. 2E16
7-6. Nose Gear Steering Installation............................ .................................... 2E19
7-7. Main Gear Oleo Strut Assembly................................................. ................ 2E22
7-8. Main Landing Gear Installation ..................................................................... 2E24
7-8a. Aligning Main Gear .................................................................................. 2F7
7-9. Inboard Main Gear Door Hinge ..................................................................... 2F9
7-9a. Test Equipment Installation, Emergency Gear Extension System ................................ 2F12
Interim Revision:10/15/97
1A7
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
7-9b. Fabricated Test Fitting, Emergency Gear Extension System ..................................... 2F13
7-9c. Landing Gear Actuating System (PA-31T2).................................................. 2F14
7-10. Adjusting Main Gear Down Limit Switch .................................................. 2F17
7-11. Gear Warning Switches Installation ............ ................................................ 2F20
7-12. Nose Wheel Assembly (B.F. Goodrich 3-1331) .................................................... 2F22
7-13. Nose Wheel Assembly (B.F. Goodrich 3-1076) .................................................... 2F24
7-14. Main Wheel Assembly (Goodyear 9544171-1) .................................................... 2G2
7-15. Main Wheel Assembly (Cleveland 40-106 and 40-106A) ......... ............................... 2G7
7-16. B.F. Goodrich Main Wheel Installation (3-1392 and 3-1424) .................................... 2G9
7-17. B.F. Goodrich Wheel Repair Limits (3-1392 and 3-1424) ........................................ 2G12
7-18. Wheel Brake Assembly (Goodyear 5002376) ...................................................... 2G17
7-19. Rivet Head Grinding Limits (Goodyear 5002376) ................................................. 2G19
7-20. Fabricated Rivet Tools (Goodyear 5002376) ....................................................... 2G20
7-21. Snow Shield Modification (Goodyear 5002376) ................................................... 2G21
7-22. Wear Pad-Wear Limits (Goodyear 5002376) ....................................................... 2G22
7-23. Limits for Repadded Pressure and Back Plates (Goodyear 5002376) ............................ 2G22
7-24. Brake Disc Visual Check for Serviceable Limits (Goodyear 5002376) ......... .................2G24
7-25. Removal and Installation of Anchor Bolts ......................................................... 2H6
7-26. Wheel Brake Assembly (Cleveland 30-106) ....................................................... 2H8
7-27. B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2 Brake Installation ......................................................... 2H10
7-27a. Brake Removal Wear Limit ......................................................... 211
7-27b. Brake Removal Wear Limit ....................................................... 2H 11
7-28. Brake Master Cylinder Assembly ........................ .................................... 2H20
7-29. Parking Brake Valve Assembly ......................... ..................................... 2H20
7-30. Fabricated Tool, Nose Gear Gauge Link Travel.................................................... 2H21
7-31. Fabricated-Tool, Main Gear Side-Brace Link Travel .............................................. 2H-22
7-32. Fabricated Tool, Main Gear Toe-in Adjustment .................................................... 2H23
7-33. Nose Gear Wear Limits .......................................................... ....... 214
7-34. Main Gear Wear Limits .......................................................... ....... 217
8-1. Engine Cowling ................................................................. 2116
8-2. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System ......................................................... 2120
8-2a. Air Inlet Ice Protection System (S/N 31T-8304001 and up) ...................................... 212
8-2b. Special Equipment for Rigging Inertial Separator Doors
(S/N 31T-8304001 and up) .................................. ................ 2122
8-3. Oil Cooler Door Installation ..................................................................... 2123
8-4. Propeller Installation ..... ........................................... 22
8-5. Typical Nicks and Removal Method ............................................................... 2J3
8-6. Engine Installation (Typical)......................................................................... 2J9
8-7. Throttle Control Cable Handling Procedure ........................................................ 2J13
8-8. Engine Controls ....................................................................................... 2J15
8-9. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment ............................................................... 2J22
8-10. Minor Torque Adjustment ............................................................................ 2K3
8-11. Running Adjustment Settings ........................................................................ 2K6
Revised: 1/5/84 1A8


Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
8-1 la. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection ................. ............................................ 2K24

8-12. Fuel Manifold Test Rig .............................................................................. 2L2
8-13. Oil Filter Element ............................................................................... 2L6
8-14. Torque System Calibration ................ ........................ 2................
9
8-15. Cheyenne IA Torquemeter Test Setup .................... ......... ......... ......... 2L 12
8-16. Cheyenne IA Torquemeter Transducer Test Setup .......... .................................. 2L13
8-17. T5 Thermocouple Harness Loop Resistance Check ............................................... 2L15
8-18. T5 Harness Insulation Resistance Check ........................................................... 2L15
8-19. Inter-Turbine Temperature Calibration Check .................................................... 2L16
8A-1. Engine Cowling ...................................................................................... 13
8A-2. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System .......... ............................................. 3A15
8A-3. Oil Cooler Door Installation ............................................................... 3A16
8A-4. Propeller Installation ........... ....................................................... . . 3A19
8A-5. Typical Nicks and Removal Method .................................... .......................... 3A20
8A-6. Engine Installation (Typical) ......... ........................... ............... 3B3
8A-7. Throttle Control Cable Handling Procedure ......... ............. .................. 3B7
8A-8. Engine Controls ......... ........................................................................... 3B10
8A-9. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment ......... ...................................... 3B16
8A-10. Minor Torque Adjustment ............................. .......... B.......................21
8A-11. Running Adjustment Settings ........................................................................ 3B24
8A-1la. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection ................................................ ................. 3C12
8A-12. Fuel Manifold Test Rig ................................................................... 3C15
8A-13. Oil Filter Element ..................................................................... . . . 3C19
8A-14. Digital/Analog Torque Calibration .................................................................. 3C21
8A-15. T5 Thermocouple Harness Loop Resistance Check .................. ....................3C24
8A-16. T5 Harness Insulation Resistance Check ......... ................................................. 3C24
8A-17. Inter-Turbine Temperature Calibration Check ............. ........................ 3D
9-1. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31T and PA-31T2) ................................................... 3D10
9-2. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31TI Only) ........................................ 3D12
9-3. Tip Tank Installation ................... ....................... . .... ....... ... 3D13
9-4. Fuel Cell Installation Inboard ....................................................................... 3D15
9-4a. Fuel Cell Attaching Hardware ...................................................................... 3D16
9-5. Fuel Cell Installation Outboard ......... ............................. D..........
18
9-6. Fuel Valve Drain Plate ............................ .......... ........................... 3D20
9-7. Crossfeed Valve....................................................................................... 3E
9-8. Fuel Shutoff Valve ..................................................... ................ 3E4
9-9. Fuel Filter ........................................................................................... 3E6
9-10. Submerged Fuel Boost Pump ........................................................................ 3E8
9-11. Fuel System Installation ...................................... .............. 3E...............
3E
9-12. Fuel Cell Tie Detail .................................................................................. 3E 2
9-13. Fabrication of Test Fixture for Tank Unit Testing .............................................. 3E17
9-14. Test Equipment Hookup .................................. ... ....... 3E18
9-15. Test Cables for Tank Unit Testing (For TF-20, Only) ............................................ 3E20
Interim
Revision:
10/15/97 A9
(cont.)
Aerofiche
Grid No.
9-16. Alternate Indicator Bench Test Hookup ............................................................ 3E20

9-16a. Fuel Gauge Adjustment ......... .................................................................. 3E21
9-17. Fuel Vent System ......... ........................................................................ 3F1
10-1. Instrument Panel Installation (Typical) ............................................................. 3F7
10-2. Pitot-Static Installation ............................................................................... 3F8
10-3. Instrument Air System Installation ................................................................ 3F9
10-4. Turn and Bank Vacuum System ..................................................................... 3F15
11-1. Switch and Circuit Breaker Panels ......... ................................................... 4A16
11-2. Exploded View of D.C. Starter-Generator ......................................................... 4A19
11-3. Correct Position of Brushes and Springs ......... ........................................... 4B1
11-4. Electrical Connections of Starter-Generator ......... ...................... ................... 4B 1
11-5. Paralleling Voltage Chart ............................................................................. 4B2
11-5a. Position of Auxilec Tool for Blowing Out Carbon Dust From
Auxilec Starter-Generator ...................................................................... 4B8
11-6. Starter-Generator (Auxilec, Inc.) .................................................................... 4B 12
11-7. Brush Shunts Positioning ................................................................ 4B13
11-8. Dimension Check of Shaft Drive Sinking .......................................................... 4B14
11-9. Locating Washer ...................................................................................... 4B14
11-10. Locating Drive Shaft ................................................................................. 4B14
11-11. Brush Running in Diagram .......................................................................... 4B16
11-1la. Autostart Electrical Float Diagram .................................................................. 4B22
11-12. Cell Layout-Nickel Cadmium Battery ............................................................. 4C5
11-13. Patch Harness ......................................................................................... 4C8
11-14. Wiring Diagram Pre-Closed Loop Test ............................................................. 4C9
11-15. Wiring Diagram Automatic Line Contactor Test......... ..................................... 4C9
11-15a. Electro Delta Wiring Diagram ....................................................................... 4C 1
11-16. Wiring Diagram Test of Overvoltage Relay ........................................................ 4C15
11-17. Landing and Taxi Lights ............................................................................. 4C15
11-18. Wing Inspection Light ................................................................................ 4C21
11-18a. Logo Light Assembly Adjustments ................................................................. 4D3
11-19. Door-Ajar Switch ..................................................................................... 4D4
11-20. Stability Augmentation System Layout Diagram .................................................. 4D13
11-21. S.A.S. Servo Motor ................................................................................... 4D17
11-22. S.A.S. Computer ...................................................................................... 4D19
11-23. S.A.S. Angle of Attack Vane with Check Equipment Installed ................................... 4D22
11-24. S.A.S. Stall Warning Margin Indicator............................................................. 4D23
11-25. S.A.S. Stability Augmentator Emergency Override System ...................................... 4E5
11-25a. A.O.A. Sensor Schematic ............................................................................ 4E9
11-26. Wing Flap Switch ..................................................................................... 4E18
11-27. Safety Switch Function ............................................................................... 4E18
11-28. Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems (Early Models) (Typical) ................................. 4E20
11-29. Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems (PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001
and up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 and up) (Typical).................................... 4E21
11-30. Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems (PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166001 and up)
(Typical) .......................................................................................... 4E22

Figure Aerofiche
Grid No.
11-31. Component Location, Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf

(Early Models).......................................................... 4E23
(PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 and up)..... 4E24
(PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166001 and up) .... ..... .............................. . 4F1
11-34. Forward Electrical Panel Locations, Cheyenne IA ....................... ..... 4F2
NOTE
Electrical Schematic for PA-31T and PA-31TI .......... 7A5

Electrical Schematics for PA-31T2 ... ... ............... 8A5
Electronic Schematics for Section XII .................. 5A10
12-1. Battery Connections; Two Year- Magnesium ................................. 5A12

12-2. Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic ........... 5A13
12-3. Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic ........... 5A14
12-4. Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic (Narco) .......... ................ 5A16
12-5. ELT Portable Folding Antenna (Narco) ...................................... 5A17
12-6. ELT Using Fixed Aircraft Antenna (Narco) ................................... 5A17
12-7. Avionics Master and Emergency Switch Circuit ............... ................. 5A19
12-8. Avionics Antenna Locations ................................ ................ 5A22
13-1. Heating System Flow Diagram .. ...... ................. ..... .............. 5B6
13-2. Environmental Components ................................................. 5B7
13-3. Cutaway of Heater, Showing Whirling Flame (Typical) ......................... 5B9
13-4. Heater Cycling Switch ..... ................................................. 5B10
13-5. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (57D77) ......................... 5B16
13-6. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (89D23-1) ........................ 5B17
13-7. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (10E58-1, 10E58-2,
16E68-1 and 16E68-2) ................... ....... ......................... 5B20
13-8. Recirculation Fan and Motor Assembly (Dynamic Air) ......................... 5B21
13-9. Recirculation Fan and Motor Assembly (Dukes) ............................... 5C6
13-10. Spark Plug Fixture ........................................................ 5C9
13-11. Wiring - Test Setup ........................................................ 5C9
13-12. Ignition Unit Assembly (Typical) ..... ..... ................... .......... 5C9
13-13. Spark Plug (P/N 39D18) Gap Adjustment and Tool ........................... 5C10
13-14. Spark Plug(10E75-1 and 10E75-2). ........................................... 5CII
13-15. Fuel Pressure Relief Valve Bench Test ........................................ 5C16
13-16. Test Setup Fuel Regulator ............ ............................ ......... 5C17
13-17. Heater Assembly Exploded View (62D33) . .. ....... ........................... 5C20
13-18. Heater Assembly Exploded View (62D33-1 and 62D33-2) ...... ................. 5C21
13-19. Heater Assembly Exploded View (10E21-1) ................................... 5C23
13-20. Heater Assembly Exploded View (10E21-2) ............................................. .. 5D2
13-21. Seal Plate, Plugs and Caps for Combustion Tube Leak Test ..................... 5D5
Revised: 7/2/84
1A11
Figure Aerofiche
Grid No.
13-22. Test Setup - Combustion Air Pressure Switch ................................. 5D7

13-23. Suggested Setup for Heater Operation Test ................................... 5D10
13-24. Suggested Wiring Connections for Heater Operation Test ....................... 5D10
13-25. Auxiliary Heater and Switch ................................................ 5D18
13-26. Air Conditioning Flow Diagram ............................................. 5D24
13-27. Manifold Set Operation .................................................... 5E3
13-28. Charging and Evacuation Schematic (Charging Stand Method) .................. 5E6
13-29. Charging Stand, J-23500 ................................................... 5E7
13-30. Charging Schematic (Refrigerant Drum Method) .............................. 5E9
13-31. Compressor and Drive Assembly (Dual Belt) ......... .................... 5E10
13-32. Belt Inspection ............................................................ 5E11
13-33. Leak Test ................................................................. 5E12
13-33a. Positioning Sankyo Compressor Internal Parts (S/N 31T-8304001 and up)........ 5E15
13-34. Removing Driven Plate ..................................................... 5E16
13-35. Drive and Driven Plates .................................................... 5E16
13-36. Aligning Driven Plate Key .................................................. 5E17
13-37. Installing Driven Plate ..................................................... 5E17
13-38. Checking Air Gap ......................................................... 5E 17
13-39. Removing Pulley Retaining Ring ......... ................ ............... 5E17
13-40. Removing Pulley and Drive Plate ......... ... ..................... ...... 5E19
13-41. Removing Bearing......................................................... 5E19
13-42. Installing Pulley and Drive Plate Bearing ..................................... 5E19
13-43. Installing Pulley and Drive Plate ............................................ 5E19
13-44. Removing Coil Housing Retaining Ring ...................................... 5E20
13-44a. Magnetic Clutch Assembly (Sankyo Compressor) (S/N 31T-8304001 and up)...... 5E22
13-45. Drive Housing and Driver Assembly ......................................... 5E23
13-46. Fan and Condenser ........................................................ 5F3
13-47. Expansion Valve .......................................................... 5F6
13-48. Evaporator Control Valve ......... .................................... 5F6
13-49. Component Installation .................................................... 5F7
13-50. Installation of Seco 7 Seals ................................................. 5F10
13-51. Inspection Points (Air Conditioning System) .................................. 5F10
13-52. Pressurization System Schematic (Dukes) ..................................... 5F22
13-53. Cabin Pressure Test Units (Typical) .......................................... 5GI
13-54. Pressurization Test Hookup ......... ........................ ........... 5G2
13-55. Fabricated Hose Plug ...................................................... 5G4
13-56. Fabricated Reducer ........................................................ 5G4
13-57. Isobaric Valve ............................................................. 5G7
13-58. Safety Valve .............................................................. 5G7
13-59. Cleaning of Pressurization Controller (Typical) ................................ 5G14
13-60. Cabin Altitude Controller (Typical) .......................................... 5G18
13-61. Door Seal System ......................................................... 5G20
Revised:1/5/84 A
1A12

Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
13-62. Controller Adjustment ............................ ......... ........................... G21

13-63. Cabin Altitude Vs. Aircraft Altitude .................. ......... .........................
5G22
13-64. Cabin Pressure Control System Schematic (Garrett) .............................................. 5H4
13-65. Pressurization System Schematic (Garrett) ........................................................ 5H5
13-66. Safety or Isobaric Valve Schematic ............................................................... 5HI
13-67. Cabin Air Pressure Outflow Valve Controller Schematic ......... ................................ 5H14
13A-1. Cabin Pressure Control System Schematic ......... .......................................... 6A11
13A-2. Cabin Pressurization (PA-31T2) ..................................................................... 6A12
13A-3. Safety and Outflow Valves............................ ........................................... 6A14
13A-4. Cabin Air Pressure Outflow Valve Controller ..................................................... 6A15
13A-5. Fabricated Reducer Pressure Test Adapter ....................................... ......... .. .6A17
13A-6. Cabin Pressure Test Unit (Typical) ................................................................. 6A17
13A-7. Pressurization Test Hookup ......................................................................... 6A18
13A-8. Cabin Altitude Vs. Airplane Altitude ........... .................................... ...... 6A23
13A-8a. Door Seal System ....................................................... 6B2
13A-9. Environmental Control System ........... ............................................ 6B9
13A-10. Cabin Pressurization and Bleed Air System Schematic ............. ......... ....................6B11
13A-11. ECS Test Harness Extension ............................ ......................................... 6B19
13A-12. Cabin Comfort ........................................................................................ 6B20
14-1. Oxygen System Installation (PA-31T and PA-31T1) ............................ .................. 6C7
14-2. Oxygen System Installation (PA-31T2)............................................................. 6C8
14-3. Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicer System ................................................. 6C15
14-4. Electrical Diagram Showing Cycle Sequence ..................................................... 6C16
14-5. Electrical Diagram Showing Cycle Sequence ...................................................... 6C16
14-6. Electrical Diagram Showing Cycle Sequence ......... .......................................... 6C 17
14-7. Electrical Diagram Showing Cycle Sequence ............................. ...................... 6C17
14-8. Suggested Use of Dial Indicator ............................ ................................... 6C21
14-9. Centering of Brushes on Slip Rings ......... .................................................. 6C22
14-10. Brush Block Assembly ............................................................... 6C23
14-11. Angle of Contact-Brushes to Slip Rings .................................................... 6C24
14-12. Brush Module Assembly (3E2011)................................................................. 6D
14-13. Alternate Module S tacking Arrangement .......................................................... 6D1
14-14. Modular Brush Assembly (3E2044-1) ............................ ............................ 6D1
14-15. Wiring Diagram, Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicing System ........................... 6D3
14-16. Repair of Lead Strap .................................................................................. 6D5
14-17. Propeller Deicer Installation ........................................ ....................... 6D6
14-18. Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicer Installation ............................ .. ......... .............
6D7
14-19. Sealer Application ( Prop Boot) ..................................................................... 6D14
14-20. Sealer Application (Lead Strap) ............. .................................... ................ 6D14
14-21. Terminal Clamp Assembly ........................................................................... 6D14
14-22. Wrinkled Deicers ................................................... ................................ 6D15
14-23. Propeller Blade in Feather Position ................................................... ............ 6D20
Revised: 7/2/84 1A13

(cont.)
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
14-24. Pneumatic Deicer System Installation .................. ............... .............. 6E6

14-25. Pneumatic Deicer Boots Operation .................................................................. 6E8
14-26. Pneumatic Deicer System Schematic ............................................................... 6E8
14-27. Marking and Cutting Scuff .................... ......... ...................... 6E15
14-28. Routing Scuff ......................................................................................... 6E15
14-29. Buffing Edge of Repair .............................................................................. 6E16
14-30. Hole Through Surface of Tube ......... ......... .......... ............. 6E16
14-31. Routing to Tube Fabric ............................................................................... 6E17
14-32. Cutting Surface of Tube ......... ......... ... ............................ 6E17
14-33. Cementing Buffed Area and Patch .................................................................. 6E18
14-34. Applying and Stitching Fabric ......... .............................. ................... 6E18
14-35. Placing and Stitching Gum ........................................................................... 6E19
14-36. Removing Trapped Air ............................................................................... 6E19
14-37. Masking Repair ........................... .. ......... ................................... 6E20
14-38. Applying Neoprene Putty .................. ......................................................6E20
14-39. Propeller Synchronizer Installation ........................ ........................................ 6F5
14-40. Propeller Synchronizer Schematic .................................................................. 6F8
14-41. Propeller Synchronizer Rigging (Left Engine Only).............................................. 6F10
14-42. Trimmer Assembly ......... ......... .. ...................................................... 6F11
14-43. Test Instrument T-46192 ............................................................................. 6F14
14-44. Propeller Synchrophaser Installation (Woodward Type 1) ........................................ 6F18
14-45. Propeller Synchrophaser Diagram (Woodward Type 1) .......................................... 6F22
14-46. Propeller Synchrophaser Rigging (Left Engine Only) ................................. 6F24
14-47. Trimmer Assembly ................................................................................... 6G
14-48. 10 Pin to 8 Pin Plug Adapters, P/N 5401-018 ...................................................... 6G4
14-49. Test Instrument, WT 46192 .......................................................................... 6G5
14-50. Propeller Synchrophaser Installation (Woodward Type 11) ....................................... 6G9
14-51. Propeller Synchrophaser Diagram (Woodward Type 11) ............................. ............ 6G13
14-52. Engine Fire Detectors ..................................... ................... 6G19
14-53. Engine Fire Control System ............................................... ..................... 6G21
14-54. Engine Fire Extinguisher ............................................................................. 6G22
14-APP-1. Determining Depth of Craze ......................................................................... 6H3
14-APP-2.Visual Inspection ............................ .......................................... 6H6
14-APP-3.Crack Limitations ..................................................................................... 6H7
LIST OF TABLES
Table Aerofiche
Grid No.
11-1. Leading Particulars and Principal Dimensions ................................ 1B12
11-11. Recommended Nut Torques (Inch-Pounds) ................................. IB15
11-111. Flare Fitting Torque Chart ............................................... 1B18
II-IV. Thread Lubricants ............... ........................................ IC12
Il-V. Oxygen Servicing Table for 22, 48, and 50 Cubic Foot Cylinders .............. IDI
Il-VI. Decimal Conversion Chart ................................................ ID8
Il-VII. Consumable Materials ................................................... ID12
II-VIII. List of Vendor Publications .................. ............................ ID22
Ill-1. Ball Diameters for Testing Hose Restrictions ................................ 1
II-II. Hose Specifications ...................................................... IE12
IV-I. Control Surface Balancing (PA-31T) ....................................... 1G15
IV-II. Control Surface Balancing (PA-31TI) (With Tip Tanks) ...................... 1G16
IV-III. Control Surface Balancing (PA-31TI) (Without Tip Tanks) ................... IG17
IV-IV. Control Surface Balancing (PA-31T2) ...................................... IG18
IV-V. Paint Materials ......................................................... IH22
V-1. Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension .................................. 1112
V-11. Elevator Trim Drum and Cable Specifications ............................... 1114
V-111. Troubleshooting Chart (Surface Controls) .................................. 1L7
VI-1. Leading Particulars, Hydraulic Power Pack (Ozone) ......................... 2A20
VI-11. Leading Particulars, Hydraulic Power Pack (Wiebel Tool) .................... 2A21
VI-1ll. Inspection and Repair, Hydraulic Pump .................................... 2D12
VI-IV. Troubleshooting, Hydraulic System ........................................ 2D16
VII-1. Inspection Limits (Goodyear 9544171-4) ......... ........................... 2G5
VII-11. Inspection Limits (Goodyear 5002376) ..................................... 2H1
VII-111. Brake Wear Limits (B.F. Goodrich, 2-1435-2) ............................... 2H15
VII-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Brakes) (B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2) .................... 2H 17
VII-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Landing Gear System) .............................. 2H24
VIII-l. Propeller Specifications .................................................. 2J4
VIII-11. List of Vendor Publications ............................................... 2J4
VIII-111. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel Scavenger System) ............................. 2L1
VIII-IV. Torque System Calibration Data .......................................... 2L9
VIII-V. Cheyenne IA Torquemeter Calibration Data ................................ 2L12
VIII-VI. Cheyenne IA Torquemeter Transducer Pressure Test Specifications ............ 2L13
VIII-VII. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine) ..................... ...................... 2L18
VIIIA-1. Propeller Specifications .................................................. 3A21
VIIIA-11. List of Vendor Publications ............................................... 3A21
VIIIA-III. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel Scavenger System) ............................. 3C14
VIIIA-IV. Digital/Analog Torque Calibration Data ................................... 3C22
VIIIA-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine) ........................................... 3D3
IX-1. Test Equipment .......... ... .................. ................ ....... 3E16
IX-11. Scale Error Reading .................. ... .: ................. 3E20
IX-III. Tank Unit Capacitance (Dry) ............................................. 3E20
IX-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel Gauging System) .............................. 3E22
IX-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel System) ...................................... 3E23

IA15
LIST OF TABLES (cont.)
Table Aerofiche
Grid No.
X-I. Pitot-Static System ...................................................... 3F20

X-II`. Airspeed Indicator....................................................... 3F21
X-III. Altimeter ............................................................... 3F22
X-IV. Rate of Climb Indicator .................................................. 3F23
X-V. Magnetic Compass ...................................................... 3F24
X-VI. Pneumatic System Pressure Gauge ......................................... 3G1
X-VII. Engine Oil Pressure Gauge (Wet Direct Reading and Electric) ................. 3GI
X-VIII. Fuel Pressure Gauge (Wet Direct Reading and Electric) ...................... 3G2
X-IX. Attitude Gyro (Electric).................................................. 3G2
X-X. Directional Gyro (Electric) ................................................ 3G3
X-XI. Turn and Bank Indicator ................................................ 3G4
X-XII. Air Temperature Gauge .................................................. 3G5
X-XIII. Voltmeter .............................................................. 3G5
X-XIV. Fuel Quantity Gauge..................................................... 3G5
X-XV. Fuel Flow Gauge........................................................ 3G6
X-XVI. Oil Temperature Gauge .................................................. 3G6
X-XVII. Engine Torque Gauge .................................................... 3G7
X-XVIII. Inter-Turbine Temperature Gauge ......................................... 3G8
X-XIX. Tachometer (Propeller) ................................................... 3G8
X-XX. Engine Hour Recorder ................................................... 3G9
X-XXI. Annunciator Display..................................................... 3G9
XI-I. New Lightweight Wire Vs. Old Wire ....................................... 4A13
XI-la. Wire Resistance U.S. Length.............................................. 4A16
XI-lb. Starter-Generator Test Specifications (Lear-Siegler) .......................... 4A21
XI-II. Inspection of Components ................................................ 4A22
XI-III. Starter-Generator Test Specifications ....................................... 4B5
XI-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Starter-Generator).................................. 4B12
XI-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Electrical System) .................................. 4E10
XI-VI. Circuit Load Chart ...................................................... 4E14
XI-VII. Lamp Replacement Guide ................................................ 4E17
XI-II. Index - Electronic Installation Schematics and Harness ....................... 5A10
XIII-I. Leading Particulars (Axial Flow Fan) (Dynamic Air) ........................ 5C1
XIII-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Recirculating Fan) (Dynamic Air) .................... 5C2
XII-III. Inspection .............................................................. 5C14
XIII-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Heating).......................................... 5D14
XIII-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Auxiliary Heater) .................................. 5D20
XIII-VI. Temperature Pressure Chart (Standing System) ............................. 5E1
XIII-VII. Aluminum Tubing Torque ............................................... 5E2
XIII-VIII. Vacuum Vs. Temperature ................................................. 5E6
XIII-IX. Compressor Belt Tension ................................................. 5E13
XIII-X. Troubleshooting Chart (Air Conditioning) .................................. 5F11
XIII-XI. Cabin Differential Pressure Switch Specifications ............................ 5F21
Revised: 7/2/844 1A16

PIPER CHEYENNESERVICEMANUAL
LIST OF TABLES (cont.)
Table Aerofiche
Grid No.
XIII-XIA. Troubleshooting Chart (Pressurization System) (DUKES) ........... ...... 5G23
XIII-XII. Troubleshooting Chart (Pressurization System) (GARRETT) ................. 5H15
XIIIA-I. Cabin Differential Pressure Switch Specifications ........................... 6A21
XIIIA-IA. Troubleshooting (PA-31T2 Pressurization System) ........................... 6B3
XIIIA-II. Troubleshooting (PA-31T2 Environmental Control System) ................... 6B16
XIV-I. Oxygen System Components Limits ...................... ................. 6C9
XIV-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Oxygen System) ................................... 6C11
XIV-III. Power Requirement for 28 VDC System ......... .......................... 6D3
XIV-IV. Required Materials for Repair of Deicers .................................. 6D9
XIV-V. Electrical Resistance ..................................................... 6D16
XIV-VA. Electrical Resistance - Lip Deicer (S/N 31T-8304001 and up).................. 6D16
XIV-VB. Lip Deicer - Temperature/Sensor Check. ..... ............ .................. 6D17
XIV-VI. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine Deicer System) .............................. 6D 22
XIV-VII. Operating Pressures . ......... ........ .... ...... ........................ 6E7
XIV-VIII. Materials and Supplies for Cold Repairs ................................... 6E10
XIV-IX. Materials for Vulcanized Repairs ..... ...... ............................... 6E12
XIV-X. Equipment and Tools for Vulcanized Repairs ...... ......................... 6E14
XIV-XI. Troubleshooting Pneumatic Deicer System ................................. 6F2
XIV-XII. Synchronizer Wiring Test................................................. 6F6
XIV-XIII. Aircraft Wiring Check with Actuator Removed ....... ...................... 6F12
XIV-XIV. Troubleshooting Chart (Actuator) ................ ......................... 6F13
XIV-XV. Troubleshooting Chart (Propeller Synchronizer) ............................. 6F15
XIV-XVI. Synchrophaser Wiring Test (Woodward Type I) .. ........................... 6F19
XIV-XVII. Bench Testing the Actuator ......... .......... ............................ 6G3
XIV-XVIII. Troubleshooting Chart (Actuator) ......................................... 6G4
XIV-XIX. Troubleshooting Chart (Propeller Synchrophaser) (Woodward
Type I)............................................................... 6G6
XIV-XX. Synchrophaser Wiring Test (Woodward Type II) ............................ 6G11
XIV-XXI. Magnetic Pickup Voltage Output Test... .... .. .... ......................... 6G12
XIV-XXII. Troubleshooting Chart (Propeller Synchrophaser) (Woodward
Type II) .............................................................. 6G17
XIV-XXIII. Pressure Temperature Correction ................ ........................ 6G22
XV-I. Electrical Wire Coding ................................................. 7A13
XV-II. Electrical Symbols ... .................. .............. .................. 7A14
XVA-I. Electrical Wire Coding ................ ......... ....... ................... 8A6
XVA-II. Electrical Symbols .. ................ ................................... 8A7
Revised: 7/2/84
1A17
LIST OF CHARTS
Chart Aerofiche
Grid No.
2-1. Lubrication Chart (Landing Gears) ....................................... IC15

2-2. Lubrication Chart (Control System)............ ....... ................ 1C17
2-3. Lubrication Chart (Power Plant and Accessories) .............................. IC19
8-1. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet (PA-31T) ................................... 2K11
8-2. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet (PA-31T1) .................................. 2K12
8-3. 2000 RPM Torque Curve ......... ......... ................................. 2K13
8-4. Fuel Flow (PA-31 T) ....................................................... 2K14
8-5. Gas Generator Speed/Data Plate Speed (PA-31T) ............................. 2K15
8-6. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31T) ......................................... 2K16
8-7. Torque (PA-31T) .......................................................... 2K17
8-8. Data Plate Speed Ratio Curve (PA-31T) ..................................... 2K18
8-9. Fuel Flow (PA-31TI) ...................................................... 2K19
8-10. Gas Generator Speed....................................................... 2K19
8-11. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31TI) ........................................ 2K20
8-12. Torque (PA-31TI) ......................................................... 2K20
8A-1. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet ............................................ 3C4
8A-2. Fuel Flow (PA-31T2) ...................................................... 3C5
8A-3. Gas Generator Speed (PA-31T2).............................................. 3C5
8A-4. Torque (PA-31T2) ......................................................... 3C5
8A-5. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31T2) ........................................ 3C6
8A-6. 1700 RPM Torque Setting (PA-31T2) ........................................ 3C7
9-1. Fuel Cell Repair Equipment Lists............................................ 3D24
11-1. S.A.S. Angle Relationships ................................................. 4E8
Revised:
7/2/84
1A18
SECTION
I
INTRODUCTION
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
1-1. General ............... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . 1A2 0...
1-2. Scope of Manual ......... . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . IA2 0
1-3. Description ............. . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . 1IA20
1-4. Fuselage ............... . .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . I A20
1-5. Wing ................. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . IA20
1-6. Empennage ............. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . IA20
1-7. Flight Controls ........... . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . IA20
1-8. HydraulicSystem ......... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . .. . IA20
1-9. LandingGear ............ . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. IA20
1-10. Engines ............... . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. IA20
1-11. Propellers .............. . ..... . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . .... .. . IA2 1...
1-12. Fuel System ............ . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . IA2 1
1-13. EnvironmentalControl System . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . IA2 1
1-14. Instruments ............. . .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . IA2 1
1-15. Electronic Equipment ....... . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. . . . . .. . . 1A21
1-16. PressurizationSystem ....... . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . IA2 1
Revised: 1/5/84
1A19
SECTION I
INTRODUCTION
1-1. GENERAL. This manual contains service and maintenance instructions for the Piper Cheyenne.
designed and manufactured as a versatile aircraft in the personal and business aviation field by the Piper
Aircraft Corporation, Lock Haven. Pennsylvania.
1-2. SCOPE OF MANUAL. Sections II and III comprise the service part of this manual, Sections IV
through XIV comprise the maintenance instructions and Section XV comprise the electrical schematics. The
service instructions include ground handling, servicing and inspection. The maintenance instructions for
each system include troubleshooting. removal and installation of components, and corrective maintenance
and testing each major system of the airplane is covered in a separate section, and ample illustrations to
supplement the text are located as closely as possible to the related instructions. Only qualified personnel
should perform the operations described in this manual.
1-3. DESCRIPTION. The Piper Cheyenne is a six to ten place pressurized, twin-engine turboprop,
low-wing monoplane of all metal construction. The following paragraphs provide descriptions of the major
components and systems.
1-4. FUSELAGE. The fuselage is a semi-monocoque structure that consists of three basic units: The nose
section, the pressurized cabin section and the tail cone section.
1-5. WING. The laminar flow wing is of all metal stressed skin, full cantilever design, consisting of two
wing panels bolted together at the center of the fuselage. Wing tip tanks may be installed, depending on the
installation. The ailerons are cable and push rod controlled and are statically and dynamically balanced. The
trailing edge wing flaps are electrically operated.
1-6. EMPENNAGE. The empennage consists of the vertical stabilizer (fin), rudder with a servo trim tab,
horizontal stabilizer, and elevator with tabs. The control surfaces are cable controlled and are dynamically
and statically balanced.
1-7. FLIGHT CONTROLS. The flight controls are conventional, consisting of dual control wheels that
operate the ailerons and elevator, and dual foot pedals that operate the rudder. The trim tabs for each control
are operated by wheels or knobs located in the control pedestal along with the position indicators for each tab.
1-8. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM. Two separate hydraulic systems are incorporated in the airplane. The main
system is the hydraulic power pack that operates the landing gear and inboard main gear door actuating
cylinders. The second system operates the airplane's brake system.
1-9. LANDING GEAR. The tricycle landing gear system is hydraulically operated and fully retractable with
doors that completely cover the gear when retracted. The gear struts are air-oil type units. The PA-31T2 is
equipped with an independent emergency gear extension system, other than the hand pump.
1-10. ENGINES. The Piper Cheyenne is powered by two Pratt and Whitney PT6A turboprop engines, which
are reverse flow, free-turbine engines. (Refer to Section 11, Table 11-1for Leading Particulars.)
Revised: 1/5/84 lA20 INTRODUCTION

1-11. PROPELLERS. The propellers used are Hartzell three blade, constant speed, full feathering,
reversing propellers, controlled by engine oil through single-acting engine-driven propeller governors.
1-12. FUEL SYSTEM. The aircraft fuel system consists of four individual, interconnected tanks in each
wing, an inboard and outboard bladder type fuel cell, a wet nacelletank, and a wing tip tank dependingupon
the installation. Both the left and right fuel systems are independent of each other and are connected only by a
crossfeed system. Fuel is supplied to the engine by one of two submerged fuel pumps located in each inboard
tank. (Refer to Section II. Table II-I for Leading Particulars.)
1-13. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM. The heating, air conditioning, ventilating, defrosting.
and dehumidification of the airplane's cabin are all controlled from the cabin comfort control panel located on
the lower right instrument panel. The pressurization controls are mounted on the lower left instrument panel
and are grouped together for ease of operation.
1-14. INSTRUMENTS. Provisions for the instrument installation includes panels for engine instruments
and advance flight instruments, as well as space for an optional second set of flight instruments for the
copilot. Flight instruments are shock mounted to minimize vibration transmitted to the panel.
1-15. ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. Provisions for electronic equipment include various combinations of
radio installations. Autopilot and radar.
1-16. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM. Pressurization air for the cabin of the Piper Cheyenne is obtained by
using high pressure engine compressor bleed air. Pressurization provides a cabin range from sea level to
10.000 feet above sea level.
Revised: 1/5/84 INTRODUCTION

1A21
SECTION II
HANDLING AND SERVICING
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
2-1. Introduction .............................................................. IA24

2-2. Dimensions ............................................................... 1A24
2-3. Serial Number Plates ....................................................... 1A24
2-4. Weight and Balance Data ................................................... 1A24
2-5. Station Reference Lines .................................................... A24
2-6. Access and Inspection Provisions ............................................ 1A24
2-7. Tools and Test Equipment .................................................. 1B14
2-8. Torque Requirements ...................................................... B14
2-9. Ground Handling.......................................................... 1B18
2-10. Introduction to Ground Handling ................................... 1B18
2-11. Jacking .......................................................... 1B18
2-12. Weighing ........................................................ B19
2-13. Leveling ......................................................... B19
2-14. Mooring .... ..................................................... B20
2-15. Parking .......................................................... 1
2-16. Towing .................................... .................... 1B21
2-17. Taxiing .......................................................... B21
2-18. External Power Receptacle .................................................. B23
2-19. Operation of External Power Receptacle ............................. 1B23
2-20. Servicing ....................................... ... . 1B23
2-21. General .......................................................... B23
2-22. Fuel System ....................................... 1B23
2-23. Servicing Fuel System ....... ...................................... B23
2-24. Filling Fuel Cells ................................................. 1B23
2-25. Draining Moisture From Fuel System ............................... IC1
2-26. Draining Fuel System ....... .......................... 1C1
2-27. Procedure for Removing Biological Fuel Contamination ............... IC2
2-28. Brake System ................................... .......................... IC4
2-29. Servicing Brake System ................................. IC4
2-30. Filling Brake Cylinder Reservoir .................................... 1C4
2-31. Draining Brake System ............................................ 1C4
2-32. Oleo Struts .................................... ........................... IC4
2-33. Servicing Oleo Struts ..................... ......................... 1C4
2-34. Adding Fluid to Struts ............................................ IC5
2-35. Filling Oleo Struts ................................................ IC5
2-36. Inflating Oleo Struts ........................................ IC6
2-37. Landing Gear ............................................................. 1C6
2-38. Servicing Landing Gear ............................................ 1C6

1A22
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
2-39. Tires ..................................................................... 1C6

2-40. Servicing Tires ...................... ....... 1C6
2-40a. Tire Balancing....................... . . .. .
1C6
2-40b. Construction of Tire Balancer ......... 1C6
2-41. Hydraulic System ............................. ........... · .... 1C7
2-42. Servicing Hydraulic Brake System ..... ............ 1C7
2-43. Servicing Hydraulic Power Pack....... . .
....
. . .
IC7
.... .
2-44. Propeller................................... . . ... . 1C8
2-45. Servicing Propeller................... ............ ...... IC8
2-46. Electrical System ............................. ............ ...... .. ... IC8
2-47. Servicing Electrical System............ ............ ..... IC8
2-48. Lubrication System (Engine) ................... ............
............ .... . IC8
2-49. Servicing and Lubrication System...... ............ .... . IC8
2-50. Oil Level Check ..................... ............ . . ... IC9
2-51. Chip Detector/Drain Plug ............ ............ .... . 1C9
2-52. Removal of Chip Detector ............ ............
IC9
2-53. Inspection of Chip Detector ........... IC10O
......
. . .. .
............
2-54. Installation of Chip Detector .......... .. .... IC10
2-55. Changing Oil........................ IC10
.... .
2-56. Servicing Oil Filter Element .......... IC10
............................ 1C11
2-58. Lubrication............................................................... ICII
2-59. Lubrication Instructions ........................................... 1C11
2-60. Application of Grease ............................................. 1C11
2-61. Application of Oil ................................................ 1CII
2-62. Lubrication of Threads ............................................ IC12
2-63. Lubrication of Gaskets and Seals ................................... IC12
2-64. Lubrication Charts................................................ IC12
2-65. Engine Accessory Drive Shafts Lubrication........................... IC12
2-66. Oxygen System ............................................................ IC24
2-67. Servicing Oxygen System .......................................... IC24
2-68. Oxygen System Safety Precautions .................................. 1C24
2-69. Filling Oxygen Cylinder ........................................... IC24
2-70. Pressurization System ...................................................... ID4
2-71. Air Conditioning System ................................................... ID4
2-72. Cleaning................................................................. ID4
2-73. Field Cleaning Engine ............................................. ID4
2-74. Engine 'Compressor Washing ....................................... ID5
2-75. Cleaning Landing Gear ............................................ ID5
2-76. Cleaning Exterior Surfaces ......................................... ID6
2-77. Cleaning Windshield and Windows ................................. ID6
2-78. Cleaning Headliner. Side Panels and Seats ........................... ID6
2-79. Cleaning Wood Surfaces ........................................... ID6
2-80. Cleaning Carpets ................................................. ID7
2-8 . Cleaning Toilet ................................................... ID7
2-82. Airplane Finish Care ............................................. ID7
2-83. Electric Windshield Wipers ................................................. ID7
Revised: 1/5/84
1A23
SECTION II
HANDLING AND SERVICING
2-1. INTRODUCTION. This section contains routine handling and servicing procedures that are most
frequently encountered. Frequent reference to this section will aid the individual by providing information
such as the location of various components, ground handling procedures, routine service procedures and
lubrication. When any system or component requires service other than the routine procedures as outlined in
this section, refer to the appropriate section for that component.
2-2 DIMENSIONS. The principal airplane dimensions are shown in Figure 2-1 for the PA-31T and
PA-31TI and in Figure 2-2 dimensions are shown for the PA-31T2.
2-3. SERIAL NUMBER PLATES. The serial number plate for the airplane is located near the tail skid. The
MAA plate is located under the lower front corner of the entrance door. The engine number plates are located
on the left rear side of the engines on the accessory case.
2-4. WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA. When figuring various weight and balance computations the
weight and empty weight center of gravity of the airplane may be found in the Weight and Balance Form of the
Airplane Flight Manual.
2-5. STATION REFERENCE LINES. In order to facilitate the location of various components of the
airplane which require maintenance and servicing, a method utilizing fuselage station, wing station or buttock
line (BL), and water line (WL) designations is frequently employed in this manual. (Refer to Figure 2-3.)
Fuselage stations, buttock lines, and water lines are reference points measured by inches in the vertical or
horizontal direction from a given reference line which indicates station locations of structural members of the
airplane. Station 0 of the fuselage on the PA-31T and PA-31T1 is 16.50 aft of the nose and 40.50 for the
PA-31T2. Station 0 (BL) of the wing, horizontal stabilizer and elevator is the center line of the airplane; and
station 0 (WL) of the vertical stabilizer and rudder is 15.82inches above the cabin floor with the airplane level.
The reference datum line is located at the main spar, fuselage station 137.
2-6. ACCESS AND INSPECTION PROVISIONS. The access and inspection provisions for the airplane
are shown in Figures 2-4 thru 2-6. The component to be serviced or inspected through each opening is assigned
an index number to identify it in the illustration. All access plates and panels are secured by either metal
fasteners or screws.
NOTE
Before removing any access plates or panels in the pressurized

portion of the fuselage, refer to Section IV to determine the sealing
requirement.
The floor panels may be removed by first removing the desired seats, then removing the carpet, thus
exposing the floor panel attachment screws. Carefully remove the floor panels so as not to damage the seals.
To enter the aft section of the fuselage, remove the access panels on either side of the fuselage aft to station 274.
Reissued: 2/6/81 1A24 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1A24
PIPERCHEYENNESERVICEMANUAL
*WITHOUT TIP TANKS

1330 *WITH TIP TANKS
'41'1"
**42'8.12"
Figure 2-1. Three View of the Piper Cheyenne

(PA-31T and PA-31TI)
Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLINGAND SERVICING

1B1
PIPER CHEYENNE SERVICEMANUAL
DIA.
STATIC GROUND LINE
Figure 2-2. Three View of the Piper Cheyenne (PA-31T2)
Reissued:2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1B2
3071
FACE
Figure 2-3. Station Reference Lines (cont.)
Added: 10/15/82 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1B4
Figure 2-3. Station Reference Lines (cont.)
Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1B5
475 PA-31T & PA-31T1
11 13
14
1. GENERATOR SUPPLY CABLE, RIGHT 9. CONTROL CABLES

2. GENERATOR SUPPLY CABLE, LEFT - BATTERY CABLE 10. AUTOPILOT ROLL SERVO
3. ELECTRICAL LEADS 11. CONTROL CABLE
4. NOSE WHEEL STEERING 12. CABIN DOOR SEAL SOLENOID
S. ENGINE INSTRUMENT LINES 13. ELECTRICAL WIRES
6. ENGINE INSTRUMENT LINES AND CONTROL CABLES 14. SAS COMPUTER
7. TRIM CABLES 15. SAS VANE
8. CABIN PRESSURE LINES AND PNEUMATIC LINES AND REGULATOR
PA-31T & PA-31T1
1. AUXIUARY POWER RECEPTACLE

2. OXYGEN CYLINDERRECHARGE
3. HYDRAULIC LINES AND ELECTRICALLEADS
4. ELECTRICALFUEL PUMP - CROSSFEEDVALVE EMERGENCYSHUTOFFVALVE
5. ELECTRICAL
LEAD
6. WING BUTTCONNECTION
FITTING
7. SPARSPLICE 11. GEARDOORS
8. PRESSURIZATION
SYSTEMVALVE- AIRSUPPLYLINES 12. BATTERYACCESS.RADAR
9. AILERONCONTROLCABLE- FLAPCABLE- ELECTRICAL
LEADS 13. AIR CONDITIONER
EVAPORATORCOVERDRAIN
10. QUADRANT- CONTROLCABLES 14. PULLEYAND CABLEINSPECTION
Figure 2-4. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage Interior, Fuselage and Empennage (PA-31T & PA-31TI)

1B6
18 19
1334 16
PA-31T & PA-31T1
36
24
15. EMERGENCY EXITWINDOW 31. AIR CONDITIONEREVAPORATOR COVER DRAIN

16. VERTICAL FIN DEICERBOOT CONNECTION.ELT TRANSMITTER 32. NOSE CONE LATCH RELEASEACCESS
17. RUDDER TRIM DRUM 33. AUXILIARY POWER RECEPTACLE
18. FIN TIP 34. OXYGEN CYLINDERRECHARGE
19. RUDDER BALANCE WEIGHT 35. BATTERYACCESS, RADAR
20. ELEVATORTORQUE TUBE 36. HYDRAULIC RESERVOIR- BRAKE SYSTEM
21. RUDDER CONTROL HORN
22. TRIM CABLES
23. TRIM CABLES AND ELEVATOR BELLCRANK, ELECTRONICGEAR
24. DEICERAND INSTRUMENT STATIC AIR LINES - CONTROLCABLES - PRESSURIZATIONCONTROL VALVES
25. RUDDER PEDAL TORQUE TUBE REMOVE ACCESS
26. ELECTRICALLEAD - LINESTO ENGINE INSTRUMENTS
27. ELECTRICALLEAD LINES
28. RADIOS - ELECTRICALSHELF
29. NOSE BAGGAGE DOOR
30. NOSE CONE LATCH RELEASE ACCESS
(AIRCRAFT MODEL PA-31T, SERIAL NUMBERS 31T-7400002 to 31T-7520032 INCLUSIVE)
Figure 2-4. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage Interior, Fuselage and Empennage
(PA-31T and PA-31T1) (cont)

1B7
1. GENERATORSUPPLYCABLERIGHT 8. CABINPRESSURE LINESAND BLEEDAIR

2. GENERATORSUPPLYCABLE,LEFT- BATTERY CABLE 9. CONTROLCABLES
3. LEADS
ELECTRICAL 10. AUTOPILOTROLLSERVO
4. NOSEWHEELSTEERING 11. CONTROLCABLE
5. ENGINEINSTRUMENTLINES.AND BLEEDAIR 12. CABINDOOR SEAL SOLENOIDVALVE
6. ENGINEINSTRUMENTLINESAND CONTROLCABLES 13. WIRES
ELECTRICAL
7. TRIMCABLES 14. CABINPRESSURE LINES,BLEEDAIRAND BLEEDAIR COOLINGFAN
12
1. AUXILIARYPOWER RECEPTACLE
2. OXYGENCYLINDERRECHARGE
3. HYDRAULIC LEADS
LINESAND ELECTRICAL
4. ELECTRICFUELPUMP - SELECTORVALVE- EMERGENCY SHUTOFFVALVE
5. ELECTRICALLEAD
8. WING BUTTCONNECTIONFITTING
7. SPAR SPLICE
8. HYDRAULIC RESERVOIR
9. AILERONCONTROLCABLE- FLAPCABLE- ELECTRICAL LEADS
10. QUADRANT- CONTROLCABLES
11. GEARDOORS
12. BATTERY ACCESS,RADAR
13. HYDRAULIC RESERVOIR- BRAKESYSTEM
14. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLUNITS HYDRAULIC SERVICEHOOKUP- LANDINGGEAR
15. EMERGENCYEXIT
16. VERTICALFIN DEICERBOOTCONNECTION, ELTTRANSMISSION
Figure 2-5. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage Interior, Fuselage and Empennage (PA-31T2)

1B8
18 19
12 1 2 28
19 18
17. RUDDERTRIMDRUM
18. ANTI-COLLSION- ANTENNACOUPLERBOX
19. RUDDERBALANCEWEIGHT
20. ELEVATORTRIMDRUM
21. RUDDERCONTROLHORN
22. TRIMCABLES
23. TRIMCABLESAND ELEVATORBELLCRANK. ELECTRONIC
GEAR
24. DEICERANDINSTRUMENTSTATICAIR LINES- CONTROLCABLES- PRESSURIZATION
CONTROLVALVES
25. RUDDERPEDALTORQUETUBEREMOVEACCESS
26. ELECTRICALLEAD- LINESTO ENGINEINSTRUMENTS
27. CO2 BLOWDOWNBOTTLES
28. RADIOS- ELECTRICALSHELF
29. NOSE BAGGAGEDOOR
30. NOSE CONE LATCHRELEASEACCESSINSIDEBAGGAGECOMPARTMENT
31. FUELAND HYDRAULIC LINES
32. PULLEYAND CABLEINSPECTION
33. CIRCUITBREAKERS
Figure 2-5. Access Plates and Panels, FuselageInterior, Fuselageand Empennage(PA-31T2)(cont.)

IG
1B9
NOTE NOTE
THIS ACCESS PANEL MUST BE IF FLUX DETECTOR IS INSTALLED.
INSTALLED WITH BRASS SCREWS THIS ACCESS PANEL MUST BE
ONLY. INSTALLED WITH BRASS SCREWS
ONLY.
3 4 3
1. INSPECTION, VENT LINE 17. FLAP LIMIT SWITCHES

2. INSPECTION ACCESS 18. LANDING GEAR DOOR
3. FUEL CELL 19. CABLES AND WIRES
4. FUEL SENDING UNIT - PA-31T & PA-31T1 ONLY 20. FLAP CABLE - AILERON CONTROL
5. LINES -WIRES -CABLES CABLE - ELECTRICAL LEADS
6. FUEL FILLER, TIP TANK 21. FUEL QUICK DRAIN
7. FLUX DETECTOR 22. FLAP CABLE - AILERON CONTROL
8. TRANSFORMER, STROBE LIGHT CABLE FREON LINES
9. ELECTRONIC GEAR 23. AILERON TRIM DRUM
10. AILERON BELLCRANK 24. WING BAY ACCESS
11. ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP 25. INSPECTION - FUEL LINES
12. AILERON CABLE AND FUEL LINE 26. FUEL CELL VENT
13. AILERON CONTROL CABLE 27. FUEL CELL VENT LINE
14. FLAP TANSMISSION 28. LANDING GEAR ATTACHMENT BOLT
15. FLAP TIME DELAY SWITCH 29. WIRES AND LINES
16. PNEUMATIC LINES 30. FUEL LINES AND CABIN PRESSURE LINES
31. FUEL SENDER UNIT
Figure 2-6. Access Plates and Panel, Wings

1B10
LEFT NACELLE RIGHTNACELLE
10
1. ICE DEFLECTORDOORROD 6. FUELSENDER

2. FUELFILTER 7. FUELFILLERCAP
3. HEATEXCHANGER AND PLUMBING 8. JET PUMP
4. OILFILLERQUANTITYDIPSTICK 9. BLEEDAIRAND PNEUMATIC
LINES
5. OILCOOLERDOORTRANSMISSION(RIGHTNACELLE 10. OIL COOLERDOOR
ONLY:AIR CONDTIONING,
CONDENSORAND FAN) 11. WASH RING
Figure 2-6. Access Plates and Panel, Wings (cont.)

1B11
TABLE II-I. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS

MODEL
ENGINE
Manufacturer Pratt and Whitney Aircraft
of Canada Limited
Model PT6A-281 PT6A-112 PT6A-1355
Engine Type Free Turbine
Horsepower Ratings 6201 5 5002
Oil Specification PWA 521 (Type II), CPW-202
or 120012
(Refer to SB No. 100111.5
latest revision)
Oil Tank Capacity 2.3 U.S. gal.
Fuel Specification PWA 522 (latest revision)or
CPW 46 (latest revision)
PROPELLER
Manufacturer Hartzell
Type Constant Speed - Feathering and
Reversing
Hub HC-B3TN-3B
Blade or T10173B-812or
T10173-HB81.2
T10178B-85
Diameter 93 in.
Overspeed Governor Model 210598
FUEL SYSTEM CAPACITY

Total System Capacity 308 U.S. gal. 3,2 374 U.S. gal.4
Unusable Fuel 8.0 U.S. gal. 8.0 U.S. gal.
FOOTNOTES:
(1) PA-31T ONLY (3) WITHOUT TIP TANKS (5) PA-31T2 ONLY
(2) PA-31T1 ONLY (4) WITH TIP TANKS
Revised: 7/2/84 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1B12
I TABLE II-I. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS

LANDING GEAR
Type Hydraulic
Shock Strut Type Combination Air and Oil
Wheel, Nose R.F. Goodrich, 3-133111.5 or 3-107612
Wheel, Main Goodyear, 9544171-1 12
Cleveland, 40-10612
B.F. Goodrich, 3-13925 or 3-14245
Brake Goodyear, 500237612
Cleveland, 30-1061.2
B.F. Goodrich, 2-1435-25
Tire Nose 18 x 4.4, 6 ply rating, Type VII tube-
less1.5for B.F. Goodrich, 3-1331.
(Inflate to 90 psi.)
17.5 x 6.25-6, 10 ply tube type for
B.F. Goodrich, 3-1076 or for Cleve-
lands 40-140.1.2(Inflate to 80 psi.)
Tire Main 6.50 x 10, 10 ply, Type III Ribbed
2 ) (Inflate to
Tread. (Inflate to 80 psi1.
91 psi5).
FOOTNOTES:
(1) PA-31T ONLY (3) WITHOUT TIP TANKS (5) PA-31T2 ONLY
2) PA-31T1 ONLY (4) WITH TIP TANKS

1B13
Figure 2-7. Jacking Configuration Typical)
2-7. TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPM ENT. Some special tools other than normal shop tools will be required to
service the aircraft. An illustrated list of tools required may be found in Figure 2-16 at the end of this section.
2-8. TORQUE REQUIREMENTS. The torque values given in Table II-II are derived from oil free
cadmium-plated threads and are recommended for all airframe installation procedures where torquing is
required, unless otherwise noted in sections where other values are stipulated. Engine torque values are found
in the latest revision of Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual (refer to Table II-VIII for
appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual), and propeller torque values are found in
Section VIII or Section VIIIA of this manual. Table II-III lists the torque values for flared fittings of various
sizes and material.
NOTE
When flared fittings are being installed, ascertain that the male
threads are properly lubricated. Torque the fittings in accordance
with Table II-III.
CAUTION
Do not over torque fittings.
Revised: 9/23/81 HANDLINGANDSERVICING

1B14
TABLE 11-11.RECOMMENDED NUT TORQUES
TORQUES: The importance of correct application cannot be overemphasized. Undertorque can result in
unnecessary wear of nuts and bolts as well as the parts they are holding together. When insufficient pressures
are applied, uneven loads will be transmitted throughout the assembly which may result in excessive wear or
premature failure due to fatigue. Overtorque can be equally damaging because of failure of a bolt or nut from
overstressing the thread areas. The following procedures should be followed to assure that the correct torque is
applied:
1. Torque (self-locking fasteners) - Add the friction torque from Chart A for sizes 8 through 7/ 16to
the recommended torque from Chart B to get the final torque. This would be the actual reading on
the torque wrench.
2. Torque (castellated and non-self-locking nuts) - Use only the torque given in Chart B. Unless
otherwise specified. when castellated nuts are used with a cotter pin on movingjoints. do not torque
the nut. Turn the nut onto the bolt until proper grip is established and alignment with the cotter pin
hole is achieved. Then install the cotter pin.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:
1. Calibrate the torque wrench periodically to assure accuracy; recheck frequently.
2. Ascertain that the bolt and nut threads are clean and dry (unless otherwise specified by the
manufacturer). If the bolt or nut is specified to be lubricated prior to tightening, the torque range
should be reduced 50 percent.
3. Use a bolt length long enough to prevent bearing loads on the threads. The complete chamfer or end
radius of the bolt or screw must extend through the nut.
4. Unique torques specified in the text of this manual supersede the torques given in Charts A and B.
5. Refer to the latest revision of the appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual for
torques on parts used on engines.
6. A maximum of two AN960 washers may be added under the bolt heads or nuts to correct for
variations in material thickness within the tolerances permitted.
7. Limitations of the use of self-locking nuts, bolts and screws including fasteners with non-metallic
inserts are as follows:
A. Fasteners incorporating self-locking devices shall not be reused if they can be run up using only
fingers. They may be reused if hand tools are required to run them up. providing there is no
obvious damage to the self-locking device prior to installation.
B. Bolts 5 16 inch diameter and over with cotter pin holes may be used with self-locking nuts.
Nuts with non-metallic locking devices may be used in this application only if the bolts are free
from burrs around the cotter pin hole.
C. Do not use self-locking nuts at joints which subject either the nut or the bolt to rotation.
D. Never tap or rethread self-locking fasteners. Do not use nuts. bolts or screws with damaged
threads or rough ends.

1B1S
TABLE II-II. RECOMMENDED NUT TORQUES (cont.)
TABLE B
BOLTS
Steel Tension
AN 3 thru AN 20
AN 42 thru AN 49
TABLE A
AN 73 thru AN 81
AN 173 thru AN 186
BOLT FRICTION DRAG MS 20033 thru MS 20046
TORQUE (IN LBS ) MS 20073
SIZE
15 MS 20074
8'
10 18 AN 509 NK9
1/4 30 MS 24694
5/16 60 AN 525 NK525
3/8 80 MS 27039
7/16 100
NUTS
*APPLICABLE TO COARSE THREADS ONLY
Steel Tension Steel Shear
AN 310 AN 320
AN 315 AN 364
AN 363 NAS 1022
AN 365 MS 17826
NAS 1021 MS 20364
MS 17825
MS 21045
MS 20365
MS 20500
NAS 679
COARSE THREAD SERIES
Nut-bolt Torque Limits Torque Limits

size in-lbs in-lbs
Min. Max. Min Max
8 -32 12 15 7 9
10 -24 20 25 12 15
1/4-20 40 50 25 30
5/16-18 80 90 48 55
3/8-16 160 185 95 110
7/16-14 235 255 140 155
1/2-13 400 480 240 290
9/16-12 500 700 300 420
5/8-11 700 900 420 540
3/4-10 1.150 1,600 700 950
7/8- 9 2.200 3,000 1.300 1,800
a 1 -8 3.700 5,000 2.200 3,000
1-1/8-8 5.500 6,500 3.300 4,000
1-1/4-8 6.500 8,000 4,000 5,000
Revised:1/5/84 1B16 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1B16
TABLE II-II. RECOMMENDED NUT TORQUES (cont.)
BOLTS BOLTS BOLTS

Steel Tension Steel Tension Aluminum
AN 3 thru AN 20 MS 20004 thru MS 20024 AN 3DD thru AN 20DD

AN 42 thru AN 49 NAS 144 thru NAS 158 AN 173DD thru AN 186DD
AN 73 thru AN 81 NAS 333 thru NAS 340 AN 509DD
AN 173 thru AN 186 NAS 583 thru NAS 590 AN 525D
MS 20033 thru MS 20046 NAS 624 thru NAS 644 MS 27039D
MS 20073 NAS 1303 thru NAS 1320 MS 24694DD
MS 20074 NAS 172
AN 509 NK9 NAS 174
MS 24694 NAS 517 Steel shear bolt
AN 525 NK525
MS 27039 NAS 464
NUTS NUTS NUTS
Steel Tension Steel Shear Steel Tension Steel Shear Alum. Tension Alum. Shear
AN 310 AN 320 AN 310 AN 320 AN 365D AN 320D
AN 315 AN 364 AN 315 AN 364 AN 310D AN 364D
AN 363 NAS 1022 AN 363 NAS 1022 NAS 1021D NAS 1022D
AN 365 MS 17826 AN 365 MS 17826
NAS 1021 MS 20364 MS 17825 MS 20364
MS 17825 MS 20365
MS 21045 MS 21045
MS 20365 NAS 1021
MS 20500 NAS 679
NAS 679 NAS 1291
FINE THREAD SERIES
Nut-bolt Torque Limits Torque Limits Torque Limits Torque Limits Torque Limits Torque Limits
size in-lbs in-lbs in-lbs in-lbs in-lbs in-lbs
Min Max. Min. Max Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max Min. Max
8 -36 12 15 7 9 5 10 3 6
10 -32 20 25 12 15 25 30 15 20 10 15 5 10
1/4-28 50 70 30 40 80 100 50 60 30 45 15 30
5/16-24 100 140 60 85 120 145 70 90 40 65 25 40
3/8-24 160 190 95 110 200 250 120 150 75 110 45 70
7/16- 20 450 500 270 300 520 630 300 400 180 280 110 170
1/2-20 480 690 290 410 770 950 450 550 280 410 160 260
9/16-18 800 1,000 480 600 1,100 1,300 650 800 380 580 230 360
5/8-18 1,100 1,300 660 780 1,250 1,550 750 950 550 670 270 420
3/4-16 2,300 2,500 1,300 1,500 2,650 3,200 1,600 1,900 950 1,250 560 880
7/8-14 2,500 3,000 1,500 1,800 3,550 4,350 2,100 2,690 1,250 1,900 750 1,200
1 -14 3,700 4,500 2,200 3,300 4.500 5,500 2,700 3,300 1,600 2.400 950 1.500
1-1/8-12 5,000 7,000 3,000 4.200 6,000 7.300 3,600 4,400 2,100 3,200 1,250 2,000
1-1/4-12 9,000 11,000 5,400 6,600 11,000 13,400 6,600 8,000 3,900 5,600 2,300 3,650

1B17
TABLE II-II. FLARE FITTINGTORQUECHART

TORQUE- INCHPOUND
TUBING ALUMINUM- ALLOY STEELTUBING HOSE END FITTING

OD TUBINGFLARE-AND FLARE AND
INCHES 10061 OR AND 10078 AND 10061 HOSEASSEMBLIES
MINIMUMMAXIMUMMINIMUMMAXIMUMMINIMUMMAXIMUM
1/8
3/16 90 100 70 100
1/4 40 65 135 150 70 120
5/16 60 80 180 200 85 180
3/8 75 125 270 300 100 250
1/2 150 250 450 500 210 420
5/8 200 350 650 700 300 480
3/4 300 500 900 1000 500 850
500 700 1200 1400 700 1150
1-1/4 600 900
1-1/2 600 900
1-3/4
2
2-9. GROUND HANDLING.
2-10. INTRODUCTION TO GROUND HANDLING. Ground handling covers all essential information
governing the handling of the airplane while on the ground. This includes jacking, weighing, leveling;
mooring, parking, towing and taxiing. When the airplane is handled in the manner described in the
following paragraphs, damage to the airplane and its equipment will be prevented.
2-1 1. JACKING. The airplane is provided with a jacking pad on each main sparjust outboard of the engine
nacelle and a support position by making use of the tail skid. (Refer to Figure 2-7.) To jack the airplane.
proceed as follows:
a. Place the jacks under the jack pads.
b. Attach the tail support to the tail skid. Place a minimum of 500 pounds of ballast on the support
to hold the tail down.
CAUTION
Be sure to apply sufficient tail support ballast: otherwise, the air-

plane will tip forward and fall on the fuselage nose section. Do not
allow side loads to be applied to the tail skid.
c. Raise the jacks evenly until all three wheels clear the floor.
1B18
PIPER CHYENNE SERVICE MANUAL
Figure 2-8. Weighing Configuration (Typical)
2-12. WEIGHING. (Refer to Figure 2-8.) The airplane may be weighedby the followingprocedure:
a. Position a scale and ramp in front of each of the three wheels.
b. Secure the scalesfrom rollingforward and tow the airplane up onto the scales.(Refer to Towing,
Paragraph2-16.)
c. Remove the ramp so as not to interfere with the scales.
d. If the airplane is to be weighed for weight and balance computations, level the airplane per
instructions givenin Paragraph2-13.
2-13. LEVELING. All configurationsof the airplane are providedwith a means for longitudinaland lateral
leveling.The airplanemay be leveledwhile on jacks during the weighingprocedure, whilethe wheels are on
scales, or while the wheels are on the ground. To level the airplane for weighingor rigging,the following
procedures may be used:
a. To longitudinally level the airplane, partially withdraw the two levelingscrewslocated on the
right side of the fuselagenose section at station 48.35 and 80.25. (Refer to Figure 2-9.)Place a spirit level
on these screw heads and adjust the jacks until the bubble of the levelis centered.
b. To laterally level the airplane, place a spirit level across the two center seat rails of the cabin
(Refer to Figure 2-9) and deflate the tire on the high side of the airplane or adjust either jack until the
bubble of the levelis centered.
Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLINGANDSERVICING
1B19
104
SEAT
479 LATERAL
LEVELING SCREW
LONGITUDINAL
Figure 2-9. Leveling Longitudinally and Laterally
2-14. MOORING. The airplaneis moored to insure its immovability,protection and security under various
weather conditions. The followingprocedure givesthe instructions for proper mooringof the airplane:
a. Head the airplaneinto the wind, if possible.
b. Block the wheels.
c. Secure tie-down ropes to the wing tie-down rings and the tail skid at approximately 45 degree
anglesto the ground. Whenusing rope constructed of nonsynthetic material, leave sufficient slack to avoid
damageto the airplane when the ropes contract due to moisture.
CAUTION
Use square or bowlineknots. Do not use slip knots.
NOTE
Additional preparations for high winds include using tie-down
ropes from the landinggear forks, and securingthe rudder.
d. Install pitot tube cover(s) and engine inlet and exhaust covers. (Refer to Figure 2-15.) Restrain
the propeller to prevent windmilling.
1B20
2-15. PARKING. When parking the airplane, insure that it is sufficientlyprotected against adverseweather
conditions and presents no danger to other aircraft. When parking the airplane for any length of time or over-
night, it is recommendedthat it be moored as in Paragraph 2-14.
a. To park the airplane,head it into the wind, if possible.
b. Set the parking brake by applying toe pressure against the top of the rudder pedals and at the
same time pull out on the brake handle. To release the parkingbrake, apply toe pressure on the pedals and
push in on the parkingbrake handle.
NOTE
Care should be taken when setting brakes that are very hot or
during cold weather when accumulated moisture may freeze the
brakes. Prior to setting the brakes, if either of the above
conditions exist, it is recommended that chocks be used to block
the wheels rather than setting brakes.
2-16. TOWING. The airplane may be moved by using power equipment that will not damage or cause
excess strain to the nose gear steeringassembly.Towing lugsare incorporated as part of the nose gear fork.
To pull the airplane on a hard level surface, it will require approximately 100 pounds pull to start its
roll and approximately60 pounds to maintain roll.
CAUTION
When towing, do not turn the nose gear in either direction beyond
its 40 degree arc from center as this will result in damage to the
nose gear and steering mechanism. A placard is installed on the
nosegear strut to indicate turn limits. (Refer to Figure 2-10.)
In the event towing lines are necessary, lines (rope) will be attached to both main gear struts just
below the side brace link attachments. Linesshould be long enough to clear the nose and/or tail by not less
than 15 feet, and a qualifiedperson to ride in the pilot's seat to maintain control by use of the brakes and
nose wheelsteering.
2-17. TAXIING. Before attempting to taxi the airplane, ground personnel should be checked out by a
qualified pilot or other responsible person on the engine starting and shutdown procedures and any other
system functions which may be required to properly and safely move this airplane. When it is ascertained
that the propeller propwash and taxi areas are clear, apply power to start the taxi roll and perform the
followingchecks:
a. Taxi forward a few feet and apply brakes to determine their effectiveness.
b. Taxi with propellersset in low pitch, high RPMsetting. Check for even prop reversing.
c. Whiletaxiing,make slight turns to ascertainthe effectivenessof the steering.
d. Observe wing clearance when taxiing near buildings or other stationary objects. If possible,
station guides at each wing tip to observe.
e. Whentaxiing on unevenground avoid any holes and ruts.
f. Do not operate the enginesat high RPM when running or taxiing over ground containing loose
stones, gravelor any loose material that may causedamage to the propeller blades.
Reissued:2/6/81 HANDLINGANDSERVICING
1B21
I
2-18. EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE.
2-19. OPERATION OF EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE. The external power receptacle is located
on the underside of the nose section below the forward side of the baggage compartment door. To avoid any
damage to the airplane's electrical system follow the instructions on the access door of the power receptacle.
NOTE
When using a ground power unit for external power starting and the
airplane's battery is nearly depleted the instructions given in Section
XI must be followed.
2-20. SERVICING.
2-21. GENERAL. Servicing the airplane includes the replenishment of fuel, oil, hydraulic fluid, tire
pressures, oxygen, lubrication requirements and other items required to completely service the airplane.
2-22. FUEL SYSTEM.
2-23. SERVICING FUEL SYSTEM. The handling of turbine fuel as used in this airplane requires some
special attention and safety precautions which cannot be overly stated. There are several problems which
are not normally associated with aviation gasolines. One is entrained water or microscopic particles of free
water suspended in the fuel, another is microbial contaminants or micro-organisms which live and multiply
in the water interfaces of turbine fuel. Due to these problems turbine fuel requires good fuel handling
practices to assure that the airplane is serviced with clean fuel. The following steps should be used to minimize
the possible introduction of contaminants into the fuel system and maintain a clean condition within the fuel
cells:
a. Know the source (supplier) of the fuel to be used, ascertain that it is properly stored and filtered as
it is passed from the storage area to the airplane.
b. Perform regular fuel filter inspections to determine if any sludge is present. (Microbial contami-
nation is visible as a slime or sludge which may vary in color, red, brown, gray or black.) Micro-organisms
have a tendency to mat and cause interference with fuel flow. Reference to FAA Manual AC65-9 Chapter 4
gives complete explanation on fuels and related problems.
c. It is very important to maintain a clean fuel system by periodically flushing the fuel cells to remove
any contaminants within.
d. After refueling the airplane, allow a three to four hour settling period whenever possible, then
drain small amounts of fuel from each drain. The benefits of a settling period will be lost, unless the
accumulated contaminants within the fuel cells are drained before the airplane is moved and the fuel is dis-
turbed by the operation of the internal fuel pumps. To reduce the accumulation of condensation within the fuel
cells, it is suggested that the cells be maintained in a full condition as often as possible.
e. Inspection intervals of various fuel system components may be found in the particular Piper
Continuous Inspection Manual being used. Clean the filter elements in each fuel filter unit located on the
forward left side of each firewall. Remove and clean the filters in accordance with instructions outlined in
Section IX of this service manual. Additional fuel system information may be found in Section IX. The various
Piper Continuous Inspection Manuals are listed in Section III of this manual.
2-24. FILLING FUEL CELLS. The fuel cells in each wing are filled through the nacelle tanks. Each wing
is topped off through a filler neck in each wing tip tank, if installed. Both nacelle fuel cells have individual
filler necks on top of each nacelle.

1B23
1. FUEL FILLER, TIP TANK, RIGHT AND LEFT 15. FILTER ELEMENT, ENGINE OIL, RIGHT AND LEFT
2. FUEL DRAIN, TIP TANK, RIGHT AND LEFT 16. GAUGE OXYGEN PRESSURE
3. FILTER, HYDRAULIC, RIGHT ENGINE 17. AIR CONDITIONER, RECEIVER DRYER
4. OIL FILLER, RIGHT ENGINE 18. HEATER
S. FUEL FILTER, RIGHT ENGINE 19.FILLER, OLEO SHOCK STRUT, NOSE
6. FUEL FILLER, NACELLE TANK, RIGHT 20. BATTERY
7. HYDRAULIC BRAKE RESERVOIR 21. EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY
8. ELECTRIC FUEL PUMPS, RIGHT AND LEFT 22. FILLER OXYGEN
9. FUEL DRAIN, MAIN INBOARD, RIGHT AND LEFT 23. TIRE, NOSE
10. FUEL DRAIN, MAIN OUTBOARD, RIGHT AND LEFT 24. POWER PACK
11. FILLER, OLEO SHOCK STRUT, RIGHT AND LEFT 25. FILTER, HYDRAULIC, LEFT ENGINE
12. FUEL FILLER, NACELLE TANK, LEFT 26. OIL FILLER, LEFT ENGINE
13. COMPRESSOR, AIR CONDITIONER 27. FUEL FILTER, LEFT ENGINE
14. HOSE, ENGINE OIL DRAIN, RIGHT AND LEFT 28. TIRE, MAIN, RIGHT AND LEFT
Figure 2-11. Service Points
1B24
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
CAUTIONS
1. Do not open the nacelle filler caps with more than 2 inches
of fuel in the tip tanks. This would result in fuel spillage.
2. Always connect a static ground cable from the refueler to the
airplane. Keep all grounding connections clean, they should
never be allowed to become corroded or covered with paint
etc.
When refuelingnever leave the fuel nozzle unattended. Whenrefuelinghas been completed, disconnect
the ground cable and insure that all filler caps are properly installed.
2-25. DRAININGMOISTUREFROM FUEL SYSTEM.To facilitate draining the fuel system filter bowls,
lines and fuel cells of moisture and foreign matter, drains are incorporated in the bottom of each filter
bowl, wing tip tank, if installed, main outboard fuel cell and main inboard fuel cell. The nacellefuel cells
drain into the main fuel cells and thus do not have individualexternal drains.
a. To drain either filter bowl, open the accessdoor located on the left rear side of each engine cowl
and push down on the drain valvearm a few seconds.Allow enough fuel to flow each time to clear the filter
bowl.
CAUTION
To prevent ramp surface contamination and possible fire damage,
immediatelyremoveany fuel spilledon the ramp area etc.
b. To drain off water in the fuel cells, push up on the arms of each cell drain and allowfuel to flow
for a few seconds. There are three drains on the bottom of each wing, one for each tip tank, if installed,one
for each main outboard cell and one for each main inboard cell.
NOTE
To insure the removal of moisture from each fuel drain, allow the
fuel to settle if possible for three to four hours. Refer to Paragraph
2-23 step d.
2-26. DRAINING FUEL SYSTEM. The bulk of the fuel may be drained from the system by using a
suitable suction system with the hose placed down through the nacelle filler neck. The fuel may be drained
from the fuel filter bowls by activating the individual filter drains. Each wing may be drained separately
providingthe crossfeedvalveis in the OFF position.
Reissued:2/6/81 HANDLINGANDSERVICING
1C1
2-27. PROCEDURE FOR REMOVING BIOLOGICAL FUEL CONTAMINATION. Fuel system.

contamination is more of a potential problem in a turbine fuel system than in fuel systems using aviation
gasoline, and the reason for this increase in potential is turbine fuels greater affinity for water. Micro-
organisms grow in the interface between the individual water droplets and the fuel. If there is no water in the
fuel there will be no place for these organisms to grow. Because the by-products by this form of
contamination will attach the metal components, it is imperative that the fuel system be kept clean and
periodically inspected to assure that the fuel system is free of water and any other foreign matter. In the event
that biological contamination is encountered, as evidenced by the presence of a red, brown, grey or black slime
in the aircrafts fuel tanks, lines, pumps and filters, all the systems components must be thoroughly cleaned
with the lowest octane aviation gasoline available. Proceed as follows:
a. Level the aircraft.
b. Defuel the affected wing(s).
NOTE
Use a container designed for use with contaminated fuel only.
CAUTION
Be sure to follow proper grounding procedures and safety

precautions.
c. Remove all sump drains on the affected side(s) and assure that all fuel has been removed.
d. Remove the bottom wing root fairing.
e. Remove the fuel cell and tank access covers on the wing upper surface.
f. Remove both boost pumps.
g. Remove cowling of affected engine(s).
h. Remove the firewall mounted fuel filter and the engine driven fuel pumps inlet and outlet filters.
Clean or replace as required.
i. Remove the heater filters and nozzle and clean or replace as required.
j. Clean all fuel filter bowls and housings with aviation gasoline and inspect these components for
signs of etching. If etching is discovered, replace the affected component.
k. Remove the access covers from the fuel cell or cells which require cleaning. Using Stoddard solvent
and a soft bristle brush scrub the affected cell or cells.
CAUTION
The brush should have a lanyard attached to it with the other end
attached to the person doing the cleaning, to prevent possibility
of leaving the brush within the cell.
A tack rag should be used to remove any particles of contamination left in the fuel cell. The same caution and
suggestions as stated above would apply to the use of the tack rag. Upon completion of the fuel cell cleaning
and insuring that no equipment is left within the fuel cell or cells, reinstall all the access covers removed.
Reissued: 2/6/81 1C2 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1. With the lowest octane aviation gasoline available thoroughly flush all fuel cells, tanks, connecting
fuel lines and boost pumps.
m. Inspect all fuel cells, tanks, pumps and lines for evidence of deterioration. The micro-organisms will
attack the metal components, harm the fuel tank coating and then etch the underlying metal.
n. Reinstall both boost pumps and safety.
o. Reinstall all sump drains.
p. Reinstall the firewall mounted fuel filters bowl(s) without the filter elements.
q. Reinstall both filter elements and bowls on the engine driven fuel pump(s) and safety.
r. Flush the system in accordance with the following procedure:
1. Disconnect the fuel line between the fuel flow transmitter and engine driven fuel pump at the
fuel pump. Disconnect the fuel line to the heater solenoid shut-off valve. Attach suitable hoses to the discon-
nected fuel lines, then place the free ends in the fuel container used for contaminated fuel.
2. Add eight gallons (U.S.) of aviation gasoline to the affected side(s).
3. Pull all circuit breakers except those controlling the fuel boost pumps and heater.
4. Place the master switch in the ON position and turn the number one boost pump and heater
fuel switch in the ON position.
5. After pumping out two gallons (U.S.) of aviation gasoline with the number one pump, turn
on the number two boost pump. Be sure to observe the fuel coming from the disconnected heater fuel line.
Actuate the crossfeed valve to be sure the heater and crossfeed lines are clean.
NOTE
If the right wing part of the system is the only contaminated portion.
be certain that the crossfeed valve and the line is adequately flushed
by disconnecting the crossfeed line at the crossfeed valve on the left
wing side. Drain the fuel into the contaminated fuel container.
s. Check all lines and fittings for leaks.

t. Continue to pump aviation gasoline through the system until the fuel going into the contaminated
fuel container is clean.
u. Reinstall the filter element(s) in the firewall mounted fuel filter(s) and safety.
v. Reinstall the heater fuel filter and safety.
w. Reconnect the fuel line(s) between the fuel flow transmitter(s) and engine driven fuel pump(s).
x. Reconnect the heater fuel line to the shut-off valve.
y. Check the complete system for leaks.
z. Reinstall the bottom wing root fairings and fuel cell and tank access covers.
aa. Reinstall the engine(s) cowling(s).
ab. Fill the affected fuel cell(s) with 30 gallons (U.S.) each of the lowest octane aviation gasoline
available; then run the engines to consume the fuel. Observe all cautions when operating the engines.
NOTE
Make an appropriate logbook entry stating the time that each

engine has been run on aviation gasoline. Refer to the latest revision
of Pratt and Whitney Service Bulletin No. 1244on Engine Fuels and
Additives.
ac. Inspect the firewall mounted fuel filter(s) after operating the engine(s) for evidence of micro-
biological contamination. If contamination is present repeat the cleaning procedure.
ad. Clean the fuel filter(s), reinstall and safety.

1C3
PIPERCHEYENNESERVICE MANUAL
"
3.26 IN.
Figure 2-12. Servicing Landing Gear Shock Struts
2-28. BRAKE SYSTEM.
2-29. SERVICING BRAKE SYSTEM. The brake system incorporates a hydraulic fluid reservoir through
which the brake system is periodically serviced. Fluid is drawn from the reservoir by the brake master cylinders
to maintain the volume of fluid required for maximum braking efficiency. Spongy brake pedal action is often
an indication that the brake fluid reservoir is running low on fluid or air is in the system. Instructions for filling
the reservoir are given in Paragraph 2-30. When found necessary to accomplish repairs to any of the brake
system components or bleed the system, refer to the instructions given in Section VII. For inspection of brake
wear limits, refer to Section VII and the specific information for the affected B.F. Goodrich brake assembly.
2-30. FILLING BRAKE CYLINDER RESERVOIR. The brake cylinder reservoir should be filled to the
level marked on the dipstick with MIL-H-5606 hydraulic fluid. The reservoir, located in the upper nose section
above the power pack shown in Figure 2-II , should be checked at every 50 hour inspection and replenished as
necessary. No adjustment of the brakes is necessary, though they should be checked periodically per
instructions given in Section VII.
2-31. DRAINING BRAKE SYSTEM. To drain the brake system, connect a hose to the bleeder fitting on the
brake housing and place the other end of the hose in a suitable container. Open the bleeder valve and slowly
pump the brake pedal until fluid ceases to flow. To clean the system, flush with denatured alcohol.
2-32. OLEO STRUTS.
2-33. SERVICING OLEO STRUTS. Air-oil shock struts are incorporated in each landing gear oleo
assembly to absorb the shock resulting from the impact of the wheels on the runway during landing. To obtain
proper oleo action, the nose and main gear oleo struts must have approximately 3.25 inches of piston tube
exposed, with the airplane setting on a level surface, under normal static loads. (Refer to Figure 2-12.)
NOTE
Normal static load is the empty weight of the airplane plus full fuel
and oil.
Revised:2/15/82 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1Ct
If a strut has less than the required inches exposed, determinewhether it needs air or oil by rockingthe
airplane. If the airplane settles to its normal position within one cycleafter the rockingforce is removed, the
oleo strut requires inflating (air). (Refer to Paragraph 2-36.) If the airplane continues to oscillateafter the
rocking force is removed,the oleostruts requiresfilling(oil).(Refer to Paragraph 2-35.)For repairsto the gear
oleos, refer to Section VII of this manual.
WARNING
Do not release air by removing the strut valve core or filler plug.
Depress the valve core pin until strut pressure has diminished.
NOTE
Struts may be serviced and adjusted per placard on strut.
2-34. ADDING FLUID TO STRUTS. To add fluid to an oleo strut which is partly full, proceed as follows:
a. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Paragraph 2-11.)
b. Place a pan under the gear to catch spillage.
c. Release the air in the oleo strut by pressing in on the air valve core pin.
d. Remove the air valve (filler plug). Allow valve core to remain in valve.
e. Extend the strut to two inches from the fully compressed position.
f. At the two inch extended position, fill the strut through the filler openingwith MIL-H-5606fluid.
g. Slowly compress the strut to the fully compressed position allowing fluid to overflow.
h. With oleo strut in the compressedposition, reinstall air valve and safety.
i. Inflate the oleo struts with air to the required extension per instructions in Paragraph 2-36.
2-35. FILLING OLEO STRUTS. To fillan oleo strut whichhas been completelyemptiedbecauseof repair
leakage, etc., proceed as follows:
a. ' Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Paragraph 2-11.)
b. Place a pan under the gear to catch spillage.
c. Remove valve core from air valve.
d. Attach a clear plastic tube to the valve stem and place the other end of the tube in a container of
hydraulic fluid as specified.
NOTE
An air-tight connection is necessarybetween the plastic tube and
valvestem. Without such a connection,a small amount of air willbe
sucked into the oleo strut during each sequence, resulting in an
inordinate amount of air bubbles and a prolonged fillingoperation.
e. Extend the oleo strut by pulling down on the wheel. Fluid will be sucked into the oleo strut.
Compress and extend the oleo strut until it is fullof fluid, and air bubbles ceaseto appear in the plastic tube.
f. Compressthe oleostrut to within 1/4 inch of fullcompression,allowingthe excessfluidto overflow.
g. With the oleo strut in the near compressedposition, reinstall the valve core.
h. Remove the airplane from the jacks.
i. Inflate the oleo struts per instructionsgiven in Paragraph 2-36.

1C5
2-36. INFLATING OLEO STRUTS. After makingcertain that an oleo strut has sufficientfluid,as described
in Paragraph 2-34,attach a strut pump to the air valveand pump up the oleostrut. The oleo struts should be
inflated until 3.25 inches of piston is exposed with normal static weight (Normal static weightis the empty
weightof the airplane plus full fueland oil.)on the gear. Beforecappingthe valve,checkfor valvecore leakage.
2-37. LANDING GEAR.
2-38. SERVICING LANDING GEAR. The operation of the landing gear oleos is standard for the air-oil
type. The piston tube has a total travel of 8.50 inches,and 3.25inchesof tube exposed under normal static load.
(Normal static load is the empty weight of the airplane plus full fuel and oil.) All major attachments and
actuating bearings are equipped with grease fittings for lubrication. Refer to Lubrication Chart.
2-39. TIRES.
2-40. SERVICING TIRES. The tires should be maintained at the pressure specified in Table 11-1.When
checking tire pressure, examine the tires for wear, cuts, bruises and slippage.
2-40a. TIRE BALANCING. Proper balancing is critical for the life of the aircraft tires. If a new tire is
balanced upon installation it will usually remain balanced for the life of the tire without havingany shimmy
or flat spots, and an inexpensivebalancer can be made that will balancealmost any tire for lightaircraft. (Re-
fer to Paragraph 2-40b for fabrication instructions.) Balance the tire as follows:
a. Mount the tire and tube (if one is used) on the wheel, but do not install the securingbolts. Install
the wheel bearings in the wheel; then, using the -7 bushings,-6 spacers, and -5 nuts, install the wheel-tire
assemblyon the -8 pipe. Secure the -5 nuts finger-tightso that the wheel halves touch each other. Be sure
the bolt holes are aligned! Insert the -4 axle through the -8 pipe and place the wheel in the center of the
balancer. Make sure the axle is only on the chamfered edges of the balancer and that it is at 90° to the sides
of the balancer.
b. Release the tire. If it is out of balance it will rotate, coming to rest with the heaviest point on the
bottom. Tape a 1/ 2 ounce patch across top center of the tire. Rotate the tire 45 and releaseit again. If the
tire returns to the same position, add a 1 ounce patch and again rotate the tire and releaseit. Continue this
procedure until the tire is balanced.
c. When balanceis attained, put a chalkmark on the sidewalldirectlybelowthe patch. Use one mark
for each half ounce of weightneeded. Mark the valvestem location on the tire and the oppositewheelhalf to
assure reassemblyin the same position. Remove the wheelfrom the balance stand, break it down, and clean
the tire with toluol. Apply a coat of patch cement to both the patch and the insidecenter of thetire in linewith
the chalk marks. When the cement has dried, install the patches making certain they are on the center line of
the tire and aligned with the chalk marks on the sidewall. Burnish the patches to remove trapped air, etc.
d. When reassemblingthe wheel,powder the insideof the tire. Mount the tire on the valveside of the
wheel in the same position it was in when it was balanced. Install the other wheelhalf, aligning the chalk
marks. Install the bolts and tighten to required torque, then air the tire and recheck the balance.The wheel
should not be more than 1/2 ounce out of balance.
2-40b. CONSTRUCTION OF TIRE BALANCER. (Refer to Figure 2-12a.)
a. The followinginstructions will help in buildingthe balancer chamfer top edgesof -3 sides,leaving
1/16 inch flat on top inboard edge. Rivet -2 tee's to -3 sides using AN470-AD5rivets 2" spacing. Use
AN426-AD5rivets 2" center to center to secure-2 tee'sto -1 base. If tee extrusion is unavailable,heavyangle
extrusion could be used; -3 sides must be paralled and vertical.
b. The -4 axle must slide through the -8 pipe. The -5 nuts were made by reaming the existingthreads
in the AN365-624nuts with an R drill, then tapping with a 1/8-27 pipe tap.
c. The -6 spacers were made from 1/ 2 inch aluminumtubing. The two lengthsof spacersare suitable
for balancing most any aircraft wheel.
Revised:2/15/82 1C6 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1C6
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
-1. 1 ea.Base 12x11 0.1902024 T3 cladaluminumalloy

-2 2 ea.Tea 2.5x2x 11 aluminum
0 190 2024 T4 extruded
alloy
-3. 2 ea.Sides 14 x11 0.125 2024T3 cladaluminumalloy
-4. 1 ea.Aude 0.125 x 10.25 4130 steel,
normalized
-5. 2 ea.Nuts AN 365-624
-6 2 ea.Spacer 0.50 x 2.25 5052-0aluminum tubing
2 ea.Spacar 0 50 x 1.25 50520 aluminumtubing
3 phnolic or aluminum
-7. 2 ea.Bushing 1.480x 1.625 x 1.00
2 •ea.Bushing 2.240 x 1.37 x 1.00 phenoic or aluminum
-8. 1 ea.Pipe 1/8 x 9 3 blacksteel pipe
2 ea.Bearings Savetwo of eachsizeworn wheelbearingsfrom
previous inspections
Figure 2-12a. Tire Balancer
d. The -7 bushing may be benchmade from one inch phenolic or aluminum using a 1/2 inch hole saw to
cut out the smaller bushing and a 13 hole saw to cut out the larger. By inserting a ,14 inch long threaded bolt
through the pilot hole and securing with a washer and nut, a drill press and file may be used to make the off-set
on the bushing. The turned-down part should just slide inside the bearing race. Ream the pilot hole to slide
over the -8 pipe threads.
e. The -8 pipe was made from a piece of 1 '8 inch black pipe and threaded with a / 8-27 pipe die.
Thread 3 inches in from each end of the pipe.
2-41. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM.
2-42. SERVICING HYDRAULIC BRAKE SYSTEM. The fluid level in the brake reservoir should be
checked in accordance with the particular Inspection Manual being used. Access to the reservoir is through
the access door on the upper right portion of the nose section. If the fluid level is low, it should be filled with
filtered hydraulic fluid MIL-H-5606 only.
2-43. SERVICING HYDRAULIC POWER PACK. The hydraulic power pack reservoir fluid level should
be checked in accordance with the particular Inspection Manual being used and filled as necessary whenever
the fluid level in the reservoir is low. Special filling and draining service hookup has been installed just inside
the right fuselage access panel of the nose section. A pressure pot or hydraulic test unit can be connected to
this installation by removing the access panel and the protective cap on the suction, fill and drain fitting.
Connect the fluid supply line from the supply source to the fitting; then raise the lever to open the valve and
proceed to fill the reservoir. To gravity fill the reservoir. support the supply container of hydraulic fluid higher
than the fluid level in the power pack reservoir. The reservoir is full when fluid is visible through the sight
gauge or when the fluid reaches the full line on the transparent type reservoirs. Be sure to close the suction. fill
and drain valve by placing the lever in the down position before disconnecting the supply line from the fitting.
Reinstall the protective cap on the fitting and install the access panel.
Revised: 10/15/82 C7 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1C7
2-44. PROPELLER.
2-45. SERVICING PROPELLER. The blades should be checked periodically for damage. Minor nicks in
the leading edge of blades should be filed out and all edges rounded. Daily inspection should include
examination of blades and spinner for visible damage and grease leakage. For further information on
propeller servicing, refer to Section VIII, Section VIIIA, or FAA AC 43.13-1A, Section III on propeller
repairing.
2-46. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.
2-47. SERVICING ELECTRICAL SYSTEM. There is little service required for the electrical system, other
than making visual and operational checks of the various equipment. For more detailed information on
servicing and repair of the various components refer to Section XI.
2-48. LUBRICATION SYSTEM (ENGINE).
2-49. SERVICING LUBRICATION SYSTEM. The engine oil level should be checked within 10 minutes
after engine shutdown. If the engine has been stationary for a period of twelve hours or more, it should be
started and run at idle for a minimum of two minutes; then shut down and check oil level.
NOTE
If the engine has been stationary for more than 10 minutes before
checking oil level, a dry motoring run must be performed.
For engines operated in corporate or utility aircraft with a typical utilization of 50 hours per month or
less, it is recommended that the oil be changed every 400 hours or 9 months, whichever occurs first. For
engines operated in high utilization commuter airline type operation, a basic oil change period of 800 hours for
7-1 /2 centistokes. or 1200hours for a 5 centistoke oil, or 9 months whichever occurs first. Extensions beyond
the basic oil change period may be contemplated provided that the condition of the oil is monitored such as
by a spectrometric oil analysis and a written request is submitted to the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada
Limited Service Department. When operation will result in frequent cold soaking at ambient temperatures of
0°F (-18°C) or lower, the use of a 5 centistoke oil is recommended. For further information, consult the
latest revision of Pratt and Whitney Engine Service Bulletin No. 1001 for the PA-31T, PA-31T2 and for the
PA-31TI Service Bulletin No. 12001. The total system capacity is 2.3 U.S. gallons.
CAUTION
Do not mix different brands of oil or specifications of oil since the

chemical structures may be different, making the oils
incompatible.
If the oil brand is to be changed, the lubrication system must be flushed as follows:
a. Completely drain the engine oil. (Refer to Paragraph 2-55.)
b. Motor the engine with the starter for a few seconds to scavenge the oil system.
CAUTION
Limit engine rotation to a minimum to accomplish draining.
c. Reinstall the drain plugs in the engine and oil cooler and refill the engine oil tank with the brand
of oil to be used.
Revised: 9/23/81 1C8 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1C8
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
NOTE
When filling the oil tank, it is recommended that the oil be
strained before entering the engine to eliminate the possibility of
foreignmaterial in the engine.
d. Start the engine and idle for a minimumof two minutes.
e. Shut down the engine and completelydrain the system.
f. Reinstallall drain plugs and refill the oil tank with the new oil.
g. Start the engine and idle for a minimumof two minutes. Shut down the engineand check the oil
level;refill as required.
2-50. OIL LEVEL CHECK. Within 10minutesafter engineshutdown, unlock the filler cap at the 11o'clock
position on the accessorygearbox housing. Check the contents of the tank against the marks on the dipstick
which correspond to U.S. quarts and fill to required level.
NOTE
Normal oil level is one U.S. quart below maximumlevel. DO NOT
fill oil tank more than one quart below the maximummark.
CAUTION
If oil level in tank is below the bottom of the dipstick, determine
the cause to assist in troubleshooting. If neither fluctuating nor
low oil pressure readings have been noticed, check for external
leaks and oil filter contamination. Clean oil filter and fill oil tank
to recommendedlevel. Record quantity of oil added and carry out
a 15 minute engine run; then recheck the oil quantity and
condition of oil filter. If both are satisfactory, no further action is
necessary,otherwiserefer to the EngineMaintenanceManual.
2-51. CHIP DETECTOR/DRAINPLUG. The magnetic chip detector is located in the same place as the
drain plug on the reduction gearbox.A protective coveris installedover the chip detector test terminals.To
check the chip detector for electrical continuity use any utility volt ohmmeter, and make a continuity
check across the chip detector terminals. If continuity is indicated, the chip detector should be removed
and the magneticpole pieces inspected for type of contaminants.
NOTE
Wheneverthe chip detector is removed for inspection, the oil filter
should also be inspected.
2-52. REMOVALOF CHIP DETECTOR.
a. Removethe protective cover from the chip detector.
b. Removethe chip detector from the gearboxand discard the preformed packing.

1C9
PIPERCHEYENE SERVICEMANUAL
2-53. INSPECTION OF CHIP DETECTOR.

a. If only a single chain of magnetic particles bridge the gap across the poles of the detector and the
particles consists of small slivers, clean the chip detector by wiping with a lint-free cloth and reinstall per
Paragraph 2-54.
b. If more than 10 pieces of small, nugget shaped magnetic material is evident on the detector the
engine should be shipped to an overhaul facility for inspection.
c. When a small amount of fuzz (powdered material) is evident, clean the detector and reinstall per
Step a and recheck for continuity after 10 hours of operation.
d. Should fuzz be found the second time, but the quantity has not increased, clean the detector,
reinstall and make an other continuity check after an additional 10 hours of operation.
e. When fuzz is found a third time in similar or greater quantities the engine should be shipped to an
overhaul facility for inspection.
2-54. INSTALLATION OF CHIP DETECTOR.

a. Install the chip detector with a new preformed packing in the boss on the reduction gearbox.
b. Tighten and torque the detector to 45 to 55 inch-pounds.
c. Install the chip detector cover and tighten finger tight plus 45 o maximum. Safety wire the cover
and detector to the gearbox.
2-55. CHANGING OIL.

a. Remove engine cowling and place a suitable container or drip pan under engine.
b. Remove oil drain plug or chip detector (Refer to Paragraph 2-51 for chip detector service
information), located at the 6 o'clock position on the reduction gearbox front case.
c. Detach the accessory gearbox housing oil drain hose from the engine mount tube and remove the
oil drain plug from the end of the hose. Remove the drain plug from the oil cooler.
d. Motor the engine for a few seconds with the starter only (ignition and fuel off), to scavenge the
oil system.
CAUTION
Limit engine rotation to a minimum to accomplish draining.
e. Reinstall the drain plug in the accessory gearbox drain hose and torque. Secure the hose to the
engine mount with the appropriate clamp.
f. Install drain plug in the reduction gearbox using new O-rings; torque 215 to 240 inch-pounds and
lockwire.
g. Install drain plug in oil cooler; torque plug and safety.
h. Refill the oil tank with specified oil. (Refer to latest revision of Pratt and Whitney Service Bulletin
No. 1001 for PA-31T, PA-31T2 and Service Bulletin No. 12001 for PA-31T1.) Normal oil level is one U.S.
quart below the maximum level. Overfilling may cause excess oil to flow through the accessory gearbox
breather.
i. Motor the engine to obtain an oil pressure reading.
CAUTION
Do not exceed the starter time limits, (30 seconds, ON, 1 minute
OFF, 30 seconds ON, I minute OFF, 30 seconds ON, 30 minutes
OFF.)
2-56. SERVICING OIL FILTER ELEMENTS. The standard non-cleanable type filter element,
P/N 3024084 is available from spare parts sales.
Revised:9/23/81 HANDLINGAND SERVICING

1C10
PIPERCHEYENNE SERVICE MANUAL
CAUTION
Maintenance personnel should not attempt to clean and reuse the

standard non-cleanable type filter elements, P/N 3024084. They
must be replaced after every 1000 hours of use.
The cleanable type filter elements should be removed and cleaned after every nine months or 400 hours of
use, whichever comes first. The filter should be removed, cleaned and inspected using approved equipment by
an overhaul facility after every 30 months or 1500hours of use. whichever comes first. For removal, cleaning
and installation procedures refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.
2-57. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHANGING OIL. (Refer to the latest revision of Pratt and Whitney
Engine Service Bulletin No. 1001 for PA-31T, PA-31T2 and Service Bulletin No. 12001 for PA-31TI.)
a. Major factors governing oil change periods are engine mechanical condition, climatic conditions,
dust and sand ingestion during takeoff and landing roll, engine utilization and possible shelf life limitations
of synthetic lubricants.
b. Whenever the oil is changed, remove and check the oil filter element for metal particles. Clean
and reinstall or replace depending on time in service. (Refer to Paragraph 2-56.)
c. No other oils are approved for commercial use othen than the ones listed in the latest revision of
Pratt and Whitney Service Bulletin No. 1001 or 12001.
2-58. LUBRICATION.
2-59. LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS. Proper lubrication procedures are of immeasurable value both as
a means of prolonging the service life of the airplane and as a means of reducing the frequency of extensive and
expensive repairs. The periodic application of recommended lubricants to their relevant bearing surfaces, as
detailed in the following paragraphs, together with the observance of cleanliness, will insure the maximum
efficiency and utmost service of all moving parts. Lubrication instruction regarding the locations, time
intervals, and type of lubricants used may be found in Charts 2-1 thru 2-3. To insure the best possible results
from the application of lubricants, the following precautions should be observed:
a. Use recommended lubricants. Where general purpose lubricating oil is specified, but unavailable,
clean reciprocating engine oil may be used as a satisfactory substitute.
b. Check the components to be lubricated for evidence of excessive wear and replace them as
necessary.
c. Remove all excess lubricants from components in order to prevent the collection of dirt and sand
in abrasive quantities capable of causing excessive wear or damage to bearing surfaces.
2-60. APPLICATION OF GREASE. Care must be taken when lubricating bearings and bearing surfaces
with a grease gun, to insure that gun is filled with new, clean grease of the grade specified for the particular
application before applying lubricant to the grease fittings.
a. Where a reservoir is not provided around a bearing, apply the lubricant sparingly and wipe off any
excess.
b. Remove wheel bearings from the wheel hub and clean thoroughly with a suitable solvent. When
repacking with grease, be sure the lubricant enters the space between the rollers in the retainer ring. Do not
pack the grease into the wheel hub.
c. Use extra care when greasing the Hartzell propeller hub to avoid blowing the clamp gaskets.
Remove one grease fitting while applying grease to the other fitting.
2-61. APPLICATION OF OIL. Whenever specific instructions for lubrication of mechanisms requiring
lubrication are not available, observe the following precautions:
a. Apply oil sparingly, never more than enough to coat the bearing surfaces.

1C11
b. Since the cables are sufficiently coated by the manufacturer, additional protection for the
prevention of corrosion is unnecessary.
2-62. LUBRICATION OF THREADS. All fittings on external lines, including their points of attachment
at the engine and other components, should be lubricated with the proper lubricant as specified in Table
II-IV.
The following steps should be followed when applying thread lubricants:
a. Thoroughly clean threads before applying lubricant.
b. Use selected thread lubricant sparingly.
c. Apply thread lubricant to male threads only.
d. Lubricate the first three threads on straight fittings.
e. Do not lubricate the first two threads or. tapered fittings. Apply the lubricant to the next three
threads only.
f. Ascertain that lubricant does not enter fittings or flared areas.
g. Any fittings going to the engine should be lubricated with the type of fluid going through the
lines.
2-63. LUBRICATION OF GASKETS AND SEALS. Gaskets and O-ring seals which require lubrication
should be lubricated with the same type of fluid they are sealing.
2-64. LUBRICATION CHARTS. The lubrication charts consists of individual illustrations for the various
aircraft systems, and each component to be lubricated is indicated by a number which references the
component, type of lubrication and frequency of lubrication in hours. Special instructions are listed at the
beginning of the lubrication charts and referenced on the particular chart.
2-65. ENGINE ACCESSORY DRIVE SHAFTS LUBRICATION. The accessory drive shafts should be
lubricated according to the latest revision of Pratt and Whitney Maintenance Manual, (refer to Table II-VIII
for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Maintenance Manual).
The specific accessories are:
1. Freon Compressor (entire shaft)
2. Starter Generators
3. Tach Generators
4. Hydraulic Pumps
Lubricant should not be applied to the following accessories, should they be removed for any reason:
1. Fuel Pumps
2. Prop Governors (CSU)
3. Fuel Control Units
The overspeed governor should be installed with a dry shaft or lubricated with clean turbine engine oil.
TABLEII-IV. THREADLUBRICANTS
TYPE OF LINE TYPE OF LUBRICANT
Brakes MIL-H-5606
Deicer(Air) TT-A-580(JAN-A-669),Anti-SeizeCompound(WhiteLeadBase)
Freon TT-A-580or MIL-T-6644,Anti-SeizeCompound
Fuel MIL-T-5544,Anti-Seize,GraphitePetrolatum
Oil MIL-G-6032,LubricatingGrease(Gasoline and Oil Resistant)
Oxygen MIL-T-5542,ThreadCompound,Anti-SeizeandSealing,OxygenSystem
Pitot and Static TT-A-580(JAN-A-669),Anti-SeizeCompound(WhiteLeadBase)
Engine- BleedAir C5-AHigh TemperatureAnti-SeizeCompound
NOTE: Lubricate engine fittings only with the fluid contained in the particular lines.
Revised:9/23/81 HANDLING
ANDSERVICING
1C12
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
1 BEARINGS AND BUSHINGS - CLEAN EXTERIOR WITH A DRY SOLVENT BEFORE RELUBRI-
CATING.
2. OIL COOLER DOOR, ICE PROTECTION TRANSMISSION AND SCREWS, TRIM SCREWS AND
WHEEL BEARINGS - DISASSEMBLE AND CLEAN WITH A DRY SOLVENT, WHEN RE-
ASSEMBLING TRANSMISSIONS. LUBRICATE AND APPLY A THIN COATING TO SCREW
3. OLEO STRUTS, POWER PACK RESERVOIR AND BRAKE RESERVOIR - FILL PER INSTRUC-
TIONS ON UNIT OR CONTAINER, OR REFER TO SERVICE MANUAL, SECTION II.
4. PROPELLER - REMOVE ONE OF TWO GREASE FITTINGS FOR EACH BLADE. APPLY GREASE
THROUGH FITTING UNTIL FRESH GREASE APPEARS AT HOLE OF REMOVED FITTING
5. LUBRICATION POINTS - WIPE ALL LUBRICATION POINTS CLEAN OF OLD GREASE, OIL. DIRT,
ETC.. BEFORE RELUBRICATING.
6. CLEAN OR REPLACE OIL FILTER ELEMENT AT EACH OIL DRAIN PERIOD AS DESCRIBED IN
SECTION VIII OR SECTION VIIIA. IN AIRCRAFT WITH ATYPICALUTILIZATION OF50 HOURS/
MONTH OR LESS, CHANGE ENGINE OIL EVERY 400 HOURS OR 9 MONTHS. WHICHEVER
COMES FIRST. REFER TO THE LATEST REVISION OF PRATT AND WHITNEY, SERVICE
BULLETIN NO 1001 FOR A LIST OF APPROVED OILS FOR THE PA-31T AND PA-31T2 AND
REFER TO SERVICE BULLETIN NO. 12001 FOR THE PA-31T1.
7 LOOSEN BOOT FROM GEAR LOCK ROD ASSEMBLY AND GREASE TUBE. TUBE MUST SLIDE
FREE TO SLOT LIMITS. REFER TO THE LATEST REVISION OF PIPER SERVICE LETTER
NO 755.
8 FOR PROPER SERVICING TO ROD ENDS, REFER TO FIGURE 5-2.
9. PIPER SYSTEM ONLY - FILL TRANSMISSION GEAR BOX 75% MIN. FULL WITH DUKES P/N
2196-74-1 LUBRICANT.
CALCO SYSTEM ONLY - LUBRICATED FOR THE LIFE OF THE TRANSMISSION DO NOT
DISASSEMBLE TRANSMISSION.
NOTES
1 PILOT AND PASSENGER SEATS - LUBRICATE TRACK ROLLERS AND STOP PINS AS
REQUIRED USING GENERAL PURPOSE. LOW TEMPERATURE LUBRICATING OIL.
MIL-L-7870
2. WHEEL BEARINGS REQUIRE CLEANING AND REPACKING AFTER EXPOSURE TO AN
ABNORMAL QUANTITY OF WATER.
CAUTIONS
1. DO NOT USE HYDRAULIC FLUID WITH A CASTOR OIL OR ESTER BASE
2. DO NOT APPLY LUBRICANT TO RUBBER PARTS
WARNING
1 JET FUELS AND LUBRICATING OILS HAVE AN INJURIOUS EFFECT ON THE SKIN. AVOID
CONTACT AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

1C13
NOTE
REFER TO THE APPROPRIATE CHART
FOR SKETCHES. LUBRICATIONS AND
FREQUENCY
Figure 2-12b. Aircraft Lubrication Charts

1C14
SEE NOTE SKETCHA
REFER TO SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

SKET CH
Chart 2-1. Lubrication Chart (Landing Gears)
1C15
COMPONENT LUBRICANT FREQUENCY

1. GEAR DOOR. OUTBOARD, HINGES AND CONTROL
RODS, RIGHT AND LEFT MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
2 GEAR OLEO STRUT FILLER, RIGHT AND LEFT.

NOSE GEAR MIL-H-5606 AS REQUIRED
3 GEAR DOWNLOCK HOOK, CONTROL ROD ENDS AND
BELLCRANK,RIGHT AND LEFT (STD & EMER ) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
4 WHEEL BEARINGS MIL-G-81322 100 HRS
5 GEAR TORQUE LINK FITTINGS, RIGHT AND LEFT MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
6 GEAR SIDE BRACE LINK BUSHING AND HOUSING

BUSHING, RIGHT AND LEFT MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
7 GEAR UPLOCK HOOK, CONTROL ROD ENDS.

CYLINDER ENDS. RIGHT AND LEFT MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
8 GEAR DOOR, INBOARD. HINGES AND CYLINDERENDS.

RIGHTAND LEFT MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
9 BRAKE AND POWER PACK RESERVOIR MIL-H-5606 AS REQUIRED
10. GEAR LOCK ROD ASSEMBLY AND DOWNLOCK HOOK

ASSEMBLY (STD. & EMER )(SEE SPECIAL INSTRUC-
TION 7) (SEE NOTE 2) MIL-G-3545 100 HRS
11 RETRACTION CYLINDER (STD & EMER ) MIL-H-5606 500 HRS
12 STEERING ARM ROLLERS BELLCRANKRETRACTION

ROD ENDS, AND STEERING ROD ENDS MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
13 NOSE GEAR DOOR ACTUATOR. RETRACTIONROD END

AND CYLINDERROD END (SEE NOTE2) (STD& EMER ) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
14 UPLOCK HOOK AND UPLOCK ROD (STD & EMER ) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
15 DOOR HINGES MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
16 DRAG LINK ASSEMBLY AND IDLER LINK

(STD & EMER ) MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
17 UPPER AND LOWER TORQUE LINK MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
18 UPPER AND LOWER TORQUE LINK CONNECTING

BOLT AND SHIMMY DAMPENER MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
19 GEAR HOUSING BUSHINGS MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
20 RETRACTION ROD ENDS MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
21 UPLOCK ROD ASSEMBLY (STD & EMER (SEE

SPECIAL INSTRUCTION7) (SEE NOTE 2) MIL-G-3545 100 HRS
22 STEERING BELLCRANK ALL PURPOSE GREASE AS REQUIRED
Chart 2-1. Lubrication Chart (Landing Gears) (cont.)

1C16
106 1013 109
SKETCH C SKETCH D
289
261
SKETCH F SKETCH G
290 1344
SKETCH H SKETCH I
Chart 2-2. Lubrication Chart (Control System)

1C17
1 AILERON TRIM SCREW (SEE FIGURE 2-12b) MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
2 AILERONTRIM TAB HINGESAND CONTROLRODENDS

(SEE FIGURE2-12b) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
3 RUDDER TRIM SCREW(SEE FIGURE 2-12b) MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
4 RUDDER AND RUDDERTRIM TAB HINGES AND

CONTROL ROD ENDS (SEE FIGURE 2-12b) MIL-L-7870 1C0HRS
5 ELEVATOR AND ELEVATORTRIM TAB HINGES AND

CONTROL ROD ENDS (SEE FIGURE 2-12b) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
6 AILERON HINGES. RIGHT AND LEFT

(SEE FIGURE 2-12b) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
7 FLAP TRANSMISSION PIVOT BOLTS AND SENDER

ARM MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
8 FLAP TRANSMISSION, RIGHT AND LEFT REFERTO SPECIAL

INSTRUCTIONNO. 9 500 HRS
9 FLAP TRACK, RIGHT AND LEFT ALL PURPOSESLIP SPRAY

(DUPONT NO 6611) 100 HRS
10. FLAP TRACK ROLLERS. RIGHTAND LEFT MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
11 AILERON BELLCRANK CABLE ENDS, PIVOT BEARING

AND CONTROL ROD ENDS, RIGHT AND LEFT MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
12 TRIM SCREWS MIL-G-3278 OR

MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
13 TRANSMISSION SCREW, RIGHT AND LEFT MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
14 CONTROLWHEEL, TORQUE TUBE BEARINGS,

SPROCKETBUSHINGS. AND ROLLER BEARINGS MIL-L-7870 500 HRS
15 CONTROLWHEELCHAIN.VERTICALAND HORIZONTAL MIL-L-7870 500 HRS
16 CONTROLWHEEL, ROLLERS, UNK AND FLEXIBLE MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
17 RUDDERPEDALS, TORQUETUBE BEARINGS AND

BLOCK. CONTROLCABLE ENDS, BRAKE CYLINDER
ENDS AND PULLEYS MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
18 ELEVATOR BELLCRANK, PIVOTBOLTS AND

CABLE ENDS MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
19 RUDDER HORN CABLE ENDS MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
20 ELEVATOR TRIM SCREWS (SEE FIGURE2-12b) MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
21 ELEVATORTRIM TAB CONTROLROD ENDS

(SEE FIGURE 2-12b) MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
22 ELEVATOR CONTROLROD MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
Chart 2-2. Lubrication Chart (Control System) (cont.)

1C18
NOTE
REFERTO THE LATESTRE- 4
VISION OF HARTZELLSER-
VICELETTERNO. 61
WIPE
CLEAN
BETA SWITCH
SPECIALINSTRUCTIONS 485
CLEANOR REPLACEOILFILTERELEMENTAT EACH OIL DRAINPERIODAS DESCRIBEDIN
SECTIONVIII.IN AIRCRAFTWITHA TYPICALUTILIZATION
OF 50 HOURS/MONTHOR LESS,:
CHANGEENGINEOIL EVERY400 HOURSOR 9 MONTHS,WHICHEVERCOMES FIRST.REFER
TO THE LATESTREVISIONOF PRATTAND WHITNEY,SERVICEBULLETINNO. 1001 FOR A,
LISTOF APPROVEDOILSFOR THE PA-31TAND PA-31T2 AND REFERTO SERVICEBULLETIN
NO. 12001 FOR THE PA-31T1.
NOTE
REFER TO PARAGRAPH2-65 FOR
ENGINEACCESSORYDRIVESHAFTS
LUBRICATION.
................................
PA-31T ONLY
CARBON
WIPE
CLEAN
REFERTO SPECIALINSTRUCTIONS
VIEW A
SKETCHJ
Chart 2-3, Lubrication Chart (Power Plant and Accessories)

1C19
PA-31T1 ONLY
C434
4
PA-31T2 ONLYr
C623
2
Chart 2-3. Lubrication Chart (Power Plant and Accessories) (cont.)
Revised: 4/25/83 HANDLINGAND SERVICING

IC20
SKETCHA
FILL TRANSMISSION GEAR BOX

75 MIN. FULL WITH DUKES
P/N 2196-741 LUBRICANT.
17
487 3212
19
S/N 31T-7400002 THRU 31T-8104073
S/N 31T-8304001 AND UP SKETCHB

1C21
24
NOTE
ANYTIMEQUILL SHAFTIS REMOVED,

1C22
1 ZERK FITTINGS. BLADE HUB (2 PER BLADE) MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
2. FUEL CONTROL UNITINTERCONNECT ROD ENDS MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
3. CONTROL CAM AND PINS LUBRIPLATE 130A 100 HRS

4 PROPELLER CONTROL ROD ENDS MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
5. OIL FILTERELEMENT REF. TO SPECIAL

INSTRUC NO. 6
6 OIL TANK REF TO SPECIAL

INSTRUC. NO 6
7 PUSH PULL CONTROL - WIRE ROPE MIL-G-21164 100 HRS
8 TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY (SEE NOTE 2) DUKES 2196-74-1 500 HRS

9 TRANSMISSION SCREW MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
10 SLEEVE AND BOLT ASSEMBLY MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
11 OIL COOLER DOOR HINGE MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
12 ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR HINGE MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
13 BYPASS DOOR HINGE MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
14 BEARING BLOCKS MIL-G-23827 100 HRS
15 TRANSMISSION SCREW MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
16 TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY (SEE NOTE 2) DUKES 2196-74-1 500 HRS
17 TRANSMISSION MOUNTING BUSHINGS (SEE NOTE 1 ) MIL-G-23827 500 HRS
18 CLEVIS PIN MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
19 ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR ROD ENDS MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
20 CLEVIS PINS AND BOLT ASSEMBLiES MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
21 TRANSMISSION SCREW MIL-G-211 64C 500 HRS
22 CABIN DOOR LATCH. HINGES AND STEP

MECHANISM MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
23 NOSE CONE AND FORWARD BAGGAGE DOOR HINGES

AND LATCHES MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
24 SEAT TRACKS ALL MIL-L-7870 100 HRS
25 SPLINES OF QUILLSHAFT MIL-G-21164, PLASTIMOLY

OR PLASTILUBE #3 SEE NOTE
Revised:7/2/84 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1C23
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
2-66. OXYGEN SYSTEM.
2-67. SERVICING OXYGEN SYSTEM. The oxygen for the breathing system is furnished from a stationary
cylinder located in the nose section. Service and maintenance instructions for the oxygen system may be found
in Section XIV.
2-68. OXYGEN SYSTEM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. The utmost care must be exercised in servicing,
handling and inspection of the oxygen system. Comply with the following precautions:
a. Keep the oxygen regulator, cylinder, gauge, valve, fittings, masks and all other components of the
oxygen system free of oil, grease, fuel and all other readily combustible substances.
b. Do not allow foreign matter to enter the oxygen lines.
WARNING
The presence of foreign matter in the high pressure lines can cause an
explosion. When coming in contact with oxygen equipment keep
hands, tools and clothing clean - hospital clean.
c. Never attempt to repair or repaint oxygen equipment.

d. Keep fire and heat away from oxygen equipment. Do not smoke while working with or near oxygen
equipment and take care not to generate sparks with carelessly handled tools when working on the oxygen
system.
e. Never allow electrical equipment to come in contact with the oxygen cylinder.
f. Only a thread compound approved under M IL-T-5542 can be used safely on oxygen systems. Apply
only to the first three threads of male fittings to prevent thread seizure.
2-69. FILLING OXYGEN CYLINDER. The filler valve for the oxygen system is accessible through a door
located on the left side of the nose section.
a. To fill the oxygen cylinder, open the access door, remove the cap from the filler valve and attach the
filler hose from the oxygen recharge unit to the filler valve. Ascertain that all fittings are free from oil, grease,
dirt, etc.
NOTE
If the airplane's oxygen cylinder pressure is below 50 psi, the system

should be purged as described in Section XIV.
Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLINGAND SERVICING

1C24
TABLE II-V. OXYGEN SERVICING TABLE FOR 22 CUBIC FOOT CYLINDERS
Ambient Temperature After Cooling *Filling Pressure

Degrees Fahrenheit Pressure Static For 1800 PSI At NTP
-20 1382.6 1498.6

-15 1405.8 1521.8
-10 1429.0 1544.9
-5 1452.2 1568.1
0 1475.4 1591.3
5 1498.6 1614.5
10 1521.8 1637.7
15 1544.9 1660.9
20 1568.1 1684.1
25 1591.3 1707.3
30 1614.5 1730.5
35 1637.7 1753.7
40 1660.9 1776.8
45 1684.1 1800.0
50 1707.3 1823.2
55 1730.5 1846.4
60 1753.7 1869.6
65 1776.8 1892.8
70 1800.0 1916.0
75 1823.2 1939.2
80 1846.4 1962.4
85 1869.6 1985.5
90 1892.8 2008.7
95 1916.0 2031.9
100 1939.2 2055.1
105 1962.4 2078.3
110 1985.5 2101.5
115 2008.7 2124.7
120 2031.9 2147.9
125 2055.1 2171.1
*This column assumes about a 25° F rise in temperature due to the heat of
compression.
I I

1D1
TABLE II-V. OXYGEN SERVICING TABLE FOR 48 CUBIC FOOT CYLINDERS (cont.)

-20 1382.7 1498.6

-15 1405.9 1521.8
-10 1429.1 1545.0
-5 1452.3 1568.2
0 1475.5 1591.4
5 1498.6 1614.6
10 1521.8 1637.8
15 1545.0 1661.0
20 1568.2 1684.2
25 1591.4 1707.4
30 1614.6 1730.6
35 1637.8 1753.8
40 1661.0 1776.9
45 1684.2 1800.1
50 1707.4 1823.3
55 1730.6 1846.5
60 1753.8 1869.7
65 1776.9 1892.9
70 1800.1 1916.1
75 1823.3 1939.3
80 1846.5 1962.5
85 1869.7 1985.7
90 1892.9 2008.9
95 1916.1 2032.1
100 1939.3 2055.2
105 1962.5 2078.4
110 1985.7 2101.6
115 2008.9 2124.8
120 2032.1 2148.0
125 2055.2 2171.2
compression.

1D2
TABLE II-V. OXYGEN SERVICING TABLE FOR 22 AND

50 CUBIC FOOT CYLINDERS (cont.)

-20 1417.7 1537.8

-15 1441.8 1561.9
-10 1465.8 1585.9
-5 1489.8 1609.9
0 1513.8 1633.9
5 1537.8 1658.0
10 1561.9 1682.0
15 1585.9 1706.0
20 1609.9 1730.0
25 1633.9 1754.1
30 1658.0 1778.1
35 1682.0 1802.1
40 1706.0 1826.1
45 1730.0 1850.1
50 1754.1 1874.2
55 1778.1 1898.2
60 1802.1 1922.2
65 1826.1 1946.2
70 1850.1 1970.3
75 1874.2 1994.3
80 1898.2 2018.3
85 1922.2 2042.3
90 1946.2 2066.4
95 1970.3 2090.4
100 1994.3 2114.4
105 2018.3 2138.4
110 2042.3 2162.4
115 2066.4 2186.5
120 2090.4 2210.5
125 2114.4 2234.5
compression.
I

1D3
b. When using a recharge unit consistingof one supply cylinder, slowly open the valve of the supply.
unit and allow the oxygen to transfer until the service pressure for the cylinder is reached. Ambient
temperature must be considered when filling oxygen cylinders. Refer to Table II-V. Indicated Oxygen
Cylinder Pressure vs. Ambient Temperature.
c. Whenusing a recharge unit consistingof two or more supply cylinders(cascadestoragesystem),it is
recommended that the followingprocedure be used:
1. Beforeopeningany valves,checkthe pressureremainingin the airplane's oxygencylinder.If it
is still partly charged, note the pressure indicatedon the cylindergauge.Then open and closeeach valveon the
cascade storagesystem and determinewhich cylinderhas the lowest pressure.Whenfound, if this cylinderhas
a pressure lower than the oxygen cylinder in the airplane, do not attempt using it for filling. Usethe storage
cylinder that has a pressure higher than the airplane's cylinder but lower than the others.
2. Open the valve on only the one storage cylinder with the lowest pressure. Whenthe pressure
indicated on the airplane's oxygen gaugeand charging gaugehas becomeequal, close the valve of the storage
cylinder, then go to the storage cylinder with the next higher pressure and repeat the procedure.
3. If, after using the last storage cylinder,the airplane's oxygensystem is still not fullycharged,a
fullstorage cylinder should be put in place of a cylinder with the lowest pressureand used in the samemanner.
4. A good deal of oxygen willremain in the largecylindersusedin the cascadesystemafter filling
only one of the cylinders,but each remainingoxygenwillbe at a pressuresomethinglessthan the 1800pounds,
which is not sufficient pressure to completely refill another aircraft cylinder, although it will refill several
smaller cylinders.
5. It is not economical,evenon a three or four-cylindercascade systemto beginrecharging with
oxygen at less than 300 psi pressure in the 300 cubic foot bank of cylinders. So, use 300cubic foot cylinders
down to approximately 300 psi, then return for refilling.In two-cylindersystems,use to approximately 600
psi, then return for filling.
d. When the pressure gauge on the recharge unit or in the airplane reaches the appropriate service
pressure (refer to Table II-V),closethe pressure valveon the recharge unit. Disconnectthe fillerhose from the
filler valve, replace the protective cap on the filler valve and close the accessdoor.
2-70. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM. This system requires very little maintenance other than periodic
cleaning, checksfor leakage around the cabin area, and the operation of the controls necessaryto maintain
proper cabin pressurization. A cabin pressurization check should be performed in accordance with Section
XIII or Section XIIIA.
2-71. AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM. Servicingthis system consists of periodicallychecking the freon
refrigerant levelby operating the systemand observingthe sight gaugewindowin the upper end of the receiver-
dryer. This is done through the nose baggage compartment rear access panel. Check for signs of foam or
bubbles in the sight gauge. If these conditionsare observed, referto Section XIII or SectionXIIIA for further
instructions on the air conditioner. If the system must be recharged, it is advisable to check the oil in the
compressor at this time before recharging the system, and replace the receiver-dryer and O-rings in
connections which were opened.
2-72. CLEANING.
2-73. FIELD CLEANING ENGINE. Field Cleaning consists of internal washing of the compressor and
external washing of the engine. Refer to Table II-VIII for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Maintenance
Manual.
Revised: 9/23/81 1D4 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1D4
2-74. ENGINE COMPRESSOR WASHING. ThePrattand Whitney service manuals forthePT6A engine
gives full. detailed instructions for the washing of the engine and compressor. For specific instructions peculiar
to the Piper installation, the following additional instructions should also be used. (Refer to Table II-VIII.)
CAUTION
Before any type of cleaning make sure the cables are properly sealed
to prevent water from entering the cable housing. Try not to direct
any water pressure at these seals. Water could freeze and bind cables
under certain conditions.
a. Allow the engine to cool for at least 30 minutes before performing a compressor wash.
b. With the top cowling removed, disconnect the bleed air line at the union, just below the "T"
connection, and securely cap the lines.
c. Have the bleed air shut-off valve closed, and the ground run cowl installed.
d. On the affected engine, open the access door on the side of the bottom cowl and with the cleaning
mechanism attached to the wash ring fitting, perform the cleaning as directed in the P & W service manual.
e. A soaking period of about 15 minutes should be observed after wash.
NOTE
Motor engine with starter only. Make sure ignition is off and
appropriate fuel "firewall shut-off valve" is closed.
Due to chemicals in tap water which may cause deposits on

compressor blades, tap water should not be used.
CAUTION
Observe starter operating limits of 30 seconds on 60 seconds off. 30

seconds on 60 seconds off. 30 seconds on and then 30 minutes off.
2-75. CLEANING LANDING GEAR. Before cleaning the landing gear, place a plastic cover or similar
material over the wheel and brake assembly.
a. Place a pan under the gear to catch waste.
b. Spray or brush the gear area with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser, as desired. It may be
necessary to brush areas that were sprayed where heavy grease and dirt deposits have collected in order to clean
them.
NOTE
If desired, the inboard gear doors may be lowered by actuating the

emergency hand pump handle, with the master switch off.
c. Allow the solvent to remain on the gear from 5 to 10 minutes, then rinse the gear with additional
solvent and allow to dry.
d. Remove the cover from the wheel and remove the catch pan.
e. Lubricate the gear per Lubrication Chart.
Reissued: 2/6/81 1D5 HANDLING AND SERVICING

ID5
2-76. CLEANING EXTERIOR SURFACES. The airplane should be washed with a mild soap and water.
Harsh abrasive or alkaline soaps or detergents used on painted or plastic surfaces could make scratches or
cause corrosion of metal surfaces. Cover areas where cleaning solution could cause damage. To wash the
airplane, the following procedure may be used:
a. Flush away loose dirt with water.
b. Apply cleaning solution with a rag. sponge or soft bristle brush.
c. To remove stubborn oil and grease, use a cloth dampened with naphtha.
d. Any good automotive wax may be used to preserve the painted surfaces. Soft cleaning cloths or a
chamois should be used to prevent scratches when cleaning or polishing. A heavier coating of wax on the
leading surfaces will reduce the abrasion problems in these areas.
2-77. CLEANING WINDSHIELD AND WINDOWS.

a. Remove dirt, mud, etc., from exterior surface with clean water.
b. Wash with mild soap and water or a 50/50 solution of isopropanol and water. (Do not use plastic
cleaners on glass windshields.) Use a soft cloth or sponge using a straight rubbing motion. Do not rub harshly
on any surfaces.
NOTE
Do not use any abrasive materials, strong acids or bases, gasoline,

alcohol, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, thinner, acetone, or window
cleaning sprays.
c. Rinse thoroughly and dry.
NOTE
Do not apply wax to windshields.
d. After cleaning plastic surfaces, apply a thin coat of hard polishing wax. Rub lightly with a soft cloth.
Do not use a circular motion.
e. A severe scratch or mar in plastic can be removed by using jeweler's rouge to rub out the scratch.
Smooth both sides and apply wax.
f. To improve visibility through windshield and windows during flight through rain, a rain repellent
such as REPCON should be applied to the windshield and windows. The surfaces of the windshield and
windows treated becomes so smooth that water beads up and readily flows off the surface. Apply this product
in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. (Refer to Table II-VII. Consumable Materials, for
Specifications and Manufacturer's address.)
2-78. CLEANING HEADLINER, SIDE PANELS AND SEATS.

a. Clean headliner with a good quality rug and upholstery shampoo, such as the type manufactured by
Bond Sanitary Products of York. Penna. Follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Avoid soaking or
harsh rubbing.
CAUTION
Solvent cleaners require adequate ventilation.
b. Clean side panels and seats with a stiff bristle brush and vacuum where necessary.
c. Leather material should be cleaned with saddle soap or a mild soap and water.
2-79. CLEANING WOOD SURFACES. Wood surfaces may be cleaned with any household liquid or spray
cleaner and polish manufactured for this purpose.
1D6
2-80. CLEANING CARPETS. Use a small whisk broom or vacuum to remove dirt. For soiled spots, use a
non-inflammable dry-cleaning fluid.
2-81. CLEANING TOILET.

a. To dispose of the sanitary bag, pull the top of the bag from the pail and close with a wire tie. Remove
it from the airplane in the covered pail and dispose of according to field facilities. Do not attempt to flush the
bag in a toilet.
b. To clean and deodorize the airplane's toilet, mix a solution of disinfectant type cleaner. Using a soft
bristle brush, rag and solution, wash the toilet pail and seat. The toilet may be removed for cleaning by
disconnecting the two fasteners at the inside forward end of the unit. Slide it back and lift from the floor.
c. When offensive odor remains, use a stronger solution and reclean.
d. Rinse with fresh water and dry.
e. To install a new sanitary bag, place it over the top edge of the pail and push it into the bottom of the
pail.
2-82. AIRPLANE FINISH CARE. The complete airplane is carefully finished inside and outside to assure
maximum service life. Both sides of all parts are alodine treated and sprayed with zinc chromate primer. The
external surfaces are coated with durable Polyurethane enamel.
When washing the airplane it is advisable to use a mild soap and water solution. Loose dirt should be
flushed away with clean water. Harsh abrasive or alkaline soaps or detergents could cause corrosion or make
scratches in the finish.
Use naphtha and a soft cloth to remove stubborn oil and grease. Any good automotive wax can be used to
preserve the painted surfaces. Soft cleaning cloth or chamois should be used to prevent scratches when
cleaning or polishing. Apply a heavier coating of wax on the leading edges of the wings and tail surfaces and on
the nose cone section and propeller spinners to reduce the abrasion problems in these areas.
When repainting the airplane, never use aluminum foil as a paint spray mask on Aircon Nesa coated
windshields. Nesa film is used on the exterior for static electricity protection and is basically tin oxide. Most
metal brighteners, whether alkaline or acidic, can react with the aluminum foil and release hydrogen, which
may come in contact with the tin oxide. When the hydrogen and the tin oxide combine, the tin oxide film is
reduced to pure tin and when wiped away will leave a permanent dark stain. If metal brighteners are to be used,
insure adequate protection for the windshield by using paper and pasteboard prior to painting.
2-83. ELECTRIC WINDSHIELD WIPERS. Windshield wipers are standard equipment onthe left and
optional on the right windshield. To operate the windshield wipers, turn the switch located on the lower right
side of the instrument panel to either the HIGH or LOW position. When turning OFF the wipers, turn the
switch to either the OFF or PARK position. The OFF position stops the blades in place while the PARK
position returns the blades to the centerpost position.
WARNING
Never operate the windshield wiper on a dry windshield. This could

scratch the glass and shorten the life of the wiper blades.
The windshield wiper motor is located forward of the bulkhead at Station 81.00 at the upper left portion
of the fuselage skin. If the right side windshield wipers are installed, a flexible shaft is run from the electric
motor and transmission to a converter on the right side of the same bulkhead, and the wiper runs off this
converter. Refer to Section IV for adjustment of wiper blade and arm.

1D7
TABLE II-VI. DECIMAL CONVERSION CHART

1D8
110
ALL-WELDED CONSTRUCTION
2.0 X 6.0 X .200 X 9.0

STL. CHANNEL
2 REQ.
1.625 X 4.0 X .180 X 13.0

STL. CHANNEL
2 REQ.
Figure 2-13. Fabricated Jack Stand for Piper Jack, Part No. 18338-0
1D9
1019
2.00
2.00
4.00
END
ANGLE 2.00 X 2.00 X .125 X 4.00
(2 REQ.)
I 5.00
5.00
PLATE .375
PIPE 1 25
REQ.)
WHEELS
(OPTIONAL)
ALL-WELDED CONSTRUCTION ANGLE

CORNER DETAIL
Figure 2-14. Fabricated Tail Stand

1D10
1 EXHAUST STUB PLUG (51456-00)

2 PROPELLERANTI-SPIN BRACE (51459-06)
3 ENGINE AIR INLET COVER (51458-00)
4 ENGINE GROUND PROTECTIONCABLE
(ELASTIC CORD ON LATER MODELS)
5 GROUND PROTECTIONWARNING STRAP (51526-00)
-4
o
3
Figure 2-15. Protective Closures Installation

1D11
TABLE II-VII. CONSUMABLE MATERIALS
Material Specification or Brand Name Manufacturer
Anti-Seize Compound. MIL-T-5544 Armite Product. Armite Laboratories

Graphite Petrolatum 1845-49 Randolph Street. Los Angeles.
California 90001
Anti-Seize Compound I. Esso Standard
Oil Company. New York. New York
Anti-Seize Compound. TT-A-580 Armite Product. Armite Laboratories

White Lead Base 1845-49 Randolph Street. Los Angeles.
California 90001
Adhesive EC 801 Minnesota Mining and Mfg.

EC 807 Adhesive Coatings and Sealers Div.
EC 1357 3M Center
I St. Paul. Minn. 55144
Trichlorethylene Perm-A-Clor Dextrex Chemical Industries Inc.

(MIL.-T-7003) P.O. Box 501
Detroit. Michigan 48232
Turco 4217 Turco Products Inc.

24600 South Main Street. P.O. Box 6200
Carson. California 90749
Methvlethylketone TT-M-261
Anti-galling Ease-Off 990 Taxacone Company

(M IL-A-907) 1811 West Commerce
Dallas. Texas 75208
Extreme Pressure Lubriplate 130A Fiske Bros. Refining Company

(MIL-M-7866) 129 Lockwood Street
Newark. New Jersey 07105
Molybdenum Molykote. Type G (Paste) Dow Corning Corporation

Disulfide Molykote. Type Z (Powder) Alpha Molykote Plant
( MIL-M-7866) 64 Harvard Avenue
Stamford. Conn. 06902
"HI-TEMP" Anti- FEL-PRO C5-A Fel-Pro Incorporated

Seize Thread 7450 N. McCormick Blvd.. P.O. Box 1103
Compound Skokie, Illinois 60076

1D12
TABLE Il-VII. CONSUMABLE MATERIALS (cont.)
Loctite. Grade AA MIL-S-32473 Loctite Corporation

777 N. Mountain Road
Newington. Conn. 06111
Loctite. Grades H MIL-S-22473 Loctite Corporation

and HV 777 N. Mountain Road
Newington. Conn. 061 11
Gasket Cement Permatex No. 2. Permatex Co.. Inc.

Kansas City, Kansas
Grease. Aircraft 2196-74-1 Dukes Astronautics Company

Actuator 7866 Deering Avenue
Canoga Park, California 91304
Grease. Aircraft MIL-G-23827 Supermil Grease No. A72832, American Oil

and Instruments. Company. 165 N. Canal
Low and High Chicago, Illinois 60606
Temperature Royco 27A, Royal Lubricants Co.. River
Road, E. Hanover, New Jersey 07934
Shell 6249 Grease. Shell Oil Co.
I Shell Plaza
Houston, Texas 77002
RR-28, Socony Mobil Oil Co., Inc.
Washington 5, D.C.
Castrolease Al, Castrol Oils Inc.
Newark, New Jersey
Grease. High MIL-L-3545 Mobile Grease 28, Mobil Oil Corp.

Temperature Superseded 150 E. 42nd St.
I By MIL-G-81322 New York. N.Y. 10017
Oil. Air Conditioner Frigidaire #525
Suniso #5 Virginia Chemical and Smelting Co.

3340 W. Norfolk Rd.
Portsmouth, VA 23703
Texaco Capella "E" Texaco Inc.

2000 West Chester Ave.
White Plains, N.Y. 10650

1D13
TABLE II-VII. CONSUMABLE MATERIALS (cont.)
Lubricating Grease, MIL-G-6032 L-237 Lehigh Chemicals, Nuddex Division

Gasoline and Oil Tenneco Chemicals Inc.
Resistant Chestertown, Maryland 21620
Rockwell 950, Rockwell Manufacturing Co.
4207 First Ave., Brooklyn, New York 11232
Royce 32, Royal Engineering Co.
Whippany. New Jersey
Hydraulic Fluid MIL-H-5606 3126 Hydraulic Oil, Humble Refining Co.

I 8231 Stedman, Houston, Texas 77001
XSL 7828, Shell Oil Company
I I Shell Plaza, Houston, Texas 77002
PED 3337, Standard Oil of California
225 Bush Street
San Francisco, California 94104
Lubricating Oil MIL-L-7870 Caltex Low Temp Oil, Caltex Oil Products
General Purpose, Co., New York, New York
Low Temperature Sinclair Aircraft Orbitlube, Sinclair
Refining Co., 600 Fifth Avenue
New York. New York
1692 Low Temp Oil, Texaco Inc.
2000 WestChester Ave.
White Plains, New York 10650
Silicone Rubber RTV 103 General Electric, Silicone Products Dept.

Waterford, New York 12188
Thread Compound. MIL-T-5542

Anti-Seize and
Sealing
Thread Sealant. MIL-T-27730

High Pressure
Oxygen System
Cleaning Solvent P.D.-680 Stoddard Solvent
Rain Repellent REPCON UNELKO Corporation

FSCM 50159 727 E. 110th Street
Chicago, Illinois 60628
Lubricating Grease MIL-G-4343 Dow Corning Corporation

P.O. Box 592
I Midland, MI 48640

1D14
TABLE II-VII. CONSUMABLE MATERIALS (cont.)
Toluol TT-T-548
Engine Oil CPW 202. PWA 521

Refer to the latest revision of
Pratt and Whitney Engine
Service Bulletin No. 1001for
PA-3 IT. PA-31T2 and for
PA-31TI Service Bulletin
No. 12001.
Engine Fuel PWA 522. CPW 46
NOTE
Aviation Gasoline
MIL-G-5572 may be
used for a maximum
of 150 hours between
overhaul.
Sealer Sentry Seal Organic Products Co.

I 1963 E. Irving Blvd.
Irving. Texas 75060
NOTE
Manufacturers listed are not specifically recommended by Piper

Aircraft Corporation. Any product conforming to specification
may be used.
NOTE
Tools with Part Numbers given are available through the Piper
Service Department. Specifications for fabricated tools may be
found by referring to the appropriate illustration Figure number in
the Service Manual.

1D15
1345 598
I
51516 BETA RIGGING SHIM
51513 RIGGING TEMPLATE LOCATOR PIN
51512 RIGGING POINTER
PROPELLER
MOUNTINGBOLT
WRENCHP/N 51514
491 1348
51515 ENGINE SLING ASSEMBLY 51517 GOVERNOR ADJUSTING TOOL
1346
51519 FEEDBACK RING PULLER ASSEMBLY 51520 GROUND TEST COWL ASSEMBLY
Figure 2-16. SpecialTools
1D16
409
FABRICATEDJACK STAND FOR PIPER

JACK P/N 18338-0 (Refer to Figure FABRICATED TAIL STAND (Refer to
Figure 2-14 )
2-13)
a
FABRICATED SEALANT TOOLS FABRICATED AILERON-ELEVATOR

(Refer to Figure 4-28 ) RIGGING TOOL (Refer to Figure 5-27 )
FABRICATED BELLCRANK RIGGING FABRICATED RUDDER RIGGING TOOL

TOOL (Refer to Figure 5-28 ) (Refer to Figure 5-29 )
I
Figure 2-16. SpecialTools (cont.)

1D17
PIPERCHEYNNE SERVICEMANUAL
-FABRICATED TOOL. NOSE GEAR

FABRICATED RUDDER TRIM TAB GAUGE LINK TRAVEL (Refer to Figure
RIGGING TOOL (Refer to Figure 5-30) 7-30 )
1347 C476
0
FABRICATED TIRE
FABRICATED TOOL, MAIN GEAR SIDE BALANCER (Refer
BRACE LINK TRAVEL (Refer to Figure to Figure 2-12a )
7-31
1346
TORQUE METER PRESSURE TESTER

FABRICATED TOOL, MAIN GEAR TOE- MODEL 2311F
IN ADJUSTMENT (Refer to Figure 7-32 ) BARFIELD INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
Figure 2-16. SpecialTools (cont.)

1D18
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
DIGITAL MULTI-METER
MANUFACTURER - DATA PRECISION
DATA PRECISIONCORP
ELEC AVE DANVERS IND PARK
DANVERS. MA 01923
(617) 246-1600
BARFIELD INSTRUMENT CORPORATION

MODEL 2312G
TURBINE TEMPERATURE
INDICATING TEST SET
HEATER
SPARKPLUGGAPADJUSTMENT
TOOLP/N 55998
FABRICATEDTOOL
REFERTO FIGURE13-13
Figure2-16. SpecialTools (cont.)
Revised:1/5/84 HANDLINGAND SERVICING

1D19
KEYP/N 405394
AUXILECINC.
535 BROADHOLLOWROAD
MELLVILLE.N.Y 11747
TOOLP/N E3370
AUXILECINC.
535 BROADHOLLOWROAD
MELLVILLEN.Y.11747
TOOLP/N E3487 KEYP/N E3392

AUXILECINC. AUXILECINC.
535 BROADHOLLOWROAD 535 BROADHOLLOWROAD
MELLVILLE.
N.Y. 11747 MELLVILLE,
N.Y. 11747
AUXILECINC.
535 BROADHOLLOWROAD
MELLVILLE.
N.Y. 11747
ENDPIECE
P/N 4809378
--
TOOLP/N E3390
AUXILECINC.
535 BROADHOLLOWROAD
N.Y. 11747
MELLVILLE.
Figure 2-16. Special Tools (cont)

1D20
C750
32409 CLUTCHFRONT PLATE SPANNER
32446 JAWS
32418 ROTORPULLER SET
32435 CLUTCH ROTORINSTALLATION SET
32448 ANGLE GAUGE
32436 SHAFT PROTECTOR
32416 FRONT PLATE PULLER
NOTE
FORTHESE SPECIALTOOLS CONTACTSANKYO.SANDEN
INTERNATIONAL INC. 10710 SANDEN DRIVE, DALLAS,
TEXAS 75238 PHONE 214-349-3030, TELEX: 73-0497
Figure 2-16. Special Tools (cont)

1D21
TABLE II-VIII. LIST OF VENDOR PUBLICATIONS
MODEL VENDOR PART NUMBER
ENGINE
PA-31T Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual No. 3013242
PA-31TI Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual No. 3030442
PA-31T2 Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual No. 3021242
ENGINE MOUNTING SYSTEMS
All PA-31T LM-423. LM-423R and LM-423S Lord Bulletin No.
Series Lord Aerospace Products SM-6304
1635 West 12th Street
Erie. Pennsylvania 16514
BATTERY
PA-31T.
PA-31TI Gulton. Nickel-Cadmium Aircraft
Battery Maintenance Manual No. 15382
212 Durham Ave.
Metuchen. N.J. 08840
PA-31T.
PA-31TI. Saft. Nickel-Cadmium Aircraft
PA-31T2 Battery Operating and Maintenance Manual No. DC 3176-5A
711 Industrial Blvd.
Valdosta, Georgia 31601
PA-31T.
PA-31TI. Marathon Battery. Marathon Nickel-Cadmium
PA-31T2 Instruction Manual No. BA-89
8301 Imperial Drive
P.O. Box 8233
Waco. Texas 76710
STARTER-GENERATOR
PA-31T.
PA-31TI Lear Siegler, Inc. /Power Equipment Division
Maintenance Manual (Starter-Generators
All Models) File #23700
Overhaul Manual. 23048 Series File #23202
17602-T Broadway Ave.
Maple Heights, Ohio 44137
PA-31T.
PA-31TI. Auxilec Inc.
PA-31T2 Maintenance and Overhaul Manual 8013C
535-T Broad Hollow Road
Mellville. New York 11747
All PA-31T HTL Advanced Technology Division

Series 101-T E. Wheeler Ave. 30104100
Arcadia. CA 91006

1D22
SECTIONIII
INSPECTION
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
3-1. General ............................................................................................. 1D24

3-2. Special Inspection for Unusual Conditions ......... ........................................... D24
3-3. Engine Overtemperature and Overtorque Limits Inspection ................................... 1D24
3-4. Engine Unscheduled Inspection Due to Overspeed, Sudden Stoppage,
Loss of Oil and Lightning Strike. ............................................................... 1D24
3-5. Hard or Overweight Landing ........................................................................ D24
3-6. Severe Turbulence ................................................................................... E
3-7. Component Overlimits Inspection................................................................... El
3-8. Inspection of Wing Flap Transmission .............................................................. 1E1
3-9. Inspection of Wing Flap Transmission Actuator Cable ........................................... 1E2
3-10. Reduction of Friction in Wing Flap System ....................................................... 1E7
3-11. Wing Flap Motor No Load RPM Check ............. ......... ............ .. .. 1...
IE7
3-12. Inspection of Aileron Sprocket and Chain ....................................................... 1E8
3-13 Control Cable Inspection - Standard Procedures ......... ................................ 1E10
3-14. Lock Wiring of V-Band Couplings ............. .................................. 1E10
3-15. Inspection of Flexible Hoses ......................................................................... E
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1D23

SECTION III
INSPECTION
3-1. GENERAL. This section has been superseded by the Piper Continuous Inspection Manual, P/N 761 520
(50 hour) or P N 761 644(100 hour) for the PA-31T PA-31TI.PA-31TIA and for the PA-31T2, Inspection
Manual. P/N 761 750 (100 hour).
Required inspection procedures are outlined in Piper Continuous Inspection Manual.
Additional copies are available through Piper Service Department. This inspection consists of
Routine and Detailed (Event) inspections performed every 50 hours of aircraft servicetime, thus
providing a complete airworthiness inspection of airplane every 200 hours (one complete cycle).
Also included are various special inspections required at specific service times other than those
arriving on 50 hour events.
This type of inspection was selected by Piper Aircraft Corporation to provide greater
utilization of aircraft through use of this planned inspection program.
3-2. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS FOR UNUSUAL CONDITIONS. The following inspections
must be performed upon indication of any unusual conditions observed or reported by
maintenance personnel or owner/operator of aircraft.
3-3. ENGINE OVERTEMPERATURE AND OVERTORQUE LIMITS INSPECTION. If
any overtemperature or overtorque condition has occurred, refer to Table II-VIII for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual, for necessary inspection procedures and
corrective actions.
3-4. ENGINE UNSCHEDULEED INSPECTION DUE TO OVERSPEED, SUDDEN
STOPPAGE, LOSS OF OIL AND LIGHTNING STRIKE. If an engine suffers any abnormal
operating conditions, inspections and corrective actions detailed in Pratt and Whitney Engine
Maintenance Manual, must be performed. Refer to Table II-VIII for appropriate Pratt and
Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.
3-5. HARD OR OVERWEIGHT LANDING OR LANDING GEAR EXTENTION ABOVE
VLO.Refer to Piper ServiceBulletin 845.This inspection must be performed after a known rough
landing is made or when a landing is made whileaircraft is known to exceeddesign landing weight.
The following areas and items must be checked throroughly for any unusual conditions:
a. Wrinkled Wing Skin - most easily detected sign of excessiveloads having been imposed
during a landing.
b. Fuel Leaks - along riveted seams of nacelle fuel tanks.
c. Spar webs, bulkheads, nacelle skins and attachments, fire wall skins, and wing and
fuselage stringers.
d. Misalignment of right and left-hand components such as power plants, wings, etc.
1D24
3-6. SEVERE TURBULENCE. This inspection should be performed when the aircraft has encountered a gust
condition, suspected of exceeding the normal wing loading of the aircraft. The gust tends to accelerate the
aircraft while its inertia acts to resist this change. If the combination of gust velocity and airspeed is too severe,
the induced stress can cause structural damage. The following areas and items should be checked thoroughly
for any unusual conditions:
a. Wrinkled Wing Skins - upper and lower surfaces for excessive buckles or wrinkles with permanent set.
NOTE
Where wrinkles have occurred, afew rivets should be removed and the
rivet shanks examined to determine if the rivets have sheared or were
highly loaded in shear.
b. Wing Spar Web - inspect all spar webs from the fuselage to the wing tips, through all access and
inspection panels available.
c. Check for buckling, wrinkles, and sheared attachments in the area around the nacelles, particularly at
the wing leading edge.
d. Check for Fuel Leaks - this could indicate that an overload has broken the sealant and opened the
seams of fuel tanks.
e. Fuselage Skins - check upper and lower skins for wrinkles of a diagonal nature; this would be an
indication of excessive bending.
f. Empennage - check for wrinkles, buckling or sheared attachments, also the area of attachment of
empennage to the fuselage.
g. Landing Gear - if the gear was lowered during the time of severe turbulence, inspect the surrounding
surfaces carefully for loose rivets, cracks or buckling. The interior of the wheel well may give further
indications of excessive gust conditions.
NOTE
The above inspections cover the critical areas. If excessive damage is
found in any of these areas, the inspection should be continued until
all the damage is detected.
3-7. COMPONENT OVERLIMITS INSPECTION. If the aircraft has been operated so that any of its
components have exceeded the maximum operational limits, check with the appropriate manufacturer for the
necessary corrective action.
3-8. INSPECTION OF WING FLAP TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 3-1.) The Dukes flap transmissions
are inspected at every 100 hour inspection cycle of the aircraft. The Calco flap transmissions are inspected at
the first 500 hour inspection cycle of the airplane (or at 500 hours time-in-service for replacement Calco
transmissions, as applicable) and at each 100 hours thereafter. This is accomplished without removal of the
transmissions, by the following procedures:
a. Position the flaps in the extended position (Down).
b. Remove the access covers on the lower wing surface to gain access to the flap transmissions.
c. With the use of vise grip pliers and exerting light pressure, grasp the exposed portion of the screw
close to the transmission as shown. (Refer to Views A and B.)
d. With the pliers secured to the screw a light pressure will move the pliers and screw as free play in the
transmission gear set is taken up in either direction. Do not force the pliers.
e. Place a six inch ruler along the skin surface as shown in View B and measure the overall distance the
pliers move.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1E1

I
C
FWD. C
C
VISEGRIP
UERS
C C C C C SCREW
C C C C C C C C
FIGUREB
FIGUREA
Figure 3-1. Wing Flap Transmission Inspection
f. Should this dimension exceed .32 (5/ 16) of an inch for the Duke's transmission or.30 of an inch for
the Calco transmission, replace the transmission assembly. (See parts catalog for part number.) (Refer to
Section V, for transmission removal and installation.)
g. Reinstall the access panels and make appropriate logbook entry.
h. Continue inspection at 100 hour intervals.
3-9. INSPECTION OF WING FLAP TRANSMISSION ACTUATOR CABLE. (Refer to Figure 3-2.)
a. Remove access plate from underside of left and right wing trailing edge, to gain access to flap
transmissions.
b. Remove all ty-raps and support clamps along the entire length of both flexible shaft assemblies and
inspect the outer housing. If the housing is damaged, replace the flexible shaft assembly.
c. Check the distance between the flexible shaft assembly nut and the transmission to determine if
shaft assembly is properly installed.
d. When properly installed, the nut on flexible shaft will bottom or be within 3/16 of an inch of
bottoming against the transmission.
e. Disconnect flexible shafts and remove the flap motor. Using caution not to damage the flexible
shafts housing, route the flexible shafts outboard through the longitudinal beams.
NOTE
Do not disconnect flexible shaft from transmission at this time.
Revised: 1/5/84 INSPECTION

1E2
1020
.230 to .260 including See Instructions(Paragraph3-9)
I for inspection and proper dimension.
- Flap Transmission
Flexible Shaft Assembly
Figure 3-2. Wing Flap Actuator Cable

1E3
Adapter Housing MOTOR END

Drve
Spline Ascertain That Spline Drive Is
Centered In The Adapter Housing
Mounting Nuts
Check Here For Signs Of
Spline Fitting Looseness
,Housing
_
095
M
Measure Swage
(.247 Inches Max.)
TRANSMISSION END
Flap
Pointer Attached To
Transmission Flexible
Shaft (Make From 032
Safety Wire)
If Distance Between Reference

Secure One End Of Motor
Mark And Pointer Exceeds
With A Tongue Depressor Or
5/32 Of An Inch (4MM) Replace
Similar Method Flexible Shaft Assembly
(NOTE USE CAUTION NOT TO
DAMAGE MOTOR SHAFT)
Figure 3-2. Wing Flap Actuator Cable (cont.)
Added: 10/15/82 INSPECTION

1E4
f. Visually inspect the flexible shaft splined drive coupling and retaining pin for evidence of looseness
on the cable swage fitting.
g. Inspect the swaged fittings at both ends of the flexible shaft as follows:
1. Expose the swaged portion of the inner cable at the motor end by twisting the outer housing
two (2) turns clockwise. The swaged portion of the cable should have six (6) or eight (8) flats clearly visible and
free from deep scratches or wear.
2. Using a micrometer, or dial caliper, measure the diameter of the swage at each of the flats at
the middle of the swaged portion of the cable. A total of four (4) measurements should be taken. If any of the
measurements exceed .273 inch for 6 flats or .294 for 8 flats, replace the drive shaft.
3. Disconnect drive shaft from the flap transmission. Using caution not to damage the shaft
housing, route inboard through Sta. 87.50 bulkhead. Inspect the swaged portion of the drive blade fitting end
as described in Steps "1" and "2" above.
4. Inspect the drive blade dimension.
h. Inspect the internal splines of the drive coupling for evidence of wear. If splines are distorted or
significantly worn, replace the drive shaft. Use the following method to determine if the amount of spline wear
is acceptable.
1. Twist a piece of .032 safety wire around the swaged fitting at the motor end of the drive shaft to
form a pointer. With one end of the flap motor armature shaft secured engage the opposite end into the flexible
shaft spline.
2. H old the spline end of the flexible shaft securely with one hand, and gently turn the flap motor
to remove rotational play in the splines. Place a reference mark on the motor housing adjacent to the wire
pointer. Turn the flap motor gently in the opposite direction to remove rotational play and place another
reference mark on the motor housing. If the distance between these two marks exceed 5/32 of an inch replace
the shaft assembly.
i. While holding the transmission end of the drive shaft stationary, twist the motor end one turn
clockwise and release. Inspect for evidence of movement between the inner cable and the swaged fittings at
both ends. Turn cable one turn counterclockwise and repeat inspection. If movement or separation between
the inner cable and the swage fitting is apparent, replace the flexible shaft assembly.
NOTE
If pliers or similar tool is used to twist cable, wrap cable ends with
tape or a cloth to prevent damage.
j. Determine that the inner cable moves freely within the housing, and may be turned easily by hand.
If there is any snagging or binding the cable must be replaced.
k. Reassembly of the Flap System:
1. Ascertain that the flap motor shaft is centered within the motor adapter housing.
2. Align and insert tang on shaft assembly into slot in transmission. Tighten nut finger tight and
wrench not over 1/16 turn from finger tight. When installed by this method the dimension between the nut and
transmission will be as noted in Step d, thus insuring that the end of shaft housing is firmly seated against the
transmission. Safety nut with .040 wire.
3. Twist outer housing in proper direction bringing clearance to 3/64 ± 1/32 of an inch.
4. Holding outer housing in this position, insert spline into flap motor, tighten nut finger tight
and wrench not over 1/ 16 turn from finger tight. Safety nut with .040 brass wire.
5. Lubricate both ends of flexible shafts with MIL-G-23827 grease.
6. Reassemble and verify flap system rigging as outlined in (Chapter V) of the appropriate
Service Manual.
1. Reinstall the ty-raps, support clamps, floorboards, access panels and make appropriate logbook
entry.

1E5
PIPERCHEYNNE SERVICEMANUAL
112
Remove any burrs
Remote .015 to .016 from The flat of the washers

one ide of roller - should face the rollers.
Part Nos. 86102-104 Part Nos. 40559-43
88102-106 40559-42
86102-106
VIEW A-A
113
These mounting holes may be

slotted .125 on either side of center.
.125
with finger
Figure 3-3. Friction Reduction in WingFlap System
Reissued:2/6/81 INSPECTION
1E6
3-10. REDUCTION OF FRICTION IN WING FLAP SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 3-3.) To insure proper
flap system operation and reduce friction on the flap motor, the following inspection and repairs are only
required should operational problems exist in the flap system:
a. Remove both right and left flap assemblies from the aircraft. (Refer to Section IV.)
b. Clean all paint and dirt from the top and bottom of the flap tracks.
c. Inspect the flap tracks for any burrs along the track edges. If any are found, remove them with a
fine file. Insure that no noticeable depressions are evident at the ends of the track areas. (Refer to Figure
3-3 for specific locations.)
d. Using fine sandpaper, polish the inside surfaces of the flap tracks and lubricate the tracks with
light oil, MIL-L-7870 or Dupont Slip Spray No. 6611.
e. Clean all dirt and paint from the flap rollers.
f. On each flap roller, Part Numbers 86102-104, 86102-105 and 86102-106 remove 1/64 or .016 of
an inch from one side of each roller. (Refer to Figure 3-3, View A-A.)
g. Polish all flap rollers and lubricate with light oil. MIL-L-7870.
h. Insure that the washers, Part Numbers 40559-43 and 40559-42 used on both sides of the rollers
are flat. (Refer to Figure 3-3, View A-A.)
i. Install both flap assemblies on the aircraft. (Refer to Section IV.) Do not connect the flap
transmission screws to the flaps at this time.
j. Ascertain that the flap rollers turn freely and that the flaps will move freely in the flap tracks
under their own weight through the entire length of the flap tracks.
k. Insure that the flap transmission screw fits into the horn assembly on the flap without any binding.
NOTE
It may be necessary to move the horn assembly to obtain this no

binding fit. The mounting holes on the horn assembly may be slotted
to gain some adjustment if needed. (Refer to Figure 3-3. View B-B
for dimensions of slots.)
1. Ascertain that the transmission bolt at the flap end fits into the screw end and horn assembly with
finger pressure only. (Refer to Figure 3-3.)
m. Install the transmission bolt AN4-15, washer AN960-416, and nut AN310-4 only finger tight and
install a cotter pin MS24665-134.
n. If not previously accomplished at the regular 100 hour inspection, the flap transmission should be
checked in accordance with Paragraph 3-8.
o. Ascertain that the flap transmission cables are installed properly. (Refer to Paragraph 3-9.)
p. Inspect the travel of the flaps in the flap tracks per instructions given in Section V.
q. Ascertain that all wires on the flap relay in the radio compartment are tight.
r. Ascertain that all wires on the flap selector switch are tight.
3-11. WING FLAP MOTOR NO LOAD RPM CHECK. (Refer to Figure 3-4.) This check for demagne-
tization of the flap actuating motor should be accomplished along with friction reduction per Paragraph 3-10
if flap motor circuit breaker popping has been or remains a problem.
a. With the wing flap motor (1) installed in the aircraft, disconnect both of the flexible drive shafts
(4) and remove one of the flex drive adapters (2) from the motor.
b. On the exposed motor splines, paint a white strip on one of the spline teeth.
c. Energize the flap motor with the flap selector switch.

1E7
114
1. MOTOR
2. FLEX DRIVE ADAPTER
3. NUT
2 3 4 4. SHAFTASSEMBLY
Figure 3-4. Wing Flap Motor
d. With the aid of a Simpson 410 Photo Tachometer or equivalent,hold the probe within one-half of
an inch of the painted rotating spline shaft and observe the RPM reading on the meter. RPM in excess of
11.000will indicate a demagnetizedmotor which should be replaced.
e. In the event that the above meter cannot be obtained, another method can be used to make the
check.This would require the removal of the motor from the aircraft and using a hand held tachometer and
24-volt D.C. power source. (Refer to Section V for removal and installation of flap actuator motor.) If this
cannot be accomplished,removethe motor and take it to a local electric motor overhaul facilityfor the RPM
check.
f. Reassembleand insure proper spline shaft engagement per Paragraph 3-9.
NOTE
Do not perform no load RPM check unless a problem of circuit
breaker popping exists or has existed with the flap motor that is
still in the system.
3-12. INSPECTION OF AILERON SPROCKET AND CHAIN. (Refer to Figure 3-5.)
a. To determine if corrective action is required because of misalignment of the pilot's control wheel
sprocket and mating aileron control chain, it will be necessaryto perform the followingchecks at each 100
hour inspection of the airplane:
NOTE
To adequately perform the followingchecks, the aircraft should
be located in an area relativelyfree of excessivenoiseand vibration.

1E8
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
470
.032 SHIM
2024-T3 ALUM.
P/N 41179-00
.012 SHIM
2024-T3 ALUM.
P/N 55817-02
Figure 3-5. Inspection of Aileron Sprocket and Chain
Reissued: 2/6/81 INSPECTION

1E9
1. Gently grasp the pilot's control wheel with both hands. Slowly rotate the wheel while carefully
listening for sounds of roughness or the feel of uneven action when the aileron chain links pass
over each tooth of the sprocket.
2. With one mechanic slowly rotating the pilot's control wheel, and another mechanic (with flashlight
and mirror) observing the movement of the aileron chain over the sprocket, observe for smooth
flow of the chain links over the sprocket throughout the total travel of the control wheel.
b. If roughness or uneven action is not felt, heard or seen, no further action is required.
c. If roughness or uneven action is detected, it could be due to lack of lubrication on the chain (if so,
clean and lubricate), bent teeth on the sprocket (if so, sprocket must be replaced) or sprocket/control
chain misalignment that must be corrected as follows:
1. Inspect at outboard end of sprocket housing to determine if the .032 shim is installed between the
offset in the housing and the bulkhead. Install shim if it is not present. This shim will ensure
proper horizontal alignment.
2. To attain proper vertical alignment, install new .012 shims between the top or bottom of the
sprocket housing and the bulkhead, as required, to ensure a smooth flow of the chain links over the
sprocket.
3-13. CONTROL CABLE INSPECTION - STANDARDPROCEDURES. See Appendix, Section V, Grid 1L18.
3-14. LOCK WIRING OF V-BAND COUPLINGS (Refer to Figure 3-6). Field reports indicate "T-bolts" in the
V-band couplings installed in some Piper airplanes have broken. The failure of a T-bolt can allow the coupling
to separate, permitting hot exhaust gases or bleed air to escape, creating a fire hazard. See latest Piper Service
Bulletin No. 884. Ensure that all V-band couplings in the exhaust, bleed air or cabin heat systems are lock
wired as follows:
a. Refer to the applicable parts catalog to determine the number and location of V-band couplings
installed in your airplane.
b. Inspect all V-band Couplings for security and integrity of T-bolts and lock wire (if installed).
c. If lock wire is damaged or missing, lock wire coupling using MS20995-C41 wire.
MS 20995-C41 WIRE
T-BOLT
Figure 3-6. V-Band Coupling Lock Wire
3-15. INSPECTION OF FLEXIBLE HOSES. It is recommended that flexible hoses be inspected every 100
hours. especially those in the engine compartments. When inspecting the hoses, look for the following
conditions:
a. Check each installation to be sure the hose is not kinked, twisted, or distorted. Also check for evidence
of abrasion, cuts and/or broken wires. It should be noted that random broken wires are acceptable since
wire breaks sometimes occur during manufacture. A general rule of thumb is to discard a hose if two
or more broken wires are found per plait (braid) or more than six broken wires per lineal foot. Broken
wires in an area where kinking is evident is also a cause for rejection.
NOTE
During the manufacturing process, a condition known as "rubber
strike through" occasionally occurs. This condition is such that rubber
material protrudes through the wire braid cover. Although it exhibits
an unpleasant appearance, it has no affect on the quality of the hose.
b. Check each assembly for deterioration, ply separation of cover or braid, cracks, weather checking, lack
of flexibility, blisters or bulging, collapse, or sharp bending. Blisters that form on the outer synthetic
cover, however, do not necessarily affect the serviceability of the hose. If a blister is discovered,
remove the hose from the aircraft and puncture the blister with a pin. If the blister collapses, and only
air emerges. pressure test the hose at 1.5 times the system operating pressure and make sure no leakage
occurs. If fluid leaks from the hose during the test or when the blister is punctured, reject the hose
assembly.
NOTE
Puncturing the outer cover of the hose may permit entry of corrosive
elements that could attack the wire braiding and ultimately result in
failure. For this reason, puncturing the outer cover as previously
described should be avoided if possible.
c. If weather checking, or small cracks in the external surface of the hose are found, the hose may be
re g arded as serviceable provided the cracks do not penetrate the first braid.
d. If the age or the condition of the hose as just described warrants proof of integrity, the hose should be
removed and inspected internally. When inspecting the inside of the hose, look for evidence of
deterioration, tube collapse, cut rubber, wire braid puncture, or restriction. To inspect hoses with elbow
fittings, a flexible inspection light and viewer may be used, or an inspection ball as described in Table
III-I.
e. Should any hose be questionable as to it's serviceability, a proof pressure test should be accomplished.
It is recommended that the hose assembly be pressure tested at generally twice recommended
operating pressure for the specific hose. (Refer to Table III-I.)
TABLE III-I. BALL DIAMETERS FOR TESTING HOSE RESTRICTIONS
Hose Size Ball Size

-4............................................. 5/64
-5............................................. 9/64
-6............................................. 13/64
-8............................................. 9/32
- 10............................................ 3/8
- 12............................................ 1/2
- 16............................................ 47/64
-20 ............................................ 61/64
TABLE III-II. HOSE SPECIFICATIONS
SINGLEWIREBRAIDFABRICCOVERED
TUBE HOSE HOSE RECOMM MIN MAX. MIN.
MIL SIZE SIZE SIZE OPER. BURST PROOF BEND
PART NO O.D. 0D PRESS PRESS. PRESS RADIUS
MIL-H-8794- 3-L 3/16 1/8 45 3.000 12.000 6,000 3.00

MIL-H-8794- 4-L 1/4 3/16 .52 3,000 12,000 6,000 300
MIL-H-8794- 5-L 5/16 1/4 .58 3.000 10,000 5,000 3.38
MIL-H-8794- 6-L 3/8 5/16 67 2,000 9,000 4,500 400
MIL-H-8794- 8-L 1/2 13/32 77 2.000 8.000 4.000 463
MIL-H-8794-10-L 5/8 1/2 92 1.750 7,000 3,500 550
MIL-H-8794-12-L 3/4 5/8 10 1,500 6.000 3,000 650
MIL-H-8794-16-L 1 7/8 1 23 800 3,200 1,600 7 38
MIL-H-8794-20-L 11/4 11/8 150 600 2.500 1.250 900
MIL-H-8794-24-L 11/2 1 3/8 1 75 500 2.000 1,000 1100
MIL-H-8794-32-L 2 1 13/16 2.22 350 1,400 700 13.25
MIL-H-8794-40-L 21/2 23/8 288 200 1,000 300 24 00
MIL-H-8794-48-L 3 3 3.56 200 800 300 3300
Construction: Seamless syn- Uses: Hose is approved for use

thetic rubber inner tube rein- in aircraft hydraulic, pneumatic,
forced with one fiber braid, one coolant,fuel and oil systems
braid of high tensile steel wire
andcoveredwith an oil resistant OperatingTemperatures:
rubber impregnatedfiber braid. Sizes -3 thru -12 Minus 65°F
to plus 250°F
Identification: Hose is iden-
tified by specification number, Sizes-16 thru -48: Minus 40°F
size number, quarter year and to plus 275°F
year, hose manufacturer'siden-
tification.
MULTIPLEWIRE BRAID RUBBER COVERED
TUBE HOSE HOSE RECOMM MIN MAX. MIN.
MIL SIZE SIZE SIZE OPER BURST PROOF BEND
PARTNO O.D ID PRESS PRESS PRESS RADIUS
MIL-H-8788- 4-L 1/4 7/32 63 3.000 16.000 8.000 3.00

MIL-H-8788- 5-L 5/16 9/32 70 3.000 14,000 7,000 3 38
MIL-H-8788- 6-L 3/8 11/32 77 3,000 14,000 7,000 500
MIL-H-8788- 8-L 1/2 7/16 86 3,000 14.000 7,000 5 75
MIL-H-8788-10-L 5/8 9/16 1.03 3,000 12.000 6.000 650
MIL-H-8788-12-L 3/4 11/16 122 3,000 12.000 6.000 7 75
MIL-H-8788-16-L 1 7/8 150 3,000 10,000 5,000 9 63
Hose Construction: Seamlesssynthetic rubber Uses: High pressure hydraulic.
inner tube reinforcedwith one fabric braid, two pneumatic,coolant,fuel and oil
or more steel wire braids, and coveredwith a
synthetic rubber cover (for gas applicationsre- OperatingTemperatures:
quest perforatedcover) Minus 65°F to plus 200°F
Identification: Hose is identified by specifica-

tion number,size number,quarter year andyear.
hose manufacturer'sidentification
Added: 10/15/82 INSPECTION

1E12
SECTION IV
STRUCTURES
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
4-1. Introduction ....................................................................................... E17

4-2. Description ................................................................................ 17
4-2A Fuselage ............................................................................................. E20
4-2B. Bulkhead Inspection ....................................................................... E20
4-3. W ing Group....................................................................................... E20
4-4. Wing Tip .................................................................................... E20
4-5. Removal of Wing Tip (Without Tip Tanks) .................... .................. I E20
4-6. Repair of W ing Tip ......................................................................... E20
4-7. Installation of Wing Tip (Without Tip Tanks) ........... ............................. E20
4-8. Removal and Installation of Wing Tip Tanks .................... .................. ...... E20
4-9. Aileron ............................................................................................ E20
4-10. Removal of Aileron ............ ........................................ IE20
4-11. Installation of Aileron ...................................................................... E20
4-12. Aileron Trim Tab................................................................................... IE21
4-13. Removal of Aileron Trim Tab ......... ................................................. E21
4-14. Installation of Aileron Trim Tab .......................................................... IE21
4-15. Flap .................................................................................................. E21
4-16. Removal of Flap ......... ............................................................. E21
4-17. Installation of Flap ............................................... ..................... E22
4-18. Wing ................................................................................................. E22
4-19. Removal of Wing ......... ............................................................ E22
4-20. Installation of Wing ....................................................................... E24
4-21. Empennage Group ................................................................................. IFI
4-22. Elevator ...................................................................................... IF
4-23. Removal of Elevator ....................................................................... FI
4-23a. Elevator Butt Rib Inspection .............................................................. 1F10
4-24. Installation of Elevator ......... ...................................................... F10
4-25. Elevator Trim Tab .................................................................................. FI
4-26. Removal of Elevator Trim Tab ......... ...................................... ..... I F1I
4-27. Installation of Elevator Trim Tab ............................ ....................... IF I
4-28. Horizontal Stabilizer ............................................................................... F
4-29. Removal of Horizontal Stabilizer ......................................................... 11
4-30. Installation of Horizontal Stabilizer ...................................................... IF I
4-31. Rudder .............................................................................................. F12
4-32. Removal of Rudder ........................................................................ F12
4-33. Installation of Rudder ...................................................................... F12
4-34. Rudder Trim Tab ................................................................................... F12
4-35. Removal of Rudder Trim Tab ............................................................. F12
4-36. Installation of Rudder Trim Tab........................................... F12
Interim Revision:10/15/97 1El3

Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
4-37. Vertical Stabilizer (Fin) ............................................... ........................ F12

4-38. Removal of Vertical Stabilizer (Fin) ......... ............................................. F12
4-39. Installation of Vertical Stabilizer (Fin) ................... ................................ F13
4-40. Windshield ...................................... ............................... F13
4-41. Removal of Windshield .................................................................... IF13
4-42. Installation of Windshield ......... .................................................... F13
4-42a. Windshield Inspection ......... ......... ............................................... 14
4-43. Heated Windshield Check ......... ........... ..................................... F14
4-44. Windshield Wiper Mechanism ................................................................... F14
4-45. Removal of Wiper Mechanism ........................................................ ... F14
4-46. Installation of Wiper Mechanism ......... ................................................ F15
4-47. Wiper Blade and Arm Removal .......... .. ......... ........... .........................
F15
4-48. Wiper Blade and Arm Installation ........................................................ F22
4-49. W iper Blade and Arm Adjustment ........................................................ 1F22
4-50. Side Windows. .................................................................................... F22
4-51. Removal of Side Windows ............................................................... F22
4-52. Installation of Side Windows ............................................................ F22
4-52a. Window Repairs / Rework Procedure .................................................... 1F22
4-53. Emergency Exit Window ......... ................... ......... ....................
IG2
4-53a. Inspection and Servicing of Emergency Exit Window ......... ........................ G2
4-54. Removal of Eyebrow Window (PA-31T-7400002 to 31T-7620057) ................... 1G2
4-55. Installation of Eyebrow Window (PA-31T-7400002to 31T-7620057) ................ 1G2
4-55a. Storm Window ..................................................................................... G2
4-55b. Removal of Storm Window Assembly ................................................... 1 G2
4-55c. Installation of Storm Window Assembly. ............................ ................. G4
4-56. Nose Cone .......................................................................................... G4
4-57. Removal of Nose Cone.....................................................................G4
4-58. Installation of Nose Cone ................................................................. G4
4-59. Cabin Entrance Door ......... ................... ................................. G4
4-60. Removal of Cabin Entrance Door ......... ................... ......... ...................
G4
4-61. Inspection of Cabin Entrance Door ............................ ........ ...................
1G4
4-62. Installation of Cabin Entrance Door .................. ....................................
G5
4-63. Cabin Entrance Door Latch Mechanism ................................................. IG5
4-64. Removal of Latching Mechanism ......... .. ......... ....................................
1G5
4-65. Installation of Latching Mechanism ........... ......... .................................. I G5
4-66. Adjustment of Latching Mechanism ...................................................... 1G6
4-67. Cabin Door Auxiliary Lock ....................................................................... G6
4-68. Removal of Auxiliary Lock ......... ................................................ 1.G6
4-69. Installation of Auxiliary Lock ........................................................ .... 1G6
1E14 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

Paragraph Grid No.
4-70. Removal of Handle (Inside) ........................................................................................1G9

4-71. Cabin Entrance Door Seal Assembly..........................................................................1G9
4-72. Removal of Cabin Door Seal ......................................................................................1G9
4-73. Installation of Cabin Door Seal...................................................................................1G9
4-74. Cabin Entrance Door Step Assembly ....................................................................................1G10
4-75. Removal of Steps ........................................................................................................1G10
4-76. Installation of Steps.....................................................................................................1G10
4-77. Cargo Door.............................................................................................................................1G10
4-78. Removal of Cargo Door ..............................................................................................1G10
4-79. Installation of Cargo Door ..........................................................................................1G10
4-80. Cargo Door Latch Assembly.......................................................................................1G11
4-81. Removal of Cargo Door Latch Assembly ...................................................................1G11
4-82. Installation of Cargo Door Latch Assembly ...............................................................1G11
4-82a. Seal Assembly - Cargo Door ......................................................................................1G11
4-82b. Removal of Cargo Door Seal ......................................................................................1G11
4-82c. Installation of Cargo Door Seal ..................................................................................1G11
4-83. Forward Baggage Door..........................................................................................................1G11
4-84. Removal of Forward Baggage Door ...........................................................................1G11
4-85. Installation of Forward Baggage Door........................................................................1G11
4-86. Removal of Forward Baggage Door Latch Assembly ................................................1G13
4-87. Installation of Forward Baggage Door Latch Assembly.............................................1G13
4-88. Adjustment of Forward Baggage Door Latch.............................................................1G14
4-89. Control Surface Balancing.....................................................................................................1G14
4-90. Checking Control Surface Balance .............................................................................1G14
4-91. Balancing Equipment..................................................................................................1G14
4-92. Balancing Definitions. ................................................................................................1G14
4-93. Aileron Balancing Procedure ......................................................................................1G21
4-94. Elevator Balancing Procedure.....................................................................................1G21
4-95. Rudder Balancing Procedure ......................................................................................1G22
4-96. Elevator Control System Friction Measurement.........................................................1G23
4-97. Checking Elevator Trim Tab Free Play .......................................................................1G23
4-97a Checking Aileron Trim Tab Free Play ........................................................................1G24
4-97b. Checking Rudder Trim Tab Free Play.........................................................................1G24
4-98. Structural Repairs...................................................................................................................1H2
4-99. Fuselage Sealing .........................................................................................................1H2
4-100. List of Equipment .......................................................................................................1H7
4-101. List of Materials ..........................................................................................................1H7
4-102. Surface Preparation .....................................................................................................1H10
4-103. Material Preparation....................................................................................................1H10
4-104. Application of Sealants ...............................................................................................1H11

Paragraph Grid No.
4-105. Sealing Faying Surfaces..............................................................................................1H11

4-106. Sealing Joggles............................................................................................................1H11
4-107. Sealing Holes and Voids .............................................................................................1H11
4-108. Holes and Voids in Cold Air Duct Work.....................................................................1H11
4-109. Sealing Seams and Joints ............................................................................................1H11
4-110. Sealing Fasteners.........................................................................................................1H14
4-111. Sealing - AN - Standard Bulkhead Fittings ................................................................1H14
4-112. Sealing Electrical Harness ..........................................................................................1H14
4-113. Application of Release Agent .....................................................................................1H17
4-114. Sealing Formed-in-Place Gaskets ...............................................................................1H17
4-115. Removal of Sealant .....................................................................................................1H17
4-116. Equipment Clean Up...................................................................................................1H17
4-117. Fiberglass Repairs ..................................................................................................................1H17
4-118. Fiberglass Touch Up and Surface Repairs ..................................................................1H19
4-119. Fiberglass Fracture and Patch Repairs ........................................................................1H20
4-120. Repainting with Polytane Enamel (Polyurethane).................................................................1H21
4-121. Scratch Touch Up on Aluminum Surface ...................................................................1H21
4-122. Coating Procedure for New Aluminum Panels - Non Alodined.................................1H21
4-123. Coating Procedure for Alodined Aluminum...............................................................1H21
4-124. Mixing Instructions for Primers and Topcoats............................................................1H21
4-125. Mixing Instructions for Polytane Enamel ...................................................................1H22
4-126. Cabin Door Snubber ..............................................................................................................1H23
4-127. Description and Principles of Operation of Door Snubber .........................................1H23
4-128. Filling Snubber Assembly...........................................................................................1H23
4-129. Removal of Door Snubber ..........................................................................................1H24
4-130. Installation of Door Snubber. ......................................................................................1H24
4-131. Corrosion Control ..................................................................................................................1H24
4-132. General ........................................................................................................................1H24
4-133. Forms of Corrosion .....................................................................................................1H24
4-134. Conditions Affecting Corrosion..................................................................................1I1
4-135. Inspection ....................................................................................................................1I1
4-136. Corrosion Removal and Control .................................................................................1I2
4-137 Radome Boot .........................................................................................................................1I3
4-138. List of Materials ..........................................................................................................1I3
4-139. Removal of Radome Boot...........................................................................................1I3
4-140. Preparation and Installation of Radome Boot .............................................................1I3
4-141. Inspection of Radome Boot ........................................................................................1I4
4-142. Erosion Shoe ..........................................................................................................................1I4
4-143. List of Materials. .........................................................................................................1I4
4-144. General. .......................................................................................................................1I4
4-145. Removal of Erosion Shoe............................................................................................1I5
4-146. Preparation and Installation of Erosion Shoe..............................................................1I5

SECTION IV
STRUCTURES
4-1. INTRODUCTION. This section contains information explaining the removal and installation
procedures for the structural surfaces of the airplane. It also includes structural repairs and control surface
balancing along with fuselage sealing.
NOTE
When torquing structural assemblies, standard torque values are to

be used as found in Section II, or FAA Advisory Circular 43.13-1,
unless otherwise stated in this section.
4-2. DESCRIPTION. The fuselage is an all metal semi-monocoque structure which consists of bulkheads,
stringers, stiffeners and longitudinal beams, all of which the outer skin is riveted to. The fuselage is pressurized
on the PA-3 IT and PA-3 ITI between bulkhead 81.00 and 274.00 and between bulkhead 57.00 and 274.00, the
PA-31T2 fuselage is pressurized. Windows include a two piece windshield, windows along the right and left
sides of the fuselage with a storm window for the pilot. A 25.75 by 19.75inchemergency exit window is on the
right side of the fuselage and is removable when the release, which is located above the window is pulled. This
window is sealed when it is installed in the fuselage and must be carefully reinstalled whenever removed to
maintain the pressure seal. The cabin entrance door is located on the left side of the fuselage just aft of the wing.
It is a one piece door which swings to open and provides cabin entrance steps. A snubber may be installed to
prevent the door from dropping too fast when it is opened. The cargo door is located immediately aft of the
cabin entrance door. This door swings up but only after the cabin entrance door has been opened. This door
permits rapid loading and storage of cargo and also facilitates loading items normally too bulkly to pass
through the cabin entrance door. All wiring, plumbing, and control cables passing through the pressurized
portion of the fuselage are sealed to minimize air leakage.
WARNING
No holes should be added on any of the reinforcement channels and

the forward pressure bulkhead. Any repair, modification, or
removal of floorboard cover plates for inspection which creates a
break in the pressure seal is considered the responsibility of the
owner or facility performing the work.
Each wing panel is an all metal, full cantilever, semi-monocoque type construction with a removable
fiberglass tip on the PA-31TI. Installed in each wing are two bladder type fuel cells, along with a wet nacelle
tank and a tip tank. (Tip tank optional on PA-31TI.) The main landing gear is enclosed in wheel wells built
into the lower surface of each wing and is enclosed by doors when retracted. Attached to each wing is the power
plant, aileron and flap. The right aileron incorporates a trim tab which is adjustable through a control in the
cockpit. The full length I beam type spars extend into the fuselage and are joined with high strength butt
fittings in the center of the fuselage making, in effect, a continuous main spar. The main spar is also attached to
the side of the fuselage as are the front and rear spars.
The all metal empennage group is a full cantilever design consisting of a vertical stabilizer (fin), rudder,
right and left horizontal stabilzer and elevator, all with removable fiberglass tips. The rudder and both halves
of the elevator have a trim tab attached that are controllable from the cockpit. Both the vertical and horizontal
stabilizers incorporate two channel main spars that run the full length of the stabilizers and attach to the aft
bulkhead assembly of the fuselage.
All aluminum components of the pressure envelope and exterior surfaces are alodine treated and then
zinc chromate primed to resist corrosion.
Reissued: 2/6/81 STRUCTURES

1E17
1021
SKETCHA
Figure 4-1. Aileron and Flap Installation
Revised: 1/5/84 STRUCTURES

1E18
120 121
BOLT AN34 A
WASHER AN96O-10
REQ.
BOLT
A N4-11
WASHER 19 514
/\ I SBoltAN174-11 A REQ. LEFT

WASHER AN960-416 I REQ. RIGHT
NUT MS20365-42C
REQ. LEFT
REQ. RIGHT
BOLT AN4 11A

WASHER 1951344
NUT MS20315I426S
4IC
I REQ. LEFT
I REQ. RIGHT
THE ALLOWABLE CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE AN3-5A

BOLT
WASHER AN960-10
AILERON HINGE BRACKET AND THE AILERON 2 REQ.
HINGE BEARING PRIORTO TORQUING IS 015 INCH
SKETCH B USE AN960-416 (MAX ONE WASHER) OR AN960- SKETCHC
416L WASHER TO OBTAIN THIS ALLOWABLE -
CLEARANCE PRIOR TO TORQUING
TORQUE BOLT TO 38 INCH POUNDS.
THIS INCLUDES 18 INCH POUNDS
AVERAGE FRICTION DRAG TORQUE. BOLT AN3-6A
BUSHING 41413-51
Bolt - AN4-6A
Washer - AN960-416
2 REQ.
BOLT AN4
WASHER
COTTER PIN MS2465S-134
SKETCH E
SKETCH D
II
NUT MS20365-428C
REFERTO SKETCH B/SKETCH C FOR
NOTE ON ALLOWABLE CLEARANCE SKETCH F
SKETCH G
Figure 4-1. Aileron and Flap Installation (cont.)

1E19
4-3. WING GROUP.
4-4. WING TIP.
4-5. REMOVAL OF WING TIP (WITHOUT TIP TANKS).

a. Remove the screws attaching wing tip to wing.
b. Pull wing tip outward slightly and disconnect navigation light positive wire at the quick-disconnect
fitting. Remove screw securing ground wire to the wing structure. Disconnect wing tip strobe light plug if
installed.
c. Remove the wing tip.
4-6. REPAIR OF WING TIP. The wing tip may be repaired in accordance with fiberglass repair procedures
in the structural repairs portion of this section.
4-7. INSTALLATION OF WING TIP (WITHOUT TIP TANKS).

a. Attach ground wire terminal to wing structure and connect positive electrical leads together.
b. Position wing tip on wing and start all screws with washers.
c. With all screws in place, tighten.
4-8. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF WING TIP TANK. (Refer to Section IX.)
4-9. AILERON.
4-10. REMOVAL OF AILERON. (Refer to Figure 4-1.)

a. Remove rear fairing between the wing and wing tip tank.
b. Remove the wing tip aft attachment rib.
c. Disconnect the aileron control rod.
d. At the right aileron, disconnect trim tab control rod.
e. Remove the hinge bolts and remove the aileron.
4-11. INSTALLATION OF AILERON. (Refer to Figure 4-1.)

a. Place aileron in position. Install hinge bolts. (Refer to Figure 4-1, Sketch B and C, for allowable
clearance between aileron hinge bracket and aileron hinge bearing prior to torquing.) Torque bolts.
b. If the right aileron was removed, connect the trim tab control rod.
c. Connect the aileron control rod.
d. Attach the wing tip attachment rib.
e. Install rear fairing between the wing and wing tip tank.
f. Check aileron for proper operation. Rigging and adjustment procedure may be found in Section V.
4-12. AILERON TRIM TAB.
4-13. REMOVAL OF AILERON TRIM TAB. (Refer to Figure 4-1.)

a. Disconnect the control rod at the tab.
b. Remove the inboard hinge bolt.
c. Pull the tab back and inboard enough to remove the outboard hinge pin from its bushing. Remove
the tab.
4-14. INSTALLATION OF AILERON TRIM TAB. (Refer to Figure 4-1.)

a. Insert the tab control rod through the aileron and insert the outboard hinge pin into its bushing.
b. Position the inboard hinge brackets, install hinge bolt and torque to 38 inch-pounds, this includes 18
inch-pounds average friction drag torque.
c. Connect the tab control rod.

1E20
4-15. FLAP.
4-16. REMOVAL OF FLAP. (Refer to Figure 4-1.)

a. Lower flap to within a few degrees of full extension.
b. At the left flap, disconnect position sender rod by removing cotter pin from the foward end of the
rod.
c. Disconnect flap control tube at the flap. Do not rotate control tube unless it is intended to adjust the
flap.
d. Remove the upper roller assemblies from flap brackets.
e. Remove the lower roller assemblies and remove flap.
4-17. INSTALLATION OF FLAP. (Refer to Figure 4-1.)

a. Put the flap in position and install the lower roller assemblies on the flap brackets and torque bolts.
b. Install the upper roller assemblies and torque bolts.
c. Connect the control tube.
d. If the left flap was removed, connect the position sender rod.
e. Check flap for proper operation. Rigging and adjustment procedure may be found in Section V.
123 124
Figure 4-2. Methods of Blocking Control Cables
Reissued:2/6/81 STRUCTURES
1E21
4-18. WING.
4-19. REMOVAL OF WING. (Refer to Figure 4-4.)
NOTE
Fuselage station reference points are provided in order to facilitate

the location of various components in the PA-31T, PA-31T1 and
PA-31T2. Subtract 24 inches for all station points forward of
fuselage station 135 for the PA-31T2, to find the proper location of
various components in this aircraft.
a. Close the fuel shutoff valve and crossfeed valve; then drain the fuel from the wing to be removed.
(Refer to Draining The Fuel System, Section II.)
b. Remove the engine from the wing to be removed: (Refer to Removal of Engine, Section VIII or
Section VIIIA.)
c. Remove the fairing and access panel from around the leading edge of the wing, located between the
fuselage and engine nacelle.
d. At the fillet fairing on top of the wing, between the fuselage and wing, remove the rivets that attach
the fairing to the wing.
e. Remove the access plates from the fairing located between the underside of the wing butt rib and
fuselage, and the access plate to the spar splice located on the underside of the fuselage.
f. Within the fuselage, remove the fuel control panel and spar cover.
g. Remove the fore and aft floor panels adjacent to the main spar and, if removing the left wing,
remove the left forward floor panel between the fuselage side trim panel and control pedestal.
NOTE
To help facilitate reinstallation of control cables and fuel or

hydraulic lines, before removing mark cable and line ends in some
identifying manner and attach a line where applicable to cables
before drawing them through the fuselage or wing.
CAUTION
To prevent damage or contamination of fuel, hydraulic and

miscellaneous lines, place a protective cover over the line fittings and
ends.
h. If the left wing is being removed, the following items pertain to the removal of the left wing only:
1. Disconnect the primary control cables at the turnbuckles located at stations 100 and 110.50
between the left forward side trim panel and control pedestal. Drawing the cables back through the spar.
Remove the elevator cable guard pin at station 121.38 to allow the cable ends to pass through.
2. Remove the left aileron cable guard pin at station 164.51.
3. The balance cable to the left wing may be disconnected at the aileron bellcrank, drawn through
the wing and taped out of the way at the side of the fuselage. The cable guard pin at the left wing near the
bellcrank and wing butt rib will have to be removed to allow the cable end to pass through.
Reissued:2/6/81 1E22
1E22 STRUCTURES
i. If the right wing is being removed, the followingitems pertain to the removal of the right wing.
only:
1. Disconnect the aileron control cable at the aileron bellcrank and draw it out through the
wing. The cable guard in the wing near the bellcrank and wing butt will have to be removed to allow the
cable end to pass through.
2. Disconnect the aileron balance cable at station 171 and draw the cable from the fuselage.
Remove the cable pulley to allowremoval of the cable.
3. Remove the accesspanels at the aft section of the fuselage.Block the elevator and rudder
trim cables ahead of the main spar and in the aft section of the fuselage to prevent the cables from
unwrapping at the trim drums. (Refer to Figure 4-2.) Disconnect the elevator and rudder trim cables at
stations 308.75 and 287.50. Draw the cables forward through the main spar, to allow the cables to be
drawn through the fuselage. Remove the cable guard pins from stations 243.25 and 262, also remove the
rub blocks from stations 137, 162.60, 174 and 215.
4. Block the aileron trim cable at the side of the fuselageand within the wing to prevent the
trim drum from unwrapping. Disconnect the trim cable turnbucklesat wing station 90 and draw the cables
inboard through the wing. Remove the cable guard at the butt end of the wing and tape the cables out of
the way at the fuselage.
5. Disconnectthe hydraulic lines at stations 100 and 140.
6. Disconnectthe bleed air and freon lines.
j. At station 174 disconnect the flap actuating cable from the actuating motor and bulkhead and
draw the cable out through the fuselage.
k. Through the wing fairing access opening on the underside of the wing, disconnect the fuel line
routed through the main spar and pull it back through the spar. Disconnect the hydraulic and fuel lines at
the exposed fittings and control cablesfrom the fuel valves.
1. Through the accessopeningsat the wingleading edge and butt, disconnect the engineinstruments
vacuum fuel and hydraulic lines. Removesupport blocks and clamps.
m. Disconnectelectrical wire connectors.
n. Draw enginedontrol cablesback through the fire wall enginenacelleand wing.
o. Arrange a suitable fuselagecradle and supports for both wings.
p. Remove the fuel control panel cover, bracket, lever assembly,and unbolt and remove the angle
support that extends through the spar.
q. To the side of the fuselage,at the top of the main spar, remove the fore and aft lower support
fittings. The upper fitting may remainin place.
r. Also to the side of the fuselage, at the bottom of the main spar, remove the support bolt
assemblyand spacerbushing.
s. Unbolt and remove the verticalspar splice channels.
t. Unbolt and remove the upper and lower horizontal spar cap spliceplates.
u. Remove the bolt assemblythat attaches the front spar and fuselagefitting.
v. Remove the bolt assemblythat attaches the rear spar and fuselagefitting.
w. Pull the wingdirectly and slowlyaway from the fuselage,allowinglines, cables,etc., to follow.
Reissued: 2/6/81 1E23 STRUCTURES

Figure 4-3. Fuselage Cradle (Typical)
4-20. INSTALLATION OF WING. (Refer to Figure 4-4.)

NOTE
Fuselage station reference points are provided in order to

facilitate the location of various components in the PA-31T,
PA-31T1, and PA-31T2. Subtract 24 inches for all stations
points forward of fuselage station 135 for the PA-31T2, to find
the proper location of various components in this aircraft.
a. Ascertain that the fuselage is positioned solidly on a support cradle.
b. Place the wing in position for installation with the spar end a few inches from the side of the
fuselage and set on trestles. Turn out the three adjusting screws that draw the bottom fairing against
the wing butt.
c. Prepare the various lines, control cables, pressurization ducts, etc., for inserting into the
wing or fuselage when the wing is slid into place.
d. Slide the wing into the fuselage (it may be necessary to insert a metal strip between the fillet
fairing and wing butt so as to funnel the wing betweenthe upper and lower fairings).
e. Install the bolt that attaches the rear spar and fuselage fittings.
f. Install the bolt that attaches the front spar and fuselagefitting.
g. Install and bolt the fore and aft vertical spar splice channels.
h. Install and bolt the upper and lower horizontal spar cap splice plates.
i. To the side of the fuselage, at the top of the main spar, bolt the fore and aft lower support
fitting to the upper support fitting and spar.
j. At the lower side of the main spar, install support bolt assembly and bushing.
k. Install the angle support that extends through the fuselage and the brace assembly at the
forward side of the spar.
l. Tighten bolts of all attachment fittings, plates, etc. Refer to Figure 4-4.
m. Install the fuel control panel
n. Draw engine control cables into place.
o. At the wing leading edge and butt, connect the engine instruments, fuel and hydraulic lines.
Secure the lines and cables in position with support blocks and clamps.
p. Connect electrical wire connectors.
q. Through the wing fairing access openings at the underside of the fuselage, connect the fuel and
hydraulic lines and fuel valves' control cables.
r. Draw the flexible drive shaft from the flap transmission into the fuselage and rig in accordance
with Rigging and Adjustment of Flap Controls in Section V.
s. Connect the bleed air pressurization and deicer lines.
t. The following items pertain to the installation of the right wing only along with previous
instructions:
1. Connect the freon lines that run through the leading edge. Evacuate and charge the air
conditioning system. (Refer to Section XIII.)
2. Connect the hydraulic lines at stations 140 and 100.
3. Draw the aileron trim cables into the wing; connect turnbuckles and unblock cables. Install
cable guard pin at butt end of wing. Check rigging and adjustment, cable tension and safety turnbuckles.
(Refer to Rigging and Adjustment of Aileron Trim, Section V.)
4. Draw the elevator and rudder trim cables back through the fuselage; connect turnbuckles in
the aft section of the fuselage and unblock cables. Install cable guard pins at stations 243.25 and 262, also
close and secure rub blocks at stations 137, 162.60, 174 and 215. Check rigging and adjustment. (Refer to
Rigging and Adjustment of Elevator and Rudder Trim, Section V.)
5. Draw aileron balance cable into the fuselage and connect to the left balance cable at station
171. Install cable pulley and secure.
6. Draw the aileron control cable into the wing and connect at the aileron bellcrank. Install
cable guard pin at the pulley near the bellcrank and at the wing butt. Check rigging and adjustment, cable
tension and safety turnbuckles. (Refer to Rigging and Adjustment of Aileron, Section V.)
u. If the left wing is being installed, the following items pertain to the installation of the left wing
only along with the instructions given in Steps a thru s:
1. Draw the left balance cable into the wing and connect at the aileron bellcrank. Install the
cable guard pin at the cable pulley near the bellcrank and at the wing butt.
2. Draw the primary control cables through the main spar and connect turnbuckles at stations
100 and 110.50. Install the cable guard pins for the left aileron cable at station 164.51 and the elevator
cables at station 121.38. Check rigging and adjustment, cable tension and safety turnbuckles. (Refer to
Rigging and Adjustment of Aileron, Elevator and Rudder, Section V.)
v. Install engine (Refer to Installation of Engine, Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
w. Check hydraulic fluid level (refer to Section II or VI) and with the airplane setting on jacks,
operate the gear through several retraction and extension cycles to ascertain that there are no hydraulic
fluid leaks.
x. Check brake fluid level, bleed brakes (refer to Bleeding Brakes, Section VII) and ascertain that
there are no fluid leaks.
y. Check fuel system for leaks and flow.
z. At the top of the wing, rivet the fillet fairing to the wing and fuselage. Apply a bead of Minnesota
Mining and Manufacturing Sealant EC750, or equivalent, along the edge of the wing root fillet at the
fuselage and wing skins starting at the leading edge and extending aft over the top of the trailing edge.
aa. At the fairing between the underside of the fuselage and wing, turn the three adjusting screws
that draw the fairing against the underside of the wing butt and ascertain that there is a rub strip between
the wing and fairing.
ab. Install spar cover, floor panels and fuel control panel.

1F1
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
1179
292
BOLTAN3-7A
NUTMS20365-1032C
16 REQ.
BOLT AN -15A
WASHER AN960-716 (2 REQ.)
NUT MS20365-720C
18 REQ.
TORQUE BOLTS TO 450 -500 IN. LBS.
OR 37-41 FT. LBS.
SKETCH A
Figure 4-4. Wing Installation

1F2
1024
SKETCHB
Figure 4-4. Wing Installation (cont.)
1F3
BOLTAN4-6A
AN960-516
Figure 4-4. Wing Installation (cont.)

1F4
BULKHEAD
EXTRUSION REINFORCINGPLATE
SPACER
FWD
SPAR
WL
EXISTING
SHIM (IF PREVIOUSLY INSTALLED)
CHANNEL
MAX
EXTRUSION GAP
060
VIEW A-A
Figure 4-5. Empennage Installation

1F5
1349
BOLTAN5-12A
WASHER AN960-516
NUT52LH2935-054
BOLTAN6-12A BOLTAN5-13A RRING2935-0
WASHERAN960-516 WASHERAN960-51 T TORQUEBOLTSTO
NUT52LH2935-054 NUT52LH2935-064 00-140 IN.-LBS.
11
RING2935-06 RING2935-05 BOLTAN3-11A OR
TORQUEBOLTTO BOLTAN3-10A TORQUEBOLTSTO WASHERAN960-10L BOLTANS-12A
100-140IN.-LBS. NUT52LH2935-02 100-140 IN.-LBS. NUT52LH2935-02 WASHER AN960-516
OR RING2935-0 OR RING2935-0 NUTH19300-5
BOLTAN5- 12A TORQUE BOLTSTO BOLTAN5-13A TORQUEBOLTSTO WASHER K19301-5
WASHERAN960-516 20-25 IN.-LBS. WASHERAN960-51 20-25 IN.-LBS. T TORQUEBOLTSTO
NUTH19300-5 NUTH19300- 5 00-140 IN.-LBS.
WASHERK19301-5 WASHERK19301-5
TORQUEBOLTTO TORQUEBOLTSTO
100-140IN.-LBS. 100-140 IN.-LBS.
BOLTAN5-11A
WASHERAN960-516
NUT52LH2935-064
RING2935-06
TORQUEBOLTSTO
100-140 IN.-LBS.
OR
BOLTANS-11A
WASHERAN960-516
NUTH19300-5
WASHERK19301-5
TORQUEBOLTSTO
100-140 IN.-LBS.
BOLTAN5-11A TORQUEBOLTSTO BOLTAN-12A BOLTAN3-10A

WASHERAN960-51 20-25 IN.-LBS. NUT52LH2935-064 WASHERAN960-10L
NUT52LH2935-054 BOLTAN3-7A RING2935-06 NUT52LH2935-02
RING2935-06 NUT52LH2935-02 TORQUEBOLTSTO RING2935-0
TORQUEBOLTSTO RING2935-0 100-140 IN.-LBS. TORQUEBOLTSTO
100-140IN.-LBS. OR 20-25 IN.-LBS.
OR BOLTAN5-12A
BOLTAN5- 11A NUTH19300-5
WASHERAN960-516 WASHERK19301-5
NUTH19300-5 TORQUEBOLTSTO
WASHERK19301-5 100-140 IN.-LBS.
TORQUEBOLTSTO
100-140 IN.-LBS
NOTE
RM52LH2935-054NUTTO BEUSEDWITH2935-06RING
ONLY. H19300-5 NUT TO BE USED WITH K19301-5
WASHERONLY. SKETCHA
Figure 4-5. Empennage Installation (cont.)

1F6
BOLTAN5-13A * USE BOLT AN3-6A, IF KIT P/N 766-219 HAS BEEN INSTALLED.
WASHERAN960-516
NUT 52LH2935-054
RING2935-05 BOLTAN174-22A
2 REQ.UPPER WASHERAN960-416(2 REQ.)
BOLTAN5-12A NUTMS20365-428C
NUT 52LH2935-064 4 REQ (TORQUENUTSTO
RING 2935-06 35 + 5 IN.-LBS.)
2 REQ.LOWER
BOLTAN3-20A
WASHERAN960-10
NUTMS20365-1032C
2 REQ
BOLTAN174-14A
WASHERAN960-416 (2 REQ.)
NUT MS20365-428C
BOLTAN174-22A
WASHERAN960-416(2 REQ.)
NUTMS20365-428C
2 REQ (TORQUENUTSTO
35 t 5 IN.-LBS.)
SKETCH B
BOLTAN174-12
NUTAN310-4
WASHERAN960-416
SCREWNAS221-11 BOLTAN3-4A COTTERPINMS24666-132
NUT MS20365-103 2 REQ. 2 REQ.INBD.
2 REQ TORQUEBOLTSTO BOLTAN174-13
20-25 IN.LBS. WASHERAN960-416
NUTAN310-4
COTTERPINMS24665-132
2 REQ.OUTBD
UPPER BOLTAN3-5A BOLTAN174-12

WASHERAN960-10L WASHERAN960-416
LOWERBOLTAN3-4A NUTAN310-4 SCREWNAS221-14INBD.
2 REQ COTTERPINMS24665-132 SCREWNAS221-11OUTBD.
2 REQ. WASHERAN960-10L(UNDERNUT)
NUT MS20365-1032C
4 REQ (T.M.M.P.)
SKETCH C SKETCH D
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1F7 STRUCTURES

BOLT AN5-12A BOLT AN5-12A

WASHER AN960-516 WASHER AN960-516L
WASHER AN960-516L NUT 52LH2935-054
NUT 52LH2935-054 RING 2935-05
RING 2935-05 2 REQ
2 REQ OR
OR BOLTAN5-12A
BOLT AN5-12A NUT H19300-5
WASHER AN960-516 WASHER K19305-5
NUT H19300-5 WASHER AN960-516L
WASHER K19305-5
WASHER AN960-516L
SKETCHF
BOLT AN5-11A
BOLT AN5- 10A WASHER AN960-516
NUT 52LH2935-054 NUT 52LH2935-054
RING 2935-05 RING 2935-05
2 REQ. 2 REQ.
OR OR
BOLT AN5- 1OA BOLT AN3-1OA BOLT AN3-16
BOLT AN5-11A WASHER AN960-10 WASHER AN960-10
NUT H19300-5 WASHER AN960-516
WASHERK19305-5 NUT MS20365-1032C 2 REQ.
NUT H 9300-5 4 REQ. NUT MS17825-3
WASHER K19305-5 TORQUE BOLTS TO COTTER PIN MS24665-132
NOTES 35-40 IN.-LBS. BUSHING548142
1. TORQUE BOLTS TO 100-140 INCH-POUNDS. 2 REQ.
2. RM52LH2935-054 NUT TO BE USED WITH 2935-05
RING ONLY. H19300-5 NUT TO BE USED WITH
K19301-5 WASHER ONLY. SKETCHG
SKETCHE
BOLTAN5-7A
WASHERAN960-10 WASHER AN960-516
WASHERAN960-10L NUT MS20365-524C
AS REQ. 6 REQ.
TORQUE BOLT TO
100-140 IN.-LBS.
BOLT AN3-6A OUTBD. AND CENT.

BOLT AN3-10A INBD.
WASHERAN960-10
NUT MS20366-1032C
SKETCHH SKETCHI

1F8
BOLTAN174-12
WASHERAN960-416
BUSHING41413-51
BOLTAN3-6A
WASHER81342-9
SKETCH L
TORQUE BOLT TO 38 INCH-

POUNDS.THIS INCLUDES18
INCH-POUNDS AVERAGE
FRICTIONDRAGTORQUE.
SKETCH N SKETCHM
Revised:2/15/82 STRUCTURES
1F9
4-21. EMPENNAGE GROUP

4-22. ELEVATOR
NOTE
Any time service is accomplished on the elevator control system a
friction check must be made to insure friction is within limits (Refer to
Paragraph 4-95)
CA UTION
Exercise care that the elevator control tube does not incur nicks dents
or deep scratches during installation, removal or rigging operations.
Visually reinspect the elevator control tube each time it is removed or
reinstalled. (See latest revision Piper Service Bulletin No. 715.)
4-23. REMOVAL OF ELEVATOR. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)
a. Remove the screws that attach the fuselage tail cone. pull the cone back far enough to disconnect the
navigation light wires and then remove the tail cone.
b. At the right and left elevator disconnect the trim tab control rods.
c. Block and disconnect trim cables.
d Remove the bolts that attach the elevator, torque tube bracket to the elevator.
e. Remove hinge bolts and remove elevator.
f. To remove the elevator torque tube assembly after the elevators have been removed, disconnect the
elevator push-pull rod at the control arm.
g. Remove the hinge bolt and separate the torque tube assembly from its mating hinge bracket.
4-23a. ELEVATOR BUTT RIB INSPECTION. (See latest revision of Piper Service Bulletin No. 897.)
a. Verify Elevator Butt Rib Refinement Kit, Piper Part Number 766-219, has been installed in accordance
with Piper Service Bulletin No. 897B.
b. Each 100 hours, inspect the false spar channels, elevator butt ribs, and the elevator spar at the butt rib
attachment with a 10X magnifier for cracks in the bolt and rivet holes or flanges. Elevator removal is
not required.
c. Each time the elevator is removed, inspect the false spar channels, elevator butt ribs, and the elevator
spar at the butt rib attachment with a 10X magnifier for cracks in the bolt and rivet holes or flanges.
4-24. INSTALLATION OF ELEVATOR(Refer to Figure 4-5.)
a. Place the elevator torque tube assembly in position with its mating hinge bracket.
b. Install hinge bolt assembly torque and safety.
c. The elevator push-pull rod may be installed and connected to the arm of the torque tube assembly.
d. Place the elevator in position; install hinge bolt assemblies and torque.
e. Install proper length bolts attaching the torque tube bracket and elevator. Ascertain that the elevator
halves align and tighten bolts.
f. Connect the elevator trim tab cables and control rods to the right and left elevators and secure in
position. Torque bolts.
g. Check elevator for proper operation and friction limits.
h. Connect the navigation lights, wires, and place the tail cone assembly in position. Start all screws with
washers and then tighten.
4-25. ELEVATORTRIM TAB
CAUTION
Exercise care that the elevator control tube does not incur nicks, dents
or deep scratches during installation, removal or rigging operations.
Visually reinspect the elevator control tube each time it is removed or
reinstalled. (See latest revision Piper Service Bulletin No. 715.)
4-26. REMOVAL OF ELEVATOR TRIM TAB. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)

a. Disconnect the control rods at the tabs.
b. Remove the hinge bolts securing the tabs.
4-27. INSTALLATION OF ELEVATOR TRIM TAB. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)

a. Place the trim tabs in position and install bolts.
b. Position the tab control rods; install the attaching bolts and torque.
4-28. HORIZONTAL STABILIZER.
4-29. REMOVAL OF HORIZONTAL STABILIZER. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)

a. Remove the left and/or right elevator in accordance with instructions given in this section.
b. Remove the access plates located on each side of the fuselage under the horizontal stabilizers and
the panel located on top of the fuselage aft of the vertical fin.
c. To remove the right stabilizer, locate the elevator trim cable turnbuckles in the aft section of the
fuselage: mark the ends of one turnbuckle to facilitate reinstallation, and block the cables at one of the
fuselage bulkheads and in the stabilizer to prevent the trim cables from unwinding. (Refer to Figure 4-2.)
d. Disconnect the trim cables at the turnbuckles.
e. Through the access hole, remove the two elevator trim cable pulleys, spacer and bolt. Draw the
cables through the fuselage to this point.
f. Disconnect the elevator trim tab control tubes and deicer lines, if installed.
g. Remove the mounting bolts that attach the front spar to the fuselage bulkhead.
h. Remove the mounting bolts that attach the elevator torque tube hinge bracket and rear spar.
i. Pull the stabilizer directly away from the fuselage.
j. Remove and retain all shims (if any), which were installed between the horizontal stabilizer front
spar and the tapered spacers on the bulkhead at fuselage station 332.
4-30. INSTALLATION OF HORIZONTAL STABILIZER. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)

a. Trial fit to ascertain gap between stabilizer and fuselage skin surface is 0.19 inch. Trim to obtain
this gap.
b. Ascertain that the sealer extrusion is attached to the inboard side of the elevator.
c. Put the stabilizer in position and align the front and rear spar mounting holes. If installing a right
elevator, guide the elevator trim cables into the fuselage.
NOTE
Insure that all existing shims (if any) or new shims (if required),
have been reinstalled between the horizontal stabilizer forward spar
and the tapered spacers on the bulkhead at fuselage station 332.
d. Position the elevator torque tube hinge bracket and install the rear spar mounting bolts.
e. Install the front spar mounting bolts.
f. Tighten all mounting bolts.
g. If the right stabilizer was removed, enter through the top access hole and route the trim tab control
cables forward and install cable pulleys.
h. Connect the trim cable ends and set cable tension. (Refer to Section V.)
i. Install the elevator(s) in accordance with instructions given in this section.
j. Check elevator trim and elevator operation. (See Section V for the rigging and adjustment of
elevator and elevator trim controls.)
k. Install all access plates and panels.

1F11
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
4-31. RUDDER.
4-32. REMOVALOF RUDDER. (Refer to Figure4-5.)
a. Relieve cable tension from the control system by removing the floor panel to the left of the
control pedestal and loosen one of the rudder cable turnbuckles.
b. Removethe accesspanel locatedon top of the fuselage,aft of the vertical fin.
c. With the control cabletension relieved,disconnect the control cable from the rudder sector.
d. Disconnectthe rudder trim control rod at fin and tape to rudder with tab in neutral position.
e. Swingthe rudder and removethe hingebolts.
f. Pull the rudder back and up removingthe unit.
4-33. INSTALLATIONOF RUDDER. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)
a. Put the rudder in position;install and torque the hingebolts.
b. Position the rudder trim control rod; installbolt and torque.
c. Connect the rudder control cablesto the rudder sector.
d. Adjust the control cable turnbuckle previouslyloosened to obtain proper cable tensionas given
in Section V, with the rudder and control wheelscentered.
e. Checkrudder for proper operation.
f. Install fuselageand cabin accesspanels.
4-34. RUDDER TRIM TAB.

4-35. REMOVAL OF RUDDER TRIM TAB. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)
a. Disconnect the control rod at the tab.
b. Remove the hinge bolts securing the tab.
4-36. INSTALLATION OF RUDDER TRIM TAB. (Refer to Figure 4-5.)
a. Place the trim tab in position, install bolts and bushingsand torque to 38 inchpounds,this includes
18 inch pounds average friction drag torque.
b. Connect trim tab control rod.
4-37. VERTICAL STABILIZER (FIN).
4-38. REMOVAL OF VERTICAL STABILIZER (FIN). (Refer to Figure 4-5.)
a. Remove the fairing around the front of the fin which is a portion of the dorsal fin.
b. Disconnect the radio antenna cable and deicer line, if installed.
c. Disconnect the antenna wire from the top of the stabilizer if high frequency radio is installed.
d. Remove the accessplates located on each side of the fuselage,under the horizontal stabilizer and
the panel located on top of the fuselage,aft of the vertical fin. The tail cone may be removed, if desired.
e. Remove the rudder in accordance with instructions given in this section.
f. Locate the rudder trim cable turnbuckles in the aft section of the fuselage;mark the ends of one
turnbuckle to facilitate reinstallation and block the cables in the aft section of the fuselage and in the
rudder to prevent the cable from unwinding. (Refer to Figure 4-2.)
g. Disconnect the trim cables.
h. Through the right fuselage access holes, remove the two sets of trim cable pulleys,spacers and
bolts.
i. Remove the mounting bolts that attach the front spar to the fuselage bulkhead.
j. Remove the mounting bolts that attach the rear spar to the fuselage bulkhead.
k. Pull the stabilizer directly up from the fuselage.

1F12
4-39. INSTALLATION OF VERTICAL STABILIZER (FIN). (Refer to Figure 4-5.)

a. Trial fit to ascertain gap between stabilizer and fuselage skin is 0.19 inch. Trim to obtain this gap.
b. Ascertain that the sealer extrusion is attached to the lower side of the vertical stabilizer.
c. Put the stabilizer in position and align the front and rear spar mounting holes.
d. Position the lower rudder hinge bracket and install the rear spar mounting bolts.
e. Install the front spar mounting bolts.
f. Torque all mounting bolts.
g. Route the rudder trim cable forward and install the two sets of cable pulleys.
h. Connect the trim cable ends; remove cable blocks and set cable tension. (Refer to Section V.)
i. Install the rudder in accordance with instructions given in this section.
j. Check rudder trim and rudder operation. (See Section V for the Rigging and Adjustment of
Rudder and Rudder Trim Controls.)
k. Install all access plates and panels.
4-40. WINDSHIELD.
4-41. REMOVAL OF WINDSHIELD. (Refer to Figures 4-6 and 4-7.)

a. Remove the windshield wiper blade and arm from the airplane by removing the safety wire from
the bolt holding the arm to the wiper motor and the cotter pin from the pivot bolt. (Refer to Paragraph
4-47.)
b. Remove the magnetic compass from the inside center post of the windshield.
c. Remove the cover panel on top of the instrument panel.
d. Remove the inside windshield molding and disconnect electrical leads on heated windshield.
e. Remove the existing sealant from around the locknuts on the windshield.
f. Remove the machine screws from around the collar moldings. This will require the assistance of
another person.
NOTE
The machine screws which hold the windshield in position are

installed in a particular order of sizes, and when removed, a note
of their location should be made to insure the proper installation
of the various sizes.
g. Remove the collar molding and the windshield.

h. With the windshield removed, the eyebrow bulkhead should be cleaned to remove all traces of
old sealant before reinstalling the windshield.
4-42. INSTALLATION OF WINDSHIELD. (Refer to Figures 4-6 and 4-7.)

a. Perform the surface preparation in accordance with instructions given in Paragraph 4-102.
NOTE
Mask the windshield optical surface and fuselage skins around the
windshield collar area to minimize cleanup.
b. Apply one inch wide, 1/16 inch thick vinyl foam tape (Norton Co., Tape No. V542, Piper No.
924 441) to the outer surface of the windshield, even with the edge and covering the holes.
c. Position the windshield into the eyebrow bulkhead from the outside.
d. Apply a bead of sealant to the frame on each side of the outer collar attachment holes.
e. Seal between the left and right windshields.
f. Position the collar over the windshield and install the machine screws, being certain to install the
screws in the same location that they were removed from. Refer to Figures 4-6 and 4-7 for proper screw type
and location.

1F13
g. Install the washers and locknuts on the machine screws and torque to 15-20 inch pounds.
h. Apply a bead of sealant around the inner collar chamfer and windshield. Remove excess sealant with
appropriate sealant removal tool noted in Figure 4-28.
i. Connect the electrical leads from the heated windshield.
j. Install the inside windshield molding and the top cover over the instrument panel.
k. Install the magnetic compass to the windshield center post.
1. Install the windshield wiper arm assembly and secure with the bolt previously removed and safety
the bolt. Also install the cotter pin in the pivot bolt.
NOTE
The cabin should not be pressurizedfor at least 48 hours, to insure
adequate timefor the sealant to cure around the windshield
4-42a. WINDSHIELD INSPECTION. See Appendix, Window Inspection and Repair - Standard Practices;
Aerofiche Card 6 - Grid 6H 1.
4-43.HEATED WINDSHIELD CHECK. The following steps will help in determining if the windshield
heating element and timer are functioning properly.
CAUTION
To prevent overheat, and possible damage to windshield, DO NOT
leave windshield heat ON longer than necessary to perform the
following checks:
a. Connect a 24-volt test light to the positive and negative terminals of the windshield.
b. Set the switch marked WINDSHIELD HEAT to the ON position. The test light should light
indicating current is being delivered to the windshield.
c. Place your hand against the windshield to determine that the windshield heating element is operating.
d. The test light should go out before the windshield becomes too hot to hold your hand against it. This
indicates that the temperature sensing element is operating properly and has passed through its
thermostatic ON-OFF cycle.
e. When check is completed, set the WINDSHIELD HEAT to the OFF position and remove the test
light.
4-44. WINDSHIELD WIPER MECHANISM.
4-45.REMOVAL OF WIPER MECHANISM. (Refer to Figures 4-8 and 4-8a.)
a. Remove the access panel on the left side of the nose section. If the copilots wiper is installed, remove
the access panel on the right side of the nose section also.
b. Cut the lockwire (5) at the bolt which secures the arm (3) to the serrated converter shaft and remove
the bolt.
c. Loosen the adjustment nut (4) and lift the wiper arm (3) off the converter shaft. Refer to Paragraphs
4-48 and 4-49 for wiper blade replacement and adjustment.
d. Remove two screws from seal cover around converter shaft and remove cover and old sealant from
shaft.
STRUCTURES Interim Revision: 10/15/97

CAUTION
When separating the motor from the converter, do not lose the
coupling (11) between the motor shaft (9) and converter drive
shaft (12).
4-46. INSTALLATION OF WIPER MECHANISM. (Refer to Figures 4-8 and 4-8a.)

a. The wiper motor and the converter must be timed before connecting the two units together and
installing them in the airplane. The timing can be accomplished as follows:
1. Rotate the drive shaft (12) in the converter (7) until the end of travel, corresponding to the
park position, is obtained at the serrated converter shaft.
2. Temporarily connect the electrical connector to the wiper motor (8) and operate the motor,
ending with the switch in the PARK position. Disconnect the electrical connector.
b. Assemble the wiper motor and converter by screwing the two units together.
NOTE
Ascertain that the coupling (II) is installed when connecting the

motor and converter.
c. Assemble the units slowly until the coupler engages the converter drive shaft (12). The alignment
should be automatic, but if severe binding occurs, back off and reassemble.
d. Screw units together until the nipple (10) bottoms in the converter or flexible drive assembly (16)
engages the converter shaft and then back off for alignment of mounting brackets (13) and (14).
e. Install the assembled units into the airplane and secure with four screws. Do not install the seal
cover at this time.
f. Apply a bead of sealer around the converter shaft where it extends through the fuselage. Position
and secure the seal cover in place with two remaining screws.
NOTE
If a windshield wiper is installed on the copilot's side, the con-

verter must be timed as stated in Step "a" with the blade parked
at the center post, and the flexible drive shaft and coupling installed
and safetied between both converters. Also, seal the converter shaft.
g. Connect the electrical connector to the wiper motor and replace the access panels removed.
h. Refer to Paragraphs 4-48 and 4-49 for wiper blade and arm installation and adjustment.
4-47. WIPER BLADE AND ARM REMOVAL.

a. Cut the lockwire at the bolt which secures the arm to the serrated converter shaft and remove the
bolt.
b. Loosen the adjustment nut to relieve the arm tension and remove the wiper arm from the converter
shaft.
c. Cut the lockwire (15) and pull the lock on the wiper blade out to remove the blade from the arm
.assembly.

1F15
45339
.25
.12

49622
GND
WINDSHIELD
VIEW B-B. HEATED CO-PILOT'S WINDSHIELD

VIEW C-C. HEATED CO-PILOT'S WINI
WIRE TERMINAL WIRE TERMINAL
51169
TERMINAL
SEE NOTE
VIEW B-B. HEATED PILOT'S WINDSHIELD VIEW C-C. HEATED PILOT'S WINDSHIELD
Figure 4-6a. Heated Windshield (Earlier Models)

12. WINDSHIELDCOLLAR
13. WINDSHIELDCHANNEL
14. WINDSHIELD SECTION
15. VINYLFOAM TAPE

1 48966-11 (14 REQ.)LEFT

(14 REQ.)RIGHT 9
2. 48966-7 ( 9 REQ.) LEFT
( 9 REQ.) RIGHT
3. 48966-10 (11 REQ.) LEFT
(11 REQ.)RIGHT
4 48966-12 ( 1 REQ.)LEFT
( REQ.)RIGHT
5 48966-11 (13 REQ)LEFT
(13 REQ.) RIGHT
6.48966-13 (10 REQ.)LEFT
(10 REQ.) RIGHT
7. 48966-8 ( 1REQ.) LEFT
1 REQ.) RIGHT
8 48966-8 ( 1REQ.) LEFT
1REQ.) RIGHT
948966-7 (16 REQ.I LEFT
(16 REQ.) RIGHT
10.48966-10 (17 REQ.)LEFT
(17 REQ.)RIGHT
11. 48966-8 ( 1REQ.)LEFT SECTION
(1 REQ.)RIGHT
12 48966-8 ( 1REQ.)LEFT
(1 REQ.)RIGHT
13. 48966-8 ( 1 REQ.)LEFT
( 1 REQ.)RIGHT
14. WINDSHIELD
15. VINYLFOAM TAPE
16. COLLAR
17 WINDSHIELDCHANNEL
18. WINDOW
19. SKIN
20. CANTEDBULKHEAD SECTIONB-B
Figure 4-7. Windshield Installation (Later Models) (cont.)

49774
PAD
WIRE- WH2G WINDSHIELD

LOWER
SUPPORTCHANNEL
WIRE - WH2J
VIEW C-C. HEATED CO-PILOT'S WINDSHIELD VIEW B-B. HEATED CO-PILOT'S WINDSHIELD
WINDSHIELD
HEATED PILOT'S WINDSHIELD VIEW C-C. HEATED PILOT'S WINDSHIELD

49773
Figure 4-7a. Heated Windshield (Later Models)
STRUCTURES 1F20 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

46285
1. BLADEANGLEADJUSTMENT
2. CAM LOCK
3. WPER ARM
4. TENSIONADJUSTMENTNUT
5. LOCKWIRE
6. ADJUSTMENTSLEEVE
7. CONVERTER
8. MOTOR
9. MOTORSHAFT
10. NIPPLE
11. COUPLING
12. CONVERTERSHAFT
13. BRACKET
14. BRACKET
15. LOCKWIRE
Figure 4-8. Windshield Wiper (PA-31T, PA-31T1)

4-48. WIPER BLADE AND ARM INSTALLATION.(Refer to Figures 4-8 and 4-8a.)
a. Install the wiper blade to the arm assembly and ascertain that the blade is locked and safety wired to
the arm.
b. Turn the wiper switch on momentarily to the PARK position; then position the arm assembly (3) and
adjustment sleeve (6) on the serrated converter shaft so the wiper blade is clearing the windshield
center post by approximately 2.00 to 2.25 inches during operation.
c. If the arm is not in the proper position, remove the arm and sleeve and rotate it in the direction
required to get the proper setting.
NOTE
The outside teeth on the adjustment sleeve will not locate the arm in
the desired position.
d. Install the bolt through the wiper arm into the converter shaft. Tighten and safety with MS20995-C41
lockwire (5).
4-49. WIPER BLADE AND ARM ADJUSTMENT. (Refer to Figures 4-8 and 4-8a.)
a. Adjust the wiper blade height on the windshield by unlocking the blade height adjustment cam (2).
b. Adjust the blade height on the windshield so the bottom of the blade clears the windshield collar by
2.50 inches. Lock the adjustment cam.
c. To adjust the wiper blade angle, loosen the nut (1) on the wiper blade attachment stud and rotate the
blade until it is parallel with the windshield center post; then tighten the nut on the stud.
d. Adjust the wiper arm tension to obtain 3-4 pounds tension at the blade pivot point by adjustment of the
nut (4) on the wiper arm adjustment stud.
NOTE
Ascertain that the base of the adjustment stud (4) is in the recess
provided in the wiper arm (3).
e. After wiper has been adjusted and adjustment latch locked, install lockwire.
4-50. SIDE WINDOWS.
4-51. REMOVAL OF SIDE WINDOWS.
a. Remove the trim molding from around the inside of the window.
b. Remove the sealant from around the locknuts securing the window to the fuselage.
c. Remove the locknuts and washers from the screws and remove the screws.
d. Remove the window by pushing it in toward the center of the fuselage.
e. Clean all traces of old sealant from around window frame.
4-52. INSTALLATION OF SIDE WINDOWS.
a. Apply a bead of sealant around the inside of the window frame.
b. Install the window from inside the cabin.
c. Install the machine screws and secure them with washers and locknuts. Torque to 15 to 20 inch-
pounds.
d. Install the trim molding around the inside of the window.
4-52a. WINDOW REPAIRS / REWORK PROCEDURE.
See Appendix, Window Inspection and Repair - Standard Practices; Aerofiche Card 6 - Grid 6H1.
1 BLADE ANGLE ADJUSTMENT

2. CAM LOCK
3 WIPER ARM
4 TENSION ADJUSTMENT NUT
5 LOCK WIRE
6. ADJUSTMENT SLEEVE
7 CONVERTER
8 MOTOR
9 FLEXIBLE DRIVE
10 BRACKET
Figure 4-8a. Windshield Wiper ( PA-3 IT2)
Added: 10/15/82 STRUCTURES

1F23
1 OUTERPLATE 14. EXTRUSION

2. WINDOW(OUTER) 15. CURTAINTRACK(LOWER)
3. SPACER 16 WASHER
4. SEAL 17. SKIN
5. INNERPLATE 18. INTERCOSTAL
CHANNEL
6. HANDLE 19. TEFLONTAPE(SEENOTE)
7. STRIKECATCH
8. CUPASSY.
9. WINDOW(INNER)
10. MOULDING
11. PLATE
12. CONTAINTRACK(UPPER)
13. PLACARD- EMERGENCYEXITLATCH
NOTE I
TEFLONTAPE USED ONLYON MODELS:PA-31T - S/N
31T-8120036 ANDUP: PA-31T1 - S/N 31T-8104040 AND
UP: AND PA-31T2 - S/N 31T-8166001 AND UP. SECTION A-A
Figure 4-9. Emergency Exit and Eyebrow Window

1F24
PA-31T ONLY SERIAL NOS.

31T-7400002 THRU 31T-7620057 INCLUSIVE
Figure 4-9. Emergency Exit and Eyebrow Window (cont)
THIS SPACE INTENTIONALLY BLANK
STRUCTURES
4-53. EMERGENCY EXIT WINDOW. There is a 25.75 inch by 19.75 inch emergency exit window on
the right side of the fuselage. A release handle at the top of the window frame is used to open the exit.
Pull the handle to unlock the latch and continue to pull the window and frame into the cabin. The
frame of the emergency exit window is provided with a "Rubatex" seal when built at the factory. To
prevent damage to this seal, the emergency exit should be handled with care during removal and
installation.
4-53a. INSPECTION AND SERVICING OF EMERGENCY EXIT WINDOW. At each hundred hour
inspection event, the emergency exit should be removed from the fuselage to insure its operation. If
the window sticks or is hard to remove, inspect the rubber seal on the window frame to insure it is
still serviceable; and, spray both the window frame and fuselage frame with silicone. Inspect the
fuselage frame and remove any excess skin lap sealant that may have extruded from structural parts
and or fittings. This excess sealant may cause the window seal to stick to the fuselage frame.
4-54. REMOVAL OF EYEBROW WINDOW. (Model PA-31T with serial numbers 31T-7400002 to
31T-7620057 inclusive.) (Refer to Figure 4-9.)
a. Remove the side window trim.
b. Loosen the front overhead panel.
c. Remove the aft overhead panel.
d. Loosen the radio speaker cover.
e. Remove the eyebrow window trim.
f. Remove nuts securing the window in place.
g. Carefully tap the outside of the window to loosen the sealant. Do not push violently on the
outside of the window, as this may result in damage to the fuselage skin if there is a strong seal be-
tween the window and the fuselage.
h. Remove the rubber cord that fits between the window and the joggle plate.
i. Separate the retainer from the window.
j. Remove all traces of sealant from the retainer and around the window opening on the
joggle plate.
4-55. INSTALLATION OF EYEBROW WINDOW. (Model PA-31T with serial numbers 31T-7400002
to 31T-7620057 inclusive.) (Refer to Figure 4-9.)
a. Wipe the new window with a naphtha solvent using a clean cloth.
b. Install a new rubber cord around the window.
c. Apply a bead of sealant (see Note) around the joggle plate, around both sides of the
window, and on the window side of the retainer plate.
d. Attach the retainer plate to the window and install the window by aligning the holes in the
retainer plate with the screws. Secure the window with the nuts and torque 15 to 20 inch-pounds.
e. Install the eyebrow window trim.
f. Secure the radio speaker cover, aft overhead panel and forward overhead panel.
g. Install the side window trim.
4-55a. STORM WINDOW. A storm window is provided in the pilot's side window. This storm window con-
sists of a "stretched" plexiglas window installed in a stainless steel (Type 321) window frame with a push-
button latch.
4-55b. REMOVAL OF STORM WINDOW ASSEMBLY.

a. With the storm window open remove the six (6) equally spaced screws which secure the
storm window inner ring and outer trim ring to the side window.
b. Remove the storm window from inside the cabin.
NOTES
1 SEAL BETWEEN INNER RING AND TRIM RING WITH SEALANTMIL-S-7502B RE-
MOVE EXCESS OR VISIBLE SEALANT
2 SEAL BETWEEN WINDOW AND TRIM RING WITH SEALANT MIL-S-7502B RE-
MOVE EXCESS OR VISIBLE SEALANT
3 SPLICE IN SEAL MUST BE AT TRAILING EDGE OF WINDOW CUT SEAL 75 IN.
LENGTH AT SPLICE AND CEMENT ENDS TOGETHER WITH 3M #EC-847 CEMENT
4 CEMENT SEAL TO RETAINER WITH 3M #EC-847 CEMENT
C284 A
SEE NOTE 2
NOTE3 75
VIEW B-B
SEE NOTE
SEE NOTE 4
A
1 STORM WINDOW ASSEMBLY VIEW A-A

2 SIDE WINDOW
3. SCREWS (6 EACH)
4 SEAL
5 INNER RING
6. RETAINER
7 TRIM RING
8. SPACER (01117-2)
9 INNER WINDOW
Figure 4-9a. Storm Window Installation

1G3
4-55c. INSTALLATION OF STORM WINDOW ASSEMBLY.

a. With MIL-S-7502B sealant applied to the trim ring as shown in Figure 4-9a position the
trim ring in the storm window opening.
b. Position the spacer (PAC P/N 01117-2) around the trim ring as shown in Figure 4-9a.
c. Apply MIL-S-7502B sealant to the outer rim (see Note 1) of the inner ring on the storm
window assembly and place the window into position in the opening.
d. Align the holes in the inner ring on the storm window with the holes in the trim ring. Install
the six retaining screws.
NOTE
Sealant to be used for windows is PR 1221 B-2 Code No.

914 046. This is available in 6 ounce cartridges. Mineral
spirits or Apperson solvent No. 120 should be used to remove
excess sealant. Toluol may be used in areas away from
windows.
4-56. NOSE CONE.
4-57. REMOVAL OF NOSE CONE.

a. Gain access to the locking handle.
b. Pull the handle down completely to unlock the four locking pins.
c. Swing the nose cone forward and to the right of the fuselage.
d. Disconnect any electronic cables going into nose cone.
e. The hinge pin is now accessible and can be removed.
f. Support the nose cone before removing the hinge pin.
4-58. INSTALLATION OF NOSE CONE.

a. Position the nose cone hinge with the other half of the hinge on the airplane.
b. Insert the hinge pin and secure in position with screw.
c. Connect any electronic cables removed from nose cone.
d. Close the nose cone and secure in place by pushing the locking handle up.
4-59. CABIN ENTRANCE DOOR.
4-60. REMOVAL OF CABIN ENTRANCE DOOR. (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Place a padded support under the door to relieve tension from the two support cables.
b. Remove the scuff cover from over the door hinge.
c. Remove the boot over the door snubber attachment point on the door: then disconnect the
snubber if installed. (Refer to Paragraph 4-120. Cabin Door Snubber.)
d. Disconnect the two support cables from the door.
e. Disconnect the pressure line to the door seal.
f. Remove the hinge pin and lift the door to separate the hinges and remove the door from the
airplane.
4-61. INSPECTION OF CABIN ENTRANCE DOOR.

a. Make a visual inspection of parts for excessive wear. metal fatigue and signs of improper
adjustments.
b. Operate the door latch mechanism and observe for proper functioning of all locking lugs
and for any signs of a binding or loose nature.
c. Refer to Paragraphs 4-63 through 4-66 for repair and service instructions of the various
door components.
d. Refer to Section II for the proper lubrication of the door and related mechanisms.
1G4
4-62. INSTALLATIONOF CABINENTRANCEDOOR (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Place a padded support under the door.
b. Position the hinge half on the door with the other half of the hinge on the airplaneand install the
hinge pin.
c. Connect the two support cables to the door.
d. Connect the pressureline to the door seal.
e. Connect the door snubber and replacethe boot, if installed.
f. Install the scuff coverover the door hinge.
g. Removethe padded support from under the door and check door fit.
4-63. CABIN ENTRANCE DOOR LATCH MECHANISM.The latching mechanism consists of seven
locking lugs and a series of push-pull rods and bellcranks which are all controlled from a centrally located
handle.
4-64. REMOVALOF LATCHINGMECHANISMS.(Refer to Figure 4-10.)
a. Upper and lower latching mechanism:
1. Removethe interior trim panels from the door.
2. Removethe cover plate over the bellcrank.
3. Removethe bolt connectingthe vertical push rod to the bellcrank.
4. Remove the bolts connecting the right or left push rod, or both if necessary,to remove
complete assembly.
5. The bellcrank or the push rod and lugscan now be removed.
b. Center latching mechanism:
1. Remove the interior trim panelsfrom the door, if not previouslyremoved.
2. Removethe inside handle and cover plate.
3. Remove the bolts. spacers. and locknuts connecting the vertical pushrods extending to the
upper and lower latchingmechanismbellcranks.
4. Removethe bolts connecting the right or left push rod, or both if necessary,to remove the
complete assembly.
5. Removethe bolt and locknut to remove the bellcrank.
6. The outside handle is removedfrom the outside of the door.
7. Remove the push rods extending to the sidesof the door alongwith the lockinglugs.
4-65. INSTALLATIONOF LATCHINGMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 4-10.)
a. Upper and lower latchingmechanism:
1. Install the push rods and locking lugs into the door.
2. Install the bellcranks,and position the upper bellcrank with the push-pullrod attachment
point to the forward side of the door and the lower bellcrank with the push-pullrod attachment point to
the aft side of the door.
3. Install the upper vertical push rod (the curved end up) to the upper bellcrank and secure
along with the rightpush rod usingbolt, washer and locknut.
4. Connect the left push rod to the bellcrank and securewith bolt, washerand locknut.
5. Install the lower verticalpush rod to the lower bellcrankand secure alongwith the left push
rod using bolt, washerand locknut.
6. Install the coverplates and adjust lugsin accordancewith Paragraph4-66.

1G5
b. Center latching mechanism:

1. Install the push rods and locking lugs into the door.
2. Install the outside handle, if previously removed.
3. Install the bellcrank and secure with bolt and locknut.
4. Connect the push rods to the bellcrank and be sure to install the spacers between the vertical
and horizontal push rods as shown in Figure 4-10. Secure with bolts and locknuts.
5. Install the cover plate and inside handle and adjust lugs in accordance with Paragraph 4-66.
4-66. ADJUSTMENT OF LATCHING MECHANISM. (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Remove the inside trim panels and access plates.
b. With the door opened, position the handle in the open position.
c. Check all seven locking lugs to ascertain that all are even with the ends of the lug guides on the door.
d. If any of the lugs are found to extend beyond the guides, or are inside the guides, loosen the
locknuts on the push rod and turn the push rod to get the proper setting.
e. Position the handle in the closed position and check all seven locking lugs for proper extension of
approximately 1.75 inches.
f. If any of the lugs are found out of adjustment, loosen the locknuts on the push rod and adjust
the push rod to get the proper extension.
g. Ascertain that all the locknuts on the push rods are tight and all the lugs and bellcranks operate
freely.
h. Replace the access plates and trim panels removed.
4-67. CABIN DOOR AUXILIARY LOCK.
4-68. REMOVAL OF AUXILIARY LOCK. (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Remove the knob from the auxiliary lock rod extending through the inside surface of the entrance
door next to the handle.
NOTE
The interior trim panels must be removed to gain access to the

cover plate over the lock mechanism.
b. Remove the four screws securing the cover plate and remove.
c. Remove the cotter pin and washer from the end of the lock rod extending through the lock
bushing and remove the rod.
d. To remove the lock bushing, plunger and spring from the door, loosen and remove the two
machine screws and nuts securing the assembly to the door.
4-69. INSTALLATION OF AUXILIARY LOCK. (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Install the spring into the plunger and the plunger and spring into the bushing.
NOTE
Ascertain that the O-ring is installed in the bushing, around the

plunger.
1G6
1. SUPPORT CABLE
2. SCUFF COVER
3. BOOT
4. DOOR SNUBBER
5. PRESSURE LINE
6. WEATHER SEAL
7. STEP EXTENDER
8. LOCKING LUG
9. PUSH PULL ROD
10. PUSH PULL ROD
11. COVER PLATE
12. BELLCRANK (UPPER)
13. VERTICAL PUSH ROD
14. BELLCRANK (CENTER)
15. COTTER PIN
16. WASHER
17. O-RING
18. PLUNGER
19. SPRING
20. LOCK BUSHING
21. ROD
22. COVER PLATE
23. KNOB (AUXILIARY LOCK)
24. INSIDE LATCH HANDLE
25. VERTICAL PUSH ROD
26. BELLCRANK (LOWER)
27. COVER PLATE
28. ROYALITE PANEL
29. INNER SKIN
30. GUSSET
31. BULKHEAD
32. DOOR HEADER
33. INFLATABLE SEAL
34. OUTER SKIN
35. OUTER SKIN
36. DOOR WARNING SWITCH
Figure 4-10. Cabin Entrance Door

1G7
SECTIONA- A

1G8
b. Place the assembly into the access opening and secure it in place with two screws and nuts.
c. Install the lock rod into the slot in the bushing and through the hole in the plunger, and secure in
place with washer and cotter pin.
d. Install the cover plate, being sure the lock rod extends out through the bushing in the cover.
e. Secure the cover to the door with four screws, and replace the trim panels on the interior of the
door and the knob on the end of the lock rod.
4-70. REMOVAL OF HANDLE (INSIDE). (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Remove the screw pin from the handle.
b. Remove the handle and teflon washer.
c. Remove the screws securing the cover plate and remove the plate.
d. Remove the machine screws and locknuts to remove the spindle from the door.
e. Reach into the opening made by the removal of the cover plate and remove the bolt and locknut
securing the outer handle and shaft to the bellcrank.
4-71. CABIN ENTRANCE DOOR SEAL ASSEMBLY. This is an inflatable seal and has an air inlet valve
from the lower corner of the seal to a control solenoid valve.
A metal flange is installed around the seal to keep it in place. When the door is closed and the cabin is
pressurized, the door seal is pressurized and expands against the door frame to completely seal the door
opening.
4-72. REMOVAL OF CABIN DOOR SEAL.

a. Remove the lower trim from the door and disconnect the rubber hose from the inlet valve on the
seal.
b. Remove the rubber seal from around the door using MEK or white gas to cut through the
cement.
CAUTION
When removing the inlet valve from the hole in the door, use
extreme caution not to damage it.
c. Clean the door and seal with MEK or white gas to remove all traces of old cement.
4-73. INSTALLATION OF CABIN DOOR SEAL.

a. Clean both the door and seal with MEK or white gas prior to applying cement.
b. Apply one even coat of 3M #1300L cement to the cleaned surfaces of the door and seal
except on the retainer side apply 3M #EC-847. Allow to dry and then apply a second coat and allow
to dry.
CAUTION
Take care to avoid getting cement on areas not to be cemented.
c. Activate the cement by wiping the cemented surfaces lightly with Toluol. Do approximately
two feet at a time and immediately position and press the seal in place. Start at the air inlet on the
inflatable seal.

1G9
CAUTION
Care must be taken to avoid stretching the inflatable seal.

Mark the seal and door at ten inch intervals to gage length.
d. After positioning the seal correctly on the door, press the seal firmly in place to assure
complete adhesion.
e. Clean off excess cement with a cloth dampened in MEK or white gas. Allow cement to set
for four hours before using the door and inflating the seal.
f. Connect the rubber hose to the inlet valve and replace the trim panel over the door.
4-74. CABIN ENTRANCE DOOR STEP MECHANISM.
4-75. REMOVAL OF STEPS. (Refer to Figure 4-10.) With the cabin entrance door opened and the
steps extended, proceed to remove the steps in accordance with the following instructions:
a. Remove the nuts, bolts, and washers from both sides of each step which are used to
connect the step support tubes linking the three steps together.
b. Remove the hinge pins which secure the step half of the hinge with the door half of the hinge and
remove the steps.
4-76. INSTALLATION OF STEPS. (Refer to Figure 4-10.)

a. Position the steps to the door and install the hinge pins.
b. Position the step support tubes along the sides of the steps, being certain to place the tube
with the door support cable guide on the forward side of the door. Be sure that the step stops on the
step support tubes are pointing towards the center of the entrance door.
NOTE
Ascertain that the door support cable is routed between the

roller and bracket on the forward step support tube assembly.
c. Install the bolts through the step support tubes and install washers between the tubes and
step brackets; then secure with locknuts.
4-77. CARGO DOOR.
4-78. REMOVAL OF CARGO DOOR. (Refer to Figure 4-11.)
NOTE
The cabin door must be open prior to removing the cargo

door.
a. With the door open, disconnect the door support assembly from the door.
b. Disconnect door seal hose.
c. Remove hinge pin and remove the door from airplane.
4-79. INSTALLATION OF CARGO DOOR. (Refer to Figure 4-11.)

a. Position the door and align hinges. Insert hinge pin and bend both ends.
b. Attach door support assembly to the door.
c. Operate door latch to determine that the locking pins are engaging properly.
1G10
4-80. CARGO DOOR LATCH ASSEMBLY. The latching mechanism consists of three locking pins,
two latch assemblies and a series of push rods controlled by two bellcranks from a centrally located
handle.
4-81. REMOVAL OF CARGO DOOR LATCH ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 4-11.)

a. Remove the trim panels and bellcrank cover plates.
NOTE
Index the push rods to aid in reassembly.
b. Remove the hardware securing the push rods to bellcranks.

c. Remove the bellcrank assemblies from the door along withteflon washers used on left
bellcrank only.
d. Remove the hardware securing the push rods to the upper door latch assemblies.
e. Remove the push rods from the door.
f. The remaining push rods with the locking pins attached may now be removed.
4-82. INSTALLATION OF CARGO DOOR LATCH ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 4-11.)

a. Install the upper door latch assembly push rods and secure with the appropriate hardware.
b. Install the remaining push rods with locking pins attached.
c. Install the bellcrank assemblies using new teflon washers where required.
d. Secure with the push rod assemblies to the bellcrank assemblies using the appropriate
hardware.
e. Install the bellcrank cover plates.
f. With the door handle in the closed position check the three locking pins for proper
extension (approximately 1.75 inches)
g. Determine that all locknuts on push rods are secure and the door latch assembly operates
freely.
h. Install trim panels previously removed.
4-82a. SEAL ASSEMBLY - CARGO DOOR.
4-82b. REMOVAL OF CARGO DOOR SEAL. (Same as Paragraph 4-72.)
4-82c. INSTALLATION OF CARGO DOOR SEAL. (Same as Paragraph 4-73.)

4-83. FORWARD BAGGAGE DOOR.
4-84. REMOVAL OF FORWARD BAGGAGE DOOR.

a. With door open and hinges exposed, remove the cotter pins and washers from the hinge
pins.
b. While supporting door, remove the hinge pins and lift the door for removal.
4-85. INSTALLATION OF FORWARD BAGGAGE DOOR.

a. While supporting door, align the hinges in the hinge bracket assemblies and insert the
hinge pins.
b. Replace the washers and insert the cotter pins into the ends of the hinge pins.

1G11
1 UPPER DOOR LATCHES

2 PUSH RODS. UPPER LATCHES
3. BEARING/SUPPORT, INNER
4. ACCESS PANEL, DOOR
5 LATCH PIN, AFT
6 CONTROL BELLCRANKS FOR
AFT LATCHINGMECHANISM
7 PUSH ROD, MAIN CONTROL FROM
HANDLE BELLCRANKTO AFT BELLCRANK
8. BEARING/SUPPORT,OUTER
9 PUSH RODS, LOWER LATCH PINS
10 LOWER LATCH PINS
11 HANDLE MECHANISM
12. HANDLE BELLCRANK
13 NYLON BEARING WASHER
CARGO DOOR
MAIN ENTRANCE
DOOR
CARGO DOOR LATCH
MECHANISM
CARGODOOR INSTALLATION
Figure 4-11. Cargo Door Installation

1G12
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
4-86. REMOVALOF FORWARDBAGGAGEDOOR LATCHASSEMBLY.

a. Removalprocedure for forward baggagedoor tube and arm assembliesis as follows:
1. With the door open, remove the screws holding the inside coverand remove the cover from
door assembly.
2. Disconnect the spring between the link and tube assembly.Also, removetwo other springs
located on either side of the tube assemblyto the baggagedoor assembly.
3. Remove the roll pin. located between the tube assemblyand door handle. Also,remove the
spring link at this time.
4. Remove six machine screws (three on each end) holding the arm assembliesto the door
assemblyand remove the tube with both arm assembliesfrom door.
5. The arm assembliescan be removed from the clevis end of the tube by removingthe cotter
pins, washersand pins.
b. Removalprocedure for forward baggagedoor handle assemblyis as follows:
1. Disconnect roll pin located between the tube assembly and the handle, if not previously
done.
2. Remove six locknuts and machine screws holding the handle and bracket and remove from
door assembly.
3. The handle can be removed from the bracket by removingthe cotter pin, washersand pin.
c. Removalprocedure for forward baggagedoor key lock assemblyis as follows:
1. Remove two screws from the outside of the door to disconnect the lock guide plate
assemblylocated on the insideof door.
2. The key lock assemblycan now be removed by removingthe retainingnut and washer from
the back of the key lock assembly.
4-87. INSTALLATIONOF FORWARDBAGGAGEDOOR LATCHASSEMBLY.
a. Procedure for installingthe key lock assemblyis as follows:
1. Insert the key lock assemblyfrom the back side of door with the latchingarm towards the
handle cut out on door.
2. Replacethe washerand retaining nut to back of lock and secure.
3. Install lock guideplate and secure with two screwsfrom outside of door.
b. Procedure for installingbaggagedoor handle assemblyis as follows:
1. The handle and bracket can be assembledif previouslytaken apart by placing handle into
bracket with two washersbetween handle and bracket and inserting the roll pin.
2. Replace the handle and bracket assemblyinto the back of the door with the handle to the
outer skin of door. Secureassemblywith six machinescrewsand locknuts.
3. If tube assembly was not removed, replace the roll pin between the tube assembly and
handle and also replacethe springlink. Securewith roll pin.
c. Installationprocedure for baggagedoor tube and arm assembliesis as follows:
1. Secure the arm assembliesto the clevisends on the tube assemblywith pins. washersand
cotter pins. Be certain that the proper arm assemblyis on each end of tube.
2. The complete tube and arm assembly can now be placed onto the rear of the door, making
certain that the projection on the tube alignswith the projection on the handle. Replace the six machine
screws(three on each side) to hold the arm assembliesto the door
3. With all holes in both projection and the springlink aligned,insert the roll pin.
4. Connect the three springs at this time. One between the spring link and the tube, and two
between the tube assemblyand the door assembly.
5. Adjustment should be made at this time before replacingcover. (Refer to Paragraph4-88.)
Use the six machinescrewsto secure the cover on the door assembly.
Reissut : 2/6/81 STRUCTURES

1G13
4-88. ADJUSTMENT OF FORWARD BAGGAGE DOOR LATCH. Adjustment is done through the
removal of the cover and adjustment of two clevis fittings located at the ends of the tube assembly.
a. Remove the cotter pin, washer, and pin from the clevis and arm assemblies and loosen the
locknuts between clevis and tube.
b. With handle in the closed position, turn the clevis in or out to get the arms of the arm assemblies
to extend out at a 90 degree angle to the edge of the door assembly.
c. When the adjustment is completed, tighten the locknuts and reconnect the clevis and arm
assemblies with the pins, washers and cotter pins. Replace the cover and secure with six machine screws.
4-89. CONTROL SURFACE BALANCING.
4-90. CHECKING CONTROL SURFACE BALANCE. The movable control surfaces have been statically
balanced at the time of installation at the factory and normally need not be rebalanced unless the surfaces have
been repainted, repaired or replaced. Each control surface must be complete including paint, trim tab where
required, balance weights, static wicks, etc. Tabs must be held in neutral position with a small piece of tape.
Tab actuating rods must be in place and connected to the tab. The forward end of the actuating rods must be
disconnected from the attachment points. Disconnected actuating rod (forward ends) must be positioned to
correspond to the neutral tab position.
4-91. BALANCING EQUIPMENT. Balancing must be done using test weights called for in the text and
Table IV-I thru Table IV-IV for each surface by aircraft model. Any control surface being balanced must be
removed from the aircraft and placed in a test fixture (jig) as shown in Figures 4-12. 4-13 and 4-15. The
balancing must be accomplished in a draft free area and in a manner which allows unrestricted movement of
the control surface.
4-92. BALANCING DEFINITIONS. The following is a list of balancing definitions as used in this service
manual
a. Master Test Weight: A fabricated tool temporarily attached to the control surface to determine
when the surface is at its lower static balance limits.
b. Balance Weight: Weight attached permanently to a control balance to produce a static hinge
movement within the required range (such as 30 inch-pounds ± 10 inch-pounds trailing edge heavy).
c. Trailing Edge Heavy: Positive static hinge moment, trailing edge of the surface moves downward
when released from a neutral position.
d. Leading Edge Heavy: Negative static hinge moment; leading edge of the surface moves
downward when released from a neutral position.
e. Master Test Weight Arm: Perpendicular distance between the control surface hinge line and the
point of application of the master test weight.
f. 0.1 Pound Test Weight: Small weight or weights added to the master test weight during
balancing procedure when the surface is trailing edge heavy with the basic master test weight installed.
g. Trim Weight: Small weight or weights added to the surface balance weight to bring the surface
within tolerances. (Sometimes required depending on variations in surface conditions.)

1G14
TABLE IV-I. CONTROL SURFACE BALANCING(PA-31T)

NOTES
1. This data indicatesfinal base and trim paint on the various sur-
faces being balanced.
2. The same number of plates must be used on each elevator.
3. Surfaces must be removed from aircraft for balancing.
Surface Aileron Elevator Rudder

Master Test Weight .60 to 1.50 2.90 to 3.70 5.50 to 6.10
In Pounds
Master Test Weight 6.67 8.03 9.81
Arm In Inches
Static BalanceLimits 7±3 30+0 60+0
In Inch-Pounds -7 -10
Right Left Right Left

Weight Of Lead Balance 3.30 2.20 4.20 4.20 Not Removable
Weight (Lbs.)
Trim Weight Part Number Not Allowed 51615 43332
Maximum Number Of Trim 7 8
Weights Allowed Per Surface Not Allowed See Note 2
Maximum AllowableBalance 3.60 2.40 4.64 4.64 5.05
Weightsand Trim WeightsPer
Side In Pounds

1G15
TABLE IV-II. CONTROL SURFACE BALANCING(PA-3ITI) (WITH TIP TANKS)

NOTES

Master Test Weight .60 to 1.50 2.90 to 3.70 5.50 to 6.10
In Pounds
Arm In Inches
Static BalanceLimits 7±3 30+0 60+0

Weight Of Lead Balance 3.30 220 4.20 4.20 Not Removable
Weight (Lbs.)
Trim Weight Part Number Not Allowed
51615 43332
Weights Allowed Per Surface Not Allowed See Note 2
Maximum Allowable Balance 3.60 2.40 4.64 4.64 5.05
Side In Pounds

1G16
TABLE IV-III. CONTROL SURFACE BALANCING(PA-31T1)(WITHOUT TIP TANKS)

NOTES

Master Test'Weight 0.0 to 1.0 2.90 to 3.70 5.50 to 6.10
In Pounds
Master Test Weight 6:00 8.03 9.81
Arm In Inches
Static BalanceLimits -3 ± 3 30+0 60+0
Left Right Left

Weight Of Lead Balance 3.90 4.20 4.20 Not Removable
Weight (Lbs.)
Trim Weight Part Number 54395-2 51615 43332
Maximum Number Of Trim 4 7 8
Weights Allowed Per Surface See Note 2
Maximum AllowableBalance 5.48 4.64 4.64 4.64 5.05
Side In Pounds
Added:2/15/82 STRUCTURES
1G17
TABLE IV-IV. CONTROL SURFACE BALANCING(PA-31T2)

NOTES
Master Test Weight .2 to .5 2.90 to 3.70 4.0 to 4.9

In Pounds
Arm In Inches
Static Balance Limits -1.2+0 30+0 48.5+0

In Inch-Pounds -2 -7 -10
Weight Of Lead Balance 2.43 1.43 Not Removable

Weight (Lbs.) Inboard 4.20 4.20
6.00
Trim Weight Part Number Not Allowed 51615 43332

Not Allowed
Weights Allowed Per Surface See Note 2
Maximum Allowable Balance 2.43 1.43 5.90

Weightsand Trim WeightsPer Inboard 4.64 4.64
Side In Pounds 6.00

1G18
TAPETRIMTAB
MASTERTESTWEIGHTLOCATION
(PA-31T1 AND PA-31T2
WITHOUTTIP TANKS)
MASTERTEST WEIGHTARM
JIG KNIFEEDGE
MASTERTESTWEIGHTLOCATION
(PA-31TAND PA-31T1
WITHTIP TANKS)
Figure 4-12. Checking Aileron Balance
KNIFEEDGES ATCENTERAND
TWO OUTBOARDHINGELOCATIONS
MASTERTEST
WEIGHT
Figure 4-13. Checking Elevator Balance
Revised: 2/15/82 1G19

1G19 STRUCTURES
NOTE
WELD EACH PLATE AS SHOWN TO
INSURE PROPER FIT AND
CLEARANCE.
MATERIAL SPEC.
* 4130 STEEL SHEET
.IZSX 1.12 325
PLACE ONE PLATE ON EACH

OF MAIN WEIGHT.
PLATE (2REQ.)
Figure 4-14. Elevator Balance Weight Modification
JIG KNIFEEDGE
RUDDERBAL
Figure 4-15. Checking Rudder Balance
1G20
4-93. AILERON BALANCING PROCEDURE. (Refer to Figure 4-12.)

a. Remove the aileron from the airplane. (Refer to Paragraph 4-10.)
b. Place the aileron on the balancing jig as illustrated in Figure 4-12. Establish a horizontal reference
mark which aligns with the trailing edge of the aileron when it is held in a horizontally level position
(chord line level).
c. Ascertain that the surface rotates freely with no binding at the knife edges.
d. Fabricate a master test weight. (Refer to the appropriate Table (IV-I thru IV-IV) on Control Surface
Balancing for specific weight.)
e. Hang the master test weight on the forward attachment bolt of the balance weight.
f. If the aileron balances with the master test weight installed, it is at the minimum static balance limit
and is satisfactory.
g. If the aileron is leading edge heavy with the master test weight installed, material must be removed
from the surface balance weight until a balanced condition is obtained. This would also result in the
lower static balance limit.
h. If the aileron is trailing edge heavy with the master test weight installed, it must be determined that the
aileron does not exceed the upper static limits. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control Surface
Balancing for static limits.) The following instructions should be used to determine the extent of
unbalance:
1. Add individual 0.1 pound test weights to the master test weight until the aileron balances.
2. If the number of 0.1 pound test weights does not exceed the maximum allowable, the aileron is
within the static limits and is satisfactory. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control Surface
Balancing for maximum weight.)
3. If the number of 0.1 pound test weights added to the master test weight to balance the aileron
exceeds the maximum allowable per the appropriate Table, the aileron balance exceeds the static
limits allowable. The reason for the excessive unbalance must be determined; the unbalance must
be corrected and the aileron re-checked.
i. With the balance check complete, install the assembly on the aircraft. (Refer to Paragraph 4-11.)
4-94. ELEVATOR BALANCING PROCEDURE. (Refer to Figures 4-13 and 4-14.)

a. Remove the complete (both halves) elevator assembly from the airplane. (Refer to Paragraph 4-23.)
The complete assembly including trim tabs, actuating rods and center balance weight must be
assembled and placed on the balancing jig.
b. Fabricate a master test weight. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control Surface Balancing for
specific weight.)
c. With the elevators assembled and mounted in the jig, establish a horizontal reference mark which
aligns with the trailing edge of the elevator when held in a level position (chord line level). Ascertain
that the assembly rotates freely with no binding at knife edges.
d. Loosen one top forward elevator tip attachment screw and hang the master test weight over the leading
edge.
e. If the elevators balance in neutral position with just the master test weight installed, the surface is at
the minimum static limit, and is satisfactory.
f. If the elevator is leading edge heavy with the master test weight installed, the elevator tip balance
weights may be decreased in weight by removing lead from their outboard surfaces to a minimum tip
weight of 3.50 pounds each, or as required to obtain a balanced condition. Remove equal amounts
from both tip weights simultaneously.
g. If the surface is still leading edge heavy with the tip weights reduced to 3.50 pounds and the master
test weight installed, the cause of the excessive unbalance must be determined and corrected, and the
balancing procedure repeated.
h. If the assembly is trailing edge heavy with the master test weight installed, 0.1 pound test weights may
be added to the master test weight. Additional 0.1 pound test weights may be added to the master test
weight, but do not exceed the maximum allowed. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control Surface
Balancing for maximum allowable weight.)
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
i. If the assemblyis still trailing edgeheavy,add trim weightsto obtain a balancedcondition. (Refer
to the appropriate Table on Control Surface Balancingfor trim weightpart numberand amount allowable.)
Divide trim weights equally and attach them to the outboard side of each tip weight.
j. If the elevator is stilltrailing edgeheavy with the maximumnumber of trim weightsinstalled,check
the elevator balance weightarm assemblyP/N 51399to see if it has additional plates welded to the main
balance weight.Elevators with Serial Nos. 31T-7400002to 31T-7720022inclusivemay be modifiedto include
the additional plates on the main balance weight if required. Refer to Figure 4-14, for fabrication and in-
stallation instructions.
4-95. RUDDER BALANCING PROCEDURE. (Refer to Figure 4-15.)

a. Remove the rudder from the airplane. (Refer to Paragraph 4-32.)
b. Place the rudder horizontally on the balancejig.
c. Fabricate a master test weight. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control SurfaceBalancingfor
specificweight.)
d. Hang the master test weight in the existing tool hole in the rudder counterbalance channel.
Ascertain that the tool hole is located to provide the proper master test weight arm as specified in the
appropriate Tables on Control Surface Balancing.
e. If the rudder balanceswith just the specifiedmaster test weight,the surfaceis at the minimumstatic
limits per the appropriate Table on Control Surface Balancingand is satisfactory.
f. If the rudder is leading edge heavywith the master test weightinstalled,material must be removed
from the surface balance weight until a balanced condition is obtained. This would also result in the lower
static limit.
g. If the rudder is trailing edge heavywith the master test weightinstalled, it must be determinedthat
the rudder does not exceed the maximum static limits. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control Surface
Balancingfor static limits.) The followinginstructions will determine the extent of unbalance:
1. Add individual 0. 1 pound test weights to the master test weight until the rudder balances.
2. If the number of 0.1 pound test weights added does not exceed the maximum allowable,the
rudder is within the static limits. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control SurfaceBalancingfor maximum
weight.)
3. If the number of 0.1 pound test weightsadded to the master test weightto balance the rudder
exceedsthe maximum allowable per the appropriate Table, the rudder balance exceedsthe static limits and
trim weightsmust be added to the rudder to produce a balancedcondition. (Referto the appropriate Table on
Control SurfaceBalancingfor the trim weightpart number and the maximumamount allowedto balancethe
rudder.)
NOTE
During this procedure, the master test weight mustcarry no more
than the maximum number of 0.1 pound test weightsas called out
in the appropriate Table on Control Surface Balancing.
h. If trim weights are required, removethe rudder tip and install the trim weightson the attachment
point located in the web of the upper rib. Use AN3-A bolt with the length depending on the amount of trim
weights used. (Refer to the appropriate Table on Control SurfacingBalancingfor maximum number of trim
weights allowed.)
i. Install rudder tip and secure with attaching screws,and recheck rudder balance.
j. With balance check completed, install the rudder assemblyon the aircraft. (Refer to Paragraph
4-33.)

1G22
4-96. ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM FRICTION MEASUREMENT. (Refer to Figure 4-16.) The
complete elevator system (including Autopilot if installed)must be riggedto its proper travels and cable ten-
sions prior to determiningthe friction in the system. (Referto Section V, Table V-I,and Paragraphs 5-23and
5-31.)
"TOTAL FRICTION" in the PA-31Televatorcontrol system shallnot be in the excessof 10pounds on
earlier modelsand 11pounds on modelswith serial numbers 31T-7920053,3IT-8020001and up, with the arm
on SAS actuator fulldown and elevator in neutral position. On the PA-31TI only, adjust the turnbuckle to
obtain 43 + I pounds tensionand on the PA-31T2 only, 48+ I pounds tension on the elevator control spring,
with elevatorin neutral position. 'TOTAL FRICTION" in the PA-31T1and PA-31T2 elevatorcontrol system
shall not exceed 11pounds. Determine the actual friction in the system by using the followingprocedure:
a. Attach a spring scale to the inboard trailing edge of the elevator, outboard of the tab.
b. With the spring scale attached, position the elevator trailing edge down approximately 2 inches
from the neutral position.
c. Record the force (see Step g.) required to raise the elevator through the neutral position until the
trailing edge is approximately 2 inches above neutral.
d. Record the restraining force lowering the elevator from the 2 inches up position thru the neutral
position to the original 2 inchesdown position.
e. Repeat the above raising and loweringprocessesuntil average forces are obtained.
f. The total friction is obtained by subtracting the two forces.
NOTE
Do not exceed 60 pounds force for any measurement.
g. The elevatorshall be rotated with a steady movementand the force readingtaken whentheelevator
is passing thru the neutral position. Do not stop rotation when taking reading.
4-97. CHECKING ELEVATORTRIM TAB FREE PLAY. In accordance with the latest revisionof Piper
Service BulletinNo. 468, check the elevator trim tab for excessiveplay. Pay particular attention to wear or
looseness at each tab hinge pivot point, the push-pull attachments and trim tab screwassembly.
a. Position thetrim tab so that the trailingedgeof the tab is 0.50 .12of an inchbelowthe trailingedge
of the elevator.
b. With tab positioned per (a), the total "Free Play" must not exceed .06 of an inch as measured be-
tween the outboard end of the tab trailing edge and the trailing edge of the elevator.
c. If excessive play is found, inspect the elevator trim screw and hinge assemblies to determine the
location of excessive play. Repair or replace the worn parts as required.
Revised: 7/2/84 1G23 STRUCTURES

1G23
4-97a. CHECKING AILERON TRIM TAB FREE PLAY.

a. Aileron trim tab free play:
1. Position the aileron and aileron trim tab in neutral position.
2. With surfaces positioned per (1), the total trim tab "Free Play" must not exceed .045 of an inch
as measured between the inboard end of the tab and the trailing edge of the flap.
3. If excessive play is found inspect the aileron trim screw and hinge assemblies to determine the
location of excessive play. Repair or replace the worn parts as required.
4-97b. CHECKING RUDDER TRIM TAB FREE PLAY.

a. Position the rudder and rudder trim tab in neutral position.
b. With surfaces position per (a), the total trim tab "Free Play" must not exceed .07 of an inch as
measured between the bottom end of the tab and the trailing edge of the rudder.
THIS SPACE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

1G24
-—TRAILING
EDGE
I
I I
I
I
I OUTBOARD
-38 BOLT
-TAB
-SPRINGSCALE
TABDOWN
Figure 4-16. Elevator Friction Measurement

1H1
PIPERCHEYENNE SERVICEMANUAL
4-98. STRUCTURAL REPAIRS. Structural repair methods used may be made in accordance with the
regulations set forth in FAA AdvisoryCircular 43.13-IA. To assist in making repairs and/or replacements,
Figure 4-17 identifies the type and thickness of the various skin material used. Never make a skin
replacement or patch plate from material other than the type and thicknessof the originalskin. The repair
must be as strong as the original skin. However, flexibility must be retained so that the surroundingareas
will not receive extra stress.
When making major structural repairsother than using factory manufactured parts, it is recommended
the manufacturer be contacted. No major alterations are recommended without contacting the
manufacturer.
NOTE
Any time serviceis accomplishedon the elevator control system, a
friction check must be made to insure that the system friction is
within limits. (Refer to Paragraph 4-96.)
It may be necessary to cut access holes to make skin repairs in some areas of the aircraft. Refer to Figure
4-18 for typical accessholes. In pressurizedareas all skins, formers, stringers,etc., are consideredstructural
members and should be treated as such. All repair material must be free of any defects such as nicks,
scratches, etc., which can cause stress risers. Do not dimple a structural member by drivingthe rivet head
into the part.
Scratches in acrylic plastic windows may be removed by buffing, providingnot more than .031 of an
inch of material is removed. No crazing or cracksare permitted in the pressure windows.
4-99. FUSELAGE SEALING. (Refer to Figures 4-19and 4-20.) Special sealing compounds have been
used to seal sections of the Piper Cheyenneagainst leakageof pressurizedair. This sealingis done during the
course of construction. Any air leakagethroughout the pressurizedfuselagecan normally be detected when
carrying out the fuselage pressure check given in Section XIII or Section XIIIA.
1H2
LEFT NACELLE RIGHT NACELLE
NUMBER MATERIAL THICKNESS NUMBER MATERIAL
FIBERGLASS
2024-T3
2024-T3
4 20244-0*
2024-T3
202440* .01
NOTE: LEFT WING SHOWN. RIGHT OPPOSITE AND NOTED MATERIAL OUTLINED IN DOTS
USED ON RIGHT WING ONLY. CIRCLED MATERIAL NUMBERS INDICATE LEFT
WING ONLY.
*HEAT TREAT TO 2024-T4 AFTER FORMING.
Figure 4-17. Skin Thickness
Reissued: 2/6/81 1H3 STRUCTURES

1188
Figure 4-17. Skin Thickness (cont)
1H4
314
A B
1366
Figure 4-17. Skin Thickness (cont)

1H5
17315 ACCESS HOLE

REINFORCEMENT
PLATE
COVERPLATE
2 AN426-AD3-4
(22 REO)
AN 507-8-32R10
Figure 4-18. Typical Access Holes and Panels

1H6
4-100. LIST OF EQUIPMENT.

a. Mixers - Semco No. 285 Portable, or Semco No. 385 Automatic or equivalent. (See Note 1,
Paragraph 4-101.)
b. Cartridges - SemKit No. 650 2-1/2 ounces and 6 ounces proportioned with MIL-S-7502 Class B
sealants only. (See Note 1, Paragraph 4-101.)
c. Half pint kits of MIL-S-7502 Class A sealants only (5 fluid ounces). (See Note 1, Paragraph4-101.)
d. Air powered sealant gun (Semco No. 250-6 with extra retainers for 2-1/2 ounce cartridges or
equivalents). (See Note 1, Paragraph 4-101.)
e. Assorted nozzles for sealant gun. (See Note 1, Paragraph 4-101.)
f. Extension for sealant gun. (See Note 1, Paragraph 4-101.)
g. Solvent dispensers (polyethylene squirt bottles).
h. Clean white cotton cloths.
i. Stiff bristle brush (not nylon).
j. Solvent containers with covers for cleaning nozzles, tools, etc.
k. Fillet fairing tools. (Refer to Figure 4-28.)
4-101. LIST OF MATERIALS. Only the following materials should be used:

a. Sealants - MIL-S-7502 - Classes A-1, 2. A-2, B-2, B-4. B-6 and B-8. (See Note 1.)
b. Sealant material - 3M - E.C. 612. (See Note 2.)
c. Sealant material - G.E.-SS-4004 Primer. (See Note 3.)
d. Sealant material - G.E. RTV 88 with RTV 9811 catalysts. (See Note 3.)
e. Aluminum Wool - Fine.
f. Release Agent - Polyvinyl Alcohol (P.V.A.).
g. Cleaning Solvents - Methylethylketone (MEK) or Aliphatic Naphtha.
The equipment and materials listed in Paragraphs 4-100 and 4-101 are commercially available from the
vendors as shown in the following Notes:
Note 1: H.S. Bancroft Corporation
- 2 Rockhill Ind. Park
Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034
Note 2: 3M Company
Industrial Specialities Division
220-7E-01 3M Center
St. Paul, Minnesota 55144
Note 3: General Electric

Silicone Products Div. Sect. TR75
Waterford, New York 12188

1H7
C. SEAL BEFOREINSTALLING
INNER SKIN.
D. ALL SKIN LAPS IN THE PRES.
AREA SHALL HAVE FAYING SEALS.
Figure 4-19. Fuselage Sealing (Forward)

1H8
1119
t = FAYING SEAL
2 = FILLET SEAL
3 = OVERCOATW/"A" TYPE SEALANT
NOTES:
A. USE RTV88 WITH
RTV5811 CATALYST
SEAL WINDOW DOUBLER
SKINS WITH FAYING
SEAL ALL AROUND
WINDOW OPENING.
C. SEAL BEFORE INSTALLING
I INNER SKIN.
D. ALL SKIN LAPS IN THE PRES
AREA SHALL HAVE FAYING SEALS.
Figure 4-20. Fuselage Sealing, (Aft)

1H9
4-102. SURFACE PREPARATION. All parts which must be sealed should be thoroughly cleaned.
Methylethylketone (MEK) or Aliphatic Naphtha are recommended cleaning agents.
NOTE
Aliphatic Naphtha is preferable since it will not damage painted

surfaces or acrylic plastic (Plexiglas) windows.
a. All parts, sub-assemblies, and assemblies to be sealed shall be alodined and primed with zinc-
chromate, except pressurized air duct work, airboxes, etc., which shall be alodined only.
b. Remove all filings, chips, loose dirt, and other foreign objects on the surfaces to be sealed by
forced air or vacuum cleaning and brush.
c. Clean all surfaces or voids to be sealed, to remove all fingerprints, oil or grease. To clean, wipe the
affected areas with naphtha, using a clean cotton cloth. The cleanedsurfaces should be wiped dry immediately
and not allowed to air dry.
CAUTION
When using these cleaning solvents in a closed area, forced

ventilation must be used to protect personnel from toxic fumes.
d. It is essential that clean cloths be used for cleaning. When a cloth becomes soiled, it should be
discarded. To avoid contamination of the cleaning solvent, it should be poured on the cloth. Repeat the
cleaning procedures above until it is certain no contaminates are left on the surfaces to be sealed.
NOTE
The importance of proper cleaning prior or applying sealant cannot

be over emphasized. Sealant will not adhere properly to a dirty,
oily surface. The entire purpose of the sealant is defeated if it lifts
from the structure after it has been applied.
4-103. MATERIAL PREPARATION. The instructions of the sealant manufacturer should be followed
exactly with regard to both the mixing and storage of the sealants.
Mix only enough sealant to accomplish the work at hand. The application life of the A-2 and B-2 class
sealants is two hours at 75 degrees Fahrenheit and 50 percent relative humidity. For every 10 degrees
temperature rise, the application life is reduced by half, and for every 10 degrees drop in temperature the
application life is doubled. Increased humidity decreases application life and decreased humidity increases
application life.
The application life of A- 1/2 class sealant is one-half hour under the same 75 degrees Fahrenheit and
50 percent relative humidity.
NOTE
Use care when mixing sealant to avoid incorporating air into the
sealant.

1H10
4-104. APPLICATION OF SEALANTS. The following sequence of sealing should be observed:

a. Seal faying surfaces of assemblies and sub-assemblies prior to assembly which are not accessible
later.
b. Seal joggles, holes, cutout and any other gaps.
c. Seal remaining seams and joints.
d. Seal bolts, screws, nuts and other fasteners.
e. Seal electrical harness.
f. Seal formed-in place gaskets.
NOTE
All sealing is done on the pressure side of the seal plane. This assures
that the pressure will help hold the seal in place.
4-105. SEALING FAYING SURFACES. (Refer to Figure 4-21.) Typcial parts requiring sealing prior to
assembly are bulkhead assemblies that extend above and below the seal plane between bulkhead stations 81
and 274 inclusive, for the PA-31T and PA-31TI and between bulkhead stations 57 and 274 inclusive, for the
PA-31T2, floorboard or floorboard support channels, angles and skin joints behind box bulkheads and
windshields and windows. Type B-2 class sealant should be used. Apply a liberal amount of sealant to each
mating surface of the applicable parts. Assemble and secure the components together before the sealant dries.
NOTE
Sufficient sealant should be applied to insure a continuous extrusion

on both sides of the joint after assembly of the faying surface. (Refer
to Figure 4-21.)
Allow class B-2 sealant to fully cure for 48 hours at 75°F and 50% relative humidity.
4-106. SEALING JOGGLES. (Refer to Figure 4-22.) Joggles should be sealed by completely filling them
with class B-2 sealant. The sealant should be applied by the use of a pressure applicator, forcing the sealant
under the joggle from either side until it begins to extrude on the opposite side of the joggle.
4-107. SEALING HOLES AND VOIDS. (Refer to Figure 4-23.) Voids are defined as gaps between airframe
members which present a direct opening through the pressure vessel structure. Such gaps occur at stringer
cutouts in the pressure bulkheads, forming reliefs and flanges. Holes and voids which are less than .125 wide
should be filled with sealant and building up a bead with a minimum thickness of .062. If the gap is larger than
.125 wide, it must have a mechanical closure such as a soft rivet or screw and washer, or maybe packed with
3M-EC-612 putty type sealant to form a base for the sealant.
4-108. HOLES AND VOIDS IN COLD AIR DUCT WORK. (Refer to Figure 4-23.) Sealing in this area is
done to prevent air noises and eliminate undesirable, uncontrollable drafts. Apply sealant to any holes and
voids less than .125 inch wide, and apply 3M #471 plastic tape on inside or outside surface of any holes and
voids larger than .125 inch.
4-109. SEALING SEAMS AND JOINTS. (Refer to Figure 4-24.) Fillet seals should be used along the edges
of all structures riveted to the skin in the pressurized area, such as frames, stringers, doublers, laps seams and
joints. The sealant is applied with a pressure gun and care is taken to avoid getting any gaps or bridges along
the seam joint. The final dimensions of a cross section of the bead must conform to those shown in Figure 4-24.
1H11
316
REINFORCEMENT ANGLE ON SOME
SEALER
DOUBLER ON SOME
BULKHEAD
REINFORCEMENT PLATE ON SOME
SECTION A-A
BEFORE ASSEMBLY
SEAL LINE
.50 MIN.
SAMPLE ONLY ER ASSEMBLY

AFTER ASSEMBLY
Figure 4-21. Faying Surface Seal
Figure 4-22. Joggle Seal

1H12
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
317
BRUSH A- 1/2 CLASS SEALANT ON INSIDE SURFACES
SEAL PLANE
BULKHEAD OR
FLOORBOARD
GE HOLE
WASHER
(2 REQ.)
NUT
Figure 4-23. Holes and Voids Seals
APPLY SEALANT WITH FLOW GUN
DETAIL B
FORMING OF FILLET SEAL
Figure 4-24. Fillet Seal

1H13
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
316
BOLT HEAD
.005 TO .015"
0.60"
NUT AND THREAD
RIVET
Figure 4-25. Bolts and Rivets Seals
CAUTION
Be sure the pressure gun has enough sealant to make a complete
seal at one injection without any break, as stopping and starting
willcause air bubbles in sealand causea poor sealjob.
4-110.SEALING FASTENERS. (Refer to Figure 4-25.) Seal all fasteners installedthrough a seal plane by
filletingaround the fastenersafter installation with a coat of B-2 classsealant.
NOTE
If a bolt or nut is beingsealed, it should be torqued before sealants

set. Tighteningafter sealant sets is not recommended.
4-111. SEALING- AN - STANDARD BULKHEAD FITTINGS. Seal AN fittings passing through the
pressure plain of the bulkhead by cleaning around the seal area and applying sealant to the inside surface
around the hole and installingthe fitting before the sealant sets.
4-112. SEALING ELECTRICALHARNESS.(Refer to Figure 4-26.) These steps are for the main fuselage
and wing harness only. The wire harnessesare sealed at the point where they pass through the pressure
bulkhead.
a. Clean the area of the bulkhead where the seal fittings will seal.
b. Pass the wire bundle through the hole providedin the bulkhead.
c. Place the seal fitting halvesaround the wire harness, on the pressure side of the bulkhead.
d. Fill the groove in the mounting flange of the fitting halves with sealant. (Refer to detail "A" of
Figure 4-26.)
1H14
319
FILLET EXCESS SEALANT

AFTER INSTALLATION
OF FITTING HALVES
DETAIL A
DETAIL B
DETAIL C
MASKING TAPE
1-1 '2" WIDTH
STRING
DETAIL D
Figure 4-26. Wire Harness Seals

1H15
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
FIXED FLOOR
BOARD REMOVABLEFLOORBOARD
COVER PLATE
FOAM RUBBERGASKET ANCHORNUT
Figure 4-27. Floor Board Seals

NOTE
Use enough sealant to assure that sealant extrudes around the
mounting flange after they are secured to the bulkhead.
e. Securethe fitting to the bulkhead with fasteners.
f. Fillet seal the extruded sealant around the sides of the mounting flangeas shown in detail "B" of
Figure 4-26.
g. Put the nozzle of the sealant gun in the center of the wire harness and work sealant throughout
the wires inside the seal fitting as shown in detail "C" of Figure 4-26.
h. Place a strong piece of string against the seal assembly,parallel with the wires.(Refer to detail
"D" of Figure 4-26.)
i. Wrap the fitting halveswith three turns of 1.50 inch wide maskingtape. (Refer to detail "D" of
Figure 4-26.)
j. Crimp the wide maskingtape around the seal assemblyto center the wire harness.
k. Wrap the crimped end with three turns of .750 inch maskingtape. (Refer to detail "D" of Figure
4-26.)
1. Puncture the maskingtape over the most convenient injection hole in the seal fitting and inject
sealant with pressuregun.
m. Apply sealant over seal fitting fastenersin accordancewith Paragraph4-110.
n. Remove tape after sealant has cured (16 to 24 hours) by pulling the rip string and unwindingthe
tape.
o. All other electrical harnesses and wires use O-ring type pressure seal bulkhead connectors per
MIL-C-5015or "Dura-Grom" type seals.

1H16
4-113. APPLICATIONOF RELEASE AGENT. The edges and faying surfaces of removable or hinged
panels shall receive at least two coats of release agent (Polyvinyl Alcohol P.V.A.) prior to the sealant
application, applied approximately .50 inch wider than the mating flange. The panel should be allowed to
air dry between coats. Only removablecovers requiringa formed-in-placegasket shall receivean application
of a release agent. Sealant must be applied to the prepared surface within two hours after the completionof
surface preparation. Surfaces not sealedwithin this time must be prepared again.
CAUTION
Do not use Polyvinyl alcohol as a release agent near acrylic
(Plexiglas)windows.It will craze acrylic plastics.
4-114. SEALINGFORMED-IN-PLACE
GASKETS.
NOTE
This type of seal is used on the lock handle coverof the Radome
of the airplane.
Unless otherwise specified, apply a heavybead of class B-2sealant to the mating surfaces not coated with a
release agent and spread evenly until the coating is approximately .062 inch thick. Whilethe sealant is still
fluid, secure the access cover and smooth the excess sealant flush with the top of the cover.Allow to fully
cure for 48 hours at 75 ° F and 50%relativehumidity. After curing, trim the excess sealant from around the
cover; then pry one corner of the panel open, using care not to damage the gasket, and progressivelyfree
the rest of the panel. Removeall release agent and excesssealant from the panel and mating surface.
NOTE
Releaseagents are removablewith water.
NOTE
Do not pressuretest the fuselageuntil the sealingcompound has
thoroughly cured.
4-115. REMOVALOF SEALANT.(Refer to Figure 4-28.) Whenit is necessaryto removefillets or beads
of sealant because of rework or repair, scrape the sealant off with scrapers made of hardwood or plexiglasas
shown in Figure 4-28.It is necessaryto remove only the major portion of the fillets or beads. After rework,
the area should be cleaned,resealedand tested for leaks.
4-116. EQUIPMENTCLEAN UP. This must be accomplishedwithin three hours after exposure to room
temperature using naptha, Methylethylketoneor Totuol as a cleaningmaterial.
4-117. FIBERGLASS REPAIRS. The repair procedure in this manual will describe the methods for the
repair of fiberglass reinforced structures. Paragraph 4-118describes Touch-up and Surface Repairs such as
blisters, open seams. delaminations, cavities, small holes, and minor damages that have not harmed the
fiberglass cloth material. Paragraph 4-119describes Fracture and Patch Repairs such as punctures, breaks,
and holes that have penetrated through the structure and damaged the fiberglass cloth. A repair kit, part
number 756 729, that will furnish the necessarymaterial for such repairs is available through Piper Aircraft
Distributors.

1H17
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
-- SHARP
BEVELED EDGE
SURFACE
-SHARP EDGE BEVELED
SURFACE
LARGE SEALANT
CUTTING TOOL
SHARP EDGE'
LARGE SEALANT
CUTTING TOOL
SURFACE
-SHARP EDGE
SEALANT REMOVAL TOOL SMALL SEALANT
CUTTING TOOL
NOTE: THE ABOVE TOOLS SHOULD BE MADE OF HARDWOOD TO REDUCE
THE POSSIBILITY OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE.
0.50" APPROX.
0.04" APPROX.
SEALANT SMALL SEALANT LARGE SEALANT
FAIRING TOOL FAIRING TOOL WITH FAIRING TOOL
SPOON TYPE HEAD
NOTE: THESE TOOLS MAY BE MADE OF 1,/4 INCH DIAMETER BRONZE OR

STEEL WELDING ROD AND MAY BE PLATED TO IMPROVE SMOOTHNESS.
Figure 4-28. Fabricated Tools
Reissued: 2/6/81 STRUCTURFS

1H18
NOTE
Very carefully follow resin and catalyst mixing instructions
furnished with repair kit.
4-118. FIBERGLASSTOUCH-UPAND SURFACEREPAIRS.
a. Remove wax, oil, and dirt from around the damaged area with acetone, Methylethylketone or
equivalent and removepaint to gel coat.
b. The damaged area may be scrapedwith a fine blade knife or a power drill with a burr attachment
to roughen the bottom and sides of the damaged area. Feather the edge surroundingthe scratch or cavity.
Do not undercut the edge.(If the scratch or cavity is shallowand penetrates only the surface coat, continue
to Step h.)
c. Pour a small amount of resin into a jar lid or on a piece of cardboard,just enough to fill the area
being worked on. Mix an equal amount of milled fiberglasswith the resin using a putty knife or stick. Add
catalyst, according to kit instruction, to the resin and mix thoroughly. A hypodermic needle may be used
to inject gel into smallcavitiesnot requiringfiberglassmillingsmixed with the gel.
d. Work the mixture of resin, fibers, and catalyst into the damagedarea, using the sharp point of a
putty knife or stick to press it into the bottom of the hole and to puncture any air bubbles which may be
present. Fill the scratch or hole above the surrounding undamagedarea about 0.06 inch.
e. Lay a piece of cellophaneor waxed paper over the repair to cut off air and start the cure of gel
mixture.
f. Allow the gel to cure 10 to 15 minutes until it feelsrubbery to the touch. Removethe cellophane
and trim flush with the surface,using a sharp razor blade or knife. Replacethe cellophaneand allowto cure
completely for 30 minutes to an hour. The patch will shrink slightlybelow the structure surfaceas it cures.
(If wax paper is used, ascertain wax is removed from surface.)
g. Rough up the bottom and edges of the hole with the electric burr attachment or rough
sandpaper.Feather hole into surroundinggel coat, do not undercut.
h. Pour out a small amount of resin; add catalyst and mix thoroughly, using a cutting motion rather
than stirring. Use no fibers.
i. Using the tip of a putty knife or fingertips, fill the hole to about 0.06 inch abovethe surrounding
surface with the gel coat mixture.
j. Lay a piece of cellophane over the patch to start the curing process. Repeat Step f, trimming
patch when partially cured.
k. After trimmingthe patch, immediately place another small amount of gel coat on one edge of the
patch and cover with cellophane. Then, using a squeegeeor the back of a razor blade, squeegeelevel with
area surrounding the patch; leave the cellophane on patch for one to two hours or overnight,for complete
cure.
1. After repair has cured for 24 hours, sand patch area using a sanding block with fine wet
sandpaper. Finish by priming,againsanding and applyingcolor coat.

1H19
4-119. FIBERGLASSFRACTUREAND PATCHREPAIRS.

a. Remove wax, oil. and dirt from around the damaged area with acetone, Methylethylketone or
equivalent.
b. Using a keyhole saw, electric saber saw, or sharp knife, cut away raggededges.Cut back to sound
material.
c. Removepaint three inches back from around damagedarea.
d. Workinginside the structure, bevel the edges to approximately a 30 degree angleand rough sand
the hole and the area around it using 80 grit dry paper. Feather back for about two inches all around the
hole. This roughens the surface for strong bond with patch.
e. Cover a piece of cardboard or metal with cellophane. Tape it to the outside of the structure.
coveringthe hole completely. The cellophane should face toward the inside of the structure. If the repair is
on a sharp contour or shaped area, a sheet of aluminumformed to a similar contour may be placed over the
area. The aluminum should also be covered with cellophane.
f. Prepare a patch of fiberglassmat and cloth to cover an area two inches larger than the hole.
g. Mix a small amount of resin and catalyst, enough to be used for one step at a time, according to
kit instructions.
h. Thoroughly wet mat and cloth with catalyzed resin. Daub resin on mat first, and then on cloth.
Mat should be applied against structures surface with cloth on top. Both pieces may be wet out on
cellophane and applied as a sandwich. Enough fiberglasscloth and mat reinforcementsshould be used to at
least replace the amount of reinforcements removed in order to maintain the original strength. If damage
occurred as a stress crack, an extra layer or two of cloth may be used to strengthen area.
i. Lay patch over hole on inside of structure; cover with cellophane and squeegee from center to
edges to remove all air bubbles and assure adhesion around edge of hole. Air bubbles will show white in the
patch, and they should all be worked out to the edge. Removeexcess resin before it gels on the part. Allow
patch to cure completely.
j. Remove cardboard or aluminum sheet from outside of hole and rough sand patch and edge of
hole. Feather edge of hole about two inches into undamagedarea.
k. Mask area around hole with tape and paper to protect surface. Cut a piece of fiberglassmat about
one inch larger than the hole and one or more pieces of fiberglasscloth two inches larger than the hole.
Brush catalyzed resin over hole; lay mat over hole and wet out with catalyzed resin. Usea daubing action
with brush. Then apply additional layer or layers of fiberglass cloth to build up patch to surface of
structure. Wet out each layer thoroughly with resin.
1. With a squeegee or broad knife, work out all air bubbles in the patch. Work from center to edge,
pressingpatch firmly against the structure. Allow patch to cure for 15 to 20 minutes.
m. As soon as the patch begins to set up, but while still rubbery, take a sharp knife and cut away
extra cloth and mat. Cut on outside edge of feathering. Strip cut edgesof structure. Do this before cure is
complete, to save extra sanding. Allow patch to cure overnight.
n. Using dry 80 grit sandpaper on a power sander or sanding block, smooth patch and blend with
surrounding surface. Should air pockets appear while sanding, puncture and fill with catalyzed resin. A
hypodermic needle may be used to fill cavities.Let cure and resand.
o. Mix catalyst resin and work into patch with fingers. Smooth carefully and work into any crevices.
p. Cover with cellophane and squeegee smooth. Allow to cure completely before removing
cellophane.Let cure and resand.
q. Brush or spray a coat of catalyzed resin to seal patch. Sand patch, finish by priming, again
sanding and applying color coat.
NOTE
Brush and hands may be cleaned in solvents such as acetone or
methylethylketone. If solvents are not available, a strong solution
of detergent and water may be used.
1H20
4-120. REPAINTING WITH POLYTANE ENAMEL. (Polyurethane).
14-121. SCRATCH TOUCH UP ON ALUMINUM SURFACE.

a. 'Feather-Edge' the surface with fine wet or dry sandpaper (400-600 grit).
b. If gouges are deep, fill with polyester or epoxy filler and sand lightly.
c. Apply a coat of epoxy primer (8647/8648). Let dry overnight and sand lightly.
d. Apply Polytane Enamel
4-122. COATING PROCEDURE FOR NEW ALUMINUM PANELS-NON ALODIZED.

a. Thoroughly clean all contaminents from surface-solvent wash with industrial grade MEK or
Titanine Ti-Two Cleaning Thinner.
NOTE
Deoxidiene 624 or equal is recommended but not absolutely

required.
b. Apply V-48 wash primer.

.c. Apply either epoxy primer (8647/8648) or Polytane Urethane Primer (6351).
d. Topcoat with Polytane Enamel.
4-123. COATING PROCEDURE FOR ALODIZED ALUMINUM.

a. Thoroughly clean all contaminents from surface-solvent wash with industrial grade MEK or
Titanine Ti-Two Cleaning Thinner.
b. Apply either epoxy primer (8647/8648) or Polytane Urethane Primer (6351).
c. Topcoat with Polytane Enamel.
4-124. MIXING INSTRUCTIONS FOR PRIMERS AND TOPCOATS.

a. V-48 Washer Primer.
NOTE
Never use Polytane directly over V-48 without an intermediate

primer.
1. Agitate the primer well.

2. Slowly add 1 volume of catalyst while stirring to 4 volumes of primer. DO NOT reverse this
procedure.
3. Reduce the above mixture with 1/2 by volume of LT 327 thinner.
b.
Epoxy Primer (8647/8648):
1. Mix equal volumes of 8647, 8648 and LT 368 reducer. Allow mixture to stand at least 20
minutes before spraying.
NOTE
The pot life of the mixture is 16 hours at 70° - 75° F, and the
approximate spreading rate, 400 square feet per gallon of
mixture (1).
2. Allow to dry overnight before sanding and recoating with Polytane.

c. Polytane 6351 Primer.
1. Mix four volumes of Primer (6351) with one volume of Polytane Catalyst (9600).
2. Reduce this mixture with LT345 Polytane Reducer, Approximately 50%.
Revised:1/5/84
IH21 STRUCTURES
NOTE
One gallon of mixed material will cover approximately 300 square
feet and the pot life of the mixed material is 6-8 hours at 75° F.
3. Allow to dry overnight before light sanding and recoating with Polytane Enamel
4-125. MIXING INSTRUCTIONS FOR POLYTANE ENAMEL.
a. Polytane Enamel all colors:
1. Mix four volumesof Polytane Enamelwith one volumeof Catalyst (9600);up to 10%of LT345
may be added as required for spray application.
2. Spray a mist coat, allow 20 minutes setting time, follow with a full wet coat.
NOTE
Pot life of the mixed material is 8 hours at 75° F. Also allow
Polytane to dry 6 hours minimum before taping.
NOTE
The universal mixing ratio of all colors makesit possibleto intermix
any combination of colors beforecatalyzingthe mixture. This is an
aid to those wishing to mix their own special colors. For product
availability or technical information, contact Piper Customer
Services or Titanine Labratory.
TABLE IV-V. PAINT MATERIALS

Piper Part No. Titanine No. Description
* V 48 Wash Primer Kit

LT 327 Wash Primer Reducer
3022 Ti-Two Cleaning Solvent
170-139 89Q5-A Epoxy Reducer
170-729 8951 Epoxy Primer
170-825 8678 Epoxy Converter
170-735 6351 Polytane Primer
179-141 6350 Polytane Reducer
170-807 6352 Polytane Catalyst
*No Piper Number Assigned.

1H22
ATFRAME AT DOOR
DOORCLOSING
Figure 4-29. Door Snubber Assembly

4-126. CABINDOORSNUBBER.
4-127. DESCRIPTIONAND PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF DOOR SNUBBER. (Refer to Figure
4-29.) The snubber assemblyis a hydraulic cylinder with an orifice type valve on the piston which allows
hydraulic fluid to pass at a predetermined rate during the door opening sequence. When the door is being
closed, the piston is forced into the cylinder and the orifice valve opens to allow a faster flow rate of
hydraulic fluid.
4-128. FILLING SNUBBERASSEMBLY.With the snubber piston collapsed into the cylinder, remove the
plug on the cylinder and fill with MIL-H-5606hydraulic fluid; insert the plug in the cylinder and extend the
piston from the cylinder; work the piston in and out to help remove any trapped air within the cylinder.
Collapse the pistoninto the cylinderand remove the plug; add more fluid as required; then reinsert the plug
in the cylinder.
1H23
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL.
4-129. REMOVALOF DOOR SNUBBER.

a. With the door extended, remove the screws which secure the boot over the lower end of the
snubber.
b. Removethe bolt and locknut which securesthe lower end of the snubber to the cabin door.
c. Removethe bolt which securesthe snubber assemblyto the bracket on the door frame.
4-130. INSTALLATIONOF DOOR SNUBBER.
a. Install the snubber to the bracket on the door frame with bolt previously removed.
b. Install the lower end of the snubber into the bracket on the door and secure with bolt and nut.
c. Securethe boot over the snubber connection on the entrance door.
4-131. CORROSIONCONTROL
4-132. GENERAL. Metal corrosion is the deterioration of the metal by chemical or electrochemicalattack
and can take place internally as well as on the surface. Water or water vapor containingsalt combine with
oxygen in the atmosphere produces the main source of corrosion in aircraft. There are two general types of
corrosion which cover most specific forms. One is direct chemical attack such as spilled battery acid or
fumes from batteries, entrapped caustic solutions and residual flux deposits from inadequately cleaned,
welded, brazed or solderedjoints. The other is electrochemicalattack which is like the electrolytic reaction
which takes place in electroplating, anodizing, or in a dry cell battery. This reaction requires a medium,
usually water, which is capableof conducting a tiny current of electricity. Different areasof the samemetal
surface have varying levelsof electrical potential and if connected by a conductor, such as salt water, will
set up a series of corrosion cells and corrosion will commence. The electrochemical type is the most
common and responsiblefor most forms of corrosion on aircraft structures and component parts. The most
effective method of corrosion control is regularcleaningand surface refinishingto removethe medium and
minute electricalcorrosivecells;this is the basis for effectivecorrosion control.
4-133. FORMSOF CORROSION. There are various forms of corrosion depending on the metal involved,
its size, shape and specific function along with atmospheric conditions and what evercorrosion producing
agents are present.
The followingwill list the most common forms found on airframestructures:
1. SurfaceCorrosion:
This type appears as a general roughening,etching, or pitting of the surface of the metal,
usually accompanied by a powdery deposit of corrosion products. Surface corrosion is caused by
either direct chemical or electrochemicalattack. At times this corrosion may spread under the surface
coating and not be recognized until the paint or plating is lifted off the surfacein smallblisters which
result from the pressureof the underlyingaccumulationof corrosion products.
2. DissimilarMetal Corrosion:
This type of corrosion is also known as galvaniccorrosion because of the electrochemical
principle involved. This electrochemicalattack can be very seriousbecause the action is usually taking
place out of sight and the only way to detect it prior to structural failure is by disassemblyand
inspection.
3. IntergranularCorrosion:
This type of corrosion is an attack of the metal along the grain boundariesof an alloy and
results from the lack of uniformity in the alloy structure. This lack of uniformity is caused by changes
that occur in the aloy during heating and cooling. Intergranular corrosion may exist without visible
surface evidence.This type of corrosion is difficult to detect in its originalstage. Very severecorrosion
of this type may cause the surface of the metal to "exfoliate." This is the flaking or lifting of the
metal at the surface due to delamination of the grain boundaries caused by the pressure of corrosive
residualproduct buildup.
1H24
4. StressCorrosion:
This type of corrosion is the result of combined effects of sustained tensile stressesand
corrosive environments. It usually occurs in assemblies such as aluminum alloy bellcranks with
pressed-in bushings,landinggearshock struts with pipe-thread type greasefittings, clevispin joint, and
shrink fit parts.
5. Fretting Corrosion:
This type of corrosion develops when relative motion of small amplitude takes place
between close fitting components. The rubbing contact destroys the protective film that was present
on the surfaces and eventually removes small particles of virgin metal from the surfaces. These
particles then act as an abrasive, thus preventing the formation of any protective oxide film and
exposes fresh activemetal to the atmosphere.
4-134. CONDITIONS AFFECTING CORROSION. Many things affect the type, cause, speed, and
seriousnessof metalcorrosion. Some of these conditions can be controlled and some cannot.
1. Climate:
The environmental conditions where an aircraft is maintained and operated will greatly
affect the corrosion characteristics.If the location is in an area of hot, moist climate the corrosion
attack is increased considerably more than an area of dry climate. One of the worst conditions would
be in an area near sea water and salt air.
2. Metal Sizeand Type:
Variation in size and shape of metal can indirectly affect its corrosion resistancebecauseof
greater chemical composition variations and cooling-rate differences between the surfaces and centers
of the materials.
3. Foreign Material:
Among the list of foreign materials which contribute to corrosion, the following are the
most frequent offenders:
a. Soil and atmosphericdust.
b. Oil, grease,and engine exhaust residues.
c. Salt water and salt moisture condensation.
d. Spilled battery acids and caustic cleaningsolutions.
e. Welding, brazing and soldering flux residues. It is very important that the aircraft be
kept clean. The frequency of cleaningwill depend on several factors, such as geographical
location, aircraft model and type of operation.
4-135. INSPECTION. Inspection for corrosion should be done on a daily basis due to the fact that
corrosion is a continuing problem. Except for special requirements in trouble areas, inspection for corrosion
should be a part of routine inspections such as daily and preflight.
In addition to the routine inspections the following special requirements should be observed.
1. Aircraft which are operated in and around a marine atmosphere should be given special checks on
a weekly basis.
2. Aircraft which are operated in semi-aridconditions should be givenmonthly inspection checks.
3. Checks and inspection for corrosion should be performed by personnel familiar with corrosion
problems and how to treat them.
a. Daily and preflight inspections should include the engine frontal areas, including all intake
vents, engine compartment gaps, seamsand faying surfacesin the exterior skins, wheeland wheel
well areas, battery compartment, fuel cell drains and any other drains on the aircraft and if
possibleany bilgeareas not requiringextensive removalof inspection accesscovers.
b. Detailed inspection should include the above referenced areas along with areas requiring
removal of screw attached inspection plates and panels to thoroughly inspect the internal cavities
of the aircraft.
1I1
4-136. CORROSIONREMOVALANDCONTROL.
a. Corrosion is a natural phenomenon and to assume that it could be prevented or eliminated is a
dream. In most cases the rate of corrosive attack can be reduced to an acceptable level by proper
control methods.
All corrosion products must be completely removed whenever any rework is started. The
corroding process will continue even though the affected area is refinished.The followingsteps should
be carried out prior to starting any rework.
1. Position the airplane in a wash rack or provide some type of washing apparatus for rapid
rinsing of all surfaces.
2. A static ground line should be connected to the airplane.
3. Removethe airplanebattery if required.
4. Protect the pitot-static ports, engine openings airscoops,louvers,wheels, tires and any other
portions of the airplane from moisture and chemicalbrightening agents.
5. Protect the surfaces next to the rework areas from chemical paint strippers, corrosion
removal agentsand surface treatment materials.
b. Evaluation of the corrosion damage is required after the initial inspection and cleaning to
determine the nature and extent of repairs required. To help in evaluatingthe extent of corrosion the
followingguide lineshave been established:
1. Light Corrosion: This will appear as discoloration or pitting to a depth of approximately
0.001 of an inch maximum, and is normally removed by light hand sanding or small amount of
chemical treatment.
2. Moderate Corrosion: This will appear similar to light corrosion except there could be some
blistering or evidence of scaling and flaking. Pitting depths may be as deep as 0.010 of an inch.
This type of corrosion damage is normally removed by extensive hand sanding or mechanical
sanding.
3. SevereCorrosion: The general appearancemay be similar to moderate corrosion with severe
blistering, exfoliation, scaling and/or flaking.Pitting depths will be deeper than 0.010 of an inch,
and is normally removed by extensive mechanicalsandingor grinding.
c. Corrosion Removal: There are severalstandard methods for corrosion removal.The method used
depends upon the metal and the extent of corrosion. The methods normally used are chemical
treatments, hand sanding with abrasivepaper or metal wool, and mechanicalsanding or buffing with
abrasivemats, or grindingwheels.
In some special cases a particular method may be required, depending upon type and extent of
corrosion. For example, corrosion in a hole may require removal by enlargingthe hole, or abrasive
blasting may be required to remove corrosion from steel fasteners, or irregular shaped parts or
surfaces.
All depressionsresulting from corrosion rework must be faired or blended with the surrounding
surface. This is accomplishedby first removingany rough edges and corrosion from the damagedarea,
and then blending the edges of the reworked area in an elliptical shape with the major axis in the
longitudinal direction. In areaswhich have multiple pits closely spacedthe interveningmaterial should
be removed to minimize surfaceirregularityor waviness.
d. Reprotecting of the repaired areas is very important and should be accomplishedas soon as the
repair work is completed to insure the control of corrosion reappearing at the same area. The surface
should be protected in the same manner as was originally manufactured unless the manufacturer
recommendssome other procedure or protective coating.
112
4-137. RADOME BOOT.
4-138. LIST OF MATERIALS.

a. Radome Boot - 3M No. SJ-8665 FP-I.
b. Marking pen.
c. Sponge or spray bottle.
d. Isopropyl alcohol.
e. Wetting solution: 25% isopropyl alcohol. 75% water, plus 1 teaspoon of liquid detergent (Ivory,
Joy) per gallon of solution.
f. 3M PA-1 plastic squeeze or equivalent.
g. Masking tape - 1/2" wide.
h. Industrial razor blade knife.
4-139. REMOVAL OF RADOME BOOT.

a. Carefully score the top surface of the radome boot with a razor blade knife dissecting the boot into
triangular pie-shaped sections approximately 4" to 6" at the base.
b. Pull sections off at approximately a 180° angle.
c. If adhesive residue remains after removal of film, adhesive may be removed by wiping with a rag
saturated with a mixture of 75% MEK and 25% toluene, and then scraping with the PA-1 plastic applicator.
d. Care should be exercised in the use of this mixture because of possible damage to the radome
surface.
e. An alternate 3M Woodgrain and Stripe Adhesive Remover Part No. 08908 aerosol spray can be
used for removing adhesive residue.
4-140. PREPARATION AND INSTALLATION OF RADOME BOOT.

a. Thoroughly wash repair, primed radome with isopropyl alcohol and wipe dry.
b. Use a marking pen to place an orientation mark (+) on the top center of radome surface.
c. Position'boot. with protective liner still in place, over radome.
1. Rotate to determine optimum fit.
2. On the top center of the boot surface, use a marking pen to trace over the orientation mark (+).
3. Add a vertical orientation mark overlapping the bottom of the boot onto the side of the
radome.
d. Turn boot inside out and place over radome (disregard orientation marks).
1. Carefully remove transparency protective liner. Saturate the exposed adhesive surface with
wetting solution as the liner is being removed to prevent adhesive to adhesive contact. (A sponge or spray
bottle can be used.)
2. After the liner has been removed, make sure that the entire adhesive surface has been saturated
with wetting solution.
3. Remove boot.
4. Now. completely saturate the radome surface with wetting solution.
e. Place the boot over the radome (adhesive side to radome) carefully aligning the orientation marks.
During this step, the boot will be right side in.
f. After proper alignment has been made, squeeze out wetting solution, starting at the top center and
working out and down. Care should be taken to avoid blisters under the boot.
g. If after application of the boot, there appears to be blisters beneath the surface, piercing them with
an ordinary safety pin will relieve the entrapped air or wetting solution so that the blister can be worked out
with the squeegee.
h. Wrap the outside circumference of the boot with 1/ 2" wide masking tape at the desired location.
Trim boot with an industrial razor blade knife being careful not to cut into the radome skin surface.
i. Wash boot with isopropyl alcohol, wipe dry and paint with a suitable polyurethane paint system.

1I3
4-141. INSPECTION OF RADOME BOOT.

a. Inspect for cuts, blisters, perforations, edge lifting, etc. every 100 hours.
b. The boot should be replaced at the first sign of damage. Refer to, Removal of Radome Boot
instructions given in this section.
4-142. EROSION SHOE.
4-143. LIST OF MATERIALS.

a. Erosion Shoe - 3A5124.
b. Cement. EC-1403 or 1300L.
c. Scissors (2" blades with pointed tips).
d. Solvents - Toluol, Methylethylketone.
e. Cloth (clean and lint-free).
f. Paint brushes (one 1 1/2" ").
or 2" and one 1/2
g. 2" sponge roller.
h. 3 or 4 oz. oil can (dirt and oil free).
i. Masking tape (1/2"and I" widths).
j. Flexible straightedge.
k. Hypodermic needle - 22 ga.
l. 1/8"steel stitcher roller.
m. "v" knife.
NOTE
MEK (Methylethylketone) can be used instead of toluol to activate

cement. However. MEK causes very rapid drying and provides only
10 seconds working time for application compared with 40 seconds
for Toluol.
CAUTION
All cements and solvents used are flammable and their fumes
slightly toxic. Therefore, all work should be done in a well ventilated
area away from any sparks or flame.
4-144. GENERAL. Ambient temperature for installation should be between 40°F and 110°F. Humidity
must be below 99% during installation. Longer drying time of cement, coats may be required as humidity
approaches 99%.
EC 1403cement is normally used as received. However, erosion shoes with a tapered trailing edge or shoes
with a gage of less than .060 should be installed with cement diluted with one part MEK to two parts of cement
for smoother, neater installation.
NOTE
Use only clean, lint-free cloths for cleaning and activating cement
coats.
Apply cement coats evenly and uniformly. Cement has reached "proper tack"when it looses "webbiness"
and when touched with back of a finger knuckle, feels sticky but will not pull loose.

114
4-145. REMOVAL OF EROSION SHOE.

a. Squirt a little toluol from clean oil can to soften the adhesion line.
b. Apply minimum amount of solvent while slight tension is applied to the shoe.
c. Allow solvent to do most of the work.
4-146. PREPARATION AND INSTALLATION OF EROSION SHOE.

a. All paint must be removed by using appropriate paint remover or by sanding. (Epoxy-based paint
need only be roughened.) Any holes or dents in the structure must be filled with the appropriate repair material
and sanded. Clean the area to be covered. using MEK or equivalent.
b. Dry fit erosion shoe to the cleaned structure. Position identified "top" surface of erosion shoe on top
surface of structure. Then adjust each side to provide equal distance from the trailing edge of the shoe to the
structure attachment line. Smooth out any wrinkles.
1. Now apply /2" masking tape to the structure, next to the shoe's trailing edge.
c. At the top, draw a mark on the masking tape to correspond with the center line mark on the inside
of the erosion shoe. Repeat at bottom and remove erosion shoe from structure.
d. Apply I" wide masking tape to butt against forward edge of the wide tape previously applied.
Leading edge of 1 tape will now provide the final trim line.
NOTE
Smaller erosion shoes with a distance of less than 10" from the center
to the trailing edge may be installed by applying the 1/2"masking tape
approximately ¼" beyond the shoe trailing edge and need not be
final trimmed.
e. Clean the marked off area thoroughly with MEK or equivalent. For final cleaning, wipe the solvent
film off quickly with a clean cloth before it dries.
1. Now wash the back (rough surface) of erosion shoe with a clean cloth moistened with MEK.
(They are dusted to prevent sticking.) Change cloths frequently to avoid recontamination.
CAUTION
Do both complete cleaning operations at least twice.
f. Thoroughly mix EC 1403(or equivalent) cement before using. Apply one even brush coat to both the
back surface of erosion shoe and the mating structure, up to the masking tape. Allow first coat to air dry a
minimum of 30 minutes. If temperature is below 50°F allow cement to dry at least one hour.
1.. Apply a second cement coat to both surfaces allowing to dry thoroughly for at least one-half
hour (one hour preferred). Apply cement evenly to assure smooth installation.
2. Parts may be cemented up to a maximum of 48 hours before actual installation, if cemented
parts are covered and kept clean.
g. Using a straightedge, draw a line on the structure to connect the upper and lower marks previously
put on the masking tape. (Cement will now be dry and tack free.)
1. Position the shoe on the structure (dry cemented surfaces against each other) so reference lines
coincide. Hold the shoe at its central area. Do not move or change its referenced position as you prepare to
activate the cement.

115
h. Fold back the trailing edge and use a clean, lint-free cloth moistened (not dripping) with toluol, to
activate the cement on the nose or leading edge of the shoe. Activate mating areas, not to exceed one square
foot at a time. Avoid excessive rubbing which could remove cement from surfaces.
i. After cement reaches "proper state of tack" (refer to paragraph 4-145), roll activated part of shoe
against structure with sponge roller. Match reference lines as shoe is rolled down. Use care to prevent trapping
air between shoe and structure. Avoid stretching the shoe; otherwise, difficulty will be encountered around the
lower periphery.
NOTE
When cementing, activating and rolling erosion shoes on radome,

start at the center and work in concentric circles outward.
CAUTION
Avoid twisting or sharp creasing of shoe. Otherwise, cement may be

pulled loose from structure or shoe.
j. Should it be necessary to remove or loosen an installed shoe, squirt a little toluol from clean oil can
to soften the "adhesion" line. Apply only minimum amount of solvent while slight tension is applied to the
shoe. Allow solvent to do most of the work of separating cemented coats because if cement pulls loose from
either the structure or shoe, the area must be re-cemented.
I. Now activate another section adjacent to the bonded area. Be certain to activate cement
immediately adjacent to the bond line, thus assuring complete adhesion throughout installation. When cement
has reached "proper state of tack," roll down thoroughly and continue until shoe is completely attached.
k. Using sponge roller, go over entire surface, applying pressure and rolling from the center line or
leading edge outward to trailing edge of shoe. With steel stitcher roller, roll thoroughly at trailing edge line
where shoe meets the I" tape.
1. Make initial cut into material overlapping the tape, using scissors held at an angle. Using a "v" knife
or pair of scissors with blades opened to form a 'v." neatly trim off excess shoe material overlapping edge of
I" tape. applying light, uniform tension to trim material.
m. If an air pocket or blister is formed, release air by inserting a hypodermic needle at 45° angle or less,
pointed toward center or leading edge. Apply finger pressure on blister to remove air and reroll using steel
stitcher.
1. Remove all masking tape and clean excess cement from structure using MEK, wiping away
from the trailing edge. Prevent solvent from running under and loosening edges of erosion shoe. Restitch shoe
at its trailing edge, using "A" steel stitcher.
2. Inspect complete trailing edge to see that it is firmly bonded.

116
C742
MASKING TAPE
SKETCHA SKETCH C
AHEAD OF SKETCH B
ACTIVATE "V" KNIFE

AT CENTER
SKETCH E
HYPODERMIC
SKETCH D
SKETCH F
Figure 4-30. Erosion Shoe Installation

117
SECTION V
SURFACE CONTROLS
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
5-1. Introduction .............................................................. 1110

5-2. Description and Principle of Operation ....................................... 1110
5-3. Troubleshooting ........................................................... 1110
5-4. Standard Procedures ....................................................... 1110
5-5. Control Column Assembly ....................................... ........... 1111
5-6. Removal of Control Column Assembly .............................. 1111
5-7. Installation of Control Column Assembly ............................ 1117
5-8. Aileron Controls .......................................................... 1120
5-9. Removal of Aileron Control Cables ................................. 1120
5-10. Installation of Aileron Control Cables ............................... 1120
5-11. Rigging and Adjustment of Aileron Controls ......................... 1121
5-12. Removal of Aileron Bellcrank Assembly ............................. 1122
5-13. Installation of Aileron Bellcrank Assembly ........................... 1122
5-14. Aileron Trim Controls ..................................................... 1J
5-15. Removal of Aileron Trim Assembly (Fuselage) ....................... IJ1
5-16. Installation of Aileron Trim Assembly (Fuselage) ..................... 1J1
5-17. Removal of Aileron Trim Assembly (Wing) .......................... 1J2
5-18. Installation of Aileron Trim Assembly (Wing) ........................ 1J2
5-19. Rigging and Adjustment of Aileron Trim ............................ IJ2
5-20. Elevator Controls .......................................................... IJ3
5-21. Removal of Elevator Control Cables ................................ IJ3
5-22. Installation of Elevator Control Cables .............................. 1J4
5-23. Rigging and Adjustment of Elevator Controls ........................ 1J8
5-24. Removal of Elevator Bellcrank Assembly ............................ 1J9
5-25. Installation of Elevator Bellcrank Assembly .......................... 1J11
5-26. Elevator Trim Controls ..................................................... 1J12
5-27. Removal of Forward Elevator Trim Assembly ........................ 1J12
5-28. Installation of Forward Elevator Trim Assembly .................... IJ12
5-29. Removal of Rear Elevator Trim Assembly ........................... 1J13
5-30. Installation of Rear Elevator Trim .................................. 1J13
5-31. Rigging and Adjustment of Elevator Trim ........................... 1J14
5-32. Determining the Friction in the Elevator Control System ............... 1J5
5-33. Rudder Controls ........................................ 1
5-34. Removal of Rudder Control Cables ................................. 1315
5-35. Installation of Rudder Control Cables ................... ............ IJ15
5-36. Rigging and Adjustment of Rudder Controls ......................... 1J18
5-37. Rudder Trim Controls 1 19
5-38. Removal of Forward Rudder Trim Assembly ......................... 1J19
5-39. Installation of Forward Rudder Trim Assembly ....................... 120
5-40. Removal of Rear Rudder Trim Assembly ............................ J20
5-41. Installation of Rear Rudder Trim Assembly .......................... 21
5-42. Rigging and Adjustment of Rudder Trim ............................ J21
5-43. Removal of Rudder Sector ........................................ 1J22
5-44. Installation of Rudder Sector ...................................... 1J22
Revised: 7/2/84
118
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
5-45. Rudder Pedal Assembly ........................................................................... 1J22

5-46. Removal of Pedal Assembly ....................... .................................... J22
5-47. Installation of Pedal Assembly........................................................ 1J23
5-48. Rigging and Adjustment of Rudder Pedals ........................................... 1K1
5-49. Trim Indicators ................................................................... ............ 1K1
5-50. Adjustment of Trim Indicators....................... ..................................
5-51. Forward Trim Mechanism ............................................................. 1K1
5-52. Removal of Forward Trim Mechanism .............................................. 1K3
5-53. Installation of Forward Trim Mechanism ............. ........................ 1K3
5 54 Trim Drum .................................................................. .............. 1K3
5-55. Wrapping the Trim Drum ..................................... ........................ K3
5-56. Wing Flap Controls (Piper System).............................................................. 1K4
5-57. Removal of Flap Actuator Motor. ..................................................... 1K4
5-58. Installation of Flap Actuator Motor .................................................. K5
5-59. Removal of Flexible Actuator Shaft ................................................... 1K5
I 5-59a. Inspection of Flexible Actuator Shaft ................................................ 1K5
5-60. Installation of Flexible Flap Actuator Shaft .......................................... 1K5
5-61. Removal of Flap Transmission Assembly ......... ............................. K7
5-62. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Flap Transmission ............................. 1K7
5-63. Installation of Flap Transmission Assembly.......................................... 1K7
5-64. Removal of Flap Position Sender .............. ........... ................ 1K7
5-65. Installation of Flap Position Sender. .................................................. 1K8
5-66. Rigging and Adjustment of Flap .............. ............................ 1K8
5-67. Rigging and Adjustment of Flap Position Sender .................................... IK9
5-68. Adjustment of Flap Selector Switches ................. ............................. K9
5-69. Inspection of Time Delay Switch Operation ......................................... 1K9
5-70. Wing Flap Controls (Calco System) ............. ............................................... 1K11
5-71. Description and Operation ................................ ....................... 1K11
5-72. Removal of Flap Actuator Motor ..................................................... 1K11
5-73. Disassembly of Flap Actuator Motor ................. ...............
1K13
5-74. Service of Flap Actuator Motor ........................................ ............... 1K13
5-75. Assembly of Flap Actuator Motor ...... ........... .................................. 1K15
5-76. Installation of Flap Actuator Motor ............................................. 1K15
5-77. Removal of Flexible Actuator Shaft .............................. 1K16........ 1K16
5-78. Installation of Flexible Actuator Shaft ................................... .......... K16
5-79. Removal of Flap Transmission ....................................................... 16
5-80. Deleted.
5-81. Service of Flap Transmission. ......................................................... 1K16
5-82. Deleted
5-83. Functional Test of Flap Transmission ................................................ 1K18
5-84. Installation of Flap Transmission .......................................... 1
5-85. Removal of Flap Control Box (Selector) ......... .................................... 1K18
5-86.
thru Deleted
5-89.
5-90. Installation of Flap Control Box (Selector) .......................................... 1K19
5-91. Removal of Flap Control Amplifier ................................................... 1K19
5-92. Installation of Flap Control Amplifier ................................................ 1K19
5-93. Rigging and Adjustment of Flaps ..................................................... 1K19
5-94. Electrical System Functional Test Procedure ........................................ 1L1
Appendix Control Cable Inspection - Standard Procedures ..................................... 1L18
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 119

SECTIONV
SURFACECONTROLS
5-1. INTRODUCTION.This section explains the removal, installation, riggingand adjustmentprocedures

for the various control surfacesof the airplane.The different control surfacesdo not haveto be removed in
order of paragraphs in this section, since each paragraphdescribesthe individualremovaland installation of
each control surface.A troubleshootingchart is located at the end of this section.
5-2. DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. The primary flight controls are of the
conventional type, operated by dual-control wheels and rudder pedals.On the forward end of each control
column is a tube and sprocket assembly.A chain is wrapped around the sprockets to connect the right and
left controls. Over an additional sprocket on the left assembly is a chain that connects to cables that
operate the aileron bellcrank and push-pull rods. Also on each control column is a roller assemblythat
connects through links to control arms, a torque tube and a sector assembly.Attached to the sector are
control cables that operate the elevatorbellcrank and push-pullrod. Attached to the left set of rudder pedal
arms are control cables that lead to the rudder sector. The rudder pedals also control the action of the
brakes and the nose wheel steering. For coordinated action of the rudder and ailerons, their control cables
are interconnected through a cable spring system. The aileron, elevator, and rudder trim controls are
mounted on the pedestal along with position indicators for each trim system. As the controls are moved at
the pedestal, they rotate cable wrapped drums below the floorboards and in turn activate the particular
trim system desired. A mechanicalindicatingsystem is used to show the position of each trim tab. The wing
flap system consists of a three position flap selector switch, a reversible permanent magnet motor that
supplies power to operate the flaps through flexible driveshafts to transmissionassembliesin the trailing
edge of each wing. As the flaps are extended or retracted, a sender unit located in the left wing transmits a
signalto a flap position indicator mounted in the instrument panel. Incorporated in the flap system is an
approach position that allows the pilot to automatically select 15 degrees of flap extension by placingthe
selector switch in the approach position. As the flaps are extended, an arm mounted on the sender unit
shaft contacts a switch to limit flap extension to the approach position. A time delay switch in the flap
system prevents an excessiveasymmetric extension of flaps under the condition that the left flap fails to
move from either completely retracted or extended position.
5-3. TROUBLESHOOTING. Troubles peculiarto the control systemsare listedin Table V-III at the end of
this section along with their probable causes and suggested remedies.
5-4. STANDARDPROCEDURES.The followingtips may be helpful in the removaland installation of the
variousassemblies:
a. It is recommended, though not always necessary,to level and place the airplaneon jacks during
riggingand adjustment of controls.
b. Remove turnbuckle barrelsfrom cable ends before withdrawingcablesthrough structures.
c. Tie a cord to the cable end before drawing the cable through the structures to facilitate
reinstallationof cable.
d. Turnbuckle stations are givenat neutral position.
e. Whenreferring to marking cable ends, etc., before disconnecting,a felt marker may be used.
Reissued:2/6/81 SURFACE CONTROLS
1110
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
f. When turnbuckles have been set to correct cable tension, no more than three threads should be
exposed from either end of the turnbuckle barrel.
g. Cable tensionshould be taken with the appropriate surfacecontrol in its neutral position.
NOTE
Whenever the elevator control system is serviced, a friction check
of the system must be accomplished in accordance with
instructions given in Section IV, Paragraph 4-95 of this manual.
h. Be certain that all cable guard pins are installed in their proper location, and are not interfering
with control cable travel.
i. When installing rod end jam nuts refer to Figure 5-2 for proper installation method.
5-5. CONTROL COLUMN ASSEMBLY.
5-6. REMOVAL OF CONTROL COLUMN ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-1.)

a. To remove either control wheel (43) with tube (27 or 44), proceed as follows:
1. Mark the control tube (27 or 44), ring (26), and collar (21) in relation to their location
around the roller fitting (23).
2. Cut the wire (24) that safeties the cap bolts (25) that secure the control tube (27 or 44) and
ring (26) to the roller fitting (23). Remove the cap bolts from the fitting.
3. Slide the control tube from the roller fitting and ring and draw the tube from the
instrument panel. Hold the square tube (31) assembly so that it will not fall.
b. The square tube (31) assembly may be removed and disassembled by the following procedure:
1. Remove the cotter pins (33) and bolt assemblies (32) that join the links (30) with the
control arm (11 and 13, or 16 and 18).
2. Remove the bolt assembly (35) that joins the forward end of the square tube (31) with the
flexible joint (36) of the sprocket assembly. Remove the square tube assembly from behind .the instrument
panel.
3. The square tube assembly may be disassembled by first removing the collar (34) from the
tube (31). Draw the tube from the roller fitting (23).
4. Cut the wire (24) that safeties the cap bolts (59) that secure the collar (21) to the roller
fitting (23). Remove the bearing housing (22) from the fitting.
5. Disassemble the rollers (61) from the fitting. Note the number and location of the spacer
washers (64).
c. The sprocket assembly may be removed from the bulkhead and disassembled by the following
procedure:
1. Disconnect one of the two turnbuckles (41) that connect the horizontal roller chains (40
and 42). Remove the outboard chain guard (72) from the inside of the sprocket housing (75). Unwrap the
chain from the sprocket that is to be removed.
2. If the left sprocket assembly (75) is to be removed, first remove the floor panel located between
the control pedestal and left side of the fuselage. Loosen one of the aileron cable turnbuckles to relieve tension
from the vertical roller chain (52). Disconnect one end of the chain where it attaches to the control cable and
unwrap the chain from the sprocket.
3. Remove the cap bolts (39) that attach the sprocket housing to the bulkhead and remove the
housing.
4. To disassemble the sprocket assembly, remove the bolt that secures the sprocket to the
sprocket stud (74). Use a Kaynar wrench (P/N WI 0-3) to remove the hex nut.
Kaynar MFG. Co. Inc., P.O. Box 3001
Fullerton, California 92634
(714) 871-1550
5. Slide the sprocket stud from the sprocket housing (75).
Revised: 1/5/84 SURFACE CONTROLS

1I11
TABLEV-I.CONTROLSURFACETRAVELAND CABLETENSION
AILERON AND AILERON TRIM TAB NOTE: Trim Tab Travel with
Aileron in Neutral Position
A. 15° 1°
B. 20° 1
C. 24°" 1
D. 14° 1
Cord Line Level (Neutral Position)
.110 TOTAL PLAY

CONTROL WHEEL
SEE NOTE 1.
NOTE:
NEUTRAL
1. The maximum total play with the sprocket
and interconnect chain locked. 8.75
2. Rollers .060 NEUTRAL
Universal .060
SEE NOTE 2
MEASURED FROM
INSTRUMENT PANEL
FLAP
°
NOTES
15 + 1 APPROACH
1. MEASURECABLETENSION
40 ° + 1 ° down NEAR THETURNBUCKLESUSED
TO ADJUSTTENSION.
PA-31T & 2. 23 * 1 POUNDSTENSIONON
CABLETENSIONS PA-31T PA-31T1 PA-31T2 EARLIERMODELSAND 10 ± 1
POUNDSTENSIONON MODELS
Aileron 35 lb +±2 Ibs 35 IbS+ 2 Ibs 36 lbs 2 lbs WITH SERIALNUMBERS31T-
Aileron Trim Tab 14 lbs 2 lb 14lb 2 lb 14 lb t 2 lbs
Elevator 20 lbe ± 2 lbs 21 lbs 2 lbs 35 lbst 2 lbs 7920053,31T-8020001AND UP.
ElevatorTrim Tab 14 lbs t 2 lbs 14 lbs 2 lbs 14 lbs 2 Ib
Rudder 25 lbs + 2 lbs 26 lbs t 2 lbs 26 lbs t 2 Ibs 3. WHEN ADJUSTINGELEVATOR
Rudder Trim Tab 14 lbs+ 2 lbs 14 lbs ± 2 lb 14 lbs . 2 lbs CABLETENSION,HOLD UP OR
SAS Actuator See Note2
andNote4 See Note 4 PLACEA BLOCK UNDERBOB
WEIGHT,IF INSTALLEDPRIORTO
CHECKINGCABLE TENSIONS.
4. PA-31TMODELSWITH BOB
WEIGHTSINSTALLED,CABLE
TENSIONSHOULDBE 10 1 LBS.
SURFACE CONTROLS 1112 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

so4 TABLEV-I.CONTROLSURFACETRAVEL ANDCABLETENSION
ELEVATOR AND ELEVATOR TRIM TAB
NOTES:
1. Trim Tab Neutral Position is Tab

Trailing Edge even with trailing
edge of the Elevator, with
Elevator in Neutral Position.
2. Trim Tab Free Play Must Not

Exceed 10 of an inch. Refer To
Section IV For Procedure.
RUDDER AND RUDDER TRIM TAB NOTE: Trim Tab Travel with
Rudder in Neutral Position
NOTE: On aircraft models with serial

numbers 31T-7400002 through 31T-
8020007 and 31T-7804001 through
31T-8004008. refer to the latest
revision of Piper Service Bulletin
Number 674 for additional infor- Chord Line Level (Neutral Position)
mation on trim tab rigging.
RUDDER PEDAL
Revised: 9/23/81 SURFACECONTROLS

1113
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLE V-I. ELEVATOR TRIM DRUM AND CABLE SPECIFICATIONS
Drum Part No. Cable Part No. Length of Cable Cable end positions on drum after
and Location and Length End 1 at start wrapping
of wrapping
51288-2 80420-2 125.5 inches End 1= 18.0 inches longerthan

Left hand 260.00 inches End 2. (See Note)
51288-3 4173446 164.75 inches End 1 44.6 inches longerthan

Right hand 312.25 inches End 2.
51288-5 4173448 174.75 inches End I =54.5 inches longerthan

Right hand 322.12 inches End 2.
when Auto-
pilot is
installed
NOTE: End 1 has the right hand

turnbuckle terminal.
d. To remove the torque tube (14) assembly,use the followingprocedure:

1. With the floor panel removed from between the control pedestal and the left fuselageside
0
panel and the links (30) disconnected from between the control tube housing (22) and the torque tube
arms (11, 13, 16and 18),loosen one of the elevatorcontrol cable turnbuckles enough to relievecable tension.
2. Remove the bolts and roll pins (10 and 17) that secure the elevator control sector (8) and
the right set of control arms (16 and 18) to the torque tube (14).
3. Loosen the bolts (20) that secure the right tube bearing (19).
4. Slide the tube (14) to the right and remove the control sector (8) from the tube. If desired,
the cables may be removedfrom the sector.
5. Slide the tube from the left bearing(15), lower the left end of the tube and slide it from the
right bearing (19).
6. The control arms and bearingsmay be removed,if desired.
e. The control tube guide located on the right side of the instrument panel may be removed by
removingthe assemblycover(49) and the screwsthat secure the housing(47).
Reissued: 2/6/81 SURFACECONTROLS

1114
1113
1 PIN. CABLE GUARD 30. LINK ASSY SS CAP BOLT

2. BOLTASSY 31. SQUARE TUBE 60. WASHER
3 BRACKET.MOUNTING 32. BOLT ASSY 61 ROLLER
4 BUSHING 33. COTTERPIN 62. BLOCK
S PULLEY 34. COLLAR STOP 63. BEARING
PIN. CABLE GUARD 361 BOLT ASSY 64 WASHER.SPACER
7 PLATE CABLE ATTACH 3I UNIVERSALASSY 65. OLT ASSY
I SECTOR.CONTROL 37 HOUSING. SPROCKET 66 ANGLE
9 BOLT ASSY 38 SCREW 67 BUSHING.ECCENTRIC
10 BOLT ASSY AND ROL PIN 39 CAP BOLT 68IPLATE. UNK
11 ARM, CONTROL LO 40. CHAIN RIGHT 69BLOCK. CHAIN
12 BOLTASSY AND ROLL PIN 41 TURNBUCKLE 70. PIN LINK
13 ARM. CONTROL Ll. 42. CHAIN LEFT 71 CABLE END
14 TUBE.TORQUE 43. CONTROLWHEEL 72. GUARD. CHAIN
IS BEARNG. BLOCK 44.CONTROL TUBE. LEFT 73. BUSHING
16 ARM. CONTROL RI. 4 SCREW.,ADJUSTMENT 74 BOLT ASSY
17 BOLTASSY AND ROLL N 46 BLOCK 75 HOUSING. SPROCKET
1. ARM. CONTROL R 0 47 HOUSING, GUIDE ASSY 76. BUSHING
19. BEARING.BLOCK 48 SCREW 77. NUT.KAYNAR
20 BOLT ASSY 49 COVER 78 WASHERS
21 COLLAR. CONTROLSHAFT 50. SPROCKET 79 BULKHEAD
22 HOUSING.BEARING 51. LINKASSY 80. SHIM 032
23 FITTING.ROLLER 52. CONTROL CABLE. AILERON 81 SHIM 012
24 SAFETYWIRE 53 CONTROL CABLE. AILERON 82. SUPPORTFITTING* SEE NOTE
25 CAPBOLT 54 CHAIN. AILERON 83. BOLT ASSY - SEE NOTE
26 RING.CONTROL TUBE 55. PLATE. CABLE ATTACH 84 SPUR GEAR. -SEE NOTE
27 CONTROLTUBE, RIGHT 56 BUSHING 88 ARM. BOBWEIGHT - SEE NOTE
28 BOLT 57. COLLAR 86. STOP,BOBWEIGHT - SEENOTE
29 SAFETYWIRE 58.NUT 87 BOBWEIGHT - SEENOTE
91 GEAR BUSHING - SEE NOTE
NOTE
USED ON PA-31T WITH SERIAL NUMBERS 31T-7920053. 31T-2020001 AND UP. PA-31T1. AND PA-31T2
Figure 5-1 Control Column Installation.

1115
147 175
SKETCH B
SKETCH A
349 350
79 80 72 81 73 74 75
38
50
SKETCHC SKETCH D
Figure 5-1. Control Column Installation (cont.)
Reissued: 2/6/81 SURFACE CONTROLS

1I16
f. The control tube guide and lock assembly, located on the left side of the instrument panel may
be removed by removing the assembly cover (49), and the four nuts (58) which hold the bushing (56) and
collar (57) to the panel.
5-7. INSTALLATION OF CONTROL COLUMN ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-1.)

a. Installation of the control column torque assembly may be accomplished by the following
procedure:
1. Attach the left torque bearing (15) to its mounting bracket and secure. Slide the left set of
control arms (11 and 13) on the torque tube (14); install roll pins with bolts (12) and tighten bolts to a
standard torque. Lubricate the bearing.
2. Place the right torque bearing (19) in position and tighten nuts only enough to hold the
bearing from dropping. Lubricate the bearing.
3. Slide the right set of control arms (16 and 18) on the torque tube (14) and insert the right
end of the tube through the right bearing (19).
4. Raise the left end of the tube enough to insert the end of the tube in the left bearing (15).
5. Slide the tube to the left and at the same time install the control sector (8), with cables
attached, on the end of the tube. With the sector and arms in position, install roll pins and bolts (10 and
12) in the control sector and right set of control arms. Tighten sector, control arm and bearing bolts to a
standard torque.
6. Reconnect elevator cable turnbuckle and set cable tension.
b. The aileron chain sprocket assembly may be assembled and installed by the following procedure:
1. Position the sprocket (50) in the housing, spacer bushing (76) (right only) and slide the stud
in place. Insert bolt (74) through the sprocket and stud; install nut (77) and tighten to a standard torque.
Use Kaynar wrench, P/N W10-3.
Kaynar MFG, Co. Inc., P.O. Box 3001
Fullerton, California 92634
(714) 871-1550
NOTE
The left sprocket must be placed in its housing to allow the

sprocket to rotate 180° from stop to stop.
2. Attach the sprocket assembly to the bulkhead and torque.

3. Position the horizontal roller chain (40 and 42) around the right and left sprocket and
temporarily connect turnbuckles. Check chain tension and correct position after both control wheels are
installed.
4. Install chain guard (72) inside sprocket housing (75).
5. If the left sprocket assembly was removed, wrap the vertical chain around the sprocket and
connect the chain to the control cable end. Ascertain that when the sprocket is centered between stops the
roller chain is centered. Set elevator cable tension and safety turnbuckle.
c. The square tube (31) assembly may be assembled and installed by the following procedure:
1. Slide the square tube (31) in the roller housing (23).
2. Install the rollers (61) and washers (60) on the roller housing and adjust with the use of the
eccentric bushings in each roller to allow .003 of an inch between the square tube and rollers. Finish by
installing angles (66) shimmed with spacer washers (64) as required, and tighten bolt assemblies to a
standard torque. Recheck clearance between rollers and square tube and lubricate the rollers.

1117
DAMAGE
HERE
DAMAGE
HERE
IMPROPERTOOL (RESULTINGIN LOCKEDBALL)
A SPECIAL WRENCH MAY BE

REQUIRED WITH A LONG THROAT
ONLYCORRECT METHOD
Figure 5-2. Correct Method of Installing Rod End Bearings

1I18
3. Install the bearing housing (22) with bearings (63) on the roller housing. Install collar (21)
and cap bolts (59). Rotate the collar tight against the bearing housing, tighten cap bolts and safety.
4. Ascertain that the four nylon guides (62) are installed and safetied.
5. Slide the collar (34) on the forward end of the square tube.
6. Place the square tube assembly in position and connect it to the flexible joint (36) of the
sprocket assembly. Install bolt assembly and secure.
d. Attach the right control tube guide block (47) to the front (face) side of the instrument panel.
Tighten the two top attachment screws and leave the two bottom screws (48) loose until the final
adjustment is made.
e. Attach the left control tube guide block (47) and lock assembly by positioning the collar (57)
onto the studs, being sure the slotted end is toward the center control pedestal. Install the bushing (56)
with the holes in a vertical position and secure the complete assembly with four nuts (58). Leave the two
bottom nuts (58) loose until the final adjustment is made.
f. To install the control wheel, the following procedure may be used:
1. Slide the tube guide cover (49) on the control tube and insert the tube through the
instrument panel.
2. Place the ring (26) over the end of the control tube and slide the end of the tube over the
end of the roller fitting. Install cap bolt (25), torque and safety.
3. Check that when the left sprocket (50) is centered between its stops, the control wheel will
also be centered. If the control wheel does not center, it may be necessary to remove the cap bolts (25) and
rotate the control tube (44) on the roller housing (23) or remove the bolt (35) that joins the square tube
(31) and flexible joint (36), and rotate the tube 180° . Reinstall bolts, torque and safety.
g. Adjust the control wheel tube slides (46) at the instrument panel by tightening the adjustment
screw (45) to remove any play in the tube without restricting normal tube movement.
h. Adjust the horizontal roller chain so that when the left control wheel is held solid, in center
position, the right wheel will also be centered with no play. Safety turnbuckles (41) and secure chain guard
(72) in the sprocket housing (75).
i. Used on PA-31T with Serial Numbers 31T-7920053, 31T-8020001 and up, PA-31TI and PA-31T2,
rig the bobweight as follows:
1. With control wheels in their neutral position, the center of the bolt A (refer to Figure 5-3)
must be in line with the edge of the bracket.
j. Check control operation.
NOTE
WITH CONTROL WHEELS

NEUTRAL,CENTERBOLT "A"
WITH EDGE OF BRACKETAS
SHOWN. A
Figure 5-3. Rigging Bobweight
Revised: 9/23/81
1119
5-8. AILERONCONTROLS.
5-9. REMOVALOF AILERONCONTROLCABLES.(Referto Figure 5-4.)

a. Carefully removethe left floorpanels locatedforwardof themain spar and the left floor panelbehind
the main spar.
b. If the right or left balancecable ( 15or 22) is to be removed,carefullyremovethe center floor panel aft
of the main spar.
c. Removethe accessplates locatedunder the wing,along the trailingedge, at wing station 151.50and
178and the aft plate locatedon the filletfairing betweenthe fuselageand wing.
d. To removethe rightor left primarycontrol cables (16 and 23), the followingproceduremay be used:
1. Mark one set of cable ends to facilitateinstallation,and separatethe aileroncontrol cablesat the
turnbuckles(17) withinthe fuselage.
2. Loosen the turnbuckle,separatingthe ends at the forwardend of the aileron bellcrank.
3. Remove the cable guard pins at wing stations29 and 150and withinthe fuselageat station164.50
and 168.50.Also removethe fairleads at fuselage.
4. Draw the cable back throughthe fuselage,throughthe wing and out through the accesshole at the
aileronbellcrank.
e. Removal of the right balancecable (15) maybe accomplishedby the followingprocedure:
1. Loosen the turnbuckle,separatingthe turnbuckleends at the aft end of the aileronbellcrank(1).
2. Separatethe right and left balancecables at the cable ends (18) at fuselage station 171.25.
3. If not previouslyaccomplished,remove the cable guard pins at wing stations29 and 150 and
fuselagestation 171.25.
4. Draw the cable through the wing into the fuselage.
f. The left balancecable (22) may be removedby the followingprocedure:
1. Loosen the turnbuckle,separatingthe turnbuckleends at the aft end of the aileronbellcrank(24).
2. If not previouslyaccomplished,separatethe right and left balance cables at the cable ends(18) at
fuselagestation 171.25.
3. Removethe accesspanelson the aft section of the fuselageand disconnectthe interconnecting
cables(20 and 21 ) that lead to the ruddercables, at the turnbuckles(26) at station 283.
4. If not previouslyaccomplished,removethe cable guardpins at wing station29 and 150 and
fuselagestations 172.50and 171.25.
5. Draw the cable from the winginto the fuselage.
6. Removed-e the cable guardpins at fuselagestations242.50and 274.92.
7. Draw the interconnectingcables forwardthrough the fuselage.
5-10.INSTALLATIONOF AILERONCONTROLCABLES.(Referto Figure 5-4.)

a. The right or left primarycontrolcables(16 or 23) may be installedby the followingprocedure:
1. From the accesshole at the aileronbellcrank,draw the control cable throughthe wing into the
fuselageand then forwardthroughthe fuselage.
2. Connectthe controlcable turnbuckleends at the forwardend of the aileronbellcrank.
3. Connectthe controlcable turnbuckleend to the forwardcontrolcable turnbucklewithinthe
fuselage.
4. If balancecable is installed,install the cable guard pins at wing stations29 and 150 and fuselage
stations164.50and 168.50.Also install the fairleadsat fuselagestation 137.
b. The right balancecable (15) may be installedby the followingprocedure:
1. Ascertainthat the right and left balancecables(15 and 22) are connected,if the left cable(22) is
installed.
Interim Revision: 3/13/90 SURFACE CONTROLS
1120
2. Drawthe cable from the fuselageinto the wing and attachthe turnbuckleat the aft end of the
aileron bellcrank(1).
3. Withthe aileron primarycable (16) installed,install the cable guard pins at wing stations29 and
150 and fuselagestation 171.25.
c. The left balancecable (22)may be installedby the followingprocedure:
1. Connectthe right and left balancecablesat the cable ends (18) at fuselagestation 171.25.
2. Drawthe interconnectingcables(20 and 21) to the rudder back throughthe fuselageand connect
the cable ends to the rudder takeoffcable ends at the turnbuckles(26) at station283.
3. Installcable guard pins at fuselagestations242.50 and 274.92.
4. Drawthe balancecable from the fuselagethrough the wing and attach the turnbucklesat the aft
end of the aileron bellcrank(24).
5. Installcable guard pins at fuselagestations171.25and 172.50and withinthe wing at stations29
and 150.
d. Set cable tension per Table V-Iand checkcontrolcable riggingand adjustmentper Paragraph5-11.
e. Install and seal accessplates and panels.
5-11.RIGGINGAND ADJUSTMENTOF AILERONCONTROLS.(Referto Figure 51.)

a. To rig the aileron controls,set the rightand left aileronbellcranksin neutral positionby attachingan
aligningtool withinboth wings as shownin Figure5-5. (This tool may be fabricatedfrom dimensionsgiven in
Figure5-33.) The tool is used by the followingprocedure:
1. Removethe accessplates to the aileron bellcranksat wing station 178.
2. Removethe cotter pin and nut that securesthe forwardturnbucklesfork end to the bellcrank(1
and 24). The bolt shouldnot be removed.
3. Insertthe tool betweenthe bellcrankmountingbrackets and over the end of the bolt from which
the nut wasremoved.(It may be necessaryto loosenone of the primarycontrol cablesor the balancecable.)
4. Positionthe tool so that it fits tight againstthe outboardside of the bellcrankstop block (54)
5. Clampthe tool to the lower supportbracket with a small "C" clamp. Place a smallblock of wood
or similar materialbetweenthe clamp and lower bracketso as not to damagethe bracketor bend the turnededge
that is aroundthe bracketlighting hole.
b. Check or adjustthe aileronfor neutralpositionby the followingprocedure:
1. Place a modified straightedge,as shownin Figure 5-6 againstthe undersideof the wing,next to
and outboardof the rowof rivets at station 189 with the aftend of the tool even with the trailingedgeof the
aileron.(This tool maybe fabricatedfrom dimensionsgivenin Figure 5-32.) Do not place tool over rivets.
2. Withthe bellcrankin neutral and the forwardedge of the tool and spacercontactingthe wing,the
trailingedge of the aileron shouldmake contactwith the aft end of the tool.
3. Shouldthe three points not contact,loosenthe jam nuts (45 and 51) of the controlrod ends (44
and 50) and rotate the rod (25) until the three contactpoints touchthe skin surfaces.Tightenthe rod end locknuts.
c. With the bellcrankin neutral position,adjustcable tensionas givenin Table V-Ito maintainneutral
center alignmentof control wheels.Carefullyremovethe floor panel to the left of the controlpedestal.Alternately
adjust the primaryand balance cable turnbuckles(2) at the bellcrankswith the turnbuckles(17) withinthe
fuselage.Cable tensionshould be taken at the non-rigidprimary controlcable. Safetyturnbuckles.

1121
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
d. To adjust the interconnecting cables between the aileron and rudder cables, first ascertain that
the cable tension has been set for both the aileron and rudder cables. Ascertain that the aileron and rudder
controls and surfaces are neutral, then remove the access panel at the aft section of the fuselage and adjust
the interconnecting cable turnbuckles (26) at station 283 so that the springs (28) will extend .060 of an
inch from their relaxed position.
e. Place a bubble protractor on the inboard section of the aileron and establish neutral or zero on
the protractor. Remove the tools holding the aileron bellcranks in neutral; replace the nuts and safety them.
Adjust the bellcrank stop bolts (52) to the specific aileron travel from neutral as given in Table V-I. Stops
of both bellcranks should contact their stop blocks at the same time and before the control wheel contacts
its stops.
NOTE
If provisions are provided for safety wiring the nut and screw on the
aileron bellcrank assembly, safety wire with MS20995-C32 as shown
in Figure 5-10.
f. Check control operation, bolts and turnbuckles for safety and installation of cable guard pins.
g. Install access plates and panels.
5-12. REMOVAL OF AILERON BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-4.)

a. Remove the access plate to the bellcrank assembly.
b. Relieve cable tension from the control system by rotating one of the turnbuckles (2) attached to
the bellcrank (1 or 24).
c. Disconnect the turnbuckle ends (47 and 48) from the forward and aft ends of the bellcrank ( 1or 24).
d. Disconnect the aileron control rod (25) at the bellcrank.
e. Remove the pivot bolt (55) securing the bellcrank and remove the bellcrank from the wing.
f. The stop block (54) may be removed by unbolting and removing from the wing.
5-13. INSTALLATION OF AILERON BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-4.)

a. Place the bellcrank (1 or 24) in its mounting bracket with the adjustable stops toward the
outboard end of the wing.
b. Install the pivot bolt (55) and torque.
c. Install the aileron control rod (25), secure bolt assembly (49) and safety.
d. Connect the turnbuckle ends (47 and 48) to the bellcrank (1 or 24), secure and safety.
NOTE
The aft end of the bellcrank and balance cable end is painted red
to help facilitate proper hookup. Do not tighten turnbuckle fork
ends on bellcrank so tight that the ends cannot rotate.
e. Install stop block (54) and torque bolts.

f. Check aileron rigging and adjustment as per Paragraph 5-11.
g. Install access plate and secure.

1122
1. BELLCRANK, RIGHT
2. TURNBUCKLE
3. ROD, AILERON CONTROL
4. TRIM SCREW ASSY.
5. ROD,TRIM CONTROL
6. PULLEY CLUSTER
7. PULLEY CLUSTER
8. FAIRLEAD
9. TRIM CABLE
10. TURNBUCKLES
II TRIM CABLE
12. TRIM SCRW ASSY.
13. RUB BLOCK
14. PULLEY
15. CABLE, BALANCE (R)
16. CABLE, CONTROL (R)
17. TURNBUCKLE
18. CABL ENDS
19. RUB BLOCK
20. INTERCONNECTING CABLE (R)
21. INTERCONNECTING CABLE (L)
NOTE
BE SURE THE CABLE IS
ROUTED BETWEEN THE
CABLE GUARD AND THE
PULLEY.
I
Figure 5-4. Aileron and Aileron Trim Controls

1123
1045 A 175
SKETCH
B SKETCHC
179
179
SKETCHB
SKETCHD SKETCHE
109
35 37
SKETCHF SKETCHG
Figure 5-4. Aileronand AileronTrim Controls(cont.)
1124
5-14. AILERON TRIM CONTROLS.
5-15. REMOVAL OF AILERON TRIM ASSEMBLY (FUSELAGE). (Refer to Figure 5-4.)
NOTE

the location of various components in the PA-31T, PA-31TI and
a. Remove the right and left pilot's seat and the right row of seats within the cabin.
b. Carefully remove the floor panel aft of the control pedestal, and the right panels fore and aft of the
main spar.
c. Relieve cable tension from the aileron cables by loosening one of the turnbuckles (17) in the fuselage
at station 100.
d. Remove the aft access plate on the right fillet fairing located between the fuselage and wing. Remove
the aileron and aileron trim pulleys in the wing at station 29.
e. Remove the outboard access plate located on the aft side of the wheel well. Remove one screw from
each set of rub blocks at wing station 58.50 and 121.50;then open the blocks enough to allow the cable ends to
pass through.
f. Remove the access plate on the underside of the wing at the trailing edge at station 92.50.
g. Block the trim cables at the screw assembly below the control pedestal and within the wing at station
96.50 to prevent cables from unwrapping from their drums by one of the methods shown in Figure 5-11. (If the
trim assembly within the wing is also being removed, then remove the access plates at wing station 171 and
block the cables at the trim screw assembly.)
h. Mark one set of cable ends within the wing at station 90 to facilitate installation and disconnect the
cables at the turnbuckles (10).
i. Remove the pulleys within the fuselage at station 102and the cable guard pins at stations 125.21 and
163.50.
j. Remove the pin holding the shafts together then unbolt the screw assembly from the mounting
bracket and remove the screw assembly, drawing the cables from the wing and fuselage.
5-16. INSTALLATION OF AILERON TRIM ASSEMBLY (FUSELAGE). (Refer to Figure 5-4.) (See
Note in 5-15.)
a. Ascertain that the cable is evenly wrapped on the trim drum (centered) and blocked to prevent
unwrapping. (Refer to Wrapping the Trim Drum.)
b. Position the screw assembly (12) below, the pedestal on the mounting bracket and secure with bolts,
washers and nuts.
c. Draw the cable (11) through the fuselage and into the wing.
d. Install the cable pulleys in the fuselage at station 102 and secure.
e. Install the aileron and aileron trim pulleys in the wing at station 29.
f. Set the aileron cable tension per Table V-I and check rigging and adjustment per Paragraph 5-11.
g. If the trim cables (9) from the screw assembly (4) within the wing are installed, connect the cable ends
at the turnbuckles (10) at wing station 90. (If the trim assembly within the wing is not installed, pull the cables
tight and block them, reaching through the access opening in the wing at station 92.50.)
h. With the cables connected, install the cable guard pins at fuselage stations 125.21 and 163.38.
i. Close the rub blocks within the wing at station 58.50 and 121.50 and secure.
j. Remove the cable blocks.
k. Install and seal the floor panels.
1. Set cable tension with the turnbuckles (10) in the wing at station 90 per Table V-I and check rigging
and adjustment per paragraph 5-19.
Revised:2/15/82 SURFACE CONTROLS

1J1
m. Install access plates and panels on the fuselage under the wing and in the wheel well and install
seats.
5-17. REMOVAL OF AILERON TRIM ASSEMBLY (WING). (Refer to Figure 5-4.)

a. Remove the access plates located under the wing along the trailing edge at stations 92.50, 117.50,
151.50 and 171.
b. Disconnect the trim control rod (5) located between the trim screw (37) and tab, at the screw.
c. Block the trim cables to prevent them from unwrapping their drums at the screw assembly
and within the wing at station 87.50 by one of the methods shown in Figure 5-11.
d. Mark one set of cable ends at station 90 to facilitate installation and disconnect the cables at the
turnbuckles (10).
e. Reach through the access opening at station 117.50, remove one screw from each set of rub
blocks and open the blocks enough to allow the cable ends to pass through.
f. Remove the cable guard pin within the wing at station 150.
g. Remove the bolts (35) that secure the screw assembly to the rear spar and remove the assembly
from the wing.
5-18. INSTALLATION OF AILERON TRIM ASSEMBLY (WING). (Refer to Figure 5-4.)

a. Ascertain that the trim cable assembly is evenly wrapped (centered) on the drum, the drum is
centered between the stops on the trim screw and the cables are blocked to prevent them from unwrapping.
b. Position the screw assembly in the wing, install the attachment bolts (35) and torque 20-25 in.-lbs.
c. Draw the cables through the wing and connect them at the turnbuckles (10) at station 90. (If the
cables from the fuselage are not installed, block the cables at the rib at station 87.50 by reaching through
the access opening at station 92.50.)
d. Remove the cable blocks from next to the trim screw assembly and from the cables leading from
the fuselage.
e. Connect the control rod (5) to the trim screw (37).
f. Install the cable guard pin at station 150.
g. Close the rub blocks at station 121.50 and secure.
h. If the complete cable system is installed, set cable tension with the turnbuckles (10) at station 90
per Table V-I and check rigging and adjustment per Paragraph 5-19.
i Install and seal access plates.
5-19. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF AILERON TRIM. (Refer to Figure 5-4.)

a. To adjust the aileron trim, it must be ascertained that the following has been accomplished either
during installation or as a preadjustment check:
1. The trim cables are evenly wrapped (centered) on their drums, both below the control
pedestal and in the wing, and both cable turnbuckles (10) are located approximately at wing station 90.
2. That the trim drum (33) in the wing is centered between the stops of the trim screw (37).
3. The cable tension is set in accordance with Table V-I.
b. Remove the access plates on the underside of the right wing at stations 92.50 and 171.
c. With the trim screw (37) held from rotating, turn the trim drum (33) until .560 of an inch exists
between the forward screw stop and the drum housing (34), as measured along the screw. (Neutral position
of the screw is at this measurement.)
d. With the trim screw in neutral position, the trailing edges of the tab and aileron should align. Should
they not, remove the bolt (41) from the aft end of the trim control rod (5) and adjust the rod end until the
trailing edges align. Reinstall bolt (41) and tighten it so that the bushing will not rotate, then secure.
e. Turn the trim in each direction, to screw stops, to check the tab angles as given in Table V-I and also
check the minimum number of cable wraps left on the drum. (Minimum allowable is one and one quarter
turns.)
f. Check the adjustment of trim indicator per instructions given in this section.

1J2
1. STOP BOLT 4. "C" CLAMP 1. AILERON

2. STOP BLOCK 5. BELLCRANK 2. RIGGING OOL
3. RIGGING TOOL 6. WOOD BLOCK 3. WING
Figure 5-5. Installation of Bellcrank Rigging Tool Figure 5-6. Installation of Aileron Rigging Tool
5-20. ELEVATOR CONTROLS.
NOTE
Any time service is accomplished on the elevator control system, a

friction check must be made to insure system friction is within limits.
(Refer to Paragraph 4-96, Section IV.)
5-21. REMOVAL OF ELEVATOR CONTROL CABLES. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)
NOTE

fuselage station 135 for the PA-3 IT2, to find the proper location of
CAUTION
Exercise care that the elevator control tube does not incur nicks,
dents or deep scratches during installation, removal or rigging
operations. Visually reinspect the elevator control tube each time it
is removed or reinstalled in the aircraft. (Refer to the latest revision
of Piper Service Bulletin No. 715.)
a. To remove control cables (1 and 2) that connect between the elevator control sector and the aft
control cables (10 and 11), beginning at fuselage station 110.50, the following procedure should be used:
1. Remove the left pilot's seat and carefully remove the floor panel located on the left of the
control pedestal.

1J3
2. Mark one set of cable ends to facilitate installation and disconnect the cables at turnbuckles (3)
at station 110.50.
3. Remove the cable guard pins at the forward pulley cluster at station 83.34.
4. The inboard (right) cable (1) may be removed by removing the three cable guard pins at the
control sector and pulley, disconnecting it from the lower end of the sector and drawing it aft, around the
pullevs.
5. The outboard (left) cable (2) may be removed by removing the cable guard pin at the control
sector (if not previously removed, when removing the inboard cable), disconnecting it from the upper end of
the sector and drawing it aft, around the pulley.
b. To remove the control cables (10 and 11) that route aft, beginning from fuselage station 110.50to the
elevator bellcrank (14), the following procedure may be used:
1. Remove the left pilot's seat and the left and right row of seats in the fuselage.
2. Remove the floor panel to the left of the control pedestal, the left panels fore and aft of the
main spar, and the center panels aft of the main spar back to station 244.
3. Remove the left or right access plate located on the aft section of the fuselage.
4. Mark one set of cable ends to facilitate installation and disconnect the cables at the turnbuckles
(3) at station 110.50.
5. Mark and disconnect the cables (10 and 11) from the elevator bellcrank (14).
6. To remove the cable (10) that leads to the upper end of the elevator bellcrank (right cable),
remove the cable guard pins at stations 121.38, 153.35, 192, 242 and 276.
7. To remove the cable (11) that leads to the lower end of the bellcrank (left cable), remove the
cable guard pins at stations 121.38, 160.20, 203, 242 and 276.
8. Remove the fairleads at fuselage station 137.
9. Draw the cables aft through the fuselage.
5-22. INSTALLATION OF ELEVATOR CONTROL CABLES. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)
NOTE

CAUTION
a. The control cables (1 and 2) that connect between the elevator control sector and the aft control
cables (10 and 11) may be installed by the following procedure:
1. The left cable (1) may be installed by drawing the cable forward from fuselage station 110.50,
around the forward pulley cluster at station 83.34, upward and attach it to the upper end of the control sector.
2. The right cable (2) may be installed by drawing the cable forward from the fuselage station
110.50, around the forward pulley cluster at station 83.34, upward and over the pulley above the control
column and attach it to the lower end of the control sector.
3. If aft control cables (10 and 11) are installed, connect the cables at station 110.50.
4. Install cable guard pins at forward pulley cluster.

1J4
1 CONTROL CABLE (FWD R) 19 TRIM SCREWASSY.. LEFT 30. ELEVATORTORQUE TUBE

2. CONTROLCABLE(FWD L) 20 BOLT ASSEMBLY 31. PULLEY CLUSTER
3 TURNBUCKLE 21. CABLE END 32. TRIM CABLE
4 PULLEYCLUSTER 22 BOLT ASSEMBLY 33. GUIDE BRACKET
5. PULLEY CLUSTER 23. BOLT ASSEMBLY 34. TRIM SCREWCLEVIS
6 TRIM CABLE 24 BOLT. PIVOT 35. BUSHING
7 FAIRLEAD 25. PULLEY 36. TRIM TAB ROD
8. PULLEY 26. ROD END 37. BOLT ASSEMBLY
9 RUB BLOCK 27 BOLTASSEMBLY 38. ROD END
10. CONTROLCABLE 28. JAM NUT 39. ROD, CABLE GUARD
11. CONTROLCABLE 29. TRIM SCREWASSY. 40. CENTERCABLE
12. TURNBUCKLE 41. TURNBUCKLE
13. TRIM CABLE
14 BELLCRANK
15. ROD. CONTROL
16. ELEVATOR DOWN SPRING (SAS) PA-31T ONLY
17 SERVO MOTOR - PA-31T ONLY
18 ARM. ELEVATOR
42. LINK - PA-31T ONLY

43. HYDRAULICFLUID RESERVOIR- PA-31T ONLY
44. HYDRAULICCYLINDER- PA-31T ONLY
45. CABLE ASSEMBLY - PA-31T ONLY
46. PNEUMATICUNE (C02) - PA-31T ONLY
47. CABLE ASSEMBLY - PA-31T ONLY
48. BRACKET- PA-31T1 AND PA-31T2
49. SPRING, BUNGEE- PA-31T1 AND PA-31T2
50. CONTROL CABLE - PA-31T1 AND PA-31T2
51. TURNBUCKLE- PA-31T1 AND PA-31T2
,
VIEWA-A
n
ETCH A
Figure 5-7. Elevator and Elevator Trim Controls

1J5
1366
NOTE: REPLACE ITEM 16 EVERY

2000 HOURS.
CAUTION
EXERCISE CARE THAT THE ELEVATOR CONTROL TUBE
DOES NOT INCUR NICKS, DENTS, OR DEEP SCRATCHES
DURING INSTALLATION, REMOVAL OR RIGGING OP-
ERATIONS. VISUALLY REINSPECT THE ELEVATOR CON-
1356 A PA-31T1 AND PA-31T2 TROL TUBE EACH TIME IT IS REMOVED OR REINSTALLED
IN THE AIRCRAFT. (REFER TO THE LATEST REVISION OF
PIPER SERVICE BULLETIN NO 715.)
27
SKETCHB 1
1045 1046
A
SKETCHC SKETCH D A
Figure 5-7. Elevator and Elevator Trim Controls (cont.)

1J6
1367
ELEVATOR TRIM
DRUM AT BASE TO UPPERCABLE
OF PEDESTAL
TO UPPER CABLE
RIGHT SCREW ASSY.
CABLE CENTERED
ON DRUM
END END 1
NOTE
REFER TO FIGURE 5-36 FOR PITCH
TRIM SERVO INSTALLATION.
RIGHT HAND
TERMINAL
TURNBUCKLE
17.75
NEUTRAL
STA. 274.00
NOTE
STA. 261.38 THERE MUST BE TWO SAFETYCLIPS
(NAS 651-16S. PIPER PART NO. 454 867)
INSTALLEDPEREACH TURNBUCKLE.REFER
TO THE LATEST REVISION OF PIPER
SERVICE BULLETINNO 476.
SKETCHE
Figure 5-7. Elevator and Elevator Trim Controls (cont.)

1J7
PIPER CHEYENNE SERVICE MANUAL,
b. The control cables (10 and 11) that go aft, beginning at fuselage station 110.50 to the elevator
bellcrank, may be installed by the following procedure-
1. Connect the cables (10 ana 11) to the elevator bellcrank (14), ascertain that cable (10) is
connected to the top of the bellcrank.
2. Draw the cables forward through the fuselage as shown in Figure 5-7.
3. Connect the cables (10 and 11) to the forward cables (1 and 2) at station 110.50.
4. Install the cable guard pins for cable (10) at stations 121.38, 153.35, 192, 242 and 276.
5. Install the cable guard pins for cable (11) at stations 121.38, 160.20, 203, 242 and 276.
6. Install fairleads at fuselage station 137.
c. Adjust the cable tension at station 110.50 in accordance with cable tensions given in Table V-1 and
rigging and adjustment per Paragraph 5-23.
d. Install and seal access plates and panels, and install seats.
5-23. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF ELEVATOR CONTROLS. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)

CAUTION
a. Ascertain that the left pilot's seat, the floor panel to the left of the control pedestal, an access plate on
the side of the fuselage under the horizontal stabilizer and tail cone are all removed.
b. Put the elevator in neutral position by placing a modified straightedge as shown in Figure 5-8,
against the underside of the horizontal stabilizer, next to and outboard of the row of rivets at station 38 with
the aft end'of the tool even with the trailing edge of the elevator. (This tool may be fabricated from dimensions
given in Figure 5-32.)
c. With the elevator in neutral position, check or adjust the elevator bellcrank (14) for neutral. The
bellcrank is neutral when the center of the forward attachment bolt (23) of the elevator control rod (15) is 7.88
inches when measured perpendicular from the bulkhead at station 317.75. Obtain this setting by turning the
control rod end (26) to the desired length and secure with jam nut (28).
d. With the elevator bellcrank in neutral position, adjust the turnbuckles (3) to obtain cable tensions as
given in Table V-I. Measure the cable tensions near the turnbuckles used to adjust the tension. Allow the
control wheel to neutralize fore and aft. The neutral position of the control wheel is 3.5 inches aft of the full
forward position measured along the underside of the control column from the face of the instrument panel to
the center of the control wheel.
NOTE
Hold up or place a block under bobweight prior to checking cable

tension.
e. With the elevator neutral, place a bubble protractor on the elevator and establish neutral or zero on
the protractor. Move the elevator up until the control arm contacts its stop. (Refer to Figure 5-9.) Check the up
travel as given in Table V-I. Adjust the stop screw in or out to obtain proper adjustment: Move the elevator
down and check and adjust by the same method. After completion of rigging torque the screw locknuts to 20 to
40 inch pounds and seal with SENTRY SEAL. The elevator control arm should contact its stops before the
control wheel contacts its stops.
Revised:2/15/82 SURFACECONTROLS
1J8
NOTE
If provisionsare provided for safetywiring the nut and screwon the
elevator hingeassembly,safetywirewith MS20995-C32asshown in
Figure 5-10.The lock wire should always be installedand twistedso
that the loop around the head staysdownand doesnot tendto come
up over the bolt head and leave a slack loop.
NOTE
The elevator down spring (SAS) (16) must be replaced after 2000
hours of operation. (Refer to Figure 5-7, Sketch B.)
f. On the PA-31Tonly, adjust the turnbuckle (41) to obtain 23 ±I pounds tension on earliermodels
and 10 ± 1pounds tension on modelswith serial numbers 31T-7920053,31T-8020001and up, with the servo
unit arm in the full down position or relaxed position, the elevator down and the control wheelfull forward
against the stop. Checktensionjust belowthe turnbuckle (41).(Referto Figure 5-7,also referto SectionXI for
stability system checksand adjustments.)
g. "TOTAL FRICTION" in the PA-3IT elevator control system shall not be in excess of 10pounds
on earlier modelsand 11pounds on modelswith serial numbers 31T-7920053,31T-8020001and up, with the
arm on SAS actuator full down and elevator in neutral position.
NOTE
The complete elevator control system (including autopilot if
installed)shallbe riggedto its proper travelsand cable tensions prior
to determiningthe friction in the system. (Referto Paragraph 5-32.)
h. On the PA-31T1 only, adjust the turnbuckle (51) to obtain 43 ± I pounds tension and on the
PA-31T2 only, 48 ± I pounds tension on the elevator control spring, with elevator in neutral position.
"TOTAL FRICTION" in the PA-31T1and PA-31T2elevator control system shall not exceed 11 pounds.
i. Checkcontrol operation and direction of travel; bolts and turnbucklesfor safetyand installationof
cable guards.
j. Check the complete elevator control system (includingautopilot) to determinethe friction in the
system.
k. Install and seal accessplates and panels and install tail cone and seats.
5-24. REMOVAL OF ELEVATOR BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)
CAUTION
operations. Visuallyreinspect the elevator control tube each time it
of Piper Service BulletinNo. 715.)
a. Remove the left pilot's seat and the floor panel located to the left of the control pedestal.
b. Remove the access plates on the side of the fuselage and under the horizontal stabilizer and
remove the tail cone.
c. Relievethe cable tension from the control system by looseningone of the cable turnbuckles (3)
and the turnbuckle (41 or 51) on the elevator control cable (40 or 50).

1J9
324 A 324 a
1. STOPBOLT
2. STOPPLATE
1 ELEVATOR TRIMTAB 3. RUDDER
2. RIGGINGTOOL 4. ELEVATORTRIMTABS
3. ELEVATOR 5. STABILIZER
4. STABILIZER 6. ELEVATORTORQUETUBE
Figure 5-8. Installation of Elevator Rigging Tool Figure 5-9. Elevator Travel Stops
I
c 228
AILERON BELLCRANKASSY.
NOTES1 AND 2
1 AND2
ELEVATORHINGE
RUDDER HINGE ASSY.
NOTES
1. AFTERSTARTINGWIRETHRU HEADOF SCREW,MAKE ONE

COMPLETE WRAPAROUNDSHANKOF SCREWNEXTTO JAM
NUT FINISH SAFETYWIRING THRU HOLES PROVIDEDIN
FORGING.
2 THELOCKWIRE SHOULDALWAYSBEINSTALLEDANDTWISTED
SO THAT THELOOPAROUNDTHE HEADSTAYSDOWNAND
DOESNOTTENDTOCOMEUPOVERTHE BOLTHEADANDLEAVE
A SLACKLOOP.THENUTMUST BESAFETYWIREDWITHTHE
SCREW.USE MS20995-C32SAFETYWIRE. ELEVATORASSY.
Figure 5-10. Safety Wiring
Revised:2/15/82 SURFACECONTROLS
1J10
Figure 5-11. Methods of Blocking Trim Cables
d. Disconnect the elevator control cables (10 and 11) at the bellcrank (14).
e. Disconnect the elevator control rod (15) from the elevator bellcrank (14).
f. Remove the pivot bolt (24) and remove the bellcrank from its mounting bracket.
5-25. INSTALLATION OF ELEVATOR BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)
CAUTION
a. Position the bellcrank (14) in its mounting bracket; lubricate and install pivot bolt (24) and torque to
60 to 85 inch-pounds.
b. Attach the control rod (15) to the bellcrank and secure.
c. Connect the control cables (10 and 11) to the bellcrank. Check to be sure cable (10) is connected to
the top of the bellcrank. Tighten bolts (22) so that the cable ends (21) may turn freely on the bellcrank and
safety.
d. Connect the elevator control cable (40 or 50) to the elevator bungee spring (16 or 49).
e. Check cable tension per Table V-I, and rigging and adjustments as given in Paragraph 5-23.

1J11
5-26. ELEVATORTRIM CONTROLS.

NOTE
See applicable AutoPilot System vendor publication and/or the CIP
drawing (Custom Avionics List) delivered with the aircraft.
5-27. REMOVAL OF FORWARD ELEVATORTRIM ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)
NOTE
Fuselage station reference points are provided in order to facilitate the
location of various components in the PA-31T, PA-31T1 and PA-31T2.
Subtract 24 inches for all station points forward of fuselage station
135for the PA-31T2, tofind the proper location of various components
in this aircraft.
a. Remove the right pilot's seat and the right row of passenger seats.
b. Carefully remove the floor panel located aft of the control pedestal, the right panel forward of the main
spar, the right panels off of the main spar, and the aft baggage area.
c. Block the forward trim cables (6) at the trim screw assembly below the control pedestal and the aft
cables (13) at bulkhead 317.75, to prevent the cables from unwrapping from their drums, by one of the
methods shown in Figure 5-11. (If the aft screw assembly (19) is also to be removed, then remove the
access plate attached to the underside of the horizontal stabilizer and block the cables at the screw
assembly instead of in the fuselage.)
d. Mark the cable ends within the fuselage at stations 291 and 308.75 to facilitate installation. Disconnect
the cables at the turnbuckles (12).
e. Remove the cable guard pins at fuselage stations 125, 243.25 and 262.
f. Remove one screw from each set of rub blocks at stations 137, 162.60, 174 and 215, and open them far
enough to allow the cable ends to pass through.
g. Slide the bushing up the shaft to separate the two halves of the trim screw assembly.
h. Remove the bolts that attach the screw assembly to the mounting bracket and draw the assembly with
the cables from the fuselage.
5-28. INSTALLATION OF FORWARD ELEVATORTRIM ASSEMBLY.(Refer to Figure 5-7.)
NOTE
Fuselage station reference points are provided in order to facilitate the
location of various components in the PA-31T, PA-31T1 and PA-31T2.
Subtract 24 inches for all station points forward of fuselage station
135for the PA-31T2, to find the proper location of various components
in this aircraft.
a. Ascertain that the cable is evenly wrapped on the trim drum (centered) and blocked to prevent
unwrapping. (Refer to Wrapping the Trim Drum, in this section).
b. Position the forward trim screw (29) on the left side of the mounting bracket below the pedestal.
c. Draw the cables (6) aft through the fuselage back to station 291.
d. If the trim cables (13) from the elevator are installed, connect the cable ends. (If the cables (13) from
the elevator are not installed, pull the cables (6) tight and block them in the fuselage at bulkhead 274.)
(Refer to Paragraph 5-30.)
e. With the cables installed and connected, install the cable guard pins at stations 125, 243.25 and 262;
also close and secure the rub blocks at stations 137, 162.60, 174 and 215.
f. Remove the cable blocks.
g. Set cable tension with the turnbuckles (12) at station 291 and 308.75 per Table V-I and check rigging
and adjustment per Paragraph 5-31.
h. Install and seal access plates and panels and install seats.
SURFACE CONTROLS 1J12 InterimRevision:10/15/97

5-29. REMOVAL OF REAR ELEVATOR TRIM ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)

a. Remove the access plates located on each side of the fuselage and on the bottom side of the elevator,
and also remove the tail cone assembly.
b. Block the forward trim cables at bulkhead station 274 by one of the methods shown in Figure 5-11,
to prevent the cables from unwrapping. (If the forward trim assembly is also being removed, block the cables at
the forward trim screw below the pedestal.)
c. Mark the cable ends within the fuselage at stations 291 and 308.75 to facilitate installation.
Disconnect the cables at the turnbuckles (12).
d. Remove the cable guard pins from the pulleys located at stations 274 and 352 and the pulleys
mounted on the elevator torque tube.
e. Disconnect the trim tab rod from the trim screw clevis by removing the attachment hardware and
bushings.
f. The right and left trim screws and guide brackets are removed in the same manner. Remove the bolts
that attach the trim screw and guide bracket to the elevator spar; remove the trim screw assembly and guide
bracket and draw the trim cables from the fuselage and elevator through the access openings in the elevator.
5-30. INSTALLATION OF REAR ELEVATOR TRIM. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)

a. Check to be certain the trim cables are properly wrapped on the trim drums. If a new cable is
installed, the cable must be wrapped with the drum removed from the bracket as follows:
1. Ascertain which drum is being wrapped and be sure the proper cable is used. (Refer to Table
V-ll for parts numbers and specifications.)
2. Position the cable in the drum and install the cable pin in the drum slot. Ascertain the proper
length of cable end number I prior to wrapping per Table V-II.
3. Wrap the cable in opposite directions toward the center with 6-1/2 turns on end number 1.and
12 turns on end number 2. (Refer to Figure 5-7, Sketch E.)
4. Check the cable end positions on the drum after wrapping per specifications in Table V-II.
5. Reassemble the trim screw and block the trim drum to prevent the cables from unwrapping
during installation.
b. The right and left trim screws are installed in the same manner. Position the trim screw and guide
bracket on the elevator spar and secure with attachment hardware.
CAUTION
Do not tighten bolts until tab linkage hookup is complete; then

tighten equally as required to remove drum end play, being careful
not to overtighten causing bearing preload.
c. Draw the trim cables through the elevator, around the pulleys mounted on the elevator torque tube,
and over the pulleys at station 352 into the fuselage. Route the longest cable from the right-hand trim screw
around the pulley at station 274 and connect it to the shorter cable of the left-hand trim screw assembly.
NOTE
If the autopilot is installed check to determine that the trim cable is

properly wrapped around the capstan of the elevator trim servo
located on the aft side of bulkhead station 317.75. Route the inboard
trim cable (side with turnbuckle) from the forward part of the
airplane around the bottom groove of the idler pulley, to the capstan
and around the top groove of the idler pulley to the aft section of the
airplane, completing a figure eight. (Refer to Figure 5-36.)

1J13
d. Connect the remaining trim cable from the left rear trim screw to the forward trim cable from the left
side of the control drum in the pedestal, and the right rear cable to the forward cable from the right side of the
control drum in the pedestal (Refer to Figure 5-7, Sketch E.)
e. If the forward trim cables are not installed, draw the rear cables tight and block the cables at
bulkhead station 296. Install the forward trim assembly in accordance with Paragraph 5-28.
f. Install the cable guard pins in the pulleys at stations 274, 352, and in the pulleys mounted on the
elevator torque tube.
g. Connect the rod end from the trim tab to the trim screw clevis by inserting the bolt and bushing
assembly that rides in the guide bracket.
h. With the trim control completely installed, set the cable tension with turnbuckles (12) per
specifications given in Table V-I. Check to be certain the trim screws move freely in both directions and check
the rigging and adjustments per Paragraph 5-31.
i. Install the access plates and tail cone assembly.
5-31. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF ELEVATOR TRIM. (Refer to Figure 5-7.)

a. To adjust the elevator trim, the following steps should be accomplished during installation or as a
adjustment check:
1. Remove the access panels on the left and right side of the fuselage aft of the pressure bulkhead
at station 274, and also the access panels on the bottom of the elevators. Carefully remove the access panel
located in the floor of the control pedestal.
2. Check to be certain the trim cables are wrapped according to the instructions given in
Paragraphs 5-28 and 5-30.
3. Determine that the trim cable tension is set in accordance with the specifications given in Table
V-I.
4. Ascertain that the actuating screws are positioned so that the anti-rotation bushings (35) are at
midpoint of slots.
b. Rotate the trim control wheel in the cockpit to the full nose up position. Be sure that turnbuckle (12)
terminal does not strike center pulley (42).
NOTE
If turnbuckle (12) terminal does strike center pulley (42) before

actuating screws are at their stops, disconnect the trim tab rods (36)
and rotate the screws in the drums until screws are at stops before
terminal of turnbuckle (12) strikes center pulley (42). It may be
necessary to back off the trim wheel to reinstall the trim tab rods (36)
and anti-rotation bushings (35).
c. Adjust the trim tab rods (36) so that the tabs are in specified down position per Table V-I with the
elevators neutral.
d. Check the rod ends for adequate thread engagement.
e. Rotate the trim control wheel in the cockpit to the full nose down position and check the tab
position per Table V-I with the elevators neutral. Adjust the screw stops to obtain proper travel.
f. Coordinate the trim wheel indicator with the tab position. (Refer to Paragraph 5-50.)

1J14
5-32. DETERMINING THE FRICTION IN THE ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM. The complete
elevator control system (including autopilot if installed) shall be rigged to its proper travels and cable tensions
prior to determining friction in the system.
"TOTAL FRICTION" in the PA-31T elevator control system shall not be in the excess of 10 pounds on
earlier models and 11 pounds on models with serial numbers 31T-7920053, 31T-8020001 and up, with the arm
on SAS actuator full down and elevator in neutral position. On the PA-31TI only, adjust the turnbuckle to
obtain 43 + I pounds tension and on the PA-3 IT2 only, 48 ± I pounds tension on the elevator control spring,
with elevator in neutral position. "TOTAL FRICTION" in the PA-31TI and PA-31T2 elevator control system
shall not exceed 11 pounds. Determine the actual friction in the system by using the following procedure:
a. Attach a spring scale to the inboard trailing edge of the elevator, outboard of the tab.
b. With spring scale attached, position the elevator trailing edge down approximately 2.00 inches from
the neutral position.
c. Record the force (see Step g.) required to raise the elevator thru the neutral position until the
trailing edge is approximately 2.00 inches above neutral.
d. Record the restraining force lowering the elevator from the 2.00 inches up position thru the neutral
position to the original 2.00 inches down.
e. Repeat the above raising and lowering processes until average forces are obtained.
f. The total friction is obtained by subtracting the two forces.
NOTE
Do not exceed 60 pounds force for any measurement.
g. The elevator shall be rotated with a steady movement and the force reading taken when the elevator
is passing thru the neutral position. Do not stop rotation when taking reading.
5-33. RUDDER CONTROLS.
5-34. REMOVAL OF RUDDER CONTROL CABLES. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. Remove the left pilot's seat and left row of'passenger seats.
b. Carefully remove the left row of floor panels and outside access panels to the aft section of the
fuselage.
c. Remove the tail cone and the access plate under the rudder on the top aft section of the fuselage.
d. Loosen the rudder and aileron interconnecting cables at turnbuckles (10) at station 288, in the aft
section of the fuselage, enough to allow the large connecting spring (12) at station 295 to be disconnected from
the rudder cable.
e. Mark one set of cable ends to facilitate installation and disconnect the cables (7 and 8) at
turnbuckles (4).
f. Mark and disconnect the cables (7 and 8) from the rudder sector (17).
g. Remove the cable guard pins at fuselage stations 213, 242.50, 275, 315 and 345. Also when removing
the left cable (7), remove the guard pins at stations 142 and 160.60.
h. Draw the cables aft through the fuselage and remove them from the airplane.
5-35. INSTALLATION OF RUDDER CONTROL CABLES. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)
NOTE


1J15
1. PULLEY CLUSTER, FWD 24

2. CONTROL CABLE, R. FWD 25
3. CONTROL CABLE, L. FWD 26
4. TURNBUCKLE 27
5. FAIRLEAD 28
NOTE BE SURE THE CABLE IS

ROUTED BETWEEN THE
CABLE GUARD AND THE
PULLEY.
43
SKETCH A SKETCH B
Figure 5-12. Rudder and Rudder Trim Controls

1J16
1046 C
SKETCH
C
SKETCHC
327
SKETCH E
193
SKETCHF
Figure 5-12. Rudder and Rudder Trim Controls

1J17
a. The control cables (2 and 3) that connect between the rudder pedals and the aft control cables (7 and
8) may be installed by the following procedure:
1. The left and right cables (2 and 3) are drawn forward from fuselage station 100, around the
forward pulley cluster at station 83.34, upward and attached to the left and right rudder pedals.
b. The control cables (7 and 8) that route aft beginning at fuselage station 100to the rudder sector may
be installed by the following procedure:
1. Connect the cables (7 and 8) to the rudder sector (17).
2. Draw the cable forward through the fuselage as shown in Figure 5-12.
3. Connect the cables (7 and 8) to the forward cables (2 and 3) at station 100.
4. Install the cable guard pins at stations 345, 315, 275, 242.50, 213, 160.60 and 142, also at the
forward pulley cluster.
5. Adjust the cable tension at station 100 in accordance with cable tensions given in Table V-I.
c. The steering cable (45) for the nose gear steering system may be installed by the following procedure:
1. Connect the cable (45) to the forward end of the steering sector (43) and route the cable aft
through bulkhead 81 to the pulley at station 104, going over this pulley and connecting the turnbuckles at
station 90, and the cable through bulkhead 81 to the pulley at station 68 and over this pulley back to the rear
end of the steering sector (43). Connect this cable to the right rudder cable at station 95.25.
2. Install the cable guard pins on both pulleys and adjust the cable tensions at station 96 in
accordance with cable tensions given in Table V-l and.rigging and adjustment per Paragraph 5-36.
d. Install the access plates and panels and install seats.
5-36. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF RUDDER CONTROLS. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. Remove the left pilot's seat, the floor panel to the left of the control pedestal, the left rear exterior
access panel just aft of the entrance door and the tail cone.
b. Adjustment of the rudder and rudder pedal for neutral may be accomplished as follows:
1. Clamp the rudder pedals to align them in a lateral position as shown in Figure 5-16.
2. Adjust the turnbuckles (4) to obtain the proper cable tension per Table V-l and to align the
rudder at neutral position. Neutral position of the rudder may be established by aligning vertically the forward
overhang at the upper portion of the rudder with the vertical fin or with the use of a fabricated rudder rigging
jig. (Specifications for the fabrication of this jig are given in Figure 5-34.)
c. Rudder travel adjustment with the use of the fabricated rigging tool (refer to Figure 5-13) may be
accomplished as follows:
1. Level the airplane longitudinally and laterally. (Longitudinal leveling is not mandatory if a
propeller protractor is used for this adjustment.)
2. Allow the elevator to remain in its down position.
3. Position the jig on the elevator torque tube and align with the centerline of the airplane.
4. Set a bubble protractor to 29° 28' and position it on the centerline of the jig plate. (This angle
assures rudder travel measurement perpendicular to the rudder hinge centerline.)
5. With protractor still set to 29° 28', center the bubble by adjusting the screws at the aft end of the
jig plate. (Keep jig legs tight to elevator torque tube.).
6. Position the pointer along the trailing edge of the rudder with the point approximately .125
inch from plate.
7. Set rudder with stops to the degree of travel as given in Table V-I and lock stops.
NOTE
If provisions are provided for safety wiring the nut and screw on the
rudder hinge assembly, safety wire with MS20995-C32 as shown in
Figure 5-10.

1J18
d. To adjust the interconnecting cables between the aileron and rudder cables, first ascertain that cable
tension has been set for both the aileron and rudder cables. Ascertain that the aileron and rudder controls and
surfaces are neutral and adjust the interconnecting cable turnbuckles (10) at station 288, so that the spring (12)
will extend .060 of an inch.
NOTE
Adjustment of the nose gear steering can be found in Section VII.
e. Safety turnbuckles and install and seal access plates, panels and seats.
5-37. RUDDER TRIM CONTROLS.
5-38. REMOVAL OF FORWARD RUDDER TRIM ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)
NOTE

a. Remove the right pilot's seat and right row of passenger seats.
b. Carefully remove the right row of floor panels and the access panel to the right aft section of the
fuselage.
c. Block the forward trim cables (20) at the trim screw assembly below the control pedestal and also the
rear cables (16) at bulkhead 296, to prevent the cables from unwrapping from their drums, by one of the
methods shown in Figure 5-11.
d. If the aft screw assembly is also to be removed, then remove the access plate attached to the right side
of the vertical fin and block the cables (16) at the screw assembly instead of in the fuselage. (Refer to Paragraph
5-40.)
508 NOTE 508
Position the tool on
the rudder by
aligning the hole In
the tool and the
hole on the canter
line of the rudder
rib. Insert a rivet or
suitable locating pin
through the holes
1. STOP BOLT 4. POINTER

2. RUDDER HORN . RUDDER
3. RIGGING TOOL 6. ELEVATOR TAB
Figure 5-13. Installation of Rudder Rigging Tool Figure 5-14. Installation of Rudder Trim Rigging Tool

1J19
e. Mark one set of cable ends at station 287.50 to facilitate installation and disconnect the cables (16
and 20) at the turnbuckles (18).
f. Remove the cable guard pins at station 125 and 243.25.
g. Remove one screw from each set of rub blocks (19) at stations 137, 162.60, 174 and 215, and open
them far enough to allow the cable ends to pass through.
h. Slide the bushing up the shaft to separate the two halves of the trim screw assembly.
i. Remove the bolts that attach the screw assembly to the mounting bracket and draw the assembly
with the cables from the fuselage.
5-39. INSTALLATION OF FORWARD RUDDER TRIM ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)
NOTE

a. Ascertain that the cable is evenly wrapped (centered) on the trim drum and block to prevent
unwrapping. (Refer to Wrapping the Trim Drum, in this section.)
b. Install the trim screw (22) on the right side of the mounting bracket and secure with attachment
bolts.
c. Draw the cables (20) through the fuselage to the aft section of the fuselage at station 287.50.
d. If the trim cables (16) from the rudder are not installed, pull the cables (20) tight and block them in
the fuselage at bulkhead 274.
e. With the cables installed and connected, install the cable guard pins at stations 125and 243.25, also
close and secure the rub blocks (19) at stations 137, 162.60, 174 and 215.
f. Remove the cable blocks.
g. Set the cable tension with the turnbuckles (18) at station 287.50 per Table V-I and check rigging and
adjustment per instructions given in this section.
h. Install and seal access plates and panels and install seats.
5-40. REMOVAL OF REAR RUDDER TRIM ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. Remove the access panel on the aft right section of the fuselage and also on the right side of the
vertical fin and below the horizontal stabilizer.
b. Block the trim cables (16) to prevent them from unwrapping at the screw assembly within the
vertical fin and within the fuselage of bulkhead station 274 by one of the methods shown in Figure 5-11.
c. If the forward trim assembly is also being removed, block the cable (20) at the trim screw assembly
below the control pedestal. (Refer to Paragraph 5-38.)
d. Mark one set of cable ends within the fuselage at station 287.50 to facilitate installation and
disconnect the cables (16 and 20) at the turnbuckles (18).
e. Remove the cable guard pins at fuselage stations 331.50 and 340.
f. Disconnect the trim control rod (33) from the trim screw (25).
g. Remove the bolts that secure the screw assembly to the spar.
h. Remove the screw assembly and trim cables through the access hole in the fin.

1J20
5-41. INSTALLATION OF REAR RUDDER TRIM ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. Ascertain that the trim cable is evenly wrapped (centered) on the drum and block the cables to
prevent them from unwrapping.
b. Position the screw assembly (23) in the vertical fin; install and secure the attachment bolts.
c Draw the cables (16) through the fin into the fuselage and connect them at the turnbuckles(18) at
station 287.50 (If the cables (20) are not installed, draw the cables (16) tight and block them at the bulkhead at
station 317.75. Install the forward trim assembly per Paragraph 5-39.)
d. Remove the cable blocks from the rear trim screw assembly (23) and from the forward trim cables
(20).
e. Connect the control rod (33) to the trim screw (25) until the trim cable, drum, and screw are rigged
and adjusted.
f. Install the cable guard pins at fuselage stations 331.50 and 340.
g. With the complete trim control system installed, set cable tension with the turnbuckles (18) at
station 287.50 per Table V-I and check rigging and adjustment per instructions given in this section.
h. Install and seal access plates and panels.
5-42. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF RUDDER TRIM. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. To adjust the rudder trim, it must be ascertained that the following has been accomplished either
during installation or as a preadjustment check:
1. Trim cables are evenly wrapped (centered) on their drums and both cable turnbuckles are
located approximately at fuselage station 287.50.
2. The cable tension is set in accordance with Table V-I.
b Remove the access plate on the right side of the vertical fin.
c. With the trim screw (25) disconnected from the control rod (33) and allowed to rotate, turn the trim
drum until 11.50turns of cable are on the forward end of the drum and 7.00 turns of cable on the aft end of the
drum.
d. Now rotate the screw (25) so 1.03of an inch exists between the forward screw stop (24) and the drum
housing (26), as measured along the screw. (Neutral position of the screw is at this measurement.) Connect the
control rod to the screw.
e. With trim screw in neutral position, the trailing edges of the tab and rudder should align. If they do
not, remove the attachment bolt (31) and loosen the jam nut (29) on the rod end (30) at the aft end of the tab
control rod. Turn the rod end until the trailing edges align. Install and secure the attachment bolt (31) and rod
end jam nut (29).
f. Turn the trim in each direction until screw stops to check tab angles from the center line of the
rudder as given in Table V-I. A rudder trim tab rigging tool may be fabricated to check the table angles. (Refer
to Figure 5-35.) Install the tool as illustrated in Figure 5-14. Also check the minimum number of wraps left on
trim drum. (Minimum allowable is one and one-quarter turns.)
g. Check adjustment of trim indicator per instructions given in this section.

1J21
5-43. REMOVAL OF RUDDER SECTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. Remove the left pilot's seat and floor panel to the left of the control pedestal.
b. Remove the access plate, under the rudder, on top of the aft section of the fuselage.
c. Relieve cable tension from the rudder control cables by loosening one of the turnbuckles (4).
d. Mark one end of the rudder sector (17) and cable end (39) to facilitate installation.
e. Disconnect the cables from the rudder sector ends.
f. Unbolt the rudder sector (17) from the rudder torque tube (36) and the hinge bracket (40). Remove
the sector.
5-44. INSTALLATION OF RUDDER SECTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-12.)

a. Position the rudder sector (17) under the rudder torque tube (36) and hinge (40) and secure with
bolts and torque.
b. Connect the rudder cables (7 and 8) to the rudder sector (17) and secure. Allow the cable ends (39) to
rotate freely.
c. Set cable tension per Table V-1 and check control cable rigging and adjustment per instructions
given in this section.
d. Install and seal access plates and panels, also install left pilot's seat.
5-45. RUDDER PEDAL ASSEMBLY.
5-46. REMOVAL OF PEDAL ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-15.)

a. Remove the left pilot's seat and the floor panel to the left of the control pedestal.
b. Relieve the tension from the rudder control cables by loosening one of the cable turnbuckles (4).
c. Disconnect the rudder control cables (25) from the pedal assembly.
d. Disconnect the brake master cylinder (26) from the pedal assembly.
e. Disconnect the balance cable (33) from the two inboard pedals (28 and 1), by removing the flat
head pins at rudder pedals (28 and 31).
f. Remove the rudder torque tube guards (35), by removing the machine screws,nuts, and clamps (37)
positioning the guards to the torque tube and remove the attaching hardware (36) securing each guard to the
brake line support channel (34).
g. Remove the small round access plate (23) located on the right side of the fuselage.
h. Remove the bolts securing the retainer collars (5 and 18) and left pedals (31 and 32) on the torque
tube (6).
i. Slide the torque tube out through the right side of the fuselage. (Note the number of spacer washers
between each set of retainers (5 and 18) and bearings (3 and 21.)
j. The left pedals (31 and 32) are free to be removed.
k. To remove the outer torque tube (14) assembly with right pedals (27 and 28), unbolt and separate the
tube's bearing.blocks (12) located on top of the wheel housing. (Note the number of spacer washers (13)
between the bearing blocks.)
1. Remove the outer tube assembly (14) and disassemble.
m. The torque tube bearings may be removed by removing the cap bolts that secure the bearings to their
mounting brackets.
n. To remove the balance cable (33), remove the clevis pins at both ends and remove the pulley guard
pins at both pulleys.

1J22
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
5-47. INSTALLATION OF PEDAL ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 5-15.)

a. If the balance cable (33) is removed, install before proceeding with the rest of the installation.
Replace pulley guard pins.
b. Install and securethe torque tube bearings(3 and 21) to their mounting brackets (2 and 22) with
cap bolts (20).
c. Assemblethe outer torque tube (14) assembly,including both right pedals (27 and 28).
d. Position the outer torque tube (14) assemblyover the wheel housing and install bearing blocks
(12). Spacers (13) are installed between the blocks, so that when the blocks are bolted together, the tube
will be free to rotate with minimum up and down play. (Spacers are available in thickness of .012 ± .02;
P/N 81102-35, .018± .02, P/N 81102-36 and .032, P/N 81102-37.)
e. Lubricate and slide the torque tube (6) through side of the fuselage and right bearing (21) far
enough to slide the right retainer collar (18) on the tube.
f. Slide the tube (6) through the outer torque tube (14) assembly,installingthe left pedals(31 and
32) and left retainer collar (5).
g. Insert the bolts (4 and 19) through bolt retainer collars (5 and 18) and tube (6) (do not install
nut) and determine number of spacer washers required to allowminimum slideplay. The tube may be slid
to either side when the collar bolts are removed to allow the spacer washers to be divided and installed
evenly between each set of retainers (5 and 18) and bearings(3 and 21).
h. With the spacer washersinstalled, install the bolts through the retainers (5 and 18) and both left
rudder pedals(31 and 32). Install nuts with washersand secure.
i. Wipeoff excess lubricant from torque tube.
j. Install the rudder torque tube guards (35) by positioning each guard in front of the torque tube
and securing it in place with two machine screws and nuts (36) at the brake line support channel (34).
Install the clamps around the torque tube and fasten to the guards with machine screwsand nuts (37).
NOTE
The clamps around the torque tube must not be deformed or
permitted to interfere with the rotation of the torque tube.
k. Connect the balance cable (33) to the rudder pedals. Pedal alignment may be checked by
referring to Paragraph5-48.
1. Connect rudder cables (25) to the pedal assembly and set cable tension per Table V-I and check
rigging and adjustment per instructions given in this section.
m. Install and seal accessplates, panels and seats.
1J23
1. NUT, ANCHOR 15. BOLT ASSEMBLY 22. BRACKET, MOUNTING 34. BRAKE LINE SUPPORT
2. BRACKET, MOUNTING 16. ROLL PIN-BOLT 23. PLATE CHANNEL
3. BLOCK. BEARING 17. BOLT ASSEMBLY 24. ROD 35. TORQUE TUBE GUARD
4. BOLT ASSEMBLY 18. RETAINER 25. CONTROL CABLE 36. MACHINE SCREWS AND
S. RETAINER 19. BOLT ASSEMBLY 26. BRAKE CYLINDER NUTS
6. TORQUE TUBE 20. BOLT, CAP 27. REDAL. RIGHT OUTER 37. SCREWS, NUTS AND
7. BOLT ASSEMBLY 21. BLOCK, BEARING 28. PEDAL, RIGHT INNER CLAMPS
5. ROLL PIN-BOLT 29. NUT, JAM 38. PULLEY
9. CABLE END 30. BOLT ASSEMBLY 39. FLAT HEAD PINS
10. BOLT ASSEMBLY 31. PEDAL, LEFT INNER
11. BOLT ASSEMBLY 32. PEDAL, LEFT OUTER
12. BLOCK, BEARING 33. BALANCE CABLE
13. SPACER
14. TORQUE TUBE, OUTER
23
22
1139
10 14
SKETCH A
Figure 5-15. Rudder Pedal Installation
1J24
NEUTRAL
Figure 5-16. Clamping Rudder Pedals Figure 5-17. Rigging Rudder Pedals
5-48. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF RUDDER PEDALS. (Refer to Figure 5-16 and 5-17.)
a. Clamp the rudder pedals on the left or right side to align in a lateral position.
b. Adjust the brake master cylinder (26) and rods (24) to obtain 6.69 inches measured from the
upper fitting to the lower fitting on the pedal assemblyas shown in Figure 5-17.
c. The neutral angle of the rudder pedals is 17° 21' aft of the vertical position, with the airplane
level, as shown in Figure 5-17.
5-49. TRIM INDICATORS.
5-50. ADJUSTMENT OF TRIM INDICATORS.

a. Check the indicator mechanismfor freedom of movement and proper lubrication in accordance
with the lubricationchart in Section II.
b. Maintainthe trim tabs at the control surfacesin a neutral position.
c. Ascertainthat the trim drums are at their neutral positions.
d. If the trim indicators are not aligned with the neutral marker on the pedestal, proceed with the
followingsteps:
1. Removethe trim control wheel from the shaft.
2. Loosen the three screwswhich hold the indicator discs to the indicator mechanism.
3. Rotate the discs to the right or left to align the neutral position of the discs with the marker
on the pedestal.
4. Tighten the three screwsand replacethe trim control wheel.
5-51. FORWARD TRIM MECHANISM. (Refer to Figure 5-18.) All three forward screw assemblies are
mounted on the same bracket located below the floor level of the control pedestal and should be removed
and installed in accordancewith the followingprocedures.
1K1
BOLT AN3-4A
WASHER AN960-10
NUT MS20365-1032C
12 REQ.
TORQUE35 TO 40 INCH-POUNDS
1. CONTROL PEDESTAL 7. MOUNTING BRACKET
2. RUDDER TRIM CONTROL 8. ELEVATORTRIM SCREW 13. ELEVATOR TRIM CONTROL
3. TRIM POSITION INDICATOR 9. PIN AND COTTERPIN 14. GEAR BOX
4. AILERON TRIM CONTROL 10. SLEEVE
5. RUDDER TRIM SCREW 11. BUSHING AND PLATE
6. AILERON TRIM SCREW 12. SHAFT
Figure 5-18. Trim Controls Installation
1K2
5-52. REMOVALOF FORWARDTRIM MECHANISM.

a. Carefully remove the access panel located on the floor in front of the control pedestal and at the
turnbuckles for the particular trim system being serviced.
b. Block the particular trim cables at the screw mechanism and aft of the turnbuckles for that
system.
c. Disconnect the turnbuckles and remove the cotter pin and clevis pin (9) from the sleeve(10) of
the trim mechanismbeing serviced.
d. Removethe four bolts which secure the screw assembly to the mounting bracket (7).
e. Slide the sleeve (10) up on the shaft and disengagethe male and female shaft ends and remove
the screw assemblyfrom the mountingbracket.
f. It is now possible to remove the complete trim screw assemblyand forward trim cablesfrom the
airplane for any further service.
5-53. INSTALLATIONOF FORWARDTRIM MECHANISM.
a. Install the trim screw assembly and forward trim cables into the airplane, through the access
panel opening in front of the control pedestal.
b. Connect the forward trim cables to the aft trim cablesand secure the turnbuckles.
c. Position the trim screw assembly on the mounting bracket and align the male and female shaft
ends together.
d. Slide the sleeve over the shaft connection and install the four bolts to securethe trim mechanism
to the mounting bracket. Torque bolts 35 to 40 inch-pounds.
e. Install the clevispin through the sleeveand shaft and secure it in place with a new cotter pin.
f. Remove the blocks from the trim cablesand rig the particular trim system in accordancewith the
instructions givenin this section of the servicemanual for the system being serviced.
g. Replace the access panels and any other items removed to accomplish the servicingof the
mechanism.
5-54. TRIM DRUM.
5-55. WRAPPINGTHE TRIM DRUM. (Refer to Figure 5-19.) All trim drums except the elevatortrim are
wrapped basicallyby the sameprocedure and must be removed from the airplane.
NOTE
Refer to Paragraph 5-30 for wrappingelevatortrim drums.
a. Mark the end of the drum (2) toward the base (11) of the housing bracket (3) for a reference
when later installingand wrappingthe cable on the drum.
b. With the drum housing bracket (3) firmlyheld, remove one of the cable guard bolts (8) from the
housing bracket.
c. Remove the drum screw(4) or the drum shaft (9) from the trim screw assembly.The screw(4) is
removed by removingthe stop (5) located on the end of the screw, opposite the base (11) of the housing
bracket. Turn the screw from the drum (2). The shaft (9) is removedby drivingthe roll pin (10) from the
center of the drum (2). Press the shaft from the drum.
d. Removethe drum from the housing.
e. Unwrap the trim cable (1) and remove the cable and lockpin (13) from the drum. (If one end of
the cable has been marked to facilitatehookup of the cable ends, note this location in relation to the drum
when installinga new cable on the drum.)
f. Check the condition of the bushing (7) in the housing bracket for excess wear.
g. To install and wrap the trim cable, locate the center of the cable, measuringfrom end to end.
h. Insert the center of the cable into the cable slot in the drum and install the lockpin (13).
i. Hold the drum (2) with the previouslymarked or base end of the drum down.
1K3
330
1. CABLE
3. HOUSING BRACKET
4. SCREW, DRUM
5. STOP, SCREW
6. STOP, SCREW
7. BUSHING
8. GUARD, BOLT
9. SHAFT, DRUM
10. ROLL PIN
11. BASE, HOUSING BRACKET
12. NUTS, ATTACHMENT
6 13. LOCK PIN
Figure 5-19. Trim Screw Assembly
j. Looking down on the drum, wrap the cable that leadsfrom the base end up nine and one-quarter
turns in a counterclockwisedirection. The cable from the upper end, wrap down in a clockwisedirection,
nine and one-quarter turns.
k. Insert the drum in the housingbracket, position the drum and route the cablesfrom the assembly
as shown in Figure 5-19.
1. Install the screw(4) and screwstop (5) on the drum shaft (9) and secure with the roll pin (10).
m. Block the trim cablesin center position to keep them tight and from unwrapping,by the method
shown in Figure 5-11.
n. Center the drum between the stops on the screwby rotating the screw.
5-56. WING FLAP CONTROLS. (Piper System)

5-57. REMOVALOF FLAP ACTUATORMOTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)
a. Remove the center floor panel located in the main cabin area. The flap actuator motor (5) is
located on the forward side of the fuselagebulkhead at station 174.
b. Disconnectthe electricalleadsfrom the motor.
c. Cut safety wire (12) and disconnect the flexibledriveshaft ends (4 and 6) from the motor.
d. Remove the clamp (9) that holds the motor on its mounting bracket (13). Removethe motor.
e. If desired to replace the shock grommets in the bulkhead, the motor with its mounting bracket
may be removed together by removingthe bracket mounting bolts at the bulkhead.

1K4
5-58. INSTALLATION OF FLAP ACTUATOR MOTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)

a. Install the shock grommets in the bulkhead at station 174.
b. Install the flap actuator motor (5) and bracket (13) on the forward side of the bulkhead. Ascertain that
the anti-rotation pin on the motor fits in the pinhole in the mounting bracket. Secure the holding clamp
(9).
c. Connect the flexible drive shaft ends (4 and 6) to the motor (per Paragraph 5-60) and secure nut (10)
with .040 safety wire (12).
d. Connect the electrical leads.
e. Check flap rigging and adjustment per instruction given in this section.
f. Install access plates and panels.
5-59. REMOVAL OF FLEXIBLE ACTUATOR SHAFT. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)

a. Remove the center floor panel located in the main cabin area.
b. Remove the right and/or left row of seats and floor panels aft of the main spar.
c. Remove the aft access plate on the fairing located on the underside between the fuselage and wing.
d. Remove the access plates at the aft side of the wheel well at stations 34.50, 44.50 and 54, and on the
underside of the wing at stations 65, 82.75 and 92.50.
e. Cut the safety wire (12) and disconnect the shaft (4 and 6) from the actuator motor (5) and flap
transmission (3 and 7).
f. Remove the support clamp on the fuselage bulkhead and the support grommets within the wing and
fuselage.
g. Remove the actuator shaft.
5-59a. INSPECTIONOF FLEXIBLEACTUATORSHAFT.(Seeparagraph3-9, SectionIII.)
5-60. INSTALLATION OF FLEXIBLE FLAP ACTUATOR SHAFT. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)

a. Draw the shaft 4 or 6 through the wing into the fuselage.
b. Align and insert the tang on shaft assembly into slot in transmission. Tighten nut finger tight and
wrench not over 1/16 turn from finger tight. When properly installed, the nut on flexible shaft will
bottom or be within 3/16 of an inch of bottoming against transmission, thus insuring that the end of
shaft housing is firmly seated against transmission. Safety nut with .040 wire.
c. After the transmission end of shaft has been connected, observe the clearance between the outer sheath
and inner cable. Twist outer sheath in proper direction; bring clearance to 3/64 ± 1/32 of an inch. It
may be necessary to loosen clamp on fuselage bulkhead in order to twist outer sheath if cable has not
been removed from aircraft. Holding outer sheath in this position, insert spline into flap motor and
tighten nut. Safety nut with .040 wire. The clearance check noted above must be conducted on every
occasion that the flexible shaft is disconnected from the motor or transmission.
d. Check the flap rigging and adjustments per instructions given in this section.
e. Install the access plates, panels, clamps, grommets and seats.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1K5 SURFACE CONTROLS

.230 to .260 including See Instructions given in Section V

shaft andplay for proper dimension
Motor
SKETCH C
1020
1. INDICATOR, FLAP POSITION

2. SELECTOR SWITCH
3. TRANSMISSION ASSY, RIGHT
4. SHAFT ASSEMBLY, RIGHT
S. MOTOR
5. SHAFT ASSEMBLY, LEFT
7. TRANSMISSION ASSY, LEFT
8. FLAP POSITION SENDER ASSY
9. STRAP, MOTOR SUPPORT 20. SWITCH, DOWN LIMIT 26. ADJUSTMENT BOLT, UP LIMIT
10. NUT 21. SHAFT, SENDER 27. ADJUSTMENT BOLT, DOWN LIMIT
11. SHAFT ASSEMBLY 22. ARM, SENDER 28. ATTACHMENT BOLT ASSY
12. WIRE. SAFETY .040 23. SENDER. FLAP POSITION 29. GROMMET
13. MOUNTING BRACKET. MOTOR 24. SWITCH, APPROACH POSITION 30. BOLT ASSY, SENDER ARM
14. ARM, APPROACH SWITCH 25. SWITCH. UP LIMIT 31. TIME DELAY SWITCH
15. ROD, LINKAGE
16. BUSHING AND SCREW ASSY
17. FLAP HORN LOCATED BETWEEN LEFT WING
18. BOLT ASSEMBLY STATIONS 97.50 AND 109.50.
19. TUBE, TRANSMISSION
120 BOLT AN3-4A
WASHER AN960-1OL
GROMMET MS35489-33
13 NUT MS20165-1032C
21-
SKETCH A
510
SKETCH D SKETCH B
Figure 5-20. Flap Controls (Piper System)

1K6
5-61. REMOVAL OF FLAP TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY.(Refer to Figure 5-20.)

a. Lower the flap and remove the access plate on the aft underside of the wing and at the false spar area, both
of which are at station 92.50.
b. Disconnect the transmission tube (19) from the flap horn bracket (17).
c. Remove the safety wire (12) and disconnect the flexible actuator shaft (4 and 6).
d. Remove the spreader bushing and washers (14) from between the transmission attachment brackets.
e. Remove the transmission from its mounting brackets and draw the unit through the access opening in the
wing false spar.
5-62. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIROF FLAP TRANSMISSION. (See paragraphs 3-8, 3-9, 3-10,
and 3-11, Section III, for Wing Flap Transmissionand Actuator Cable Inspection and Repair.)
a. Clean the transmission assembly with a suitable solvent.
b. Inspect the transmission tube for excessive end or sideplay on the transmission screws.
c. Check that the transmission tube, screw, and rod end are not distorted or bent.
d. Check that the screw bearing is not loose on the transmission screw or within the transmission housing.
Excess wear can be determined by holding the transmission and moving the screw up and down.
e. Check for excess wear within the transmission by turning the screw by hand and noting the end and side
play in the transmission drive shaft. End play should not be great enough to cause end pressure on the
motor drive shaft.
f. Should any of these checks show excess wear, corrosion or damage, the transmission or its components
should be replaced.
g. Check the solenoid brake assemblyfor any excess wear, broken parts, sticking or burned out solenoid, and
repair or replace the assembly.
h. After the transmission screw and tube have been cleaned and dried, a coating of Aircraft Actuator Grease,
Specification MIL-G-23827,should be applied to the screw, ball nut and transmission.
i. When the transmission assembly is disassembled for any reason, or at 500 hours, it should be repacked 75
percent full with Dukes P/N 2196-74-1grease.
5-63. INSTALLATIONOF FLAP TRANSMISSIONASSEMBLY.(Refer to Figure 5-20.)
Ascertain that the correct flap transmission assemblies are being installed by checking the part numbers on the
assemblies with information in the latest Parts Catalog. The reason for this is to prevent the possible use of
different transmissions with different gear ratios, such as one 20: 1 transmission and one 40: 1 transmission used on
the same airplane flap installation.
a. Lubricate the flap transmission assembly in accordance with lubrication chart.
b. Insert the transmission through the access opening in the wing false spar and attach to its mounting
brackets. To allow the transmissionto rotate, tighten the attachment bolts (28) only finger tight and safety.
c. Install the spreader bushing with one washer between each mounting bracket and bushing. Install the
through bolt and secure.
d. If working with the left transmission (7), connect the flexible actuator shaft (6) (per Paragraph 5-60) and
safety with .040 safety wire. Attach the right flexible shaft (4) during rigging and adjustment.
e. Check the flap rigging and adjustmentper instructionsgiven in this section.
f. Install access plates.
5-64. REMOVAL OF FLAP POSITION SENDER. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)
a. Lower the flap and remove the access plates on the left wing false spar at stations 92.50 and 101.
b. Loosen the sender arm (22) and the flap position actuator (14) on the sender shaft (21).
c. Disconnect the electrical leads from the sender (23).
d. Loosen the sender attachment nut and slide the sender from its mounting bracket.
e. The Flap limit switches (20 and 25) and the flap approach position switch (24) may also be removed
through the access opening.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1K7 SURFACE CONTROLS

5-65. INSTALLATIONOF FLAP POSITIONSENDER. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)

a. Start the sender shaft (21) through its mounting bracket hole and install the attachment washer
and nut over the shaft. Continue to slide the shaft through the hole and install the arm (22) and actuator
(14) on the shaft. Securethe sender (23) in position. Allowthe sender arm (22) and the actuator (14) to be
free to rotate.
b. Connect the electrical leads.
c. Check rigging and adjustment per instructions given in this section.
5-66. RIGGINGANDADJUSTMENTOF FLAP. (Refer to Figure 5-20.)

a. Remove the access plate on the right wing false spar at station 92.50 and on the left wing false
spar at stations 92.50 and 101.
b. The riggingand adjustment of the flap may be accomplishedby the followingprocedure:
1. Ascertain that the flexible actuator shaft (6) to the left transmission assembly (7) is
connected and safetied and that the right shaft (4) is disconnected from the right transmission(3). (Refer
to Paragraph 5-60.)
2. Ascertain that the position sender arm (22) is free to rotate on the sender shaft (21) or the
linkage rod (15) is disconnected at the flap and taped back inside the wing.
3. With the flap disconnected from the transmissiontube (19), turn the actuator tube out 28
turns from its forward stop position; align the attachment hole in the tube with the holes in the flap horn
and temporarily install bolt (18).
4. Check alignment of the actuator and flap horn (17) by sightingalong the actuator tube (19)
while the flap is in both the near extended and retracted positions. Do not run flap to its extreme position
(end of tracks).
5. Should the tube (19) and horn (17) not align, disconnect the tube and loosen the bolts
securing the horn to the flap enough to allow the horn to be moved by tapping with a soft hammer.
Connect the tube to the horn and tap the horn to achieve a satisfactory alignment. Lower the flap to the
near extended position; disconnect the tube from the horn and torque the horn attachment bolts.
6. With the actuator tube (19) and flap horn (17) aligned, connect the tube to the horn with
bolt assembly(18). Tighten the castellated nut so as to allow .03 inches thrust play of the bolt and safety.
7. Connect the right flexible actuator shaft (4) to the right transmissionassembly(3). (Refer
to Paragraph 5-60.)
8. With the right flap disconnected from the transmissiontube, turn the right tube out as far as
necessaryto give the right flap the same angular setting as the left flap. (Riggingthe right flap to the left
flap may require a smaller angular adjustment than can be accomplished by rotating the transmission
actuator sleeve 180° on the screw. This can be done by disconnecting the flexible shaft from the
transmissionand turning the transmissionworm gearwith a short slot head screwdriver.)
NOTE
When measuring flap deflection angles,lift the trailing edge of the
flap to eliminate play between rollers and track slots.
c. The adjustment of the flap limit switches may be accomplishedby the followingprocedure:
1. Run the flaps to the full down position and if not previouslyaccomplished,loosen the screw
that clamps the sender arm (22) on the sender shaft (21).
2. Laterally locate the arm on the sender shaft so the adjustment bolts (26 and 27) on the arm
(22) will contact the limit switch (20 and 25) plungers in the center of the bolt head.
3. Tighten the arm clampingscrew(30) in such a way that movingthe arm (22) willrotate the
sender shaft (21), but the arm will slip on the shaft if the shaft is securely held.
4. Connect the linkage rod (15) to the tab on the flap using the rod attachment bushing(16)
and screw with nylon insert. The rod should extend through the bushing (16) and screwwith nylon insert.
The rod should extend through the bushing .12 of an inch.
1K8
5. Adjust the flaps to extended settings as given in Table V-1 by loosening the jam nut on the
proper adjustment bolt (27) and turning in or out as required to actuate the down limit switch (20).
Tighten the jam nut.
6. Run the flap up to a near retracted position. Make a full extension run to insure that the
momentum of the flap going down and tightening of the jam nut has not moved the flap setting from the
setting tolerance.
7. Adjustment of the up limit switch (25) is accomplished in the same manner except that the
flaps should be stopped in the retracted position just as the flap rollers approach the end of track slots.
(Approximately 1/16 of an inch on the closest roller both flaps.)
8. Laterally locate the approach switch arm (14) on the sender shaft so the arm will contact
the roller on the switch actuator in the center. Position the arm on the sender shaft as shown in Figure
5-20, Sketch D.
d. Check the adjustment of the flap position indicator.
e. Refer to Section III, for information on reduction of friction and for wing flap motor no load RPM
check if operational problems exist in the flap system.
f. Flexible shaft assemblies disconnected from transmissions or from flap motor necessitates a
check of the clearance between the inner cable and outer cable sheath with the transmission end of the
cable connected per Paragraph 5-60.
g. Check that all necessary bolts are safetied, clamps secured and access plates installed.
5-67. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF FLAP POSITION SENDER.

a. Lower the flaps and remove the access plates on the left wing false spar at stations 92.50 and
101.
b. Lower the flaps to an angle of 15° + 1° (lift flap trailing edge to obtain angle measurement);
loosen sender arm (22) on the sender shaft (21) and rotate the shaft until the wing flap indicator on the
instrument panel shows the flap at the takeoff position (bottom of white arc).
c. Tighten the arm (22) on the sender shaft. Check the three flap positions (retracted, takeoff and
extended) with respect to the angular settings and indicated positions on the wing flap indicator.
d. Position the approach switch arm (14) on the sender shaft per instructions given in Paragraph
5-66. Check that the approach flap switch (24) is activated when the flaps are lowered to 15° + 1° (lift flap
trailing edge to obtain angle measurement).
e. Install the access plates.
5-68. ADJUSTMENT OF FLAP SELECTOR SWITCHES. (Refer to Figure 5-21.) The flap selector
switches are located on the forward side of the instrument panel directly behind the flap selector handle.
There are two switches used in this installation; the larger switch is identified on the electrical schematic
(of Section XV) as SW-1 while the second switch (smaller) is SW-2. Adjustment should be made with the
switch assembly removed from the instrument panel.
a. With switch SW-I in its center position, adjust the bottom set screw (2) on the actuator bracket
(4) until it just touches the toggle of switch SW-2 which must have its toggle in the down position; then
lock the set screw.
b. Move the selector actuator (1) to actuate switch SW-2 with set screw (2); return the actuator to
its center position.
c. Adjust the top set screw (5) until it just touches the toggle of switch SW-2; then lock the set
screw in place.
d. Move the selector actuator (1) in both extreme positions, full up and full down to assure that
switch SW-2 is actuated in both extreme positions, but not actuated in the center position.
5-69. INSPECTION OF TIME DELAY SWITCH OPERATION. (Between Left Wing Stations 97.50 and
109.50.) This inspection should be done after the flaps have been rigged and checked for normal operation.
The time delay switch is installed in the flap electrical system so that when the flap switch is actuated (flaps
completely extended or retracted), and if after one second the left flap does not move off the limit
switches, the time delay switch shuts off the flap motor. The right flap will travel approximately 4.5° ± 1°.

1K9
612
1 2
1. ACTUATOR ASSY.
2. ADJUSTING SET SCREW ASSY.
3. INSTRUMENTPANEL
4. BRACKET
5. ADJUSTING SET SCREW ASSY.
6.. SWITCH - 2
7. SWITCH -1
Figure 5-21. Flap Selector Switch (Piper System)

a. Lower the flaps and remove the accessplates to the limit switches in the left wing false spar at
stations 92.50 and 101.
b. With the flaps part way down, depress the up limit switch and select flap down. The system
should shutdown within one second. With the limit switch still depressed(if the limit switch is opened, the
time delay switch will reset and allow the system to become operative), return the flap selector switch to
neutral position and again select flaps down. The system should be inoperative. Determinethat the flap
travel was not more than 4.5° + 1°.
c. Repeat Step b except depress the down limit switch and select flaps up. The system should again
shutdown in one second and the flap travel should not exceed 4.5 ° + 1° .
NOTE
The only way that further right flap extension can occur after the
time delay switch shuts off the motor, is if the pilot would cycle
the flap circuit breaker off and on, and againselect flaps.
The time delay switch does not affect or shutoff the flap motor if
a failure occurs when the left flap is between the up and down
limit switches.
The time delay switch is passivein the flap electrical system during
normal flap operation.
d. Reinstall the accessplates in the left wingfalse spar at stations 92.50 and 101.

1K10
5-70. WING FLAP CONTROLS. (CALCO SYSTEM.) (Refer to Figures 5-22 and 5-31.)
5-71. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. The wing flap control system providescontinuous control and
monitoring of flap position and condition over its full range. In addition to the limitingof both up and down
overtravel, the system will shut the driving mechanismoff in the event of a 5 differential position between
right and left flap position and it willself-monitorand automaticallyreact appropriately in theevent of critical
component failure in the control circuitry.
Preselectionof any desiredflap position from full up (0° ) to full down (40) is possible thru the position-
ing of the selector control whichhas an 80° stroke analog lever.(That is,20 of levermovementrepresents1 of
wing flap movement.)The selector incorporates a friction type drag brake to hold the lever at any desired
intermediate position as well as ball lock detents at 0° , 15° , and 40° of flap extension. Flaps are deployed
mechanically by a single motor driving through two flexible shafts connected to individual ball screw
actuators.
Selectionof the desiredflapposition movesRC relativeto RL with a resultant amplifieroutput whichwill
operate the flap motor through contactors KI and K2to movethe left and right flaps to the desiredposition.If
at any time the amplifier seesa differentialvoltage in excess of 0.55 VDC betweenRL and RR. the amplifier
will shut the system off. This condition corresponds to a maximum differential of 5° of flap position.
A flap fault test switch is providedto checkthe control circuitryfor asymmetricalflap protection as well
as the operation of the fault lamp switchingtransistor. The activation of this switchwhileflaps are in motion
will givea false signalto the rightsidefollowerpotentiometer,simulatingan out-of-synccondition causingthe
amplifier to shut the systemoffand illuminatethe fault light. Releaseof the switchwillclearthe simulatedfault
and allow the system to respond normally to selector position command.
5-72. REMOVAL OF FLAP ACTUATOR MOTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-24.)
a. Remove the center floor panel located in the main cabin area. The flap actuator motor (5) is
located on the forward side of the fuselagebulkhead at station 174.
b. Disconnect the electricalleads from the motor.
c. Cut the safety wire (12) and disconnect the flexible drive shaft ends (4 and 6) from the motor.
d. Remove the clamp (9) that holds the motor on its mounting bracket (13). Remove the motor.
e. If desiredto replacethe shock grommetsin the bulkhead, the motor with its mountingbracket may
be removed together by removing the bracket mounting bolts at the bulkhead.

1K11
A487
RT2 RT3
AMPUFIER ADJUSTMENTAND TESTPOINTS
Figure 5-22. Flap System Diagram (Calco)
1K12
5-73. DISASSEMBLYOF FLAP ACTUATORMOTOR (Refer to Figure 5-23.)

a. Removenuts (2), lockwashers(3) and screws(4) from motor.
b. Removerear end bell (1) from sleeveand magnet assembly(18).
c. Removefront end bell (5) from sleeveand magnet assembly.
d. Removearmature assembly(17) from sleeveand magnet assembly.
CAUTION
Strong magnet pull will be encountered when removing the
armature from the sleeveand magnet assembly.
e. Removespring washer(16) and ball bearing(15) from armature shaft.
f. Removebrushes (6) and brush springs(7) from brush holders.
g. Removefour screws(9) and insulatorassembly(8) from front end bell (5).
h. Remove nuts (11), lockwashers(12), contact studs (10) and nylon shoulder washers(13) from
front end bell.
5-74. SERVICEOF FLAP ACTUATORMOTOR.
a. Wash all disassembledparts except brushes, bearingsand armature with a suitable dry cleaning
solvent.
b. Examineall parts for cracks, burrs and corrosion.
c. Visuallyinspect the armature for the following:
1. Commutator for pitting, scoring or burning.
2. Loose windings.
3. Damagedor worn splines.
4. Wornshaft causedby bearingseizure.
d. Except for repairs to commutator, all parts found to be defectiveor worn must be replaced with
new parts. Do not attempt to repair defectiveparts. Ballbearingsmust be replaced at overhaul.
e. Commutator may be turned down to a minimum diameter of 1.093 inch. Polishwith fine grade
sandpaper.
d. Measurelength of brushes.If less than .437 inch they must be replaced.
g. Electricallytest the armature as follows:
1. Bar to bar continuity. Resistancereadingsshould be the same when measuringtwo adjacent
bars as measurementis stepped around commutator.
2. Insulation resistance between commutator and shaft should be 10 megohm minimum at
85v.
1K13
TORQUE TO 30-35 IN -LBS TORQUE TO 30-35 IN -LBS
APPLYLOCTITE75
SKETCH A (EARLIER) SKETCH B (LATER)

1. END BELL REAR
2. NUT, HEX
2
3. WASHER, LOCK
4. SCREW,HEX HEAD
5. END BELL ASSY., FRONT
6. BRUSH ASSY.
7. SPRING, BRUSH
8. INSULATOR ASSY. 1
19
SEE
SKETCH ON EARLIERMOTOR ONLY
AORB
9. SCREW
10. STUD, CONTACT
11. NUT. HEX
12. WASHER, LOCK
13. SHOULDER WASHER
14. END BELL
15. BEARING. BALL
16. WASHER. SPRING
17. ARMATURE ASSY.
18. SLEEVE AND
MAGNET ASSY.
19. PLATE, IDENTIFICATION
Figure 5-23. Motor Assembly. Exploded View (Calco)
1K14
5-75. ASSEMBLYOF FLAP ACTUATORMOTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-23.)

a. Assemble shoulder washers (13), contact studs (10). lockwashers( 12)and nuts( 11)to front end bell.
Position flat on contact studs parallel to the side of the brush holder. Apply Loctite 75 adhesive to inner nut
(I ) (see Sketch A of Figure 5-23) and torque outer nut ( I) to 30-35 in.-lbs.
b. Install insulator assembly(8) on front end bell and secure with 4 screws(9).
c. Install brush springs (7) and brush (6) into brush holders. Position brush leads through slot
towards center of end bell and connect to contact studs.
d. Attach ball bearings(15) to each end of the armature shaft.
NOTE
A light pressfit on the bearingsmay be required on the shaft.
e. Install front end bell assemblyonto commutator end of armature.
f. Insert armature assembly into sleeve and magnet assembly (18) with commutator end of armature
towards larger recess in motor sleeve.
CAUTION
A strong magnet pull will be encountered when inserting armature
assemblyinto sleeveand magnet assembly.
g. Position front end bell on sleeveso that mounting holes are in line with pin in sleeveand lockwire
hole is to the right of the pin.
h. Insert spring washer(16) into bearing bore of rear end bell (1) with tangs on washerpointing up.
i. Install rear end bell on sleeve with mounting holes lined up with pin in sleeveand lockwirehole
to the left of the pin.
j. Insert screws(4) through front end bell (5) and rear end bell (1). Securewith lockwashers(3) and
hex nuts (2). torque nuts (2) 30-40in. lb.
5-76. INSTALLATIONOF FLAP ACTUATORMOTOR. (Refer to Figure 5-24.)
a. Install the shock grommetsin the bulkhead at station 174.
b. Install the flap actuator motor (5) and bracket (13) on the forward side of the bulkhead.
Ascertain that the anti-rotation pin on the motor fits in the pinhole in the mounting bracket. Secure the
holding clamp (9).
c. Connect the flexible drive shaft ends (4 and 6) to the motor and attach nut (10)finger tight and
secure with MS20995-C41safety wire (12).
d. Connect the electricalleads.
e. Check flap rigging and adjustments per instructions given in this section.
f. Install accessplates and panels.
1K15
5-77. REMOVAL OF FLEXIBLE ACTUATOR SHAFT. (Refer to Figure 5-24.)

a. Remove the center floor panel located in the main cabin area.
b. Remove the right and/or left row of seats and floor panels aft of the main spar.
c. Remove the aft access plate on the fairing located on the underside between the fuselage and wing.
d. Remove the access plates at the aft side of the wheel well at stations 34.50, 44.50 and 54, and on
the underside of the wing at stations 65, 82.75 and 92.50.
e. Cut the safety wire (12) and disconnect the shaft (4 and 6) from the actuator motor (5) and flap
transmission (3 and 7).
f. Remove the support clamp on the fuselage bulkhead and the support grommets within the wing
and fuselage.
g. Remove the actuator shaft.
5-78. INSTALLATION OF FLEXIBLE ACTUATOR SHAFT. (Refer to Figure 5-24.)

a. Draw the shaft (4 or 6) through the wing into the fuselage.
b. Connect the flexible drive shafts to the transmissions. Be sure that the splines are properly engaged
and run the shaft attaching nut on finger tight. Safety the nut with MS20995-C41 safety wire.
c. Check the flap rigging and adjustments per instructions given in this section.
d. Install the access plates, panels, clamps, grommets and seats.
5-79. REMOVAL OF FLAP TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 5-24.)

a. Lower the flap and remove the access plate on the aft underside of the wing and at the false spar area.
both of which are at station 92.50.
b. Disconnect the transmission tube (18) from the flap horn bracket (16).
c. Remove the safety wire (12) and disconnect the flexible actuator shaft (4 and 6).
d. Remove the spreader bushing and washers ( 15) from between the transmission attachment brackets.
e. Remove the transmission from its mounting brackets and draw the unit through the access opening
in the wing false spar.
5-80. DELETED.
5-81. SERVICE OF FLAP TRANSMISSION.
a. Wash all parts in a suitable dry cleaning solvent.
b. Examine all parts for cracks, burrs and corrosion.
c. Parts are not available to repair the transmission in the field. Therefore the transmission should be
replaced (if defective).
5-82. DELETED.
Revised: 1/5/84 1K16 SURFACE CONTROLS

1K16
L.
1. INDICATOR, FLAP POSITION 13. MOUNTING BRACKET, MOTOR 25. ADJUSTMENT BOLT, DOWN LIMIT
2. SELECTOR SWITCH 14. ROD, LINKAGE 26. ATTACHMENT BOLT ASSY
3. TRANSMISSION ASSY, RIGHT IS. BUSHING AND SCREW ASSY 27. GROMMET
4. SHAFT ASSEMBLY, RIGHT 16. FLAP HORN 28. BOLT ASSY, SENDER ARM
5. MOTOR 17. BOLT ASSEMBLY
6. SHAFT ASSEMBLY, LEFT 18. TUBE, TRANSMISSION
7. TRANSMISSION ASSY, LEFT 19. SWITCH, DOWN LIMIT
8. FLAP POSITION SENDER ASSY 20. SHAFT, SENDER
9. STRAP, MOTOR SUPPORT 21. ARM, SENDER
10. NUT 22. SENDER: FLAP POSITION
11. SHAFT ASSEMBLY 23. SWITCH , UP LIMIT
12. WIRE, SAFETY .040 24. ADJUSMENT BOLT, UP LIMIT
A BOLT AN3-4A
B
WASHER AN960.10L
GROMMET MS35489-33
NUT MS20365- 1032C
13
23
12
SKETCH A SKETCH B
and 12
Figure 5-24. Flap Controls (Calco)
1K17
5-83. FUNCTIONAL TEST OF FLAP TRANSMISSION.

a. Test equipment required:
1. Tool 7801-T3
2. Torque Wrench
b. Check no load torque as follows:
1. Attach torque wrench to input pinion.
2. Measure torque to rotate pinion with no load applied to screwjack.
3. No load torque to be 12 in. oz. maximum.
c. Lockwire (MS20995-C20) all bolts and screws.
d. Install protective cap (15). Do not lockwire.
5-84. INSTALLATION OF FLAP TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 5-24.)

Ascertain that the correct flap transmission assemblies are being installed by checking the part numbers
on the assemblies with information in the latest PA-31T Parts Catalog.
a. Lubricate the flap transmission assembly in accordance with lubrication chart.
b. Insert the transmission through the access opening in the wing false spar and attach to its mounting
brackets. To allow the transmission to rotate, tighten the attachment bolts (26) only finger tight and safety.
c. Install the spreader bushing with one washer between each mounting bracket and bushing. Install
the through bolt and secure.
d. If working with the left transmission (7). connect the flexible actuator shaft (6) and safety with
MS20995-C41 safety wire. Attach the right flexible shaft (4) during rigging and adjustment.
e. Safety wire (MS20995-C20)Protective Cap.
f. Check the flap rigging and adjustment per instructions given in this section.
g. Install access plates.
5-85. REMOVAL OF FLAP CONTROL BOX (SELECTOR).

a. Remove the knob from the control box.
b. Remove the electrical connector from the rear side of the control box.
c. Remove the two screws that secure the control box to the instrument panel.
d. Remove the control box from the instrument panel.
NOTE
It is recommended that the flap control box (selector) be sent back

to the manufacturer for servicing. Environ Division of Calco MFG.
Co., 205 Factory Road. Addision, IL 60101 (312) 628-2330.

5-90. INSTALLATION OF FLAP CONTROL BOX (SELECTOR).

a. Install the flap control box in the instrument panel.
b. Install the two screws that secure the control box.
c. Connect the electrical leads.
d. Install the knob.
5-91. REMOVAL OF FLAP CONTROL AMPLIFIER.

a. Gain access to amplifier located under the floor panels on the PA-31T and PA-31T1 and in the nose
section on the PA-31T2.
b. Disconnect the electrical plug from the amplifier.
c. Remove the attaching screws and remove the amplifier from the airplane.
5-92. INSTALLATION OF FLAP CONTROL AMPLIFIER.

a. Install control amplifier in airplane and secure with attaching screws.
b. Connect the electrical plug to the amplifier.
c. Check rigging and adjustment of flaps per information given in this section.
d. Close and secure access door.
5-93. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF FLAPS. Following are definitions of terms.used in the
description and service information presented in the following paragraphs:
RC = Control Potentiometer Wiper at Selector
RL = Left Wing Flap Potentiometer Wiper
RR = Right Wing Flap Potentiometer Wiper
VC = Voltage at RC (Control)
VL = Voltage at RL (Left Flap)
VR = Voltage at RR (Right Flap)
VCL = Voltage difference between VC and VL at flap up position
VCR = Voltage difference between VC and VR at flap up position
VRL =Voltage difference between VR and VL
RT2 = Amplifier Trimmer Adjustment - Left
RT3 = Amplifier Trimmer Adjustment - Right
The control rheostat operated by the flap selector will be referred to throughout this rigging procedure as
RC (rheostat control). The wing flap rheostats will be designated as RL (rheostat left) and RR (rheostat right).
The voltages present or read at the center taps will be referred to as VC, VL and VR respectively.
Proper operation after rigging, requires that the rheostat (RL) on the left flap must respond to any
changes in the flap position selector rheostat (RC) in the form of VL and VC. It follows that the amount of
stroke travel, as well as how it is centered with respect to the ends, will be determined by how RL is adjusted
relative to RC. Since VC is fixed and cannot be changed, a trimmer pot RT2 is provided in the control
amplifier to allow adjustment of VL to agree with VC.
Throughout all of the adjustment procedures it is important that, whatever changes are made to RL and
RT2, must also be made to RR and RT3. It is the function of RR to track RL over the entire stroke range and
shut the system OFF if the outputs in the form of VL and VR deviate by more than 0.55-volts. This voltage
differential ( V ) corresponds to a five-degree asymmetrical flap condition. An additional function of RR
is to provide a voltage input to the control amplifier in order to provide an output to the flap position indicator.
All adjustments are made with the motor circuit breaker pulled (off) and the flaps in the down position.
Adjustment procedures will require a digital voltmeter.
NOTE
In general, the adjustments of RL, RR, RT2 and RT3 are always
made with the flaps in the DOWN position and the magnitude of
these adjustments will be based on the values of VC, VL and VR
measured with flaps in the UP position.
Revised: 4/25/83
1K19
WARNING
All adjustments must be made with the motor power off.
CAUTION
Ascertain that all electrical power to the flap control system is OFF.
(Pull flap control and motor circuit breakers, set battery master
switch OFF and have no external power applied to the aircraft.)
1. Remove access plates on the false spar at wing stations 92.50 and 101.0 for both right and left
wings.
2. Remove access plates on the bottom of the wings at wing stations 82.75 and 92.50.
3. Ascertain that the flap position sender arm is free to rotate on the rheostat shaft and that the
linkage rod is set at the proper length. (See Figure 5-30, Sketch A.)
4. With the transmission assemblies NOT attached to the flaps and turned in all the way to the
ball nut seat, ascertain that the flaps are free to roll full travel on the flap tracks.
5. By manually moving the flap, adjust the UP limit actuating bolt so that the switch is actuated
with .03 inch maximum gap between the rollers and the end of the flap track slots. (See Figure 5-30, Sketch B.)
NOTE
It is the intent here that the electrical limit be reached just prior to the
mechanical bottoming-out of the rollers in the slot.
6. Repeat the procedure of Step 5 preceding, to adjust the DOWN limit switch. (See preceding
NOTE.)
7. With the flaps resting on a .06 inch diameter rod between the rollers and the end of the flap
track slots, turn the transmission sleeves out from their forward stops approximately 32turns, align the attach-
ment holes in the sleeves with the holes in their respective flap horns and temporarily install the attachment
bolts. The difference in the number of turns between the right and left transmissions should not exceed 1/2
turn.
8. Check for proper alignment of sleeve and flap horn. Should the sleeve and horn not align,
loosen the bolts attaching the horn to the flap enough to allow the horn to be moved by tapping to achieve
proper alignment. Retorque horn attachment bolts.
9. With the sleeve and horn properly aligned, connect the sleeve to the horn with bolt and
castellated nut. Tighten the nut so as to allow .03 inches thrust play of the bolt. Install cotter pin.
10. Connect the flexible drive shafts to the transmissions. Be sure that the splines are properly
engaged and run the shaft attaching nut on finger tight. Safety with MS20995C41 wire.
11. Remove the covers from RT2 and RT3 on flap control amplifier and ascertain that both
trimmers are in their full clockwise position (maximum resistance).
12. Apply external power to the aircraft and establish bus voltage at 28 ± .5-volts.
13. Place the flap selector in the DOWN position.
14. Engage flap control circuit breaker - DO NOT engage flap motor circuit breaker at this time.
Allow five minute warm-up time.
15. Measure VC voltage at RC and adjust voltages VL and VR to 0.20-volts below VC by rotating
the shafts on rheostats RL and RR in the wings. (If VC is 9.0; VL and VR are to be 8.80-volts.)
16. Lock actuator arms on rheostat shafts. Remeasure VC, VL and VR to be sure they are still
the same values. Readjust if necessary. Record voltages on work sheet.
17. Move flap selector to the UP position. Listen for audible click of motor solenoid. If solenoid
does not actuate check wiring for proper interconnect.

1K20
A406
ACTUATOR ARM
SKETCHA
LIMIT
LIMIT
SKETCHB
Figure 5-25. Flap Rigging Adjustment (Calco)
Revised: 1/5/84 121 SURFACE CONTROLS

1K21
18. Move flap selector back to full DOWN position.

19. Engage flap motor circuit breaker and move selector to fullUP flaps. When the flaps stop
moving (actuating arm may not engagethe UP limitswitch) recordsystemvoltageson a worksheetas follows:
VC VL VR
DOWN Position X-XX X-XX X-XX
UP Position X-XX X-XX X-XX
20. The values at the DOWN position have already been established for VC, VL and VR in Step
15.At this time enter the readings for VC, VL and VR at the UP position.The worksheetmight nowresemble
the followingexample(Voltage valuesused in this exampleare for illustrative purposesonly. They are NOT
system requirements):
VC VL VR
DOWN Position 9.15 8.95 8.95
UP Position 4.06 *4.42 *4.36
(a) *If VL and VR in the preceding example differ by more than .5-volts,an out of sync.
shutdown has occurred due to an actuator arm beingloose on the rheostat shaft. If this
has happened,select flapsfull DOWNand placea jumper wirebetweenRL and RR at the
amplifier. Pull flap motor circuit breaker and readjust voltages at RR and RL as per
Step 15 and begin again.
(b) *If VL isequal to or lessthan VC,the system has shutdown becausethe amplifierseesthat
voltage inputs from position selector (VC) and the position sensor (VL) have been
satisfied.
21. If the system has completed a full stroke (up limit switch has been engaged)and the flap
position indicator reads correctly, no further adjustment is necessary.(It is consideredacceptable if the indi-
cator pointer centerline is even with the upper or lower edge of the indicator graduation mark.) If position
and/or indicator criteria are not satisfied, proceed as follows:
CAUTION
No adjustments are to be made at the wing rheostats (RL and RR)
until the flap motor circuit breaker is pulled.
(a) VL at the UP position should be equal to VC (within . -volts, +0-.05-volts).From the
example in Step 20 preceding, it can be seen that VL is too high in relation to VC by
.36-volts.
(b) In order to correct this condition, it is necessary to adjust the value of VL both me-
chanicallyand electricallywhile in the DOWN position as follows:
(1) While in the DOWN position(VL should again read 8.95-volts),loosenthe actuator
arm on RL and mechanicallyrotate the RL shaft until the VL readingis reducedby
twice the differencebetween VC and VL noted in exampleof Step 15in preceding
Paragraph 5-93. (i.e. 8.95 - (2x.36) = 8.95 - .72 = 8.23-volts.)
(2) With the VL voltage at 8.23-volts, tighten the actuator arm on the RL shaft and
return VL electricallyto its original value of 8.95-volts(.2-voltslessthan VCwhich
is 9.15-volts)by turning the trim pot RT2 in the amplifier counterclockwise.
22. Make the same adjustmentto RR in the same sequenceas done on RL, i.e.,first mechanically
to twice the difference of the voltage error, then electrically(with RT3) back to the original value (of 8.95-
volts). However, VR may be adjusted to within .01-voltsof VC in order to givea correct indicator presenta-
tion.

1K22
Figure 5-26. Amplifier - Electrical Schematic. P N 8482 (Calco)

1K23
Figure 5-26. Amplifier - Electrical Schematic. P/N 8482 (Calco) (cont.)

1K24
23. Reinstate flap motor circuit breaker and select flaps full UP. Record voltages as per Step 19
and repeat procedures if required. No more than two repeats should be necessary.
24. After the system is properly rigged for stroke and position indication, place the positive probe
of the digital voltmeter in "RR" at the amplifier and the negative lead in "RL". Select the flaps full DOWN
and monitor the voltage throughout the extension. Voltage is not to exceed .15-volts at any time.
NOTE
The system should be allowed to warm-up for approximately five

minutes before making any electrical adjustments.
25. It is considered to be a proper flap position indication if the centerline of the indicator pointer
is within (or even with) the edges of the target instrument marking.
5-94. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL TEST PROCEDURE.
NOTE
The serviceman should refer to Figure 5-31 for the schematic diagram
of the flap amplifier and Sections 7 and 8 for complete electrical
system when accomplishing this test procedure. To gain access to the
system components refer to the appropriate Removal and Installa-
tion Instructions in this section of the manual.
a. Pull all Circuit Breakers to the OUT position.

b. Actuate the Flap Motor and Flap Control Circuit Breakers.
c. Turn ON Battery Master Switch or connect External Power to aircraft.
d. Operate the flap selector handle in the control box and observe UP and DOWN operation of wing
flaps.
e. If the wing flaps fail to operate, check fault light. If fault light is ON proceed to step m. If fault
light is OFF proceed to step f.
t f. Check for 27.5 volts at motor contactor and Pin I of connector J I (Conn. E368. airframe harness)
to verify circuit breakers and wiring are not defective.
g. Check for 27.5 volts across power terminals of both K 1 and K2 relays.
h. Disconnect the flex shaft(s) from the motor assembly.
i. If the drive motor fails to operate, check the UP and DOWN limit switches in the 27.5 volt leg
of the coils of relays K I and K2. Do this by checking for 27.5 volts at the N.C. contacts on the limit switches.
j. To check the drive motor and relay operation, disconnect the electrical harness plug connector
E368 Ground relay K I at pin 6 or relay K2 at pin 4 of the connector, then fabricate a jumper lead to extend
from pin 1 (A+) of the connector to either wire lead F4E of relay KI or wire lead F4D of relay K2 to actuate
either the up or down relay and run the motor.
k. Check the 27.5 volt power at the drive motors while another person is energizing relays K I and
K2. If 27.5 volts is not present at the drive motor, the contacts of relays K1 and/or K2 are defective.
Replace defective relay(s). If the drive motor operates by energizing relays K1 and/or K2 locally, the
trouble is in the control box, the left wing potentiometer RL, the right wing potentiometer RR, or in the
flap control amplifier.
1. Reconnect the flex shaft(s) to the motor assembly and connect the electrical harness plug to
connector J1.
m. Pull the Flap Motor circuit breaker to prevent the flap motor from running for the remainder of
the test procedure.
ILl
n. Using a precision voltmeter (10 volt range) connect the negative lead to the GND test jack of the \
amplifier and the positive lead to the RC test jack. Slowly operate the flap selector handle in the control
box over its entire range. The voltage readings should be approximately + 9 volts in the down position and
approximately + 4 volts in the up position.
o. If the RC voltage readings are too high or too low, the problem is either in the harness wiring or
the control box. Test the harness wiring, if defective repair or replace the harness wiring. If the harness wiring
is good replace the control box.
p. Connect the voltmeter between test jacks RR and RL on the amplifier. If this voltage exceeds
0.5-volts the shut down is due to flap asymmetry. Correct cause of asymmetry and rerig flap system.
q. If the problem is not located at this point, the amplifier is defective and must be replaced.
r. Turn Battery Master Switch OFF or remove External Power from the aircraft.
s. Connect flex shaft(s) to motor assembly. Flex shafts nuts must be lockwired to motor assembly.
DRILL AND TAP

INCHBOLT,
FILE TO LENGTH.
34
31.625
PLACE THIS SIDE NEXTTO ELEVATOR.
14.625
DRILL AND TAP

INCHBOLT,
MATERIAL: ALUMINUMPLATE FILE TO LENGTH.
(SPARMATERIALMAYBE USED.)
Figure 5-27. Fabricated Aileron-Elevator Rigging Tool

1L2
MATERIAL: .25TO.50
ALUMINUMOR STEEL
6.50
.125
3.39
I Figure 5-28. Fabricated Bellcrank Rigging Tool

1L3
1201
22 125
POINTER .25
- 3 38,
1800
MATERIAL ALUMINUM PLATE
I Figure 5-29. Fabricated Rudder Rigging Tool

1L4
Figure 5-30. Fabricated Rudder Trim Tab Rigging Tool

1L5
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
1L6
TABLE V-III. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART (SURFACE CONTROLS)

Trouble Cause Remedy
I
AILERONCONTROLSYSTEM
Lost motion between Cabletension too low. Adjust cable tension.

control wheel and (Refer to Paragraph
aileron. 5-11.)
Linkage loose or worn. Check linkageand

tighten or replace.
Broken pulley. Replacepulley.
Cablesnot in place on Install cables correctly.
pulleys. Check cable guards.
Resistanceto control System not lubricated Lubricate system.

wheel rotation. properly.
Cable tension too high. Adjust cable tension.
(Refer to Paragraph
5-11.)
Control column Adjust chain tension.
horizontal chain (Refer to Paragraph
improperly adjusted. (5-7.)
Pulleysbindingor Replacebindingpulleys
rubbing. and/or provideclearance
between pulleysand
brackets.
Cablesnot in place on Installcables correctly.
pulleys. Check cableguards.
Bent aileron and/or Repairor replace aileron
hinge. and/or hinge.
Cablescrossedor Checkrouting of control
routed incorrectly. cables.
Control wheelsnot Incorrect control Rig in accordancewith

synchronized. column rigging. Paragraph5-7.
Reissued:
2/6/81 SURFACE CONTROLS
1L7
TABLE V-III. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (SURFACE CONTROLS) (cont.)

I I
AILERONCONTROLSYSTEM(cont.)
Control wheelsnot Incorrect riggingof Rig in accordancewith

horizontal when aileron system. Paragraph5-11.
aileronsare neutral.
Incorrect aileron Aileron control rods Adjust in accordance

travel. not adjusted properly. with Paragraph5-11.
Aileron bellcrankstops Adjust in accordance
not adjusted properly. with Paragraph5-11.
Correct aileron Incorrect riggingof Rig in accordancewith

travel cannot be aileron cables,control Paragraph5-11.
obtained by adjusting wheel and control rod.
bellcrank stops.
Control wheelstops Incorrect rigging Rig in accordancewith

before control between control wheel Paragraph5-11.
surfaces reach full and control cables.
travel.
AILERONTRIM CONTROLSYSTEM
Lost motion between Cable tension too low. Adjust in accordance

trim control wheel with Paragraph5-19.
and trim tab.
Cablesnot in place on Install cablesaccording
pulleys. to Paragraphs5-16,
5-18 and 5-19.
Broken pulley. Replacepulley.
Linkageloose or worn. Check linkageand

tighten or replace.
Trim control wheel System not lubricated Lubricate system.

moves with excessive properly.
resistance.
1L8
TABLE V-III. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART (SURFACE CONTROLS) (cont.)

Trouble Cause
I Remedy
AILERONTRIMCONTROLSYSTEM(cont.)
Trim control wheel Cabletension too high. Adjust in accordance

moves with excessive with Paragraph5-19.
resistance. (cont.)
Pulleysbindingor Replacebinding pulleys.
rubbing. Provide clearance
between pulleysand
brackets.
Cablesnot in place on Refer to Paragraphs
pulleys. 5-16, 5-18 and 5-19.
Trim tab hingebinding. Lubricatehinge. If
necessary,replace.
Cablescrossedor Check routing of control
Shaft bindingat Clean,align, lubri-
floorboard bushing. cate or replace
bushing.
Trim tab failsto System incorrectly Checkand/or adjust

reach full travel. rigged. riggingper Paragraph
5-19.
Either or both trim Check and/or adjust

drums incorrectly riggingper Paragraph
wrapped. 5-19.
Trim indicator fails Trim indicator unit not Adjust in accordance

to indicate correct adjusted properly. with Paragraph 5-50.
trim position.
1L9
Trouble
I Cause
I Remedy
ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM
Lost motion between Cable tension too low. Adjust cable tension
control wheel and per Paragraph 5-23.
elevator.
Linkage loose or worn. Check linkage and

tighten or replace.
Broken pulley. Replace pulley.
Cables not in place Install cables correctly.

on pulleys.
Resistance to elevator System not lubricated Lubricate system.

control movement. properly.
Cable tension too high. Adjust cable tension

per Paragraph 5-23.
Binding control column. Adjust and lubricate

per Paragraph 5-7.
Pulleys binding or Replace binding pulleys

rubbing. and/or provide clearance
between pulleys and
brackets.
Cables not in place on Install cables correctly.

pulleys.
Bent elevator or hinge. Repair or replace

elevator or hinge.
Cables crossed or Check routing of control

Incorrect elevator Elevator arm stops Adjust stop screws per

travel. incorrectly adjusted. Paragraph 5-23.
Elevator control rod Adjust control rod per

incorrectly adjusted. Paragraph 5-25.
I
1L10
Trouble
I Cause Remedy
ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM (cont.)
Correct elevator Elevator cables Rig cables in accordance

travel cannot be incorrectly rigged. with Paragraph 5-23.
obtained by adjusting
elevator arm stops.
ELEVATOR TRIM CONTROL SYSTEM

trim control wheel with Paragraph 5-31.
and trim tab.
Cables not in place on Install cables according

pulleys. to Paragraphs 5-28,
5-30 and 5-31.

tighten or repalce.
Trim control wheel System not lubricated Lubricate system.

resistance.
Cable tension too high. Adjust in accordance

with Paragraph 5-31.
Pulleys binding or Replace binding pulleys.

rubbing. Provide clearance between
pulleys and brackets.
Cables not in place on Refer to Paragraphs

pulleys. 5-28, 5-30 and 5-31.
Trim tab hinge binding. Lubricate hinge. If

necessary, replace.

Shaft binding at Clean, align, lubri-

floorboard bushing. cate or replace
bushing.
1L11
TABLE V-II. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (SURFACE CONTROLS) (cont.)
Trouble
I Cause
I Remedy
ELEVATOR TRIM CONTROL SYSTEM (cont.)
Trim tab fails to System incorrectly Check and/or adjust

reach full travel. rigged. rigging per Paragraph
5-23.

drums incorrectly rigging per Paragraph
wrapped. 5-19.
Trim indicator fails Trim indicator unit Adjust in accordance

to indicate correct not adjusted properly. Paragraph 5-49.
trim position.
RUDDER CONTROL SYSTEM
Lost motion between Cable tension too low. Adjust cable tension
rudder pedals and per Paragraph 5-36.
rudder.

tighten or replace.
Bolts attaching rudder Tighten bellcrank bolts.

to bellcrank are loose.
Excessive resistance System not lubricated Lubricate system.

to rudder pedal properly.
movement.
Rudder pedal torque Lubricate torque tube

tube bearing in need bearings.
of lubrication.
Cable tension too high. Adjust cable tension

per Paragraph 5-36.
I
1L12
TABLE V-lll. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (SURFACE CONTROLS) (cont.)
Trouble Cause
I Remedy
RUDDER CONTROL SYSTEM (cont.)
Pulleys binding or Replace binding pulleys

rubbing. and/or provide clearance
between pulleys and
brackets.
Cables not in place on Install cables correctly.

pulleys. Check cable guards.

Rudder pedals not Rudder cables Rig in accordance with

neutral when rudder incorrectly rigged. Paragraph 5-36.
is streamlined.
Incorrect rudder Rudder bellcrank stop Rig in accordance with

travel. incorrectly adjusted. Paragraph 5-36.
Nose wheel contacts Rig in accordance with

stops before rudder. Paragraph 5-36.
RUDDER TRIM CONTROL SYSTEM

trim control wheel with Paragraph 5-42.
and trim tab.
Cables not in place on Install cables according

5-41 and 5-42.

tighten or replace.
Reissed: 2/6/81 SURFACE CONTROLS
1L13
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE

Trouble Cause
I Remedy
RUDDERTRIMCONTROLSYSTEM(cont.)
Trim control wheel System not lubricated Lubricatesystem.

resistance.
Pulleysbinding or Replacebindingpulleys.
rubbing. Provideclearancebetween
pulleysand brackets.
Cablesnot in place on Install cables according

5-41 and 5-42.
Trim tab hinge binding. Lubricatehinge. Replace

if necessary.
Cablescrossedor Check routing of control
Trim tab fails to System incorrectly Check and/or adjust

reach full travel. rigged. riggingper Paragraph
5-42.

drums incorrectly rigging per Paragraph
wrapped. 5-42.
Trim indicator fails Trim indicator unit not Adjust in accordance

to indicate correct adjusted properly. with Paragraph 5-50.
trim position.
1L14
TABLE V-lll. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (SURFACE CONTROLS) (cont.)
FLAP CONTROL SYSTEM
Flaps fail to extend Battery switch off. Turn switch on.

or retract though
flap solenoid Flap motor circuit Reset circuit breaker.
actuates. breaker open.
(Motor circuit.)
Defective flap selector Replace selector
switch. switch.
Defective flap motor Replace relay.

circuit relay.
Ground open from flap Check ground connection.

motor circuit relay.

selector switch.
Defective flap motor. Replace motor.
Defective circuit Isolate cause and

wiring. repair.
Flaps fail to extend Battery switch off. Turn switch on.

or retract. Flap
solenoid does not Flap solenoid circuit Reset circuit breaker.
actuate. breaker open.
(Solenoid circuit.)
Defective flap selector Replace selector
switch. switch.
Defective up or down Replace defective

limit switch. switch.
Defective flap solenoid. Replace flap solenoid.

solenoid.
Defective cirucit Isolate cause and

wiring. repair.
1L15
Trouble
I Cause
I Remedy
FLAP CONTROL SYSTEM (cont.)
Flaps fail to Up limit switch Adjust flap in accordance

retract completely. incorrectly adjusted. with Paragraph 5-66.
Flaps do not Down limit switch Adjust in accordance

extend completely. incorrectly adjusted. with Paragraph 5-66.
Flaps not Incorrect adjustment of Rig in accordance with

synchronized or the transmission tube. Paragraph 5-66.
fail to fit evenly
when retracted.
Flaps have erratic Binding between Isolate cause and

operation during flexible shaft and lubricate cable if
extension and motor. required.
retraction.
Binding between track Refer to Rigging and

and rollers. Adjustment, Paragraph
5-66.
Slipping or stripped Replace transmission.

transmission.
Loose electrical Check and repair

connection. electrical connections.
Transmission needs Lubricate transmission.

lubrication.
Flap on one side Broken flexible actuator Replace flexible shaft.

fails to operate. shaft.
Defective transmission. Replace transmission.
Faulty time delay switch. Check operation in

accordance with
Paragraph 5-68.
1L16
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL

FLAP CONTROL SYSTEM (cont.)
No indication of Battery switch off. Turn switch on.

flap position on
indicator. Circuit breaker open. Reset circuit breaker.
Sender unit ground Check ground connection.

open.
Defective indicator unit. Replace indicator unit.
Defective sender unit. Replace sender unit.
Sender unit not Adjust sender unit in

adjusted properly. accordance with Paragraph
5-67.
Defective wiring. Check and repair wiring.
1L17
THISPAGE
BLANK
INTENTIONALLY
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLYBLANK
SURFACE CONTROLS 1L18 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

APPENDIX
CONTROL CABLE INSPECTION
Aircraft control cable systems are subject to a variety of environmental conditions and forms of
deterioration that, with time, may be easy to recognize as wire/strand breakage or the not-so-readily visible
types of wear, corrosion, and/or distortion. The following data may help in detecting the presence of these con-
ditions:
CABLE DAMAGE
Critical areas for wire breakage are sections of the cable which pass through fairleads and around pulleys.
To inspect each section which passes over a pulley or through a fairlead, remove cable from aircraft to the
extent necessary to expose that particular section. Examine cables for broken wires by passing a cloth along
length of cable. This will clean the cable for a visual inspection, and detect broken wires, if the cloth snags on
cable. When snags are found, closely examine cable to determine full extent of damage.
The absence of snags is not positive evidence that broken wires do not exist. Figure 1A shows a cable with
broken wires that were not detected by wiping, but were found during a visual inspection. The damage became
readily apparent (Figure 1B) when the cable was removed and bent using the techniques depicted in Figure 1C.
Figure 5-APP-1. Control Cable Inspection Technique
EXTERNALWEARPATTERNS
Wear will normally extend along cable equal to the distance cable moves at that location. Wear may occur
on one side of the cable only or on its entire circumference. Replace flexible and non-flexible cables when
individual wires in each strand appear to blend together (outer wires worn 40-50 percent) as depicted in
Figure 2.
Added: 10/15/97 1L19 SURFACE CONTROLS

INDIVIDUAL(
WORNMOR
INDIVIDUALOUTERWIRESWORNLESSTHAN40%
DISTINGUISHABLE)
(WORNAREASINDIVIDUALLY
Figure 5-APP-2. Cable Wear Pattern
CABLE
Figure 5-APP-3. Internal Cable Wear
SURFACE CONTROLS 1L20 Added: 10/15/97

INTERNAL CABLE WEAR

As wear is taking place on the exterior surface of a cable, the same condition is taking place internally,
particularly in the sections of the cable which pass over pulleys and quadrants. This condition, shown in
Figure 3, is not easily detected unless the strands of the cable are separated. Wear of this type is a result of the
relative motion between inner wire surfaces. Under certain conditions the rate of this type wear can be greater
than that occurring on the surface.
CORROSION
Carefully examine any cable for corrosion that has a broken wire in a section not in contact with wear
producing airframe components such as pulleys, fairleads, etc. It may be necessary to remove and bend the
cable to properly inspect it for internal strand corrosion as this condition is usually not evident on the outer
surface of the cable. Replace cable segments if internal strand rust or corrosion is found.
Areas especially conducive to cable corrosion are battery compartments, lavatories, wheel wells, etc.,
where concentrations of corrosive fumes, vapors, and liquids can accumulate.
- Note -
Check all exposed sections of cable for corrosion after a cleaning and/or metal-
brightening operation has been accomplished in that area.
CABLE MAINTENANCE
Frequent inspections and preservation measures such as rust prevention treatments for bare cable areas will
help to extend cable service life. Where cables pass through fairleads, pressure seals, or over pulleys, remove
accumulated heavy coatings of corrosion prevention compound. Provide corrosion protection for these cable
sections by lubricating with a light coat of graphite grease or general purpose, low-temperature oil.
- CAUTION -
AVOID USE OF VAPOR DEGREASING, STEAM CLEANING,
METHYLETHYLKETONE (MEK) OR OTHER SOLVENTS TO
REMOVE CORROSION-PREVENTATIVE COMPOUNDS, AS THESE
METHODSWILL ALSOREMOVECABLEINTERNALLUBRICANT.
CABLE FITTINGS
Check swaged terminal reference marks for an indication of cable slippage within fitting. Inspect fitting
assembly for distortion and/or broken strands at the terminal. Assure that all bearings and swivel fittings (bolted
or pinned) pivot freely to prevent binding and subsequent failure. Check turbuckles for proper thread exposure
and broken or missing safety wires/clips.
PULLEYS
Inspect pulleys for roughness, sharp edges, and presence of foreign material embedded in the grooves.
Examine pulley bearings to assure proper lubrication, smooth rotation, freedom from flat spots, dirt, and paint
spray. Periodically rotate pulleys, which turn through a small arc, to provide a new bearing surface for the
cable. Maintain pulley alignment to prevent the cable from riding on flanges and chafing against guards,
covers, or adjacent structure. Check all pulley brackets and guards for damage, alignment, and security.
Added: 10/15/97 1L21 SURFACECONTROLS

EXCESSIVECABLEWEAR PULLEYMISAUGNMENT
PULLEYTO LARGEFOR CABLE CABLEMISAULIGNMENT
FROZENBEARING NORMALCONDITION
Figure 5-APP-4. Pulley Wear Patterns
PULLEY WEAR PATTERNS

Various cable system malfunctions may be detected by analyzing pulley conditions. These include such
discrepancies as too much tension, misalignment, pulley bearing problems, and size mismatches between
cables and pulleys. Examples of these conditions are shown in Figure 4.
SURFACE CONTROLS 1L22 Added: 10/15/97

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1L23 SURFACECONTROLS

SURFACE CONTROLS
1L24 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD2 OF8
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2,1984
PARTNUMBER
753826 2A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997
SERIAL NUMBER INFORMATION

PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
PA-31T1, CHEYENNE I
Serial Numbers 31T-1104004 to 1104017 inclusive.
AEROFICHEEXPLANATIONANDREVISIONSTATUS
Example: 2J16 Aerofiche card number two of given set, Grid location 16.
AEROFICHEEXPLANATIONAND REVISIONSTATUS(cont)
5. Revisionsto ServiceManual753 826 issuedDecember1973are as follows:
Revision PublicationDate AeroficheCard Effectivity
ORG731208 December8, 1973
CR810206 February6, 1981 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September23, 1981 1, 2,3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810925 September25, 1981 1 Only
PR820215 February15, 1982 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October15, 1982 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6,7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January5, 1984 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6,7 and 8
PR840323 March23, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
IR860220 February20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30,1986 3
IR860821 August21, 1986 1
IR871009 June 15, 1988 2
IR900313 March 13, 1990 1
IR941019 October19, 1994 1 and 2
IR950320 March 20, 1995 1
IR971015 * October15, 1997 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
* INTERIMREVISIONTO SERVICEMANUAL753-826
Revisionsappearin all eight Aerofichecards. Discardyour entireexisting
Aerofichecard set (Cards 1 - 8) and replaceit with the revisedAerofiche
Consult the CustomerService InformationCatalogAerofiche(P/N 1753-755)for currentrevisiondates for this
manual.

SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
SECTIONINDEX
SECTION CARDNO. 1
AEROFICHE GRIDNO.
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
II HANDLINGANDSERVICING 1A22
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROFICHECARDNO. 2
VII LANDINGGEARANDBRAKESYSTEM 2D19
VIII POWERPLANT( PA-31TAND PA-31T1) 2111
AEROFICHECARDNO. 3
VIIIA POWERPLANT( PA-31T2) 3A8
IX FUELSYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARDNO. 4
AEROFICHECARDNO.5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
XIII ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLSYSTEM
( PA-31TAND )
PA-31T1 5B1
CARDNO.6
AEROFICHE
XIIIA CONTROLSYSTEM(PA-31T2)
ENVIRONMENTAL 6A8
XIV ANDUTILITIES
ACCESSORIES 6C1
AEROFICHECARDNO.7
XV ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS
( PA-31TANDPA-31T1) 7A5
CARDNO. 8
AEROFICHE
XVA ( PA-31T2)
ELECTRICALSCHEMATICS 8A5

Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
6-1. Schematic Diagram of Hydraulic System With Gear Door Actuators ............................ 2A16
6-1a. Schematic Diagram of Hydraulic System Without Gear Door Actuators ........................ 2A 17
6-2. Schematic of Power Pack Electrical System ..................................................... 2A18
6-3. Power Pack Installation ........ ................................ ............... 2B2
6-4. Location of Power Pack Components (Ozone) . ................................................. 2B3
6-5. Hydraulic Power Pack (Ozone) .............. .................................. 2B5
6-6. Power Pack Manifold (Ozone) ........... .. ................................ 2B9
6-7. Power Pack Handle-Release (Ozone) ......... ..................................... 2B13
6-8. Safetying Control Arms (Ozone) ........................... ...................... 2B 13
6-9. Timing of Selector Spool (Ozone) ................ ............................ 2B15 ......
6-10. Handle-Release Adjustment (Ozone) ........................................ 2B 16
6-11. Location of Power Pack Components (Wiebel Tool) .............................................. 2B20
6-12. Hydraulic Power Pack (Wiebel Tool) ............................................................... 2B21
6-13. Power Pack Manifold (Wiebel Tool) ............ ................................. .. 2B24
6-14. Power Pack Handle-Release Mechanism (Wiebel Tool) ............ ............................ 2C2
6-15. Safetying Control Arm (Wiebel Tool) .. ...... .. .......... ......................... 2C5
6-16. Indexing of Selector Spool (Wiebel Tool) ............................................... 2C6
6-17. Handle-Release Adjustment (Wiebel Tool) ....................................... .......... 2C8
6-18. Hydraulic System Schematic ........................................................................ 2C10
6-19. Hand Pump (Ozone) ........................................ .................................. 2C13
6-20. Hand Pump (Wiebel Tool) ........................................................................... 2C16
6-21. Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 2923-3) ............................................. 2C18
6-22. Nose Gear or Main Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool WTC 2115-1,
WTC 2235-1 and WTC 2236-1) ............................................................... 2C20
6-23. Main Gear Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 5107-1) ............................ ............... 2C23
6-24. Main Gear Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool WTC 2145-1 and WTC 2145-3) ................. 2D1
6-25. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 2924-3) ......... .................................... 2D2
6-26. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool, WTC 2114-1)...................................... 2D5
6-26a. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool, WTC 2218-1) ..................................... 2D8
6-27. Hydraulic Filter ................... ........................................ 2D10
6-28. Hydraulic Pump ................. ... ... ................................... 2D11
6-29. Power Pack Test Harness Schematic ......... ............................................... 2D15
7-1. Nose Gear Oleo Strut Assembly .................................. .......................
2E
7-1a. Installation of T-Rings ......... ................... ......... ............................ 2E4
7-2. Nose Landing Gear Installation ...................................................................... 2E6
7-3. Clamping Rudder Pedals in Neutral Position ....................................................... 2E14
7-4. Rudder Pedals Neutral Angle .............................. ........................... 2E14
7-5. Aligning Nose Gear .................................................................................. 2E16
7-6. Nose Gear Steering Installation ........................................................ 2E19
7-7. Main Gear Oleo Strut Assembly .................. ...................................... 2E22
7-8. Main Landing Gear Installation ................................................. ......... .. 2E24
7-8a. Aligning Main Gear .............................................................................. 2F7
7-9. Inboard Main Gear Door Hinge ..................................................................... 2F9
7-9a. Test Equipment Installation, Emergency Gear Extension System ......... ....................... 2F 2
InterimRevision: 10/15/97 2A5

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS(cont.)
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
7-9b. FabricatedTest Fitting,EmergencyGear ExtensionSystem...................................... 2F13

7-9c. Landing Gear ActuatingSystem(PA-31T2)........................................................ 2F14
7-10. Adjusting Main Gear Down Limit Switch.......................................................... 2F17
7-11. Gear WarningSwitchesInstallation.......................................................... 2F20
7-12. Nose Wheel Assembly(BF. Goodrich3-1331).................................................... 2F22
7-13. Nose Wheel Assembly(B.F.Goodrich3-1076).................................................... 2F24
7-14. Main Wheel Assembly(Goodyear9544171-1).................................................... 2G2
7-15. Main Wheel Assembly(Cleveland40-106and 40-106A)........................................ 2G7
7-16. B.F. GoodrichMainWheel Installation(3-1392and 3-1424) .................................... 2G9
7-17. B.F.GoodrichWheelRepair Limits(3-1392and 3-1424)........................................ 2G12
7-18. Wheel BrakeAssembly(Goodyear5002376)...................................................... 2G17
7-19. Rivet Head GrindingLimits (Goodyear5002376)................................................. 2G19
7-20. FabricatedRivet Tools(Goodyear5002376)....................................................... 2G20
7-21. Snow ShieldModification(Goodyear5002376).................................................. 2G21
7-22. Wear Pad-WearLimits (Goodyear5002376)....................................................... 2G22
7-23. Limits for RepaddedPressureand Back Plates(Goodyear5002376)............................ 2G22
7-24. Brake DiscVisualCheck for ServiceableLimits (Goodyear5002376).......................... 2G24
7-25. Removaland Installationof AnchorBolts.......................................................... 2H6
7-26. Wheel Brake Assembly(Cleveland30-106)....................................................... 2H8
7-27. B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2 Brake Installation ......................................................... 2H10
7-27a. Brake RemovalWearLimit.......................... .................................... 2H11
7-27b. Brake RemovalWearLimit... .............................................................. 2H11
7-28. Brake Master CylinderAssembly ........................................................... 2H20
7-29. Parking Brake ValveAssembly .............................................................. 2H20
7-30. FabricatedTool,NoseGear Gauge LinkTravel.................................................... 2H21
7-31. FabricatedTool,Main Gear Side BraceLinkTravel .............................................. 2H22
7-32. FabricatedTool,Main Gear Toe-inAdjustment.................................................... 2H23
7-33. Nose Gear WearLimits .............................................................................. 214
7-34. Main Gear WearLimits .............................................................................. 217
8-1. Engine Cowling ....................................................................................... 2116
8-2. Engine Air Inlet Ice ProtectionSystem............................................................. 2120
8-2a. Air Inlet Ice ProtectionSystem (S/N31T-8304001and up) ...................................... 221
8-2b. SpecialEquipmentfor RiggingInertialSeparatorDoors
(S/N31T-8304001and up) ...................................................................... 2122
8-3. Oil CoolerDoor Installation......................................................................... 2123
8-4. PropellerInstallation................................................................................. 212
8-5. Typical Nicks and Removal Method ................................................................ 2J3
8-6. Engine Installation(Typical)................... ........ 2...........9.............2J9
8-7. ThrottleControlCable HandlingProcedure........................................................ 2J13
8-8. EngineControls....................................................................................... 2 15
8-9. Low PitchStop SwitchAdjustment................................................................. 2J22
8-10. Minor TorqueAdjustment...........................................................................2K3
8-11. RunningAdjustmentSettings.................................................................. .2K6
2A6
Revised:1/5/84
(cont.)
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
8-11a. Fuel NozzleAdapterInspection............................................. 2K24

8-12. Fuel ManifoldTestRig ......... ......... .................. ....... 2L2
8-13. Oil Filter Element. ........ ........... 2.................2L6
8-14. TorqueSystemCalibration............. ......... ......... ....................... 2L9
8-15. CheyenneIA TorquemeterTestSetup ........... ................ .................... 2L12
8-16. CheyenneIA TorquemeterTransducerTest Setup............................................... 2L13
8-17. T5 ThermocoupleHarnessLoop ResistanceCheck ............................................... 2L15
8-18. T5 HarnessInsulationResistanceCheck ........................................ 2L15
8-19. Inter-TurbineTemperatureCalibrationCheck........... ......... ................. 2L16

2A7
LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No.
VI-I. Leading Particulars,HydraulicPowerPack (Ozone).............................................. 2A20

VI-II. Leading Particulars,Hydraulic Power Pack (Wiebel Tool) ....................................... 2A21
VI-II. Inspectionand Repair,HydraulicPump ............................................................ 2D12
VI-IV. Troubleshooting,HydraulicSystem................................................................. 2D16
VII-I. Inspection Limits (Goodyear 9544171-4) .......................................................... 2G5
VII-II. InspectionLimits (Goodyear5002376)............................................................. 2H1
II-m. Brake WearLimits (B.F.Goodrich,2-1435-2)..................................................... 2H15
VII-IV. TroubleshootingChart (Brakes)(B.F.Goodrich2-1435-2)....................................... 2H17
VII-V. TroubleshootingChart (Landing Gear System) .............................................. .2H24
VI-I. Propeller Specifications............................................................................. 24
VI-II. List of VendorPublications.......................................................................... 2J4
VIII-III. TroubleshootingChart (Fuel Scavenger System) .................................................. 2L1
VIII-IV. TorqueSystem CalibrationData..................................................................... 2L9
VIII-V. CheyenneIA TorquemeterCalibrationData ....................................................... 2L12
VIII-VI. CheyenneIA TorquemeterTransducerPressureTestSpecifications.............................2L13
VIII-VII. TroubleshootingChart (Engine)..................................................................... 2L18
2A8 Revised: 1/5/84

LIST OF CHARTS
Aerofiche
Chart Grid No.
8-1. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet (PA-31T) ..................... ....... ........ 2K11
8-2. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet (PA-31T1)....................... .................. 2K12
8-3. 2000 RPM Torque Curve ........... .................................................... 2K13
8-4. Fuel Flow (PA-31T) .................................................................................. 2K14
8-5. Gas Generator Speed/Data Plate Speed (PA-31T) ................................................ 2K15
8-6. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31T).................................................. 2K16
8-7. Torque (PA-31T). ................... .................................... 2K17
8-8. Data Plate Speed Ratio Curve (PA-31T) ...................... ............. 2K18..
2K 18
8-9. Fuel Flow (PA-31T) .. ....... ....... ............................ 2K19
8-10. Gas Generator Speed ................................................................................ 2K19
8-11. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31T1) ..... ..... .............................. 2K20
8-12. Torque (PA-31T1) .................................................................................... 2K20
Revised:4/25/83 2A9
SECTION
VI
SYSTEM
HYDRAUUC
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
6-1. Introduction ....................

6-2. Description and Principleof Operation.............................. 2A14
6-3. Troubleshooting ........................................... 2A15
6-4. Flushing Hydraulic System ..................................... 2A19
6-5. Hydraulic System OperationalChecks .............................. 2A19
6-6. Hydraulic Test Unit (Piper No. 753 080) ............................. 2A19
6-7. Introduction (Piper Test Unit) ............................. 2A19
6-8. ConnectingTest Unit .................................. 2A19
6-9. CyclingLandingGear .................................. 2A22
6-10. CheckingTime Delay Valve ............................. 2A22
6-11. CheckingHandleRelease to Neutral .......................... 2A23
6-12. CheckingPriority Valve ................................. 2A23
6-13. CheckingMain Relief Valve 2A24
6-14. CheckingHand Pump Relief Valve 2A24
6-15. Checkingfor Suction Air Leakage ........................... 2A24
6-16. CheckingLandingGear CycleTime . ..................... 2B1
6-17. DisconnectingTest Unit ............................... 2B1
6-18. Hydraulic Test Unit (Optional) .................................. 2B1
6-19. Hydraulic Power Pack (Ozone) ................................... 2B4
6-20. Removalof PowerPack ................................. 2B4
6-21. Disassemblyof Power Pack ............................... 2B4
6-22. Disassemblyof Manifold ................................ 2B7
6-23. Disassemblyof Hand Pump Suction Screen ..................... 2B8
6-24. Disassemblyof Hand Pump Relief Valve ....................... 2B8
6-25. Disassemblyof Main Relief Valve ........................... 2B8
6-26. Disassemblyof Priority Valve ............................. 2B8
6-27. Disassemblyof Hand Pump Check Valve ....................... 2B8
6-28. Disassemblyof Standpipe and Filter ......................... 2B8
6-29. Disassemblyof Door Vent Valve ............................ 2B10
6-30. Disassemblyof LandingGear Handleand Handle-ReleaseMechanism 2B10
Revised: 4/25/83
2A10
Aerofiche
Paragaph Grid No.
6-31. Cleaning,Inspection and Repair of Power Pack ........... ........ 2B10
6-32. Assemblyof PowerPack ........................ ........ 2B10
6-33. Assemblyof DoorVent Valve ..................... ........ 2BO1
6-34. Assemblyof Standpipe and Filter ................... ........ 2B11
6-35. Assemblyof HandPump Check Valve ................ ........ 2B11
6-36. Assemblyof Priority Valve ....................... ........ 2B11
6-37. Assemblyof MainRelief Valve ..................... ........ 2B11
6-38. Assemblyof Hand Pump Relief Valve ................. ........ 2B11
6-39. Assemblyof Hand Pump Suction Screen ............... ........ 2B12
6-40. Assemblyof Manifold ......................... ........ 2B12
6-41. Assemblyof PowerPack Handle-ReleaseMechanism ........ ........ 2B14
642. Installation of Manifold ......... .............. ........ 2B14
643. Installation and Adjustment of Inboard Gear Doors Solenoid Valve Switch . . . 2B15
644. Power Pack Bench Test Adjustment .................. ........ 2B16
645. Adjustment of Handle-ReleaseMechanism .............. ........ 2B17
646. Adjustment of Hand Pump Relief Valve ............... ........ 2B17
6-47. Adjustment of Main Relief Valve ................... ........ 2B17
6-48. Adjustment of Priority Valve ...................... ........ 2B18
649. Adjustment of Door SolenoidValve .................. ........ 2B18
6-50. Testing of Door Vent Valve ...................... ........ 2B18
6-51. Assemblyof PowerPack ........................ ........ 2B18
6-52. Testing Reservoirfor Leakage ..................... ........ 2B18
6-53. HydraulicPower Pack (WiebelTool) ....................... ........ 2B19
6-54. Removalof PowerPack ......................... ........ 2B19
6-55. Disassemblyof PowerPack ....................... ........ 2B19
6-56. Disassemblyof Manifold ........................ ........ 2B23
6-57. Disassemblyof Hand Pump Suctiori Screen ............. ........ 2B23
6-58. Disassemblyof Hand Pump Relief Valve ............... 2B23 .
6-59. Disassemblyof Main Relief Valve ................... ........ 2C1
6-60. Disssembly of Priority Valve ..................... ........ 2C1
6-61. Disassemblyof Hand Pump Check Valve ............... ........ 2C1
6-62. Disassemblyof Standpipe- Filter ................... ........ 2C1
6-63. Disassemblyof Vent Filter ....................... ........ 2C1
6-64. Disassemblyof Door Vent Valve .................... ........ 2C1
6-65. Disassemblyof Time DelayCheck Valve ............... ........ 2C1
6-66. Disassemblyof LandingGear Spring Cartridge Assembly ..... ........ 2C1
6-67. Disassemblyof LandingGear Handle ReleaseMechanism ..... ........ 2C2
6-68. Cleaning,Inspection and Repair of Power Pack ........... ........ 2C2
6-69. Assemblyof PowerPack ........................ ........ 2C2
6-70. Assemblyof Time DelayCheck Valve ................. ........ 2C3
6-71. Assemblyof Door Vent Valve ..................... ........ 2C3
6-72. Assemblyof Vent Filter ........................ ........ 2C3
6-73. Assemblyof Standpipe-Filter ..................... ........ 2C3
6-74. Assemblyof Hand Pump Check Valve ................ ........ 2C3
6-75. Assemblyof Priority Valve ....................... ........ 2C3
6-76. Assemblyof Main Relief Valve ..................... ........ 2C3
6-77. Assemblyof Hand Pump Relief Valve ................. ........ 2C4
Reissued: 2/6/81
2 All
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
6-78. Assembly of Hand Pump Suction Screen .................. ..... 2C4

6-79. Assembly of Reservoir .................. .................. 2C4
6-80. Assembly of Manifold .................................. 2C4
6-81. Assemblyof PowerPack Handle ReleaseMechanism ................ 2C5
6-82. Installation of Manifold ..................... ... 2C6
6-83. Installation and Adjustment of Inboard Gear Doors Switch ..... ....... 2C7
6-84. Power Pack BenchTest Adjustment .......................... 2C7
685. Adjustment of Handle-ReleaseMechanism ...................... 2C7
6-86. Adjustment of Hand Pump Relief Valve ............... ........ 2C8
6-87. Adjustment of Main Relief Valve ........................... 2C8
6-88. Adjustment of Priority Valve .............................. 2C9
6-89. Adjustment of Door SolenoidValve .......................... 2C9
6-90. Adjustment of Door Vent Valve ............................ 2C9
6-91. Assembly of PowerPack ................................ . 2C9
6-92. Testing Reservoirfor Leakage ............................. 2C9
6-93. Installation of PowerPack ..... .......... .............. 2C11
6-94. Landing Gear Selector Handle Mechanism ............................ 2C11
6-95. Operation of Gear Selector Handle Mechanism 2C11
6-96. Inspection of LandingGear Selector Handle ........ ..... ...... 2C11
6-97. Adjustment of Landing Gear Selector Handle .................... 2C11
6-98. Filling HydraulicReservoir ............................... 2C12
6-99. Bleeding the HydraulicSystem ............................ 2C12
6-100. Hand Pump (Emergency)(Ozone) ................................. 2C12
6-101. Removal of Hand Pump ................................. 2C12
6-102. Disassemblyof Hand Pumg ............................... 2C12
6-103. Cleaning,Inspection and Repair of Hand Pump ................... 2C14
6-104. Assemblyof Hand Pump ............. .... . 2C14
6-105. Installation of Hand Pump ............................... 2C14
6-106. BleedingHand Pump .................................. 2C14
6-107. Hand Pump Test ..................................... 2C14
6-108. Hand Pump (Emergency) (WiebelTool) ......... ................... 2C15
6-109. Removal of Hand Pump ................................. 2C15
6-110. Disassemblyof Hand Pump ............................... 2C15
6-111. Cleaning,Inspection and Repair of Hand Pump ................... 2C15
6-112. Assemblyof Hand Pump ................................ 2C15
6-113. Installation of Hand Pump ............................... 2C17
6-114. Bleeding Hand Pump .................................. 2C17
6-115. HandPumpTest ..................................... 2C17
6-116. Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder(Ozone) ................. .......... 2C19
6-117. Removal of Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder ...................... 2C19
6-118. Disassemblyof NoseGear Actuating Cylinder .................... 2C19
6-119. Cleaning,Inspection and Repair of Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder ........ 2C19
6-120. Assemblyof Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder ..................... 2C19
6-121. Installation of Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder .................... 2C19
Reissued:2/6/81
2A12
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
6-122. Nose or Main Gear Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool WTC 2115-1,
WTC 2235 and WTC 2236-1) ............................................ 2C21
6-123. Removal of Nose or Main Gear Actuating Cylinder . ............ 2C21
6-124. Disassembly of Nose or Main Gear Actuating Cylinder ............... 2C21
6-125. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Nose or Main Gear
Actuating Cylinder ............................................. 2C21
6-126. Assembly of Nose or Main Gear Actuating Cylinder ................. 2C21
6-127. Installation of Nose or Main Gear Actuating Cylinder ............ 2C21
6-128. Main Gear Actuating Cylinders (Ozone) ..................................... 2C22
6-129. Removal of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders . ........................ 2C22
6-130. Disassembly of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders . ............. 2C22
6-131. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders .... 2C22
6-132. Assembly of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders . ....................... 2C22
6-133. Installation of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders.................. ..... 2C22
6-134. Main Gear Actuating Cylinders (Wiebel Tool WTC 2145-1 and WTC 2145-3) .... 2C24
6-135. Removal of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders.......................... 2C24
6-136. Disassemblyof Main Gear Actuating Cylinders....................... 2C24
6-137. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders ..... 2C24
6-138. Assemblyof Main Gear Actuating Cylinders ......................... 2C24
6-139. Installation of Main Gear Actuating Cylinders........................ 2C24
6-140. Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (Ozone) ............................... ....... 224
6-141. Removal of Gear Door Actuating Cylinders(OAS2924-3).............. 2C24
6-142. Disassemblyof Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (OAS2924-3)........... 2C24
6-143. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Gear Door Actuating
Cylinders (OAS2924-3)................................... 2D3
6-144. Assemblyof Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (OAS2924-3). .......... 2D3
6-145. Installation of Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (OAS2924-3)............ 2D3
6-146. Gear Door Actuating Cylinders(WiebelTool) ................................ 2D4
6-147. Removal of Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (WTC 2114-1)............. 2D4
6-148. Disassemblyof Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (WTC 2114-1).......... 2D4
6-149. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Gear Door Actuating Cylinders ..... 2D4
6-150. Assemblyof Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (WTC 2114-1)............. 2D4
6-151. Installation of Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (WTC 2114-1) .......... 2D6
6-151a. Removal of Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (WTC 2218-1)............. 2D6
6-151b. Disassemblyof Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (WTC 2218-1)......... 2D6
6-151c. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Gear Door Actuating
Cylinders (WTC 2218-1)......................................... 26
6-151d. Assemblyof Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (WTC 2218-1)............ 2D6
6-15 e. Installation of Gear Door Actuating Cylinders (WTC 2218-1). .......... 2D7
6-152. Hydraulic Lines ........................................................... 2D7
6-153. Removal and Installation of Hydraulic Lines .................. ....... 2D7
6-154. Hydraulic Filter ........................................................... 2D7
6-155. Removal and Installation of Hydraulic Filter .... ..................... 2D7
6-156. Replacementof Filter Element . .................................... 2D9
6-157. Hydraulic Pump ........................................................... 2D9
6-158. Hydraulic Pump Operational Check . ................................ 2D9
6-159. Procedure After Engine Driven Hydraulic Pump Failure . .............. 2D9
6-160. Removal of Hydraulic Pump ....................................... 2D9
6-161. Disassemblyof Hydraulic Pump .................................... 2D10
6-162. Cleaning, Inspection, Repair of Hydraulic Pump ...................... 2D13
6-163. Assemblyof Hydraulic Pump ................................... 213
6-164. Installation of Hydraulic Pump .................................... 2D14
6-165. Priming Hydraulic Pump ............. ............................. 2D14
6-166. Hydraulic System Failure ............................................... 2D14
6-167. High Altitude Gear Operation ............................................... 2D15
Revised:1/5/84 2A13
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
SECTIONVI
HYDRAULICSYSTEM
6-1. INTRODUCTION.The hydraulic system components covered in this section consist of Power Pack,
hand pump, actuating cylinders, hydraulic lines, filters and hydraulic pump. The brake system, although
hydraulically operated, is not included in this section. The brake system along with landinggear is covered
in Section VII.
This section also provides instructions for remedying difficultieswhich may arise in the operation of
the hydraulic system. The instructions are organized so that the mechanic can refer to: Principles of
Operation, for a basic understandingof the system;Troubleshooting,for a methodical approach in locating
the difficulty; CorrectiveMaintenance,for removal, repair and installation of components; and Adjustments
and Tests, for the operation of the repaired system.
CAUTION
Prior to starting any investigationof the hydraulic system, place

the airplaneon jacks. (Refer to Jacking, Section II.)
6-2. DESCRIPTIONAND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. The hydraulic power pack is located in the
fuselagenose section just aft of the nose baggagecompartment, and is operated by a selector lever in the
shape of a wheel mounted to the right of the left control column. The power pack contains the system
reservoir and assorted valves which control the system operation. The power pack works in conjunction
with various electrical switchesand solenoidvalvesto perform the desiredsequenceof operation as selected
by the control lever in the cockpit. Movementof the selector lever operates a control arm on the power
pack through the use of a flexible cable assemblyand connectingarms. A solenoidoperated lock is located
behind the instrument panel as part of the selector assembly to prevent the lever from beingmovedto the
up position while the airplane is on the ground. (Weightof the airplaneon the landing gear.)This solenoid
is spring-loadedto the locked position and is activated by an anti-retraction (squat) switch mounted on the
left main gear, upper torque link. The anti-retractton switch will also sound a warninghorn if the selector
lever is moved to the gearup position while the aircraft is on the ground and the master switch is ON. If the
selector handle can be movedto the up position while the airplaneis on the ground, it is an indication of an
improperly adjusted selector mechanism or the anti-retraction system is inoperative. The anti-retraction
switch is actuated by the last .250 of an inch of oleo extension. Whenthe selector is moved to either the up
or down position, it is locked in place by the action of the handle release valve at the power pack, acting
against the release mechanismdetent. The handle will remain in this position until it is manuallyreleased or
until fluid pressure in the actuator and lock release reaches a preset pressure. At this time, the pressure
forces the plunger in the lock releasedown, allowing the lever to return to either the up or down neutral
position. (Depending on what the selector lever was set to.) An electrically operated door solenoid valve
located in the power pack will position itself in the door (main inboard geardoors) open position when the
selector lever is placed in the up or down position with the master switch on; this valveis spring-loadedin
the open position and requires electrical current to remain in the closed position. In the event of an
electrical failure, the valve will position itself in the open position and allow the doors to open when the
selector lever is actuated and hydraulic pressurerouted through the system.
The engine driven hydraulic pumps draw fluid from the powerpack reservoirand pump it through the
system filters mounted on the engineside of the fire wall, and check valvesback to the pressureport of the
power pack. Within the power pack, fluid travelsinto the gear door solenoidvalveand landing gearselector
pressure chamber. When the selector valveis in the neutral position, the fluid travels through the landing
gearselector valveback to the reservoir.
Revised: 2/15/82 HYDRAULICSYSTEM

2A14
When the selector valve is moved either to the up or down position, it electrically actuates the door
solenoidvalveto the open position, thus allowingfluid to flow through the door solenoidvalveand into the
hydraulic cylinders thus opening the doors. During the time the doors open, the gear priority valveremains
closed as less pressure is required to operate the door cylinders. After the gear doors have opened, pressure
continues to build up enough to allow the priority valveto open and permit fluid to flow through the gear
selector valve to the gear actuating cylinders, thus allowing the gear to move to the selected up or down
position.
After the gear has moved to the full up or down position, limit switchesare actuated which cause the
electrically operated door solenoid valve to move to the door closed position, allowingthe door actuating
cylinders to close the gear doors. When the doors have fully closed, pressure builds up in the time delay
valve, operated by pressure in the closed door cylinders. The valve opens and allows fluid to flow to the
handle releasevalve, thus returning the selector lever to neutral. With the selector in neutral, fluid is allowed
to circulate backto the reservoir.
The main relief valvefunctions as a safety between the pump and selector valves.Whenthe main relief
valve opens, fluid is directed back to the reservoir.The hand pump relief valve also serves as a secondary
relief valve. Valve operating pressures can be found in Table VI-I for Ozone PowerPack or Table VI-II for
WiebelTool Power Pack.
The thermal relief vent valve functions as a safety to relievepressure due to thermal expansionin the
geardoor actuating cylinders.
The hand pump servesas an emergencypump, should the engine drivenpumps fail. The system check
valvesprevent the fluid from backingup through the enginedriven pumps into the reservoir.In the event of
severeleakageof the hydraulic fluid, the standpipe in the reservoirprevents the fluid level from dropping
below the emergencyquantity required for the operation of the system by means of the hand pump. The
engine driven pumps are supplied with fluid through the standpipe, so that when the fluid levelgoes below
the top of the standpipe, no fluid will flow. Thus, even though the system may develop a break, and the
engine driven pumps continue to operate, devouringthe system of fluid, the standpipe insures enough fluid
in the reservoirfor hand pump operation.
In case of an electrical failure, the door solenoid valve will move (spring pressure) to the door open
position and remain in that position. The doors will not open until the selector lever is movedto the gear
down position.
6-3. TROUBLESHOOTING.Malfunctionsof the hydraulic system will result in failure of the landinggear
to operate properly. When trouble arises, jack up the airplane (refer to Jacking, Section II), and then
proceed to determine the extent of the trouble. Generally, hydraulic system troubles fall into two types;
troubles involving the hydraulic supplyingsystem and troubles in the landing gear hydraulic system. The
extent of trouble can be found by operating the selector valveon the PowerPack. Table VI-IV, at the back
of this section, lists the troubles which may be encountered and their probable cause, and suggestsa remedy
for the trouble involved.A hydraulic system operationalcheck may be conducted beginningwith Paragraph
6-5. When the trouble has been recognized,the first step in troubleshootingis isolatingthe cause.Hydraulic
system troubles are not alwaystraceable to one cause.It is possiblethat a malfunction may be the result of
more than one difficulty within the system. Startingfirst with the most obviousand most probable reasons
for the trouble, check each possibilityin turn and, by process of elimination,isolate the troubles.
NOTE
If it is found that the Power Pack is at fault and requires
disassembly,it is recommendedthat it be replacedon an exchange
basis or overhauledby a recommendedoverhaulshop. If, however,
this cannot be achieved, the Power Pack may be repaired in
accordancewith the instructions in this manual.
Reissued: 2/6/81 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
2A15
1361
NOTE:
GEARIS SHOWNDOWNAND LOCKED.DOORS
HANDLEIN NEUTRAL
CLOSEDANDSELECTOR
POWERON
MAINGEAR
DOORACTUATOR
DEAR EXTENDED
DOOR CLOSED
Figure 6-1. Schematic Diagram of Hydraulic System With Gear Door Actuators

2A16
NOTE
GEAR IS SHOWN DOWN AND LOCKED
AND SELECTOR HANDLE IN NEUTRAL
1 ENGINE DRIVEN HYDRAULIC PUMP

11 2 FILTER 11
3 DUAL PUMP CHECKVALVE
4 PRESSUREPORT
5 SUCTION - FILL
6 HAND PUMP CHECKVALVE
7 HAND PUMP
8 GEAR SELECTORHANDLE
9 NOSE GEAR ACTUATOR
10 RESTRICTORVALVE
11 MAIN GEAR ACTUATOR
12 POWER PACKASSEMBLY
A LOW PRESSURETHERMAL RELIEFVALVE
B TIME DELAY VALVE
C DELETED
D HAND PUMP RELIEFVALVE
E PISTON RELEASE(LOCK)
F LANDING GEAR SELECTORVALVE
G DOOR SOLENOID VALVE
H PRIORITYVALVE
I ENGINE PUMP CHECKVALVE
J MAIN RELIEFVALVE
13 PLUGS
o
Figure 6-la. Schematic Diagram of Hydraulic System Without Gear Door Actuators
Revised: 1/5/84 2A17 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

2A17
1144
ANTI-RETRACTION
GEARWARNINGHORN SOLENOID
GEAR
RN RELAY
NOTES:
1. GEAR IS SHOWN DOWN AND LOCKED, DOORS
CLOSED AND SELECTOR HANDLE IN DOWN
NEUTRAL. POWER ON
2. POWER ON - DOORS CLOSED
POWER OFF - DOORS OPEN
Figure 6-2. Schematicof PowerPack Electrical System
Revised:2/15/82 2A18 HYDRAULICSYSTEM

6-4. FLUSHING HYDRAULIC SYSTEM. When contamination of the hydraulic system is suspected,
observe the color of hydraulic fluid in airplane's reservoir. If fluid appears discolored, or any other reason
exists to suspect fluid contamination, draw off a fluid sample by uncapping the reservoir drain at the
forward side of the Power Pack.
NOTE
Fluid sampling is necessaryonly when evidence exists to suspect
contamination.
If contamination exists, the complete system should be drained and flushed to removecontaminated fluid.
The cause and type of contaminationshould be determined and corrected. The followingsteps can be used
to remove contaminated fluid:
a. Remove the engine cowlingsas explained in Section VIII or Section VIIIA.
b. Drain the hydraulic fluid from the Power Pack reservoir.
c. Disconnectthe hydraulic linesat the enginedriven pumps.
d. Disconnect the hydraulic lines at the actuating cylinders and drain the fluid from all the
hydraulic lines.
e. Remove the filter elements and flush out the filter bowh and install new filter elements. (Refer
to Paragraph6-154.)
f. Flush the hydraulic system with clean hydraulic fluid (MIL-H-5606).Examineseals and cylinder
bores for damage.
g. When the hydraulic system is completely flushed and there is no more indication of
contamination, reconnect the previously disconnected fittings and replenish the system with clean
hydraulic fluid.
h. Bleed the hydraulic system and check for leaks. (Refer to Paragraph6-99.)
i. Replace the engine cowlingsas explained in Section VIII or Section VIIIA.
6-5. HYDRAULICSYSTEMOPERATIONALCHECKS.
6-6. HYDRAULICTEST UNIT(PIPERNO. 753 080).
6-7. INTRODUCTION(PIPER TEST UNIT). This test unit will offer invaluable assistance in checking
hydraulic systems, hydraulic Power Pack and related components. Examples are: gear cycling operation,
Power Pack operating pressure, main relief valve cracking pressure, thermal relief vent valve cracking
pressure, landinggear detent release pressure,etc.
This unit consists of an electric motor driven hydraulic pump, bypass valve, fluid reservoir, filter,
pressuregauge,hoses,and adapter fittings housed in a metal cabinet mounted on casters.
6-8. CONNECTING TEST UNIT. Connect the hydraulic test unit to the aircraft as follows:
a. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
b. If the system requires fillingonly, removethe protective cap from the suction-fill-drainvalve, and
connect the pressure hose from the test unit. Open the valve on the suction port, and by placing the control
lever in the up position, proceed to fill the system per instructions with test unit. Observethe sight gaugeon
Ozone power packs only, to determinewhen the reservoir is full or stop filling operation when fluid is seen
draining from the overflow.
c. If the systemmust be operated during various ground checks, overhaul, or inspection of its com-
ponents, remove the protective caps from both the suction and the pressure ports, and connect the test unit
pressure hose to the pressure port and the test unit suction hose to the suction port. Open the valve on the
suction port and proceed to operate the test unit according to instructions furnished with it.
Revised: 2/15/82 2A19 HYDRAULICSYSTEM

2A 19
TABLE VI-I. LEADING PARTICULARS, HYDRAULIC POWER PACK (OZONE)

NOMENCLATURE OAS2930-7
Main Relief Valve Pressure (Primary) 1875-1925PSI (-7)
Hand Pump Relief Valve Pressure 2050-2100PSI (-7)

(Secondary)
Hand Pump Relief Valve Reseat Pressure 1500PSI
Low Pressure Thermal Relief (Door Vent) 50 PSI

ValveCracking Pressure
Low Pressure Thermal Relief-(Door Vent) 150 PSI
Valve Reseat Pressure
Priority Valve Cracking Pressure 600 to 650 PSI
Engine Pump Check Valve Cracking Pressure 10 PSI
Landing Gear Handle Position Release 1650-1775PSI (-7)
Time Delay Valve 3 to 9 seconds
Hydraulic Fluid Required MIL-H-5606
Reservoir Operating Capacity (Engine Pump) 2.46 pints
Reservoir Capacity (Emergency) 0.935 pints
Weight Dry - Power Pack 10.50pounds
Hydraulic Fluid Flow Rate 1.6 G.P.M.

2A20
TABLE VI-II. LEADING PARTICULARS, HYDRAULIC POWER PACK (WIEBEL TOOL)

NOMENCLATURE WTC 2135-1
Operating Pressure 1900PSI
Main Relief Valve Pressure (Primary) 1900-1950PSI
Hand Pump Relief Valve Pressure (Secondary) 2025-2100PSI
Hand Pump Relief Valve Reseat Pressure 1900PSI Min.
Low Pressure Thermal Relief Vent Valve"Open" 0 to 100PSI
Low Pressure Thermal Relief Vent Valve"Closed" 150 PSI Max.
Priority Valve Cracking Pressure 600 to 650 PSI
Hand Pump Check ValveCracking Pressure to
1 3 PSI
Landing Gear Handle Position Release 800-1250PSI
I Time Delay Valve 5 to 9 seconds

Hydaulic Fluid Required MIL-H-5606
Weight Dry - Power Pack 10.50 pounds
Hydraulic Fluid Flow Rate (Both Pumps Operating) 1.6 G.P.M.
Revised: 2/15/82 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

2A21
6.9. CYCLINGLANDINGGEAR.
CAUTION
When cyclingthe landing gearDO NOT usethe manual hand pump
located between the pilot and copilot seats for this operation.
a. Connect the hydraulic test unit in accordance with Paragraph 6-8 and jack the airplane as
outlined in Section II.
b. Set the hydraulic test unit bypassvalveopen.
c. Start the test unit pump motor.
d. Slowly close the bypass valvecompletely.
e. Usingthe landing gear control handlein the airplane, operate the gear as desired.
NOTE
Gear cycling time can be prolonged by slowly opening the test
unit bypass valve part way. This will bleed off part of the pump
flow.
f. After completion of cycling, open the test unit bypassvalveand stop the pump motor.
g. Disconnect the hydraulic test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-17.
h. Ascertain that the landing gear selector handle is in the down neutral position, and that the
landing gearis down and locked.
i. Check the indicator lights for proper operation.
j. Remove the airplane from jacks.
6-10. CHECKINGTIMEDELAYVALVE.
a. Connect the hydraulic test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-8.
b. With test unit operating and airplanemaster switch ON, movethe landing gear selector handle to
the down position. Note the delay of the handle returning to the neutral position.
NOTE
The time delay between moving the selector handle to the down
position (master switch must be ON) and the automatic releasing
of the selector handle to neutral should be (refer to Tables VI-I or
VI-II) at room temperature. Colder temperature will cause a longer
delay.
c. If the time delay fails specification given in preceding "Note" ascertain that valve is not air
locked. Bleed air out by holding selector down for 30 seconds,then make three or four rapid movementsto
neutral and back to down.
d. There is no adjustment of the time delay valve. If it is defective, refer to Paragraph6-21 or 6-55
for disassemblyand repair of the PowerPack.
e. Disconnect hydraulic test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-17.
Reissued:2/6/81 HYDRAULICSYSTEM
2A22
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
6-11. CHECKINGHANDLERELEASETO NEUTRAL.

a. Placeairplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking, Section II.)
b. Connect hydraulic test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-8.
c. Cycle the landing gear through two complete cycles in accordance with Paragraph6-9, ending
with gear down and locked, and inboard doors closed.
d. Set the hydraulic test unit bypassvalvefull open.
e. Placethe landinggear selectorhandle in the full down position.
f. Very slowly close the bypassvalve until the handle trips back to neutral. Read the gaugeat the
point of handle trip. The pressure should be as indicated in Table VI-I or VI-II. Be sure to allow for the
time delay valveto open.
NOTE
One release valve serves to release the handle from both the gear
down and gear up positions. If the handle return springs are
adjusted correctly, the releasevalveshould release the handle from
both positions at the same pressure. The preceding procedure
checks the release pressure from the gear down position, and the
following procedure checks the release pressure from the gear up
position. This is performed only to assure satisfactory operation of
other equipment relative to handle release operations.
g. Set the hydraulic test unit bypassvalvefull open.
h. Placethe landing gear selector handle in the full up position.
i. Very slowly close the bypass valve until the handle trips back to neutral. Read the gaugeat the
point of handle trip. This pressure should be as indicated in Table VI-I or VI-II. Be sure to allowfor time
delay valveto open.
j. Refer to Paragraph6-45 or 6-85 for handle release adjustment.
k. Ascertain that the landing gear selector handle is in the down neutral position, and that the
landinggear is down and locked.
1. Disconnectthe test unit in accordance with Paragraph 6-17 and remove the airplanefrom jacks.
6-12. CHECKINGPRIORITYVALVE.
a. Connect the hydraulic test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-8 and place the airplaneon jacks,
in accordance with Jacking, Section II.
b. Cycle the landinggear through two completecycles in accordancewith Paragraph6-9.
c. With gear down and locked and test unit operating, turn the master switch off to open the gear
doors. Leave the switch off to permit the doors to remain open, thereby making it easier and faster to
complete this check.
d. Open the hydraulic test unit bypassvalve.
e. Place the landing gear selector handle full up. Very slowly close the bypass valve,observingthe
pressure gauge of the test unit and noting the pressure at which the priority valve opens. Priority valve
should open at the pressureindicated in Table VI-Ior VI-II.
NOTE
As the priority valve opens, the nose gear downlock starts to
release. Read the pressuregaugeat this point.
f. Refer to Paragraph6-48 or 6-88 for priority valveadjustment.
g. Ascertain that the landing gear selector handle is in the down neutral position, and that the
landing gearis down and locked.
h. Disconnect the test unit in accordance with Paragraph 6-17 and remove the airplanefrom jacks.
Reissued: 2/6/81 HYDRAULICSYSTEM
2 A23
6-13. CHECKINGMAIN RELIEF VALVE.

a. Connect the test unit in accordancewith Paragraph68.
b. Open the test unit bypassvalve.
c. Hold the landing gearselector handle in the full down position.
d. Slowly close the bypass valve, observing pressure buildup and the point at which the pressure
stabilizeson the test unit gauge.Stabilizationindicates relief valvesetting. Therelief valvepressure and flow
rate are givenin Table VI-I or VI-II.
e. The Ozone power pack must be removed and partially disassembled to adjust the main relief
valve setting. (Refer to Paragraph 647.) The WiebelTool power pack main relief valve adjustment is
accomplishedwith the power pack installed in the airplane. Remove the cover to gain access to adjusting
screw. (Refer to Paragraph6-87.)
f. Disconnect the hydraulic test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-17.
6-14. CHECKINGHANDPUMPRELIEF VALVE.
a. Place the landing gear selector handle in the full down position. With the master switch OFF,
operate the emergencyhand pump to open the landing geardoors.
b. Disconnect the door open line (upper fitting) from the main gear door cylinder and connect the
hydraulic test unit pressurehose to the door open line. Cap the actuator fitting.
c. Close the bypassvalve on the hydraulic test unit
d. Operate emergency hand pump in airplane, observing hydraulic test unit pressure gauge for
pressure at which hand pump relief valveopens. This pressureshould be as indicated in Table VI-I or VI-II.
e. The Ozone power pack must be removed and partially disassembledto adjust hand pump relief
valve setting. (Refer to Paragraph6-46.) The WiebelTool power pack hand pump relief valveadjustment is
accomplishedwith the power pack installed in the airplane. Remove the cover to gain access to adjusting
screw.(Refer to Paragraph6-86.)
f. Open bypass valveon test unit to release the pressure, disconnect the test unit pressure hose from
door open line. Removecap from actuator fitting and reconnect door open line to main gear door actuator.
g. Replenishhydraulic reservoirfluid as required.
6-15. CHECKINGFOR SUCTIONAIR LEAKAGE.
a. Remove the engine cowlingfor access.
b. Disconnect the hydraulic pump suction (larger) hose from the pump and connect the test unit
suction hose to the airplanesuction hose, usinga suitable fitting.
c. Disconnect the hydraulic pump pressure (smaller) hose from the pump and connect the test unit
pressurehose to the airplane pressurehose, using a suitable fitting.
d. Connect the test unit electricalcable to an appropriate electricalpower source.
e. Jack the airplane and cycle the landing gear through five complete cycles.
f. Observe the test unit reservoirfor any air bubbles which would indicate leakage in the suction
line, hose or fittings. Replacedefective parts.
NOTE
If replacement of parts stops any visible air in the test unit
reservoir, but air still enters the hydraulic system, the engine
drivenpump may have a suction leak.
h. Remove the airplane from jacks and disconnect the test unit in accordancewith Paragraph6-17.
2A24
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
6-16. CHECKING LANDING GEAR CYCLE TIME. When the hydraulic system on the airplane is
suspected of malfunction because gear cycle time is slow, it could be caused by low fluid in airplane
reservoir causingsystem to be full of air. The followingprocedure will purge air from system and fill the
reservoir:
a. Placethe airplane on jacks in accordancewith Jacking, Section II.
b. Cyclethe landinggear through two complete cycles in accordancewith Paragraph6-9.
c. With landing gear extended, place gear handle in full up position and record time required for
gear to retract and doors to close. Time should not exceed 9 seconds ± .5 secondsplus the time required for
the time-delayvalveto operate. (Refer to Paragraph6-10.)
d. With landing gear retracted, place gear handle in full down position and record time required for
gear to extend and doors to close. Time should not exceed 8 seconds± .5 secondsplus the time required for
the time-delayvalveto operate. (Refer to Paragraph6-10.)
NOTE
These times are taken using a singletest unit. These times can be
reduced considerably with the use of two test units, one hooked
to each fire wallfitting.
NOTE
If time is within limit when operated by test unit, but exceeds
limit when operated by engine driven pump, there is internal
leakage in the pump. Repair or replace the pump. If time exceeds
the limit when operated either by the test unit or engine driven
pump, internal leakage is in the hydraulic system. Check actuators
for internal leakage. Repair or replace actuators as required. If
actuators are not defective, Power Pack internal leakage is
indicated. Repair or replace Power Pack. (Refer to Paragraph6-31
or 6-68 for repair of hydraulic components.)
6-17. DISCONNECTINGTESTUNIT.
a. Ascertain that the landing gear selector is in the down neutral position, and the landing gear is
down and locked.
b. Shutdown the test unit per instruction suppliedwith the unit.
c. Close the suction-fill-drainvalvein the airplane by placing the control lever in the down position
and disconnectingthe test unit hose from the fitting. Install the protective cap over the fitting. Disconnect
and remove the test unit pressure hose from the pressure fitting in the airplane if previously connected.
Install the protective cap on the fitting.
d. Checkthe fluid levelin the PowerPack reservoirand check the system for leaks.
e. Install the accesspanel on the right side of the nose section.
6-18. HYDRAULICTEST UNIT (OPTIONAL).Multi-purposehydraulic test units can be used to provide
the same functions as the Piper unit; however, the test unit must be capable of duplicatingand monitoring
the operating pressuresand flow rate givenin Table VI-I or VI-Il.
281
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
1204
1 SUCTION. FILL, AND DRAIN PORT

2 PRESSURE PORT
3 SIGHT GLASS (OZONE UNITS)
TRANSPARENT RESERVOIR
(WIEBEL UNITS;
4 POWER PACK
5 FITTING.ELBOW
6 LINE, RETURN L ENGINE
7 CONNECTOR. ELECTRICAL
8 LINE. PRESSURE L ENGINE
9 BRACKET. MOUNTING
10 LINE, GEAR DOWN
11 FITTING,VENT
12 HOSE. VENT
13 ACCESS OPENING
14 POWER PACK
15 BOLT
16 SAFETY WIRE
17 DRAIN
18 LINE GEAR UP
19 PANEL, WHEEL WELL
20 BLOCK
21 LINE, RETURN R ENGINE
22 LINE. PRESSURER ENGINE
23 LINE. DOOR CLOSE (SEE NOTE)
24 LINE, GEAR UP NOTE
25 LINE DOOR OPEN (SEE NOTE) ITEMS NUMBERED 23 AND 25 NOT
26 LINE, GEAR DOWN USED ON MODELS WITH S/N 31T-
27 LINE. HAND PUMP PRESSURE 8304001 AND UP
28 LINE, HAND PUMP SUCTION
29 TO DRAIN TUBE
Figure 6-3. Power Pack Installation
2B2
TOP VIEW
1. DRAIN FITTING
2. MAIN RELIEF VALVE
FWD 3. PRIORITY VALVE
4. HAND PUMP INLET FILTER
5. HAND PUMP RELIEF VALVE
6. TIME-DELAY VALVE
7. DOOR VENT VALVE
8. STANDPIPE-FILTER
Figure 6-4. Location of Power Pack Components (Ozone)
Reissued: 2/6/81 2B3 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

2B3
6-19. HYDRAULICPOWERPACK(OZONE).
6-20. REMOVALOF POWERPACK. (Refer to Figure 6-3.)
a. Removethe accesspanels to the Power Pack on both sidesof the fuselagenosesection.Also remove
the upper access panel on the aft bulkhead of the forward baggage compartment.
NOTE
All disconnect and removal work can be accomplished from the

upper baggagecompartment accessor right accesspanel.
b. Drain the Power Pack by removingthe drain cap from the end of the drainline (17)on the rightside
of the fuselagenose section. Place a suitable container under the drain to catch the fluid. Replacethe cap after
the reservoir is empty.
c. To gain access to Power Pack, remove return air duct muffler, combustion air blower and
appropriate hoses from right side of fuselagenose section.
d. Disconnect the electricalconnector (7) located at the aft end of the Power Pack (4).
e. Disconnectthe vent line (12) from the PowerPack cap (4).
f. Disconnect the gear selector control cable from the Power Pack control arm on the left side of
the Power Pack.
g. Disconnect the various hydraulic lines from the Power Pack. Cap the open lines to prevent
contamination.
h. Cut the safety wire and remove the attachment bolts (15) which secure the Power Pack to the
mounting brackets (9).
i. Move the Power Pack to the rear and then out the right accesspanel.
6-21. DISASSEMBLYOF POWERPACK. (Refer to Figure 6-5.) After the PowerPack has been removed
from the airplane and all ports are capped or plugged, spray with cleaning solvent (Federal Specification
P-S-661, or equivalent) to remove all accumulated dust or dirt. Dry with filtered compressedair. To
disassemblethe unit, proceed as follows:
a. Remove the retaining nut (85), O-ring(86) and reservoircover(55). The cover is a snug fit on the
reservoir.Use a soft mallet and tap the cover lightly to remove. Removelarge O-ring(84).
b. Remove the sight gauge(20).
c. Remove the spacer (83) from the cover center stud (21); cut safety wire and remove baffle (80)
from the reservoir. Drain the remaininghydraulic fluid from the reservoir.
d. Remove the reservoir cover center stud (21). This stud may be removed by using a double
locknut at the top of the stud. Usecare to prevent damage to the stud threads.
e. Turn the Power Pack upside down so that the top of the reservoirservesas a support base.
NOTE
All electrical wires are coded with color stripes. Disregard the
color of the wire terminals or plastic sleeving.If color codes are
matched when wires are reinstalled, the wires will be connected
correctly.
f. Cut the safety wire and remove the screws attaching the landing gear up-down switch and
bracket. Retain washersbetween bracket and Power Pack manifold. (Refer to Figure 6-6.)
2B4
1362
57
Figure 6-5. Hydraulic Power Pack (Ozone)

2B5

2. LOCK NUT
Figure 6-5. Hydraulic Power Pack (Ozone) (cont.)

2B6
g. Turn the Power Pack over and cut the safety wire at the time-delayvalve.
h. Remove the time-delay valveball, spring, spacer, and springby removingthe time-delayretainer.
NOTE
Do not remove the time-delay plunger until after the manifold
assemblyhas been removed.
i. Cut the safety wire and remove the screws attaching the gear and rack protective cover. Remove
the cover.
j. Remove the clamp attachingthe electrical wiresto the door solenoidvalveand remove the safety
wire from the door solenoid valve.
k. Cut the safety wire and remove the four screws attaching the manifold assembly. Work the
manifold assemblyfrom the PowerPack, taking care to prevent lossof transfer tubes between the manifold
and Power Pack.
1. Removethe seven transfer tubes from the manifold or Power Pack.
CAUTION
As the manifold is separated from the Power Pack body, the rack
on the landing gear selector spool becomes disengagedfrom the
gear. This will permit the selector spool to move. DO NOT remove
the selector spool from its position. Never move it to a position
that is more than flush with the manifold body at the end
opposite the selector spool rack. If moved beyond this position, an
O-ring will become caught and the selector spool will then be
extremely difficult to remove.
6-22. DISASSEMBLYOF MANIFOLD. (Refer to Figure 6-6.)
a. Cut the safety wire (30) and remove the door solenoid (11) by unscrewingit from the manifold
(24). This solenoid is hand tightened. Usea strap wrench or strip of sandpaperto grip the door solenoid for
removal. Removethe plungerreturn spring(13).
b. Removethe plunger retainer pin (14), and then remove the plunger (15) from the spool (7) by
carefully pulling it from the manifold.
c. Using a hook formed from a brass welding rod, withdraw the transfer sleeve from the manifold
by inserting the hook into the oil hole in the transfer sleeve(5).
NOTE
Be sure that the end of the hook is not over .062 inch long, and
use the hook with care to prevent scratching the bore in the
manifold. The sleeve will be hard to withdraw due to O-ring
friction.
d. Remove the plunger (3) of the time-delay valve, using a small wooden dowel inserted in the
center of the plunger.The plungershould slide out of the manifold easily.
e. Remove the landing gear selector spool (26) by grasping the rack end of the spool and carefully
pulling it from the manifold.
2B7
NOTE
Do not bend the selector spool. Pull it straight out. The landing
gear selector spool (26), timedelay plunger (3), and manifold (24)
are matched, lapped parts. If it is necessary to replaceany one of
these parts, replace them as an assemblyonly.
f. Remove the landing gearhandle-releaseretainer (17) (adjustingplug), nut (31), spring (18), screw
(32), and poppet (20) from the manifold. The end of the poppet has a ball which should remain in the
poppet. If it doesn't, remove the ball from the manifold.
g. Remove the caps from the fittings and wash the manifold in cleaning solvent (Federal
Specification P-S-661 or equivalent) and dry it with filtered compressedair. Be sure internal passagesare
clean; then reinstallcaps on fittings.
6-23. DISASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPSUCTIONSCREEN. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Remove the suction screen (63) by removingthe snap ring (64) and spacer (65).
6-24. DISASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPRELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Removethe adjustingplug (57) at the top of the hand pump relief valve.
b. Remove the hand pump relief valveretainer (58) by unscrewingit from the body.
c. Removethe spring (59) and poppet (60) from the body.
d. Use a brasshook to removethe seat (61) from the body. Use care to prevent scoring the bore.
e. Removethe O-ring(62) from the bottom of the cavity.
6-25. DISASSEMBLYOF MAINRELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Loosen the locknut (2) at the top of the main relief valve.
b. Removethe adjusting screw (3) and locknut (2) from the top of the relief valve.
c. Unscrewthe retainer (4).
d. Removethe two buttons (5 and 7), spring (6) and ball (8).
e. Remove the poppet (9) from the poppet seat (10) by lifting out of the poppet assembly.The
poppet and poppet seat are matched parts.
f. Using a brass hook not over .125 inch long, pull the poppet seat up out of the body. Hook
through holes in the side of the seat and use care not to damage the bore in the body.
6-26. DISASSEMBLYOF PRIORITY VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)

a. Remove the priority retainer (14) from the reservoir.
b. Turn the Power Pack upside down and remove the retainer (35) (adjustingplug), spring (36), and
button (37) from the bottom of the Power Pack.
c. While the Power Pack is upside down, push the poppet (18) and poppet seat (16) into the
reservoir, using a punch of .125 inch maximum diameter. Make sure that the face of the punch is square
and flat.
6-27. DISASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPCHECKVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Remove the system pressure port fitting (29). The spring (33) and plunger(32) should fall out of
the Power Pack after the O-ring(31) is removed. Usehook, if necessaryto remove the O-ring.
6-28. DISASSEMBLYOF STANDPIPEANDFILTER. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. The standpipe and filter assembly(67) should not be removed unless it is damaged, since it is a
press fit in the reservoir.
b. Removethe vent filter (82) by removingthe snap ring (81).
Reissued:2/6/81 SYSTEM
HYDRAULIC
2B8
1063
41
6. O-RING, SLEEVE 27. O-RING

7. DOOR SELECTOR SPOOL 28. WASHER
8. SPOOL, DOOR SELECTOR 29. BOLT
18. 9. O-RING 30. WIRE, SAFETY
10. DOOR SOLENOID VALVE 31. NUT
11. SOLENOID, DOOR 32. SCREW
12. O-RING, SOLENOID 33. FITTING
13. SPRING, PLUNGER RETURN 34. NUT
14. PIN 35. BACKUP
15. PLUNGER 36. O-RING
16. HANDLE RELEASE VALVE 37. BACKUP
17. RETAINER, ADJUSTING PLUG 38. O-RING
18. SPRING 39. NUT
19. O-RING. POPPET 40. FITTING
20. POPPET 41. SCREW
21. O-RING 42. WASHER
1. TIME DELAY VALVE 22. SLEEVE, TRANSFER 43. COVER
2. SPRING 23. O-RING 44. BRACKET
3. PLUNGER, TIME DELAY 24. MANIFOLD 45. SWITCH
4. TRANSFER VALVE 25. LANDING SELECTOR SPOOL 46. FITTING
5. SLEEVE, TRANSFER 26. SPOOL, LANDING GEAR SELECTOR 47. O-RING
Figure 6-6. Power Pack Manifold (Ozone)

2B9
6-29. DISASSEMBLYOF DOOR VENTVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)

a. Remove the door vent valve (68) from the reservoir.Remove the O-ring(75) from the body. The
door vent valveshould not be disassembledexcept for replacementof parts.
b. Remove the pin (73) from the valve body (74) and retainer (69). Use care when removing the
pin, as the spring (71) is under a slight load.
c. Remove the retainer (69), O-ring(70), and poppet (72) from the valvebody (74).
NOTE
The valve body and poppet are matched parts. If necessary to

replace, replace as an assemblyonly.
6-30. DISASSEMBLYOF LANDINGGEAR HANDLE AND HANDLE-RELEASEMECHANISM.(Refer

to Figure 6-7.)
a. Remove the two hex-head retainers (12) (adjusting plugs), springs (11), and plungers (10) from
the handle return housing.
b. Cut the safety wire (9) and remove the two screws(8) attaching the handle release housing to the
Power Pack, and removethe housing.
c. Using a punch, drive the roll pin from the cam, and removethe cam from the landing gearhandle
shaft.
d. Pull the assemblyfrom the Power Pack.
6-31. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF POWERPACK.
a. Discard all old O-ringsand gaskets.
b. Remove the line fitting caps and wash all parts in dry cleaning solvent (Federal Specification
P-S-661,or equivalent) and dry them with filtered compressedair.
c. Inspect all parts for scratches, scores,chips, cracks, and indications of excess wear.
d. Repairs are limited to replacementof parts, O-ringsand gaskets.
e. The Parts Catalogshould be used to obtain the proper parts for the Power Pack beingserviced.
6-32. ASSEMBLYOF POWERPACK.
a. Use new O-ringsand gaskets during assembly.
b. Lubricate all O-ringswith petrolatum per W-P-236 or equivalentduring assembly.
c. Lubricate all threaded surfaces on the various valvesin the Power Pack with MIL-G-7711grease
or equivalentbefore installing.
6-33. ASSEMBLYOF DOORVENT VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
NOTE
The valve body and poppet are matched parts. If necessary to

replace,replace as an assemblyonly.
a. Install the poppet (72) in the valvebody (74) and insert the spring (71) in the body. Be sure that
the spring enters the poppet.
b. Lubricate and install the O-ring(70) on the retainer (69) and insert the retainer in the valvebody
(74). Align the holes in the retainer with the holes in the valvebody.
c. Install the pin (73) through the valvebody and retainer.
d. Lubricate threads; install O-ring(75) on the valve body and install the assemblyin the reservoir.
Tighten securely.
2B10
6-34. ASSEMBLYOF STANDPIPEANDFILTER. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)

a. If the standpipe and filter assembly(67) was removed, press into the body until the standpipe
bottoms.
b. Replacethe vent filter (82) and the snap ring (81).
6-35. ASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPCHECKVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)

a. With the pressure port up, drop the spring (33) into the port.
b. Drop in the plunger (32), making sure that the small end of the plunger goes into the spring.
Check freeness of the plunger in the body by depressingthe plunger againstthe spring. Usea small wooden
dowel or plastic rod to depress the plunger when checking for freedom of movement. The plunger must
move freely in the body bore.
c. Lubricate and install the O-rings(30 and 31) on the flange of the fitting (29) and at the end of
the fitting. Lubricate the threads; insert the fitting. Start threads and tighten securely.
6-36. ASSEMBLYOF PRIORITYVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Lubricate and install the O-ring (19) on the poppet (18) and insert the poppet in the body
through the reservoir.Push the poppet down firmly. Either surface may be used as the seating surface.
b. Inspect the poppet seat for a sharp seating edge. Lap as necessary to obtain a sharp seatingedge.
Lubricate and install the O-ring(17) on the poppet seat (16).
c. Install the poppet seat in the body through the reservoir,with the sharp seatingedge toward the
poppet. Push the poppet seat (16) down firmly againstthe poppet (18).
d. Lubricate and install the O-ring (15) on the retainer (priority) assembly (14); lubricate the
retainer threads and install the retainer. Tighten securely.
e. Turn the Power Pack upside down; lubricate the spring(36) and button (37) and install the body
(47). Apply lubricant to hold the button in the spring and install with the button in the hole first.
f. Lubricate the threads on the retainer (35) (adjusting plug) and install. This plug provides
adjustment for the priority valve.Install flush at this time.
6-37. ASSEMBLYOF MAINRELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Inspect the poppet (9) and poppet seat (10) for pitting or scoring.Sincethey are matched parts,
if either or both are pitted or scored, replaceas an assemblyonly.
b. Lubricate and install the O-ring (12) and backup ring (11) on the poppet seat (10); insert the
poppet (9) in the seat (10) and install the assemblyin the body.
c. Lubricate the ball (8), buttons (5 and 7) and spring (6). Install with the ball entering the hole
first. Be sure that the ball enters the cavity at the top of the poppet.
d. Lubricate the threads on the retainer (4) and install over the button (5) and spring (6). Tighten
securely.
e. Lubricate the threads of the adjustingscrew (3) and install at the top of the retainer (4). Turn the
adjusting screw full down to lock the main relief valve closed but do not tighten the locknut (2). This is
done so that the hand pump relief valve,which opens at a higherpressure, can be adjusted before the main
relief valveis adjusted.
6-38. ASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPRELIEFVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
a. Lubricateand install the O-ring(62) in the body (47). Makesure the O-ringseats properly.
b. Inspect the seating surface of the seat (61). It should have a very sharp edge. The seat may be
lapped to obtain a sharp edge.
c. Install the seat (61) in the body, with the sharp edge of the seatingsurface up.

2B11
d. Install the poppet (60) and spring (59) together and insert in the body with the ball end toward
the seat.
e. Lubricate the threads on the retainer hand pump, secondary relief (58). Start the retainer over
the spring (59) and tighten securely.
f. Lubricate the threads on the adjustingplug (57) and install at the top of the retainer (58). Do not
tighten the adjusting plug. Screw it down only until the springis contacted. This is done so that air may be
bled from the valveduring adjustment.
6-39. ASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPSUCTIONSCREEN. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)

a. Install the suction screen (66) and spacer(65); securewith snap ring (64).
6-40. ASSEMBLYOF MANIFOLD. (Refer to Figure 6-6.)
a. Lubricate and install-the O-ring(27)on the-landinggear-selector-spool-(26),and the--ring-(9) in
the manifold (24) at the opposite end.
NOTE
The landing gear selector spool, time-delay valve plunger, and

manifold are matched lapped parts. If necessary to replace,
replace as an assemblyonly.
b. Insert the selector spool (26) in the manifold (24) from the landing gear handle end of the
manifold. Insert only until the end of the selector spool is flush with the solenoidend of the manifold.
CAUTION
If the selector spool is moved much more than flush with the
manifold at the end opposite the rack (before the manifold is
installed and the rack engaged properly with the gear), an O-ring
will become caught. The selector spool will then have to be
removed; the manifold cleanedto removeall O-ringparticlesand a
new O-ring installed. The selector spool then must be reinstalled
correctly.
c. Check that the landing gearselector spool (25) slidesfreely.
d. Inspect the door solenoid spool for freedom of movementwithin the transfer sleeveassembly.
NOTE
The spool and sleeve are matched parts. If necessary to replace,
replace as an assemblyonly.
e. Lubricate and install the O-ring (23) on the transfer sleeve (22) and install the sleeve in the
manifold.
f. Attach the plunger (15) to the door selector spool (8) and pin (14).
g. Lubricate and install the O-ring(12) on the door solenoid( 11).
h. Lubricate the door solenoid (11) threads and plunger return spring (13) and insert the plunger
(15); then install the solenoid over the spring and plunger. Screw the solenoid into the manifold. Do not
over-tighten the solenoid, but tighten securely by hand. Safety the solenoid to the adjacent Power Pack
mounting lug.
Reissued: 2/6/81 2B12 HYDRAULICSYSTEM

2B12
201
1. SHAFT, LANDING GEAR HANDLE

2. GEAR
3. CAM
4. SPACER
S. RETURN CAM
6. PIN
7. HOUSING, HANDLE RETURN
8. SCREW
9. WIRE, SAFETY
10. PLUNGER
11. SPRING
12. RETAINER, ADJUSTING PLUG
Figure 6-7. PowerPack HandleRelease (Ozone)
204
SAFETY WIRE
ROLL WIRE AFTER

TWISTING
VIEW VIEW
PIN ARM ASSY.
Figure 6-8. SafetyingControl Arms (Ozone)

2B13
6-41. ASSEMBLYOF POWERPACKHANDLE-RELEASEMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 6-7.)

a. If the landing gear handle shaft (1) or gear (2) was removed, the parts must be indexed and
assembled as shown in Figure 6-9.
b. Lubricate the shaft (1); install the cam (3) and spacer (4) on the shaft, and insert the shaft into
the Power Pack.
c. Install the return cam (5) with the roll pin (6). Both sides of the cam surfaces are identical. Check
the landing gear handle shaft for freedom of movement in the Power Pack. Check for slight endplay in the
shaft. If shaft binds, remove the cam and lap inside boss of cam to obtain slight endplay in the shaft with
the cam installed.
d. Install the handle-releasehousing and safety the attaching screws.Check the landing gear shaft
for freedom of movement.
e. Install the PowerPack control arm on the end of the shaft with the arm pointing down. Align the
holes between the shaft and the arm assembly and install-the-roll-pin. Install 040 safety-wirethrough-the-
roll pin and around half of the arm. Roll the twisted end of the safety wire around the other half of the arm
assembly.(Refer to Figure 6-8.)
NOTE
Do not install the plungers, springs, and hex-head retainers
(adjustingplug) at this time.
6-42. INSTALLATIONOF MANIFOLD. (Refer to Figure 6-6.)

a. Lubricate and install the O-rings(23) on the seven transfer tubes (22).
b. Insert the transfer tubes into the Power Pack body.
c. Install the time-delay valve plunger (3) in the manifold. The plunger must move freely in the
manifold without binding.
d. Mate the manifold to the Power Pack body, using care to prevent damage to the O-ringson the
transfer tubes. Align the dowel pin on the Power Pack with the dowel hole in the manifold.
NOTE
When installing the manifold, time the landing gear assembly to
the rack on the selector spool as shown in Figure 6-9. Refer to the
followingsteps if binding exists.
e. Install the four manifold attaching bolts (29)and washers(28).Torque the screwsto 35inch-pounds
and safety. Do not over-torque the screws,as this will cause binding in the movement of the landing gear
handle.
f. Lubricate and install the two O-ringson the time-delayvalveretainer. (Refer to Figure 6-5.)
g. Lubricate and insert the largerspring and spacerin the body through the reservoir.
h. Lubricate and insert the ball and smaller spring in the time-delay valveretainer (ball next to the
top of the retainer).
i. Lubricate threads on the time-delay valveretainer and install the retainer in the body through the
reservoir. Do not over-tighten the time-delay valve retainer as this will cause the landing gear selector to
bind in the manifold. After tighteningthe time-delayvalveretainer, check for freedom of movementof the
landing gear selector spool.
j. Thoroughly lubricate the handle return springsand plungers,and install them in the housing with
the hex-head retainers. Do not tighten the retainers at this time.
k. Lubricate and install the two O-ringson the landing gear handle release plunger and insert the
plunger in the body.

2B14
202
UPPER AND LOWER SURFACES

OF CAM ARE SYMMETRICAL
THIS END OF LANDING GEAR SELECTOR

SPOOL FLUSH WITH MANIFOLD WHILE
ENGAGING GEAR WITH RACK
MARKED TOOTH DOWN
HOLE
Figure 6-9. Timing of Selector Spool (Ozone)

1. Lubricate the landing gear handle release spring, guide, retainer and nut and install them in the
body. Tighten the retainer (adjustingplug) until approximately .312 inch of thread is engaged.
m. Install the gear and rack protective cover. Safety the attaching screws.
6-43. INSTALLATION AND ADJUSTMENTOF INBOARD GEAR DOORS SOLENOID VALVE
SWITCH. (Refer to Figure 6-6.)
a. Install the landing gear up-down switch and the switch attaching bracket. Note that the washers
are used between the bracket and Power Pack. The switch bracket has slotted holes for switch adjustment.
b. Adjust the top edge of the bracket (44) to be flush with the edge of the manifold assembly.
Tighten the screwssecurely and safety wire.
c. Adjust the switch to the full up position in the slot provided.
d. Move the selector spool to the gear up position, and check that the switch retraction arm does
not bottom on the switch body.
e. Move the selector spool to the gear up and gear down positions to ensure that the switch actuates
on and off.
f. If removed, install the terminal strip and place the capacitor along side the strip. Connect
electrical wires to the terminal strip and ground; clamp wiresto the door solenoidvalve.
NOTE
Electrical wires are coded with color stripes. Disregardthe color of
wire terminals or plastic sleeving.If the color codes are matched
when the wires are installed, the wires will be connected correctly.
g. Continue reassemblyof the PowerPack after pressure adjustments have been completed.
2B15
HANDLE-DOWN RETURN
POWER PACK
HANDLE-RELEASE DETENT
SPRING ADJUSTING PLUG
(RELEASE PRESSURE
HANDLE-UP RETURN
ADJUSTMENT)
SPRING ADJUSTING PLUG
Figure 6-10. Handle ReleaseAdjustment (Ozone)

6-44. POWER PACK BENCHTEST ADJUSTMENT.After completion of the overhaul, the Power Pack
may be bench tested prior to installation in the airplane using a hydraulic test unit or similar test
equipment. This procedure requires a minimumof test equipment for testing the Power Pack.
a. Use only clean hydraulic fluid (MIL-H-1606).
b. Minimumequipment needed is as follows:
1. Test unit pump or hand pump with a 3000 psi capacity.
2. One hydraulic pressuregaugeof 3000 psi capacity.
3. One hydraulic pressureguge of 150 psi capacity.
c. Connect the test pressure hose to the pressure inlet port of the Power Pack. The 3000 psi gaugeis
to operate off of the pressure line.
d. Connect the suction hose to the suction port of the Power Pack.
e. If a vent hose is part of the test unit, connect it to the vent port at the top of the Power Pack.
f. Cap all other fitting with high pressure caps.
NOTE
For control of the door valve solenoid, it will be necessary to
fabricate an electric harnessas shown in Figure 6-29.This harness,
when connected to a 24-volt battery, will allow control of the
electrical current to the door valve solenoid,permitting operation
of the door hydraulic circuits.
2B16
_ 6-45. ADJUSTMENTOF HANDLE-RELEASEMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 6-10.) The following

procedure outlines preliminary adjustments to set the handle-release detent spring load and the
handle-return spring load adjusting plugs in approximately their correct positions before installing the
Power Pack in the airplane.After it has been installed, the system must be checked and final adjustments, if
needed, made at that time. Use a .078 inch punch to rotate the gear handle shaft.
a. Ascertainthat the handle-returnspring adjustingplugs (I and 2) are not tightened, and the detent
spring adjusting plug (3) has been screwed in until approximately .312 inch of thread is engaged. The
spring, however,must not bottom out.
b. Place the handle in the up-detent position; then hold it beyond this position (in overtravel).
c. Tighten the forward handle-return spring adjusting plug (2) until the handle just starts to move
out of overtravel;then loosen the adjustingplug one turn.
d. Place the handle in the down-detent position; then hold it beyond this position (in overtravel).
e. Tighten the aft handle-return spring adjusting plug (1) until the handle just starts to moveout of
overtravel;then loosen the adjusting plug one turn.
f. Place the handle in the up-detent position and tighten the handle-releasedetent spring adjusting
plug (3) until the spring bottoms out; then back the adjustingplug out two turns.
g. The handle must hold in both detent positions, but must return with a positive snap when
manually released from either detent position. Connect a spring scale to the arm and pull fore and aft,
perpendicular to the centerline of the arm, to determine that it will leave the detent at a force of 9 + 1-2
pounds. The handle-releasedetent springadjusting plug (3) may be readjusted slightlymore or less than the
two turns specifiedin the preceding step, if necessary.When proper detent adjustment has been obtained,
tighten the nuts and safety.
6-46. ADJUSTMENTOF HANDPUMPRELIEF VALVE.
a. With the landing gear handle in either the up or down position, apply test unit pressure very
slowlyuntil fluid flows from the hand pump relief valve.
CAUTION
It is very important that the test unit be operated very slowly as

pressure is being increased to bleed the hand pump relief valve.If
the test pump is operated rapidly, damage to the valve can occur
as air permits parts to "slam" againsteach other.
b. Bleed air from the PowerPack by crackingthe cap on the door-open fitting.
c. Adjust the retainer plug at the top of the valve until the valve cracks at the pressure stated in
Table VI-I (using a slow flow). Bleed pressure by cracking the cap on the door-open fitting after each
adjustment.
d. Safety wire the hand pump relief valveto the time-delay valve.
647. ADJUSTMENTOF MAINRELIEF VALVE.
a. Loosen the locknut and back out the adjustingscrew at the top of the valveuntil very little load
is left on the spring.
b. With the landing gearhandle in the down position, apply pressureuntil fluid flows from the main
relief valve.
c. Adjust the main relief valve until the valve cracks at the pressure stated in Table VI-I. Bleed
pressure after each adjustment by cracking the cap on the door-open fitting. Tighten the locknut on the
adjustingscrew after obtaining the correct adjustment.
2B17
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
6-48. ADJUSTMENTOF PRIORITYVALVE.

a. Place the landing gearhandle in the up position and remove the cap from the gearup fitting.
b. Apply pressure and note the priority valve cracking pressure by observing the pressure gauge
when fluid first starts to flow from the gear-upport.
c. Adjust the priority valve to crack at the pressure stated in Table VI-I. Bleed pressure after each
adjustment by cracking the cap on the door-open fitting.
d. Disconnectthe test unit and cap all open fittings.
6-49. ADJUSTMENTOF DOORSOLENOIDVALVE.

a. Remove the caps from the door-open and door-closefittings on Power Pack.
b. Connect a test harness to the electricalplug of the PowerPack and power source. (A test harness
may be fabricatedas shown in Figure 6-29.)
c. With the test harness switch in the OFF position, and the landing gear handle in either the up or
down neutral position, apply pressureand note that fluid flowsfrom the door-open fitting.
d. With the test harness switch in either the gear up or down position, the landing gear handle in
either the up or down neutral position, apply pressure and note that fluid flows from the door-closefitting.
e. Disconnect the test equipment and cap all open fittings.
6-50. TESTINGDOORVENT VALVE.
a. Removethe cap from the door-open fitting on the PowerPack, and attach the pressure hose from
the hand pump with the 150 psi pressuregaugeto the door-open fitting.
b. Slowlyapply 50 psi pressure and check to see that fluid seeps from the door vent valve.
c. Increase the pressure to 150 psi minimum and check to see that the door vent valve shuts off
fluid flow. (Slowdecrease in pressurefrom the valveleakageis normal.)
d. Relievepressureby crackingthe hose fitting from the hand pump.
e. Disconnectthe test unit and cap all open fittings.
6-51. ASSEMBLYOF POWERPACK. (Refer to Figure 6-5.) To complete the reassemblyof the Power
Pack, proceed as follows:
a. Install the reservoircover attaching center stud (21). Install with the longer threaded end down,
and screw in until the stud bottoms in the reservoir.
b. Install the plate (80) and spacer(83) of the center stud. Safety wire the main relief valvelocknut
(2) to the screenedstandpipe (67).
c. Lubricate and install the O-ring(84) in the groove of the reservoircover.
d. Position the cover (55) on the reservoir,aligningthe index marks on the reservoirand cover.
CAUTION
Be sure that the large O-ringis positioned properly in the groove

of the reservoir cover, and that the O-ringis not pinched as the
coveris installed.
e. Lubricate and install the O-ringof the cover (86) at the top of the coverand around the center
stud (21).
f. Install the coverretaining nut (85) (cap nut), tighten and safety.
6-52. TESTINGRESERVOIRFOR LEAKAGE.

a. Remove the filler and drain tee or drain fitting as applicable, and attach a test unit and 150 psi
gaugeto the filler or drain port.
b. Remove the cap from the reservoirvent fitting at the top of the reservoir and operate the test
pump until the reservoiris completely full, as indicated by fluid comingout of the fitting.
2B18
c. Cap the reservoirvent fitting.

d. Operate the test hand pump very slowly until the pressuregauge indicates 15 psi maximum.
e. Checkfor leaks. There should be no external leakage.
f. Crack the vent fitting to release pressure, remove the test equipment, drain the reservoir and cap
the fittings.
g. The hydraulic Power Pack is now ready to be installed in the airplane.
6-53. HYDRAULICPOWERPACK(WIEBELTOOL).
6-54. REMOVALOF POWERPACK. (See Paragraph6-20.)
6-55. DISASSEMBLYOF POWER PACK. (Refer to Figure 6-12.) After the Power Pack has been
removed from the airplane and all ports are capped or plugged, spray with cleaning solvent (Federal
SpecificationsP-S-661, or equivalent) to remove all accumulateddust or dirt. Dry with filtered compressed
air. To disassemblethe unit, proceed as follows:
a. Remove wire (37), nut (35), reservoir cover (36) and "0" ring (47). Cover is a snug fit on
reservoir.Usea soft mallet and tap cover lightly to remove.
b. Removedeflector plate (107) and snap ring (44) from center stud (41)and removebaffle plate (45)
from reservoir.Drain remaining hydraulic fluid from reservoir.
c. Removethe reservoir(46) and "O" ring (104). Reservoiris a snug fit in body (67) and requires a
hard pull to disengagefrom body.
d. Removecenter stud (41) and "0" ring (40).
NOTE
All electrical wires are color coded. Disregard color of wire
terminals. If colored wiresare matched when wiresare re-installed,
the wires will be connected correctly.
e. Remove screws (46), washers (45), switch assembly (44) and insulating plate (43). Switch will
remain hangingfrom the electricalwires. (Refer to Figure 6-13.)
f. Remove plastic strap (48) attaching the electrical wires to the door solenoid valve (11) and
remove the safety wire (47) from the door solenoid valve.(Refer to Figure 6-13.)
g. Disconnectelectrical wiresof switch and door solenoidfrom terminal block (80).
h. Removefour bolts (42) attaching the manifold assembly.Work the manifold assemblyfrom the
Power Pack, taking care to prevent the loss of the transfer sleeves(36) between the manifold and the Power
Pack. (Refer to Figure 6-13.)
i. Removethe five transfer sleeves(36) from the manifold (35). (Refer to Figure 6-13.)
NOTE
As the manifold is separated from the PowerPack body, the teeth
on the landing gear selector spool become disengaged from the
gear. This willpermit the selector spool to move. DO NOT remove
the selector spool from its position. Never move it to a position
that is more than flush (t.06 inch) with the manifold body at the
end opposite the selector spool teeth. If moved beyond this
position, an "O" ring will become caught and the selector spool
willthen be difficult to remove.
Revised:2/15/82 HYDRAULICSYSTEM
2B19
TOP VIEW
FWD
1. DRAIN FITTING
3. PRIORITY VALVE
4. FILTER, HAND PUMP SUCTION
5. HAND PUMP RELIEF VALVE
6. TIME DELAY CHECK VALVE
7. DOOR VENT VALVE
8. STANDPIPE. FILTER
Figure 6-11. Location of Power Pack Components (Wiebel Tool)
Reissued: 2/6/81 HYRAULIC SYSTEM
2B20
1323
NOTE
The shaded parts, poppet (6) and poppet seat
(7) are matched parts and must be replaced as
an assembly.
2-
43
Figure 6-12. HydraulicPowerPack (WiebelTool)
Revised:2/15/82 2B21 HYRAULIC SYSTEM

2B21
1. MAIN RELIEFVALVE 55. BODY,SECONDARY RELIEFVALVE

2. ADJUSTINGSCREW 56. BALL
3. SPRING 57. SEAT
4. BUTTON 58. "O" RING
5. BODY,RELIEFVALVE 59. CHECKVALVE,TIMEDELAY
6. POPPET 60. SNAPRING
7. POPPET SEAT 61. "O" RING
8. BACKUP 62. SEAT
9. "O" RING 63. BALL
10. PRIORITYVALVE 64. PIN
11. ADJUSTINGSCREW 65. BODY,CHECKVALVE
12. SPRING 66 "0" RING
13. BUTTON 67. BODY
14. BODY,PRIORITY VALVE 68. "0" RING
15. BACKUP 69. BACKUP
16. "O" RING 70. NUT
17. BACKUP 71. FITTING
18. "O" RING 72. BOLT
19. POPPET 73. WASHER
20. POPPET SEAT 74. BRACKET
21. "O" RING 75. BOLT
22. FITTING 76. WASHER
23. NUT 77. PLUG,ELECTRICAL
24. BACKUP 78. SCREW
25. "O" RING 79. WASHER
26. DOORVENTVALVE 80. TERMINALBLOCK
27. ADJUSTINGSCREW 81. SPRINGCARTRIDGE
28. SPRING 82. SNAPRING
29. STEM 83. BUTTON
30. RETAINER 84. SPRING
31. "O" RING 85. PLUNGER
32. PISTON 86. BODY,HANDLERELEASE
33. BODY.VENTVALVE 87. SCREW,STOP
34. "O" RING 88. HANDPUMPCHECKVALVE
35. NUT 89. FITTING
36. COVER,RESERVOIR 90. "O" RING
37. WIRE,SAFETY 91. BACKUP
38. "0" RING 92. "O" RING
39. FITTING 93. POPPET
40. "O" RING 94. SPRING
41. CENTER STUD 95. GUIDE
42. FILTER,VENT 96. SNAPRING
43. SNAPRING 97. FITTING
44. SNAPRING 98. "O" RING
45. BAFFLEPLATE 99. STANDPIPE FILTER
46. RESERVOIR 100. FITTING
47. "O" RING 101. NUT
48. FILTER.HANDPUMPSUCTION 102. BACKUP
49. SNAPRING 103. "O" RING
50. FILTER,HAND PUMP 104. "O" RING
51. HANDPUMPREIEF VALVE 105. WIRESAFETY
52. ADJUSTINGSCREW 106. BRACKET ASSEMBLY
53. SPRING 107. DEFLECTOR PLATE
54. STEM
Figure 6-12. Hydraulic Power Pack (WiebelTool) (cont.)
Revised: 2/15/82 2B22 HYRAULIC SYSTEM

6-56. DISASSEMBLY OF MANIFOLD. (Refer to Figure 6-13.)

a. Remove the door solenoid (12) by unscrewing it from the manifold (35). Use proper wrench.
Removethe plungerreturn spring (14).
b. Remove the pin (16), and then remove the plunger(15) from the spool (10) by carefully pulling
it from the manifold.
c. Using a hook formed from a brass welding rod, withdraw the transfer valve sleeve (7) from the
manifold, by inserting the hook into one of the oil holes in the transfer valve sleeve.
NOTE
Be sure that the end of the hook is not over .06 inches long and
use the hook with care to prevent scratching the bore in the
manifold. The sleeve will be hard to withdraw due to "O" ring
friction.
d. Remove screw (5), spring (3) and the plunger (2) using a small wooden dowel inserted in the
center of the plunger.The plunger should slide out very easily.
e. Remove the landing gear selector spool (19) by grasping the rack (teeth) end of the spool and
pulling it from the manifold.
NOTE
DO NOT bend the selector spool, pull straight out. The landing
gear selector spool (19), time delay plunger (2) and the manifold
(35) are matched, lapped parts. If it is necessaryto replace any of
these three parts, replace them as an assemblyonly.
f. Remove the landing gear handle-releaseretainer (26), spring (25) and plunger (23) from the
manifold. The end of the plunger has a ball which should remain in the plunger. If it does not, remove the
ball from the manifold.
g. Remove the caps and the fittings and wash the manifold in cleaning solvent (Federal
Specification P-S-661or equivalent) and dry with filtered, compressed air. Be sure internal passagesare
clean. Reinstallcaps on fittings.
6-57. DISASSEMBLY OF HANDPUMPSUCTIONSCREEN. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 48.)

a. Removethe suction screen(50) by removingthe snap ring (49).
6-58. DISASSEMBLY OF HANDPUMPRELIEFVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 51.)
a. Removethe adjustingscrew(52) at the top of the hand pump relief valve.
b. Removethe hand pump relief valvebody (55) by unscrewingfrom the body (67).
c. Removethe spring(53) and the stem (54) from body (55).
d. Removeball (56).
e. Use a brass hook and remove the seat (57) from the body (67). Be careful not to score the bore.
f. Removethe "0" ring (58) from the bottom of the cavity.
2B23
PIPER CHEYENE SERVICEMANUAL
NOTE
THESHADEDPARTS,TIMEDELAYPLUNGER(2).LANDINGGEAR
SELECTORSPOOL (19) AND MANIFOLD(35) ARE MATCHED,
LAPPEDPARTS.IFITIS NECESSARYTOREPLACEANYOFTHESE
PARTS, REPLACETHEMWITH A MATCHEDASSEMBLYCON-
TAINING(2). (19) AND(35). SHADEDPARTS,TRANSFERVALVE
SLEEVE(7).ANDSPOOL (10) AND LAPPED
AREALSO MATCHED
PARTS AND MUST BE REPLACEDBY A MATCHEDASSEMBLY
CONTAINING(7) AND (10).
32. FITTING
1. TIMEDELAYVALVE 33. "O" RING
2. PLUNGER,TIMEDELAY 17. LANDINGGEAR SELECTORSPOOL 34. FITTING
3. SPRING 18. "O" RING 35. MANIFOLDASSEMBLY
4. "O" RING 19. SPOOL LANDINGGEARSELECTOR 36. SLEEVE,TRANSFER
5. SCREW 20. "O" RING 37. "O" RING
6. TRANSFERVALVE 21. HANDLEDETENTASSEMBLY 38. "O" RING
7 SLEEVE.TRANSFERVALVE 22 "O" RING 39. BACKUP
8. "O" RING.SLEEVE 23. PLUNGER 40. NUT
9. DOOR SELECTORSPOOL 24. "O" RING 41. FITTING
10. SPOOL. DOORSELECTOR 25. SPRING 42. BOLT
11. DOOR SOLENOIDVALVEASSEMBLY 26. RETAINER 43. INSULATINGPLATE
12. SOLENOID,DOOR 27. "O" RING 44. SWITCHASSEMBLY
13. "O" RING.SOLENOID 28. FITTING 45. WASHER
14 SPRING,PLUNGERRETURN 29. "O" RING 48. SCREW
15. PLUNGER 30. BACKUP 47 WIRE,SAFETY
16. PIN 31. NUT 48. STRAP.PLASTIC
Figure 6-13. Power Pack Manifold (Wiebel Tool)
Revised: 2/15/82 HYRAULIC SYSTEM

2B24
6-59. DISASSEMBLYOF MAINRELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 1.)

a. Removethe adjustingscrew (2) at the top of the main relief valve.
b. Remove relief valvebody (5) with spring(3) and button (4).
c. Removethe poppet (6) from the poppet seat (7).
d. Use a brasshook, not over .125 inches long, and pull the poppet seat (7) up and out of the body
(67). Hook through the holes in the side of the seat and use care not to damage the bore in the body (67).
e. Reassemblepoppet (6) into poppet seat (7). The poppet and poppet seat are matched parts.
6-60. DISASSEMBLY OF PRIORITYVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 10.)
a. Removethe adjustingscrew (11) at the top of the priority valve.
b. Removepriority valvebody (14) with spring (12), button (13) and poppet (19).
c. Use a brasshook and remove the poppet seat (20) from the body (67). Be careful not to score
the bore.
d. Removethe "0" ring (21) from the bottom of the cavity.
6-61. DISASSEMBLY OF HANDPUMPCHECKVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 88.)
a. Removethe fitting (89) from the body (67).
b. Removethe snap ring (96) from fitting (89).
c. Removeguide (95), spring (94) and poppet (93).
6-62. DISASSEMBLY OF STANDPIPE-FILTER.(Refer to Figure 6-12.)
a. Removethe standpipe-filter (99) from body (67).
6-63. DISASSEMBLY OF VENT FILTER. (Refer to Figure 6-12.)
a. Remove snapring (43) and pull out filter (42).
6-64. DISASSEMBLY OF DOORVENT VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 26.)
a. Removeadjustingscrew (27) from top of retainer (30).
b. Removevent valvebody (33) from body (67).
c. Removespring(28) and stem (29).
d. Cut wire (105) and removeretainer (30) from vent valvebody (33).
e. Remove"O" ring (31) and piston (32).
6-65. DISASSEMBLY OF TIME DELAY CHECK VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 59.)
a. Remove check valve body (65) from body (67).
b. Removesnap ring (60).
c. Using a brass hook, pull out seat (62).
d. Remove ball (63).
NOTE
A pin (64) is pressed into the body (65); do not remove. If it is
necessaryto replace any of theseparts, replaceas an assemblyonly.
6-66. DISASSEMBLY OF LANDING GEAR SPRING CARTRIDGE ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure
6-12, item 81.)
a. Remove the two handle release bodies (86) from body (67).
b. Remove snap rings (82), buttons (83), springs (84) and plungers (85).
CAUTION
Take care when removing snap rings (82), cartridges are spring
loaded.
2C1
VIEWA
1. CAM. SWITCH
2. PIN
5. CAM DETENT
7. RETURN
8. PIN
9. ARM
11. LOCKWIRE 1
12. SHAFT,INPUTASSEMBLY
Figure 6-14. PowerPack Handle-ReleaseMechanism(WiebelTool)

6-67. DISASSEMBLYOF LANDINGGEAR HANDLE RELEASEMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 6-14.)
a. Removelockwire ( 11).
b. Usinga punch, drive the roll pin (10) out of the arm (9) and removearm.
c. Usinga punch, drive the roll pin (8) out of the return cam (7), and removereturn cam.
d. Pull the input shaft assembly(12) from Power Pack.
6-68. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF POWERPACK.

a. Discard all old "0" ringsand gaskets.
b. Remove the line fitting caps and wash all parts in dry cleaning solvent (Federal Specification
P-S-661,or equivalent)and dry with filteredcompressedair.
c. Inspect all parts for scratches,scores,chips, cracks and indications of excess wear.
d. Repairsare limited to replacementof parts, "0" ringsand gaskets.
e. The parts catalogshould be used to obtain the proper parts for the PowerPack being serviced.
6-69. ASSEMBLYOF POWERPACK.
a. Use new "0" rings and gasketsduring assembly.
b. Lubricate all "0" rings with petrolatum per W-P-236 or equivalentduring assembly.
c. Lubricate all threaded surfaces on the various valvesin the Power Pack with MIL-G-771 grease
or equivalent before installing.
2C2
6-70. ASSEMBLYOF TIME DELAYCHECKVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 59.)

a. Install ball (63) into check valve body (65).
b. Lubricate and install the "0" ring (61) in the seat (62).
c. Install seat (62) into check valvebody (65) and secure with snap ring (60).
d. Lubricate threads, install "O" ring (66) on the valve body (65) and install the assemblyinto the
body (67). Torque to 45 inch-pounds.
6-71. ASSEMBLYOF DOOR VENTVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 26.)
a. Install the piston (32) into the vent valve body (33).
b. Lubricate and install the "O" ring (31) on the retainer (30) screw retainer into the valve body
(33), tighten and secure with wire (105).
c. Install stem (29), spring (28) and adjusting screw (27) into the retainer (30). Install adjusting
screw (27) flush.
d. Lubricate threads, install "O" ring (34) on the valve body (33) and install assemblyinto body
(67). Torque to 55 inch-pounds.
6-72. ASSEMBLYOF VENT FILTER. (Refer to Figure 6-12.)
a. Install vent filter (42) into reservoircover (36) and secure with snap ring (43).
6-73. ASSEMBLYOF STANDPIPE-FILTER.(Refer to Figure 6-12.)
a. Install standpipe-filter (99) into body (67). Torque to 55 inch-pounds.
6-74. ASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMPCHECKVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 88.)
a. Install poppet (93), spring (94) and guide (95) into fitting (89) and securewith snap ring (96).
b. Lubricate threads, install "O" ring (90), back up (91) and "0" ring (92) on the fitting (89) and
install assemblyinto body (67). Torque to 55 inch-pounds.
6-75. ASSEMBLYOF PRIORITYVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 10.)
a. Lubricate and install the "0" ring (18) and the back up (17) on the poppet (19) and insert the
poppet into the priority valvebody (14).
b. Lubricate "0" ring (21) and insta:: into the body (67).
c. Inspect the poppet seat (20) fo: a sharp seating edge. Lap as required to obtain a good, sharp
seating edge. Push the poppet seat into the valvebody (14) and install assemblyinto body (67). Torque to
70 inch-pounds.
d. Install button (13) and spring (12) and secure with adjusting screw (11). The adjusting screw
providesadjustment for the priority valve.Install flush at this time.
6-76. ASSEMBLYOF MAINRELIEFVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 1.)
a. Inspect the poppet (6) and the poppet seat (7) for pitting or score marks. The two parts are
matched parts. If either or both are damaged,replaceas an assemblyonly.
b. Lubricate and install the "0" ring (9) and back up ring (8) on the poppet seat (7); insert the
poppet (6) into the seat (7) and install the assemblyinto the body (67).
c. Lubricate threads and install relief valve body (5) into the body (67). Torque to 70 inch-pounds.
d. Install button (4) and spring(3) into the relief valvebody (5) and secure with adjustingscrew (2).
The adjusting screwprovidesadjustment for the main relief valve.Install flush at this time.

2C3
6-77. ASSEMBLY OF HAND PUMP RELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 51.)
a. Lubricate and install "O" ring (58) into the body (67).
b. Inspect the seating surface of the seat (57). Seating edge has to be sharp, lap if necessaryto obtain
a clean, sharp edge.
c. Drop ball (56) into the cavity of the hand pump relief valve body (55)and install seat (57)into the
body (55), trapping the ball between the two parts.
d. Lubricate threads and install assembly into the body (67). Torque to 70 inch-pounds.
e. Insert the stem (54)and the spring(53) into the valvebody (55)and install adjustingscrew(52).The
adjusting screw provides adjustment for the hand pump relief valve. Install flush at this time.
6-78. ASSEMBLY OF HAND PUMP SUCTION SCREEN. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 48.)
a. Install the filter (50) into the body (67) and secure with snap ring (49).
6-79. ASSEMBLY OF RESERVOIR. (Refer to Figure 6-12.)
a. Install center stud (41) into body (67). Torque to 45 inch-pounds.
b. Lubricate "O" ring (47) and "0" ring (104) and install on reservoir (46).
c. Push reservoir (46) into body (67).
d. Drop baffleplate (45) into reservoir(46) and secure by placing snap ring (44) onto center stud (41).
e. Slide deflector plate (107) over center stud (41).
f. Lubricate "0" ring (40) and install onto center stud (41).
6-80. ASSEMBLY OF MANIFOLD. (Refer to Figure 6-13.)
a. Lubricate and install the "0" ring (20) on the landing gear selector spool (19), and the "0" ring
(18) into the manifold (35) at the opposite end.
NOTE
The landing gear selector spool, time delay valve plunger and
manifold are matched, lapped parts. If necessaryto replace,replace
as an assembly only.
b. Insert the selector spool (19) into the manifold (35) from the landing gear handle end of the
manifold. Insert only until the taper of the selector spool is protruding out the manifoldend, approximately
.06 inches.
CAUTION
If the selectorspool is not protruding .06 inchesout of the manifold
opposite the rack when installing into the body (67) (see Figure
6-12), the gear will not be engagedin its proper position. Also, do
not movethe selectorspool more than. 12inchesout of the manifold
opposite the rack. "0" ring (18)could be caught and damaged, and
would have to be replaced by a new "0" ring (18).
c. Check that the landing gear selector spool (17) slides freely.
d. Inspect the door solenoid spool (10) for freedom of movement withinthe transfer valvesleeve(7).
NOTE
The spool (10)and the transfer valvesleeve(7) are matched,lapped

parts. If necessaryto replace, replace as an assembly only.
Revised: 2/15/82 2C4 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

2C4
472
SAFETYWIRE
ROLLWIREAFTER
TWISTING
SAFETYWIRE
VIEWA VIEW A
ROLLPIN ARM
Figure 6-15. SafetyingControl Arm (WiebelTool)
e. Lubricate "O" rings (8) and install on transfer valve sleeve(7).

f. Install transfer valve sleeve(7) into manifold (35).
g. Attach the plunger (15) to the door selector spool (10) with a pin (16) and install into the transfer
valve sleeve(7).
h. Lubricate "O" ring (13) and install on solenoid (12).
i. Lubricate the door solenoid(12) threads, insertthe plunger return spring(14) into the plunger(15)
cavity and screw assembly into the manifold (35). Torque to 70 inch-pounds.
j. Install time delay plunger (2) and spring (3) into manifold (35).
k. Lubricate "O" ring (4) and install onto screw (5) and screw assembly into manifold (35). Screw
(5) to be flush with outside of manifold (35).
6-81. ASSEMBLYOF POWERPACKHANDLERELEASEMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 6-14.)

a. If the switch cam (1), the gear (3) and the detent cam (5) wasremoved from the input shaft (6),
then the parts must be assembledand indexed as shown in Figure 6-14, View "A."
b. Lubricatethe input shaft (6), slide detent cam (5) and gear (3) into place and securegear (3) with
roll pin (4).
c. Slide switch cam (1) onto input shaft (6) and securewith roll pin (2). Install assemblyinto Power
Pack body.
d. Install the return cam (7) and secure with roll pin (8). Check the landinggear shaft for freedom
of movement in the Power Pack body. Check for slight end play between the input shaft and the Power
Pack body. If shaft binds, removereturn cam (7), lap face on return cam boss and reinstallreturn cam.
e. Install the Power Pack control arm (9) on the end of the shaft with the arm pointing down. Align
the holes between the shaft and the arm assemblyand install the roll pin (10). Install .041 safety wire (11)
through the roll pin and around half of the arm. Pull the twisted end of the safety wire around the other
half of the arm assembly.(Refer to Figures 6-14 and 6-15.)

2C5
473
RETURN
CAM
INI12
.06 INCH RETURN CAM IN HORIZONTAL POSITION
1. MANIFOLD
2. LANDING GEAR SELECTOR SPOOL RACK
3. INPUT SHAFT GEAR
4. INPUT SHAFT RETURN CAM
5. LANDING GEAR SELECTOR SPOOL
Figure 6-16. Indexingof Selector Spool (WiebelTool)
6-82. INSTALLATIONOF MANIFOLD. (Refer to Figure 6-13.)

a. Lubricate the "0" rings (37) and install on the five transfer sleeves(36).
b. Insert the transfer sleeves(36) into the manifold (35).
c. Mate the manifold (35) to the Power Pack body, using care to prevent damage to the "0" rings
on the transfer sleeves.
NOTE
When mating the manifold with the Power Pack body, index the
landing gear selector spoolrack with the input shaft gear as shown
in Figure 6-16. With landing gearselector spool (5) protruding .06
inches from fape "A" of manifold (1) and the input shaft return
cam (4) in the horizontal position, tooth of input shaft gear (3)
will match with toothspace in the landing gearselector spool rack
(2).
d. Install the four manifold attaching bolts and torque to 35 inch-pounds. Do not over torque bolts
as this will cause bindingof the landinggearselector spool (17).
e. Lubricate "O" ring (22) and '"" ring (24) and install on plunger (23).
f. Install plunger(23) and lubricatedspring (25) into manifold (35).
g. Lubricate threads of retainer (26), install into manifold (35). Torque to 25 inch-pounds and
safety wire retainer (26) to manifold (35) usingwire (47).
2C6
6-83. INSTALLATIONAND ADJUSTMENTOF INBOARDGEAR DOORS SWITCH. (Refer to Figure

6-13.)
a. Install switch assembly (44) with insulating plate (43) between switch and manifold (35) and
secure with washers(45) and screws(46). Tighten screwslightly.
b. Move the selector spool to the gear up and down position a couple of times to insure proper
actuating of switch from "on" to "off." Torque switch screwsto 20 inch-pounds.
c. Safety wire solenoid (12) to bracket (74) (see Figure 6-12) using safety wire (47).
d. Connect the electrical wires from switch to the terminal block (80) (see Figure 6-12) and secure
to solenoid (12) usingplastic strap (48).
NOTE
Electrical wires are color coded. Disregard the color of the wire
terminals. If the colors are matched when installingthe wires, the
wires will be connected correctly.
e. (Refer to Figure 6-12.) Install plungers(85), springs(84) and button (83) into the handle release
bodies (86) and retain with snap rings (82).
f. (Refer to Figure 6-12.) Install the handle release assemblies (81) in the body (67). Install
assembliesloose, they will be adjusted later.
6-84. POWERPACK BENCHTEST ADJUSTMENT.After completion of the overhaul, the Power Pack
may be bench tested prior to installation in the airplane using a hydraulic test unit or similar test
equipment. This procedure requires a minimumof test equipment for testing the Power Pack.
a. Useonly clean hydraulic fluid per MIL-H-5606.
b. Minimumequipment needed is as follows:
1. Test unit pump and hand pump with a 2500 PSI capacity.
2. One hydraulic pressuregaugeof 2500 PSI capacity.
3. One hydraulic pressuregaugeof 200 PSI capacity.
c. Connect the test pressure hose to the pressure inlet port of the Power Pack. The 2500PSI gauge
is to operate off the pressure line.
d. Connect the suction hose to the suction port of the Power Pack.
e. If a venthose is part of the test unit, connect it to the vent port at the top of the reservoircover.DO
NOT plug vent port.
f. Cap all other fittings with high pressure caps.
NOTE
For the control of the door valve solenoid, it will be necessary to
fabricate an electric harnessas shown in Figure 6-29.This harness,
when connected to a 24-volt battery will allow control of the
electrical current to the door valve solenoid, permitting operation
of the hydraulic door circuits.
6-85. ADJUSTMENTOF HANDLE-RELEASEMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 6-17.) The following

procedure outlines the adjustments to set the handle release cartridges and stops in the correct position
before installingthe Power Pack into the airplane.
a. Rotate the input shaft into the "gear up" detent position and adjust stop screw (1) to allow a
slight overtravelpast the detent position.
b. Rotate the input shaft into the "gear down" detent position and adjust stop screw(8) to allowa
slight overtravelpast the detent position.
2C7
HOLE"A"
1. STOP SCREW
2. INPUT SHAFT RETURN CAM
3. RETURN PLUNGER BALL
4. POWER PACK BODY
5 HANDLE RETURN CARTRIDGE
6. HANDLE RETURN CARTRIDGE
7. RETURN PLUNGER BALL POSITION (NEUTRAL)
8. SCREW
RESTOP RETURN CAM IN HORIZONTAL
STOPSCREW
9. ARM
Figure 6-17. Handle ReleaseAdjustment (WiebelTool)

c. Rotate the input shaft to the neutral position, which will bring the input shaft return cam (2) to
the horizontal position.
d. Hold the input shaft return cam (2) in the horizontal (neutral) position by inserting a .125 dia.
drill or punch through hole in the arm (9) and into rigginghole in body (4). Rigginghole is noted as hole
"A" in Figure 6-17. Adjust handle return cartridges (5) and (6) in such a manner that their return plunger
balls(3) and (7) touch the surface of the input shaft return cam (2) slightly.
CAUTION
Remove drill or punch from rigginghole "A."
e. The detent must hold in both detent positions and must return with a positive snap when
manually released from either detent position.
6-86. ADJUSTMENTOF HANDPUMPRELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 51.)
a. With the input shaft in either the "gear up" or "gear down" position, apply hand pump pressure
very slowly until fluid flows from the hand pump relief valve.
CAUTION
It is important that the hand pump be operated slowly as pressure

is being increased to bleed the hand pump relief valve.
b. Bleedair from the Power Pack by crackingthe cap on the "door open" fitting.
c. Adjust the adjusting screw (52) at the top of the valve until the valvecracks at the maximum
required pressure as givenin Table VI-II, pumping slowly. Bleedpressure by cracking the cap on the "door
open" fitting after each adjustment.
6-87. ADJUSTMENTOF MAINRELIEF VALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 1.)
a. With the input shaft in the "gear up" or "gear down" position, apply pressure until fluid flows
from the main relief valve.
b. Adjust the adjusting screw (2) at the top of the main relief valve until the valve cracks at the
required pressure given in Table VI-II. Bleed pressure after each adjustment by cracking the cap on the
"door open" fitting.
2C8
6-88. ADJUSTMENTOF PRIORITYVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 10.)

a. Place the input shaft in the "gear up" position and remove cap from the "gear up" fitting.
b. Apply pressure and note the priority valve cracking pressure by observing the pressure gauge
when fluid first starts to flow from the "gear up" port.
c. Adjust the adjusting screw (11) until the valve cracks at the required pressure given in Table
VI-II. Bleed pressureafter each adjustment by crackingcap on "door open" fitting.
d. Disconnectthe test unit and cap all open fittings.
6-89. ADJUSTMENTOF DOOR SOLENOIDVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-13, item 11.)
a. Removethe caps from the "door open" and "door closed" fittings on Power Pack.
b. Connect a test harnessto the electrical plug of the Power Pack and to power source. (Test harness
may be fabricatedas shown in Figure 6-29.)
c. With the test harnessswitch in the "OFF" position and the input shaft in either the "up neutral"
or "down neutral" position, apply pressureand note that fluid flowsfrom the "door open" fitting.
d. With the test harness switch in either the "gear up" or "gear down" position, the input shaft in
either the "up neutral" or "down neutral" position, apply pressure and note that fluid flows from the
"door closed" fitting.
e. Disconnectthe test equipment and cap all open fittings.
6-90. ADJUSTMENTOF DOOR VENTVALVE. (Refer to Figure 6-12, item 26.)

a. Remove the cap from the "door open" fitting on the Power Pack and attach the pressure hose
from the hand pump with the 200 PSI pressuregaugeto the "door open" fitting.
b. Slowlyapply pressureto see that fluid seeps from the door vent valve.
c. Adjust the adjusting screw (27) so that fluid flows from the vent valve from 0 to 100 PSI (see
Table VI-II).
d. Increasepressure to 150 psi max. and check to see that the door vent valveis shut off. If pressure
fallsbelow 100 PSI, fluid must resume flowing from door vent valve(also see Table VI-II).
e. Relievepressure by cracking the hose fitting from the hand pump.
f. Disconnectthe test unit and cap all open fittings.
6-91. ASSEMBLYOF POWERPACK. (Refer to Figure 6-12.) To complete the reassemblyof the Power
Pack, proceed as follows:
a. Install the reservoircover (36) on the reservoir(46) and securewith nut (35) and safety wire nut
(35) to reservoircover (36) by using safety wire (37). Torque nut (35) to 35 inch-pounds.
NOTE
When positioning reservoir cover (36) make sure that the vent
fitting (39) points to the left when Power Pack is installed in the
airplane. Also when installing reservoir cover (36), be sure large
"0" ring (47) is not beingpinched.
6-92. TESTINGRESERVOIRFOR LEAKAGE. (Refer to Figure 6-12.)
a. Remove the drain fitting (100) as applicable, and attach hand pump with 200 PSI gauge to the
drain port.
b. Remove the cap from the reservoir vent fitting (39) at the top of the reservoirand operate the
hand pump until the reservoiris completely full, as indicated by fluid comingout of vent fitting (39).
c. Cap the reservoirvent fitting (39).
d. Operate the test hand pump to raise the pressure in the reservoir until the pressure gauge
indicates 50 PSI maximum.
2C9
NOTE
ITEMS 3 AND 4 NOT USED ON
SERIALNUMBERS 31T-8304001
AND UP
332
1. FILTER, RIGHT PUMP

2. GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDER, RIGHT
Figure 6-18. Hydraulic System Schematic
Revised: 4/25/83 2C10 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
e. Check for leaks, there should be no external leakage.

f. Crack the vent fitting to release the pressure, remove the test equipment, drain the reservoirand
cap the fittings.
g. The hydraulic PowerPack is now ready to be installed in the airplane.
6-93. INSTALLATIONOF POWERPACK. (Refer to Figure 6-3.)
a. Reach through the nose baggagecompartment upper, aft access panel, and position the Power
Pack within the mounting brackets (9). Install the bolts (15) to secure it in place. Safety wire the bolts
(15).
b. Uncap and connect the various hydraulic lines to the PowerPack.
c. Connect the electrical connector (7) to the aft end of the Power Pack and the landing gear
selector cable to the selector arm.
d. Replace the return air duct muffler, combustion air blower and appropriate hoses from right side
of fuselagenose section.
e. Fill the PowerPack in accordance with Paragraph6-98.
f. Bleed the system in accordance with Paragraph6-99.
g. Replace the access panels on both sides of the airplane nose section and in the nose baggage
compartment.
h. Check the system operation in accordancewith Paragraph6-9.
6-94. LANDINGGEARSELECTORHANDLEMECHANISM.
6-95. OPERATIONOF GEAR SELECTOR HANDLE MECHANISM.The operation of the landing gear
selector handle must give the feel of havingmade a positive engagement with a detent. With the selector
handle in the up or down position and in a detent, a force of 3-1/2 to 6 pounds applied perpendicular to
the centerline of the handle at the centerline of the knob will be required to move the handle from the
detent and return it to the neutral position. To check the operation of the gearselector handle mechanism,
place the airplane on jacks (refer to Jacking, Section II) and operate the landing gear selector handle
through its entire travel, both up and down.
6-96. INSPECTIONOF LANDINGGEAR SELECTORHANDLE.
a. Ascertain that the handle does not contact the ends of the slot in the instrument panel when
actuated to the extremes of its travel.
b. Inspect and be certain there is adequate clearance between the selector gear mechanism and
wiring harness which runs laterally across the aircraft.
c. Determine that locknuts are securely tightened and that all grommets have been properly
installed.
d. Check security of control cable connections to the actuator arms on both the Power Pack and
selector handle.
6-97. ADJUSTMENTOF LANDINGGEAR SELECTORHANDLE.

a. Ascertain that the selector arm on the lever assemblyis safety wired as shown in Figure 6-8 or
Figure 6-15.
b. Depress the button on the solenoid lock to allow the handle to travel freely between the two
neutral positions.
c. To check the handle release mechanism, disconnect the control cable from the arm at the Power
Pack. Connect a spring scale to the arm and pull both fore and aft, perpendicular to the centerline of the
arm to determine that it will leave the detent at a force of 9 + 1-2 pounds. If it does not release at the
required force, adjust the mechanism in accordance with instructions given in Paragraph 645 for Ozone
units or Paragraph6-85 for WiebelTool units.
2C11
d. Position the control arm on the Power Pack in neutral and the selector handle in the down
neutral position. Refer to Paragraph 6-85 for a method of holding the control arm in the neutral rigging
position on WiebelTool units.
e. Connect the terminal ends of the cable assemblyto the Power Pack control arm and the selector
handle.
f. The terminal ends can be adjusted to obtain the neutral position in both the control arm and
selector handle.
NOTE
Wheneverthe cable assemblyis removedfrom the airplaneand then

reinstalled, be sure to seal the cable where it passes through the
pressure bulkhead. Refer to Section IV for sealing.
g. Recheck that the handle willleave the detent at 3-1/2 to 6 pounds.

6-98. FILLINGHYDRAULICRESERVOIR. (Refer to Section II, ServicingHydraulic Reservoir.)
6-99. BLEEDINGTHE HYDRAULICSYSTEM.
a. Jack the airplane as describedin Section II.
b. Ascertainthat the reservoiris full.
c. Connect a hydraulic test unit to the airplane as describedin Paragraph6-8.
d. Cyclethe landinggear system through severalcycles.
e. Checkthat hydraulic reservoiris full.
f. Disconnect the hydraulic test unit as described in Paragraph6-17.
h. Removethe airplane from jacks.
6-100. HANDPUMP(EMERGENCY)(OZONE).
6-101. REMOVALOF HANDPUMP.
a. Remove the pump accesspanel located aft of the control pedestal.
b. Disconnect the hydraulic pressure and suction lines from the forward end of the pump.
c. Removethe pump from its mounting bracket by removingattachment bolts.
d. Removethe pump from the airplane.
e. Cover the pressure and suction linesto prevent contamination.
6-102. DISASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMP. (Refer to Figure 6-19.)
a. To remove the plunger (13) and component parts, remove pin (22) and allen screws (19)
allowingthe bracket (18) to separate from the pump body (6).
b. Pull the plunger assemblyfrom the pump body.
c. Slidethe scraper(17) and packinggland (15) from the plunger ( 13).
d. To remove the check ball assemblyfrom the plunger, remove the snap ring (7) in the end of the
plunger and with a low charge of air injected into the hole in the side of the plunger,blow the check ball
(10) and seat (9) from the plunger.Remove the spring (11).
e. To remove the check ball assembly located in the suction port, reach into the port with a pair of
long snap ring pliers and remove the snap ring (1). With a low chargeof air injected into the interior of the
pump body, blow the seat (3) and check ball from the suction port. Removethe spring (5).
2C12
12. O-RING PACKING 22. PIN, FLAT HEAD
13. PLUNGER 23. PIN, FLAT HEAD
14. O-RING PACKING 24. PIN, FLAT HEAD
15. GLAND, PACKING 25. PIN, COTTER
16. O-RING 26. PIN, ROLL
17. SCRAPER 27. SPRING
18. BRACKET 21. SCREW
19. SCREW, ALLEN 29. STOP
20. LINK 30. SAFETY WIRE
21. LEVER 31. WASHER
Figure 6-19. Hand Pump (Ozone)
Reissued: 2/6/81 HYRAULIC SYSTEM

2C13
6-103. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF HANDPUMP.

a. Cleanthe pump parts with a suitable solvent and dry thoroughly.
b. Inspect the pump body for scratches, burrs, etc., that could damage "O" rings and threaded areas
for damage.
c. Inspect the plunger for enlargedpinhole, surface area for scratches, burrs, etc., that could damage
"O" rings.
d. Inspect check balls and seats for damaged seating areasand corrosion.
e. Checkgeneral condition of remainingparts.
f. Repairs to the pump are limited to polishing out small scratches, burrs, etc., replacing"O" rings
and worn or damagedparts.
6-104. ASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMP. (Refer to Figure 6-19.)
a. To install the plungerassembly,first install the check ball assemblyin the plungerby placing "O"
ring packing (8) on seat (9). Lubricate the seat (9) with hydraulic fluid, MIL-H-5606,and install check ball
spring (11), check ball (10) and seat (9) in the end of the plunger. Install snap ring (7) to secure parts in
place.
b. Install "O" ring packing (12) on the plunger.
c. Install "O" rings (14 and 16) on the exterior and in the interior of the packinggland (15).
d. Lubricate the packinggland and plunger assemblies Slidethe packing gland onto the smallend of
the plunger (13) with the recessedend toward the smallend of the plunger and insert the plunger with the
packinggland (15) into the pump body (6).
e. Position the scraper(17) on the plunger (13), with the flat end toward the gland (15), and slide it
into the pump body (6).
f. Attach the bracket (18) to the pump body (6), install allen screwsand safety with MS20995C20
lock wire.
g. Position link (20) and install pins (22 and 23), washers (31) and cotter pins (25).
h. To install the check ball assembly in the suction port of the pump body, install "O" ring (2) on
ball seat (3). Lubricate the seat assemblywith hydraulic fluid, install spring (5), check ball (4), seat (3) and
securein place with snap ring (1).
6-105. INSTALLATIONOF HANDPUMP.
a. Position the hand pump on its mounting bracket and securewith bolts.
b. Connect the hydraulic pressure and suction lines to the forward end of the pump.
c. Bleed the hand pump as described in Paragraph 6-106 and test the hand pump as described in
Paragraph 6-107.
d. Install accesspanel.
e. Ascertainthat hydraulic fluid is visiblethrough the sight gaugeat the front of the Power Pack.
6-106. BLEEDINGHANDPUMP. The hand pump may be purged by operating the pump until all air has
been expelled from the pump. This will usually require approximately 15 cycles of the pump.
6-107. HANDPUMPTEST.
a. Ascertainthat the reservoiris filled with hydraulic fluid.
b. Remove cap from door-open port and operate emergencyhand pump until fluid flows from port
with no evidence of air in the system. Replenish reservoir with clean hydraulic fluid as necessary to
maintain fluid level.
c. After pump is primed and bled of all air, remove fitting and install 2100 psi gaugeat door-open
port.
d. Operate emergency hand pump very slowly until pressure on gauge stops increasing,indicating
that the hand pump relief valvehas opened.

2C14
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
CAUTION
It is very important that the hand pump be operated very slowly
as pressure is being increased to bleed the hand pump relief valve.
If the hand pump is operated rapidly, damage to the valve can
occur as air permits parts to "slam" against each other.
Maximumindication of the gaugeshould be as indicated in Table VI-I.During the pumpingoperation,
the emergencyhand pump should not feel spongyin either the up or down stroke.
e. Crack the gauge in the door-open port to releasepressure; remove the gauge;reinstalland cap the
door-open fitting, and drain the fluid from reservoir.
6-108. HANDPUMP(EMERGENCY)(WIEBELTOOL).
6-109. REMOVALOF HANDPUMP. (Same as Paragraph6-101.)
6-110. DISASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMP. (Refer to Figure 6-20.)
a. To remove the plunger (13) and component parts, remove quick click pin (14) and the four
screws(25) allowingthe bracket (21) to separate from the pump body (6).
NOTE
To remove the quick click pins (14), (22) and (24), use a hollow
steel rod having an outside diameter of .186-.184 inches and an
inside diameter (bore) of .166 inches. The inside diameter should
have a minimumdepth of .125 inches.
b. Pull the plunger assemblyfrom the pump body.
c. Slidethe scraper (20) and the gland (16) from the plunger (13).
d. To remove the check valveassemblyfrom the plunger, removethe snap ring (7) from the plunger
cavity and with a low charge of air injected into the hole in the side of the plunger, remove the seat (9), ball
(10) and the spring(11).
e. To removethe check valveassemblylocated in the suction port of the pump body (6) remove the
snap ring (1). Inject a low charge of air into the plunger bore in the pump body to remove the seat (3), the
ball (4) and the spring(5).
6-111. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF HANDPUMP. (Same as Paragraph6-103.)
6-112. ASSEMBLYOF HANDPUMP. (Refer to Figure 6-20.) Lubricate all parts with oil per MIL-H-5606
prior to assembly.
a. Lubricate"O" ring (8) and install on seat (9).
b. Install spring (11), ball (10) and lubricated seat (9) into the plunger (13) and retain with snap
ring (7).
c. Install GT-ring(12) on the plunger (13).
d. Install "O" ring (19) and back up (17) into insidegroove of gland (16).
e. Install "O" ring (15) and back up (18) into outside groove of gland (16).
f. Lubricate the complete gland (16) and slide onto the plunger (13) with the recessedend on the
outside.
g. Lubricate the bore of the pump body (6) and slide plunger (13) with gland (16) into the pump
body (6).
h. Install the scraper (20) into the recess of gland(16) by slidingscraperover plunger (13). Tapered
lip of scraper (20) to face outward.
2C15
1. SNAP RING 15. "0" RING 29. HANDLE
2. "O" RING 16. GLAND 30. STOP
3. SEAT 17. BACK UP 31. ROLL PIN
4. BALL 18. BACK UP 32. SPRING
S. SPRING 19. "0" RING 33. DRIVE SCREW
6. BODY. PUMP 20. SCRAPER 34. HANDLE ASSEMBLY
7. SNAP RING 21. BRACKET
5. "O" RING 22. QUICK CLICK PIN
9. SEAT 23. LINK
10. BALL 24. QUICK CLICK PIN
11. SPRING 25. SCREW
12. GT-RING 26. LEVER
13. PLUNGER 27. GRIP
14. QUICK CLICK PIN 28. ROLL PIN
Figure 6-20. Hand Pump (WiebelTool)
Reissued: 2/6/81 2C16 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

2C16
i. Attach the bracket (21) to the pump body (6) with the four screws (25). Torque to 70
inch-pounds.
j. Position link (23) and install quick click pin (14).
k. Lubricate "O" ring (2) and install on seat (3).
1. Install spring (5), ball (4) and lubricated seat (3) into the suction port of the pump body (6) and
secure with snap ring (1).
6-113. INSTALLATIONOF HANDPUMP.
a. Positionthe hand pump on its mounting bracket and secure with bolts.
b. Connect the hydraulic pressure and suction lines to the forward end of the pump.
c. Bleed the hand pump as described in Paragraph6-114 and test the hand pump as described in
Paragraph6-115.
d. Installaccesspanel.
e. Ascertainthat the reservoiris filled with hydraulic fluid.
6-114. BLEEDINGHANDPUMP. The hand pump may be purged by operating the pump until all air has
been expelledfrom the pump. This willusually require approximately 15 cycles of the pump.
6-115. HAND PUMP TEST.
a. Ascertain that the reservoir is filled with hydraulic fluid.
b. Remove cap from door-open port and operate emergencyhand pump until fluid flows from port
with no evidenceof air in the system. Replenishreservoirwith clean hydraulic fluid as necessaryto maintain
fluid level
c. After pump is primed and bled of all air, install 3000 psi pressure gauge at door-open port.
d. Operate emergency hand pump very slowlyuntil pressure on gauge stops increasing, indicating
that the hand pump relief valve has opened.
CAUTION
It is very important that the hand pump be operated very slowly
as pressure is being increased to bleed the hand pump relief valve.
If the hand pump is operated rapidly, damage to the valve can
occur as air permits parts to "slam" against each other.
Maximum indication of the gauge should be as indicated in Table VI-II. During the pumping
operation, the emergencyhand pump should not feel spongy in either the up or down stroke.
e. Crack door-open fitting to release gaugepressure.Removegauge, cap door-open fitting, and drain
fluid from reservoir.
2C17
1070
1. CYLINDER BODY
2. O-RING
3. PISTON
4. O-RING
5. GLAND
6. O-RING
7. LOCKNUT, GLAND
. STOP
9. LOCKNUT
10. LOCK
11. LOCKNUT
12. LOCK
13. ROD END
14 BACKUP RING
15 GLYD RING
16 BACKUP RING
Figure 6-21. Nose Gear Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 2923-3)

I
2C18
6-116. NOSE GEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDER(OZONE).

6-117. REMOVALOF NOSEGEARACTUATINGCYLINDER.
a. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking, Section II.)
b. Disconnect the hydraulic lines from the actuating cylinder and cover the open line ends to
prevent contamination.
c. Disconnectthe cylinder operating rod end from the link assembly.
d. Disconnect the attachment end of the cylinder by removingthe bolt that secures the cylinder and
nose gearuplock rod.
e. Removethe cylinder from the wheelwell.
6-118. DISASSEMBLYOF NOSEGEARACTUATINGCYLINDER. (Refer to Figure 6-21.)
a. Before disassemblyestablish rod end engagement distance to aid in preliminary assemblyof the
actuating cylinder.
b. With the cylinder removed from the airplane, remove the safety wire attached to the rod end
locknut (11) and lock (12). Loosen the locknut and remove the rod end (13).
c. Remove the safety wire attached to the locknut (9) of the stroke control stop and lock (10).
Remove the stop (8) from the piston rod end.
d. Removethe safety wire between the cylinder body (1) and gland locknut (7). Loosen the gland
locknut and with a spanner wrenchremove the gland(5).
e. Drawthe piston (3) from the cylinder body.
6-119. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF NOSEGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDER.
a. Cleanthe cylinder parts with a suitable solvent and dry thoroughly.
b. Inspect the cylinder interior walls and piston exterior surfacesfor scratches,burrs, corrosion, etc.
c. Inspect threaded areas for damage.
d. Inspect the rod end fitting for wear and corrosion.
e. Repairs to the cylinder are limited to polishing out small scratches, burrs, etc., and replacing
parts.
6-120. ASSEMBLYOF NOSEGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDER. (Refer to Figure 6-21.)

a. *Install "O" rings (2) on the body of the piston assembly(3).
b. Install "O" rings (4 and 6) on the exterior and in the interior of the packing gland (5).
c. Lubricate the piston assembly (3), interior of the cylinder body (1) and the packing gland (5)
with hydraulic fluid, MIL-H-5606.
d. Slidethe packing gland onto the shaft of the piston assembly.
e. Slide the piston assemblyinto the cylinder and with spanner wrench turn the packing glandinto
the cylinder to a snug fit. Install glandlocknut (7) and safety to the cylinder with MS20995C32lock wire.
f. Turn the stop (8) of the stroke control on the cylinder rod and install locknut (9) and lock (10).
g. Install the rod end (13), locknut ( 11) and lock (12) on the piston rod.
h. Adjust rod end (13) to preliminary length obtained before disassembly. Before securing the
locknuts of the stroke control stop and rod end with MS20995C32lock wire, ascertain that the stroke
control stop and rod end fitting are properly adjusted. (Refer to Adjustment of Nose LandingGear, Section
VII.)
6-121. INSTALLATIONOF NOSEGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDER.
a. Position the attachment end of the cylinder and the uplock rod end of the nose gear on mounting
bracket, install attachment bolt and secure.
b. Connect the operating rod end of the cylinder to the gearlink assembly.
c. Connect the hydraulic linesto the cylinder.
d. Checkoperation of the installation and landing gear riggingas givenin Section VII.
e. Removethe airplane from jacks.
2C19
16
1. CYLINDERBODY
Figure 6-22. Nose or Main Gear Actuating Cylinder

(Wiebel Tool WTC 2115-1, WTC 2235-1 and WTC 2236-1)
Revised:1/5/84 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

2C20
6-122. NOSE OR MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDER (WIEBEL TOOL WTC 2115-1, WTC 2235
AND WTC 2236-1).
6-123. REMOVAL OF NOSE OR MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDER. [Same as Paragraph 6-117
(NOSE) or Paragraph 6-129 (MAIN).]
6-124. DISASSEMBLY OF NOSE OR MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDER. (Refer to Figure 6-22.)
a. Before disassembly establish rod end engagement distance to aid in preliminary assembly of the
actuating cylinder.
b. Loosen nut (11) to disengage key (15) and remove rod end (12).
c. Cut safety wire (14) and remove. Remove nut (10), key (13) and stop (9) from piston (3).
d. Remove safety wire (16) and end cap (6) from the cylinder body (1) by unthreading end cap (6)
and pulling out the piston (3).
e. Slide end cap (6) from the piston (3).
6-125. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF NOSE OR MAIN GEAR ACTUATING

CYLINDER. (Same as Paragraph 6-119.)
6-126. ASSEMBLY OF NOSE OR MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDER. (Refer to Figure 6-22.)
Lubricate all parts with hydraulic fluid per MIL-H-5606 prior to assembly.
a. Install GT-ring (2) on the head of the piston (3).
b. Install back up (5) and "O" ring (4) into outside groove of end cap (6).
c. Install GT-ring (7) and scraper (8) into inside grooves of end cap (6). Tapered lip of scraper (8) to
face outward.
d. Lubricate the piston assembly (3), the end cap assembly (6) and the bore of the cylinder body (1).
e. Slide the end cap assembly (6) onto the piston assembly (3).
f. Slide the piston with the end cap into the cylinder, tighten the end cap (6) by torquing to 65
inch-pounds and secure to the cylinder body (1) using safety wire (16).
g. Install the stop (9) and the nut (10) with key (13) on the piston (3).
h. Install the rod end (12) with nut (II) and key (15) into the piston (3).
i. Adjust stop (9) for proper piston stroke, tighten nut (10) by torquing to 65 inch-pounds and
secure by wiring nut (10) to key (13) using safety wire (14).
j. Adjust rod end (12) to preliminary length obtained before disassembly. Refer to adjustment of
Landing Gear, Section VII for final adjustments. Engage key (15) and tighten nut (11) to a torque of 85
inch-pounds.
6-127. INSTALLATION OF NOSE OR MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDER. [Same as Paragraph

6-121 (NOSE) or Paragraph 6-133 (MAIN).]

2C21
6-128. MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS(OZONE).

6-129. REMOVALOF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS.
a. Place the airplane on jacks.(Refer to Jacking Section II.)
b. Disconnect the hydraulic lines from the actuating cylinder and cover the open line ends to
prevent contamination.
c. Disconnectthe cylinder operating rod end from the link assembly.
d. Disconnectthe attachment end of the cylinder by removingthe bolt that secures the cylinder and
the main gear uplock crank assembly.
e. Removethe cylinder from wheel well
6-130._DISASSEMBLYOF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS. (Refer to Figure 6-23.)
a. Before disassemblyestablish rod end engagementdistance to aid in preliminaryassembly of the
actuating cylinder.
b. With the cylinder removed from the airplane,remove the safety wire (13) attached to the locknut
(6) and cylinder body (1).
c. Loosen nut (9) and removerod end (10).
d. Removelocknut (6) and unscrew gland(5) from cylinder body (1).
e. Draw the piston (4) from cylinder body.
6-131. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS. (Same as
Paragraph 6-119.)
6-132. ASSEMBLYOF MAIN GEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS. (Refer to Figure 6-23.) Lubricate all
parts with hydraulic fluid per MIL-H-5606prior to assembly.
a. Install "O" ring (2) and ring back ups (3) on piston (4).
b. Install "O" ring ( 1) and glide ring (12) on exterior of gland (5).
c. Install "O" ring (7) and ring back ups (8) on interior of gland (5).
d. Slide gland (5) on piston (4) and screw gland into piston. Torque glandto 65 15 inch-pounds
e. Securegland with locknut (6) torque to 65 ± 15 inch-pounds.
f. Adjust rod end (10) to preliminary length obtained before disassembly.Refer to Adjustment of
Main Landing Gear, Section VII for final adjustments.Tighten nut (9) to a torque of 65 15 inch-pounds.
g. Reconnect safety wire (13).
6-133. INSTALLATIONOF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS.
a. Position the attachment end of the cylinder and the uplock crank assemblyon mounting bracket,
install attachment bolt and secure.
b. Connect the operating rod end of the cylinder to the gear link assembly.
c. Connect the hydraulic lines to the cylinder.
d. Checkoperation of the installation and landing gear riggingas givenin Section VII.
e. Removeairplane from jacks.
2C22
Figure 6-23. Main Gear Actuating Cylinder (Ozone OAS 5107-1)

2C23
6-134. MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (WIEBEL TOOL WTC 2145-1 AND WTC 2145-3).
6-135. REMOVALOF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS. (Same as Paragraph6-129.)
6-136. DISASSEMBLYOF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS. (Refer to Figure 6-24.)
a. Before disassemblyestablish rod end engagement distance to aid in preliminary assemblyof the
actuating cylinder.
b. With the cylinder removed from the airplane,remove the safety wire (12) attached to the end cap
(4) and cylinder body (1).
c. Loosen nut (9) and removekey (10) and rod end (11).
d. Unscrewend cap (4) from cylinder body (1).
e. Draw the piston (3) from cylinder body.
6-137. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF MAINGEAR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS. (Same as

Paragraph6-119.)
6-138. ASSEMBLY OF MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDERS. (Refer to Figure 6-24.) Lubricate all
parts with hydraulic fluid per MIL-H-5606prior to assembly.
a. Install GT-ring (2) on piston (3).
b. Install "O" ring (5) and back up (6) on exterior of end cap (4).
c. Install GT-ring (7) and scraper (8) on interior of end cap (4).
d. Slide end cap (4) on piston (3)and screwend cap into cylinder body (1).Torque end cap to 65 ± 15
inch-pounds and safety wire (12).
e. Install nut (9) and key (10) on rod end (11) and screw into piston (3).
f. Adjust rod end (11) to preliminary length obtained before disassembly.Refer to Adjustment of
Main Landing Gear, Section VII for final adjustments. Tighten nut (9) to a torque of 85 ± 15 inch-pounds.
6-139. INSTALLATION OF MAIN GEAR ACTUATING CYLINDERS. (Same as Paragraph 6-133.)
6-140. GEAR DOOR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS(OZONE). (RefertoPartsCatalogforS/N Effectivity.)

6-141. REMOVAL OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (OAS2924-3).
a. With master switch off, actuate the hand pump handle to bring the gear door down.
b. Disconnect the hydraulic lines from the actuating cylinder and cap the open line ends to prevent
contamination.
c. Disconnect the cylinder from the door and its mounting bracket.
d. Remove the cylinder from the wheelwell.
6-142. DISASSEMBLY OF GEARDOOR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS.(OAS-2924-3). (Refer to Figure 6-25.)

a. Unlock cylinder by applying hydraulic pressure to port in clevis end (22) of actuator.
b. Loosen locknut (2) and removerod end (1) from piston rod. Remove locknut from piston.
c. Removesafety wire from knurled nuts (13) and loosen knurled nuts.
d. Removeglandend (5) from barrel (17), usinga strap wrench on barrel.
e. Remove clevis end (22) from barrel, then push piston (7) from barrel. Use care when pushing
piston from barrel, to prevent the loss of the six balls (12).
f. Removespacer (6) from barrel.
g. Remove "O" ring (4) and back up ring (3) from glandend (5).
h. Apply a sharp blast of air to hydraulic port of clevisend (22) to remove plunger (18), washer
(11), and race (10). Removespring (21) from clevisend.
i. Remove "O" rings and back up rings from barrel, piston and plunger.

2 C24
Figure 6-24. Main Gear Actuating Cylinder

(Wiebel Tool WTC 2145-1and WTC 2145-3)

2D1
FORWARD
Actuator Cylinder
90* ELBOW(REF)
(TIGHTENFITTING
NUT96 TO 100
IN.-LBS.AFTER
POSITIONING.)
15 °
15
45 ELBOW (REF.)
(TIGHTENFITTING
NUT95 TO 100
IN.-LBS.AFTER
POSITIONING.)
1. ROD END 14. O-RING

2. LOCKNUT 15. BACKUP RING
VIEW LOOKINGINBOARDAT LEFTMAIN 3. BACKUP RING 16. NAMEPLATE
GEAR DOOR ACTUATINGCYLINDER. 4. O-RING 17. BARREL
(RIGHTSIDEOPPOSITE) 5. GLAND END 18. PLUNGER
6. SPACER 19. O-RING
7. PISTON 20. BACKUP RING
8. BACKUP RING 21. SPRING
9. O-RING 22. CLEVIS END
10. RACE 23. SAFETY WIRE
11. WASHER
12. BALLS
13. NUT, KNURLED
Figure 6-25. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Ozone 2924-3)

2D2
6-143. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS.

(OAS2924-3).
a. Clean the cylinder parts with a suitable solvent and dry thoroughly.
b. Inspect all threaded surfaces for cleanlinessand for freedom from cracks and excessivewear.
c. Inspect the plungerspring (21)of the plungerfor evidenceof breaks and distortion. The freelength
of the spring must be 1.055inches and compressedto .875 inch under a 35 + 3.5 pound load.
d. Inspect the gland end (5), spacer (6), piston (7), barrel (17), plunger (18) and clevis end (22) for
cracks, chips, scratches,scoring, wear or surfaceirregularities which may effect their function or the overall
function of the door actuator cylinder.
e. Repair of most parts of the landing gear door actuator assemblyis impractical. Replacedefective
parts with serviceableparts. Minor scratchesand scoresmaybe removedby polishingwith fine abrasivecrocus
cloth (Federal SpecificationP-C-458)providingtheir removal does not affect the operation of the unit. Install
all new "O" rings and back up rings during reassembly of the actuator.
6-144. ASSEMBLY OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDER. (OAS2924-3).
a. Install "O" ring (19) and back up ring (20) in the groove on the plunger (18).
b. Insert the spring (21) and plunger (18) into the clevis end (22). Install the washer (11) and race (10)
over the end of the plunger (18).
c. With knurled nuts (13) on the barrel (17), install "O" rings (14) and back up rings(15) in grooves on
barrel.
d. Install "O" ring (9) and back up rings (8) in groove on piston (7) and install balls (12) in holes of
piston.
e. Insert piston into barrel. Be sure that all six balls (12) are in place in the piston as the piston is
inserted in the barrel.
f. Screw the barrel (17) into the clevis end (22). Tighten the barrel down smugly against race, then
tighten knurled nut (13).
g. Insert spacer (6) in barrel (17). Spacer (6) is used only in main landing gear wheel door actuator.
h. Install "O" ring (4) and back up ring (3) in bore groove of gland end (5), lubricate piston rod and
slide gland end over rod. Tighten the gland end on the barrel, aligning the hydraulic port fittings of the gland
end with the port fitting in the clevis end.
i Tighten knurled nuts (13) to a torque value of 130 10 pounds. Install lock wire on both knurled
nuts.
j. Install locknut (2) and rod end (1).
6-145. INSTALLATION OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDER. (OAS2924-3).

a. Position the cylinder on its mounting bracket and secure with attachment bolt.
b. Extend the cylinder control rod enough to attach the rod end to the door and secure with attachment
bolt.
NOTE
Inspect the hydraulic hoses for signs of external wear from contact
with the tire. Replace if necessary.
c. Inspect the hydraulic fittings on both inboard gear door actuating cylinders. Assure their position is
15° forward to the actuating cylinder centerline. (Refer to Figure 6-25.)
d. Connect the hydraulic lines to the cylinder. Torque nut to 95 to 100 inch-pounds.
e. Connect the pneumatic line to the cylinder and torque 95 to 100 inch-pounds. (WTC 2218-1 only.)
f. Perform a retraction test to assure the tire does not rub the hoses. (Rotate the tire to check for
possible "High Spots" on the tread.)
g. To bring the gear door back to the closed position, turn the master switch ON, place the gear selector
switch in the down position and actuate the hand pump until the door closes.
2D3
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
6-146. GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (WIEBEL TOOL). (Refer to Parts Catalog for S/N
Effectivity.)
6-147. REMOVAL OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS. (WTC2114-1).(Same as Paragraph
6-141.)
6-148. DISASSEMBLY OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS. (WTC2114-1). (Refer to

Figure 6-26.)
a. Unlock the cylinder by applying hydraulic pressureto the clevisend (22) port. Extend piston (6)
all the way.
b. Loosen locknut (2) and removerod end (1) from piston (6). Removelocknut (2) from piston (6).
c. Remove safety wire (5) and (21) from nut (11) and nut (13). Loosen both nuts (11) and (13).
4 6
d. Remove end cap(4)from barrel(12)but-leave end cap( ) on piston ( ).
e. Remove clevisend (22) from barrel (12). Pull piston (6) with end cap (4) from barrel (12). Use
care when pulling piston out of barrel to prevent the loss of the six balls (7) which are nested in the head
end of the piston (6).
f. Remove end cap (4) from piston (6).
g. Pull race (16), plunger (19) and spring(20) out of the clevisend (22).
h. Remove GT-ring(3) from end cap (4).
i. Remove "O" rings (9) and (15) and the back up rings(10) and (14) from the barrel (12).
j. RemoveGT-ring(8) from piston (6).
k. Remove "O" ring (17) and back up ring ( 18) from plunger( 19).
6-149. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF GEAR DOOR ACTUATINGCYLINDERS.
a. Cleanthe cylinder parts with a suitable solvent and dry thoroughly.
b. Inspect all threaded surfaces for cleanlinessand for freedom of cracks and excessivewear.
c. Inspect the plungerspring (20) for evidenceof breaks and distortion. Compressthe spring (20) to
a length of .750 inches and measureload. Load should be 30 + 2 pounds.
d. Inspect the end cap (4), piston (6), barrel (12), race (16), plunger (19) and clevis end (22) for
cracks, chips, scratches, scoring, wear and surface irregularitieswhich may effect proper function of the
door actuator cylinder.
e. Repair of most parts of the landinggear door actuator assemblyis impractical.Replacedefective
parts with new parts. Minor scratches and scores may be removed by polishingwith "fine abrasive"crocus
cloth (Federal Specification P-C458) providingtheir removaldoes not affect the operation of the actuator
assembly. Replace all "O" rings, back up rings and GT-ringswith new ones during the reassemblyof the
actuator.
6-150. ASSEMBLYOF GEAR DOOR ACTUATINGCYLINDER. (WTC2114-1).(Referto Figure 6-26.)
Lubricate all parts with oil per MIL-H-5606prior to assembly.
a. Install "O" ring (17) and back up ring (18) into groove of plunger (19).
b. Install nut (11) and nut (13) on barrel (12).
c. Install back up rings (10) and (14) and "O" rings (9) and (15) into groovesof barrel (12).
d. Install spring (20), plunger (19) and race (16) into clevis end (22) and secureby screwingbarrel
(12) into clevis end (22). Tighten barrel down againstthe race (16), and torque to 120 to 140 inch-pounds.
Then tighten nut (13) againstthe clevisend (22) and torque to 120 to 140 inch-pounds.
e. Install GT-ring(8) into groove of piston (6).
f. Install GT-ring(3) into grooveinside the end cap (4).
g. Slide piston (6) into the end cap (4), install six balls (7) into holes in piston head (6) and insert
assembly into bore of barrel (12). Screw end cap (4) onto barrel (12) and align port in end cap (4) with
port in clevisend (22). Tighten nut (11) againstend cap (4) and torque to 120 to 140 inch-pounds.
h. Securenut (11) to end cap (4) using safety wire (5).
i. Securenut (13) to clevisend (22) usingsafety wire (21).
j. Install locknut (2) and rod end (1) on piston (6).
k. Adjust rod end (1) to achieveproper length of actuator assemblyand lock with locknut (2).
2D4
Actuator Cylinder
16. RACE
17. "O" RING
18. BACK UP
19. PLUNGER
20. SPRING
21. SAFETY WIRE
22. CLEVIS END
Figure 6-26. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool, WTC2114-1)

2D5
6-151. INSTALLATION OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDER (WTC2114-1).(Same as

Paragraph 6-145.)
6-151a. REMOVAL OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (WTC2218-1).(Same as Para-

graph 6-141.)
6-151b. DISASSEMBLY OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (WTC2218-1).(Refer to

Figure 6-26a.)
a. Unlock the cylinderby applyinghydraulic pressureto the hydraulicport ofthe fitting assembly(21).
Extend piston (6) all the way.
b. Remove safety wire (5) and (20).
c. Loosen locknut (2) and remove rod end (1) from piston (6). Remove locknut (2) from piston (6).
d. Loosen both nuts (11) and (13).
e. Remove end cap (4) from barrel (12) but leave end cap (4) on piston (6).
f. Removefitting assembly(21)from barrel (12).Pull piston (6) with end cap (4) from barrel (12).Use
care when pullingpiston out of barrel to preventthe loss of the six balls (7)whichare nestedin the head end of
the piston (6).
g. Remove end cap (4) from piston (6).
h. Remove retainer (29) and pull out plug (28) by using a threaded rod or bolt with a #6-40thread.
i. Remove pin assembly (26) with allen wrench.
j. Remove retainer assembly (22) and the piston (25).
k. Pull race (16), plunger (17) and spring (19) out of the fitting assembly (21).
1. Remove GT-ring (3) from end cap (4).
m. Remove GT-ring (8) from piston (6).
n. Remove O-rings (9 and 15) with back up rings (10 and 14) from barrel (12).
o. Remove O-ring (18) from plunger (17).
p. Remove O-ring (23) from retainer assembly(22).
q. Remove O-ring (24) from piston (25).
r. Remove O-ring (27) from plug (28).
6-151c. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS

(WTC2218-1).(Same as Paragraph 6-149.)
6-151d. ASSEMBLY OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (WTC2218-1).(Refer to Figure
6-26a.)
NOTE
Lubricate all parts with oil per MIL-H-5606prior to assembly.

a. Install O-ring (18) into groove of plunger (17).
b. Install nut (11 and 13)on barrel (12).
c. Install back up rings (10 and 14)and O-rings(9 and 15) into grooves of barrel (12).
d. Install spring (19), plunger (17) and race (16) into fitting assembly (21) and secure by screwing
barrel (12) into fitting assembly(21).Tighten barrel down against the race (16) and torque 120to 140inch-
pounds. Tighten nut (13)against the fitting assembly(21) and torque 120to 140 inch-pounds.
e. Install GT-ring (8) into groove of piston (6).
f. Install GT-ring (3) into inside groove of end cap (4).
g. Slidepiston (6)into the end cap (4),install six balls(7)into theholes in the piston head(6) and insert
assembly into bore of barrel (12) and align port in end cap (4) with hydraulic port in fitting assembly(21).
Tighten nut (11) against end cap (4) and torque 120to 140 inch-pounds.
Revised: 2/15/82 2D6

2D6
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
h. Secure nut (11) to end cap (4) using safety wire (5).
i. Secure nut (13) to fitting assembly (21) using safety wire (20).
j. Install locknut (2) and rod end (1) on piston (6).
k. Install O-ring (24) into groove of piston (25).
1. Install O-ring (23) into groove of retainer assembly(22).
m. Install O-ring (27) into groove of plug (28).
n. Install piston (25) into fitting assembly(21). Cross holein piston (25)to be in linewith holebelowthe
"air" port in the fitting assembly(21).
o. Install pin assembly (26) into piston (25) using alien wrench.
NOTE
Screw pin assembly(26)all the way in till its tip touches the plunger
(17) and then "back-up" half a turn.
p. Install plug (28) into fitting assembly(21) and secure with retainer (29).
q. Install retainer assembly(22) into fitting assembly(21).
NOTE
Screw retainer assembly(22) in till face of retainerassemblyis flush
with face of fitting assembly(21).
r. Adjust rod end (1) to achieve proper length of actuator assemblyand lock with locknut (2).
6-151e. INSTALLATION OF GEAR DOOR ACTUATING CYLINDERS (WTC2218-1). (Same as
Paragraph 6-145.)
6-152. HYDRAULICLINES.
6-153. REMOVALAND INSTALLATIONOF HYDRAULICLINES. Remove a damaged hydraulic line
by disconnectingthe fittings at each end and by disconnectingwhere securedby brackets. Refer to Figure
6-18 as an aid in the location of attaching brackets and bends in the lines. Provide a small container for
draining the line. Install a new or repaired line in reverse order and refill the Power Pack with hydraulic
fluid in accordancewith Filling HydraulicReservoir,Section II.
NOTE
Where straight thread type fittings are used, the locknuts are to be
tightened so that the "O" ring seals are on the non-threaded
portion of the fitting.
6-154. HYDRAULICFILTER.
6-155. REMOVALAND INSTALLATIONOF HYDRAULICFILTER. The hydraulic filter, located on
the lower right forward side of each enginefirewall,is removedby the followingprocedure:
a. Remove the lower engine cowl and the right accessplate on the engine nacelleaft of the firewall.
b. Disconnect the filter inlet hose and the outlet line from the filter.
c. Removethe filter from the firewall by holding the bolts at the aft side of the firewalland turning
off the nut at the filter.
d. The filter may be installedin the reverseprocedure.
e. After engine has been operated, check for leaks.

2 D7
Figure 6-26a. Gear Door Actuating Cylinder (Wiebel Tool, WTC2218-1)
2D8
6-156. REPLACEMENTOF FILTER ELEMENT. (Refer to Figure 6-27.)

a. Removethe lower engine cowl
b. Cut safety wire, unscrew bowl and remove filter element.
c. Clean filter bowl with a suitable cleaningsolvent and dry.
d. Replacefilter element and "O" ring on bowl.
e. Half fill filter bowl to minimize trapped air in the hydraulic system and replace bowl
f. Safetyfilter bowl with MS20995C20safety wire and replace cowl.
g. After enginehas been operated, check for leaks.
6-157. HYDRAULICPUMP.
6-158. HYDRAULIC PUMP OPERATIONAL CHECK. To determine the operable condition of each
hydraulic pump, the followingcheck may be conducted:
a. Start one engine and allowit to stabilizeat idle.
b. With the engine operating at 52%gas generator speed, move the gear selector handle to the gear
down position. The one pump should build up pressure within the hydraulic system and return the selector
handle to neutral position within three to nine seconds. Again select the down position and check the
handle return time.
c. Shut down the engine and repeat the precedingsteps for the other engine.
d. Should it be found that the selector handle will not return to neutral during the operational
check for one pump, but will return within the required time with the check of the other, then it can be
assumedthat the pump is at fault and it should be removed to determine the cause of malfunction.
6-159. PROCEDURE AFTER ENGINE-DRIVENHYDRAULIC PUMP FAILURE. Should a pump

breakage occur, there may be metal particles in the hydraulic system. To rectify this condition the
hydraulic system should be flushed. Proceedwith the followingsteps:
a. Replace the defective engine-drivenhydraulic pump and prime it in accordance with Paragraph
6-165. Do not connect the pump to the rest of the hydraulic system until the system has been flushed.
b. Proceedto flush the system in accordancewith Paragraph6-4.
c. Remove the filter elements and check for metal particles. If metal particles are evident in the
filter, clean the filter bowl with dry cleaning solvent and dry with compressed air. Install new filter
elementsin accordance with Paragraph6-156.
6-160. REMOVALOF HYDRAULICPUMP.
a. Removeupper and lower engine cowls, as required, by releasingskin fasteners and separating the
two halves.
b. Place a drip pan under the engine to catch spillage.
c. Disconnect the two hydraulic hoses from the end of the pump and cap them to prevent
contamination.
d. Disconnectthe drain hose from the bottom of the pump.
e. Removethe four nuts, lockwashers,and flat washersfrom the base of the pump.
f. Removethe pump from the enginehousing.
g. Upon removal of the pump from its drive gear, removeand destroy or discard the gasket from the
pump mounting face. The gasket and all seal rings should be replaced with new parts upon reassembly.
Never reinstallan old gasketor seal ring.
2D9
6-161. DISASSEMBLYOF HYDRAULICPUMP. (Refer to Figure 6-28.)

a. Clean outside of pump thoroughly.
b. Mark a line from the rear side, across the centerplate to the drive side with blue Dykem or some
equivalent removablesubstance. This will assureproper reassembly.
CAUTION
During disassembly do not use a screwdriver or sharp tool to

separate the parts.
c. Remove the four socket head cap screws(12), securing the rear side (13), centerplate (10) and
d. Remove the four locknuts (8) from the studs (14) extending out of the drive side flange that
mates with the centerplate.
e. Remove the rear side by rocking it from side to side and slidingit from the four dowels (11). In
case of sticking, tap gently with a plastic or rubber hammer.
f. Remove the four studs (14) from the rear side. Remove and discard the large "O" ring seal(15)
from the rear side. Pull the drive (1) and secondary shafts (17) until drive pins (16 and 2) clear gears.
Remove drive pins.
g. Remove drive gear (19), secondary gear (18), and secondary shaft (17) by pulling from
centerplate (10).
h. Remove drive shaft by pushing out of driveside. Remove centerplate, with dowels, by rockingit
from side to side.
i. Removelarge "O" ring seal (9) from driveside and discard.
j. Remove retainer ring (3) securingseal (4 or 5) in drive side sealbore. Note proper position of seal
(4 or 5) upon disassembly.Seal must not be reversedat reassembly.Removeand discard the two part seal.
513
4 FILTER
5. SPRING
S. BOWL
Figure 6-27. HydraulicFilter
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
6. GASKET
7. DRIVE SIDE ASSEMBLY
8. LOCKNUT
9. O-RING
10. CENTER PLATE ASSEMBLY
11. DOWEL (4)
12. SCREW, SQC. HD. CAP.
13. REAR SIDE ASSEMBLY
14. STUD
15. O-RING
16. DRIVE PIN
17. SECONDARY SHAFT
18. SECONDARY GEAR
8 19. DRIVE GEAR
A
Figure 6-28. HydraulicPump
Reissued: 2/6/81 Reissued:10/15/76

2D11
TABLEVI-III. INSPECTIONAND REPAIR,HYDRAULICPUMP
ITEM INSPECTION REPAIR

(Refer to figure 6-28.)
Rear Side (13) Visuallyinspect Lap the surface

the lapped face to remove any
for scratches or scratches.
signsof scorng.
Centerplate (10) Visuallyinspect Lightly stone any

the two lapped burrsaround the
faces for scratches gear pockets. Lap
or scoring. In- the faces, but do
spect the gear not remove more
pockets for deep than 0.0001" total
scratches. of metal from both
sides.
Drive Side (7) Visuallyinspect Lap the surfaceto

the lapped surface remove any scratches.
for scratchesor If deep scratches
signsof scoring. are present replace
part.
Secondary Inspect the shaft If deep scratches

Shaft (17) for deep scratches are present, re-
in the bearing place secondary
area. shaft.
Gears (18) and (19) Visuallyinspect If gears are not

gears for evidence within tolerance
of chipped teeth or if there are
or cracks around any cracked teeth,
the bore. Measure replace the pump.
the gear O.D.,
which should be
1.1646"/1.1644"
Bearings Visuallyinspect If badly scored,

the bearingbores replace pump.
for scratches
and/or scoring.
NOTE
The Parts Catalog should be used to obtain repair kits to service

this pump.

2 D12
6-162. CLEANING,INSPECTION,REPAIROF HYDRAULICPUMP.

a. Immerse and wash all metallic parts in trichlorethylene (Military Specification MIL-T-7003)or
some equivalent commercial cleaning solvent. Clean all openings and passageswith a fine fiber brush, or
equivalent, dipped in solvent. Do not scrub any surfacewith a tool that willscratch surface.
WARNING
Wear goggles,rubber glovesand provideadequate ventilation when
using trichlorethylene or cleaning solvents. Repeated contact of
solvent with skin may produce irritation. If vapors are inhaled,
serious damagemay result.
b. Dry all parts thoroughly with a clean, lint-freecloth or with dry, filtered compressedair at 20 psi
maximum. Blowout all parts, bores, and passageswith compressedair.
c. Under strong light and preferrably under magnification, inspect all parts for scoring, nicks,
scratches, pitting, corrosion, cracks and excessive wear. Inspect all threaded surfaces for chipping and
crossed or stripped threads. Inspect parts for conformance to information given in Table VI-III. The table
gives the items which should be inspected and the correctiveaction necessarywhen the pump parts do not
pass this inspection.
NOTE
Although the pump may still operate under conditions where
some of the parts exceed the wear limits, it willprobably be found
that the pump is not producing its rated capacity and therefore,
the system may not be doing an adequate job. Therefore, it is
necessary to repair or replace any parts that are not within the
stated limits.
6-163. ASSEMBLYOF HYDRAULICPUMP. (Refer to Figure 6-28.) The seal and seal rings should be
soaked in the hydraulic (MIL-H-5606)fluid for two hours minimumtime before installation.
a. Replace drive shaft seal (4 or 5) into drive side seal bore. Be sure to install drive shaft seal, "back
to back," as noted during disassembly.
b. Replaceretainer ring (3) into driveside seal bore.
c. Install new "O" ring seal (9) on driveside.
d. Matecenterplate assembly(10) with driveside assembly(7) and aligndowel pins.
e. Install drive shaft (1) from engineside of driveside assembly.
f. Install secondary shaft (17) into centerplate. Install drive and secondary gears (19 and 18) onto
drive and secondary shafts (1 and 17). Be sure the drivepin counter bore on the drivegear faces the pump
rear side. Install drive pins.
g. Install the four studs (14) and new "O" ring seal (15) on the rear side assembly(13).
h. Lightlyoil gear teeth with hydraulic fluid before completingassembly.
i. Mate the rear side assembly(13) with the centerplate (10), using caution to align the drive and
secondaryshafts with the respectiveholes in the rear side assembly.
j. Replace the four locknuts (8) on the studs (14) extending out of the drive side flangethat mates
with the centerplate.
2D13
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
k. Replace the four socket head cap screws(12) that secure the rear side, centerplate and drive side
assembliestogether. Torque the socket head cap screwsand locknut to 60 inch-pounds.
1. When the pump is assembled, turn drive shaft by hand to make sure the pump turns freely. If
there is any sticking or binding at all, disassemblepump and determine the trouble. Do not apply power to
the pump until it turns freely by hand.
NOTE
If possible run pump at rated speed whilegradually increasingthe

pressure up to rated pressureby the end of a thirty minute period.
6-164.INSTALLA-TION-OF-HYDRAULIC-PUMP.
a. Placea new gasket on the base of the housing.
b. Lubricate the pump shaft splineswith MolybdenumDisulfide,Type"G," paste form lubricant.
c. Install the pump on the housing.
NOTE
When installing the pump, keep the drain fitting facing to the
lower right in the downwardposition.
d. Line up the shaft splines with the gearinside the engine housing.
e. Install flat washers,lock washers,and nuts on the base of the pump and tighten.
f. Install the two hydraulic hoses and prime the pump before completing the hookup to the firewall
fittings in accordancewith Paragraph6-165.
g. Check to be sure that the system reservoircontains the required amount of clean hydraulic fluid.
h. Changesystem fluid filters, in accordancewith Paragraph6-156.
6-165. PRIMINGHYDRAULICPUMP. The followinginstructions for priming the hydraulic pump assures
that the pump willnot be operated in a dry condition and shallbe followedwhenevera pump is servicedor
replaced.
a. Remove the hydraulic suction and pressurelines from the firewallfittings.
b. Install caps on suction and pressure fitting at the firewallto prevent the loss of fluid prior to the
hookup of the hydraulic lines.
c. Holding both lines at a level higher than the pump, pour hydraulic fluid, MIL-H-5606,into the
lines.
d. Remove one cap at a time from the firewall fittings and connect the appropriate line to the
fitting, trying not to spill any of the hydraulicfluid previouslyput into the lines.
e. After the engine has been operated, check the hookup for leaks.
6-166. HYDRAULICSYSTEM FAILURE. The emergency use of the hand pump to extend the gears
indicates the engine driven pumps were operating without sufficient fluid. This condition causesadditional
wear on the engine driven pumps. Therefore, the filter elements must be removed and check even if pump
failure is not apparent and/or the primary causeof the problem.
a. Removethe filter elementsand check for metal particles.
b. If no metal particles are evident proceed with the following:
1. Replace filter element per Paragraph6-156.
2. Replenishfluid as noted in Section II.
c. If metal particles are evident in either filter proceed with the following:
2D14
1. Inspect, replace or repair both hydraulic pumps. (Refer to Paragraphs6-160 to 6-164.)
2. Prime pumps in accordance with Paragraph6-165. Do not connect the pumps to the rest of
the hydraulic system until the system has been flushed.
3. Proceed to flush the system in accordance with Paragraph6-4.
6-167. HIGH ALTITUDE GEAR OPERATION. Should it be necessary to operate the landing gear at
altitudes above 15,000 feet, the landinggearselector may return to its neutral position before the gear door
closing cycle is complete. If this occurs, manual override of the time delay cycle must be used to close the
gear doors.
During gear extension, if the selector returns to neutral at the same time the gears are locked down,
and before the gear doors have had time to close, again select the gear down position and hold the handle
down for an additional 3 to 4 seconds.This allowscompletion of the door closingcycle.
During gear retraction, if the selector returns to neutral and the gear unsafe light remains lit, again
select the gear up position and hold the handle up for 4 seconds after the gearunsafe light extinguishes.Be
sure that the light has extinguishedbefore exceedingthe maximumgear extended speed.
Selector lever Connect lever.
disconnected.
Selector lever Adjust lever.

out of adjust-
ment.
I Selector leverjammed.
(Note: Selector
Adjust lever.
lever cannot be
movedto gear
up while left
main gear strut
is compressed
or with elec-
trical power
off.)
Hydraulic fluid Refer to paragraph6-166.
reservoirbelow Then fill the power pack
operating level. with hydraulic fluid.
Leak or obstruc- Refer to paragraph 6-166.

tion in hydraulic Then check the system
lines. with hydraulic test unit
or hand pump.
Internal leakagein Checksystem operation

main relief valve. per paragraph 6-13.
Internal leakage Check system opera-

in hand pump tion per paragraph
relief valve. 6-14.
Gear operates Low fluid level. Refer to paragraph 6-166.

abnormally slow Then fill power pack with
or partially. hydraulic fluid.
Leakingor Refer to paragraph6-166.
kinked line. Then replaceline.
Internal leak Repair or replace
in cylinder. cylinder.
2D16
TABLEVI-IV. TROUBLESHOOTING,
HYDRAULICSYSTEM(cont.)
Gear operates Priority valve Check valveopera-
abnormallyslow out of adjustment tion per paragraph
or partially. or leaking. 6-12.
(cont.)
Slow leak in Checksystem opera-
main relief tion per paragraph
valve.(Engine 6-13.
pump.)
Slowleak in Check system opera-
hand pump tion per paragraph
relief valve. 6-14.
External leakage Refer to paragraph6-166.

at selector Then replace damaged
valve. "O" rings.
One enginepump Refer to paragraph6-159
inoperative. before replacingpump.
Selector handle Cable, line or ob- Check and remove
returns to neu- struction restricting obstruction.
tral before cycle the travel required
is complete. to fully select gear
up or down.
Selector lever out Adjust control.
of adjustment.
If gearcompletes Check voltage.
cycle (red light out)
but doors do not
close, battery output
may be low.
Time delayvalveand/ Checkoperation per
or piston releaselock paragraphs6-10 and
out of adjustment. 6-11.
Time delayvalveair Bleed air out by
locked. holding selector down
for 30 seconds, then
make three or four
rapid movements to
neutral and back to
down.
2D17
TABLEVI-IV. TROUBLESHOOTING,HYDRAULICSYSTEM(cont.)
Gear retracts or Priority valve Checkvalve

extends before leaksin power pack. cracking pressure.
doors open.
Solenoidvalve Turn off power
stuck in closed and hand pump
position. doors open. (Note:
With power off
solenoidvalve
shuttles to door
open and the door
may be opened with-
out selectinggear
up or down.)
Micro switch on Check for loose wire

power pack out of or mounting, or bent
adjustment. bracket.
Doors come open Improper rigging of Check for proper

in flight. door actuator. rigging.
NOTE Malfunction of actuator Check actuator operation.

Refer to Landing lock mechanism.
Gear Troubleshooting
Chart, Table VII-III.
Doors fail to Faulty limit Check all indicator

close. switch. lights.
Low electric Check battery.

power supply.
Cannon plug on Tighten.

power pack loose.
Solenoidvalve Check wiringto
stuck in door solenoid valve.
open position.
Circuit breaker Check breaker.
out. (Note: without elec-
tric power, the gear
doors will open but
not close.)

2D18
SECTION
VII
LANDING
GEARANDBRAKE
SYSTEM
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
7-1. Introduction ............ ......... ....................................................... 2D22

7-2. Description and Principle of Operation ......................................................... 2D22
7-3. Troubleshooting ................................................. ............................... 2D23
7-4. Landing Gear System ............................ ............................................ 2D23
7-5. Nose Landing Gear System ...................................................................... 2D23
7-6. Disassembly of Nose Gear Oleo .................................................... 2D23
7-7. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Nose Gear Oleo............................... 2D24
7-8. Assembly of Nose Gear Oleo ..................................................... 2D24
7-8a. Installation of T-Rings ................................ .................... 2E3
7-9. Removal of Nose Landing Gear (Without Emergency Blowdown System) ..... 2E3
7-10. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Nose Landing Gear .......................... 2E5
7-11. Installation of Nose Landing Gear (Without Emergency Blowdown System)... 2E8
7-12. Removal of Nose Landing Gear (With Emergency Blowdown System) ......... 2E9
7-13. Installation of Nose Landing Gear (With Emergency Blowdown System) ...... 2E10
7-14. Adjustment of Nose Landing Gear and Emergency Gear Extension System .... 2E12
7-15. Alignment of Nose Landing Gear ................................................... 2E16
7-16. Removal of Nose Gear Door Assembly ............................................ 2E17
7-17. Cleaning,Inspectionand Repairof Nose Gear Door Assembly.................. 2E17
7-18. Installation of Nose Gear Door Assembly .......................................... 2E17
7-19. Adjustment of Nose Gear Door ...................................................... 2E17
7-20. Removal of Nose Gear Steering Mechanism ....................................... 2E18
7-21. Removal and Installation of Steering Push-Pull Tube .............................. 2E18
7-22. Installation of Nose Gear Steering Mechanism ..................................... 2E20
7-23. Main Landing Gear System ...................................................................... 2E20
7-24. Disassembly of Main Gear Oleo .................................................... 2E20
7-25. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Main Gear Oleo ............................... 2E21
7-26. Assembly of Main Gear Oleo ........................................................ 2E21
7-27. Removal of Main Landing Gear ..................................................... 2F2
7-28. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of the Main Landing Gear ...................... 2F2
7-29. Installation of Main Landing Gear .................................................. 2F3
7-30. Rigging and Adjustment of Main Landing Gear and Emergency
Gear Extension System ............................................................ 2F4
7-31. Alignment of Main Landing Gear ......... .. ......... ................ 2F7
7-32. Removal of Main Gear Door Assembly ......................................... 2F8
7-33. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Main Gear Door Assembly .................. 2F8
7-33a. Inboard Door Hinge Inspection ..................................................... 2F9
7-34. Installation of Main Gear Door Assembly ...................................... 2F9
7-35. Adjustment of Main Landing Gear Doors ................ ................. .... 2F9
7-36. Replacement of Wiper Strip on Landing Gear Struts .............................. 2F10
Interim Revision:10/15/97 2D19

Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
7-36a. EmergencyExtension System....................................... 2F10

7-36b. Removal of Gas Storage Bottles .................................... 2F10
7-36c. Testing and Inspection of Gas Storage Bottle ......................... 2F1O
7-36d. Testing Emergency Gear System for Operation and Leaks.............. 2F10
7-36e. Installation of Gas Storage Bottle ................................... 2F I
7-36f. Removing Pressure From Lines After Activation of System ............ 2F11
7-37. Landing Gear Light Switches ..................................... 2F16
7-38. Adjustment of Nose Gear Up Light Switch .. . ................. 2F16
7-39. Adjustment of Nose Gear Down Light Switch ....................... 2F16
7-40. Adjustment of Main Gear Up Light Switch . ................ 2F16
7-41. Adjustment of Main Gear Down Light Switch ... .............. 2F17
7-42. Adjustment of Main Inboard Gear Door Ajar Switches ............ 2F17
7-43. Adjustment of Landing Gear Safety Switch . ................ 2F18
-7-44. AdjustmentofLanding Gear Propeller ReverseSwitch ............. 2F18
7-45. Landing Gear Warning Syste ................................ 2F19
7-46. Removal of Gear Warning Switches ................................. 2F19
7-47. Installation of Gear Warning Switches............................... 2F19
7-48. Adjustment of Gear Warning Switches............................... 2F20
7-49. Wheels .. ............................................................... 2F21
7-50. Removal and Disassemblyof Nose Wheel (B.F. Goodrich) . .......... 2F21
7-51. Inspection of Nose Wheel Assembly(B.F. Goodrich) . ................. 2F21
7-52. Repair and Replacement of Nose Wheel Assembly (B.F. Goodrich) ...... 2F21
7-53. Assembly and Installation of Nose Wheel (B.F. Goodrich) . .......... 2F23
7-54. Removal and Disassemblyof Main Wheel (Goodyear 9544171-1)........ 2F23
7-55. Cleaning and Inspection of Main Wheel Assembly
(Goodyear 9544171-1)........................................... 2GI
7-56. Repair of Main Wheel Assembly(Goodyear 9544171-1) ................ 2G2
7-57. Assemblyand Installation of Main Wheel (Goodyear 9544171-1)........ 2G4
7-58. Removal and Disassemblyof Main Wheel (Cleveland 40-106/
40-106A)................... ................. ................ 2G6
7-59. Inspection and Repair of Main Wheel Assembly
(Cleveland 40-106/40-106A)..................................... 2G6
7-60. Assemblyand Installation of Main Wheel (Cleveland 40-106/
40-106A)...................................................... 2G7
7-61. Removal and Disassemblyof Main Wheel (B.F. Goodrich 3-1392
and 3-1424) .................................................... 2G8
7-62. Cleaning and Inspection of Main Wheel Assembly
(B.F. Goodrich 3-1392and 3-1424)................................ 2G10
7-63. Repair of Main Wheel Assembly(B.F. Goodrich 3-1392and 3-1424) .... 2G1
7-64. Assemblyand Installation of Main Wheel (B.F. Goodrich 3-1392
and 3-1424).................................................... 2G14
7-65. Brake System (Goodyear 5002376)......................................... 2G15
7-66. Description ............................................ 2G15
7-67. Brake WearCheck (Goodyear 5002376)............................... 2G16
7-68. Removal and Disassemblyof Brake System (Goodyear 5002376)........ 2G16
7-69. Cleaning and Inspection of Brake Assembly(Goodyear 5002376)........ 2G16
7-70. Repair of Brake Assembly(Goodyear 5002376)....................... 2G18
7-71. Assemblyand Installation of Brake Assembly(Goodyear 5002376)...... 2G23
7-72. Brake System (Cleveland30-106) ................................... ... .. 2H5
7-73. Wheel Brake Assembly(Cleveland3-106) ............................ 2H5
7-74. Brake Adjustment and Lining Tolerances (Cleveland30-106) .......... 2H5
7-75. Removal and Disassemblyof Wheel Brake Assembly
(Cleveland 30-106) .............................................. 2H5

2D20
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
7-76. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Wheel Brake Assembly
(Cleveland30-106) .. ............... ..... 2H6
7-77. Assemblyand Installation of Wheel Brake Assembly
(Cleveland 30-106).............................................. 2H7
7-78. Brake System (B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2) ....................................... 2H9
7-79. Wheel Brake Assembly(B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2)...................... 2H9
7-80. Removal and Disassemblyof Wheel Brake Assembly
(B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2) ........................................ 2H9
7-81. Cleaning and Inspection of Brake Assembly
(B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2) ........................................ 2H 14
7-82. Repair of Brake Assembly(B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2)................... 2H15
7-83. Assemblyand Installation of Brake Assembly
(B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2) ........................................ 2H16
7-84. Brake Master Cylinder ............................... ...................... 2H18
7-85. Removal of Brake Master Cylinder ................ ...... ...... . 2H18
7-86. Disassemblyof Brake Master Cylinder .............................. 2H18
7-87. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Brake Master Cylinder ............. 2H18
7-88. Assemblyof Brake Master Cylinder ................................. 2H18
7-89. Installation of Brake Master Cylinder ............................... 2H18
7-90. Parking Brake Valve ....................................................... 2H18
7-91. Removal of Parking Brake Valve .................................. . 2H18
7-92. Disassembly of Parking Brake Valve ................................ 2H19
7-93. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Parking Brake Valve............... 2H19
7-94. Assembly of Parking Brake Valve................................... 2H19
7-95. Installation of Parking Brake Valve ................................ 2H19
7-96. Bleeding Procedure ........................................................ 2H19
Revised: 4/25/83
2D21
SECTION VII
LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM
7-1. INTRODUCTION. This section provides instructions for remedying difficulties which may arise in the
operation of the landing gear and brake systems. The instructions are organized so that the mechanic can refer
to Description and Principle of Operation for a basic understanding of the systems: Troubleshooting for a
methodical approach in locating the difficulty; Corrective Maintenance for the removal, repair and installa-
-tion ofcomponents: and Adjustment and Test for the operation of the repaired systems.
7-2 DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. The tricycle landing gear system incorporates
air-oil oleo type struts that are hydraulically operated and fully retractable with the nose gear retracting aft
into the nose section and the main gear retracting inboard into the wing. Doors completely cover the gear when
retracted. The nose and outboard main gear doors operate by mechanical linkage and remain open when the
gear is extended. The main gear inboard doors operate hydraulically, are controlled by the limit switches
opening during gear extension and closing again when the gear has fully extended. To prevent the gear from
retracting while the airplane is on the ground, an anti-retraction safety switch located on the left gear upper
torque link will not allow the gear actuator lever to move to the gear up position until weight is off the landing
gear allowing the strut to extend to within three quarters of an inch of full extension.
The nose gear is steerable through a 28 degree arc by the use of the rudder pedals and an 80 degree arc by
the use of differential engine power and brakes. As the gear retracts. the steering linkage is separated and the
gear is centered, so that the rudder pedal action with the gear retracted is not impeded by the nose gear
operation.
Located on the instrument panel, to the right of the gearselector control, are one red and three green indi-
cator lights. The red light will indicate when the gear is not locked in either the up or down position, and also
show when the gear doors are open in flight, but not opened on the ground. The green lights will show when
each individual gear is down and locked. There is no indication light when the gear is up and locked. The red
light will also show when the inboard gear doors are not completely closed. A warning horn in the cockpit will
sound whenever power from one or both engines is reduced below 150 foot-pounds of engine torque when the
gear is not in the down locked position. This horn will also sound whenever the landing gear selector handle is
in the gear up position while the airplane is on the ground and the master switch is on. If the gear selector
handle can be moved to the up position with the airplane on the ground, it is an indication of an improperly
adjusted selector mechanism or defective anti-retraction safety switch or selector mechanism. The emergency
extension button is also mounted on the pilot's side of the instrument panel just below the oxygen pressure
gauge and to the right of the alternate static source selector.
Two means of emergency extension are available. The emergency blowdown system and the hand pump
located in the cockpit between the pilot seats, under the floor access panel. The emergency blowdown system
is activated by pulling the control ring located between the pilot seats. The remaining gear(s) is (are) extended
and locked in place. Besides the emergency blowdown system the gear can also be pumped down. A hand
pump under a floor access panel between the pilot seats can be used to extend the gear should the hydraulic
pump system fail.
NOTE
If a problem does develop however, and time permits, it is suggested

that the hand pump be tried first, because once the emergency
extension system is activated. the affected mechanism and hydraulic
system must be purged and serviced.
Revised: 4/25/83 2D22 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2D22
The brakes are hydraulicallyactuated by individualmaster cylindersmounted on the left (optional on

right) set of rudder pedals. A reservoir,accessiblethrough the access door on the upper right portion of the
nose section, supplies fluid to each master cylinder. From these cylinders, hydraulic fluid is routed through
lines and hoses to a parking brake valve locatedon the left aft side of the forwardcabin bulkhead, through the
cabin and wings,to the brake assemblieson each main landinggear. To operate the brakes, apply toe pressure
against the top of the rudder pedal. The parking brake may be actuated by applying toe pressure and at the
same time pullingout on the brake handle. To relieveparking brake pressure,apply toe pressureon the pedals
and at the same time push in on the parking brake handle.
Servicingof the hydraulic and brake system is found in Section II.
7-3. TROUBLESHOOTING. Mechanicaland electricalswitch troubles peculiar to the landing gear system
are listed in Table VII-V at the back of this section. When troubleshooting, first eliminate hydraulic mal-
functions as listedin Section VI. Then proceed to switch malfunctionsand last to the mechanicaloperation
of the gear itself,both of whichare listed in this section. Alwaysplace the airplane on jacks beforeattempting
any troubleshooting of the gear.
7-4. LANDING GEAR SYSTEM.
7-5. NOSE LANDING GEAR SYSTEM.
7-6. DISASSEMBLY OF NOSE GEAR OLEO. (Referto Figure 7-1.) The nosegearoleoassembly maybe
removedand disassembledfrom thegear oleo housingwith the gear removedfrom or installedon thea irplane.
b. Place a drip pan under the nose gear to catch spillage.
c. Removeair and fluid from the oleo. (Refer to Oleo Struts. Section II.)
d. To removethe completecylinder and fork assemblyfrom the oleo housing(35). cut the safety wire
(44)and removethe cap bolts (37)that attach thesteering arm (42)and aligner guidebracket (40)to the top of
the oleo cylinder (12).
e. Disconnect the shimmy dampener (27) by removing the bolt assembly (28) that connects the
dampener to the cylinder.
f. Releaseand remove the retainer ring (10) at the top of the housing (35) and pull the complete
cylinderassemblyfrom the bottom of the housing.The upper and lower housing bushings(I I and 13)should
remain pressed in the housing.
g. To removethe piston tube (26)assemblyfrom the cylinder (12).separate upper and lower torque
links (25and 22)by removing the connectingbolt (24)with washer, nut and cotter pin. Notethe spacer washer
(23) between the two links.
h. Compressthe piston tube (26).and reach up along the tube and releasethe retainerring (9) from the
annular slot at the bottom of the oleo housing.
i. Pull the piston tube (26) with component parts from the cylinder.
NOTE
Prior to disassemblingthe upper bearing (2) with retainingpins (1)
from the piston tube (26) place a reference mark with a grease
pencil from the upper bearing to the piston tube. This will insure
proper indexing of parts upon reassembly.
j. The piston tube components may be removed by reaching in the tube and pushing out the upper
bearing (2) and retaining pins (1). Slide off the tube, the upper bearing (2). spacer (3). lower bearing (5) with
outer and inner O-rings (4 and 6). wiper strip (7). washer (8) and retainer ring (9).

2D 23
k. To remove the orifice tube (15), remove the large bolt (38) of the orifice tube from the top of the
cylinder. Pull the tube from the cylinder (12).
l. The orifice plate ( 16)is removedfrom the bottom of the orifice tube by releasingthe retainer ring
(17) that holds the plate in position.
NOTE
Do not remove the piston tube plug (48), O-ring (47), from the
piston tube (26), or the piston tube from the fork (19).
7-7. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF NOSE GEAR OLEO.

a. Clean all parts with a suitable dry type cleaning solvent.
b. Inspect the landing gear oleo assembly component for the following:
1. Bearingsand bushings for excess wear, corrosion, scratches and overall damage.
2. Retaining pins for wear and damage.
3. Lock rings for cracks, burrs, etc.
4. Cylinder and orifice tube for corrosion, scratches, nicks and excess wear.
5. Orifice plate for hole restriction.
6. Fork tube for corrosion, scratches, nicks, dents and misalignment.
7. Air valve general condition.
c. Repair of the oleo is limitedto smoothing out minor scratches, nicks and dents and replacement
of parts.
d. Individual replacementof wiper strips may be achieved per Paragraph 7-36.
7-8. ASSEMBLY OF NOSEGEAR OLEO. (Refer to Figure 7-1.)
a. Ascertain that parts are clean and inspected.
b. To assemble the orifice tube (15), insert the orifice plate (16) into the bottom of the tube, with
the countersunk side of the orifice hole exposed. Securethe plate with the retainer ring (17). Lubricate and
install the O-ring (14) on the upper end of the tube.
c. Insert the tube up through the bottom of the cylinder (12). With the tube exposed through the top
of the cylinder, install the piston ring (45). Install the bolt (38)fingertight at this time at the top of thecylinder.
d. The fork tube assembly may be assembledby installing the tube components on the tube (26). In
order, slide onto tube; retainer ring (9), washer (8), lower bearing (5) with outer and inner O-rings (4 and
6). spacer (3)and upper bearing (2). Align referencemarks on upper bearing and piston tube to insure proper
indexing of lock pin holes of the upper bearing and piston tube and install pins (1).
NOTE
Refer to Parts Catalog for correct part number when replacing

O-rings (4 and 6) and wiper strip (7). Also,if T-rings are to be in-
stalled refer to Installation of T-Rings found in this section.

2D24
1207
1. PIN, RETAINER
2. BEARING, UPPER
3. SPACER
4. "0" RING, OUTER PACKING
5. BEARING, LOWER
6. "O" RING, INNER PACKING
7. WIPER STRIP
8. WASHER
9. RING, RETAINER
10. RING, RETAINER
11. BUSHING, HOUSING TOP
12. CYLINDER, OLEO
13. BUSHING, HOUSING BOTTOM
14. "O" RING PACKING
15. TUBE. ORIFICE
16. PLATE. ORIFICE \
17. RING, RETAINER
18. GREASE FITTING
19. FORK
20. BOLT ASSEMBLY
21. BOLT ASSEMBLY.
22. TORQUE LINK. LOWER
23. WASHER, SPACER
24. BOLT ASSEMBLY
25. TORQUE LINK, UPPER 33
26. TUBE, PISTON
27. SHIMMY DAMPENER
28. BOLT ASSEMBLY
29. BOLT ASSEMBLY
30. BOLTS AND SAFETY WIRE
31. BRACKET
32. BUSHING
33. STUD, DOOR UPLOCK
34 PLACARD, SERVICE
35 HOUSING, OLEO
36. BUSHING
37. BOLT, CAP
38. BOLT
39. PLUG, FILLER
40. ALIGNER GUIDE BRACKET
41. VALVE, AIR
42. ARM, STEERING
43. PIN, COTTER 21
44 SAFETY WIRE
45. PISTON RING
46. BUSHING, STEERING
47. "O" RING, PACKING
48. PLUG, PISTON TUBE
49. DELETED
50. BUSHING 43
Figure 7-1. Nose Gear Oleo Strut Assembly
Reissued: 2/6/81 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2E1
45
16
17
3
Figure 7-1. Nose Gear Oleo Strut Assembly (cont)
Reissued: 2/6/81 LANDINGGEAR ANDBRAKESYSTEM

2E2
e. Lubricate the inner wall of the cylinder. Carefully, insert the piston tube assembly into the
bottom of the cylinder (12), allowing the orifice tube to guide itself into the piston tube, until the retainer
ring (9) can be installed in the annular slot at the end of the cylinder. Install the wiper strip (7) and slide
the washer (8) into position, and securethe assemblywith the retainer ring.
f. At the top of the cylinder (12), tighten the orifice tube bolt (38).
g. Install the upper and lower torque links (22 and 25).
h. Ascertain that the upper and lower oleo housing bushings (11 and 13) are installed. Install the
cylinder into the oleo housingand secure with the retainer ring (10).
i. At the top of the oleo housing,install on the cylinder the alignerguide bracket (40) and steering
arm (42). Tighten cap bolts (37) 30-35 inch-pounds and safety with MS-20995C40wire (44).
j. Install the shimmy dampener (27).
k. Lubricate the gear assembly.(Refer to LubricationChart, Section II.)
l. Servicethe oleo strut with fluid and air. (Refer to Oleo Struts, Section II.)
m. Check the nose gear for alignment(refer to Paragraph7-15)and operation.
7-8a. INSTALLATION OF T-RINGS. (Refer to Figure 7-1a.)
a. Place synthetic sealing ring into groove. Insure that seal is not twisted and that it lies flat in the
groove. (Refer to Sketches A and B).
b. Orient each non-extrusion ring so that the radiused corner (if there is one) willbe mated to the seal
when installed. (Refer to Sketch E).
c. Insert one end of the non-extrusion ring (formed by the scarf cut) into the space between the side
of the groove and the side of the seal. (Refer to Sketch E).
d. Work the entire circumference into this space, insuring that the scarf cut of the non-extrusion
ring is properly mated. (Refer to Sketch F).
e. Repeat steps c. and d. for the second non-extrusion ring.
f. Spread a few drops of system hydraulic oil evenly around the sealing edge of the packing.
7-9. REMOVALOF NOSE LANDINGGEAR. (Without EmergencyBlowdownSystem)(Refer to Figure 7-2.)
a. Removeright and left nose section side accesspanels.
b. Removelower radios and radio shelf.
c. Removethe oxygen cylinder. (Refer to Section XIV.)
d. Removethe heater assembly.(Refer to Section XIII.)
e. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking,Section II.)
f. With the hand pump, retract the nose gear slightly to relieve the gear from its downlocked
position.
g. To removethe drag link assembly,the followingprocedure may be used:
1. Disconnectthe gear retraction rod (36) from the upper right drag link (39).
2. Disconnectthe lower drag link (41) from the gear oleo housing(44).
3. The upper and lower link assembliesmay be removed as one unit by removingthe upper
drag links (37 and 39) attachment bolts at their attachment plates.
h. With the lower drag link (41) disconnected from the gear housing (44), the gear may be removed
by removing the attachment bolt assembliesat the attachment plates (38) on each side of the gear housing.
Note, if any, the number and location of spacer washersbetween the gear housing and attachment plates.
i. The idler link (24) may be removed after the gear operating rod has been disconnected, by the
followingprocedure:
1. Remove the downlock spring (22) and the eye bolt (51) which is attached to the idler link.
2. Disconnect the gear actuating cylinder (25) rod from the link.
3. Remove the link pivot bolt (19) by sliding the bolt out of the link, allowing the head to
enter the hole in the side of the limit switch bracket. With the head through the bracket hole, the threaded
end of the bolt can continue out of the link.
4. Remove the idler link (24).
Revised: 9/23/81 LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM

2E3
INSTALLATION OF SEALING INSTALLATION OF SEALING

RING IN ROD END RING ON PISTON
SKETCH A SKETCH B
INSTALLATIONOF NON-EXTRUSION INSTALLATION OF NON-EXTRUSION

RINGS IN ROD END RINGS ON PISTON
SKETCH C SKETCH D
CROSS SECTION OF INSTALLED PROPERMATING OF SCARF

T-RING ASSEMBLY CUT ON NON-EXTRUSIONRINGS
SKETCH E SKETCH F
Figure 7-1a. Installation of T-Rings
Added: 9/23/81 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2E4
j. The uplock rod or cable (18) may be removed by removing the bolt assembly (20) from the actuating
cylinder support bolt and sliding the rod off the bolt. Retain the bolt in place to support the cylinder.
k. The uplock hook (10) may be removed after the removal of the uplock rod (18) and the hook pivot
bolt. Remove the hook with the uplock spring (11).
NOTE
The idler link (24), uplock rod (18) and uplock hook may also be
removed with the support tube (17) as one unit.
l. To remove the support tube (17), first remove the up limit switch (15) and wire support clamps.
Hold the support nuts within the nose section with a wrench, while removing the bolts. Then remove the
support tube.
m. The gear housing (44) attachment plates may be removed by grinding the rivet heads flush with the
plate and removing the rivets.
n. The upper drag links (37 and 39) and attachment plates (38) may be removed by holding the
attachment nuts within the nose section with a wrench, while removing the support bolts.
7-10. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF NOSE LANDING GEAR.

a. Clean all parts with a suitable cleaning solvent.
b. Inspect bolts, bearings, bushings and ball joints for excessive wear, corrosion and damage.
c. Inspect the gear housing, drag links, idler links, rods and attachment plates for cracks, bends or
misalignment.
d. Inspect the downlock spring for the following:
1. Check for excess wear or corrosion, especially around the lock portion of the spring. The
spring must return to complete compression. A spring should be rejected if wear or corrosion exceeds
one-quarter the diameter of the spring. Clean away all corrosion and repaint the springs.
2. Check the right and left gear door actuator springs for load tensions below the minimum
allowable tolerances. The minimum tension for the actuator springs is 10 pounds at 3 inch extension. If one
spring is rejected, replace both springs.
3. Check the downlock spring at the idler link for load tension. The minimum tension is 20.5
pounds at 7.312 inches extension and 47 pounds at 11.312 inches extension.
4. Check the uplock spring at the uplock hook for load tension. The minimum tension is 4
pounds. This check is performed by fastening a fish type scale to the hook and spring and pulling steadily
against the hook and spring to get a reading.
e. Inspect the uplock hook for wear and oversized bearing surfaces.
f. Inspect the uplock roller for freedom of movement and minimum wobble.
g. Inspect the uplock rod or cable for corrosion and freedom of movement; also inspect the sliding
surfaces of the uplock rod.
h. Check the general condition of limit switches and wiring for fraying, poor connections or conditions
that may lead to failures.
i. Attach the upper and lower drag links and check that when stop surfaces touch, linkage is 0.063
to 0.156 inch through center. (Refer to Figure 7-2.) Should this distance exceed the required through-center
travel and bolt and bushings are tight, replace one or all drag links.
j. The shimmy dampener requires no service other than routine inspection. In case of damage or
malfunction, the dampener should be replaced rather than repaired.
k. Repair to the landing gear is limited to reconditioning of parts, such as replacing bearings and
bushings, smoothing out minor nicks and scratches, repainting of areas where paint has chipped or peeled
and replacement of parts.
Revised: 1/5/84 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2E5
1209
NOTES
-1. ATTACHSPACERENDOF ID-
LER TO LINK ASSY (BUSH-
ING DOWN WITH GEAR EX-
TENDED (PA-31T2 ONLY )
2 UPLOCK ROD AND DUST
BOOT USED ON ALL MOD-
ELS EXCEPT CHEYENNE 1A
25. CYUNDER.ACTUATOR
26. HINGE. FWD.
27 PLATE, DOOR ACTUATOR
28 DOOR ACTUATOR
29 BRACKET
30 STOP BOLT
31 SWITCH. DOWN LIMIT
32. SPRING, DOOR ACTUATOR
33. ROD END, CYLINDER
34. ROD END, RETRACTIONROD
35. NUT, LOCK
36 RETRACTIONROD
55 BOLT ASSEMBLY
37 DRAG LINK. UPPERLEFT
56 DUST BOOT (SEE NOTE 2)
38. PLATE, ATTACHMENT
39 DRAG LINK. UPPER RIGHT 57 KEY. LOCK
40 ROD, DOOR RETRACTION 58 SWITCH PROPELLER
41 DRAG LINK. LOWER REVERSE
42. STUD. DOOR ACTUATOR 59 RETRACTIONROD
13.ROD END, UPLOCK ROD
43. BOLT ASSEMBLY (PA-31T2 ONLY)
1 DOOR 14 NUT, LOCK
15 SWITCH, UP LIMIT 44 HOUSING, GEAR OLEO 60 IDLER LINK (PA-31T2
2 HINGE. AFT
16 BRACKET, SWITCH 45 SHIMMY DAMPENER ONLY)
3 ROLLER, STEERING
17 TUBE, SUPPORT 46 TORQUE LINK, UPPER 61 ACTUATING CYLINDER
4 ARM, STEERING
18 ROD UPLOCK OR CABLE 47 TORQUE LINK, LOWER EMERGENCY GEAR
5 BUSHING ASSEMBLY
(SEE NOTE 2) 48 FORK ASSEMBLY EXTENSION
6 BELLCRANK ASSEMBLY
19 BOLT ASSEMBLY 49 TIRE 62 ROD UNLOCK OR CABLE
7 ROD END. STEERING
20 BOLT ASSEMBLY 50 WHEEL (SEE NOTE 2)
8 NUT, LOCK
9 ROD. STEERING 21 BRACKET 51. BOLT, EYE 63 STOP BOLT
10. HOOK. UPLOCK 22. SPRING, DOWNLOCK 52 STOP. STROKE 64 ROD END
11 SPRING. UPLOCK 23 FITTING, GREASE 53 NUT, LOCK CYLINDER
12 BOLT. UPLOCK 24 LINK. IDLER 54 BEARING. UPLOCK 65 UNLOCK ACTUATOR
Figure 7-2. Nose Landing Gear Installation
Revised: 1/5/84 2E6 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2E6
207 1076
SKETCHC
208
NOTE
'ATTACH SPACERENDOF IDLER
TO LINK ASSY (BUSHING UP
WITH GEAR EXTENDED) (PA-
31T2 ONLY)
SKETCHB SKETCHA
Figure 7-2. Nose Landing Gear Installation (cont.)

7-11. INSTALLATION OF NOSE LANDING GEAR (Without EmergencyBlowdownSystem). (Referto

Figure 7-2.)
NOTE
When assemblingany units of the landing gear, lubricate bearings

and friction surfaces with a proper lubricant as described in
Section II.
a. Position the right and left upper drag link plates (38) and bolt in place.
b. Position the right and left gearhousing attachment plates and rivet them in place.
c. Install the support tube (17) and secure. Connect the up limit switch (15) and secure electrical
wiring to the tube.
NOTE
The uplock hook (10), uplock rod (18), idler link (24) and
retraction rod (36) may be assembled on the support tube as a
unit and then installed on the airplane, or each component may be
installed individuallyafter the support tube has been installed.
d. The uplock hook (10) with uplock spring(11) may be installedas follows:
1. Place the "U" end of the uplock spring (11) over the back of the hook with the loops
toward the back.
2. Spread the springand snap the loops over the bushing that extends through the hook.
3. Hook the ears of the spring over the aft side of the hook bracket and push the hook forward
until the bolt holes in the bracket alignwith the holes in the hook.
4. Bolt the hook in position and ascertainthat it rotates freely with no side play and safety.
e. Install the uplock rod or cable (18) by attaching and securingthe proper end to the uplock hook and
the other end on the gear actuating cylinder support bolt. Lubricate sliding end of rod per lubrication chart.
f. The idler link (24) may be installedby the followingprocedure:
1. Align the bolt hole in the link (24) with the lug holes of the support tube (17) and with the
down limit switch contact boss to the right.
2. Insert the head of the pivot bolt into the hole in the side of the up limit switch bracket far
enough to allow the threaded end of the bolt to be inserted into the tube lug and link. Tighten the nut on
the bolt allowingthe link to turn free with no side play.
3. Attach the retraction rod (36) and actuating cylinder rod end (33) to the link (24). Do not
connect the retraction rod (36) to the link (39) until gear adjustment has been completed.
4. The downlock spring (22) may be attached after gear check and adjustment has been
completed.
g. To install the gear housing assembly, position the gear so that the attachment points on the
housing align with the attachment plates. If needed, install spacerwashersbetween attachments to allow a
minimum amount of side play. Tighten the pivot bolt nuts to a snug fit, allowingthe gear to swingfree, and
safety wire the nuts.
h. The drag links may be installed as follows:
1. Align upper (37 and 39) and lower (41) drag link bolt holes. Install bolt, uplock bearing
(54) and secure.
2. Ascertainthat the linkage through-centertravel is within tolerance.
3. Attach the upper drag links (37 and 39) to the attachment plates, tighten nuts to a snug fit,
Revised: 1/5/84 LANDINGGEAR ANDBRAKESYSTEM

2E8
allowing the links to swing free, and safety wire the nuts.
4. Attach the lower drag link (41) to the landing gear housing (44) and temporarily install bolt.
Secure and safety the bolt after the gear has been adjusted.
5. Manually retract and extend the landing gear several times to ascertain smoothness of
operation.
6. Attach the retraction rod (36) to the upper right drag link (39) and adjust the rod to obtain
approximately .06 of an inch clearance between the lower locknut (35) and link (39).
NOTE
Ascertain that the locknuts (35) are tightened against the retraction
rod (36).
i. Grasp the gear fork (48) and rotate it to determine that there are no gaps existing between the
steering arm travel rollers (3) and steering bellcrank (6) which could cause the nose wheel to shimmy. Install
rollers (P/N 46783-00; 1.500 dia., P/N 46783-02; 1.620 dia., P/N 46783-03; 1.750 dia., P/N 46783-04; 1.375
dia., P/N 46783-05; 1.420 dia., P/N 46783-06; 1.88 dia.) to establish the proper clearance. Adjustment should
be made when there is no load at these points.
j. Lubricate the landing gear assembly. (Refer to Lubrication Chart, Section II.)
k. Check the nose gear for alignment and operation.
7-12. REMOVAL OF NOSE LANDING GEAR. (With Emergency Blowdown System.) (Refer to Figure
7-2.)
a. Remove right and left nose section side access panels.
b. Remove lower radios and radio shelf.
c. Remove ECU assembly. (Refer to Section XIIIA.)
d. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking, Section II.)
e. With the hand pump, retract the nose gear slightly to relieve the gear from its downlocked position.
f. To remove the drag link assembly, the following procedure may be used:
1. Disconnect the gear retraction rods (36 and 59) from the upper right and left drag links (37 and
39).
2. Disconnect the lower drag link (41) from the gear oleo housing (44).
3. The upper and lower link assemblies may be removed as one unit by removing the upper drag
links (37 and 39) attachment bolts at their attachment plates.
g. With the lower drag link (41) disconnected from the gear housing (44), the gear may be removed by
removing the attachment bolt assemblies at the attachment plates (38) on each side of the gear housing. Note, if
any, the number and location of spacer washers between the gear housing and attachment plates.
h. The idler links (24 and 60) may be removed after the gear operating rod has been disconnected by the
following procedure:
1. Remove the downlock spring (22) and the eye bolt (51) which is attached to the idler link.
2. Disconnect the gear actuating cylinder (25) rod from the link.
3. Disconnect the emergency gear extender actuating cylinder (61) from the link.
4. Remove the link pivot bolts (19) by sliding the bolt out of the link, allowing the head to enter
the hole in the side of the limit switch bracket. With the head through the bracket hole, the threaded end of the
bolt can continue out of the link.
5. Remove the idler links (24 and 60).
i. The uplock rod (18) may be removed by removing the nut (20) from the actuating cylinder support
bolt and sliding the rod off the bolt. Retain the bolt in place to support the cylinder.

2E9
j. The uplock hook (10) may be removed after the removal of the uplock rod (18) and the hook pivot
bolt. Remove the hook with the uplock spring (11).
NOTE
The idler links (24 and 60), uplock rod (18), unlock rod (62) and
uplock hook mayalso be removed with the support tube (17)as one
unit.
k. To remove thesupport tube(17), first removethe up limitswitch(15) and wiresupport clamps. Hold
the support nuts within the nose section with a wrench, while removingthe bolts. Then remove the support
tube.
1. The gear housing (44) attachment plates may be removed by grinding the rivet heads flush with
the plate and removing the rivets.
m. The upper drag links (37 and 39) and attachment plates (38) may be removed by holding the
attachment nuts within the nose section with a wrench, while removing the support bolts.
7-13. INSTALLATION OF NOSE LANDING GEAR. (With Emergency Blowdown System) (Refer to
Figure 7-2.)
NOTE
When assembling any units of the landing gear, lubricate bearings

and friction surfaces with a proper lubricant as described in Section
II.
a. Position the right and left upper drag link plates (38) and bolt in place.
b. Position the right and left gear housing attachment plates and rivet them in place.
c. Install the support tube (17) and secure.Connectthe up limit switch( 15)and secureelectricalwiring
to the tube.
NOTE
The uplock hook (10), uplock rod (18), unlock rod (62), idler links
(24 and 60) and retraction rod (36) maybe assembledon the support
tube (17) as a unit and then installed on the airplane, or each
component may be installedindividuallyafter the support tube has
been installed.
d. The uplock hook (10) with uplock spring (11) may be installed as follows:
1. Place the "U" end of the uplock spring( I) over the back of the hook with the loops toward the
back.
2. Spread the spring and snap the loops over the bushing that extends through the hook.
3. Hook the ears of the spring over the aft side of the hook bracket and push the hook forward
until the bolt holes in the bracket align with the holes in the hook.
4. Bolt the hook in position and ascertain that it rotates freely with no side play and safety.
Reissued:2/6/81 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM
2E10
e. Install the uplock rod (18) by attaching and securing the sliding end to the uplock hook and the other
end on the gear actuating cylinder support bolt. Lubricate sliding end of rod per lube chart.
f. The idler links (24 and 60) may be installed by the following procedure:
1. Align the bolt hole in the links (24 and 60) with the lug holes of the support tube (17) and with
the down limit switch contact boss to the right.
2. Insert the head of the pivot bolt into the hole in the side of the up limit switch bracket far
enough to allow the threaded end of the bolt to be inserted into the tube lug and link. Tighten the nut on the
bolt allowing the link to turn free with no side play.
3. Attach the retraction rods (36 and 59) and actuating cylinders (25 and 61), rod ends(33)to the
links (24 and 60). Do not connect the retraction rods (36 and 59) to the links (37 and 39) until gear adjustment
has been completed.
4. The downlock spring (22) may be attached after gear check and adjustment has been
completed.
g. To install the gear housing assembly, position the gear so that the attachment points on the housing
align with the attachment plates. If needed, install spacer washers between attachments to allow a minimum
amount of side play. Tighten the pivot bolt nuts to a snug fit, allowing the gear to swing free, and safety wire the
nuts.
h. The drag links may be installed as follows:
1. Align upper (37 and 39) and lower (41) drag link bolt holes. Install bolt, uplock bearing (54)
and secure.
2. Ascertain that the linkage through center travel is within tolerance.
3. Attach the upper drag links (37 and 39) to the attachment plates, tighten nuts to a snug fit,
allowing the links to swing free, and safety wire the nuts.
4. Attach the lower drag link (41) to the landing gear housing (44) and temporarily install bolt.
Secure and safety the bolt after the gear has been adjusted.
5. Manually retract and extend the landing gear several times to ascertain smoothness of
operation.
6. Attach the retraction rods (36 and 59) to the upper right and left drag links (37 and 39) and
adjust the rods to obtain approximately .06 of an inch clearance between the lower locknut (35) and links (37
and 39).
NOTE
Ascertain that the locknuts (35) are tightened against the retraction
rods (36 and 59).
i. Grasp the gear fork (48) and rotate it to determine that there are no gaps existing between the
steering arm travel bushings (3) and steering bellcrank (6) which could cause the nose wheel to shimmy.
Bushings (3) are available in several different diameters to establish the proper clearance. Adjustment should
be made when there is no load at these points.
j. Lubricate the landing gear assembly. (Refer to Lubrication Chart, Section 11.)
k. Check the nose gear for alignment and operation.

2E11
7-14. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF NOSE LANDING GEAR AND EMERGENCY GEAR
EXTENSION SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 7-2.)
NOTE
Use the hydraulic test unit to supply hydraulic pressure for

adjustment operations.
a. With the airplane on jacks and gear extended, disconnect door retraction rods (40) and secure the
doors in the open position.
b. To facilitate adjustment of the uplock, observe the following steps:
1. Disconnect the lower drag link(4)from the gear oleo housing (44).
2. Disconnect the actuating cylinder rod end (33) from the idler link (24).
3. Disconnect the end of the downlock spring (22) from the idler link (24).
4. Disconnect and slip the boot (56) over the uplock rod end and the locknut (14) back along the
rod (18) until the adjustment is complete.
5. On applicable models only, disconnect the emergency actuator (61), emergency idler link rod
(59) and emergency idler link (60), and locate them clear of the primary gear extension components.
6. Pull the actuating cylinder barrel (25) down and forward until the actuator attaching bolt is at
the bottom of the slots in the attachment bracket (21).
7. Rotate the drag links assembly by hand until the uplock hook (10) engages the uplock bearing
(54).
8. With the uplock rod (18) fully extended and the hook (10) resting fully on the uplock roller
(54), adjust the rod end (13) until the attaching bolt on the hook (10) can be freely inserted. Remove the bolt
and extend the rod end one full turn and lock. Reinstall the bolt and secure.
NOTE
The actuating cylinder (25) and uplock rod (18) attaching bolt (20)
must remain in the bottom of the attachment bracket (21) slots
during this adjustment.
Reissued: 2/6/81 2E12 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2E12
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
9. Lubricate uplock rod (18) before placing the boot (56) over the uplock rod end locknut (14)
and secure it after the adjustment of nose gear is complete. (Refer to Lubrication Chart, Section II.)
c. Return the drag links to the down position and attach the lower drag link (41) to the landinggear
housing(44); secureand safety unlesscheckingthe link through its travel
d. The through travel of the link is checked by using the followingprocedure:
1. With the gear in the down position and the stop surfaces of the drag links touching,
ascertain that the linkage is 0.063 to .156 inches through center.
NOTE
The linkagemust not exceed .156 inches through center.
NOTE
A fabricated tool may be constructed to check through-center
travel of the drag link assemblywhile the links are installedon the
airplane. (Refer to Figure 7-30.)
2. To use the fabricated tool, ascertain that the gear is in the downlocked position with no
hydraulic pressureon the system.
3. Removethe cotter pins that safety the nuts which secure both upper drag links (37 and 39)
to their attachment plates (38) and the lower link (41) to the gear housing.
4. Place the tool tube through the elongatedhole in the tool plate, and place the tube over and
between the upper link attaching nuts.
5. Swingthe plate up and against the head of the bolt that connects the upper and lower links.
The plate sleeveslidesover the nut of the bolt that connects the lower link to the gearhousing.
6. Look through the right hole in the plate to ascertain that the center of the bolt is 0.063 to
0.156 of an.inch below the centerlineon the plate.
7. Removethe tool and reinstall the cotter pins.
e. The retraction rod (36) is adjusted to provide a distinct snap-through action as the idler linkage
passesthrough center.
f. Adjust the idler link stop bolt (30) on the right side of the wheel wellso that the idler linkage is
.22 to .28 inchesthrough center.
g. Connect the downlock spring(22) to the idler link (24).
h. Extend the actuator cylinder (25) with hydraulic pressure and adjust the rod end (33) until the
attaching bolt can be freely inserted. Release pressure and extend the rod end one full turn. Reinstall the
bolt and secure.Tighten the rod end locknut.
NOTE
The actuating cylinder attaching bolt must remain at the top of
the attachment bracket (21) slot during adjustment.
NOTE
Rod end and stroke control are locked with an NAS559 type
locking method. Use the proper technique. (Refer to Figure 7-2,
Sketch B.)
Reissued: 2/6/81 LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM
2E13
1052 1077
Figure 7-3. ClampingRudder Figure 7-4. Rudder Pedals Neutral Angle

Pedals in Neutral Position
i. Reinstall attaching bolt and secure. Place the key locks (57) between the locknuts (53) and the
keyway in the rod. Screw the locknut on the rod and keep the key lock centered in the keyway while tightening
the locknuts. Refer to Figure 7-2 which shows the proper installation of the locks on the piston rod end.
j. Adjust "Gear Down" limit switch until green indicator light comes on. Check switch operation by
partially retracting and extending gear several times.
NOTE
It may be necessary to partially retract the gear to tighten the

locknuts.
k. Retract the gear and adjust the stroke control stop (52) on actuator until the uplock bearing (54)
clears the inside of the uplock hook (10) surface by 0.030 to 0.060 of an inch. Adjust the gear up limit switch
until the red cockpit light goes out. Tighten the locknut on the stroke control stop. (Refer to Figure 7-2.)
NOTE
Main gear uplimit and inboard gear door switches must be actuated
also to extinguish red light.
1. Connect landing gear doors and adjust in accordance with Paragraph 7-19.
m. Retract gear slowly and observe that all parts are operating satisfactorily..
n. If gear fails to remain retracted after the cockpit handle returns to neutral, it will be necessary to
readjust one or all of the following until the gear will lock up:
1. Increase the actuator stroke by turning out the stroke control stop.
2. Relieve door "pinch" by lengthening the door operating rods.
2E14
3. Delay the actuating of up limit switches.
CAUTION
Check all rod ends for adequate thread engagement.
o. Adjust the propeller reverse switch. (Refer to Paragraph 7-44.)

p. Rigging the emergency gear extension system can be accomplished as follows:
NOTE
Before rigging the emergency landing gear extension system, insure

that the primary gear extension system is properly rigged in
accordance with instructions given in steps a thru o.
NOTE
Use the hydraulic test unit to supply hydraulic pressure during

rigging operations.
1. With the airplane on jacks and gear extended, disconnect door retraction rods (40) and secure
the doors in the open position.
2 Connect the emergency idler link (60) and idler rod (59) to the upper left drag link.
3. The retraction rod (59) is adjusted to provide a distinct snap through action as the idler linkage
passes through center.
4. Adjust the idler link stop bolt (63) on the left side of the wheel well so that the emergency idler
linkage is .22 to .28 inches through center.
5. Extend the emergency actuator (6 1) to the end of its stroke and adjust the rod end (64) until the
attaching bolt can be freely inserted. Install the bolt and secure. Tighten the rod end locknut.
NOTE
It may be necessary to partially retract the gear to tighten the

locknuts.
6. Raise the gear until it is up and locked.

7. Disconnect the emergency unlock actuator (65) from the uplock hook (10) and fully extend it.
Adjust the rod end until the attaching bolt can be freely inserted into the uplock hook assembly. Extend the rod
end one full turn. Reinstall the bolt and secure.
NOTE
Be certain that the emergency unlock actuator piston is not moved

at any time during normal gear cycling. Such movement indicates
improper rigging.
q. Retract and extend the gear slowly using the primary gear extension system and observe that
all parts are operating satisfactorily.
r. Reinstall gear door retraction rods (40).
2E15
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
PLUMB BOB
CHALK LINE
Figure 7-5. AligningNose Gear

7-15. ALIGNMENTOF NOSE LANDINGGEAR.
a. Place the airplane on a smooth level floor that will accommodatethe strikingof a chalk line.
b. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking, Section II.)
c. Level the airplanelaterally and longitudinally.(Refer to Leveling,Section II.)
d. From the center of the tail skid, extend a plumb bob and mark the contact point on the floor.
e. Extend and attach a plumb bob from a point that is approximately 24 inches forward alongthe
bottom-center row of rivets as measured from the wheel well opening. Mark the point of contact on the
floor.
f. Usingthe two plumb bob marks as a guide, snap a chalk line, extending severalfeet beyond each
mark.
g. Clamp the rudder pedalsin neutral position. (Refer to Figure 7-3.)
NOTE
The rudder control system must be properly riggedbefore aligning

the nose gear steering.
h. Adjust the rod end bearings of the steering rod to align the nose wheel with the chalk line. To
alignthe nose wheelstraight forward, stand in front of the nose gear and align the center rib of the tire with
the chalk line or lay a straightedgealong the side of the tire and parallel the straightedgewith the chalkline.
One end of the rod must be disconnected and jam nuts loosenedto make this adjustment. Do not attempt
to make the adjustment by means of one bearing, but divide the adjustment between the bearingsat each
end of the rod. Check that rod ends have sufficient thread engagement, reinstall the rod and secure jam
nuts. (Refer to Figure 7-6.)
Revised: 2/15/82 LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM

2E16
Before checking the nose gear steering travel, disconnect the shimmydamper pushrod from its
bracket on the strut housing, and center the nose gear with the centerline of the aircraft. From the inter-
section formed by the nose tire centerlineand wheelpivot point, measureand mark radial lineson the ground
surface, at 40° to the left and right of the tire centerline (80° total). Turn the wheelto its maximum travel in
both directions to check for allowabletravel. Should travel be exceededin one directionand not enough in the
other, check for possible damage to the gear fork, torque links, or steering torque tube.
NOTE
To insure full travel of the nose wheel,make sure no gaps exist at
points where the steering arm travel bushings contact with the
steering bellcrank. Adjust according to Step i, Paragraph 7-14.
j. Reconnect shimmydamper. If a Gar Kenyon damper is installed, proceed as follows:
1. Rotate the nose gear to its full right tow limit and make sure it is retained in that position.
2. Pull the piston rod of the shimmy damper to its full extension.
3. Adjust the pushrod end bearing until the attachment bolt fits freelythrough the rod end and
bracket.
4. Remove bolt and turn the rod end bearing out one full turn.
5. Bolt the rod end bearing to the bracket.
7-16. REMOVAL OF NOSE GEAR DOOR ASSEMBLY.
a. To removethe gear door, disconnect the retraction rod at the door and removethe hingebolts at
each side of the wheel well.
b. To remove the door retraction mechanism, ascertain that the retraction rod is disconnected;
disconnect the downlock spring,and remove the snap ring that holds the retraction mechanismon its support
shaft. Pull the retraction mechanism from the shaft.
7-17. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF NOSE GEAR DOOR ASSEMBLY.
a. Clean all parts with a suitable cleaning solvent.
b. Inspect the door for cracks or bent skin, loose hinge brackets and worn or corroded bearings.
c. Check the retraction mechanism for a worn downlock spring and worn or damaged surfaces.
d. Repair to the door assemblyis limited to replacinghinge bearings or rivetsand mechanismparts,
minor skin repairs and repainting.
7-18. INSTALLATION OF NOSE GEAR DOOR ASSEMBLY.
a. To install the door retraction mechanism, position and bolt the unit in place and connect the
downlock spring.
b. The gear door is installed by aligning the bracket bolt hole with the hinge, installing the bolt
assemblyand securing it. Attach and secure the retraction rod.
7-19. ADJUSTMENT OF NOSE GEAR DOOR.
a. Ascertain that the nose landing gear has been properly adjusted.
b. With gear up and locked, close one door at a time, and adjust door operating rods until bolts can
be freely inserted. Shorten rods one full turn of rod end bearings. Do not install bolts.
c. Extend the gear and install door operating rod bolts. Adjust "door open" stop bolts to allow the
door linkage to pass 0.060 to 0.120 inches through center.
d. Retract the gear slowlyand observe that all parts are operating satisfactorily.
e. If gear fails to remain retracted after the cockpit handle returns to neutral, it willbe necessaryto
readjust one or all of the followingitems until gear will lock up:
1. Increase the actuator stroke by turning out the stroke control stop.
2. Relievedoor "pinch" by lengthening the door operating rods.
3. Delay the actuating of up limit switches.
Revised: 2/15/82 2E17 LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM

SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
7-20. REMOVALOF NOSE GEAR STEERINGMECHANISM.(Refer to Figure 7-6.)

a. Remove the left pilot seat and floor panel.
b. Remove the left accesspanel on the nose section of the aircraft.
c. Remove the lower radios and radio shelf.
d. Remove the oxygen bottle in accordancewith instructionsgivenin Section XIV for the PA-3IT and
PA-31T1.
e. Disconnect the steering cable turnbuckle (22) at station 96.0, also disconnect the rudder cable
(14) at the outboard turnbuckle and rudder pedal.
f. Removethe cable guard pins (16) around the pulley at stations 104.0 and 68.0.
g. Disconnect the steering cable ends (23) from the steering sector (2) and draw the cable out of the
aircraft.
h. Disconnect the rod end bearings(5) of the steering tube assembly(8) from the arm (1) and the
steering-bellcrank(3)by removingthe-hardware.
i. Remove the steering tube assembly(8) from the aircraft. (Refer to Paragraph 7-21.)
WARNING
Do not remove the retainer clips from the tube assembly.This

assemblyis spring-loadedand should be handled with care. Check
lockwireto be sure it is holding the retainer clips in place.
NOTE
Do not rotate rod end bearings (5) unlessmeant as an adjustment

to the nose gear steering.
j. Remove the arm (1), sector (2), shaft (13), and washers (11 and 26) at station 76.38in the left rear
portion of the nose wheelwell.
k. To remove the two bracket halves (12), remove the hardware securing the brackets to the
longitudinalbeam of the aircraft.
7-21. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF STEERING PUSH-PULL TUBE. If the push-pull tube
should have to be removed from the airplane for any type of service,the followingprocedure and warning
should be observed:
a. Ascertainthat the nose wheelis centered.
b. Remove the nuts and bolts which secure the rod ends of the push-pull tube to the nose gear
steering bellcrank and lever assembly.
WARNING
The push-pull tube assemblyshould be handled cautiously. If it is
found to be defective or damaged in any way, it should be
replaced with a new assembly.Under no condition should this part
be disassembled. There are springs under compression located
inside the tube, and the locking clips should not be removed.
c. Install the push-pull tube with the rod toward the forward end of the airplane.
d. Secure the forward end of the push-pull tube to the nose gear steering bellcrank with bolt,
washer,nut and cotter pin.
e. Secure the aft end of the push-pull tube to the lever assembly with bolt, washer,nut and cotter
pin.

2E18
334 339
AFTER INSTALLATION THE PLANE
OF THE CABLES MUST BE WITHIN
± 15 OF LEVEL
VERTICAL REF. LINE
LEVEL LINE
SKETCH B
1. ARM 13. SHAFT

2. SECTOR 14 RUDDER CABLE
3 STEERING BELLCRANK 15 SLEEVE
4 ROLLER 16. GUARD PINS
5 ROD END BEARING 17 BRACKET
6 LOCK NUT 18 PULLEY
7 LOCK 19. PULLEY
8. TUBE ASSEMBLY 20 BRACKET
9. LOCK WIRE 21 FORWARD STEERING
SKETCHA 10. COVER PLATE CABLE
11 WASHER 22 TURNBUCKLE
1210 12 BRACKET ASSEMBLY 23 CABLE END
24 PULLEY
25 AFT STEERING CABLE
26 WASHER
27 BOLT AND NUT
28 BOLT AND NUT
29 GREASE FITTING
21 24
Figure 7-6. Nose Gear Steering Installation
Revised: 4/25/83 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYST

2E19
7-22. INSTALLATION OF NOSE GEAR STEERING MECHANISM. (Refer to Figure 7-6.)

a. Install the bracket assembly(12)and securewith the bolts and nuts (27)previouslyremoved.Torque
50 to 70 inch-pounds.
b. On shaft (13)place washers(11and 26)and assemblethe arm (1)if previouslyseparated. Securewith
nut and bolt (28).Torque 50 to 70 inch-pounds.
c. Install the shaft and arm into the bracket from the wheelwell side of the longitudinal beam.
d. Install the sector (2) on shaft (13),align the holes and securewith the bolt and nut (28).Torque50 to
70 inch-pounds.
e. Connect the forward steering cable (21) to sector (2) and route the cable around the pulley (19).
f. Connect aft steering cable (25) to sector (2) and route around pulley (24). Connect aft steering cable
(25) to forward steering cable (21) at turnbuckle (22).
g. Route the rudder cable (14) around pulley (18) and connect at both ends (refer to Figure 5-9. Sketch
A)-by-means-of-clevis-bolt-on-the-rudder-pedal-assembly-end-and-turnbuckle on rudder-cable-end.
h. Rig the rudder (refer to Section V).
i. Adjust the cable tension on the steering cable to 25 pounds. Install all cable guard pins.
j. Adjust the steering tube assembly (8) rod ends to obtain 24.12 inches from the center of the rod end
bearing on one end to the center of the rod end bearing on the opposite end.
k. Install the tube assembly (8) with the push-pull rod end toward the nose. Connect the rod ends to the
arm and nose gear steering lever with the bolts and nuts previously removed.
1. The nose gear alignment should also be checked in accordance with Paragraph 7-15.
m. If the oxygen bottle was removed, replace in accordance with instructions in Section XIV.
n. Replace any radio equipment removed and install the nose section access panel.
o. Replace the access panel and seat removed from the pilot's compartment.
7-23. MAIN LANDING GEAR SYSTEM.
7-24. DISASSEMBLY OF MAIN GEAR OLEO. (Refer to Figure 7-7.) The main gear oleo assembly may
be removed and disassembled from the gear oleo housing with the gear removed from or installed on the
airplane.
a. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking, Section 11.)
b. Place a drip pan under the main gear to catch spillage.
c. Remove the air and fluid from the oleo. (Refer to Oleo Struts, Section II.)
d. To remove the piston tube (22) assembly from the oleo housing (21). remove the upper and lower
torque link connecting bolt assembly (32) and separate the links. Note the number and thickness of spacer
washers (35) between the two links (31 and 33).
e. Compress the piston tube (22), reach up along the tube and release the retainer ring (15) from the
annular slot at the bottom of the oleo housing (21).
f. Pull the piston tube (22) with component parts from the (housing) cylinder.
NOTE
Prior to disassembling the upper bearing (8) with retaining pins (7)
from the piston tube (22) place a reference mark with a grease pencil
from the upper bearing to the piston tube. This will insure proper
indexing of parts upon reassembly.

2E20
g. The fork tube components may be removed by reaching in the tube and pushing out the upper
bearing (8) and retaining pins (7). Slide off the upper bearing (8), spacer (9). lower bearing (11) with O-rings
(10 and 12). wiper (13), washer (14) and retainer ring (15).
h. To remove the orifice tube (4) from the oleo housing, cut safety wire (39) and remove cap bolt (1)
and washer (2) from top of the housing.
i. The orifice plate (5) is removed from the orifice tube by releasing the retainer ring (6) that holds the
plate in position.
NOTE
Do not remove piston plug ( 17)from piston tube (22) or piston tube
(22) from fork (24).
7-25. CLEANING. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF THE MAIN GEAR OLEO. The instructions for
cleaning, inspection and repair of the main gear oleo are the same as those given for the nose gear oleo,
Paragraph 7-7.
7-26. ASSEMBLY OF MAIN GEAR OLEO. (Refer to Figure 7-7.)

a. Ascertain that all parts are cleaned and inspected.
b. To assemble and install the orifice tube (4) insert the orifice plate (5) into the bottom of the tube.
with the countersunk side of the orifice hole exposed. Secure the plate with the retainer ring (6). Lubricate and
install the O-ring (3) on the upper end of the tube. Insert the tube up through the bottom oleo housing (21).
With the tube exposed through the top of the housing, install washer (2) and tighten the cap bolt (1) finger
tight.
c. The piston tube assembly may be assembled to the oleo housing (21) by first installing the tube
components on the tube (22). In order, slide onto the tube the retainer ring ( 15),washer ( 14), lower bearing (11)
with inner and outer O-rings (10 and 12). spacer (9) and upper bearing (8). Align reference marks on the upper
bearing and piston tube to insure proper indexing of the lock pin holes of the upper bearing (8) and tube (22)
and install retainer pins (7).
NOTE

O-rings (10 and 12) and wiper strip (13). Also, if T-rings are to be
installed refer to Installation of T-rings found in this section.
d. Carefully insert the piston tube assembly into the oleo housing, guiding the orifice tube (4) into
the piston tube until the retainer ring (15) can be installed in the annular slot at the lower end of the housing.
Install wiper strip (13), slide washer (14) into position and secure assembly with the retainer ring. At the top
of the housing, tighten the cap bolt (1).
e. Install the upper and lower torque links (31 and 33). (Use same thickness spacer washers (35) be-
tween the two links as those removed to maintain correct wheel alignment.)
f. Lubricate the gear assembly. (Refer to Lubrication Chart, Section II.)
g. Service the oleo strut with fluid and air (refer to Oleo Struts. Section II) and safety with
MS20995C40 wire (39) between the filler plug (20) and cap bolt (1).
h. Check the gear alignment (refer to Paragraph 7-31) and gear operation.

2E21
1079
1. BOLT, ORIFICE TUBE

2. WASHER
3. O-RING, PACKING
4. TUBE, ORIFICE
5. PLATE. ORIFICE
6. RING, RETAINER
7. PIN, RETAINER
8. BEARING, UPPER
9. SPACER
10. O-RING GASKET
11. BEARING, LOWER
12. O-RING, PACKING
-13.WIPER-STRIP-
14. WASHER
15. RING. RETAINER
16. GASKET. O-RING
17. PLUG
18. GREASE FITTING
19. VALVE, AIR
20. PLUG, FILLER 36
21. HOUSING. OLEO
22. TUBE, PISTON
23. BOLT ASSEMBLY
24. FORK
25. PIN, COTTER
26. NUT, AXLE
27. BOLT ASSEMBLY
21. PIN, COTTER 40
29. BOLT ASSEMBLY
30. BEARING, UPLOCK
31. TORQUE LINK, LOWER
32. BOLT ASSEMBLY
33. TORQUE LINK, UPPER
34. BOLT ASSEMBLY
3S. WASHER, SPACER
36. CONTACT, SAFETY SWITCH
37. BUSHING
31. PLACARD, SERVICE
39. SAFETY WIRE
40. SCREW
41. AXLE
Figure 7-7. Main Gear Oleo Strut Assembly
Reissued:2/6/81 LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM

2E22
1080A 1080C
22
16
17
24
Figure 7-7. Main Gear Oleo Strut Assembly (cont.)

2E23
1. BRACKET,LOCK CYLINDER 39. VALVEASSEMBLY

2. LOCK CYLINDER 40. HOUSING,GEAR
3. BEARING,HINGE 41. SWITCH.RIGHTGEAR ONLY
4. BRACKET,INBOARDDOOR 42. LINK,TORQUE,UPPER
5. HINGE,INBOARDDOOR 43. UNK, TORQUE,LOWER
6. BEARING,HINGE 44 LINE, BRAKE
7. DOOR.INBOARD 45 STRUTASSEMBLY
8. BRACKET,UPLOCKHOOK 46. BRAKE ASSEMBLY
9. SPRING,UPLOCK 47. BRACKET,MOUNTING
10. BOLT ASSY. AND BUSHING 48. DISC BRAKE
11. HOOK, UPLOCK 49. WHEELAND TIRE
12. BOLT ASSY. AND BUSHING 50. HINGE,OUTBOARDDOOR
13. NUT,LOCK 51. BEARING,HINGE
14. ROD OR CABLE,UPLOCK 52. DOOR,OUTBOARD
(SEENOTE) 53. BRACKET,DOOR
15. CYLINDER 54. ROD, RETRACTION
16 SWITCH.UPLOCK 55. HOSE.BRAKE
17 WIRE ASSEMBLY 56. NUT, LOCK
18. BRACKET,SWITCH 57. WASHER
19 BRACKET,CYLINDERMOUNTING 58. ROD END
20. NUT,LOCK 59. DELETED
21. CRANK ASSEMBLY 60. DELETED
22. RODEND 61. DELETED
23. RODOR CABLE,GEAR LOCK 62 PIN, DOWNLOCK
(SEENOTE6) 63 CLEVISBOLT
24. NUT, LOCK 64. BUSHING
NOTE 6
25. RODEND 65. WASHER
A CABLEIS USEDIN PLACEOFTHERODAND 66. BOLT,HOOK PIVOT
GEARRETRACTION
DUSTBOOT ON THEPA-31T1,S/N'S31T-8204001 26. ARM, 67 BOLT,AN178-33
AND UP,ANDONTHE PA-31T2. 27. PLATE,ATTACHMENT
28. SHAFT 68. SPRING.DOWNLOCK
29. FITTING,SHAFT 69. DUST BOOT
30. FITTING,GREASE CUP
70. ANTI-ROTATION
31. SIDE BRACE,UPPERFWD. 71. DOORAJAR SWITCH
32. SWITCH,DOWNLOCK 72. ACTUATINGCYLINDER.
33. BRACKET,SWITCH EMERGENCYGEAR EXTENSION
34. HOOK,DOWNLOCK 73. ACTUATORROD, EMERGENCY
35. SIDE BRACE,LOWER GEAR EXTENSION
36. SIDE BRACE,UPPERAFT
37 PLATE.MOUNTING
38. BOLT ASSEMBLY
Figure 7-8. Main Landing Gear Installation (1 of 2)
LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM 2E24 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

UPLOCKROD OR CABLE
(SEE NOTE6)
SKETCHA
TORQUE80 TO 100IN.-LBS.
58
UPLOCKROD OR CABLE
(SEE NOTE 6)
AFTERRIGGING,BEND
FLANGETO CONTACT
SIDE OF FORK. (SEE
NOTE 2)
68
NOTES
62
1. GEAR DOWNAND LOCKED
2. ANTI-ROTATION CLIPSTO BE
USED WITHCABLESONLY
3. 0.063 MIN./0.156MAX.FOR PA-31T1,
SIN'S 31T-8304001 ANDUP.
4. 0.223 MIN./0.253MAX.FOR PA-31T2.
5. 0.219 MIN./0.281MAX.FOR ALLOTHER
PA-31TMODELS.
6. SEE PREVIOUSPAGE
7. REMOVEPAINTANDINSPECT HERE
AT 1000 HRS TIME-IN-SERVICEAND
SEE NOTES3, 4, AND5 EACHSUBSEQUENT 100 HRS AND
AT EACHGEAR DOOR EXTENSION
OVERSPEEDEVENT.SEE PIPER
SKETCH-B SERVICE BULLETINNO. 845.
Figure 7-8. Main Landing Gear Installation (2 of 2)
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2F1 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

7-27. REMOVALOF MAIN LANDINGGEAR.(Referto Figure 7-8.)

a. Place the airplaneon jacks. (Referto Jacking,SectionI.)
b. Remove the two accessplates forwardand two accessplates aft of the outboardwheel door.
c. With the hand pump, retract the main gear slightly to relieve the gear from its downlockedposition
and to lower the inboarddoor (7) out of the way.
d. Disconnectthe brakeline.
e. To remove the side brace link assembly,the followingproceduremay be used:
1. Disconnectthe actuatingcylinder (15) and downlock rod or cable (23) from the upper side brace
link arm (26) by removingthe Levis bolt (63). Disconnectthe other end of the downlockrod or
cable at the downlock hook (34). If the emergencyblowdownsystem is installed,disconnectthe
emergencyactuatingcylinder (72) from the upper side brace link arm (26) by removing the clevis
bolt (63).
2. Remove the downlock hook (34) and spring (68)by removing the pivot bolt (66)
3. Remove the downlock switch bracket (33) and the switch (32) by removingthe four screws that
attach the bracket between the forward and aft side brace links (31 and 36). Remove the clamps
that securethe electricalwiringto the side brace link.
4. Disconnectthe lower side brace link (35) from the gear oleohousing(40) and let the link assembly
swing down.
5. Removethe bolt (67) that connectsthe upper and lower side brace links.
6. Disconnectthe aft link (36) from its attachmentplate.
7. To removethe forward link (31), remove the nut with washersthat is holdingthe link on its pivot
shaft (28). Slidethe link from the pivot shaft.
8. The pivot shaft (28) may be removed by reaching through the pivot shaft bracket access hole,
removingthe bolt securingthe shaft to the shaft fitting (29). Slidethe tube through the attachment
bracket (27). The shaft fitting (29)is attachedwith cap bolts, washersand anchornuts.
f. Disconnectthe outboardgear door retractionrods (54) at the gear housing (40). With the lower side
brace link (35) disconnectedfrom the housing,the gear may be removedby removing the attachment
bolt assembliesat the attachmentplates(37) on each side of the gear housing.Note, if any, the number
and locationof spacerwashersbetweenthe gear housingand attachmentplates.
g. The uplock hook (11) and spring (9) may be removedby disconnectingthe uplock rod or cable (14)
from the hook and thenthe hook pivotbolt. If the emergencyblowdownsystemis installed,disconnect
the emergencyactuatorrod (73) from the uplockhook (11).
h. The uplockrod (14) may be removedby disconnectingthe rod at the lock crank(21).
i. The landing gear and upper drag link attachmentplates may be removed by reaching through the
access holes to the nuts that secure the plates. While holding the nuts with a wrench, remove the
attachmentbolts.
7-28. CLEANING,INSPECTIONANDREPAIROF MAINLANDINGGEAR.
a. Clean all parts with a suitablecleaningsolvent.
b. Inspectbolts, bearings,bushingsand balljoints for excess wear,corrosionand damage.
WARNING
Refer to the latest revision of Piper Service Bulletin 845 for specific
inspection/replacement instructions for the Main Landing Gear Forward
Side Braces. See Figure 7-8, Sketch B. Piper considers compliance with
Service Bulletins mandatory.
c. Inspect the gear housing, side brace links, idler links, rods and attachmentplates for cracks,bends or
misalignment.
d. Inspectlock hook for wear and oversizedbearingsurfaces.
e. Inspectthe lock hookspringsfor the following:
1. Excess wear or corrosion, especiallyaround the hook portion of the spring. A spring should be
rejected if wear or corrosion exceeds one-quarter the diameter of the spring. Clean away all
corrosionand repaintthe springs.
LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM 2F2 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
2. Check the lock hook springs for load tensions below the minimum allowable tolerances. The
minimum tension for the uplock hook spring is 4 pounds, and the minimum tension for the
downlock hook spring is 7 pounds. These checks are performed by fastening a fish type scale to
the particular hook and spring and pulling against the hook and spring to get a reading on the
scale.
f. Inspect the uplock roller for freedom of movement and minimum wobble. For S/N's 31T-8304001 thru
31T-8304003 and 31T-1104004 thru 31T-1104017, see Piper Service Bulletin No. 889.
g. Inspect lock rod or cable end bearings for corrosion, damage and freedom of movement. Also inspect
the sliding surfaces of the uplock rod.
h. Inspect the general condition of limit switches and wiring for fraying, poor connections or conditions
that may lead to failures.
i. Attach the upper and lower drag links and check that when stop surfaces of the two links contact,
linkage is 0.219 to 0.281 inch through center. (Refer to Figure 7-8.) Should this distance exceed the
required through-center travel and all bolts and bushings are tight, replace one or both side brace links.
j. Repair of the landing gear is limited to reconditioning of parts such as replacing bearings and
bushings, smoothing out minor nicks and scratches, repainting of areas where paint has chipped or
peeled and replacement of parts.
7-29. INSTALLATION OF MAIN LANDING GEAR. (Refer to Figure 7-8.)
NOTE
When assemblingany units, lubricate bearings andfriction surface with a
proper lubricantas describedin Section II.
a. Position the attachment plates of the landing gear housing and upper drag links and bolt them in place.
b. The uplock hook (11) may be installed by the following procedure:
1. Place the "U" end of the uplock spring (9) over the back of the hook with the loops also toward the
back.
2. Spread the spring and fit the loops over the bushing that extends through the hook.
3. Slide the hook inboard through the bracket until the bracket hole aligns with the bolt hole in the hook.
4. Install the pivot bolt and tighten it so the hook will rotate freely, yet without side play.
c. Attach the uplock rod or cable (14) with the sliding end attached to the hook (11) and the other end to
the crank fitting (21). If the emergency blowdown system is installed, attach the emergency actuator
rod (73) to the hook (11) also.
d. To install the main gear housing assembly, position the gear so that the attachment points on the
housing align with the attachment plates (37). If needed, install spacer washers between attachments to
allow a minimum amount of end play. Tighten the nut on each pivot bolt to a snug fit, allowing the
gear to swing free and safety.
e. The upper and lower side brace link assembly may be installed by the following procedure:
1. Install the forward upper link pivot tube attachment fitting (29) to the spar, and secure it with cap
bolts.
2. Slide the pivot shaft (28) through the attachment plate (27) and into the attaching fitting (29).
Secure the pivot shaft to the attachment fitting.
3. Ascertain that the forward upper arms (26) are installed on the links (31 and 36). Install the link
(31) on the pivot shaft and secure it with washers and nut.
4. The aft upper drag link (36) may be installed by sliding the link on the aft attachment plate pivot
bolt. Tighten the nut to allow the link to swing free with no side play and safety the nut.
5. Position the lower link (35) between the upper drag link ends; install the bolt assembly and tighten
it to allow the link to turn free with no side play.
6. Attach the lower drag link (35) to the landing gear housing (40); secure and safety. Move the gear
in and out of the downlock position several times to determine that there is no binding.

f. Positionthe downlockswitchbracket(33)betweenthe forwardandaftupper draglinksandbolt it in place.

g. The downlock hook (34) may be installedon the drag link assemblyby the followingprocedure:
1. Place the "U" end of the downlock spring(68) over the back of the hook (34) with the loop also
toward the back.
2. Spread the spring and fit the loopsover the bushingthat goesthrough the hook.
3. Insert the ends of the spring into the holes located in the downlock switch bracket (33) on each
side of the drag link assembly.Push the hook downbetweenthe two upper drag links until the bolt
holes in the links align with the bushinghole of the hook.
4. Insert the pivot bolt and on each side of the bushinginstall spacerwashersto maintaina minimum
amount of side play.Securethe bolt and safetyit.
h. The downlock rod or cable (23) may be installedby bolting the sliding end of the rod or cable to the
downlock-hook-andthe-other end to the upper-draglink arm.-at-thesame time attaching-thelanding
gear actuating cylinder (15). Ascertainlubricationof slidingend of downlockrod or cable (23). If the
emergency blowdown system is installed,attach the emergencyactuating cylinder (72) to the upper
side brace link arm (26)..
i. Lubricatethe landinggear assembly.(Referto lubrication,SectionII.)
j. Checkthe main gearadjustmentoperationand alignment.
7-30. RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF MAIN LANDING GEAR AND EMERGENCY GEAR
EXTENSIONSYSTEM. (Referto Figure 7-8.)
a. With the airplane on jacks and the gear extended, disconnect the inboard and outboard gear door
operating rods and keep the doors in the open position.
b. On applicable modelsonly, disconnectemergencyactuatorcylinder(72) and inboardrelease cable and
locatethem clear of the primarygearextensioncomponents.
c. Disconnectthe downlockrod or cable (23)from the downlockhook (34).
d. The through-centeradjustmentof the side brace links is accomplishedas follows:
1. Maintainthegearin the downlockedpositionwith bothstopsurfacesof the sidebracelinkstouching.
2. Ascertainthat the linkage is .219 to .282 of an inch throughcenter.(See Note.)
3. If one side of the stop surfacesdoes not touch it can be filed to obtain the desiredthroughtravel.
4. The linkage must not exceed .282 inchesthroughcenter.(See Note.)
NOTE
The downlock hook must be engagedand the retractionarm (locatedat the
top of theforward side brace)must be pulled towardsthe downlock hook to
the limit of its travelfor this adjustment.
NOTE
For the PA-31T2, ascertain that the linkage is .223 to .253 of an inch
through center. The linkage must not exceed .253 inches through center.
NOTE
A fabricated tool may be constructedto check through-centertravel of the
side brace link assembly while the links are installed. ( Refer to Figure 7-
31.)
e. Use the fabricatedtool in the followingprocedure.
1. The gear is downand lockedwith no hydraulicpressureon the system.
NOTE
This airplanemay be eitheron or offjacks.

2. Remove the cotter pins that safety the nuts that secure both upper side brace links to their
attachmentplates.
NOTE
On the right gear only remove the pin at the nut that secures the lower link
to thegear housing. Do not removethe nuts.
3. Place the tool tube through the elongated hole in the tool plate and place the tube over and
between theupper linkattachmentnuts.
4. Swing the plate up and against the head of the bolt that connects the upper and lower links. The
plate sleeve slides over the nut on the head of the bolt that connects the lower link to the gear
housing.
5. Look throughthe sight hole in the plate to ascertainthat the center of the bolt is .219 to .281 of an
inch below the centerlineon the plate. (SeeNote.)
NOTE
For the PA-31T1, S/N's 31T-8304001 and up; when looking through the
sight hole in the plate, ascertainthat the center of the bolt is .063 to .156 of
an inch belowthe centerlineon theplate.
NOTE
For the PA-31T2, when looking through the sight hole in the plate,
ascertain that the center of the bolt is .223 to .253 of an inch below the
centerlineon the plate.
6. Removethetool and reinstallthe cotter pins.
f. Operate the downlockhook (34) by hand to determinethat it engages freely,and then open and close
the joint severaltimes to assure that the hook is operatingproperly.
g. If the hook operates properly determine proper clearance between the hook (34) and pin (62) by
engaging the hook and pushingup on the side brace link assembly,where the upper and lower links
hinge until the hook is tight against the pin. This will allow the link stops to separate. Clearance
between the stopsshould not exceed .020 of an inch. If clearanceexceeds .020 of an inch and the pin
is not worn andthe link throughtravel is withinlimits,then the hook must be replaced.
h If the hook will not clear the pin, file the inside of the hook until a minimumclearance is reached
between the link stops as indicatedin step g. Be careful to maintainthe new surfaceparallel with the
original surface.Replacethe pin if it is worn.
CAUTION
Do notfile pin.
i. To replacethepin (62), cutthe pin, file off any burrsleft by the cut,and drivethe pin out from each side.
CAUTION
Do not try to drill the pin out, as this could damage the link.
Install a new pin and flange.
j. With the downlockhook engaged,pull the retractionarm (26) locatedat the top of the forward side
brace towardsthe downlockhook to the limits of its travel. Also pull the downlockrod or cable (23)
out to its fulllength,and adjusttherod end untilthe hookboltcanbe freelyinsertedthroughthe hooklugs.
k. Remove the boltand extendthe rod end one full turn; or, one-halfturn for PA31T1S/N's 31T-8304001
and up only. Tightenthe locknutand installthe attachingbolt.
NOTE
Partiallyretract and extend the gear severaltimes to see that the downlock
is operatingproperly.
InterimRevision:10/15/97 2F5 LANDINGGEARANDBRAKESYSTEM

NOTE
Refer to Paragraph7-37for adjustmentof the landinggear light switches.
1. Pull the retractionarm (26) outboardin its slot and crank assembly(21) inboardin its slot.
m. With the actuatorretractedunder pressure,adjust the actuatorrod end until the fork bolt slips in easily.
Turn the actuatorrod end in one turn and installthe fork bolt.
NOTE
When installing thefork bolt in the actuatorrod end, be sure that theforked
end is properlyaligned with the downlockoperatingrod.
n. Partially retractthe gear; then extendthe gear.As the side bracesapproachthe lockedposition,exert a
-side-force-inboard-on-the-wheel-so-that the-hydraulic-actuatormust-forcethelinkageinto thelocked
position. If the gear fails to lock, adjust the actuatorrod end inward in half turn incrementsuntil the
gear locks down against the side load.
o. Adjust the uplockhook using the followingprocedure:
1. Disconnectthe uplockrod or cable (14) from the hook.
2. Retract the gear, beingcarefulto keep the rod clear of movingparts.
3. As the uplock roller approachesthe hook, operatethe hook by hand until the roller is engaged.
4. Maintain pressure on the actuatorto assurethat the uplockcrank is in its proper position.Pull the
uplock rod or cable out to its full length, and adjust the rod end until the bolt can be freely
inserted. Turn the rod end out one to three (1 to 3) full turnsfor rods; or, one-halfturn for cables;
and installthe bolt and spacer.Tightenthe locknuton the rod end.
5. Adjust actuatorrod end until uplockroller clears inner hook surfaceby .03 to .06 of an inch when
piston is bottomed.This adjustmentwill require several adjustmentsbecause of deflectionin the
linkage.
6. Increasethe hydraulicpressureuntil the landinggear selectorhandlereturns to its neutral position.
This will indicatethat the gear is hangingon theuplock hook.
NOTE
It will be necessary in order to extinguish the red light, to actuate the
opposite main gear and nose gear up limit switches together with the
inboard gear door closedswitches.
7. Operate the gear through severalcyclesto assurethat all parts are operatingsatisfactorily.
CAUTION
Be sure that all rod ends have sufficient gripping thread by determiningthat
a wire will not go through the check hole in the rod.
p. Adjust inboardand outboardmain landinggear doors.(Referto Paragraph7-35.)
q. Adjust landinggear safetyswitch.(Referto Paragraph7-43.)
r. - Riggingthe emergencygear extensionsystemcan be accomplishedas follows:
NOTE
Before rigging the emergencylandinggear extension system, insure that the
primary gear extension system is properly rigged in accordance with
instructionsgiven in steps a thru r.
1. With the airplaneon jacks and gearextended,disconnectdoor operationrods and securethe doors
in the open position.
2. Extend the emergencyactuatorto the end of its stroke and adjust the rod end until the attaching
bolt can be freely inserted.Installthe bolt and secure.Tightenthe rod end locknut.
3. Raisethe gear until it is up and locked.
LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM 2F6 InterimRevision:10/15/97

Figure 7-8a. Aligning Main Gear
4. Disconnect the emergency unlock actuator from the uplock hook and fully extend it. Adjust the
rod end so the bolt can be freely inserted into the unlocking assembly. Remove the bolt and extend
the rod end one full turn. Reinstall the bolt and secure.
NOTE
Be certain that the emergency unlock actuator piston is not moved at any
time during normal gear cycling. Such movement indicates improper
rigging.
5. Retract and extend the gear slowly using the primary gear extension system and observe that all
parts are operating satisfactorily.
6. Connect the inboard and outboard door operating rods.
7-31. ALIGNMENT OF MAIN LANDING GEAR. The following steps should be completed prior to checking
and/or adjusting main wheel alignment:
a. Ascertain that the airplane is parked on a level surface.
b. The full weight of the airplane must be on the landing gear.
c. Roll the airplane a minimum of two main wheel revolutions by the use of the tow bar. Move the
airplane in a straight line. This will stabilize the landing gear position.
The remaining steps cover alignment procedures:
d. Place a straightedge no less than fifteen feet long across the front of both main landing gear wheels.
Butt the straightedge against the tires at the hub level of the landing gear. Ascertain that the
straightedge is the same distance from the forward side of the axle hubs. Devise a support to hold the
straightedge in position. (Refer to Figure 7-8a.)

e. Fabricate a spacerblock per dimensionsgiven in Figure 7-32, and place this spacer blockagainst the
wheel rim at the hub line, with the wide end of the spacer towards the front of the wheel. (Refer to
Figure 7-8a.)
NOTE
The fabricated spacer block has been laid out to give the proper toe-in of .5
degrees.
f. Set a square against the straightedgeand spacer block, and check to see if its outstandingleg bears
against the spacerblock.
NOTE
A carpenter's square,because of its especiallylong legs is recommendedfor
checking the main landinggear wheel alignment.
g. If a gap appearsat the rear, betweenthe block and square,the wheelis toed-outand must be realigned.
If a gap appears at the forward end between the block and the square, the wheel has too much toe-in
and must be realignedto get .5 degreetoe-in.
h. To correct toe-in or toe-out conditions,remove the bolt connectingthe upper and lower torque links
and removeor add spacer washersto movethe wheelin the desireddirectionand reinstallthe bolt.
i. Recheck wheel alignment.If the alignmentis correct, safetythe castellatednut with a new cotter pin.
If the misalignmentstill exists, separatethe torquelinks and add or removea spacer washer.Limit the
numberof spacers installedto allowfor installationof the cotter pin in the bolt.
7-32.REMOVALOF MAINGEARDOORASSEMBLY.
a. To remove the outboardgear door, disconnectthe retractionrods from the door and removethe hinge
bolts.
b. To remove the inboardgear door, place the airplaneon jacks and retract the gear enough to allow the
door to open. Disconnectthe actuatingcylinderrod and removehingebolts.
BLANK
THIS SPACEINTENTIONALLY
LANDINGGEARAND BRAKE SYSTEM 2F8 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

7-33. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF

MAIN GEAR DOOR ASSEMBLY.
a. Clean all parts with a suitable cleaning
solvent.
b. Inspect the outboard or inboard doors for
cracks or bent skin. Loose hinge brackets and
worn or corroded bearings.
c. Repair to the door assemblies is limited to INSPECT
replacing hinge bearing, brackets or rivets, THIS AREA
minor skin repairs and painting.
7-33a. INBOARD DOOR HINGE INSPECTION.
a. For S/N's 31T-7804001 thru 31T-8004040
and 31T-400002 thru 31T-8020076: Each 100 hours,
PARTNUMBER -
inspect the Inboard Door Hinge for cracks as
ON SOMEHINGES
specified in Piper Service Bulletin No. 682, unless the (RAISEDLETTERS)
installed hinge is steel (check with magnet) or
replacement hinge assembly P/N 47529-32 has been
installed. INBOARDMAIN
b. Hinge assembly P/N 47529-32 can be readily GEARDOOR
identified by the P/N 46652-2 in raised letters on the
hinge forging.
c. If the hinge is steel or the replacement hinge
-assembly has been installed, no inspection is required.
7-34. INSTALLATION OF MAIN GEAR DOOR
ASSEMBLY.
a. The inboardgear door is installedby aligning
the hinge bracket holes with the bearings, installing
the bolt assembly and securing it. Install the actuating Figure 7-9. Inboard Main Gear Door Hinge
cylinder rod to the door.
b. The outboard gear door is installed by aligning the hinge bracket holes with the bearings, installing
bolt assemblies and securing them. Attach the actuating rods between the door and landing gear housing.
7-35. ADJUSTMENT OF MAIN GEAR DOORS.
a. Ascertain that the main landing gear has been properly adjusted.
b. Adjust outboard door rods to their maximum length and bolt them to the bosses on the gear housing.
Retract the gear and observe the amount of gap. Shorten rods by several turns of the rod ends and retract the
gear again. Repeat until the door closes properly.
CAUTION
Damage to the door may result if rods are too short.
c. Adjust the inboard door using same procedure as used for the outboard door.
NOTE
Should it be necessary to fit new doors or refit the present doors, maintain a
gap of approximately 0.062 of an inch, except at the hinge side, between the
door and the skin surface of the wing. A gap of approximately 0.093 of an
inch should be maintained at the hinge side of the door.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2F9 LANDINGGEAR ANDBRAKE SYSTEM

7-36. REPLACEMENTOF WIPER STRIPON LANDINGGEARSTRUTS.

a. Place the airplaneon jacks. (Referto Jacking,SectionII.)
b. Jack the airplaneonly high enough to take weightoff the gear.
c. Release the air pressure from the strut by depressing the valve core pin until the pressure has
diminished.
d. Using snap ring pliers,disengagethe snap ring from the annularslot in the oleohousingand allow it to
lay at the lower end of the pistontube alongwith the wiperstrip retainerwasher.
e. Remove the old wiper strip from the housing, and clean and inspect the housingto determinethat no
piecesremain in it.
f. Wipe the piston tube and check it for any abrasionswhich may damagethe new wiper. Polish the tube
to-remove-any-abrasions found. -
g. A newwiper stripshouldbe cutwith a 30 degreebevel,a littlelongerthanneeded,to circlethepistontube.
h. Insert the new wiper strip up into the oleo housing with the tapered edge down. Slide the retainer
washer and snap ring up the piston tube, and insert them into the oleo housing. Using snap ring pliers to
compress the snap ring, install it into the annularslot in the oleohousing.
i. Inflate the oleo strut in accordancewith instructionsgiven in Oleo Struts, SectionII, and remove the
airplanefrom thejacks.
7-36a. EMERGENCY EXTENSION SYSTEM. A mechanically actuated pneumatic emergence extension
system is incorporatedinto the landing gear system of the PA-31T2.Pressurefor emergencyextensionof the
gears is provided by four sealed,disposablegas storagecylinders(one for each main gear and two for the nose
gear).Thesecylindersarelocatedbeneathan accesscoveron the cabinfloorbetweenthe pilot'sand copilot'sseats.
7-36b.REMOVALOF GAS STORAGEBOTTLES.
a. To remove the gas storagebottles, gain access to the extender installation cover plate (beneath the
access plate betweenthe pilot's and copilot's seats).
b. Remove the screws whichretain the gas storagebottle to the coverplate.
c. Remove gas storagebottle.
7-36c. TESTING AND INSPECTIONOF GAS STORAGEBOTTLE.The bottles shouldbe weighedevery
1000 hours to determineif they have developedany leakage.The satisfactoryweightof one bottle is stamped
on the side of the bottle. If the bottle shouldfall belowthis weight,it shouldbe replaced.
7-36d.TESTINGEMERGENCYGEARSYSTEMFOR OPERATIONSAND LEAKS.
This test procedureshouldbe used wheneverthe systemhas been openedfor any serviceand at each 1000
hour inspection, to insure system operation and integrity. To perform this test a special fitting must be
fabricatedand installed in place of the gear storagebottles.(Referto Figure 7-9a.) Also needed is a source of
nitrogen gas such as an industrial3000 psig. cylinderalongwith regulator,pressure gauge,controlvalves and
lines.(Refer to Figure 7-9a for suggestedhookupand equipment.)
a. Place the airplaneonjacks. (Referto SectionI.)
b. Remove one of the nose gearemergenceextensiongas storagebottles.
c. Remove both of the maingear emergencyextensiongas storagebottles.
d. Install the fabricatedtest fitting into one of the open dischargerassemblies.Insure that the test valves
shown in Figure 7-9a are closed.
e. Cyclethelandinggearup hydraulically and insurethelandinggearselectorhandleis in theup neutralposition.
f. Withthe 3000 psig. nitrogencylinder attached to thetestfitting,adjustthecylinderregulatorto 1000psig.

g. Open the discharge valve on the test rig and insure that the particular landing gear extends properly
and that there is no mechanical interference during the extension cycle.
NOTE
The main gear will contact the inboard gear doors during the extension
cycle, however these doors should not significantly impede the main gear
extension. The main gear must not "hangup" on the main gear doors.
Should interference be evident, the inboard gear door unlocking mechanism
is improperly adjusted. ( Refer to rigging instructions .)
h. Close the discharge valve on the test rig and note the trapped pressure on the test gauge.
i. After two minutes the pressure trapped in the system must not decrease by more than 50 psig. (950 psi.
min.). Should pressure decrease below this limit check entire system for leaks. Make repairs and retest.
j. Perform Steps d thru i on the other two remaining landing gear emergency extension systems.
k. Upon completion of this test open the vent valve then remove all test equipment and reinstall the gas
storage bottles and secure in place.
CAUTION
Exercise care not to accidentally fire the bottles when installing them.
l. Ascertain that all landing gears are down, locked and the selector handle is in the down neutral
position prior to removing the airplane from jacks. (Refer to Section II.)
7-36e. INSTALLATION OF GAS STORAGE BOTTLE.
NOTE
If the nose gear emergency extension system has been utilized, both nose
gear gas storage bottles must be replaced.
a. Insert gas storage bottle in gear extender installation.
b. Secure bottles in place with screws.
CAUTION
Exercise care not to accidentally fire bottles when installing them.
7-36f. REMOVING PRESSURE FROM LINES AFTER ACTIVATIONOF SYSTEM. After activation of one
of the bottles, the emergency gear extension system pressure must be removed from the line. This may be
accomplished by cracking any appropriate fitting of the system.
NOTE
If the flared fitting connections on the gas storage bottles assembly are
broken the seco seal must be replaced.

C711
INDUSTRIAL NITROGEN
N2
0-1500 PSI
FABRICATED TEST FITTING
BOTTLE DISCHARGER
(IN AIRCRAFT)
Gear Extension System

Figure 7-9a. Test Equipment Installation. Emergency
Added: 10/15/82 2F12
C710
TAP FOR
AN815-4D -4AN FTG
O-RING
KNURL 1!
.31
II
II
II
6.00
11
09
HOLE
II
II
THREAD 1/2 x 20
50
MATERIAL - ALUMINUM
Figure 7-9b. Fabricated Test Fitting. Emergency Gear Extension System
Added: 10/15/82 2 2F13 LANDING GEAR AND BR AKE SYSTEM

2F13
3237
Figure 7-9c. Landing Gear Actuating System (PA-31T2)

2F14
1. HYDRAULIC PUMP - LEFTENGINE

2. HYDRAULIC FILTER- LEFTENGINE
3. CHECKVALVESFOR LEFTAND RIGHTPUMPS
4. PRESSUREPORT
5. SUCTION- FILL
6. HYDRAULIC PUMP - RIGHTENGINE
7. HYDRAULIC FILTER- RIGHTENGINE
8. HANDPUMP CHECKVALVE
9. HANDPUMP
10 GEARSELECTOR(REMOTE)
11. UPLOCKHOOK- PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
12. PNEUMATICACTUATORFOR RELEASINGUPLOCKHOOK
13. FILTER/VENT
14. PNEUMATICACTUATOR- NOSE GEAR
15. HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR- NOSE GEAR
16. RESTRICTOR VALVE
17. NITROGENBOTTLES- NOSE GEARPNEUMATICSYSTEM
18. OPERATINGLANYARD- NOSE GEARPNEUMATICSYSTEM
19. HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR- RIGHTMAINGEAR
20 NITROGENBOTTLE- RIGHTMAINGEAR PNEUMATICSYSTEM
21. OPERATINGLANYARD- RIGHTMAINGEARPNEUMATICSYSTEM
22. UPLOCKHOOK- RIGHTMAINPNEUMATIC
23. PNEUMATIC ACTUATINGCYLINDER- RIGHTMAINGEAR
24. PNEUMATIC ACTUATORFOR RELEASINGUPLOCKHOOK
25. FILTER/VENT
26. GEARDOOR ACTUATING CYLINDER- RIGHTMAIN
27. SHUTTLEVALVE
28. HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR- LEFTMAINGEAR
29. OPERATINGLANYARD - LEFTMAINGEARPNEUMATICSYSTEM
30. NITROGENBOTTLE- LEFTGEARPNEUMATICSYSTEM
31. UPLOCKHOOK- LEFTGEARPNEUMATICSYSTEM
32 PNEUMATICACTUATINGCYLINDER- LEFTMAINGEAR
33. FILTER/VENT
34. PNEUMATICACTUATORFOR RELEASINGUPLOCKHOOK
35 GEAR DOORACTUATING CYLINDER- LEFTMAIN
38. SHUTTLEVALVE
37. POWERPACK
A. DOOR SOLENOIDVALVE
B. PRIORITYVALVE
C. ENGINEPUMP CHECKVALVE
D. MAINRELIEFVALVE
E. LOW PRESSURETHERMALRELIEFVENTVALVE
F. TIMEDELAYVALVE
G. SIGHT GAUGE
H. HANDPUMP RELIEFVALVE
I. PISTONRELEASE(LOCK)
J. LANDINGGEAR SELECTORVALVE
Figure 7-9c. Landing Gear Actuating System (PA-31T2) (cont.)

2F15
7-37. LANDINGGEAR LIGHT SWITCHES.

7-38. ADJUSTMENTOF NOSE GEAR UP LIGHT SWITCH.
a. Ascertain that the nose landinggear uplock is properly adjusted.
b. Retract gear fully and ascertain that the uplock roller is engaged and resting against the uplock
hook. (No pressureon hydraulic system.) in
c. Adjust the gear uplock switch toward the hook until it actuates. The red indicator light
cockpit should go out.
NOTE
Main gear up switches must be actuated also to extinguish the red

light.
d. Extend and retract to ascertain proper adjustment.
7-39. ADJUSTMENTOF NOSEGEAR DOWNLIGHT SWITCH.
a. Ascertain that the gear is properly adjusted for downlock position. The
b. With the gear down and locked, adjust the gear down switch toward the link until it actuates.
greenindicator in the cockpit should come on.
c. Check switch operation by partially retracting and extending the gear severaltimes.
7-40. ADJUSTMENTOF MAINGEAR UP LIGHT SWITCH.
a. Ascertain that the main landinggear uplock is properly adjusted.
b. Retract the gear fully and ascertain that the uplock roller is engaged and resting on the uplock
hook. (No pressure on hydraulic system.) in the
c. Adjust the gear uplock switch toward the link until it actuates. The red indicator light
cockpit should go out.
NOTE
Opposite main gear switch and nose gear switch must be actuated
also to extinguish the red light.
d. Extend and retract the gearto ascertain proper adjustment.
LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM

Reissued:2/6/81
2F16
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
210
Figure 7-10. Adjusting Main Gear Down Limit Switch

7-41. ADJUSTMENTOF MAINGEAR DOWNLIGHTSWITCH. (Refer to Figure 7-10.)
a. Ascertainthat the main landinggear downlock is properly adjusted.
b. With the gear down and locked, the greenindicator light in the cockpit should come on when the
downlock hook is lowered to within 0.030 to 0.069 of an inch of bottoming in the hook slot of the lower
side brace link. The followingcheck and adjustment may be accomplished:
1. By hand, raise the downlock hook until the downlock switch is heard to actuate (click).
2. With the hook raised, place a 0.070 of an inch wire feeler gauge between the hook and
bottom surfaceof the slot in the side brace link. (Refer to Figure 7-10.)
3. Lower the hook, allowing it to rest on the feeler gauge. (The end of the gauge should be
even with the lock pin.) The switch should not be heard to actuate.
4. Again raise the hook, allowing the switch to actuate, and place a 0.030 gaugein the slot of
the side brace link.
5. Lower the hook. The switch should actuate allowingthe greenindicator light in the cockpit
to come on.
6. Whenloweringthe hook, if the switch actuates too soon, adjust the switch toward the hook.
If it actuates too late, adjust the switch away from the hook.
7-42. ADJUSTMENTOF MAININBOARDGEAR DOORAJAR SWITCHES.
a. Ascertainthat main inboard geardoors are adjusted properly.
b. With the master switch off, actuate the hand pump to bring the gear doors down.
c. Disconnectthe actuator cylinder rod from the doors so they hang free.
d. Locate the switch by adjusting the retainer nuts so that when the door is closed by hand, a click
can be heard approximately one inch before the door is completely closed.

2F17
CAUTION
Avoid extreme outward adjustment that would cause the switch

mounting tab to bend back when the door is closed, resulting in
damage to the switch unit.
NOTE
An ohmmeter or continuity tester can be used to indicate switch

actuation.
e. Install the actuator cylinder rod to the door.
f.Turn the master switch ON and withthe gear selector-in-down-position,actuatethe hand pump
until the door closes.
7-43. ADJUSTMENT OF LANDING GEAR SAFETY SWITCH. The landing gear safety switchesare
located on the left and right main gear upper torque links and are adjusted so that the switchis actuated at the
last .25 ± .13 of an inch of gear extension.
a. Compress the strut until nine inches is obtained between the top of the gear fork and the bottom
of the gearhousing. Hold the gear at this measurement.
b. Adjust the switch down until it actuates at this point. Secure the switch.
c. Extend and then compress the strut to ascertain that the switch will actuate at the last quarter,
plus or minus one eighth of an inch of oleo extension.
7-44. ADJUSTMENTOF LANDINGGEAR PROPELLER REVERSE SWITCH.The propeller reverse
switch is located on the nose gear torque link.
a. Adjust the switch to activate when the oleo strut is within .25 inches ± .12 inches of its fully
extended position.
b. Extend and then compress the strut to be certain the switch actuates properly. Connect an
ohmmeter to the electrical leads of the switch. Measure the strut extension at the point where the switch
closes.This distance should be within the range givenin Step a.
c. Check to be sure that the propellersmove into their reverse position during taxi test.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to move the power levers into reverse with the
enginesstatic as damage willresult to the linkage.
Revised:2/15/82 LANDINGGEAR ANDBRAKESYSTEM

2F18
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
7-45. LANDINGGEARWARNINGSYSTEM.
7-46. REMOVALOF GEAR WARNINGSWITCHES.(Refer to Figure 7-11.) The gear warning switches
are located within the control pedestal, directly under the power levers. Each switch will actuate the
warning horn.
a. The switchesmay be removed from their mounting brackets by the followingprocedure:
1. Remove the top cover plates of the pedestal (one is forward of the control levers,the other
surrounds the levers)by removingtheir attachment screws.
2. Removethe switch from its mounting bracket by removingthe two screws that secureeither
switch and spacer block. First remove the nut from each screw, and allow the bracket of the other switch
and spacer block to swing full forward by turning the adjustment screw counterclockwise.Pull aft on the
switch bracket to be removed and push out the attachment screws.
3. Disconnectthe necessaryelectricalleads.
b. The switch mounting brackets may be removed by removing the control lever assembly as
follows:
1. Disconnect the engine control cables from the control leversby removing the connecting
clevispins.
2. Removethe flush head screw at each side of the pedestal housing.
3. Remove the friction knob with washerfrom the right side of the pedestal.
4. Removethe cap bolts that securethe frame.
5. Pull the assemblyfrom the pedestal housing.
6. Remove the control keeper tube that holds the switch brackets in the control frame by
removingthe tube attachment screwsfrom each side of the frame.
7-47. INSTALLATIONOF GEARWARNINGSWITCHES.(Refer to Figure 7-11.)
a. The switch mounting brackets, as part of the control lever assembly,may be installedas follows:
1. Assemble the mounting brackets (switches and spacer blocks may be installed with
mounting brackets), tension springs and spacer washers in the control frame, and secure with the keeper
tube. Secure keeper tube in frame.
2. Install the control lever assembly in the pedestal housing and secure it with cap bolts and
screws.
3. Install the friction knob with washer on the end of the lever shaft at the right side of the
pedestal.
4. Connect the engine control cablesto their respectiveleversusing clevispins. Place washeron
ends of clevispins and secure cotter pins.
b. The switchesmay be installedon their mounting brackets by the followingprocedure:
1. Connect the electrical leads to their respectiveswitch terminals. (Refer to ElectricalSystem
Schematic, Section XV, for wire installation.)
2. Place the switch and spacer block in its mounting bracket and install attachment screws.It
will be necessary to swing the bracket of the other switch and spacer block forward to install the
attachment screws.Install nuts on the screwsand secure.
3. Position the pedestal coverplates on the pedestal;install screwsand secure.
4. Adjust the switchesper Paragraph7-48.

2F19
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
514
1. LEVER, L. THROTTLE
LEVER, R. THROTTLE
3. SCREW, ADJUSTMENT
4. BRACKET, MOUNTING
5. SCREW ADJUSTMENT
6. BRACKET, MOUNTING
7. SWITCH, HORN
8. SPACER BLOCK
9. SWITCH. HORN
10. SPACER BLOCK
11. SPRING, TENSION
13 12. COIL SPRING
13. PLATE. THROTTLE LEVER
ADJUSTMENT SIDE
3 4
Figure 7-11. Gear WarningSwitches Installation

7-48. ADJUSTMENTOF GEAR WARNINGSWITCHES.The gear warning horn switches are installed in
the control pedestal, with each controlled by a power lever. Each switch activates the warninghorn when
either or both power levers are reduced below 150 foot-pound of engine torque. The following is a
procedure for the adjustment of the gearwarning switches:
a. Ground Adjustment:
1. Start and run the engineswith the propeller set for full increase RPM.
2. To set the power lever switchesto actuate at a desired power lever setting, retard the power
levers until the engine torque gauges read 150 foot-pound of torque. Mark the power lever cover in some
manner in relation to the power leversfor adjustment of the switches.
3. Shut down the engines.
4. Set the power lever at the locations marked. With the adjustment screw on the switch
bracket, adjust each switch separately toward the actuator angle until the switch is heard to actuate. The
adjustment screw may be reached by inserting a long screwdriverthrough the travel slot of the power lever
in the pedestal cover.
b. Horn Operational Check:
1. To check the horn operation, jack the airplane and retract the landinggear. With the master
switch on, retard either power lever until the gear up indicator horn sounds. Check the location of the
power lever to the adjusting mark. The warning horn will operate when either or both power levers are
retarded.
2. With the warning horn operating, lower the gear to insure that the horn ceasesto operate
when the gear is down and locked.
3. Remove the airplane from the jacks.
c. Flight Adjustment:
1. Flight test the airplane to insure operation of the warning system when the gear is up and
power is reduced to the desired enginetorque.
Reissued: 2/6/81
7-49. WHEELS.
7-50. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF NOSE WHEEL. (B. F. GOODRICH) (Refer to Figure 7-12
or 7-13.)
b. To dismount the nose wheel remove the axle nut, bolt and axle plugs. Tap the axle out of the wheel
assembly and fork using a 17/16 inch O.D. tube.
c. Flex the fork enough to allow the wheel and wheel spacers to clear the fork assembly.
d. To disassemble the wheel deflate the tire and break the tire beads away from the flanges by pressing
with the heels of the hands or with a tire press.
e. Remove nuts, washers and tie bolts from the wheel. Separate the wheel halves and remove the tire;
also remove the valve stem assembly if installed.
f. The wheel bearing and seal can be removed by tapping out evenly from the inside with a brass drift.
Be careful not to damage the bearing cage.
NOTE
Bearing cups are a press fit into the wheel halves and should not be
removed unless replacement is necessary. If cups are to be replaced,
heat the wheel half to (275° to 300° F); then press out the cups with
a plug (refer to Figure 7-12). Support the wheel hub while removing
cups.
7-51. INSPECTION OF NOSE WHEEL ASSEMBLY. (B. F. GOODRICH)

a. Clean metal parts in solvent, and air dry thoroughly. Clean rubber parts by wiping with a clean
lint-free cloth.
b. Magnaflux bolts for cracks, breaks, and surface blemishes on the bolt head radius or shank.
c. With dye check or Zyglo, inspect wheel halves for cracks and breaks, noting in particular the bead
seat, tubewell and web junction areas.
d. Visually inspect all metal parts for pitting, corrosion, cracks, breaks, uneven wear, and other
surface defects.
e. Inspect packing sealing surfaces for smoothness.
f. Inspect packing for pits, cuts, and other defects. Replace as necessary.
7-52. REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT OF NOSE WHEEL ASSEMBLY. (B.F. GOODRICH)

a. Repair scratches, nicks, and other minor surface blemishes on the wheel halves by sanding with
emery cloth, removing as little metal as possible. Polish and surface treat the repaired surface with Dow No.
7.
NOTE
Do not remove more than 0.020 inch below original surface in

local areas for general blending.
b. Paint repaired surfaces with two coats zinc chromate primer and one coat aluminum lacquer.
NOTE
Use only one coat of zinc chromate primer and no finish coat on
mating surfaces and in the packing groove.
2F21
1. CAP, VALVE
2. VALVE
PRESSING OUT BEARING CUP 3. GROMMET, RUBBER
4. STEM, VALVE
5. GREASE SEAL
6. CONE, BEARING
7. NUT
8. WASHER
9. BOLT
10. WASHER, FLAT
11. PACKING, PREFORMED
12. CUP, BEARING
13. NUT,SELF LOCKING
14. WEIGHT, WHEEL BALANCING
15. SCREW
16. WHEEL HALF, OUTER
17. CUP, BEARING
18. NUT, SELF LOCKING
19. WEIGHT, WHEEL BALANCING
20. SCREW
21. WHEEL HALF, INNER
516
APPLY THREAD COMPOUND MIL-T-5544

TORQUETO 100 TO 140 INCH-POUNDS
SKETCH A
Figure 7-12. Nose Wheel Assembly (B. F. Goodrich,3-1331)
Reissued: 2/6/81 LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM

2F22
c. Replace all parts which havevisible cracksor are damaged beyond repair.
d. Replace packingand grommet at each overhaul.
7-53. ASSEMBLYAND INSTALLATIONOF NOSEWHEEL. (B.F. GOODRICH)
a. If cups havebeen removed,reinstall as follows:
1. Heat wheel halvesto (275°to 300°F) and cool cups to (0°F).
2. Support the wheel hub and paint the insidediameter of the hub with zinc chromate primer.
Then press the cups into the wheel half.
NOTE
The wet zinc chromate primer lubricates the parts to be pressed
together and assistsin preventinggalvaniccorrosion between parts.
b. Reinstall valve stem and balance weights if removed.
c. Lubricate the packingwith grease(MIL-G-3545Cor equivalent), and install in the packing groove
on the wheel half.
d. Install the tire and join the two wheel halves. Apply a generous coat of thread compound,
MIL-T-5544to threads of bolts, faces of washers,and bearing face of nuts. Tighten two nuts, diametrically
opposite to 100 inch-pounds. Using the same procedure, retighten all nuts. Refer to Figure 7-12 or 7-13.
NOTE
Do not use an impact wrench to apply final torque. Use a preset
hand torque wrench only.
e. Inflate the tire (refer to Table II-I) and test for leakage. Refer to Parts Catalog for the correct
spacers required for particular tire installed.
f. Repack wheelbearingswith grease(MIL-G-3545C)and lubricate cups. Place bearingsin the wheel
assemblyand install grease seals.
g. Install the wheeland spacers in the fork and insert the axle. Refer to Parts Catalog for the correct
spacers required for particular tire installed.
h. Adjust the axle bolt to allow the wheel to turn freely with no side play.
7-54. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF MAIN WHEEL (GOODYEAR. 9544171-1).(Refer to
Figure 7-14.)The followingParagraphs 7-54 thru 7-57 pertain to Goodyear wheels.
b. Deflate the tire and remove the valvecore from the valve stem.
c. Removethe wire retaining ring (1) and hub cap (2) from the wheel.
d. Removethe wheelassemblyfrom the axle.
CAUTION
Use care during removal of wheel from axle to avoid damage to
the bearing cones (3) and inboard bearing seal (9).
e. Remove the inboard bearing cone (3) and inboard bearing seal (9) from the airplane axle.
f. Place the wheel on a clean, flat surface with the valve stem up.
g. Break the tire beads free of both wheel flanges by applying pressure around the entire sidewall as
close to the tire beads as possible.

2F23
1. WHEELHALF
2. WHEELHALF
3. BOLT
4. CUP.
5. CONE.
6. GREASE EAL
Figure 7-13. Nose Wheel Assembly (B. F. Goodrich,3-1076)
CAUTION
Do not pry between the wheel flange and tire bead with sharp
tools, as this could damage the wheel and tire.
h. Remove the self-locking nuts (16), flat washers (15), wheel bolts (10) and counterrsunk washers
( 11). Then separate the wheel sub-assemblies (5 and 6).
NOTE
Do not use power or impact wrenches to remove wheel bolts or

nuts.
NOTE
Bearing cups (4 and 7) are a shrink fit in the wheel sub-assembly

hubs (5 and 6) and should not be removed unless replacement is
necessary. (Refer to Paragraph 7-74 for removal procedures if
replacement is required.)

2F24
7-55. CLEANINGAND INSPECTIONOF MAINWHEELASSEMBLY.(GOODYEAR ,9544171-1).

a. Remove dirt and grease with a quick drying, cleaning solvent, Federal Specification P-D-680
(Stoddard solvent). A soft bristle brush may be used to removehardened grease,dust or dirt.
CAUTION
Quick drying cleaning solvents are toxic and volatile. Use in a
well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with skin or clothing. Do not
inhale the vapors.
b. Clean the bearing cones in a separate container of clean fluid. Then dry them thoroughly, using
filtered and dried compressedair.
NOTE
Do not spin bearingswith compressedair.
c. Inspect bearing cones for nicks, scratches, water staining, spalling,heat discoloration, roller wear,
cage damage, cracks or distortion. Replace if any of these conditions exist or if cones show signsof wear.
Repack bearing cones with clean bearinggrease,MIL-G-81322.
d. Wash the inboard bearingseal(9) in isopropyl alcohol and dry with a clean, soft cloth.
e. Visuallyinspect all parts for cracks,distortion, defects and excessivewear.
f. Inspect inboard bearing seal (9) for wear or damage to sealing lip or to metal reinforcing ring.
Replaceif damagedor deformed.
g. Inspect wheel sub-assemblies(5 and 6) for cracks, corrosion or other damage. Crackedor badly
corroded casting should be replaced.Particularattention should be giventhe underside of the tubewell area
for cracks or potential cracks, paying particular attention to the area from the bead seat radius to the end
of the toe of the tire. Small nicks, scratches, or pits in the castings should be blended out with fine
(320-360 grit) wet-or-dryaluminum oxide cloth.
h. Check bearing cups (4 and 7) for tightness, scratches, pitting, corrosion, or evidence of
overheating.If any of the defects exists, replace the cup in accordancewith Paragraph 7-56, step a.
Reissued:2/6/81 LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM

2G1
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
1. RING, RETAINING 4. SEAL, INBOARD BEARING

2. CAP, HUB 10. BOLT, WHEEL
3. CONE, BEARING 11. WASHER, COUNTERSUNK
4. CUP, BEARING KEYWAY LINERS
12.
7. CUP, BEARING
8. CONE, BEARING 16.. LOCKNUT
Figure 7-14. Main WheelAssembly (Goodyear, 9544171-1)

i. Inspect valve stem hole of outboard wheel assembly(5) for cracksor corrosion. Replacecracked
assembly. Pits, nicks, or corrosion may be polished out with fine (320-360 grit) aluminum oxide cloth,
wet-or-dry.
j. Inspect wheel bolts (10). Carefully check for cracks in radius under bolt head and in first two
threads adjacent to the bolt shank. Replacecracked bolts.
NOTE
No refinishing of bolts is permissible.
k. Check self-locking nuts (16) for self-locking feature. Replace if nut can be turned onto bolt with
finger pressure.
l. Inspect keyway liners (12) on inboard wheel sub-assembly (6) for wear. If distance between
surfaces of liners across any tang slot of inboard wheel sub-assembly exceeds 0.620 of an inch, drill out
rivets and replace liners in accordance with instructions given in Paragraph 7-56, step b.
m. Inspect keyway liners for tightness. If loose, either tighten or replace rivets.
7-56. REPAIR OF MAIN WHEEL ASSEMBLY. (GOODYEAR, 9544171-1). Repairs to the main wheel
assembly are limited to blending out small nicks. scratches, gouges and areas of slight corrosion. plus the
replacement of parts which are cracked or badly corroded.
NOTE
Corrosion originates at points where the protective wheel coating

is ruptured. All traces of corrosion and residue must be removed
before wheel halves are treated and repainted. (Corrosion residue
accelerates the corrosion process.)

Reissued: 2/6/81 2G2
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
a. BearingCup Replacement:
1. Removal:
(a) Heat wheel sub-assembly in boiling water for one hour, or in oven not exceeding
250' F ( 121 C) for 30 minutes.
(b) Removesub-assemblyfrom source of heat and remove bearingcup.
NOTE
The bearing cup should be loose enough to fall out of the bearing
bore after heating the wheel sub-assemblyand inverting it. If the
cup does not drop out, tap it evenly from the bore with a fiber
drift pin.
2. Installation:
(a) Place wheel sub-assemblyin boiling water for one hour, or in an oven not exceeding
250'F (121'C) for 30 minutes. Chill the bearingcup on dry ice.
(b) Removewheel half from source of heat, and dry chilled bearingcup thoroughly. Coat
contacting surfaces of cup with zinc chromate primer or paste.
(c) Install the chilled bearing cup into the heated wheel sub-assemblyand tap into place
evenlywith a fiber drift pin.
NOTE
The bearing cup should be installed while the primer or paste is
still wet.
b. Keyway Liner Replacement:
1. Removal:
(a) Center punch keyway liner rivet head on insideof wheel flangeand drill out rivet head
using a 0.109 drill.
CAUTION
Ascertain that the punch mark is centered on the rivet and that
the wheel is not damaged by the drill. Avoid enlargingrivet holes
in wheelflange.
(b) Punch out the rivet shank and remove the slot shield (13) and keyway liner (12).
NOTE
Inspect area under keyway liner for corrosion. Blendout corrosion
pits to 0.010 of an inch deep and retreat reworked areas in
accordancewith Paragraph 7-57. step a.

2G3
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
2. Installation:
(a) Position the new liner (12) on the inboard wheel sub-assemblywith the tab extension
on ends of liner towards the center line of the wheel. The edge of the liner should be
flush with the outer edge of the wheel.
(b) Place the slot shield (13) over the keyway of the wheel assemblyand install rivet (14)
through the wheel flange,keyway liner and slot shield.
NOTE
Shop (peened) head of rivet must be on the outside of slot shield.

Chamfered head of rivet must be installed in countersink in wheel
flange.
(c) Support the rivet head solidly and peen the end of the rivet.
7-57. ASSEMBLYAND INSTALLATIONOF MAINWHEEL.(GOODYEAR, 9544171-1).

a. Retreating and Repainting:
1. Thoroughly clean repaired surfaces and areas of the wheel from which paint has been
removed.
2. Treat the cleaned surfaces with Dow No. 1 solution, Specification MIL-M-3171,and paint
with two coats of zinc chromate primer, Specification MIL-P-8585and two coats of aluminum lacquer,
Specification TT-L-32.
NOTE
Never paint working surfaces of bearing cups. Wheel register

surfaces and bolt bosses should receive one mist coat of zinc
chromate primer only.
b. Place the outboard wheel sub-assembly(5) on a clean, flat surface.
c. Use a lint-free cloth dampened with isopropyl alcohol to clean tire beads, wheel flangebead seat,
and wheel register areas.
d. Inflate the inner tube just enough to round it out, and place it in the tire with the yellow stripe
on the base of the inner tube at the red dot on the tire.
NOTE
Both the yellow stripe on the tube and the red dot on the tire
must be mated to bring the tire and tube into proper balance.
e. Install the tire and tube on the outboard wheelsub-assembly(5), and insert the valvethrough the
valvehole. Try to keep the tube below the wheel half mating edge.
f. Position the inboard wheel sub-assembly(6) in the tire and align the bolt holes with those in the
outboard wheel sub-assembly(5). Be careful during this operation not to pinch the tube between the wheel
sections.
g. Install the countersunk washers (11) on the bolts (10) with the washer countersink facing the
bolt head. Install the bolt with washer through the inboard sub-assembly(6) and outboard sub-assembly
(5).
h. Install the flat washer (15) and self-locking nut (16) on the bolt (10). Tighten the nuts in
increments of 20 inch-poundsto a final torque of 120 inch-pounds.
LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM

Reissued:2/6/81 2G4
TABLE VII-I. INSPECTION LIMITS (GOODYEAR, 9544171-1)

Part
(Refer to Figure 7-14) Defect Remedy
Wheel Sub-assem- Small nicks, scratches, Blend out and polish

blies (5 and 6). gougesand areasof with fine (400 grit)
slightcorrosion to wet-or-dry sandpaper.
a depth of 0.015 inch.
Bearing cones (3) Scratches, nicks, cor- Replace.
and (8) bearing rosion, or evidence of
cups (4 and 7.) wear or overheating.
Inboard bearing Cuts, wear, cracks, Replace.

seal (9). or distortion.
Wheel bolts (10). Cracks or deep nicks Replace.

in thread or shank.
Keyway Liners (12). Cracked or badly worn. Replace.
CAUTION
Applying uneven torque to nuts may cause bolt fatigue. Do not

use impact or power wrenches on wheel bolts or nuts.
i. Inflate the tire just enough to seat the tire beads against the wheel flanges.
j. Remove the valve core and allow the tire to deflate completely to allow the tube to equalize
within the tire.
k. Install the valve core and inflate the tire to 20 psi. Do not inflate the tire to full operating
pressure until the wheel is mounted on the aircraft.
l. If not already accomplished, pack the bearing cones (3 and 8) and coat the bearing cups (4 and 7)
and lips of the inboard bearing seal (9) with clean bearing grease, Specification MIL-G-81322.
NOTE
Apply grease sparingly but thoroughly. Do not overlubricate.
m. Install bearing cones and inboard bearing seal (9) in the wheel assembly, being careful that the
seal is properly seated against the bearing cup (7).
CAUTION
Exercise care when installing the wheel assembly on the airplane

so as not to damage the bearing cones and bearing seal.
n. Install the axle nut and adjust the bearing. For proper seating of the bearings, rotate the wheel in
the forward direction while torquing the axle nut.
o. Torque the axle nut to 80 inch-pounds; then back off the nut to 0 inch-pounds and retorque to
40 inch-pounds. If the cotter pin cannot be installed, it is permissible to advance the axle nut (not more
than 30 degrees) to install the cotter pin.
p. Upon completion, install hubcap (2) and retaining ring (1).
Reissued: 2/6/81
2G5
7-58. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF MAIN WHEEL (CLEVELAND. 40-106/40-106A). (Refer

to Figure 7-15.) The following Paragraphs 7-58 thru 7-60 pertains to Cleveland Wheel.
b. Remove the wheel cover from the outer wheel (Cleveland 40-106A).
c. To remove the main wheels, remove the bolts that join brake cylinder and lining back plate
assemblies.
d. Remove the brake assembly.
e. Remove the snap ring (9) that secures the axle hub cap (13). Remove the cotter pin and axle nut.
Slide the wheel off the axle.
f. The wheel may be disassembled by removing the valve core and completely deflating the tire.
Break tire bead from wheel by using a mallet. Remove the wheel through bolts (10). Separate the wheel
halves from the tire by-removing the-wheel half opposite the valve stem first and then the other half.
CAUTION
Do not pry between the wheel flange and tire bead with sharp
tools, as this could damage the wheel and tire.
g. Remove the bearing cone (6) by removing snap ring (9) securing the grease seal (8) and seal
retainers (7). The bearing cup (5) should be removed only for replacement. See Paragraph 7-60 for bearing
cup replacement instructions.
7-59. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF MAIN WHEEL ASSEMBLY (CLEVELAND, 40-106 40-106A).
(Refer to the latest revision of Piper Service Bulletin No. 767 for information on the replacement of certain
Cleveland 40-106 wheels.) Inspect brake disc for cracks, excessive wear or scoring, rust. corrosion and
warpage.
Repairs are limited to blending out small nicks, scratches, gouges and areas of slight corrosion. plus the
replacement of parts which are cracked or badly corroded.
NOTE
Remove rust and blend out small nicks, using fine 400 grit
sandpaper.
Wheels may also be repainted if the parts have been repaired and thoroughly cleaned. Paint exposed areas
with one coat zinc chromate primer and one coat of aluminum lacquer.
NOTE
Never paint working surfaces of the bearing cups.
a. Bearing Cup Replacement:

1. Removal:
(a) Insert wheel half into boiling water for 15 minutes or place in an oven not exceeding
149°C (300° F) for 30 minutes.
(b) Remove from source of heat and invert wheel half. If the cup does not drop out, tap
the cup evenly from the axle bore with a fiber drift pin or suitable arbor press.
2. Installation:
(a) To replace a new cup apply one coat of zinc chromate primer to wheel half bearing bore.
(b) Insert wheel half into boiling water for 15 minutes or place in an oven not exceeding
149°C (300° F) for 30 minutes. Chill new bearing cup in dry ice for a minimum of 15
minutes.
Revised: 1/5/84 2G6 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2G6
(c) Remove wheel half from source of heat and bearing cup from the dry ice. Install the
chilled bearing cup into the bearing bore of the heated wheel half. Tap gently to seat
evenly in place. using a fiber drift pin or suitable arbor press.
7-60 ASSEMBLYAND INSTALLATION OF MAIN WHEEL(CLEVELAND.40-106 40-106A). (Refer

to Figure 7-15.)
a. Ascertain that the bearing cup (5) in each wheel half (I and 2) is fully seated in the wheel housing.
Lubricate the bearing cones (6) per lubrication chart in Section II. Install cone. grease seal retainer(7). grease
seal felt (8). and snap ring (9) into the proper wheel halves.
b. Inflate the tube sufficiently to round it out. Install tube into tire so that balance mark (yellow or
white band) is radially aligned with the tire balance mark (red dot).
c. Place outer wheel half (1) into tire and pull tube valve stem through valve hole. Turn tire and
outer wheel half (2) over and place the spacer (3) and inner wheel half into position and align the bolt holes
with the outer wheel half and the brake disc. Install bolts through the brake disc and inner wheel half and
washers and nuts on the outer wheel half. Torque wheel nuts per recommended torque valve on name plate
of wheel.
d. Inflate tire to recommended operating pressure per Table 11-1.
e. Place the wheel on the axle and install axle nut. While rotating wheel. tighten axle nut to 40 inch-
pounds then back off to 0 inch-pounds. Then. while rotating wheel. tighten axle nut to 20 inch-pounds. If slot
in nut and hole in axle do not align at this point. rotate nut (tightening or loosening) until nearest possible
alignment is reached. Safety nut with a new cotter pin and install the hub cap (13). securing with snap ring (9).
f. Install the brake assembly by installing the brake cylinder on the torque plate. positioning the
spacer. lining back plate. and installing the bolts securing assembly. If the brake line was disconnected.
reconnect and bleed brakes.
g. Reinstall wheel cover (40-106A).
TORQUE
150 IN.LBS
1 WHEEL HALF. OUTER

2 WHEEL HALF. INNER
3 SPACER
4 BRAKE DISC
5 CUP BEARING
7 RETAINER GREASE SEAL

8 GREASE SEAL
9 SNAP RING
10 BOLT
11 WASHER
12 NUT
13 HUB CAP
14 WHEEL COVER (40-106A)
Figure 7-15 Main Wheel Assembly (Cleveland. 40-106 and 40-106A)

2G7
7-61. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF MAIN WHEEL (B.F. GOODRICH, 3-1392and 3-1424).
(Refer to Figure 7-16.) The followingParagraphs 7-61 thru 7-64 pertains to B.F. Goodrich Wheels.
b. Deflate the tire and remove the valve core from the valve stem.
c. Remove the wire retaining ring (14), hub cap (15), cotter pin and axle nut.
d. Remove the wheel assemblyfrom the axle.
CAUTION
Usecare during removal of wheelfrom the axle to avoiddamage to

the bearing cones (9) and inboard bearing seal (13).
e. Remove the outboard bearingcone (9) and setaside.
f. Remove the inboard bearing cone (9) and inboard bearing seal (13) from axle.
g. Break the tire beads free of both wheel flanges using a mallet, bead breaker, pneumatic tire dis-
mounter, or other non-metallicinstrument. Apply pressurearound the entire sidewallas closeto the tire beads
as possible.
CAUTION
Do not pry betweenthe wheelflange and tire bead with sharp tools,
as this could damage the wheel and tire.
NOTE
Do not use power or impactwrenchesto removewheelbolts or nuts.

h. Removethe self-lockingnuts (1), washers( 7) and bolts (16).The wheelsub-assemblies(2 and 4) can
now be separated.
i. On tubeless tires only, if the wheel halve packing O-ring (11) is to be reused, mark position to re-
install as closelyas possible then remove and place on a clean sheet of paper for cleaning packing(11) and
sleeve(12).
NOTE
Lockwire screws(7) and torque keys (6) should only be removed if

excessively worn, cracked, loose or if wheel half (4) is to be
fluorescent penetrant inspected. (Refer to Paagraph 7-63.)
j. To removethe bearing cups(3 and 5), heat the wheelsas explainedin Paragraph 7-63and drivethem
out of their wheel halves with a non-ferrus soft metal or non-metallicdrift pin. If possible, an arbor press
should be used.
NOTE
Bearingcups (3 and 5) are a pressfit in the wheelsub-assemblyhubs

(2 and 4) and should not be removedunlessreplacementis necessary
or paint is to be chemicallyremoved from wheel half.
k. On tubeless tires only, remove valve stem (10) from outer wheel half assembly (2).
l. Remove and discard rubber grommet from valve stem.

2G8
13
16 (SEE VIEW B) SCREW 3 15 14

LOCK WIRE (MS2099C32)
1. SELF-LOCKINGNUT
2. WHEEL HALF- OUTER
3. BEARING CUP VIEW A
4 WHEEL HALF - INNER
5. BEARING CUP
6. TORQUE KEY
7 TORQUE KEYRETAINING SCREWS(SEE VIEW A) INNER WHEEL HALF TORQUE KEY
8 HELI COIL
9 BEARING CONE
10 SCHRADERVALVE (USED IF TUBELESS
TIRES ARE INSTALLED)
11 PACKING RING (USED IF TUBELESS
TIRES ARE INSTALLED)
12 SLEEVE
13 INNER GREASESEAL (68-920)
VIEW B
14 RETAININGRING
15. HUB CAP
16 TIE BOLT
17. WASHER
APPLY MIL-T-5544 COMPOUND

TO THESE SURFACES
NOTE
At each tire change, visually inspect wheel halves for corrosion, noting especially bead seat area (tire
contact surface) and tie bolt holes Corrosion may be removed with 400 grit emery cloth and touched up with
Dow No 19 solution or equivalent Prime all treated areas with one coat of urethane primer Bare
magnesium is silver in color The protective finish put on wheel halves at the factory is gold colored (Dow
No 7or Iridite No 15) If corrosion cannot be removed by sanding down to bare metal within limits specified
in Figure 7-17. wheel half should be taken out of service.
Figure 7-16. B.F. Goodrich Main Wheel Installation (3-1392 and 3-1424)
Revised:2/15/82 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2G9
7-62. CLEANING AND INSPECTION OF MAIN WHEEL ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH, 3-1392and
3-1424).
a. Clean all metal parts in dry cleaning solvent or equivalent. Dry with low pressure compressed air.
CAUTION
Do not use cleaning solvents to clean rubber parts. Also, do not spin
dry bearings or handle with bare hands.
b. Wipe grease seal (13), packing (11) if installed and sleeve (12) with a clean, dry cloth.
c. Wash bearing cones (9) in uncontaminated cleaning solvent. Manually rotate bearing cage while
submerged in cleaning solution. Dry bearing cones.
d. Visually-inspect-bearing-surfacesof-bearing-cups (3and-5),-and-bearing-cones-(9)-for-scratches,-
pitting, corrosion, and tempering discoloration.
e. If it is felt necessary to remove the painted surface, make sure the process used does not remove
magnesium surface treatment. Use either an abrasive method or chemical stripper not harmful to magnesium.
Both methods of paint stripping are as follows:
NOTE
Avoid removing surface treatment under paint.
1. Abrasive blasting using ground walnut hulls, per specification MIL-G-5634, Type II or III is
recommended. This method will not remove surface treatment and does not require masking or removal of
bearing cup.
2. Paint can be stripped from wheel halves using solvent paint and lacquer stripper (A-127-8)
(Allied Kelite Chemical Co., 2400 East Devon Ave., Des Plaines, Illinois 60018). Commercial paint strippers
not harmful to magnesium may be used.
CAUTION
Use paint strippers in a well ventilated area and avoid prolonged

inhalation of fumes.
CAUTION
Remove or mask bearing cup prior to paint stripping the wheel half.
3. Thoroughly rinse stripping compound off parts with clean, cold water.
4. Dry parts with low pressure compressed air.
f. Inspect wheel halves, tie bolts, and any other necessary hardware for cracks, adverse distortion, and
corrosion. The following procedure should be accomplished after the fifth and third subsequent tire change,
for a total of twenty tire changes and at each tire change thereafter.
NOTE
It is not necessary to strip paint to dye-check or flourescent

penetrant inspected parts.
Revised:2/15/82 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2G10
CAUTION
Tie bolts (16) and torque keys (6) may be satisfactory inspected with
plating intact. No stripping procedures are recommended due to
danger of hydrogen embrittlement.
1. Magnetic particle inspect each tie bolt (16) and torque key (6) per MIL-1-6870 (longitudinal
magnetization) for fatigue and crack indications. Replace as necessary and especially any torque key cracked,
broken, or worn to a thickness of less than .060 of an inch.
NOTE
Because dye checking may stain the wheel it should only be used in
the tubewell, especially the bead seat radius where the tire bead heels
contact the wheel.
2. Inspect with dye check or fluorescent penetrant the bead seats, tubewell, and especially the web
junction areas of the wheel halves (2 and 4).
g. Inspect packing (11) if installed, bearing grease seal (13), and sleeve (12) for pits, cuts and other
defects. Replace as necessary.
h. Bearing cages must be free from damage, distortion, and undue wear in roller pockets.
i. Check cups (3 and 5) for loose fit in wheel hubs (press fit required).
j. Wheel halves that have been overheated shall be inspected for Brinell hardness. Wheel halves with
hardness values under 60 BHM shall be replaced.
7-63. REPAIR OF MAIN WHEEL ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH, 3-1392 and 3-1424). Repair to the
main wheel assembly are limited to blending out small nicks, scratches, gouges and areas of slight corrosion,
plus the replacement of parts which are cracked or badly corroded.
NOTE
Remove rust and blend out small nicks, using fine 400 grit
sandpaper.
a. Surface damage on wheel halves can be repaired as follows:

1. Blend damage area over an area of 1/2 inch to I inch around damage. Blended surface should
be smooth as is possible to obtain with fine (400 grit) emery cloth and free from any abrupt changes in contour.
2. Repair can be made to both sides of a section. DO NOT exceed the combined total removal
limit of both sides.
3. Repairs can be made adjacent to each other. Blended areas must not touch or any one blended
area can not exceed 3-inches in length.
4. Repair tie bolt holes and faces in accordance with restrictions established in Figure 7-17.
5. Repair damaged O-ring groove, wheel half mating surfaces, and torque key slots (areas G and
F on Figure 7-17) with Metalset A-4 or Devcon Aluminum filled epoxy, as follows:
NOTE
Metalset A-4 is available from Smooth-On Inc., 1000 Valley Road,

Gillette. New Jersey 07933. Devcon Aluminum Filled Epoxy (Putty-
type Devcon F) is available from Decon Corp., Danvers, Mass.
01923.

2Gll
NOTE
FORDETAILED REPAIR PROCEDURES REFER TO B F G MANUAL
L
TYPE REMOVAL LIMIT ON MAX. DISCREPANCY
REPAIR OVERHAUL SECTION THICKNESS ALLOWED AFTER REPAIR
A Blend 0.020 below original surface None after blending
B Blend 0.10 below original surface None after blending
C Ream and radius Max. dimensions shown Fretting
D Blend 0.030 below original surface None after blending
E Blend 0.040 below original surface Dents or gouges

0.020 Inch allowed
after blending
F Metalset A4 per 0.040 for clean-up and return None after rework-
B.F.G. Manual to original surface slot width to be
0.745 to 0.760 after rework.
G Metalset A4 per 0.020 below original surface None after blending

B.F G. Manual
Figure 7-17. B.F. Goodrich Wheel Repair Limits (3-1392 and 3-1424)

2G12
(a) With a hand file blend damaged area to provide a minimum patching surface of 1/16inch
square.
NOTE
Maximum patching surface width of O-ring groove x 2 inches long

or 1/4 inch x 2 inches long on wheel half mating surfaces.
(b) Remove all surface treatment, dirt, and other contaminants from damaged area.
Thoroughly clean with thinner or alcohol.
(c) Thoroughly blend Metalset or Devcon per instructions on respective labels, and apply to
reworked areas. Let harden.
(d) After hardening, blend and smooth surfaces to original configuration with a hand file and
finish with fine (400 grit) emery cloth.
b. Retreating and repainting can be accomplish as follow:
1. If Iridite No. 15 or Dow No. 7 surface treatment has been removed from the wheel halves,
prepare for painting as follows:
(a) Apply chromic acid etch solution (Dow No. 1)by brushing, dipping, spraying, or with a
pad. Solution will complete its action in two minutes. Rinse off with cold water.
NOTE
Dow No. I Chromic Acid Etch Solution formula:

Chromic Acid: I lb.
Nitric Acid (1.4 sp. gr.): 0.9 pint (426CC:13 lb.)
Water: To make one gallon of solution.
(b) Apply Dow No. 19 surface treatment using application procedure in step (a.) above.
NOTE
Dow No. 19 Solution Formula:

Chromic Acid: 1-1/13 oz.
Calcium Sulfate: I oz.
Water: To make one gallon of solution.
NOTE
Solutions described in the above NOTES can be safely stored in

containers made of glass, stainless steel, aluminum, vinyl,
polyethylene, or rubber lined tanks.
(c) After surface treatment, thoroughly air dry parts. DO NOT touch treated surfaces until
completely dry.
c. Bearing Cup Replacement:
1. Removal:
(a) Insert wheel half into boiling water or place in an oven not exceeding 80°C (150°F)
maximum for 20 minutes.
(b) Remove from source of heat and invert wheel half. If the cup does not drop out, tap the
cup evenly from the axle bore with a fiber drift pin or suitable arbor press.
Reissued: 2/6/81 2G 3 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2. Installation:
(a) Chill new bearing cup in dry ice to -18°C (0°F).
(b) Remove wheel half from source of heat and spray bearing bore with a light coat of zinc
chromate primer before installing cup to prevent corrosion.
(c) Install the chilled bearing cup into the bearing bore of the heated wheel half, taking care
to align cup for proper seating in bore.
(d) Tap gently to seat cup evenly in place, using a fiber drift pin or suitable arbor press.
NOTE
If cup cocks or hangs up during seating, immediatelystop press and

-remove-cup-from-bore. Repeat previous steps.
NOTE
Always support bearing bore area while seating cup.
d. Wheel Half Finish Treatment:

1. Ascertain that all repaired areas are surface treated per Step b, I above.
2. Clean all surfaces to be painted by vapor degreasingor by wiping with solvent on a lint free
cloth.
3. Prior to painting mask bearing cups and valve port.
4. Apply one coat primer, AA-92-Y-43to all prepared surfaces. Allow to air dry a minimum of
four hours.
5. Install used or new torque keysand screws,and lockwirein sets of two as shownin Figure 7-16.
6. Mask all areas not to be painted with urethane coating.
7. Apply two coats of urethane to all surfaces, except register surfaces and mating surfaces,
before assembly. Allow four hours elapsed time between overcoats.
7-64. ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION OF MAIN WHEEL (B.F. GOODRICH, 3-1392and 3-1424).
(Refer to Figure 7-16.)
a. If bearing cups (3 and 5) have been previously removed, reinstall the bearing cups (3 and 5) in
accordance with instructions given in Paragraph 7-63.
b. If valve assembly(10)is installed,install a new grommet on the valveassembly,then install the tire
valve assembly (10) in outer wheel half assembly (2). Ascertain that grommet is properly seated before
torquing valve stem to 35 to 65 inch pounds.
NOTE
Ascertain that screws (7) which secure torque keys (6) have been
lockwiredas shown in Figure 7-16.
c. Apply a thin layer of grease per specificationMIL-G-3545,to packing (11) if installed and install
the lubricated performed packing (11) in seal groove on inner wheel half assembly (4).
d. Install outer wheelhalf assembly(2) in tire, making sure red dot on tire bead isadjacent to tire valve
assembly(10) installed in wheel half.
e. Place on a clean work surface the outer wheelhalf assembly(2) with the outer flange of wheelhalf
down. On ID register, mark location of stamped L indicating lightside with a piece of chalk.
Revised: 2/15/82 2G14 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2G14
f. Position sleeve (12) in ID register of outer wheel half assembly (2).

g. Lubricate washers (17) and threads of bolts (16) with anti-seize compound per specification
MIL-T-5544, then place washers (17) on tie bolts(16) and install bolts through tie bolt holes in inner wheel half
assembly (4).
h. Align inner wheel half over outer wheel half so light sides (L stamp on outer flange of both wheel
halves) are approximately 180° apart, and ID register of inner wheel half align with sleeve (12). Tie bolts (16)
must align with bolt holes in outer wheel half.
i. Lift wheel and tire assembly up to vertical position ascertain that sleeve (12) has properly seated in
hub ID register.
j. Lubricate washers (17) and nuts (1) with anti-seize compound per specification MIL-T-5544, and
then install washers (17) and nuts (1) on tie bolts (16).
k. Tighten tie bolts (16) in a criss-cross sequence to 143 to 158 inch pounds using a wrench on bolt and
turning the nut to tighten.
l. Using a preset hand torque wrench, final torque nuts (1) to 190 to 210 inch pounds.
NOTE
DO NOT inflate tire until all tie bolts are installed and properly
tightened.
m. Pack bearing cones (9) and bearing cups (3 and 5) with grease per specification. MIL-G-3545.
Ascertain that there is ample grease in and around rollers and cage.
n. Apply a thin coat of wheel bearing grease to axle, axle threads and axle nut threads.
o. On axle install grease seal (13), inboard bearing cone (9). wheel and tire assembly and outboard
bearing cone (9).
p. Check for proper engagement of brake disk lugs in slots in flange of inner wheel half assembly (4).
q. While rotating wheel, tighten axle nut to 50 foot pounds torque to properly seat bearing cones.
Loosen axle nut to zero torque and while rotating wheel, retighten axle nut to 25 foot pounds torque.
NOTE
Check alignment of locking holes in axle nut and axle. If holes are
not aligned, continue to tighten axle nut until locking holes are
aligned.
r. Secure axle nut with cotter pin.

s. Install hub cap (15) over axle nut and secure to wheel with retaining ring( 14). Be sure retaining ring
(14) completely engages groove in bore of wheel.
t. Remove airplane from jacks.
7-65. BRAKE SYSTEM (GOODYEAR,5002376). The following Paragraphs 7-65 thru 7-71 pertain to
Goodyear brakes.
7-66. DESCRIPTION. These brakes are hydraulically operated, tri-metallic type, consisting of two rotating
discs, a stationary disc, pressure plate, back plate, torque tube, snow shield and brake housing. Six pistons
are contained in cylinders in the brake housing.
Reissued: 2/6/81
2G15
7-67. BRAKE WEAR CHECK (GOODYEAR 5002376). (Refer to Figure 7-18.)

a. Apply and release the brakes twice, then apply the parking brake.
b. Using the small hole or four slots in the snow shield (16). measure the distance from the inside
surface of the snow shield to the back of the pressure plate (8). note the dimension.
NOTE
A simple modification to the snow shield will simplify the wear-

check. Refer to Figure 7-21 for modification details. Compliance
with this modification does not alter the FAA TSO conformance.
c. Release the parking brake and rotate the wheel 120 degrees and recheck in accordance with Step
"b."Peform this step again to obtain dimensions from three-different wheel-positions note the-dimensions.
(Wheels with modified snow shields need not be rotated.)
d. When the dimensions obtained are 0.278 of an inch or more at any given check, remove the brake
assembly for overhaul.
7-68. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF BRAKE SYSTEM (GOODYEAR. 5002376). Refer to Figure
7-18.)
b. Remove the main wheel assembly in accordance with Paragraph 7-54.
c. Disconnect and cap the hydraulic brake line at the brake assembly and remove the six bolts
securing the brake assembly to the landing gear strut.
d. Place the brake assembly with the housing down on a clean flat surface.
e. Remove the six self-locking nuts (2). bolts (3), and countersunk washers (4) holding the
assembly.
NOTE
Do not use impact or power wrenches to remove the brake bolts

or nuts.
f. Remove the back plate (5). rotating discs (6), stationary disc (7). pressure plate (8). torque tube
(17). and snow shield (16) from the brake housing sub-assembly (15).
g. Remove the bleeder valve (12) from the bleeder adapter (13).
h. Remove the piston insulators (9) from the pistons (10).
i. Remove the pistons (10) and O-rings packings (11) from the cylinder cavities in the housing
sub-assembly (15).
j. Unscrew the bleeder adapter (13) from the housing sub-assembly (15) and remove the O-ring
packing (14). completing the disassembly.
7-69. CLEANING AND INSPECTION OF BRAKE ASSEMBLY (GOODYEAR. 5002376). Refer to

Figure 7-18.)
a. Clean all metal parts of the brake assembly except the rotating discs (6) in dry cleaning solution.
Federal Specification P-D-680 (Stoddard solvent), and dry with filtered compressed air. A soft bristle brush
may be used when necessary.

2G16
NOTE: An alternate piston is

provided in place of piston
5000077. Piston 5004775
Figure 7-18. Wheel Brake Assembly (Goodyear,5002376)
CAUTION
Dry cleaning solvents are toxic and volatile. Use in a

well-ventilated area. Do not inhale the vapors and avoid contact
with skin or clothing.

Reissued: 2/6/81
2G17
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
b. Clean the rotating disc (6) with compressedair and a soft wire or stiff bristle brush.
c. Clean piston insulators (9) with denatured alcohol. Dry with compressedair or a clean cloth.
NOTE
New O-ring packings should be installed at each overhaul. If the

packings must be reused, they should be cleaned with denatured
alcohol and dried with a clean, soft cloth. Reinstallpackingsin the
same location from which they were removed.
d. Inspect all parts for cracks, nicks, scratches, damaged threads, or other damage called out in
Table VII-II, Inspection Limits
NOTE
Replace all parts which are cracked or have damaged threads.
7-70. REPAIROF BRAKEASSEMBLY.(GOODYEAR,5002376).

a. Replace all parts of the brake assemblywhich are cracked or worn in excess of the limits givenin
Table VII-II.
b. Pressureplate (8) and back plate (5) can be repaired in accordance with the followingsteps:
1. To remove the wear pads from either plate, drill out the shop heads of old rivets using a
0.218 inch drill and punching out the old rivets.
CAUTION
Exercise care to avoid damagingor enlargingthe rivet holes.
2. Before repadding either plate, inspect it for cracks using zyglo or dye-penetrant method.
Replace plates which are cracked or dished 0.015 inch or more.
3. Install new wear pads using the proper rivets and rivet tools shown in Figure 7-20. which
can be fabricated from dimensionsgivenby a local shop. Ascertain that the formed (shop) head of the rivet
is flush with or below the surface of the wear pad.
NOTE
After pad installation, check rivets for snugness. A slight

movement of wear pads is desirable. It should be determined that
a force of not less than 2 pounds or more than 100 pounds is
required to cause movementof pad.
A maximum of one crack is permitted in the shop head of a
tubular rivet, but it must not extend into the rivet shank. To
check rivets that appear unseated, insert a 0.015 inch feelergauge
between the disc and the pad. It should not slidepast the rivet.
4. After repadding, grind the wear padded sub-assemblyto the thickness as shown in Figure
7-22. This may require locating a local machine shop to accomplish.

2G18
274 SHADEDPORTIONINDICATES
AREAGROUNDFROM RIVET HEAD
TOTALRIVET HEADAREA
Figure 7-19. Rivet Head Grinding Limits (Goodyear,5002376)
NOTE
Wear pads must be ground flat to each other with assurance that
the minimum dimensions shown in Figure 7-23 are held. Not more
than 25 percent of the rivet head shall be removed by grinding.
c. Protective Coating: Treat newly ground back and pressure plates which are not being put into
immediate service as follows:
1. Degrease discs in a vapor degreaser to remove all oil and grinding residue.
2. Immerse disc in "Houghton's" Rust Veto 377 or equivalent. Use in the as-received condition
without dilution..Let discs drip and air dry for five minutes or more. Clean, compressed air may be used to
help speed drying time.
CAUTION
Rust Veto is highly flammable. Observe all fire precautions when

using this material.
d. Torque tube (17) repair is limited to blending out indentations in drive keys if they don't exceed
0.545 of an inch.
e. Housing (15) repairs are as follows:
1. Blend and polish out burrs, nicks, and scratches not deeper than 0.030 of an inch on the
outside of the housing with 320-360 grit (wet-or-dry) aluminum oxide cloth.

2G19
517
NOTES
1. MATERIAL - AISI TYPE SS HARDEN
TO ROCKWELL C404S AND GRIND.
2. TO BE USED ON ROUND-HEAD
RIVETS ONLY - STYLE GYIIB (1/4
DIA.).
3. FOR USE ON COMPRESSION
RIVETER - CHICAGO PNEUMATIC
TOOL CO. P/N 450.
-0.310 OIA + 0.001

0;000
0.100 O1A
ROUND-HEAD RIVET DRIVER 49S23-2
NOTES
1. MATERIAL - AISI TYPE S5
2. HEAT TREAT - ROCKWELL "C"
(4150O) AND POLISH CONTOUR
AREA FREE OF TOOL MARKS 5 TO
10 RMS AFTER HND 0.312
3. SERVICE - GYISA. GYIIB RIVETS
(SEMI-TUBULAR RIVETS)
4 EDGE OF FORMING TOOL MUST BE
ON CENTER LINE OF PEEN (AS
SHOWN WHEN FORMING CONTOUR
OF PEEN). (TOOL NO. 5T1-71219)
.3 10 DIA + 0.001
0.500 OIA - 0.000
DIA
VIEW A
SWAGING PEEN 49523-3
Figure 7-20. Fabricated Rivet Tools (Goodyear,5002376)
LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKEASSEMBLY

511
METALSTAMP"R 5000086"
4.44 RAD. IN 0.12 CHARACTERS
FULL RAD
TYP.
0.62 TYP
0.12 TYP
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Disassemble brakeassemblyper Paragraph7-68and removesnowshield.
2. Add four slotted holesto snow shieldas shownabove.Pilot drill and cut slots as required.No
specialtools required.
3. MetalstampR5000086in 0.12 inch charactersasshownabove.
4. Touch-upslotswith Aluminum LacquerSpecificationTT-L-32.
5. Reassemble brakeassemblyper Paragraph7-71
Figure 7-21. Snow Shield Modification (Goodyear,5002376)
ASSEMBLY
2G21
275
CURLING
Figure 7-22. Wear Pad - Wear Limits (Goodyear,5002376)
0.095 MIN.
0.251 MAX.
0.247 MIN.
PRESSUREPLATE
BACK PLATE
Figure 7-23. Limits for Repadded Pressure and Back Plates (Goodyear,5002376)
Reissued:2/6/81 LANDINGGEARANDBRAKESYSTEM
2G22
2. Blend and polish out scratches in piston cavitiesnot exceeding 0.003 of an inch deep with
fine 320-360 grit (wet-or-dry) aluminum oxide cloth. Alsoremove burrs and rough edges from seal grooves
to a 0.010 to 0.015 of an inch radius with 320-360 grit (wet-or-dry)aluminum oxide cloth.
f. Piston (10) repairs consistsof blendingout and polishingscratches,nicks, and burrs on edges and
seal contacting surfaces of the piston to 0.003 of an inch deep. Blend repairs to avoid local indentation of
piston seal surfaces. Replace pistons damaged deeper than 0.003 of an inch. Also, replace, if found on
Goodyear piston part number 5004775signs of scratchesor corrosion whichhave penetratedthrough anodic
hardcoat to the base metal. Retreat pistons as follows:
1. After repairing Goodyear piston part number 5000077 retreat the reworked areas with
Dichromate solution MIL-M-3171Type VI.
2. After repairing Goodyear piston part number 5004775retreat the reworked areas with a
chemical film solution MIL-C-5541(Alodine 1200,or equivalent).
g. Retreating and RepaintingHousing,proceed as follows:
1. Rinse reworked areas with hot water and dry thoroughly with filtered, dried compressedair.
2. Re-treat reworked areaswith Dow No. 1solution MIL-M-3171,Type I.
3. Repaint reworked areas with two coats of zinc chromate primer, SpecificationMIL-P-8585,
and two coats of aluminumlacquer. SpecificationTT-L-32.
7-71. ASSEMBLYAND INSTALLATION OF BRAKEASSEMBLY(GOODYEAR,5002376).(Refer to
Figure 7-18.)
a. Lubricate the piston O-ringpacking (1 1), piston cylinder walls, and cylinder contacting surfaces
of the piston (10) with hydraulic fluid MIL-H-5606.
CAUTION
Assemblebrake parts with care to avoid damaging.
b. Install lubricated piston packings (I11) in packing grooves in cylinders in brake housing, being
careful not to stretch or twist packings.
c. Install insulator (9) in recess in pistons and install pistons in cylinders in housing (15). Bottom
the pistons in the cylinders.
CAUTION
To avoid damaging or displacing O-ring packings during piston
installation, a slight twistingof the piston will aid installation.
d. Lubricate the threads of the adapter (13) and O-ring packing (14) with a light coat of hydraulic
fluid MIL-H-5606.Install the packingon the bleeder adapter and screw the adapter into the bleeder port in
the housing (15) and tighten.
NOTE
Both the inlet and bleeder ports on the housing are identical to
permit mounting the brake on either side of the airplane.
e. Screw the bleeder valve(12) into the bleeder adapter (13).
f. Install washers (4) on brake bolts (3) with the countersink facing the bolt head, and install bolts
through bolt holes in the housing (15).
Reissued:2/6/81
LANDING
BRAKE GEAR
SYSTEM
AND
2G23
277
SHOULD BE REPLACED. STILL SERVICEABLE
MORE THAN 25%OF LESSTHAN 25%OF
MIX MISSIN. SEE NOTE. MIX MISSING. SEE NOTE.
CHIPS
NOTE
AS MUCH AS 25% OF MIX MAYBE

LOST THROUGH CHIPPING,
PROVIDED MIX LOSS IS
SCATTERED.
Figure 7-24. Brake Disc Visual Check for Serviceable Limits (Goodyear,5002376)
CAUTION
Washer countersink must face the bolt head or bolt failure may
result.
g. Place the brake housing (15), with bolt in bolt holes, on a clean flat surface with the pistons
facing up.
h. Install the snow shield (16) over the brake bolts (3) and againstthe brake housing(15). The rim
flange of the snow shield must be toward the brake stack and the cut out portion must be located between
the open arms of the housing (15).
i. Place the torque tube (17) over the brake bolts with the open end of torque tube toward the
housing and against the snow shield.
j. Install the pressure plate (8) with the wear pads up, over the torque tube with the thin section of
the pressure plate located at the top of the housingbetween the open housingarms.
k. Install one rotating disc (6) over the torque tube.
1. Install the stationary disc (7) on the torque tube with torque tube keys in key slots in the disc.
Place the second rotating disc (6) on the stationary disc (7).
m. Install the back plate (5), with wear pads down, on the torque tube with bolts through bolt holes
in the back plate.
n. Install self-locking nuts (2) on brake bolts (3). Draw nuts up evenly and torque to 120
inch-pounds.
CAUTION
Do not use impact or power wrenches to install or tighten brake

bolt nuts.

2G24
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLE VII-II. INSPECTION LIMITS (GOODYEAR.5002376)
PART DEFECT REMEDY

(Refer to Figure 7-18)
Rotating Discs(6) Relief slot terminal Replace.

holes and drive tang
radii cracked.
Wear,minimum thick- Replace.
nessacross unchipped
mix of 0.148 inch or
worn to 0.010 inch at
any location on either
face of disc.
NOTE
As much as 25 percent of mix may be lost through chipping,
provided the mix loss is scattered. (Refer to Figure 7-24.)
Dishingof discsin Replace.

excess of 0.030 inch.
Discswhich are 0.125 Replace.
inch or more out of
round.
Battered tangs which Replace.
are lessthan 0.615
inch in width.
Shrunken discs with an Replace.
insidediameter of less
than 7.79 inches.
PressurePlate (8) Key-slotcorners Replace.

cracked.
Worn to 0.225 inch Replace.
or lessbetween wear
pad rivets.

2H1
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPER CHEYENNE
TABLE VII-II. INSPECTION LIMITS (GOODYEAR,5002376)(cont.)
PART DEFECT REMEDY

PressurePlate (8) Sheared rivetsor Replaceall wear pads

(cont.) cracked wear pads and in accordancewith Para-
worn to 2.75 inches graph 7-70.
as shown in Figure
7-22.
Key-slot width is less Replace.
than 0.615 inch or
greater than 0.640
inch.
Dished 0.030 inch or Replace plate.
more.
Out of round 0.120 inch Replaceplate.
or more.
Torque Tube (17) Cracked torque tube. Replace.
Key width is 0.545 inch Replace.

or less at any point on
key.
BrakeHousing(15) Cracked housing. Replace.
Stripped or badly Replace.

damaged threads in
inlet and bleeder
bosses.
Cylinder cavitiesworn in Replace.
excess of 1.380 inches in
diameter.
Nicks, scratches Repair in accordance
and corrosion. with Paragraph 7-70.
Reissued:2/6/81 LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM

2H2
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLE VII-IIl. INSPECTION LIMITS (GOODYEAR,5002376) (cont.)
PART DEFECT REMEDY

Piston (10) Diameter of pistons is Replace.

1.362 inchesor less
measuredat three
placesaround circum-
ference.
Burrs,scratches, or Replace.
nicks greater than
0.003 inch deep on
sealsurfaces.
NOTE
Pistons with damage less than 0.003 of an inch can be repaired in

accordance with Paragraph'7-70.
Stationary Disc (7) Crackedrelief slot Replace.

terminal holes and
key-slot corners.
Disc worn to 0.171 Replace.

inch or less.
Disc dished in excess Replace.
of 0.030 inch.
Inside diameter of Replace.
disc interferes with
torque tube.
Key-slotsworn and Replace.
battered to less than
0.590 inch or greater
than 0.640 inch in
width.
Inside diameter of Replace.
disc to 7.10 inches
or less, measuredbe-
tween ends of keyway
tangs.

2H3
TABLE VII-II INSPECTION LIMITS (GOODYEAR. 5002376)(cont.)
Back Plate (5) Cracks around relief Replace.

slot holes.
Wearpads worn to Replaceall pads, in
0.090 inch or less in accordance with Para-
thickness from face graph 7-70.
of pad to surface of
back plate, or if pad
width is less than
2.75 inches,as shown
in Figure 7-23.
Plate dished in excess Replace.
of 0.015 inch.
Bolts (3) Thread damage, cracks Replace.

under head and in
threads adjacent to
bolt shank and bent
bolts.
Insulators (9) Small blistersnot Grind OFF.

exceeding0.010 inch.
Worn to 0.220 inch or Replace.
less in thickness.
BRAKEPARTSTOLERANCES
PA-31T
MIN.
PARTS NEW THICKNESS NOTE: Refer to Service
Manual for detailed service
.171 instructions, and Parts Catalog
STATIONARYDISC .190
ROTATINGDISC .240 .148 for specific part numbers.
INSULATORS .250 .220 Dimensions for new parts will
PRESSUREPLATEASSY. .225 insure using the correct part
BACKPLATE ASSY. .090 for the particular installation.

2H4
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
o. Install the brake assemblyon the airplaneand secure with six mounting bolts.
p. Connect the hydraulic brake line and bleed the brakes in accordance with Paragraph 7-96.
q. Apply and release brake pressure (600 psi) several times and check for proper brake action. The
rotating discs (6) should be free to rotate when brakes are released. Reapply pressure (600 psi) and hold for
15 to 30 secondsand check the brake assemblyfor fluid leaks. No leaks are permitted.
r. Align the rotating disc tangs and install the wheel assembly.Adjust the wheel bearingsand safety.
s. Re-inflatethe tire to operating pressure and remove the airplane from jacks.
7-72. BRAKE SYSTEM (CLEVELAND,30-106).

7-73. WHEEL BRAKE ASSEMBLY (CLEVELAND, 30-106). Paragraphs 7-72 thru 7-77 pertain to
Cleveland brake system.
7-74. BRAKE ADJUSTMENT AND LINING TOLERANCES(CLEVELAND,30-106).Noadjustmentof
the brake clearance is necessaryas they are self-adjusting.Inspection of the lining is necessary,and it may be
inspected visuallywhileinstalled on the airplane.The liningsare of the bonded type and need not be replaced
until the thickness of any one segment becomes worn to. 100 of an inch or unevenly worn.
7-75. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF WHEEL BRAKE ASSEMBLY (CLEVELAND,30-106).
(Refer to Figure 7-25 and 7-26.)
a. To remove the brake assembly,first disconnect the brake line from the brake cylinder housing
(15). Cap brake line to prevent contamination.
b. Remove the bolts (1) that secure the backing plates (10) and shim (9) to the brake cylinder
housing (15).
c. Slide the brake cylinder housing from the torque plate.
d. Removethe pressure plate (6) by slidingoff the anchor bolts of the housing.
e. The pistons (4) may be removed by injecting low air pressure in the cylinder fluid inlet and
forcing the pistons from the housing.
f. If necessary,the anchor bolts (16) may be removed by using a holding fixture and arbor press. If
possible, place the anchor bolts into the holding fixture so that the anchor bolt is piloted while being
removed. (Refer to Figure 7-25,Step A.)
CAUTION
Cylinder must be square with arbor in Steps A and B so that the
anchor bolts do not cock.
g. Lining replacement can be accomplished by prying the old segments off of the carrier with a
screwdriver.To install new pads, apply a light film of glue to the backingmaterial of the pad, and snap the
new pad onto the carrier pins. The glue will retain the pads in the correct position when reassemblingthe
brake.
NOTE
If linings are changed, but the pistons are not removed from the
cylinder, clean the exposed surfaces of the pistons before
displacingthe pistons back into the cylinder.
h. Refer to Paragraph7-76 for cleaning,inspection and repair of wheelbrake assembly.

2H5
PIPERCHENNE SERVICEMANUAL
212
PRESS
PRESS CYLINDER BODY
PRESS
CYLINDERBODY
ANCHORBOLT
HOLDINGFIXTURE
HOLDINGFIXTURE
STEP B
STEPA
Figure 7-25. Removal and Installation of Anchor Bolts

7-76. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIR OF WHEELBRAKEASSEMBLY.(CLEVELAND, 30-106).
a. Clean all metal parts in alcohol or suitable solvent.
b. Clean "O" Ringsin denatured alcohol and dry thoroughly.
c. Inspect "O" Rings for cuts, nicks, distortion or excessivewear. If necessary,replace with "O"
Rings of correspondingpart numbers.
d. Inspect pressure plate and back plates for cracks or warpage. Replace if cracked or severly
deformed. Inspect pins for looseness. If loose, tighten with rivet set and anvil, P/N 199-1Aand 199-1Bor
replace backplate and pressure plate assembly.
e. Inspect anchor bolt holes in torque plate for internal corrosion or contamination. If present,
clean with emery or apply a light coat of dry lube.
NOTE
For best servicelife, the cylindersmust slide freely in the torque plate.
f. Check the anchor bolt hole and mounting bolt hole areas for elongation or cracks. Badly
elongated or cracked parts should be replaced with new parts of corresponding part number. Minor
corrosion on the torque plates may be removedwith 600 grit emery.
g. Inspect bolts for cracks, thread damageor corrosion and replace if necessary.
h. Inspect brake cylinder(s) for cracks, especiallyin the lug area around the anchor bolts. Cracks in
this area, necessitate cylinder replacement.
i. Small nicks and light corrosion may be blended and removedwith emery or sand paper. Any area
from which the protective coating is removed, should be thoroughly cleaned, and repainted with one coat
of zinc chromate primer, and one coat of aluminumlacquer.
j. Inspect the fitting ports and piston bores for contamination. Light scratches or nicks in the
piston bores, pilot bores, or on the chamferred surfaces within these bores may be polished out with 600
grit emery.
Reissued:2/6/81 LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM

2H6
NOTE
Nicks and burrs in the pilot bore area can prevent the pistons from properly
retracting, resulting in brake drag.
k. Thoroughly clean out any residue upon completion of step j. Any external surfaces around the piston
bores from which the protective coating has been removed, should be cleaned, and painted with one
coat of zinc chromate primer and one coat of aluminum lacquer.
NOTE
Do not paint internal surfaces of piston bores.
l. Inspect piston for nicks or burrs. remove nicks or burrs by polishing with 600 grit emery. Thoroughly
clean before reinstallation.
m. Inspect brake lining for edge chipping and surface deterioration. Refer to Figure 7-26 for maximum
wear limits for brake linings and discs. Disc warpage should not exceed .015 inch.
n. Inspect both wearing surfaces of the brake disc for heat checks. Replace brake disc if crack length
exceeds 1 inch, or crack depth exceeds .395 of an inch. If crack depth is not measurable, replace disc if
crack length exceeds .500 of an inch.
7-77. ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION OF WHEEL BRAKE ASSEMBLY (CLEVELAND 30-106).
(Refer to Figure 7-25 or 7-26.)
a. If removed, press anchor-bolts (Refer to Figure 7-25) into brake and install washers and nuts. Torque
nuts to specification (Refer to Figure 7-26).
b. Install inlet and bleeder fittings.
c. For piston installation, lubricate the piston, "O" ring, and piston bore with a small amount of MIL-H-
5606 hydraulic fluid. Place piston in bore and rotate to seat drag ring and insure that piston and seal
are in proper alignment. Tap the piston with a wooden or plastic mallet while alternately rotating. If
considerable effort is required, remove piston and inspect bore and pilot bore area for damage. If the
bore is damaged, check the corresponding area of the piston for damage. Repair, if necessary, and
repeat the above procedure.
d. Install pressure plate assembly by aligning anchor bolt holes with anchor bolts and slide onto cylinder.
The pressure plate must float freely on the anchor bolts.
e. Install brake assembly to torque plate by aligning anchor bolts with torque plate holes and sliding
brake assembly on to torque plate (It must slide freely.)
f. Install washers, cylinder tie bolts, and insulator shim. Install back plate assemblies between brake disc
and wheel flange, and align with tie bolts.
g. Re-connect hydraulic lines and bleed system. Check pedal for proper feel and travel.
NOTE
Replacement brake linings should be conditioned by performing two
consecutive full braking applications from 30 to 35 kts. Do not allow the
brake discs to cool substantially between stops. This conditioning procedure
will wear off high spots and generate sufficient heat to glaze the linings.
Once the linings are glazed, the braking system will provide many hours of
maintenance free service.
Visual inspection of the brake disc will indicate the lining condition. A
smooth surface, without grooves, indicates the linings are properly glazed.
If the disc is rough (grooved), the linings must be reglazed. The
conditioning procedure should be performed whenever the rough disc
condition is evident.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2H7 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

1410
TORQUE 80-90 IN.-LBS.
TORQUE 80-70 IN.-L
1. BOLT
2. WASHER
3. O-RING
4. PISTON SKETCHB
5. INSULATOR
6. PLATE, PRESSURE
7. FRICTION RING
8. LINING
9. SHIM
10. PLATE, BACK
11. PLATE, TORQUE
12. NUT
13. CAP, BLEEDER
14. SCREW, BLEEDER
15. CYLINDER
16. BOLT, ANCHOR
17. SEAT-BLEEDER
18. O-RING
19. WASHER
20. BRAKE DISC
Figure 7-26. Wheel Brake Assembly (Cleveland. 30-106)
Reissued:2/6/81 2H8 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2H8
7-78. BRAKE SYSTEM (B.F. GOODRICH, 2-1435-2).
7-79. WHEEL BRAKE ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH, 2-1435-2). Paragraphs 7-78 thru 7-83 pertain to
B.F. Goodrich brake system.
7-79a. SERVICE WEAR LIMIT DETERMINATION (B.F. GOODRICH. 2-1435-2). (Refer to Figure
7-27a.) The following inspection procedures should be used during regular inspection intervals to determine
whether brake overhaul is required:
a. Pressurize brake to 100 psi.
b. As shown in Figure 7-27a, measure the distance between the carrier lining and torque button
assembly and the piston housing.
c. Using a feeler gauge. determine if the brake is within limits. A maximum of.35 of an inch is allowed
if a larger measurement is indicated the brake should be removed for overhaul.
NOTE
A shiny mark on the O. D. wear face of lining carrier assembly is not

a criteria for brake removal. This condition is created by the carrier.
lining and torque button assembly overhanging the lining carrier
assembly.
7-80. REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF WHEEL BRAKE ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH.

2-1435-2). (Refer to Figure 7-27.)
a. Place the airplane on jacks. (Refer to Jacking. Section II.)
b. Remove the main wheel assembly in accordance with Paragraph 7-61.
c. Disconnect and cap the hydraulic brake line at the brake assembly and remove the six bolts. washers
and nuts. Lift brake off over axle.
d. Place the brake assembly in the vertical position on a clean flat surface. Be sure bleeder valve (2) and
inlet port are facing upwards.
e. Remove the bleeder valve (2) and cap from inlet port.
f. Drain the hydraulic fluid into a container.
g. Remove the six bolts (15) with washer (14) securing the torque plate (13) to the piston housing (1).
h. Place the brake assembly with torque plate (13) facing upwards on a clean flat surface and lift off
torque plate (13).
i. Remove spacer (12). Replace if damaged on removal.
j. Remove insulators ( 11).Insulators (11) may stick to carrier, lining and button assemblies (10). and
may have to be pryed loose. If insulators are damaged during removal, replace with new ones.
k. Remove carrier, lining and torque button assemblies (10).
1. Remove disk carrier and lining assembly (9).
m. Remove the piston insulators (8) from the pistons (7).
n. Remove pistons (7) by threading a 10-32 UNF screw into tapped hole in each piston (7) and pull all
pistons out of piston housing assembly (1).
o. Remove O-ring packings (6) from groove in each piston.
p. Remove reducer fitting (3) and O-ring (4) from piston housing assembly (1).
q. Remove O-ring (4) from reducer fitting (3).

Revised:4/25/83H9
2H9
1 PISTON HOUSING 9 CARRIERAND LINING ASSY

2 HYDRAULIC BLEED VALVE 10 BUTTON ASSEMBLY
3 BLEED VALVE REDUCER 11 INSULATOR
4 O-RING 12 SPACER
5 HELI COIL 13 TORQUE PLATE
6 O-RING 14 WASHER
7 PISTON 15 12 POINT BOLT
8 INSULATOR PISTON
6207
PISTON
HOUSING - PISTON TAPPED
APPLY MIL-T-5544 COMPOUND

TO THESE SURFACES
VIEW A VIEW B
LUBTORQUEREQUIREMENT CORRECT PISTON INSTALLATION
NOTE
FOR FURTHERINFORMATION
ON SERVICINGB F G BRAKE.
REFERTO THEMANUFACTURER'S
SERVICEMANUALFORTHE
I 2-1435-2 BRAKE
Figure 7-27. B.F. Goodrich 2-1435-2 Brake Installation

2H10
PISTON
Figure 7-27a. Brake Removal Wear Limit
UNING CARRIER ASSEMBLY

SHINYMARKON O D OF WEAR FACE
Figure 7-27b. Brake Removal Wear Limit

2H11
SHADED AREA COVERS 85% OF THE LININGSURFACE AND IS WORN TO A MIMI-

MUM THICKNESS OF .160 INCHES.
.025" FLAT PLATE
CHECK FLATNESS ON LINING SIDE OF CARRIER. DISHING OF 025 INCHES MAXI-

MUM REPLACE OR REPAIR PARTS. CARRIER MAY BE COLD FLATTENED WITH A
MALLETAND FLAT PLATE
CARRIER LINING AND TORQUE BUTTONASSEMBLY
LEADINGEDGEWEAR.
NORMAL LININGWEAR.
THISCONDITIONCANBE CONSIDERED
CARRIER LINING AND TORQUE BUTTONASSEMBLY
Figure 7-27a. Brake Removal Wear Limit (cont.)

2H12
SHADED AREA COVERS 85% OF THE LINING SURFACE AND IS WORN TO A MINI-
MUM THICKNESS OF .370 INCHES.
CHECKTO SURFACE OF CARRIER
I.D. O.D.
DISHING OF 050 INCHES MAXIMUM FROM O.D TO I.D.
LINING CARRIER ASSEMBLY
Figure 7-27a. Brake Removal Wear Limit (cont.)

2H13
7-81. CLEANING AND INSPECTION OF BRAKE ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH, 2-1435-2). (Refer
to Figure 7-27.)
a. Except for the disc carriers and lining assemblies, clean all metal parts in dry cleaning solvent or
equivalent. Dry with low pressure compressed air.
CAUTION
Quick drying solvents are toxic and volatile. Use in a well ventilated
area. Avoid contact with skin or clothing. Do not inhale the vapors.
Protect eyes.
b.If it is felt necessary to-remove the paintedsurface make sure the -process-used does not remove
magnesium surface treatment. Use either an abrasive method or chemical stripper not harmful to magnesium.
Both methods of paint stripping are as follows:
NOTE
Avoid removing surface treatment under paint.
1. Abrasive blasting using ground walnut hulls, per specification MIL-G-5634, Type II or III is
recommended. This method will not remove surface treatment and does not require masking.
2. Paint can be stripped from brake using solvent paint and lacquer stripper (A-127-8) (Allied
Kelite Chemical Co.. 2400 East Devon Ave., Des Plaines, Illinois 60018). Commercial paint strippers not
harmful to magnesium may be used.
CAUTION
Use paint strippers in a well ventilated area and avoid prolonged

inhalation of fumes.
CAUTION
DO NOT clean rubber packings or insulators with cleaning solvents.
3. Thoroughly rinse stripping compound off parts with clean, cold water.
4. Dry parts with low pressure compressed air.
c. Use a clean, lint free cloth and wipe rubber packings (4 and 6) and insulators (8 and II). Low
pressure compressed air may be used to blow dirt off these parts.
d. Clean all lining surfaces with a stiff bristled brush and low pressure compressed air.
e. Inspect disk carrier and lining assembly for a minimum thickness of .370 inches for 85% of lining
surface, and dishing of .050 inches maximum from O.D. to I.D. If either or both of these conditions exist
replace part. (Refer to Table VII-III.)
f. Inspect carrier lining and torque button assemblies for a minimum thickness of.160 inches for 85%
of the lining surface, and dishing of .025 inches maximum. If either or both conditions exist, replace or repair
part. (Refer to Table VII-III.)
g. With dye check or fluorescent penetrant method, inspect piston housing (1), torque plate (13) and
pistons (7) for cracks and breaks. Visually inspect threaded holes for damage. Check for burrs, nicks.
scratches, gouges, corrosion and other damage.

2H14
TABLE VII-III. BRAKE WEAR LIMITS (B.F. GOODRICH,2-1435-2)
Disk Carrier and Carrier, Lining and

Inspection Areas Lining Assembly Torque Button Assys
Thickness Max. 0.519 0.265
Min. *0.370 •0.160
Dishing Max. 0.050 +0.025
(Flatness) Min. 0.000 0.000
I.D. Max. 7.000 7.000
Min. 6.800 6.800
*Minimum thickness is for 85 percent of lining surface. This is an overhaul limit only. Parts may
wear beyond these dimensions in service.
+Carrier, lining, and torque button assemblies maybe cold flattened with a mallet and flat plate.
Check flatness on lining side of segment.
NOTE
Dye checking may stain painted surfaces.
h. Visually inspect all other metal parts for pitting, corrosion, cracks, uneven wear and other surface
defects.
i. Inspect packing sealing surfaces for smoothness.
j. Inspect all packings (4 and 6) for pits, cuts. or other defect which could cause leakage. Replace as
necessary.
k. Inspect insulators (8 and 11) for chips and signs of disintegration. Replace as necessary.
1. Magnetic particle inspect each bolt (15) for fatigue indications and cracks in accordance with
specification MIL-1-6870 (longitudinal magnetization).
CAUTION
Bolts (15) may be satisfactorily inspected with plating intact. No

stripping procedures are recommended due to danger of hydrogen
embrittlement.
7-82. REPAIR OF BRAKE ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH,2-1435-2).

a. Replace all parts that are cracked, worn, distorted or damaged beyond repair. Repair and return to
service all parts that can be restored to acceptable limits. Refer to Table VII-1ll.
b. Blend and polish out nicks, scratches, and corrosion from piston housing (1) and torque plate ( 3)
not exceeding 0.015 of an inch deep with fine 400 grit emery cloth.
1. Treat exposed areas with Iridite No. 15 or Alodine 1200 solution.
2. After surface treatment, thoroughly air dry parts. Do not touch treated surfaces until
completely dry.

2H15
c. Retreating and repainting piston housing (1) and torque plate (13), proceed as follows:
1. Clean all surfaces to be repainted with a lint free cloth or by vapor degreasing the parts.
2. Mask all ports and piston bores.
3. Apply one coat of urethane primer to all prepared surfaces and allow to air dry for a minimum
of one hour.
4. Mask all areas where urethane coating is not desirable.
5. Apply two coats of urethane top coat to all surface, except register and mating surfaces, before
assembly. Allow two to four hours between overcoats.
NOTE
If piston housing (11)or torque plate (13) has not been completely
stripped, but have exposed areas as a result ofminor repair feather -
existing coatings with 320 grit emery cloth and finish with 400 grit
emery cloth to give surface a fine abraded finsh for subsequent touch
up. Touch up with applicable surface treatment, one coat of
urethane primer and one coat of urethane to touch up top coat, sand
area to be touched up with 400 grit emery cloth, wipe away dust,
apply one coat urethane top coat.
d. Replace O-rings (4 and 6) as necessary at each overhaul.

e. Replace carrier, lining and torque button assembles (10) when carrier and lining thickness (not
including button thickness) is less than 0.160 of an inch.
7-83. ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION OF BRAKE ASSEMBLY (B.F. GOODRICH,2-1435-2).

a. Lubricate the threads of the reducer (3) and O-ring packing (4) with a light coat of hydraulic fluid
MIL-H-5606. Install the packing (4) on the bleeder reducer (3) and screw the reducer into the bleeder port in
the housing (1) and tighten.
b. Screw the bleeder valve (2) into the bleeder reducer (3).
c. Lubricate the piston O-ring packing (6), piston cylinder walls, and cylinder contacting surfaces of
the piston (7) with hydraulic fluid MIL-H-5606.
d. Install lubricated piston packings (6) in packing grooves in cylinders in brake housing, being careful
not to stretch or twist packings.
e. Lay the piston housing assembly on a clean, flat surface with the piston housing's open side up.
f. With tapped hole in piston facing up press each piston and packing assembly into a piston bore.
g. Install insulator (8) in recess in pistons and install pistions in cylinders in housing (1). Bottom the
pistons in the cylinder.
h. Install the carriers (10) with their linings on their pistons.
i. Lay the disc carrier assembly (9) over the piston housing (1) and onto the linings of the piston
housing (1).
Reissued: 2/6/81
2H16
TABLE VII-IV. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (BRAKES) (B.F. GOODRICH,2-1435-2)

Hydraulic fluid leaking from Worn packing(s) (6) Replace packing (6)
piston area.
Damaged piston(s) (7) or piston Replace piston (7) or repair bore
bore(s) (1). (1).
Fluid leaking from bleeder Loose bleeder valves (2). Tighten bleeders (2)
valves or reducer fitting
Damaged bleeder valve (2) Replace valve (2).
Damaged reducer fitting (3) Replace reducer (3) or packing

or packing (4). (4).
Insufficient clearance (ie DISK Heat stack warped beyond Repair or replace parts out of
CAN NOT BE MOVED WITH tolerance. tolerance per REPAIR.
HANDS).
Air in system. Properly bleed brake system and
hydraulic lines.
j. Place one insulator (11) on each pair of exposed torque buttons.

k. With mating surface facing down, set spacer (1) and torque plate (13) into piston over exposed
torque buttons. Ascertain that all torque buttons fit into torque plate (13).
l. Rotate torque plate (13) to align bolt holes in piston housing (1).
m. Install a washer (14) on each bolt (15). Tighten bolts (15) using a preset hand torque wrench, and
tightening the bolts (15) in a criss-cross sequence to 50% (175 to 185 inch pounds) of full torque.
n. Ascertain that all components are properly aligned.
o. Finish tightening the bolts (15) in a criss-cross sequence to 350 to 370 inch pounds using a preset
hand torque wrench.
p. Reconnect the hydraulic lines and bleed brakes.
q. Reinstall the wheel by slowly sliding the wheel over the axle and aligning the brake disc carrier teeth
with the slots in the wheel.
r. Install the axle nut while making sure the bearings are seating properly. (Refer to Paragraph 7-64.)

2H17
7-84. BRAKEMASTERCYLINDER.
7-85. REMOVALOF BRAKEMASTERCYLINDER.
a. Disconnect the brake lines from the cylinder and place a protective coverover the line openings
to prevent contamination of the system.
b. Remove the cylinder from the pedal assembly by removingthe clevispin at the piston rod and
the bolt at the top of the cylinder body.
7-86. DISASSEMBLYOF BRAKEMASTERCYLINDER. (Refer to Figure 7-28.)
a. The internal parts of the brake master cylinder (1) may be removed by removing the snap ring
(16) from the annular slot at the lower end of the cylinder. Pull the complete piston assembly from the
cylinder.
b. Slide the packing gland (15), O-ring(13), washer (11) and spring (10) from the piston rod (12).
c. The piston valve assemblymay be removed by first removing the self-lockingnut (2) from the
piston rod (12). This will allow the piston (8) with component parts to be removed.
7-87. CLEANING,INSPECTIONANDREPAIROF BRAKEMASTERCYLINDER.

a. Clean the cylinder parts with a suitable solvent and dry thoroughly.
b. Inspect the interior walls of the cylinder for scratches,burrs, corrosion, etc.
c. Inspect the general condition of the fitting threads of the cylinder.
d. Check the piston and valvefor scratches,burrs, corrosion, etc.
e. Repairs to the cylinder are limited to polishingout small scratches,burrs, etc., and replacingvalve
washer seal and O-rings.
7-88. ASSEMBLYOF BRAKEMASTERCYLINDER. (Refer to Figure 7-28.)
a. Install O-ring (9) on the cylinder piston (8). Assemble onto the piston rod (12), the piston (8),
spring (7), washer seal (6) and valve (5). Allow the valve to extend into the base of the piston. Slide the
O-ring and washer(3) in place and securewith self-lockingnut (2).
b. Install O-ring seal (14) on the packing gland ( 15). Slidespring (10), washer(11), O-ring(13), and
packinggland ( 15) onto the piston rod (12).
c. Dip the piston assembly in fluid (MIL-H-5606)and install the assemblyinto the cylinder (1).
Push the packinggland into the cylinder until the snap ring (16) can be installedinto the annular slot at the
bottom of the cylinder.
7-89. INSTALLATIONOF BRAKEMASTERCYLINDER.
a. Compressthe piston within the cylinder and adjust the clevisend of the piston rod to obtain 6.69
inches between attachment holes of the cylinder body and the piston rod clevis. Lock the clevis into
position with locknuts.
b. Attach the cylinder to the rudder pedal by securingat the cylinder body with bolt assemblyand
at the cleviswith clevispin.
c. Connect the fluid lines to the cylinder.
7-90. PARKINGBRAKEVALVE.
7-91. REMOVALOF PARKINGBRAKEVALVE.
a. Disconnect the parking brake cable from the valveactuating arm.
b. Disconnect the fluid lines from the valve.
c. Remove the screwsthat attach the valve to its mounting bracket.
d. Place a protective material over the line openings to prevent contamination of the system.
........ LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

Reissued: 2/6/81
2H18
7-92. DISASSEMBLYOF PARKINGBRAKEVALVE. (Refer to Figure 7-29.)

a. Remove the two fittings (2) from the outside of the valve body (1). A valvespring(3) is held in
place by the fittings. Use caution not to loosen these when removingthe fittings.
b. From the valvebody, remove the valvespring(3) and valve(4).
c. To removethe valvecam (13), remove the nut (6), washer(7), bushing(8) and spring(9) and pull
the cam from the valvebody.
7-93. CLEANING,INSPECTIONANDREPAIR OF PARKINGBRAKEVALVE.
a. Clean the valveparts with a suitable solvent and dry them thoroughly.
b. Inspect the cam and seat surfacesof the valvebody for excess wear and corrosion.
c. Inspect the cam assemblyfor burrs, scratches,excess wear, loose operating lever,etc.
d. Check the general condition of valvesand springs.
e. Repair to the valve is largely limited to smoothing burred or scratched surfaces and replacing
O-rings.
7-94. ASSEMBLYOF PARKINGBRAKEVALVE. (Refer to Figure 7-29.)
a. Install O-rings(10, 11 and 12) on the valvecam (13).
b. Lubricate O-ringswith fluid (MIL-H-5606),insert cam (13) into valve body (1) and secure with
spring (9), bushing(8), washer (7) and self-lockingnut (6).
c. Install O-ring(5) on valve(4), insert the valve in the hole of the out port, install the valvespring
(3) and secure with outlet fitting (2).
7-95. INSTALLATIONOF PARKINGBRAKEVALVE.
a. Attach the valveto the bulkhead mounting bracket with screws.
b. Connect the fluid lines to the valve.
c. Connect the control cable to the valvelever and determine that when valvelever fits in the closed
detent, the parking brake handle is .062 to .125 inch of being full in against stop.
d. Bleed the brake system. (Refer to Paragraph 7-96.)
7-96. BLEEDING PROCEDURE. If the brake line has been disconnected for any reason, it will be
necessaryto bleed the brake system as described below:
a. Place a suitable container at the reservoirdrain to collect fluid overflow.
b. Remove the rubber bleeder fitting cap located on the bottom of the brake unit housing on the
landing gear.
c. Slide a hose over the bleeder fitting, loosen the fitting one turn and pressurefill the brake system
with MIL-H-5606fluid.
NOTE
By watching the fluid flowing into the reservoir, it can be
determined whether any air has entered the system. If air bubbles
are evident, filling of the system shallbe continued until all of the
air is out of the system and a steady flow of fluid is obtained.
d. Tighten the bleeder fitting and remove the hose. Checkbrakes for proper pedal pressure.
e. Repeat this procedure on the other gear.
f. Drain excessfluid from the reservoirto fluid level line with a syringe.

2H19
214
12 14 11 16
1. CYLINDER BODY 9. O-RING

2. NUT 10. SPRING
WASHER 11. WASHER
3.
4. O-RING 12. ROD
13. O-RING
5. VALVE
14. O-RING
6. WASHER
15. GLAND
7. SPRING
16. SNAP RING
. PISTON
Figure 7-28. Brake Master Cylinder Assembly
215
1. VALVE BODY 11. O-RING

2. FITTING 12. O-RING
3. SPRING 13. CAM
4. VALVE 14. STUD
5. O-RING 15. SWIVEL
6. NUT 16. LEVER
7. WASHER 17. WASHER
8. BUSHING 13. NUT
9. SPRING 19. COTTER PIN
10. O-RING
Figure 7-29. Parking Brake Valve Assembly
Reissued: 2/6/81 2H20 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE SYSTEM

2H20
1095
MATERIAL
STEELOR HARDALUMINUM
.875 x .095 x 9.188 TUBE
.875
.125 x 3.50 x 24 71 PLATE
705
NOTE:
IT IS IMPORTANT
THAT CENTERLINE
ACCURACYBE USEDWHENLOCATING
HOLESFORINSTALLATION OF BUSHING.
SIGHTSLOTAND ELONGATED HOLE.
x .095 x .625 TUBE

24.71
705
.125
SEE SEENOTE SEENOTE

SCRIBELINES
AS SHOWN 8.50 1.062
-
.875 1.75
1.75
15- 125 R
.75- 7.96 14.50

9.72
Figure 7-30. Fabricated Tool, Nose Gear Gauge Link Travel

2H21
PIPERCHEYENE SERVICEMANUAL
1096
1.0
BUSHING 12.063
. 1.0
ROSETTEWELDTO SECUREBUSHING
2 REQ.
NOTE:
MATERIAL IT IS IMPORTANTTHATCENTERLINE
ACCURACYBE USED WHEN LOCATING
STEELOR HARDALUMINUM HOLES FOR INSTALLATIONOF BUSHING,
1.8 x.063 x 13.251 TUBE SIGHT SLOTAND ELONGATEDHOLE.
1.0 x 1.0 ROD
.125 x 18.062 x 3.125 PLATE 1.0 x .083 x 1.125 TUBE
18.062
.125
Figure 7-31. Fabricated Tool, Main Gear Side Brace Link Travel
Reissued: 2/6/81
2H22 LANDINGGEAR AND BRAKESYSTEM
TOP
SIDE
MATERIAL: NOTE:
HARDWOOD MARK LARGE
1.10X 1 X 11.56 END FORWARD
Figure 7-32. Fabricated Tool, Main Gear Toe-In Adjustment
LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81 2H23
TABLE VII-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (LANDING GEAR SYSTEM)

Landing gear selector Selector lever cannot Ascertain that the LEFT
handle fails to oper- be moved to the gear main gear strut is ex-
ate to gear up posi- up position while the tended and that the
tion. LEFT main gear strut power is on.
is compressedor with
the power off.
Faulty safety switch on Adjust or replacesafety
left main gear. switch
Gear retracts or ex- Priority valve leaksin Check priority valve

tends before the doors power pack. cracking pressure.
open.
Solenoidvalvestuck in Turn off power and hand
.closedposition. pump doors open.
Microswitch on power Check for bent bracket
pack out of adjustment. or loose mounting or
wire and adjust.
Doors come open in Doors are riggedtoo Adjust rigging of doors.

flight. tight.
Micro switch on power Adjust micro switch.
pack out of adjustment.
Doors fail to close. Circuit breaker out. Check circuit breaker.

Limit switch out of Adjust limit switch.
adjustment.
Gear not fully retrac- Check adjustment.
ted.
Cannon plug on power Tighten plug.

pack loose.
Solenoid valve stuck in Check wiring to sole-
door open position. noid valve.

2H24
TABLE VII-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (LANDING GEAR SYSTEM) (cont.)

Nose gear fails to Not enough actuator Increasethe actuator
lock up when handle stroke. stroke.
returns to neutral.
Gear doors pinching. Relievedoor pinch by
lengtheningdoor oper-
ating rods.
Maingear fail to Uplock rod out of Adjust rod.
lock up. adjustment.
Actuator out of adjust- Adjust actuator.
ment.
No red light on panel Circuit breaker out. Check circuit breaker.
when gear are in
transit. Indicator light burned Replaceindicator light.
out.
Circuit wire broken. Checkwiring.
No green light on Circuit breaker out. Checkcircuit breaker.

panel when gears are
down. Indicator light burned Replaceindicator light.
out.
Lock switch defective Replaceand/or adjust
or out of adjustment. lock switch.
Gear not locked in down Adjust the gear.
position.
Flashingred indicator Power lever switchesare Replaceswitches.

light or warninghorn faulty.
soundingwhen power
from one or both engines Power lever switchesout of Adjust throttle switches
is above 150 adjustment.
foot pounds of torque.
Red indicator light Doors could be open. Adjust doors.

stays on with gear up
and locked. Switch defective. Replacedefective
switch.

211
Flashing red light and Power leverswitches out of Adjust throttle switches
warning horn fail to adjustment.
operate when power
from both enginesis Power lever switchesare Replace switch.
reduced below 150 defective.
foot pounds of torque.
Horn or light defective. Replacedefective part.
Defectivewiring. Check wiring.
Nosegear shimmies Internal wear in shimmy Replaceshimmy damp-

during fast taxi, dampener. ener.
take-off and landing.
Shimmydampener or Replace necessaryparts
bracket loose at and bolts.
mounting.
Tire out of balance. Check balance and
replace tire if neces-
sary.
Worn or loose wheel Replace and/or adjust

bearings. wheel bearings.
Worn torque link bolts Replace bolts and/or

and/or bushings. bushings.
Main landing gear Tire out of balance. Check balance and re-
shimmiesduring fast place tire if neces-
taxi, take-off and sary.
landing.
Worn or loose wheel Replace and/or adjust
bearings. wheel bearings.
Worn torque link bolts Replace bolts and/or

and/or bushings. bushings.
Strut bottoms on nor- Insufficient air and/or Service strut with.air

mal landing or when fluid in strut. and/or fluid.
taxiing over rough
ground. Defective internal parts Replace defective parts.
in strut.

212
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL

Excessiveor uneven Incorrect operating Inflate tire to correct
wear on main tires. pressure. pressure.
Nose gear failsto Oleo cylinderbinding in Lubricate strut hous-

steer properly. strut housing. ing.
One brake dragging. Determinecause and
correct.
Steeringarm roller Replacedefective rol-
shearedat top of strut. ler.
Reissued: 2/6/81
LANDINGGEAR ANDBRAKESYSTEM
213
1165A 1165B
11556C
1091
21
Figure 7-33. Nose Gear Wear Limits

214
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
Min. Max.
Index Mfg. Service Service
No. Part No. Item Dimension Limit Limit
31766-2 Trunnion Bushing .5625 +.0015 .5625 .5650
-.0000
13 AN9-30 Trunnion Bolt - AN 179 may be used .5620 +.0000 .5570 .5620
to reduce play. -.0040
12 NAS77-9-36 Trunnion Plate Bushing .5625 +.0015 .5625 .5645
-.0000
2 NAS75-7-016 Drag Link Lug Bushing .4375 +.0015 .4375 .4410
-.0000
14 AN 177-25 Drag Link Lug Bolt .4367 +.0000 .4350 .4367
-.0005
16 NAS77-7-38 Lower Drag Link - Applies to both .4375 +.0015 .4375 .4410
ends of link. -.0000
15 AN 177-37 Bolt - Drag Link Joint .4367 +.0000 .4355 .4367
-.0005
18 NAS75-7-014 Bushing - Upper Drag Link - .4375+.0015 .4375 .4410
17 NAS77-7-38 L & R - Both ends -.0000
21 NAS77-7-68
20 AN 177-21 Bolt - Drag Link - Top L & R .4367 +.0000 .4350 .4367
-.0005
19 NAS77-7-40 Bushing - Drag Link Plate - L & R .4375 +.0015 .4375 .4410
-. 0000
22 NAS774-50 Bushing - Nose Gear Idler - Top .2500 +.0015 .2500 .2520
-.0000
Figure 7-33. Nose Gear Wear Limits (cont.)

215
Min. Max.
23 AN4-33 Bolt - Nose Gear Idler - Top - .2490 +.0000 .2455 .2490
AN 174may be used to reduce -.0030
play.
4 31796 Bushing - Torque Link .2510 +.0010 .2510 .2530
-.0000
5 AN174-13 Bolt - Torque Link Joint .2492 +.0000 .2475 .2492

-.0005
3 31850 Link - Torque .3120+.0010 .3120 .3140

-.0000
6 AN 175-32 Bolt - Torque Link Attachment .3117 +.0000 .3105 .3117

-.0005
7 31785-00 Bushing - Fork - Torque Link .3130 +.0020 .3130 .3160

Attachment -.0000
9 NAS77-5-42 Bushing - Cylinder - Torque Link .3125+.0015 .3125 .3160

Attachment -.0000
11 31780 Bearing - Oleo Strut - Lower 1.9375+.0020 1.9375 1.9405

-.0000
10 31799 Bearing - Oleo Strut - Upper 2.3730+.0000 Chrome 2.3730

-.0020 Plate
Worn
Thru
8 40275 Cylinder Assembly(Cylinder Bore) 2.3750+.0030 2.3750 2.3795

-.0000
Figure 7-33. Nose Gear Wear Limits (cont.)

216
1093A
15
19
22 25 26 1092B
24 10938
14
Figure 7-34. Main Gear Wear Limits

217
Min. Max.
2 20737-23 Bushing - Trunnion .6245 +.0015 .6245 .6270

43256-4 -.0000
1 61402-99
43256-5
17 AN10-35 Bolt - Trunnion - AN180 may be .6240+.0000 .6190 .6240
used to reduce play. -.0040
15 NAS77-10-94 Bushing - Trunnion Plate .6250 +.0015 .6250 .6270

-.0000
4 61402-98 Bushing - Side Brace Lug .4990 +.0010 .4990 .5025

43256-3 -.0000
18 AN178-26 Bolt - Side Brace Lug .4991+.0000 .4981 .4991

-.0005
24 NAS77-8-44 Bushing - Side Brace - Lower .5000 +.0015 .5000 .5020

Link - Applies to both ends -.0000
of link.
22 AN 178-33 Bolt - Side Brace Joint .4991+.0000 .4981 .4991
-.0005
23.25 NAS77-8-72 Bushing - L & R Side - Brace .5000 +.0015 .5000 .5020
Link - Lower End -.0000
21 NAS77-8-38 Bushing - Aft Side Brace - .5000 +.0015 .5000 .5025

Upper End -.0000
16 AN8-27 Bolt - Aft Side Brace - Upper End - .4990 +.0000 .4940 .4990
AN 178may be used to reduce -.0040
play.
Figure 7-34. Main Gear Wear Limits (cont.)

218
Min. Max.
20 NAS77-8-84 Bushing - Aft Side - Brace .5000 +.0015 .5000 .5025

Fitting -.0000
26 NAS77-18-50 Bushing- Forward Side - 1.1250 +.0015 1.1250 1.1280

Brace - Upper End -.0000
19 42058-00 Shaft - Forward Side - Brace 1.1245 +.0000 1.1225 1.1245

Pivot -.0010
6 2073740 Bushing - Housing - Torque .3740 +.0020 .3745* .3775

43256-2 Link Attachment -.0000 *Ream
at
install.
if req.
5 AN 176-42 Bolt - Torque Link to Housing .3742 +.0000 .3732 .3742

-.0005
7 NAS75-6-011 Bushing - Torque Link .3750 +.0015 .3750 .3775

-.0000
8 NAS75-7-011 Bushing - Torque Link - Center .4375 +.0015 .4375 .4400

9 NAS77-7-35 -.0000
10 AN7-22 Bolt - Torque Link - Center - .4370 +.0000 .4330 .4370

AN177 may be used to reduce -.0040
play.
12 20737-40 Bushing - Fork - Torque Link .3740 +.0020 .3745* .3775
43256-2 Attachment -.0000 * Ream
at
install.
if req.
LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
219
Min. Max.
11 AN176-51 Bolt - Torque Link to Fork .3742 +.0000 .3732 .3742

-.0005
14 40246-00 Bearing - Oleo Strut - Bottom 2.7500+.0020 2.7500 2.7530

-.0000
13 40247-00 Bearing - Oleo Strut - Top 3.2480+.0000 Chrome 3.2480

.0020- Plate
Worn
Thru
3 40327-00 Housing Assembly(Cylinder Bore) 3.2500+.0030 3.2500 3.2545

-.0000
Reissued:
2/6/81 LANDINGGEARAND BRAKESYSTEM
2110
SECTION VIII
POWER PLANT
PA-31T AND 31T1
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
8-1. Introduction .............................................................. 2114

8-2. Description.............................................................. 2114
8-3. Troubleshooting ........................................................... 2115
8-4. Engine Cowling ........................................................... 2115
8-5. Removal of Engine Cowling ........................................ 2115
8-6. Cleaning, Inspection And Repair of Engine Cowling .................. 2115
8-7. Installation of Engine Cowling ..................................... 2115
8-8. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System ....................................... 2116
8-9. Removal of Ice Deflector Door Transmission ......................... 2116
8-10. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Ice Deflector Door ................ 2117
8-11. Installation of Ice Deflector Door Transmission ...................... 2117
8-12. Adjustment of Engine Ice Protection System (S/N 31T-7400002 to
8104073 incl.) .................................................. 2117
8-12a. Adjustment of Air Inlet Protection System (S/N 31T-8304001
and up)... ................................................. 2118
8-13. Inlet Air Deicer Boot .............................................. 2119
8-14. Oil Cooler Exhaust Door ...................... ............................ 2123
8-15. Removal of Oil Cooler Door Transmission ........................... 2123
8-16. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Oil Cooler Door Transmission ...... 2123
8-17. Installation of Oil Cooler Door Transmission ......................... 2124
8-18. Adjustment of Oil Cooler Door ..................................... 2124
8-19. Propeller ................................................................ 2124
8-20. Removal of Propeller ............................................. 2124
8-21. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Propeller ......................... 2J
8-22. Installation of Propeller ......................................... 2J 1
8-23. Propeller Adjustments ............................................. 2J4
8-24. Propeller Governors ....................................................... 2J5
8-25. Removal of Propeller Constant Speed Governor ...................... 2J5
8-26. Installation of Propeller Constant Speed Governor .................... 2J5
8-27. Constant Speed Governor Adjustments .............................. 2J5
8-28. Propeller Overspeed Governor.............................................. 2J6
8-29. Removal of Propeller Overspeed Governor ........................... 2J6
8-30. Installation of Overspeed Governor ................................. 2J6
8-31. Overspeed Governor Operational Checks ............................ 2J6
8-32. Engine ................................................................... 2J 7
8-33. Engine Removal .................................................. 2J7
8-34. Engine Buildup ................................................... 2J8
8-35. Engine Installation ................................................ 2J 11
Revised: 1/5/84 POWER PLANT

2111
2111
PA-31T and PA-31TI
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
8-36. Engine Controls ................................................................................... 211

8-37. Condition Lever ...................................... 2J11........................ 2J1
8-38. Rigging Condition Lever............................................................ 2J12
8-39. Ignition Cutoff Switch .................................................... 2J12
8-40. Adjustment of Ignition Cutoff Switch .............................................. 2J12
8-41. Propeller Pitch Control Lever ................... 2J12
2J12............................................
8-42. Rigging Propeller Pitch Control Lever.............................................. 2J12
8-43. Power Lever........................................................................................ 2J12
8-44. Rigging the Power Lever............................................................. 2J12
8-45. Rigging the Fuel Control Unit to the Fuel Control Actuating Lever ............. 214
8-46. Rigging Throttle Control Cable to the Power Lever Arm...................................... 2J19
8-47. Beta Valve Rigging Procedure ................... ... ...... ... .................... 2J19
8-48. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment .............................................................. 219
8-49. Rigging of Propeller Governor Interconnecting Rod to Propeller Push-Pull Cable.......... 2J20
8-50. Rigging the Push-Pull Cable to Cam Box....................................................... 2J20
8-51. Propeller Reverse Switch Adjustment ................................. . ................... 2J20
8-52. Reverse Not Ready Switch Adjustment ......................................................... 2J20
8-53 Throttle Control Cable Handling and Storage (Power Lever) ................................. 2J21
8-54. Throttle Control Cable Removal and Installation (Power Lever) ............................. 2J21
8-55. Pre-Run Rigging and Adjustment of Power Control
(Airframe to Engine Interconnect) .................................................. 2J22
8-56. Engine Depreservation ................... ...................... 2J22.....................
2J22
8-57. Engine Motoring Run ................................................................ 2J23
8-58. Engine Ground Check and Safety Precautions ..................................... 2J23
8-59. Engine Idle and Power Adjustments ................................................ 2J24
8-60. Engine Ground Testing ............................................................................ 2K8
8-61. Part Power Trim Check (PA-31T) ................................................... 2K8
8-62. Engine Performance and Data Plate Speed Check (PA-31T) ...................... 2K9
8-63. Engine Overtemperature and Overtorque Limits .................................. 2K10
8-63a. Engine Ground Performance Check (PA-31T1) ................................... 2K10
8-64. Engine Shock Mounts ................... 2K21
2K21..........................................
8-64a. Inspection of Mount Assemblies .................................................... 2K21
8-64b Cleaning Mount Assemblies ......................................................... 2K21
8-65. Replacement of Shock Mounts ...................................................... 2K21
8-66. Engine Fire Seals .................................................................................. 2K21
8-67. General ................................................................................ 2K21
8-68. Engine Fuel System ............................................................................... 2K22
8-69. General .................................................................... ..... 2K22
8-70. Fuel Control Unit ................... .................. ...................................... 2K22
8-71. Removal of Fuel Control Unit ....................................................... 2K22
8-72. Preparation for Shipping ........................................ ................ 2K22
8-73. Preparation for Service............................................................... 2K22
8-74. Installation of Fuel Control Unit................................................................. 2K23
8-75. Fuel Control Unit Checks and Adjustments ........................................ 2K23
8-76. Fuel Control Pneumatic (P3) Filter Maintenance................................... 2K23
8-77. Fuel Manifold Adapter Removal and Installation ................................. 2K23
8-77a. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection ..................................................... 2K23
8-78. Functional Check of Fuel Manifold Assemblies.................................... 2K24
8-79. Fuel Scavenger System ...................................... ............... ............... 2L
POWER PLANT
PA-31Tand PA-31T1 2112 InterimRevision:10/15/97
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
8-80. Ignition System ................................................................................... 2L3
8-81. General............................................................................................. 2L3
8-82. CheckingIgnitionSystem............................................................ 2L3
8-83. IgnitionCutoffSwitch Removaland Installation................................... 2L4
8-84. IgnitionCutoffSwitch Adjustment.................................................. 2L4
8-85. IgniterPlug Cleaningand Inspection ............................................... 2L5
8-86. LubricationSystem ............................................................................... 2L5
8-87. General................................................................................. 2L5
8-88. Oil Cooler ................... ....................................................................... 2L5
8-89. Removalof Oil Cooler............................................................... 2L5
8-90. Installationof Oil Cooler............................................................ 2L6
8-91. Oil Filter ElementRemovaland Installation........................................ 2L6
8-92. CleaningProceduresfor CleanableFilter Elements ............................... 2L7
8-93. Bleed Air System ................................................................................. 2L7
8-94. General................................................................................. 2L7
8-95. Engine IndicatingSystem ........................................................................ 2L7
8-96. TorquePressureIndicatingSystem . ............................................................. 2L7
8-97. General................................................................................. 2L7
8-99. Calibration............................................................................. 2L8
8-99a. CheyenneIA TorqueIndicatingCheck ............................................. 2L10
8-99. Inter-TurbineTemperatureSensingSystem(IT'T)....................... 2L14
8-100. General ................................................................................ 2L14
8-101. ResistanceCheckof Inter-TurbineTemperatureSystem .......................... 2L14
8-102. Inter-TurbineTemperatureCalibrationCheck ..................................... 2L14
8-103. Tachometer-Generators(Propellerand Gas Generator). ....................................... 2L14
8-104. General................................................................................. 2L14
8-105. Removaland Installation ............................................................ 2L16
8-106. EngineConditionTrendMonitoringSystem ........................................ 2L17
8-107. Engine WiringHarness500 Hour Inspection.............. ........ 2L17
POWER PLANT
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2113 PA-31T and PA-31T1
SECTION VIII
POWER PLANT
PA-31T AND PA-31TI
8-1. INTRODUCTION. The purpose of this section is to provide service instructions for the power plant
installation and its related components. The maintenance concept of this section is supplemental to Pratt and
Whitney's Engine Maintenance Manual (refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate manual) and consists of
removal, installation, and adjustments of external components and engine accessories. Repairs beyond this
level should be accomplished by an approved Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. overhaul facility.
The instructions are organized so the mechanic can refer to: Description, for a basic understanding of the
power plant and its various components: Troubleshooting, for a methodical approach in locating the
difficulty; and Removal, Installation, and Adjustment instructions to aid the mechanic when servicing the
-aircraft power-plants.
In the interest of maintaining the efficient engine performance, an Engine Condition Trend Monitoring
System has been set up by Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. his is not a mandatory procedure, but
is highly recommended by Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. and Piper Aircraft Corporation. The
use of this procedure will establish a means by which the engine condition can be observed without actual
teardown of components, until conditions warrant it. Copies of the procedure can be obtained from Pratt and
Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd.; Refer to the latest revision of Aircraft Gas Turbine Operation Information
Letter #18.
8-2. DESCRIPTION. The Piper Cheyenne is powered by two lightweight, free turbine Pratt and Whitney
PT6A turboprop engines, for leading particulars refer to Section II.
The engines are completely enclosed by cowlings consisting of an upper and lower section of cantilever
construction attached at the firewall. A hinged door on the upper cowls allows access to the oil filler neck and
quantity dipstick. The air inlet ice deflector door is an integral part of the lower cowl assembly.
A compressor wash ring is offered as optional equipment. When installed, routine compressor washes
may be performed, without the removal of the cowling, through an access door located on the outboard side of
the nacelle.
The propeller installations are constant speed, full feathering, reversing type, controlled by engine oil
pressure through single-acting propeller governors. Centrifugal counterweights assisted by a feathering
spring move the blades toward the low rpm (high pitch) position and into the feather position. This
movement is opposed by oil pressure controlled by the propeller governor. Oil pressure moves the propeller
to the high rpm (low pitch) hydraulic stop and reverse position. The propellers have no high pitch stop; this
allows the propeller to feather after engine shutdown.
The engine lubricating system is a pressure type with the main oil pump located in the oil tank. The oil
tank is an integral part of the compressor inlet case.
The fuel control system consists of a single engine driven pump, a fuel control unit, with fuel shutoff,
and a dual fuel manifold with seven nozzles per manifold. An automatic fuel dump valve and two
combustion chamber drain valves are provided to insure drainage of residual fuel after engine shutdown. A
scavenger pump system collects residual fuel after engine shutdown and injects the fuel back into the
aircraft fuel tank during engine start.
The ignition system consists of one exciter box, two ignition leads, and two spark igniters for each
engine which require about 8000-volts to spark. Ignition is by both igniters simultaneously; there is no
provision for single igniter operation.
The engine is also equipped with a 28-volt, 200 amp starter-generator, hydraulic pump, power section
tachometer generator, gas generator tachometer generator, and an air bleed system which provides high
pressure air for cabin pressurization. The complete engine assembly is supported on a tubular steel mount
attached at the fire wall.
POWER PLANT
Revised: 9/23/81 PA-31T and PA-31T1
2114
8-3. TROUBLESHOOTING.Troublesconcerningthe powerplantarelisted in Table VIII-Vin the backof

this section along with their probablecausesand suggestedremedies.Before attemptingto locate the
difficulty,consultall availablesourcesfor any pertinentinformationwhichmightassist in diagnosingthe
trouble.
NOTE
Foradditionalinformationregardingtroubleshootingof theengine,
refer to Table VIII-II for appropriatePrattand WhitneyEngine
Maintenance Manual.
NOTE
Specialtools referredto in the followingserviceinformationare

available through the Piper Service Department, or may be
fabricatedlocally frominformationsuppliedwiththe text.
8-4. ENGINECOWLING.
8-5. REMOVALOF ENGINECOWLING.(Refer to Figure 8-1.) The procedurefor removingthe engine
cowlingis the samefor either engine.
a. Disconnect the stripassemblies(6) and (8) and the louverassembly(9) that connect the upper
and lowercowl halves.
b. Removethe fastenersconnectingthe starter-generator coolingduct(13) to the upper cowl.
c. Disconnectthe fastenerssecuringthe upper cowl to the nacelleand removethe upper cowling.
d. To remove the lower cowl, remove the access plate (12) and disconnect the rod (2) from the ice
deflector door (S. N 31T-7400002 thru 8104073 incl.). Disconnect the wire leads from the limit switches (3) and
the deicer boot (5).
e. Remove the fasteners connecting the intercooler air inlet duct to the lower cowl.
CAUTION
To insure against possible damage to the lower cowl and deicer

boot leads, support the lower cowl before proceeding with Step f
below.
f. Disconnect the fasteners securing the lower cowl to the nacelle and remove the cowl from the
aircraft.
8-6. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF ENGINE COWLING.

a. Clean the cowling with a suitable solvent and wipe with a clean cloth.
b. Inspect the cowling for dents, cracks, loose rivets, damaged or missing fasteners.
c. Repair all defects to prevent further damage. Fiberglass repair may be accomplished by using
procedures listed in Fiberglass Repairs, Section IV.
8-7. INSTALLATION OF ENGINE COWLING. (Refer to Figure 8-1.) The procedure for installing the
cowl is the same for either engine.
a. Position and support the lower cowl in place and secure the cowl to the nacelle with fasteners
along the aft section of the cowl.
b. Connect the rod (2) to the ice deflector door and install the access plate (12) (S N 31T-7400002
thru 8103073 incl.).
c. Connect the electrical leads to the respective leads on the limit switches (3) and deicer boot (5).
Reconnect the intercooler air inlet duct.
POWER PLANT
Revised:4/25/83 PA-31T and PA-31T1
2115
1366
1. LOWER COWL
2. ROD
3. DEFLECTOR LIMIT SWITCHES
4. TORQUE TUBE
5. DEICER BOOT, (ELECTRIC)
6. STRIP ASSEMBLY, (FORWARD)
7. STUD ASSEMBLY, COWL ATTACHMENT
8. STRIP ASSEMBLY. (AFT)
9. LOUVRE ASSEMBLY
10. UPPER COWL
11. INTERCOOLER INLET
12. ACCESS PLATE
13. STARTER-ENERATOR COOLING DUCT
14. ACCESS PLATE, FUEL FILTER
15. ACCESS, DOOR. WASH RING
Figure 8-1. Engine Cowling
d. Position the upper cowl half in place and connect the starter-generator cooling duct (13) to the
upper cowl. Connect the fastenersalong the aft section of the cowl.
e. Secure the strip assemblies(6) and (8) and louver assembly(9).
f. Checkthe cowlingand attachment hardware for security.
8-8. ENGINEAIR INLETICE PROTECTIONSYSTEM.
8-9. REMOVALOF ICE DEFLECTORDOOR TRANSMISSION.(Refer to Figure 8-2.) To remove the
transmissionfrom the aircraft, the followingprocedure may be used:
NOTE
To facilitate removal, ascertain that the ice door and transmission
are in the closed position.
a. Remove the engine cowlingper Paragraph8-5.
b. Disconnect the electricalleads from the transmissionassembly.
c. Disconnect the transmissionclevisend from the torque tube assembly.
d. Disconnect the transmission from the fire wall mounting bracket and remove the complete
assembly from the enginecompartment.
Reissued:2/6/81 POWER PLANT

PA-31T and PA-31T1
2116
8-10. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR. (RefertoTransmission,

Figure 8-2.)
a. Remove the engine cowling per Paragraph 8-5.
b. Clean transmission assembly with a suitable solvent.
c. Inspect the transmission screw shaft (24) for back lash by the following procedure:
1. Disconnect transmission from Ice Deflector Door torque tube lever (10).
2. Clamp pliers (vise grips) using light pressure on the transmission screw shaft (24). (Refer to
Figure 8-2.)
3. Move the pliers to rotate the screw shaft. A slight movement should be felt, but not to exceed
.312 (5/16) of an inch on a 6 inch radius from the shaft.
d. Check transmission sleeve (13), screw shaft (24), and rod end (26) for distortion.
e. Check brake solenoid assembly (27) for any excessive wear, broken parts, and sticking or burned
out solenoid.
f. After the transmission screw shaft and sleeve have been cleaned and dried, a coating of Aircraft
Actuator Grease, MIL-G-23827 Specification, should be applied to the transmission screw shaft.
g. When the transmission assembly is disassembled for any reason, it should be repacked, 75 percent
full with Dukes grease (P/N 2196-74-1).
8-11. INSTALLATION OF ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 8-2.)
NOTE
To facilitate installation, ascertain that the ice door and trans-

mission are in the closed position.
a. Position the transmission assembly on the fire wall mounting bracket and secure with the proper
attachment hardware. Allow the transmission to rotate on its mounting bolt.
b. Attach the transmission clevis to the torque tube with the proper clevis pin, washers and cotter
pin.
c. Connect the electrical leads to the transmission assembly.
d. Check the adjustment per Paragraph 8-12.
8-12. ADJUSTMENT OF ENGINE ICE PROTECTION SYSTEM. (S/N 31T-7400002 to 8104073 incl.)
a. Remove the vane interconnect rod.
b. Make a template of aluminum or suitable material to insure the No. 1vane is held at 24 degrees ± I
degree.
c. Adjust forward micro switch contact screw to trigger the switch at the 24 degree vane position.
d. Adjust the rear micro switch contact screw to trigger the switch at the vane up position (flush
with the upper surface of inlet duct).
e. Run the extension motor to full vane down position. While holding the vane at the point where
the micro switch just makes contact (down position), adjust the interconnect rod to allow the pin to just slip
into position.
f. Retract the vane.
g. Remove the pin and increase the length of interconnect rod by extending each rod end three full
turns.
h. Reconnect the pin.
i. Test run the system and recheck the vane up and vane down positions.
j. With vane down, turn the vane up limit switch contact screw in one full turn.

2I17
2117 PA-31T and PA-31T
8-12a. ADJUSTMENT OF AIR INLET ICE PROTECTION SYSTEM. (S/N 31T-8304001and up.)
a. To insure that the ice protection system actuator is correctly rigged, perform the followingsteps:
1. Fabricate a "Length Rigging Gauge" per information given in Figure 8-2b, and a "Test
Harness and Connector" per Figure 8-2b.
2. With the lower cowl removedfrom the airplane, removethe actuator assemblyfrom the lower
cowl and set it aside for adjustment.
3. Manually position the inertial doors in the non-icing or flight position (Front door up, Rear
door down).
4. Utilizing the fabricated rigging tool, ascertain the distance between the holes of the actuator
horns by inserting the pins through the rigging tool and into the horns. Adjust the tool to fit without moving
either horn. Tighten the tool wing nuts to retain this position and remove the tool from the cowl assembly.
5. With the actuator assembly on the work bench and the fabricated test switch assembly
connected, electrically activate the actuator to its full length, allowingthe-limit switch to stop the movement
6. Adjust the overall length of the actuator to match the rigging tool length by adjusting the clevis
bolt length on the end of the actuator. Do not adjust the limit switch unless it is absolutely necessary.
NOTE
If the limit switch must be adjusted, take care not to exceed the stop
pin on the actuator assembly. Resafety wire the jam nut on the clevis
bolt after rigging.
7. Electrically operate the actuator to its fully retracted position. Allow the limit switch to stop
the travel.
NOTE
Do not allow the ball nut assembly to rotate on the threaded shaft.
8. Manually position the inertial separator doors to the icing position (Front door down. Rear
door up): insure that the front door trailing edge is flush with the fixed turning valve - see Figure 8-2a for this
position.
9. Establish the distance between the actuator horn holes with the rigging tool as done previously
in Step 4. Lock the tool length and remove from the cowl.
10. After removing the rigging tool, further shorten the overall length of the tool by an additional
.125 of an inch.
11. Adjust the actuator length to match the rigging tool by adjusting the rear limit switch.
NOTE
Do not adjust the length of the clevis bolt at this time. It may be
necessary to lengthen the slot in which the limit switch is mounted to
accomplish this adjustment. If this is necessary, remove the switch
mounting hardware and file out the slot to the required length.
POWER PLANT
Added: 4/25/83 PA-31T and PA-31TI
2118
12. Reinstallthe actuatorassemblyinto the lower cowling and connect the assemblyto the actuator
horns. Activatethe systemto the open and closedpositionsto assure its proper operation.
13. In the non-icingposition ascertainthat both doors stop electricallybefore the mechanicalstop is
contacted.Also insure that the rear door has no less than .064 of an inch gap between its trailing
edge and the lower surfaceof the tunnel.
14. In the icingpositionascertainthat the forwarddoor does not extend below the fixed turningvane.
and the reardoor has no less than .064 of an inch gap betweenits trailingedge and the upper stop
angle. (SeeFigure 8-2a.)
NOTE
Airplanes equipped with Kit Assembly 765-156 shouldfollow steps 15-18for
rigging of tube assembly.
15. In the full closed icing position,locate the forwardvane restraint tube assemblywith the clevis
towardsthe aft end of the cowland the assemblyon the side oppositethe actuator.
16. Move the clevis pin, throughthe slot, to one of the three adjustmentholes providedand adjust the
clevis end as requiredto align the rod assemblyattach holes with the holes in the forward and aft
arm assemblies.The torquetube must be fully compressed.
17. Turn theclevis out one-halfto one turn and then lock it.
18. Install the tube assembly using appropriatehardware and activate the system through several
cycles to insure no binding.
CAUTION
Throughout the rigging procedure and installation of the actuator, DO NOT
allow the ball nut to rotate on the threaded shaft.
8-13. INLET AIR DEICERBOOT.Referto SectionXIV for informationregardingthe air inlet deicer boot.
THIS SPACEINTENTIONALLY
BLANK
POWER PLANT
Interim Revision:10/15/97 2I19 PA-31T and PA-31T1
PIPERCHEYENE SERVICE MANUAL
1. DEICER LIP, ENGINE AIR SCOOP 14. FIREWALL

2. HINGE. DEFLECTOR ASSEMBLY 15. BOLT ASSEMBLY, TRANSMISSION MOUNTING
3. ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR 16. MOTOR, TRANSMISSION
4. BLOCK ASSEMBLY 17. ROD
S. ARM ASSEMBLY (2 REQ) 18. TORQUE TUBE ASSEMBLY
6. TORQUE TUBE ASSEMBLY 19. BYPASS DOOR
7. LIMIT SWITCHES 20. ROD ASSEMBLY
8. FIRE SHIELD 21. PIN
9. HINGE, DOOR ASSEMBLY 22. BOLT ASSEMBLY (2 REQ)
10. ARM ASSEMBLY (1 REQ) 23. LINK ASSEMBLY
11. ROD ASSEMBLY, ICE DUMP DOOR 24. TRANSMISSION SCREW SHAFT
12. ARM ASSEMBLY (2 REQ) 25. CLAMP PUERS
13. TRANSMISSION SLEEVE 26. ROD END
27. BRAKE SOLENOID
2.12
SKETCH A SKETCH B
Figure 8-2. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System (S N 31T-7400002 to 8104073 incl.)
Revised: 4/25/83 2I20 POWER PLANT

PA-31T and PA-31T1
3 MICRO SWITCHES
4 FORWARDDEICEDOOR FWD TUNNEL
5 AFTDEICEDOOR
6 TURNING VANVE
7 UPPER STOP ANGLE
8 MECHANICALSTOPS VIEW A-A
Figure 8-2a. Air Inlet Ice Protection System (SN 31T-8304001 and up)
Added: 4/25/83
POWER PLANT
2121 PA-31T and PA-31TI
C747 3 POLE 3 POS MOMENTARY 587 787 PLUG (AMP-206705-2)

SWITCHCENTER-OFF 555 818
PINS (AMP 66359)
2 558 467
28V 4 4 ACTUATOR
28V ASSEMBLY
CONNECTORTO MATE
WITHACTUATORASSEMBLY
TEST SWITCH
SEE DETAILB
DETAILA
RIGGING GAUGE DETAIL
Figure 8-2b. Special Equipment for Rigging Inertial Separator Doors (S/N 31T-8304001 and up)
POWER PLANT
Added: 4/25/83 PA-31T and PA-31T1
2122
2. BOLT ASSEMBLY
9 3. RODEND
4. JAM NUT
5. SPRING
6. SPACER
10 7. SEAL
. TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY
8-14. OIL COOLEREXHAUSTDOOR.

8-15. REMOVALOF OIL COOLERDOORTRANSMISSION.(Refer to Figure 8-3.)
a. Removethe accesspanels on the nacelle to gain accessto the transmissionassembly.
b. Extend the oil cooler door to its full open position.
c. Disconnectthe electricalleadsfrom the transmissionand motor assembly.
NOTE
In some manner identify the leads to facilitate installation.
d. Disconnectthe transmissionrod from the oil cooler door and remove the sleeve,jam nut, spring,
spacer, and seal from the transmissionrod.
e. Disconnect the transmission from the fire wall mounting bracket and remove the complete
assemblyfrom the aircraft.
8-16. CLEANING,INSPECTIONAND REPAIROF OIL COOLERDOORTRANSMISSION.
a. Removeaccesspanel on top of enginenacelle.
b. Position oil cooler door in the open position by activatingthe switch in the over head panel.
c. Clean the transmissionassemblywith a suitable solvent.
d. Inspect the transmissionscrewshaft (14) for back lash by the followingproceedure:
1. Disconnecttransmissionfrom Oil Cooler Door.
2. Clamp a pliers (vise grips)using a light pressure on the transmissionscrewshaft (14) Refer
to Figure 8-3.
3. Rotate the screw shaft by moving the pliers. A slight movement should be felt, but not to
exceed .312 (5/16) of an inch on a 6 inch radius from the shaft.

2I23 PA-31T and PA-31T1
e. Check transmissionsleeve(15), screwshaft (14), and rod end (3) for distortion.
f. Check brake solenoid assembly (16) for any excessivewear, broken parts, and sticking or burned
out solenoid.
g. After the transmissionscrew shaft and sleeve have been cleaned and dried, a coating of Aircraft
Actuator Grease (MIL-G-23827)should be applied to the transmissionscrew shaft.
h. When the transmissionassembly is disassembledfor any reason, it should be repacked 75 percent
full with Dukes grease(P/N 219674-1).
8-17. INSTALLATIONOF OIL COOLER DOORTRANSMISSION.(Refer to Figure 8-3.)

a. Position the transmissionassemblyin the mounting bracket with the rod protruding through the
oil cooler duct and secure with the proper attachment hardware. Allow the transmission to rotate on its
mounting bracket.
b. Connect the electricalleads to the transmissionassembly.
c. Place the seal, spacer, and spring on the transmissionrod. Screw the jam nut and sleeve on the
rod.
d. Connect the transmissionrod to the oil cooler door with the attachment hardware.
e. Adjust the oil cooler door per Paragraph8-18.
8-18. ADJUSTMENTOF THE OIL COOLERDOOR. (Refer to Figure 8-3.)
a. Adjust the sleeve on the transmissionrod so the oil cooler door is flush with the bottom of the
nacelle in the fully closedposition.
b. Adjust the set screw on the oil cooler door to activate the limit switch just before the door is
fully open.
c. Check all attachment hardware for proper installation and security.
d. Check the operation of the oil cooler doors and indicator lights through a complete openingand
closingcycle.
8-19. PROPELLER.
8-20. REMOVALOF PROPELLER. (Refer to Figure 8-4.)
a. Remove the spinner by removing the attachment screws that secure the spinner to the spinner
bulkhead.
b. Remove the engine cowling.(Refer to Paragraph8-5.)
c. Remove the deicer brush block assembly.Usecaution to avoid damagingthe brushes.
d. Disconnectand remove the propeller reversinglever and carbon block from the feedbackring.
e. Install the feedback ring puller P/N 51519 and pull the feedback ring fully forward. Use a
standard 5/8 inch socket againstthe propeller hub. (Refer to Figure 8-9.)
CAUTION
Take the necessary precautions to avoid damaging the low stop

rods and the feedback ring.
f. Remove the safety wire from the propeller mounting bolts and remove the bolts using the
suggestedwrench (P/N 51514-00)
g. Place a drip pan under the propeller to catch oil spillage.
h. Remove the propeller from the engine flange. Remove the O-ring and cap the flange to prevent
contamination.

2I24 PA-31T and PA-31T1
8-21. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF PROPELLER.
NOTE
Refer to the latest revision of Hartzell Propeller Service letter No. 61 for
Recommended Overhaul Periods under various conditions, and Hartzell
Service Instructions No. 106 for approved repairs.
a. Check for oil and grease leaks.
b. Clean the spinner, propeller hub exterior, and blades with a non-corrosive solvent.
c. Inspect the hub parts for cracks.
d.Check all visible parts for wear and safety.
e. Inspect blades for damage or cracks. Nicks in the leading edges of blades sometimes provide the
conditions that allow fatigue cracks to start, and should be filed out and all edges rounded. Use fine
emery cloth for finishing. Refer to Figure 8-5 for propeller blade care.
f. Check the condition of the propeller mounting bolts.
g. It is recommended that for severe damage, internal repairs and replacement of parts, the propeller
should be referred to the Hartzell Factory or a certified repair station.
h. Each blade face should be sanded lightly and painted, when necessary, with a flat black paint to retard
glare. A light application of oil or wax may be applied to the surfaces to prevent corrosion.
i. Check the condition of the low stop rods and feedback ring.
j. Grease blade hub through jerk fittings. Remove one of two fittings for each propeller blade; alternate
the next time. Apply grease through the jerk fitting until fresh grease appears at the hole of the fitting
removed. Care should be taken to avoid blowing out hub gaskets.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to rotate the propeller blades using blade arms, as damage
will result to the feedback ring.
8-22. INSTALLATION OF PROPELLER. (Refer to Figure 8-4 )
a. Clean propeller and engine flanges.
b. Lubricate and install a new O-ring on the engine shaft.
c. Install feedback ring puller P/N 51519 and pull the feedback ring fully forward. Use a standard 5/8
inch socket against the propeller hub. (Refer to Figure 8-9.)
CAUTION
Take the necessary precautions to avoid damaging the low stop rods (5) and
the feedback ring.
d. Position the propeller on the engine flange and torque the propeller mounting bolts as follows:
NOTE
P/N B-3339 propeller attach bolts have the part numbers stamped inside the
cupped head. These bolts require a 5/8 inch, 12-point socket head wrench.
See Hartzell Service Instruction No. 140A.
1. Apply MIL-T-5544 or MIL-T-83483 Petrolated Graphite or Hartzell Lubricant P/N A-3338-( ) to
bolt threads and bolt washer surfaces (and remainder of bolt if desired).
2. Install the eight B-3339 bolts and eight A 2048-2 washers through engine flange into propeller flange.
3. Torque all bolts to 40 ft.-lbs. and then to 80 ft.-lbs. following torque sequence "A" shown on
Figure 8-4, Propeller Installation.
4. Final torque all bolts following torque sequence "B" shown on Figure 8-4 to 100 - 105 ft.-lbs.
5. Safety wire all bolts.
POWER PLANT
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2J1 PA-31T and PA-31T1
1 FLEX LOCK NUT

2 PISTON UNIT
3 RING. ROD END
4 BETA NUTS
5 LOW STOP RODS
6 SPRING, REVERSE RETURN
7 SLIP RING ASSEMBLY (DEICER)
8 O-RING
9 ENGINE MOUNTING FLANGE
10 BOLT
11 SPINNER BULKHEAD
12 FEED BACK RING
13 REVERSING LEVER
14 CARBON BLOCK ASSEMBLY
15 BRUSH BLOCK ASSEMBLY,
PROP DEICER
A A
SECTION
Tightening Sequences for

Propellers which use
B-3339 Mounting Bolts.
Figure 8-4. Propeller Installation

PA-31T and PA-31T1
2J2
e. Install the deicerbrush block(Referto SectionXIV for brushalignmentprocedures.)

f. Installthe propellerreversinglever with the carbonblockin the feedbackring. (Referto Figure 8-9.)
NOTE
Check this clearance by holding the carbon block against one face of the
feedback ring. Usefine sandpaper on the block to obtain this clearance.
Ascertain that the block is free to rotate in the reversing lever. (Refer to
Figure 8-9.)
Figure 8-5. TypicalNicksand RemovalMethod
POWER PLANT
Interim
Revision:10/15/97 2J3 PA-31T and PA-31T1
TABLEVIII-I. PROPELLERSPECIFICATION
Hub, Model HC-B3TN-3B

Blade, Model T10173-HB8 or T10173-B8
PropellerRPM Setting PM
Engine Static High RPM 2200 RPM max.
Beta Nut Setting @2000 RPM 20.2 degrees
Propeller Torque Limits Description Required Torque

PropellerMountingBBolts(P/N B3339) 100-105 ft.-lb.
TABLEVIII-II. LIST OF VENDORPUBLICATIONS
PA-31T Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual No. 3013242

PA-31TI Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual No. 3030442
Address: Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Limited. Box 10.

Longueuil. Quebec Canada
PA-31T Engine Mounting Systems Lord Bulletin No.

Series SM-6304
Address: Lord Aerospace Products

Erie, Pennsylvania 16514
g. Rotate the propeller slowly and check the run out of the feedback ring with a dial indicator. Run out
must not exceed .010 of an inch total indicator. If the run out is excessive, loosen the nut on the front
of the low stop rods and the jam nut at the feedback ring: adjust the low pitch stop rods to obtain the
specified tolerance. Torque the jam nuts at the feedback ring to 12 foot-pounds. Torque the nut on the
front of the low stop rods to 22 foot-pounds.
h. Check the Beta valve rigging. Refer to Pre-Run Rigging Procedure.
i. Perform an engine ground check and check the 2000 rpm torque setting per appropriate Paragraphs in
this section.
8-23. PROPELLER ADJUSTMENT. Refer to appropriate paragraphs in this section for propeller and propeller
control adjustments.
POWER PLANT
PA-31Tand PA-31T1 2J4 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
8-24. PROPELLERGOVERNORS.
8-25. REMOVALOF PROPELLERCONSTANTSPEEDGOVERNOR.
a. Removethe upper enginecowlingper Paragraph8-5.
b. Disconnectthe electricalconnections from the governor.
c. Disconnectthe prop pitch control rod at the governor control lever.
d. Disconnectthe pneumatic tube at the governor.
e. Removebolt, washer,and nut connecting governorcontrol arm to interconnecting rod.
f. Removebolt, spacer,and nut which connect the control link to the propeller reverselever.
g. Removethe clevispin from the fork end of the Beta control valve.
h. Removenuts and washersand withdraw governor from mounting pad. Removegasket.
8-26. INSTALLATIONOF PROPELLERCONSTANTSPEEDGOVERNOR.
a. Install gasket over studs on governor mounting pad with the raisedside of screen facing up.
b. Install governor and secure with washers and self-locking nuts. Torque nuts 170 to 190
inch-pounds.
c. Connect fork end of Beta control valve to reversinglever with pin and secure with washersand
cotter pin.
d. Secure fork end of control link to the propeller reversinglever with bolt, spacer,washer and nut.
Torque nut 24 to 36 inch-poundsand secure with cotter pin.
e. Connect governor control arm to interconnecting rod with bolt, washer and nut. Torque nut
25-35 inch-poundsand secure with cotter pin.
f. Connect the pneumatic tube at the governor; torque coupling nut 90 to 100 inch-pounds and
lockwire.
g. Connect and secureelectrical connections to the governor.
h. Connect the prop pitch control rod to the governor control lever.
i. Check the governoradjustments per Paragraph8-27.
j. Reinstallthe engine cowling.
8-27. CONSTANTSPEED GOVERNORADJUSTMENTS.(Refer to Figures 8-8 and 8-11.) After repair

or replacement of the propeller governor, the adjustments must be checked as follows:
a. With the engine static, disconnect the front air pressure tube at the governor connection and
blank off nipple and pneumatic line with suitable caps.
b. Perform the pre-start check. (Refer to Paragraph 8-58, Steps a thru c.)
c. Start the engine (refer to Paragraph 8-58, Steps d thru f), and allow it to warm up in the idle
setting until normal operating oil temperature is reached, 75° C (165° F) minimum.
d. Advance the power control lever to obtain 80% Ng, and perform two feathering cycles to purge
air from the system. To reduce feathering time, turn feathering adjuster ( 5, of Figure 8-11)
counterclockwise.
NOTE
Two complete turns (counterclockwise from the nominal setting)

is the maximum permitted adjuster range.
e. Set propeller control lever in fine pitch, and advance the power control lever sufficiently to allow
the propeller to constant speed. Temporarily mark the position of the lever on the quadrant and record Ng.
f. Loosen the locknut and adjust the governing maximum speed adjuster (1, of Figure 8-11) to
obtain the desired Np. Counterclockwise rotation of screw increases speed. Tighten the locknut when
adjustment is completed.
Reissued: 2/6/81 POWER PLANT

2J5 PA-31T and PA-31TI
g. Record Np, torque and fuel flow.

h. Shutdown the engine and reconnect the front air pressuretube at the governor.Torque 90 to 100
inch-pounds, and restart the engine.
CAUTION
Do not disturb the pneumatic maximum adjustment (2, of Figure

8-11).
i. Advance the power lever to position previouslymarked, and compare Ng with figure previously
recorded. If Ng has changed from previous value, recheck that the air bleed link (27, of Figure 8-8) is
locked hard against the pneumatic maximumstop (28, of Figure 8-8). Note that an Ng changeof up to 100
rpm is-acceptable,but-if the change-isabove this, replace-thepropeller-governor -
j. Shutdown the engine, disconnect the interconnect rod (22, of Figure 8-8) at the air bleed link
and secure link to minimum stop.
k. Restart and run engine. With the propeller control lever set in fine pitch, advance the power
control lever sufficiently to obtain a constant speed condition and check that Np governs at 95%± 1%of
maximum speed set in Step (f). Adjust the pneumatic minimum eccentric adjuster (3, of Figure 8-11), as
necessaryto meet this requirement.
1. Shutdown the engine and reconnect the air bleed link (27, of Figure 8-8) to the interconnect rod
(22, of Figure 8-8).
m. Restart the engine and check the reversepower setting.
8-28. PROPELLEROVERSPEEDGOVERNOR.
8-29. REMOVALOF PROPELLEROVERSPEEDGOVERNOR.
a. Remove the engine cowling.
b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the overspeedgovernor.
c. Remove the nuts and washers securing the overspeed governor to the reduction gearbox and
withdraw the assemblyfrom the mounting studs. Discard the mounting gasket.
d. Examine the overspeedgovernor drive for damage and wear; replaceif necessary.
8-30. INSTALLATIONOF OVERSPEEDGOVERNOR.

a. Install a new mounting gasket over the studs.
b. Install the overspeed governor on the mounting pad; be certain the drive shaft is properly
engaged. Secure with washersand self-lockingnuts; torque to 125 to 170 inch-pounds.
c. Connect the electrical leadsto the overspeedgovernor.
d. Check the overspeedgovernoroperation per Paragraph8-31.
e. Reinstall the engine cowling.
8-31. OVERSPEED GOVERNOR OPERATIONAL CHECKS. Check the overspeedgovernor operation
as follows:
a. Start the engine and allow the engine instruments to stabilize.
b. Set the power levers to obtain 1625rpm propeller speed.
c. Set the propeller control to full forward, the "Reverse Not Ready" lights out.
d. Push up the Hydraulic Topping Governor switches and observe the drop in propeller rpm to
approximately 1540rpm.
e. Release the switches;the prop rpm should increase to the original rpm.
POWER PLANT
Revised:2/15/82 PA-31T
PA-31T and
and PA-31T1
2J6 PA-31T1
8-32. ENGINE. For detailed information concerning the following items refer to Table VIII-II for
appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.
a. Engine- General
b. Reduction Gear and Shaft Section
c. Air Inlet Section
d. CompressorSection
e. CombustionSection
f. Turbine Section
g. AccessoryDrives
8-33. ENGINE REMOVAL.(Refer to Figure 8-6.) The removal of either engine is basically the same
except for the routing of some wires, cables and lines, and the freon compressor assemblywhich is mounted
on the right engine. Remove the engine as follows:
a. Place a tail stand under the aircraft.
b. Turn off all cockpit switchesand disconnect battery.
c. Movethe fuel shutoff valve to the off position.
d. Remove the engine cowlingper Paragraph8-5.
e. Removethe accesspanelson the top and sidesof the nacelle.
f. Drain the engine oil. (Refer to Section II.)
g. Removethe propeller per Paragraph8-20.
h. Disconnect all fluid hoses, clamps, and electrical leads attached to the engineand engine mount
from the fire wall. Disconnect the freon compressor lines (right engine only) and remove the compressor
and compressor drive.(Refer to Section XIII.)
NOTE
In some manner identify disconnected items and mark all clamp
locations to facilitate installation.
i. Remove the fire extinguisher system (if installed).(Refer to Section XIV.)
WARNING
Use caution when working with the fire extinguisher system.
Accidental dischargemay cause bodily injury.
j. Disconnectoil cooler linesat engine and cap lines.
NOTE
The oil cooler system remainsattached to the fire wall and the ice
protection system is removed with the lower cowling.
k. Disconnectand remove the rear top left and top right fire seals from the engine.
1. Disconnect all drain lines attached to the engine, and the fuel lines attached to the scavenge
pump.
m. Disconnect the power control cable from the fuel control unit actuating lever and remove the
cable from the support bracket. Disconnectand remove the support bracket.

SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
CAUTION
Do not bend the power control cable in the direction offeringthe

greatest resistance, as damagewill be done to the cable.
n. Disconnect the starting control cable from the start control lever arm and remove the cable clamp
from the cable support bracket. Disconnect and remove the support bracket.
o. Disconnect propeller control cable from the propeller control rod. Remove cable clamps and
draw the cable aft to the fire wall.
p. Attach lifting sling to the engine suspension points and using a one-half ton hoist, support the
engine to allow the engineand mount to be disconnected from the fire wall.
q. Swing the engine and mount free from-the-fire-wall;-check-to-becertain no attachments-remain
to obstruct its removal.
CAUTION
Do not tilt engine more than 22 degrees,as with the engine static
engine oil may contaminate the labyrinth oil seals resulting in
increasedoil consumption.
r. Move the engine away from the aircraft and place on a suitable stand.
s. Remove the accessoriesand equipment to be installed on the new engine and tag or identify all
items removed to facilitate installation.
NOTE
If the engineremoved is expectedto be inactivefor a periodof time,

refer to the Pratt and WhitneyEngine Maintenance Manual for the
necessarypreservation schedule.
8-34. ENGINE BUILDUP. Engine buildup consists of transferringthe necessaryaccessoriesand equipment

from the engine removed for overhaul to a new engine. Replace safety wire, lock washers,gaskets, and
rubber hoses when needed to complete the engine assemblyfor installation in the aircraft.
NOTE
Replacement engines must be purchased through the Piper Service

Department to be compatible with the Piper installation. Refer to
Section II, Table II-I. Leading Particulars for specific Rear
Accessorydrives for Right and/or Left engines.
CAUTION
Referto the Pratt and WhitneyEngineMaintenance Manualbefore
attempting to remove a new engine from the shipping container.
Reissued: 2/6/81
POWER PLANT
2J8 PA-31T and PA-31T1
1371
19 17
1370
4 1 2 27 6 TORQUE ALL MOUNT
ATTACHMENTS
13 TO 16 FT. LBS.
LEFT SIDE VIEW
Figure 8-6. Engine Installation (Typical)

TOPVIEW
BOLT- 50615 12 REQ)

WASHER- AN960-616 (12 REQ)
SAFETYWIRE - MS20995C41 REAR
VIEW22
SECTION A A
COMPRESS TO
DIM 203 450-500
In LBS
20
23
SECTION B- B REAR VIEW

1. BLEEDAIRPRESSURE 11. FUELCONTROL DRAIN 21. OIL PRESSURELINE
2. JETPUMPINLETDUCT 12. SOLENOID VALVE 22 HYDRAULIC LINE
3. OIL COOLERHOSE 13. BREATHER LINE 23. FUELDRAIN
4. PROPELLER GOVERNOR AIR 14. P3 LINE 24. PROPELLERCONTROL CABLE
PRESSURE LINE(Py) 15. P3 FILTER(PA-31TONLY) 25. STARTCONTROL CABLE
5. OIL DRIPSHIELDDRAIN 16. DRAINLINE 26. POWERCONTROL CABLE
6. STARTER GENERATOR DRAIN 17. TORQUE PRESSURE TRANSMITTER 27. STARTERGENERATOR COOLUNG
7. HYDRAULIC PUMPDRAIN 18 REARFIRESEAL DUCT
8. ENGINEMOUNTASSEMBLY 19. FRONT FIRESEAL 28. SCAVENGER PUMP
9. OIL DRAIN 20 OIL BREATHER 29. UNION
10. STARTCONTROLDRAIN
Figure 8-6. Engine Installation (Typical) (cont.)
POWER PLANT
PA-31T and PA-31T1 2J10 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
8-35. ENGINE INSTALLATION. The installation of either engine is basically the same except for the
hookup and routing of some wires, lines, and the freon compressor installation on the right engine. Before
installing the engine, be certain all engine accessories are properly installed, torqued and safetied.
a. With the engine suspended from a one-half ton hoist, carefully swing the engine assembly in
place. Use caution not to damage any engine components, plumbing and wiring.
b. Install the engine mount and torque the mounting bolts to value shown in Figure 8-6, Section
B-B.
c. Route and reconnect all previously disconnected fluid hoses, lines, and electrical leads from the
fire wall to the respective connections on the engine and secure with the appropriate clamps. (Refer to
Section XIII for freon compressor installation, right engine only.)
NOTE
Prior to installing compressor bleed air line fitting to engine, coat
the bolt threads which secure the fitting to the compressor case
with Fel-Pro C5-a Hi-Temp. thread compound. Torque the bolts
65 to 85 inch-pounds and safety with MS20995-C41 safety wire.
Apply an anti-seize compound to all male tubing threads; be
certain the compound does not enter the system.
d. Route the propeller control cable through the bracket and clamp assembly and reconnect to the
propeller control rod.
e. Connect the start control cable to the start control lever arm and attach the cable clamp to the
cable support bracket.
f. Connect the power control cable to the fuel control unit power lever.
g. Install the propeller per Paragraph 8-22.
h. Adjust the engine and propeller controls. (Refer to Paragraph 8-38.)
i. Reinstall the fire extinguisher system, if previously installed.
WARNING
Use extreme caution when working with the fire extinguisher;

accidental discharge may cause bodily injury.
j. Refill the oil tank with the specified type and amount of oil.
k. Connect the battery.
l. Reinstall access plates on the engine nacelle.
m. Perform the post installation procedures.
n. Check for fuel and oil leaks and security of the engine components.
8-36. ENGINE CONTROLS.
8-37. CONDITION LEVER. The condition lever controls the start control valve, which on the PA-31T1 is
part of the fuel control unit, and on the PA-3 IT, is located on the lower right side of the accessory gear box.
The condition lever has two positions, "on" and "off." The start control acts as a shut-off valve for the fuel
from the fuel control to the flow divider and dump valve assembly for fuel flowing to the primary and
secondary fuel nozzles.
As a second function, the condition lever operates one of the two switches necessary for ignition.
Power for the ignitor box is supplied through an overhead arm switch to a micro switch located at the
pedestal then to the ignitor box.

8-38. RIGGINGCONDITIONLEVER.
a. Rig the lever by adjusting the cable end so the start control lever is against the stop in the run
position. The cockpit control lever willhave approximately 0.062 inches springback.
b. Pull the condition lever in the cockpit full aft and be certain the start control unit leveron the
start control has reached its limits of travel in the idle cutoff position.
c. Check all jam nuts for security and control linkage attachment hardware for safety.
d. On the PA-31TI only, the flight idle adjusting nut should be backed off to the end of the thread
to render in operative. Movelever to ensure in the forward position. Be certain there is clearancebetween
the nut, spacer and the lever assembly.(Refer to Figure 8-11, Sketch C.)
8-39. IGNITION-CUTOFFSWITCH.The ignition-cutoff-switches-are-locatedin the control pedestal and
are activated by the start control lever.
8-40. ADJUSTMENTOF IGNITIONCUTOFF SWITCH.
a. Set the condition leversin the cutoff position.
b. With the adjustment screw on the switch bracket, adjust the switch toward the condition lever
until the switch is actuated at 1inch of forward travel of the condition lever. The adjustment screw may be
reached by inserting a long screwdriverthrough the travel slot of the start control lever in the pedestal
cover.
8-41. PROPELLER PITCH CONTROLLEVER. The propeller control lever controls propeller pitch and
propeller RPM through a constant speed governor located at the forward top of the enginereduction gear
box.
8-42. RIGGINGPROPELLERPITCHCONTROLLEVER.
a. Adjust the pitch control lever so the governor control arm has contacted the high rpm stop and
the pitch control lever has approximately 0.062 inches spring back. This is made by adjusting the pitch
control rod end at the propeller governor.
b. Securejam nuts and check attachment hardware for safety.
8-43. POWER LEVER. The power lever cable is attached to the propeller cam box and fuel control
through a power lever arm. The propeller cam is attached to the fuel control through a fuel control unit
interconnect rod. The propeller cam is also attached to the beta valve and propeller governorthrough this
push/pull control.
CAUTION
When you are performing any maintenance on the power lever,

remember to disconnect the reversinglinkage either at forward
clevis attachment or at the rear clevisattachment on the propeller
cam.
This will prevent damage to the reversinglinkage in the event that

you haveto place the power leversin reverserange with the engine
not running.
8-44. RIGGINGTHE POWERLEVER. (Refer to Figure 8-8.)
a. Remove the clevispin attaching the wire rope to the cam lever.
b. Remove the bolts holding the power lever cable to the input arm (17) and fuel control
interconnect rod (9).

STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP3 STEP4
The stepsillustrate the correcthandling of the control. To avoiddamageto this precisionball bearing
control do not coil like a rope or force into position.
STEP 1 - The control is shippedin a figure eight configuration. Lift the control from the box.
STEP 2 - Hold control upright with both hands.
STEP3 - Remove shippingwire.
STEP4 - Start with the nearestend fitting and play out the loops of the control, one at a time.
To straightenthe control, estblish a hump and gently

524
arry it through from one end to the other.
Figure 8-7. Throttle Control Cable Handling Procedure

c. Establish the track point by moving the follower pin rearward in the cam slot until the cam just
starts to move rearward, then move the follower pin forward until the cam stops moving.
d. While holding the track point position, insert tool P/N 51516 behind the cam onto the pin and
hold the cam and tool in position with a small pair of vise grip pliers.
NOTE
Install the pliers tight enough to hold everything from moving, but
not tight enough to damage the cam.
Use of a dial indicator to sense Beta Cam movement may be an aid

to establishing track point.
e. Install rigging template (P/N 51518) with locator pin assembly (P/N 51513). (Refer to Figure 8-8.)
f. When rigging the input arm on the pivot pin, first remove the spline imprints on the inside of the
input arm clamp.
NOTE
When installing an input arm make certain both engines have the
same length lever. (Refer to the Parts Catalog.)

g. Position the power lever input arm (17) 90 degreesfrom the pivot pins. (Refer to Figure8-8, Sketch
A.) Place bolt through lower end of arm and lock in place.
NOTE
As you tighten the lock bolt, keep checking the arm to assure that
it has not moved and do not put too much force on the bolt as
you may push or pull the vise grip pliersloose and you willhave to
start all over again with track point set-up.
It is very important that the input arm be securely locked on the
shaft to prevent it from rotating on the shaft during engine
operation.
8-45. RIGGINGTHE FUEL CONTROLUNIT TO THE FUEL CONTROLACTUATINGLEVER.

NOTE
Cam box must be at "Track Point" for this adjustment and

wheneverthe engine is being rigged.
a. Install Beta Riggingtemplate (P/N 51518) and locator pin (P/N 51513).
b. Remove the interconnecting rod and rotate fuel control unit input arm ( 7 ) fully
counterclockwise and then slowly clockwiseuntil the fuel governor cam pick-up point is felt. This point
must be 22.5 degrees+ 0.6 degreesindicated on the template. (Refer to Figure 8-8.)
NOTE
Initial movement of the fuel control unit input arm from the fully
counterclockwise position is free from resistance until a pick-up
point is recognizedwhen a slight resistance is felt.
c. If the fuel control unit input arm (7) must be adjusted, unsafety the fuel control unit input arm
extension (8) and loosen the arm. Rotate the serrated washer (6) on the fuel control unit and fuel control
arm to obtain the proper rigging.
NOTE
The inner serrated increments are 15 degrees and the outer

serrated increments are 14.4 degrees giving an adjustment in
increments of 0.6 degrees.
d. Adjust the length of the fuel control unit interconnect rod (9) so that when the fuel control unit
input arm (7) is at the 22.5 degree position the rod end bearing of the fuel control unit interconnect rod (9)
just aligns with the top hole of the fuel control unit actuating lever(16). Then lengthen the control rod (9)
by unscrewingone rod end bearing 1.5 turns. Install the fuel control unit control rod and lock jam nuts and
safety.
e. Set the reversedead band to approximately 5/16 of an inch. (Refer to Sketch B, Figure 8-8.)

PA-31T
1372
NOTES
1 JAM NUTS(41) (SKETCHA) SHOULD
BE ADJUSTED SO NO TWISTIS PUT
INTO THE CONTROLCABLE HOUS-
ING (40)
SEE SKETCH E 2 SAFETY WIRE NOT USED ON AIR-
CRAFT WITH SERIAL NOS 31T-
7620003 AND UP
3 LUBRICATE THE PUSH-PULL CON-
18. PROPELLERGOVERNOR AIR TROL CABLE(1 9) WITH MOLY COAT
PRESSURETUBE Py G TYPE LUBRICANTS (100 HOUR
19. PUSH PULL CONTROL WIREROPE INTERVALS)
20. CENTERFIRE SEAL MOUNT RING
1 START CONTROLCABLE 21. LOW PITCH STOPADJUSTER 38. GAS GENERATOR MAXIMUM
2. STARTING CONTROLUNIT 22. PROPELLERGOVERNOR INTER- STOP
3. STARTING CONTROLARM CONNECTROD 39. SWITCH
4. FUEL CONTROLUNIT 23. PROPELLER SPEEDSELECTLEVER. 40. CONTROL CABLE HOUSING
5 ADJUSTMENT (IDLE SPEEDSET) MAX. STOP 41. JAM NUTS
(TOOL P/N 51517) 24. CONTROL LEVER 42. SEAL NUT
6. F.C.U.ARM SERRATEDSPACER 25. PROPELLERGOVERNORUNIT 43. CONTROL SHAFT
7. FCU. ARM 26. JAM NUT 44. BETA STOP
8. F C.U ARM EXTENSION 27. AIR BLEED LINK (RESETARM) 45. JAM NUT
9. F.C.U. INTERCONNECTROD 28. MAXIMUM STOP 45A. WASHER
10 CONTROL LEVER MOUNTING 29 WIRE ROPE CLEVIS 46. WASHER BOLT
BRACKET 30. PROPELLERREVERSINGLEVER 47. CONTROL PIVOT
11. ADJUSTMENT. (DEAD BAN) 31. BETA VALVE CLEVIS 48. ROD END
12. CAM FOLLOWERPIN 32. CAP NUT 49. BOLT
13. PIVOTPINS 33. CARBON BLOCK 50. OIL FILTER COVER
14 PROPELLERCONTROLCAM 34. TOOL. (BETA RIGGING SHIM P/N 51. P3 AIR SUPPLY FILTER
15. CLEVIS 51516 52. JAM NUT
16. FUEL CONTROLACTUATING 35. VISE GRIP PLIERS 53. ACCELERATIONADJUSTMENT
LEVER 36. TOOL (TEMPLATEP/N 51518) 54. START CONTROLARM
17. POWER LEVERINPUT ARM 37 TOOL(LOCATED PIN P/N 51513) 55. START CONTROL CABLE
Figure 8-8. Engine Controls

24
25
PA-31 T1
1701
SEE NOTE 3
SEE SKETCH E
Figure 8-8. Engine Controls (cont.)
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 PA-31T and PA-31TI
2J16
602
SKETCHA
LEVERARM
40
SEE
Referto throttle controlarm NOTE1
identificationarea.
DIMENSION 812- No marking (1 97 between hole)

DIMENSION= 750 - 2 stampd (1.75 betweenholes) DIMENSION - 1.437
525
REVERSE
DEAD BAND 14
SKETCHB SKETCHC
527
FLUSH
SKETCH D SKETCH E
POWER PLANT
Revised: 10/15/82
.75
1.00
I II
THROTTLECONTROLCABLE
SEALER
PRESSURIZATION
REFERTO SECTIONIV.
SKETCH F
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 PA-31T and PA-31T1
2J18
8-46. RIGGINGTHROTTLECONTROLCABLE TO THE POWERLEVERARM. (Refer to Figure 8-8.)

a. Removecontrol cable attaching bolt (49) from the power lever arm (17).
b. Lock cam lever at track point with tool (P/N 51516). (Refer to Paragraph 8-44, (cam box)
rigging.)
c. Install beta riggingtemplate (P/N 51518) and locator pin (P/N 51513).
NOTE
Power lever arm must be 90 degreesfrom pivot pins.
d. With the power control lever in the cockpit at idle position, adjust power cable rod end (48) to a
slip fit to the powercontrol arm attaching bolt (49).
e. Adjust the reversebeta stop (44) to the proper length.
NOTE
Leave the control cable disconnected to prevent someone pulling
the power lever into reverseand movingthe track point.
8-47. BETA VALVERIGGINGPROCEDURE.
a. Check the feedback ring for run out and carbon block clearance. (Refer to Figure 8-9.)
b. Install the dial indicator to measure run out on the forward inside surfaceof the feedback ring.
NOTE
When installing a new brush block remove an equal amount of
material from both sides of the block to obtain proper clearance.
c. Disconnectthe propeller governorinterconnect rod at the governor arm.
d. While holding the reversearm forward the piston should be just flush with the beta valvecap nut.
If adjustment has to be made, cut the safety wire on the low pitch stop adjuster and jam nut. Loosen the
jam nut and whileholding the barrel nut, turn the barrel in or out to adjust the piston flush with the cap
nut. Remember to keep checking flush fit while holding forward pressure on linkage. After adjusting the
beta valvetighten and safety the barrel and jam nut.
8-48. LOW PITCH STOP SWITCHADJUSTMENT.(Refer to Figure 8-9.) The low pitch stop switch is
mounted on the engine reduction gear case and is actuated by the movement of the feedback ring and
propeller reversinglever.Adjust the switch as follows:
a. Ascertain that the switch (7) is adjusted to obtain .032 of an inch space between the actuator
arm and switch body when the plunger (5) is fully depressed.
b. Should the switch (7) require adjustment to obtain the .032 dimension, loosen the switch
mounting screws slightly and make the adjustment with the adjusting bolt (13); then secure the switch
mounting screws.
c. Install the feedback ring puller (P/N 51519). Use a 5/8 standard socket against the propeller hub.
d. Adjust the plunger (5) and jam nut (6) to have the low pitch stop switch (7) click closed upon
reaching 1/4 inch forward movementof the feedback ring (10).
e. Recheck this setting and make any final adjustments. Lock the jam nut on the plunger and
torque 20-25 inch-pounds. Remove the puller after making this setting. Ascertain that the plunger (5)
moves smoothly in the bracket (11).
f. Removethe feedback ring puller (P/N 51519).
Reissued 2/6/81 2J19 PA POWER PLANT

849. RIGGING OF PROPELLER GOVERNOR INTERCONNECTING ROD TO PROPELLER

PUSH-PULLCABLE. (Refer to Figure 8-8.)
NOTE
Beforeriggingthe interconnecting rod, make certain the Beta valve

is properly rigged.
a. With the interconnect rod (22) removed from the propeller governor air bleed link arm (27),
loosen the rod end lock nuts. Hold the governor link arm forward against the low pitch adjuster stop (28)
and adjust the interconnect rod to a slip fit over the attaching bolt.
b. Pre-load the interconnecting rod by shortening-the over all length of the rod byturning each rod
end fitting one-half turn. Tighten lock nut to 32-36 inch-poundsand safety wire.
c. Secure the rod end with the attaching hardware and torque bolt and nut to 25-35 inch-pounds
and safety.
8-50. RIGGINGTHE PUSH-PULLCABLETO CAM BOX (Refer to Figure 8-8.)

NOTE
Cam box must be held at track point.

a. While holding forward pressure on the reversinglinkage, attach the clevis (15) at the end of the
reversingpush-pull cable to the second hole on the reversingcam lever.
b. Install clevispin to a slip-fit and secure pin.
8-51. PROPELLER REVERSE SWITCHADJUSTMENT.(Refer to Figure 8-8.) The propeller reverse
switch (39) is mounted on the rear propeller reverse linkage and is actuated by movementof the propeller
control cam (14) in the reversedirection. Adjust the switch as follows:
a. Be certain that all mechanicallinkage is properly adjusted.
b. Loosen the attachment screws and rotate the switch counterclockwiseuntil a click can be heard.
c. Move the switch a slight amount more approximately 0.031 of an inch and tighten attachment
screws.
d. Check that by depressingthe switch pickup trigger, NO click is heard.
8-52. REVERSE NOT READY SWITCHADJUSTMENT.On the aircraft a reverse not ready light is
installed on the pedestal forward of the propeller controls. One switch for each control is actuated off when
the propeller controls are full forward (or low pitch). The lights are operational only when the landinggear
is placed in the down position and the propeller controls are not full forward. The two micro-switchesare
adjusted as follows:
a. Adjust the screwson the prop control levers to activate the switches when the control leversare
in the full forward position against the stops.
b. Lock the screwsin position with nuts.
c. Check the adjustmentby movingthe control leversfull forward and listen for the micro-switchto
activate.
POWER PLANT
Reissued:
2J20 2J20 PA-31T and PA-31T1
8-53. THROTTLE CONTROL CABLE HANDLINGAND STORAGE (POWER LEVER). The throttle
control cables require special handling,storage and installation to prevent irreversibledamage to the cables.
The cables utilize close spaced ball bearingsabove and below a ribbon core of stainlesssteel.The following
handling and storageprocedures should be observed:
a. Uncoilingof the cable should be done as shown in Figure 8-7.
b. After the cable has been uncoiled the ribbon should be straightened.This assuresthat the control
is not twisted prior to installation.
c. Pliers or similar devicesshould not be used to grip any surfaceof the control.
d. Use the wrench flats on the end fittings and the terminal ends to prevent twisting when torquing
nuts or attaching hardware.
e. The bend radii shall be seveninches minimum.
f. The plane of bend can be changedby allowingthe control to coil easily into the new plane.
g. The control cable assembliesshould never be lubricated.
h. Do not twist, crimp, dent, apply side pressure,or stand on the control assembly.It is a precision
ball bearing deviceand improper handlingwill seriouslyaffect its operation.
8-54. THROTTLECONTROLCABLEREMOVALANDINSTALLATION(POWERLEVER).
a. Observehandling precautionsnoted in Paragraph8-53.
b. Remove access cover aft of the nose gear doors, inboard wing leading edgefairing,nacelle access
covers aft of enginefirewall, upper engine cowlingand pedestal accesscovers.
c. Before disconnecting cable obtain measurements of existing installation using the following
procedure. (Refer to Figure 8-8.)
1. Set throttle to idle and lock cam box similar to method for setting track point, do not
disturb enginerigging.
2. Usingcalipers measurethe distance between seal nut (42) and beta stop (44).
3. Backseal nut (42) off and measuredistance to end of threads.
4. Count the number of control pivot threads (47) engagedin rod end (48).
d. Cable to be replaced should be removed. Note routing and attachment points for installation of
new cable.
e. Starting at the accesshole aft of nose gear doors work the control cable through the fuselageinto
the wing leading edge and up to the nacelle attachment point. The control should be routed without any
restraint at either end or any undo forcing,during installation.
f. Ascertain that cable has been routed properly. Clampsshould not be overtightened;cables should
be free to move through the clamps.
g. Check for smooth operation of control before connectingto attachment points.
h. Connect control cablesto pedestal throttle leverper Figure 8-8, Sketch F.
i. Install control cables to power lever arm as shown in Figure 8-8, Sketch A. Use measurements
obtained in Step c, above.
j. Resealthrottle cable at floor line, refer to Section IV.
k. Run the airplane and make the followingchecks per instructions given in this section:
1. Forwardgas generator (Ng)pickup dead band.
2. Powerlever alignmentcheck.
3. Reversemaximumpower setting.
4. Check that maximum (Ng) speed adjustment contacts part power trim stop.
l. If engineriggingis disturbed it will be necessaryto perform pre-run riggingand adjustments of
power control and continue through final engineadjustments.
POWER PLANT
Reissued:2/6/81 2J21 PA-31Tand PA-31T1
519 531 3
13
1. FEEDBACK RING PULLER NO. 51519

2. "SOCKET
3. PROPELLER HUB
4. BETA NUTS .005 MIN. .010 TOTAL
5. PLUNGER ASSEMBLY 002 MIN.
6. JAM NUT
7 LOW PITCH STOP SWITCH (BETA) .25
8. PROPELLER REVERSING LEVER
9. SPRING
10. FEEDBACK RING .032
11. BRACKET SPACE
12. CARBON BLOCK SPACE
13. ADJUSTING BOLT
14. BRUSH BLOCK RETAINER
Figure 8-9. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment

8-55. PRE-RUN RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF POWER CONTROL (AIRFRAME TO ENGINE
INTERCONNECT). (Refer to Figure 8-8.)
a. Rig and adjust all engine controls as per Paragraph 8-37 through 8-52 of this section.
b. Before the engine is started and running adjustments are attempted, engine instrumentation
should be calibrated. This includes the torquemeter, the ITT gauge, the propeller, and gas generator
tachometer gauges, and the fuel flow gauges. This instrumentation should be checked for accuracy as all
running adjustments are made by matching of engine instrument reading.
8-56. ENGINE DEPRESERVATION. After completion of a new engine installation and before the first
engine start, the following procedure should be followed to clear the engine:
a. Fill the engine oil tank with the recommended oil. (Refer to the latest revision of Pratt and Whitney
Aircraft of Canada Ltd. Service Bulletin No. 1001for the PA-3 IT and for the PA-31TI, Service Bulletin No.
12001.)
NOTE
When filling the oil tank, it is recommended that the oil be

foreign material in the engine.
b. Motor the engine to circulate the oil.

c. Recheck the oil level and refill as necessary. Normal oil level is one U.S. quart below the
maximum level mark.
d. Disconnect number one and two fuel manifolds at base of nozzle ring. Attach a short piece of
hose to permit fuel to drain into a container.
e. Set start control to run; ignition switch OFF; fuel pump on and fuel shutoff valve on. Insure
ignition micro switch on condition lever opens before fuelflow indication.
POWER PLANT
CAUTION
Do not exceed starter time limits (30 seconds ON, 1minute OFF,
30 seconds ON, 1 minute OFF, 30 secondsON, 30 minutes OFF).
f. Motor engine until clean fuel is drainingfrom number one manifold.
NOTE
Check for proper operation of oil pressure, fuel flow, fuel
pressure, and Ng percent indicator moves in the proper direction
during initial motoring run.
g. Removehose from number one manifold and plug line with a suitable plug.
h. Repeat Step f for number two fuel manifold.
i. Removeplugs and reconnect manifoldsand safety.
8-57. ENGINEMOTORINGRUN. An engine motoring run is used to clear the engine of trapped fuel or
vapors after an unsatisfactory start and to check for fuel system leaks after component replacement.
a. Set the power control leverat IDLE.
b. Set the starting control leverat CUTOFF.
c. Master switch ON (to supply electrical power to starter).
d. Fuel shutoff valveON.
e. Fuel boost pump switch ON (to provide lubrication for engine driven fuel pumpingelements).
f. Leave ignition switch OFF.
g. Operate the starter for 10 seconds.
CAUTION
30 seconds ON, 1 minute OFF, 30 secondsON, 30 minutes OFF).
h. Releaseengine starter switch.
i. Fuel boost pump switch OFF, after Ng has stopped.
j. Master switch OFF.
8-58. ENGINEGROUNDCHECKAND SAFETYPRECAUTIONS.
a. Prior to ground testing the engines,the followingsafety precautions should be adhered to:
1. Position the airplaneinto the wind.
2. Set the parking brake and chock the wheels.
NOTE
The importance of placing chocks in front of the wheelscannot be
overstressed. It is possible for the airplane to move with just the
brakes applied when the power being applied exceeds 600
foot-pounds of torque.
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 PA-31T
3. Be certain a fire extinguisher is readily available.

4. Be certain the area around the airplane is free of loose objects.
5. Check that the engine intakes and exhausts are free from foreign objects.
6. Ascertain that the danger areas around the airplane are clear of personnel.
b. Ascertain the engine indicating systems are properly calibrated. (Refer to Paragraph 8-95.)
c. Install the lower cowl if not previouslyinstalled; remove the upper cowl if installed, and install
the ground testing cowl P/N 51520 which is availablethrough the Piper ServiceDepartment.
NOTE
Before attempting to start the engine, personnel should be

checked out by a qualified pilot or other responsibleperson on the
engine starting and shutdown procedures, and any other system _
functions which may be required to properly and safely operate
the power plants. The use of the Pilot's Operating Manualfor this
information is required.
d. Start the engine and idle three to five minutes. Cycle the propeller while running. Check the
inter-turbine temperature and torque gauges for proper operation.
e. Shutdown the engine and check the oil level.Refill if necessaryto proper level(1 quart below the
full mark).
f. Restart the engine.
g. Check the secondary low pitch stop operation as follows:
1. Move the power leverstoward reverseuntil the low pitch "Beta" lights come on.
2. Push down and hold the lock pitch test switches whilecontinuing to move the power levers
toward reverse.The prop should not go into reverse,and the lights should blink.
3. Continue to movethe power leverstoward reverseuntil mechanicalresistance is felt.
CAUTION
Do not force the power levers to full reverse, this could cause
damage to the linkage.
4. When mechanical resistance is felt in the power levers, release the secondary low pitch
switch. The props should go toward reverse(increasein prop RPM).
h. Check the overspeedgovernoroperation as follows:
1. Set power leversat 1625 RPM.
2. Set propeller control to full increase RPM;the "Reverse Not Ready" lightsout.
3. Push up the Hydraulic Topping Governor (HTG) switches and observe the drop in prop
RPM.The drop should be approximately 50 RPM.
4. Releasethe switches;the prop RPMshould increase to the original RPM.
8-59. ENGINE IDLE AND POWER ADJUSTMENTS.(Refer to Figures 8-8 and 8-10.) Engine
adjustments must be performed after installation of an engine;however, each adjustment can be performed
independently if a specific component or adjustment is to be checked. An example of an adjustment check
sheet is providedto recorddata obtained during the adjustment procedure. (Refer to Chart 8-1or Chart 8-2.)
Before attempting any power adjustments,mcheck to be certain the engine controls are properly rigged.
2/6/81
Reissued: POWER PLANT
NOTE
Engine instrumentation must be correctly calibrated before

attempting any adjustments.
NOTE
When performing power adjustments, the engines are to be run
with no load applied. Disconnectand cap the air bleed tube at the
rear fire seal, generatorsoff, etc. Power checks must be carried out
under low wind conditions with the aircraft facing into the wind.
CAUTION
Shutdown the engineif at any time inter-turbine temperature (T5)
rises abnormally.
a. FORWARDGAS GENERATOR(Ng) PICKUPDEAD BAND. The forward pickup dead band is
the amount of travel the power lever linkage moves before the gas generator speed starts to increase. The
forward pickup must be matched on each power leverto provide matched power output from the engines.
Adjust the forward dead band on the fuel control unit interconnect rod. (Refer to Figure 8-8.) Shortening
the rod will decreasethe amount of dead band.
b. 2000 RPM TORQUE SETTING.The 2000rpm torque setting is adjusted usingthe low pitch stop
adjuster on the engine. (Refer to Figure 8-8, Sketch D.) Adjust the 2000 rpm torque using the following
procedure:
NOTE
It is not necessaryto cap the bleed airline when checkingthe 2000
rpm torque setting.
1. Accurately record the stabilized outside air temperature in degreesCentigrade, and set the
altimeter window to 29.92 and record the pressurealtitude.
2. Start the engine and allow the instruments to stabilize.
3. With the propeller lever full forward, advance the power lever until 2000 rpm propeller
speed is obtained.
4. Record the engine torque indicated on the torquemeter.
5. Shutdown the engine.
6. Refer to Chart 8-3 and read the desiredengine torque for the prevailingambient conditions.

2K1 PA-31T and PA-31T1
7. Insure that the Beta valve slot is flush with the Beta valve capnut minor torque changes can be
made by adjusting the low pitch stop adjuster as follows: (Refer to Figure 8-10.)
(a) Holding track point position on the cam control lever, insert tool P/N 51516 behind the
cam on to the pin and hold the cam and tool in position with a small pair of vise grip
pliers. Install vise grip pliers tight enough to hold the control cam from moving, but not
tight enough to damage the cam. (Refer to Figure 8-8, Sketch C.)
(b) Temporarily secure the reset arm to one of the governor screws; then disconnect the
propeller governor interconnect rod from the air bleed link (reset arm).
(c) Loosen the jam nut on the low pitch stop adjuster.
(d) Holding the adjuster slowly turn the barrel in or out to obtain the desired torque setting.
CAUTION
Turning the barrel out will increase torque and turning the barrel in
will decrease the torque.
DO NOT turn the barrel more than two turns. (1/2 turn equals
approximately 50 foot-pounds of torque.)
(e) Tighten the jam nut on the adjuster, remove any securing device used to hold the reset arm
and reconnect the interconnect rod.
NOTE
It may be necessary to readjust the interconnect rod. Refer to

Paragraph 8-49.
(f) To insure that no movement was transferred through the wire rope to the cambox. check
the clevis pin fit with the cam at track point. The clevis pin must be a slip fit.
NOTE
The torque meter reading should be within 40 foot-pounds of the

value obtained from chart. Right and left engines should be 20 foot-
pounds of each other.
(g) Ascertain tht all holding devices are removed and that all areas are properly safety wired.
POWER PLANT
2K2
C228 ADJUSTBARREL- NOMORETHANTWOTURNS(

PROPELLER
CONTROLCAM TURN=50 FT.LBS.TORQUE)SHOULDNOCHANGE
TAKEPLACE- CHECKFOR CAUSE.
CCLEVIS
NUT
TEMPORARYTIEAIR BLEEDRESET
ARM TO A GOVERNORSCRI
REMOVEUPONCOMPLETION
ADJUSTMENT
DISCONNECTINTERCONNECT
RODBEFOREADJUSTINGLOW
NOTE PITCH STOP MAY REQUIRE
AFTERADJUSTMENTOF TORQUE READJUSTMENT UPONRECON-
INSURE PIN IS STILL A SUP FIT NECTIONTO AIR BLEEDARM.
WITHCAM AT TRACKPOINT REFERTO PARAGRAPH8-49
Figure 8-10. Minor Torque Adjustment
c. IDLE SPEEDADJUSTMENTS.The engineidle speed is controlled by two separate adjustments;

minimum governingspeed and minimum fuel flow. The minimum governing speed adjustment controls
engine idle at pressure altitudes from sea level to approximately 3500 feet at which the fuel flow required
to achieve 52% gas generator (Ng) idle is greater than the minimum fuel flow setting. At higher altitudes
the minimum fuel flow setting will governNg idle speed.
CAUTION
The minimum fuel flow setting is NOT FIELD adjustable
NOTE
Do not attempt idle speed checksat pressure altitudesgreater than
3,500 feet.
Adjust idle speed as follows:
1. Checkto insure that the power leverlinkageis adjusted per Paragraph8-55.
2. Start the engine and let the oil temperature stabilize.
3. Set the propeller control lever to feather position.
POWER PLANT
2K3
4. If Ng is less than 52%,proceed as follows:

(a) Adjust minimum governingspeed adjuster with tool (P /N 55157)(refer to Figures 2-16
and 8-11,Sketch B & C) to obtain 52%Ngminimum.Turn adjuster clockwiseto increase
speed, or counterclockwiseto decrease speed.
NOTE
The right engine with the air conditioning compressor may require
setting idle speed to obtain 55%Ng with compressornot operating
to compensate for accessoryload when air conditioning system is
on.
CAUTION
The minimum governingspeed adjustment is extremely sensitive;

turn the screw in small increments; 1/16 of a turn equals
approximately 1%changein Ng speed.
d. POWERLEVERALIGNMENTCHECK.
CAUTION
The wheels should be chocked and the parking brakes set when
applying power in excess of 600 foot-pounds, as the aircraft could
move.
1. Advance the power levers to 400, 600, 800 and 1,000 foot-pounds of torque and note the
dimensionswhich the power leversare out of alignment.
2. Adjustment is made by repositioning the fuel control arm (refer to Figure 8-8, item 7)
clockwise to advance a power lever or counterclockwiseto retard a power lever. This adjustmentmay also
require the readjustment of the fuel control unit interconnect rod (refer to Figure 8-8). Refer to Paragraph
8-44, Step "f" for adjustment of arm and Step "g" for adjustment of the interconnect rod.
3. Repeat Steps 1 and 2 as required to insure power lever alignment.
NOTE
If alignment of the power leverscannot be maintained throughout

their complete travel, it is recommended that a new power lever
arm (17) be used.
4. After the power levers are aligned, recheck the gas generator pickup and adjust with
interconnect arm (9).
5. With engines shut down, move power levers full forward and insure gas generator stop is
contacted. Power leversshould remain aligned at this position. If gas generator stop cannot be contacted on
one of the engines,the above adjustments must be made to the opposite power lever.
e. REVERSE GAS GENERATOR(Ng) PICKUPDEAD BAND. The reversegas generator pickup
dead band is the amount of travel the power leverarm moves before the cam followerpin contacts the fuel
control unit reversinglever; at this point the gas generator speed starts to increase. Adjust the pickup dead
band to approximately .31 of an inch. Gas generator pickup should occur when propeller rpm speed has
dropped 150 rpm. These settings may require additional adjustment to insure gas generator speed on both
enginespicks up simultaneouslyin reverse.
POWER PLANT
Revised: 10/15/82
2K4
f. REVERSE MAXIMUMPOWER SETTING. The reverse maximum power setting is limited to

200 shp (shaft horsepower) to achievethe correct reversepower setting, proceed as follows:
1. Start the engineand allow the instruments to stabilize.
CAUTION
Do not select reverse power with the engine static; as damage will
be done to the linkage.
2. Move the power levers into the reverse position and record the torque (Q) and propeller
speed (Np).
3. Movethe power leversto the idle position.
4. To determine the reverse horsepower, use the followingequation: Q x Np x 0.00019. This
equation will givethe reversepower for the prevailingambient conditions.
5. If necessary, adjust the reverse stop on the power lever linkage. (Refer to Figure 8-8,
Sketch A.) An increase in gap is equal to an increase in engine power. One flat on the reversepower stop
equals a 25 foot-pound increase in torque. For nominal setting, refer to Figure 8-8, Sketch A dimensionB.
6. Securethe jam nut on the reversestop after the adjustment is complete.
g. MAXIMUMPROPELLER SPEED. The maximum propeller speed is 2200 rpm. Adjust the
maximum propeller speed as follows:
2. With the propeller lever full forward, advance the power lever to obtain 2200 propeller rpm.
3. If necessary, adjust the maximum propeller speed adjustment to obtain the desired 2200
rpm.
h. MAXIMUM GAS GENERATOR (Ng) SPEED. (PA-31T only.) Refer to the Part Power Trim
Check Procedures, Paragraph 8-61.
i. PROP REVERSING ALIGNMENT CHECK.
1. With the engines running, slowly move the power levers toward reverse and note that the
propellers move into Beta together (RPMincrease).
2. Matching is determined by carefully rechecking and adjusting the Beta valve. (Refer to
Paragraph 8-55.)
j. MAXIMUM GAS GENERATOR(Ng) SPEED. (PA-31TI only).The maximumgoverningspeed
stop is preset on all fuel control units. The units should not be adjusted in the field.

SKETCH A
1 5 2
1 GOVERNOR MAX SPEED
ADJUSTMENT
2. PNEUMATIC MAX STOP (NOT
FOR FIELD ADJUSTMENT)
3. PNEUMATIC MIN ECCENTRIC
ADJUSTMENT
4 AIR BLEED LINK (RESET ARM)
5 FEATHERING ADJUSTER 4
-3
PROPELLER GOVERNOR
1 IDLE SPEED SET (MIN Ng

GOVERNING SPEED)
SKETCH B PA-31T only
(TOOL P/N 51517)
1 2 ACCELERATION ADJUSTMENT
3 MIN FLOW ADJUSTMENT (NOT
FIELD ADJUSTABLE)
4 PART POWER TRIM STOP
2 1
5 MAX Ng SPEED ADJUSTMENT
6 METERING SLEEVE
VIEW A-A
FUEL CONTROL UNIT
Figure 8-11. Running Adjustment Settings
Revised: 10/15/82 2K6 POWER PLANT

SKETCH C PA-31TI only
11
1 ACCELERATIONADJUSTMENT
2 P1 PRESSURE PORT
3 THROTTLE LEVER
4 IDLE SPEED ADJUSTING SCREW
(TOOL P/N 51517)
5 MAXIMUM SPEED ADJUSTMENT
6 Px PRESSURE PORT
7 CUTOFF LEVER
8 FUEL INLET
9 FUEL OUTLET
10 METERING VALVEMINIMUM FLOW STOP
(NOT FOR FIELD ADJUSTMENT)
11 P2 PRESSURE PORT
Figure 8-11. Running Adjustments Settings cont.

8-60. ENGINE GROUND TESTING. Ground testing procedures must be carried out periodically to
determine any changes in engine performance and detect any mechanicaldeterioration of the engine. All
forms of engine deterioration are accompanied by an increasein inter-turbine temperature and fuel flow at
a given power. Compressor deterioration is usually due to dirt deposits and causes an increase in gas
generator speed at a givenpower setting. This form of deterioration can be remediedby a compressor wash.
Refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual. Hot section
deterioration will cause a decrease in gas generator speed at a given power setting.
NOTE
Engine ground testing must be performed with no load applied

(bleed air capped off, generators off, etc.), and under low wind
conditions with the aircraft facing into the wind.
NOTE

attempting any power checks.
8-61. PART POWER TRIM CHECK. (PA-31T only)(Refer to Figure 8-11.) Fuel control units are
calibrated to insure maximumpower. The part power trim stop must be adjusted to insure maximumpower
on a 21° C (71° F) day. If engine inlet temperature is other than this, it will not be possible to set the
maximum Ng speed stop without first reaching either an inter-turbine temperature or a torque limit. To
overcome this, the part power trim stop is provided. The stop is a movable spacer placed between gas
generator maximum speed (Ng) stop and power lever anvil and represents a 1700 rpm (Ng)speed decrease.
The part power trim stop is permanently attached to the fuel control unit and is used only for engine
trimming.Adjust the maximumNg speed as follows:
a. Loosen the screw securing the part power trim stop and rotate the stop into position so as to
limit the power control lever,travel.
b. Disconnect and cap the air bleed tube at the rear fire seal. Do not allow any leakage.
c. Start the engine and allow it to stabilizewith no load applied to the engine (generatorsoff, bleed
airline capped off, etc.)
d. Advance the power lever until the part power trim stop is contacted and allow the engine to
stabilize at this setting with the propeller control forward.
CAUTION
If ambient temperatures are excessivelyhigh, it will be impossible

to perform this adjustment without reaching a temperature limit.
Do not exceed the maximum inter-turbine temperature limit
(750°C) and torque limit (1628 foot-poundsat 2000 RPM).
e. Check the gas generator (Ng) speed and, if required, adjust the gas generator maximum speed
adjustment to obtain 97.1% gas generator speed. 1/2 turn =approximately 1%change.
CAUTION
GAS GENERATOR SPEED MUST NOT EXCEED 97.1%

DURING CHECK AND ADJUSTMENT AND INTER-
TURBINE TEMPERATURE MUST NOT EXCEED THE
MAXIMUM LIMIT (750°C).
f. Shutdown the engine.
Reissued:2/6/81 2K8 POWERPLANT

PA-31T and PA-31T1
g. Stow and lockwire the part power trim stop and lockwire the gas generator maximum speed
adjustment.
h. Conduct a flight to an altitude of 15,000 feet. At some point, obtain a full throttle setting
without exceedingtorque or temperature limits. Observethat the maximumNg speed never exceeds 101%,
but does reach a minimum of 100%. If the Ng doesnot reach 100%;then readjust set screw on the ground
but DO NOT run up engine on ground. Re-fly the aircraft to obtain a minimumof 100%Ng.
i. If flight test shows Ng above 101%,then readjust set screw on ground to a lower setting and
re-fly aircraft as stated in Step h.
CAUTION
Never exceed 101.5%.
8-62. ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND DATA PLATE SPEED CHECK. (PA-31T only.) The data plate
trim speed is gas generator speed recorded and stamped on each engine data plate from the engine final
acceptance test. The engine performance and data plate speed check curve (refer to Charts 8-4 thru 8-8) are
used to determine the desired engine performance parameters. Determine the engine performance as
follows:
a. Obtain and record the outside air temperature at the engine with the engine operating, and set
the altimeter windowto 29.92 and record the pressure altitude.
b. Obtain reference rpm stamped on the engine data plate.
c. Refer to Charts 8-4 thru 8-8, and from the appropriate graph read and record torque, fuel flow,
gas generator speed/data plate speed ratio and inter-turbine temperature for the prevailing ambient
conditions.
d. With thesevalues established,proceed with engine performance check.
NOTE
This check must be carried out with zero power extraction (bleed
air capped off, generators off, etc).
e. Disconnectthe air bleed tube at the rear fire seal and cap the line. Do not allow any leakage.
f. Start the engine and allow it to stabilize.
g. Set propeller control lever to give2000 rpm with power leverset to give torque setting previously
determined from the engine performance curve. Allowthe instruments to stablizeat this setting.
h. Compare observed fuel flow, gas generator speed, and inter-turbine temperature with values
previously recorded. Determine the actual gas generator speed/data plate speed ratio as shown on Chart 8-8.
The valuesobservedmust be within the followinglimits:
1. Fuel flow - 15 lb/hr
2. Gasgenerator speed/data plate speed- ± 0.02
3. Maximuminter-turbine temperature not exceeded.
If temperature is more than 75° C below target temperature, check instrumentation.
i. If engine performance deviates from the preceding limits, refer to Table Vlll-ll for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.
NOTE
The importance of monitoring the performance of an engine

throughout its history cannot be overemphasized. The Aircraft Gas
Turbine Operation Information Letter #18 has been devised by
Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd.. and should be consulted
to aid in monitoring the engine performance trend. (Refer to the
latest revision.)

8-63. ENGINE OVERTEMPERATURE AND OVERTORQUE LIMITS. For overtemperature or

overtorque limits and the necessaryinspection procedures and corrective action, refer to Table VII-ll for
8-63a. ENGINE GROUND PERFORMANCE CHECK. (PA-31TI Only.) Engine performance checking
curves enables engine performance to be checked, on the ground, over a wide range of ambient temperatures
without overtorquing or overtemperaturingthe engine. Charts 8-9thru 8-12are used to determinethedesired
engine performance parameters. Determine the engine performance as follows:
NOTE
Engine instruments should-be-recently calibrated.
a. Obtain and record the ambient air temperature. Set the altimeter windowto 29.92and record the
pressure altitude.
b. Referto Charts 8-9thru 8-12,and from the appropriate graph read and record torque, fuelflow,gas
generator speed and inter-turbine temperature for the prevailing ambient conditions.
c. With these values established, proceed with engine performance check.
NOTE
This check must be carried out with generators off, but do not dis-
connect bleed air.
d. Start the engine and run at idle rpm for 5 minutes to allow temperatures to stabilize.
e. Set propeller control lever to give 2200 rpm with power lever set to givetorque setting previously
determined from the engine performance curve. Allow the instruments to stabilize at this setting.
f. Record and compare observed fuel flow, gas generator speed, and inter-turbine temperature with
values previously recorded. The values observed must be within the following limits:
1. Fuel flow - do not exceed.
2. Gas generator speed - do not exceed.
3. Maximum inter-turbine temperature not exceeded.
If temperature is more than 75°C below target temperature, check instrumentation.
NOTE
It is normal for the fuelflow, ITTand Ngto be belowthe chart value,

but should not exceed it.
g. If engine performance deviates from the preceding limits, refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate
NOTE

throughout its history cannot be overemphasized.The Aircraft Gas
Pratt and WhitneyAircraft of Canada Ltd., and shouldbe consulted
latest revision.)
POWERPLANT
Revised: 2/15/82 2K10 PA-31T and PA-31TI
2K10
GROUND ADJUSTMENT CHECK SHEET

PIPERCHEYENNE
NOMINAL SETTINGS AIRCRAFT NUMBER
IDLE (Ng - 52% MIN.

ENGINE NUMBERS L. R.
IDLE ITT - 660C MAX.
OIL PRESSURE- 40PSIMIN. (IDLE)
8O TO 100 PSI (TAKEOFF) MECHANIC
OIL TEMP. - OC to 99°C
FUEL PRESSURE- 15 to 35 psi DATE
MAX. PROPELLER SPEED - 2200 RPM
REVERSE MAX. POWER -200 HP
MAX. GAS GENERATOR SPEED - 97.1% AMBIENT CONDITIONS
(PART POWERTRIM STOP
CONTACTED.) PRESSUREALTITUDE FT
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP. oC

LEFT RIGHT LEFT (1) RIGHT (1)
ENGINE ENGINE ENGINE ENGINE
ADJUSTMENT SETTINGS PART POWER TRIM CHECK
FORWARD DEAD BAND IN. IN. TORQUE FT-LB FT-LB

Ng
2000 RPMTORQUE SETTING FT-LB FT-LB ITT °C
ITT C DATA PLATE SPEED

CHECK
IDLE SPEED (Ng)
REVERSE DEAD BAND IN. IN. TORQUE FT-LB (2) FT-LB FT-LB
REVERSE MAXIMUM POWER RPM RPM FUEL.FLOW LBS/HR (2) LBS/H R LBS/HR
FT-LB FT-LB 2)
MAXIMUM PROPELLER SPEED RPM RPM ITT C (2) °C
I
NOTES REMARKS:
1. INDICATED INSTRUMENT READINGS
2. APPLICABLE CURVE READINGS
Chart 8-1. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet (PA-31T)

2Kll PA-31T and PA-31T1

PIPER CHEYENNE
IDLE (Ng) -52% MIN. ENGINE NUMBERS L. R

IDLE ITT .660°C MAX.
OIL PRESSURE- 40PSI MIN. (IDLE)
80 TO 100PSI (TAKEOFF) MECHANIC
OIL TEMP - 0°C to 9°C
FUEL PRESSURE- 15 to 35 psi DATE
MAX. PROPELLER SPEED ·2200 RPM
PRESSUREALTITUDE FT
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP.

LEFT RIGHT
ENGINE ENGINE
ADJUSTMENT SETTINGS
FORWARD DEAD BAND IN.
2000 RPMTORQUE SETTING FT-LB
ITT °C
IDLE SPEED (Ng)
REVERSE DEAD BAND IN.
REVERSE MAXIMUM POWER
FT-LB
MAXIMUM PROPELLER SPEED RPM
NOTES REMARKS
1 INDICATED INSTRUMENT READINGS
Chart 8-2. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet (PA-31TI)

2K 12 PA-31T and PA-31T
PRESSURE ALTITUDE- FT.
PROP TORQUE AT 2000 RPM - LB. FT.
Chart 8-3. 2000 RPM Torque Curve
Reissued: 2/6/81
POWER PLANT
2K13 PA-31T and PA-31TI
370
350
55
OUTSIDEAIR
OUTSIDE - C
TEMPERATURE
AIR TEMPERATURE-°C
Chart 8-4. Fuel Flow (PA-31TOnly)
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 PA-31T and PA-31TI
2K14
1.05.
1.05
1.03
w
1.01
99
97.97
.
.95
10 20 40
OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE - "C
Chart 8-5. Gas Generator Speed/Data Plate Speed (PA-31T Only)
Reissued: 2/6/81
POWER PLANT
I I
800
Chart 8-6. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31T Only)
Reissued: 2/6/81
POWER PLANT
PRESSUREALTITUDE- FT.
Chart 8-7. Torque (PA-31T Only)
POWER PLANT
2K17
EXAMPLE:
DATA PLATE SPEED(DPS) PER ENGINE PLATE- 97 5%
OBSERVED GAS GENERATOR SPEED (Na) - 918%
OBSERVED GAS GENERATOR SPEED (Ng) 2
Chart 8-8. Data Plate Speed Ratio Curve (PA-31T Only)

3233
32U
400
350
300
250
50 60
200
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
OAT°C
105
T1 Only)
100
95
90
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 65
OAT°C
Added: 2/15/82 POWER PLANT

3234
3231
400 ........ . .
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 65
OAT°C
1200 8-12. Torque (PA-31T1 Only):

1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500

8-64. ENGINE SHOCK MOUNTS.

NOTE
Refer to the latest revision to Lord Bulletin No. SM-6304 for all
detailed information concerning cleaning, inspection, checking.
disassembly and assembly instructions.
Lord Aerospace Products
8-64a. INSPECTION OF MOUNT ASSEMBLIES. Mounting assemblies of the LM-423. LM-423R and
LM-4235 are to be visually inspected at each regularly scheduled inspection of the aircrafts engines, at each
engine overhaul and at every 300 hours maximum. Inspect these mounting assemblies in their installed state
by the following procedure:
a. Visually inspect all metal parts for cracks and excessive nicks, scratches or gouges.
b. Inspect all bolts, cotter pins and lockwires. Tighten and/or replace as required.
c. Inspect bonded sandwich mountings for metal-to-rubber bond separation or flex cracks.
d. Repair or replace any of the above components as required.
8-64b. CLEANING MOUNT ASSEMBLIES.
CAUTION
DO NOT use cleaning solvents on bonded rubber parts.
, Using a clean. dry cloth, wipe oil and dirt from the bonded rubber parts. Wash unbonded parts in dry
cleaning solvent, federal specification number PS-661 or equivalent.
8-65. REPLACEMENT OF SHOCK MOUNTS. (Refer to Figure 8-6.) The engine shock mounts may be
replaced as follows:
b. Attach a sling to the engine lift points and using a one-half ton hoist relieve the tension on the
mounts.
c. Remove the nut. washer, and bolt that attaches the mounting pad to the tubular engine mount.
d. Remove the safety wire from the mounting pad special bolts; remove the bolts and withdraw the
mount assembly.
e. Install the mount assembly in reverse order of removal. Torque the pad mounting special bolts to
225 to 300 inch-pounds and safety with MS20995-C41 safety wire.
f Torque the mount bolt to 450-500 in.-lbs. (Refer to Figure 8-6, Section B-B.).
8-66. ENGINE FIRE SEALS.
8-67. GENERAL. The engine fire seals are bolted to the engine fire seal flange forward and aft of the engine
compressor intake. The fire seals are constructed of semicircular sections and are designed to form a fire seal
between the engine and cowling. The fire seals also provide a mounting location and support for lines, wire.
and cables routed from the fire wall to the engine front accessories.
Revised:7/2/84 POWER PLANT

PA-31T and PA-31T1
2K21
8-68. ENGINEFUEL SYSTEM.

8-69. GENERAL.The fuel control system consists of a single engine driven pump, a fuel control unit, start
control, and a dual fuel manifold with seven nozzles per manifold. An automatic fuel dump valve and two
combustionchamber drain valves are provided to insure drainage of residual fuel after engine shutdown.A
scavengerpump system collects residual fuel after engine shutdownand injects the fuel into the aircraft fuel
tank during engine start. Refer to Table VIII-IIfor appropriatePratt and WhitneyEngine MaintenanceManual
for detailed information regarding removal, installation, and inspectionsto the various engine fuel system
componentsnot coveredin this manual.
8-70.FUEL CONTROLUNIT.
8-71. REMOVALOF FUELCONTROLUNIT.
a. Move the fire wallfuel shutoffto the off position.
b. Removethe engine cowlingper Paragraph8-5.
c. Disconnectfuel inlet hose, outlet tube, pneumatictubes, and fuel bypass tubes at the fuel control unit;
cap all lines to prevent contamination.On the PA-31T1only, also removethe control cable.
d. Disconnectthe fuel control unit interconnectrod at the fuel controlunit.
e. Remove mountingnuts and washers that secure fuel control unit to the fuel pump and withdrawfuel
control unit.
8-72. PREPARATIONFOR SHIPPING.Fuel control units taken out of service or being returned for overhaul
shouldbe preservedand packagedusing the followingprocedure:
NOTE
Do not permit fuel or oil to enter the drive body cavity or any air pressure
port.
a. Drain all residual fuel from the fuel section of the control and completely fill with clean oil
conforming to Specification MIL-0-6081, Grade 1010. Tip the control as necessary to assure a
completefilm on all parts and passagesin the fuel section.
b. After preservationis complete,drainthe oil from the control and replace all caps and plugs previously
removed.
c. When packagingthe unit for shipping,be certainall shippingplugs and caps are secure.Place the unit
in a moisture and vapor proof container or plastic bag and seal the bag. Pack the sealed unit in a
shipping cartonor case.
8-73. PREPARATIONFOR SERVICE.Preparethe fuelcontrolunit for serviceusing the followingprocedure:
a. Inspect all lockwireand lockwireseals. Returnthe unit for recalibrationif any lockwire seal indicates
tamperingor if the wire is broken.
b. Units which have fuel sections preserved with oil are to be flushed with fresh fuel conforming to
SpecificationMIL-F-7024A,TypeII, and permittedto stand filled with fuel for eight hours minimum
before operation.
NOTE
Do not permit fuel or oil to enter the drive body cavityor any air pressure
port. Do not attempt to replace any lockwire seal until the unit has been
checked to be certain calibrationor operationhas not been affected.
POWER PLANT
PA-31Tand PA-31T1 2K22 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
8-74. INSTALLATION OF FUEL CONTROL UNIT.

CAUTION
If a replacementfuel controlunit is to be installed,preservationoil must be
removed. (Refer to Paragraph8-73.)
a. Check to be certain that the fuel control unit drive coupling is properly installed in the fuel pump
output drive. If coupling shaft was detached during control unit removal, reinstall by inserting male
splined end in fuel pump and engaging pump output drive. Failure to install coupling will result in
uncontrolled Ng increase.
b. Install new O-ring in recess of fuel pump mating face and install unit over studs. Insure coupling shaft
is meshed properly. Secure unit with washers and self-locking nuts: torque 65 to 85 inch-pounds
c. Connect fuel inlet hose and torque coupling nut 170 to 200 inch-pounds and lockwire.
d. Connect fuel outlet tube, fuel bypass tube and pneumatic tubes to fuel control unit; torque coupling
nuts 90 to 100 inch-pounds and lockwire.
e. Connect fuel control unit interconnect rod; torque nuts 24 to 36 inch-pounds and lock with cotter pin.
f. On the PA-31T1 only, connect the control cable removed.
g. Perform an engine motoring run per Paragraph 8-57 with starting control lever in run position.
8-75. FUEL CONTROL UNIT CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS. The following checks and adjustments must
be performed after a fuel control unit has been replaced:
a. Idle speed setting (refer to Paragraph 8-59.)
b. Maximum Ng speed (refer to Paragraph 8-61). (PA-31T only.)
c; Fuel control pneumatic system (refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine
Maintenance Manual.
d. Check the engine performance and data plate trim speed. (Refer to Paragraph 8-62.) (PA-31T only.)
e. Check engine ground performance. (Refer to Paragraph 8-63a.) (PA-31TI only.)
8-76. FUEL CONTROL PNEUMATIC (P3) FILTER MAINTENANCE. The P3 filter is an inline type filter
located in the Px line just aft of the rear fire seal. (Refer to Figure 8-6, Item 15.) The filter should be removed
and inspected for contamination at 100-hour intervals and replaced if necessary. A new filter should be
installed every 1000 hours. Do not attempt to clean this filter with solvent (refer to the latest revision of Pratt
and Whitney Field Note #872 and Engine Maintenance Manual.)
8-77. FUEL MANIFOLD ADAPTER REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. Before removing any adapters
from the engine, each adapter should be marked, using a suitable marker (refer to Table VIII-I for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual) to insure returning the adapters to their original position on
the engine. Positions should be numbered clockwise I to 14, looking from the rear of the engine with the
number I position being at the 12 o'clock location. For complete removal, leakage test and installation of
manifold adapters refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.
8-77a. FUEL NOZZLE ADAPTER INSPECTION. (Refer to Figure 8-11a.) Each time the fuel nozzle adapter
is removed or installed:
a. With the nozzle adapter and sheath pressed together by hand and the pin engaged, check the clearance
between the adapter and sheath all around with a feeler gauge. Maximum gap is .003 inch. A larger
gap suggests that one or the other part is distorted and should be replaced.
b. With the nozzle adapter and sheath assembled together, carefully check the clearance around the fuel
nozzle tip with the side of the hole in the sheath, this clearance must not be less than .020 inch. The
shank of a No. 76 drill (.020 dia.) may be used for this purpose. If the clearance is less than this value
at any point or if the drill could not be passed completely around the nozzle tip, determine by
substitution which is the distorted part and discard.
POWER PLANT
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2K23 PA-31T and PA-31TI
Figure 8-11a. Fuel NozzleAdapterInspection

8-78. FUNCTIONALCHECKOF FUEL MANIFOLDASSEMBLIES.Fuel nozzlesmay be tested aloneor in
their adapters,using the Pratt and WhitneyAircraftof CanadaLtd test rig P/N CPWA30506or be fabricatinga
test rig locally from informationsuppliedwith this text. (Referto Figure 8-12 )
CAUTIONS
The test rig must be grounded to prevent possible danger of electrostatic
discharge. Observe allfire precautions when working withfuel
a. Using the fabricatedtest rig, set the regulatorto zero,close the outlet axle (90), open filler valve 6) and
remove plug (11).
CA UTION
Insure that all pressure if any is relieved from the tank before opening the
filler valve (6), or removing plug (11).
b. Fill the tank (1) approximately3/4 full with clean fuel and close the filler valve (6) and replace the
plug (11).
c. Install a fuel nozzle with or withoutits adapterusing a mountingbracket if desired.Refer to Figure 8-
12 for view of mountingbracket.
d. Set the regulatorto obtain 12.5psig on the pressuregauge(19).
e. Holding the plug (23) against the transfer tube and nozzle adapter (if no bracket is used), gradually
open the outlet valve(20).
f. A good clean spray shouldappearat less than 12.5psig, free from spittingor drooling.
g. Increase the pressureto 60 psig. The volumeof the spray shouldincrease.There shouldbe a maximum
of 12%streakinessand the spray shouldbe evenly spreadaboutthe center axis of the nozzle orifice.
NOTE
Streakiness is defined as variation of spray quantity in different parts of the
spray cone, showing up as darker streaks in the spray.
POWERPLANT
PA-31Tand PA-31T1 2K24 InterimRevision:10/15/97
8-78. FUNCTIONALCHECKOF FUELMANIFOLDASSEMBLIES.(cont)

h. If spitting or drooling occurs at 12.5psig, or more than 12 percent streakinessis evident at 60 psig,
reject the fuel nozzle and install a new nozzle
i. If necessary,removecarbonbuildupat the fuel nozzleby lightly brushingthe orificeface with either a
bronze or non-metallicbristled brush. Cleaning must be accomplishedwhile fuel is flowing through
the nozzle.
j. Close the pressure regulatingvalve (5) and allow the pressure gauge to decrease to zero, then close
valve (20).
NOTE
It is suggested that a few new nozzlesbe tested in order to recognizea good
spraypattern.
TABLE VII-III. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (FUEL SCAVENGER SYSTEM)

Fuel being drained over- Defectivecheck valve. Replacecheckvalve.
board during engine
start. Restrictedjet pump Removenozzleand clean.
nozzle. Checkfor proper seating
of jet.
Fuel being drained Solenoid valve not Checkoperationand re-
overboard during opening. place if necessary.
engine shutdown.
Fuel being drained over- Defectivecheck valve. Replace check valve.
board with full tip tanks.
8-79. FUEL SCAVENGER SYSTEM. The purpose of the fuel scavenger system is to collect residual fuel after
engine shutdown and return the fuel to the nacelle fuel tank during engine start. The system consists of a
solenoid valve, a jet type pump with an integral reservoir mounted on the side of the oil cooler duct below the
accessory gearbox housing, a check valve, and the necessary lines and tubing interconnecting the system.
The system operates during engine shutdown and startup only. When the engine is shutdown, residual fuel
is drained into the scavenger pump reservoir from the fuel nozzles. During engine startup, a solenoid valve is
energized allowing engine purge fuel to enter the scavenger pump jet. The high velocity fuel from the jet picks
up the fuel in the reservoir and returns the fuel to the nacelle tank When the starter is released, the solenoid
valve is returned to the closed position. An overboard vent line is attached to the scavenger pump in the event
of a malfunction. The presence of fuel being vented overboard indicates the system is not operating properly.
Maintenance to the system is limited to checking the solenoid valve and check valve for proper operation and
examining lines and tubing for obstructions or leakage. (Refer to Table VIII-III for Troubleshooting
procedures.)
POWER PLANT
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2L1 PA-31T and PA-31T1
NOTE
CAUTION
THE TEST RIG MUST BE GROUNDED
TO PREVENT POSSIBLE DANGER OF
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE.
Figure 8-12. Fuel ManifoldTest Rig

2L2 PA-31T and PA-31T1
8-80. IGNITIONSYSTEM.
8-81. GENERAL. The ignition system consists .of one exciter box, two ignition leads, and two spark
igniters for each engine.
The igniters are of the low voltage or shunted surface gap type, requiring about 8000-voltsto spark.
Ignition is by both igniters simultaneously;there is no provision for singleigniter operation. D.C.power is
delivered to the exciter box from the respectiveengine bus through a series hookup of an ignition selector
switch in the engine control switch panel, and a micro switch located on the start control lever,so that no
power is availableto the exciter box until both switcheshave been actuated. The ignition cutoff switch will
not be actuated until the start control leverhas been movedout of the cutoff position.
For information regarding the items installed on the engine and functional check of the system, refer
to Table VIII-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.
WARNING
Observe the necessarysafety precautions when working with the
high-voltageignition system. Allow at least 6 minutes after the
ignition system is turned off before touching the ignition system.
This is a 4.7 joule system and is capable of killing if improperly
handled.
8-82. CHECKINGIGNITIONSYSTEM. A common cause of ignition problems is the low battery. Before
inspecting the ignition system, try a normal start with a auxiliary power unit. If engine will not start
proceed to check ignition system. The ignition system requiresat least 9 volts to spark.
During the following procedure, it is recommended that an auxiliary power unit (APU) be used for
motoring runs and start attempts to eliminate the possibility of low voltage at the exciter box and/or
excessivebattery drain.
WARNING
Do not turn on ignition before motoring engine 15 to 20 seconds
prior to proceedingto step a.
a. Turn on battery master switch, ignition arm switch, and advance the condition lever to "run".
(Engine not rotating) Listen for spark. If spark is audible, ignition is satisfactory.
1. Proceedas followsif'spark is not audible as noted in Step a:
(a) Disconnectthe battery.
(b) Remove one or the other engine igniters and touch lead end against engine case to be
sure no residual chargeis retained.
(c) Whilethe lead is disconnectedinstall a new igniter on the end of the harness.
CAUTION
Hold the igniter stationary, insert the rubber lead into the igniter
and tighten the nut finger tight. Do Not rotate the igniter after the
rubber has been inserted, or the lead will be damaged. Turn the
nut to prevent damagingthe lead.

(d) Allowingthe igniter to hang on the lead, reconnect the battery.

CAUTION
Be sure all personnel are clear of the ignition system and that the
igniter is not near an explosive mixture, such as spilled fuel or
solvents.
(e) Turn on master switch, ignition arm switch and advance the condition lever to "run".
Ignition should fire one to two times per second dependingon voltage.
(f) If ignition is firing satisfactorilyas noted in Step (e) proceed as follows:
(1) Secure engine by moving the condition lever to "Stop", ignition switch off, and
turnbattery-master switch-off,
(2) Install new ignitersin the engineand reconnect the harness.
(g) Check the operation of new installed igniters by performing a normal start. If the
aircraft is not in a position for starting the engine, perform the following:
(1) Turn the battery master switch "ON".
(2) DO NOT turn the Ignition Switch "ON".
(3) DO NOT turn the Fuel Pump "ON".
(4) Turn the Starter Switch "ON" and motor the engine for 15-20seconds.
(5) Turn the Starter Switch "OFF" and allow the engine to come to a complete stop.
(6) Turn the Ignition Switch "ON".
(7) DO NOT turn the Starter Switch "ON".
(8) With the engine not rotating, advance the CONDITIONlever to "RUN". Listen
for spark. If sparking is audible, ignition is satisfactory.
(9) Secure engine by turning the CONDITION lever to "STOP" Ignition Switch
"OFF" and Battery Switch "OFF".
(h) If engine will not start, or if the ignition is NOT-firing,secure the engine usingnormal
procedures and perform the following:
(1) Remove the electrical plug from the primary end of the exciter box and with a
Volt Ohmmeter, check for 24 volts between pin A+ and B (the master switch and
ignition switch must be "ON" and the start control full forward).
(2) If 24 volts are present on the primary side and no ignition, attach a new harness
to one side of the box. Install the new igniter on this lead and try for ignition
(master "ON", ignition "ON" and start control forward). If no spark - replace
exciter box.
(3) Check the operation of the newly installed exciter box by repeating g above,for
testing igniters in the engine.
(i) If engine does not start, check the fuel system for proper operation.
8-83. IGNITION CUTOFF SWITCHREMOVALAND INSTALLATION.The ignition cutoff switchesare
mounted in the same manner as the landing gear warning switches. Refer to Section VII, for removal and
installation instructions.
8-84. IGNITION CUTOFF SWITCHADJUSTMENT.The ignition cutoff switches are located in the
control pedestal and are activated by the start control lever.
a. Set the start control leversin the cutoff position.
b. With the adjustment screwon the switch bracket, adjust each switch separatelytoward the start
control lever until the switch is heard to actuate at 1 inch of forward travel. The adjustment screw may be
reached by inserting a long screwdriverthrough the travel slot of the start control lever in the pedestal
cover.
c. Check adjustment of switch.

POWER PLANT
8-85. IGNITERPLUG CLEANINGAND INSPECTION.

a. Cap the cable terminal end of the igniter plug to prevent entry of foreign material during
cleaning.
b. Use a soft wire brush to clean the plug barrel and a cloth buffing wheelfor threads.The electrode
end of the igniter plug should neverbe cleaned.Any carbon on the tip aids operation of the plug.
CAUTION
Never sandblast or use a liquid suspended abrasive for cleaning
igniter plug. Any abrasive action removessemi-conductormaterial
in gap area and adverselyaffects functioning of the plug.
c. Blowany loose carbon or other loose foreignmaterial from igniter plug with an air blast.
d. Remove cap from cable terminal end and wipe igniter plug with a lint-free cloth dampened in
Methylethylketone.Dry with an air blast.
e. Inspect the terminal end of the plug for any visible evidence of damage. Minor nicks, burrs, or
slightly damaged threads may be corrected using a fine file. Reject the plug if any of the following
conditions exist:
NOTE
Check plug manufacturer'stolerances for wear limits, or Pratt and
Whitney Engine Manual. (Refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.)
1. Insulator broken, cracked or loose.
2. Input connector pin noticeably damagedor bent.
3. Center electrode badly burned, broken or pitted.
4. Flange and metal shield of firing end is bent, grooved or eroded. Matingsurface of flange
must be flat and smooth.
8-86. LUBRICATIONSYSTEM.
8-87. GENERAL. The engine lubricating system supplies lubricating oil under pressure to the necessary
engine components by a main pressure pump located in the oil tank. Oil pressure is regulated by a
plunger-type pressure relief valvesecured to the top of the main oil pressurepump. The oil cooler is located
under the rear accessorygearbox housingand is attached to the fire walland oil cooler duct.
8-88. OIL COOLER.
8-89. REMOVALOF OIL COOLER.
a. Removethe engine cowling.
b. Removethe accesspanels on the nacelle.
c. Disconnectthe drain lines attached to the oil cooler duct.
d. Disconnect the oil cooler inlet and outlet lines at the oil cooler and cap the lines to prevent
contamination.
e. Drain the oil cooler.
f. The duct assembly is riveted to the lower section of cowl fire seal assembly. Release the duct
assemblyby removingthe hardware which secures the lowersection of the cowl fire seal assemblyto the two
upper seal assemblies.
g. Remove the attachment hardware connecting the cooler to the duct assembly and firewall and
lower the oil cooler from the aircraft.

2L5 PA-31Tand PA-31T1
540
8-90. INSTALLATION OF OIL COOLER.

a. Position the oil cooler on the firewall and install the mounting hardware. Install the attachment
hardware connecting the oil cooler to the oil cooler duct.
b. Install the hardware securing the lower section of the cowl fire seal assembly to the two upper
sections of the fire seal assembly.
c. Attach the drain lines to the oil cooler mounting bolts.
d. Connect the oil cooler inlet and outlet lines to the respective connection on the oil cooler. Install
oil cooler drain plug and safety.
e. Perform an engine motoring run per Paragraph 8-57 to check for oil leaks.
f. Recheck the oil level and fill as required.
g. Install the access panels on the nacelle.
h. Install the engine cowling.
8-91. OIL FILTER ELEMENT REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. (Refer to Figure 8-13.)
a. Remove the oil filter element by removing the four self-locking nuts and plain washers that secure
the filter cover to the right side of the compressor inlet case at the 3 o'clock position.
b. Remove the filter cover and O-ring; discard the O-ring.
c. With the use of the filter removal tool (CPWA30328), withdraw the filter element from the filter
body and discard the O-ring from the element.

NOTE
The non-cleanable filter P/N 3024084 will replace the cleanable

type filter P/N 3022070 and has a service life of 1,000 hours.
Cleanable filter elements 3017383 and/ or 3022069 will be available
from spare parts sales for those operators who wish to continue
using this type filter.
d. Install the filter element in reverse order of removal (perforated flange first) using new O-rings.
e. Insure that teflon spacer is in position on lugs of filter cover.
f. Install cover and secure with four plain washers and self-locking nuts. Torque nuts 24 to 36
inch-pounds.
NOTE
Those who choose to retain the non-cleanable filter must insure

that maintenance procedures prevent attempted ultrasonic cleaning
of these parts.
8-92. CLEANING PROCEDURES FOR CLEANABLE FILTER ELEMENTS. In aircraft with a typical
utilization of fifty hours per month or less, the element must be cleaned every 400 hours or 9 months, whichever
comes first. With the filter removed, clean the element in accordance with instructions found in Pratt and
8-93. BLEED AIR SYSTEM.
8-94. GENERAL. The engine has three separate air bleed systems; a compressor air bleed control, a bearing
compartment air seal and bleed system, and a turbine disc cooling system. Engine compressor bleed air is used
to provide high pressure air for cabin pressurization.
Compressor bleed valve malfunction may cause unsatisfactory part power and performance checks. For
symptoms of compressor bleed valve malfunction, refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney
Engine Maintenance Manual.
8-95. ENGINE INDICATING SYSTEMS.
8-96. TORQUE PRESSURE INDICATING SYSTEM.
8-97. GENERAL. The torque pressure system consists of a pressure transmitter mounted on the reduction
gearbox case, and a torquemeter indicator mounted in the instrument panel. The torque pressure value is
obtained from the pressure transmitter which monitors the pressure differential between the two outlets on top
of the reduction gearbox case.

8-98. CALIBRATION. (Refer to Figure 8-14.)

a. On earlier models the torque indicatingsystem can be calibrated by adjustingthe transmitter, P/N
489 410 as follows:
1. Remove the torque pressure transmitter from the reduction gear box case.
2. Connect a suitable pressuresystem tester with a calibrated gaugeto the pressure transmitter
using the appropriate AN fittings and pressure hose. The pressure tester must be capable of providing and
monitoring static pressures from 0 to 60 psi using engine oil.
3. Reconnect the engine electricalharness to the transmitter and turn the aircraft master switch
ON.
4. Adjust pressure tester to 26.2 psi.
5. Adjust transmitter to obtain 800 foot pounds.
6. After adjusting transmitter to 800foot pounds, checkfor 100to 1800foot pounds at 100foot
pound increments. Adjust to minimize error.
7. If necessary,repeat steps 5 and 6 to obtain correct torque readings.The transmitter adjustment
is an alien screw located behind the transmitter capscrew. Turn the adjustment accordingly to correct the
torque reading. Recheck all readings after replacing lockscrew.
b. On later models the torque indicating system can be calibrated by the low and high adjustments
behind the gauge. The transmitter, P/N 29287-02used on later models requires no adjustments. Proceed to
calibrate the torque indicating system on later models as follows:
1. Remove the torque pressure transmitter from the reduction gear box case.
2. Connect a suitable pressure system tester with a calibrated gauge to the pressure transmitter
using the appropriate AN fittings and pressure hose. The pressure tester must be capable of providing and
monitoring static pressures from 0 to 60 psi using engine oil.
3. Reconnect the engine electrial harness to the transmitter and turn the aircraft master switch
ON.
4. Adjust pressure tester to 26.2 psi and adjust low setting on gauge to 800 foot pounds. Apply
49.1 psi and adjust high setting to 1500foot pounds.
5. After making the (L)-Low and (H)-High adjustments on-the gauge, recheck to see that both
adjustments remained within the tolerance allowed. (Refer to Table VIII-IV.)
6. After successfulcompletion of, (L) 800 foot pound and (H) 1500foot pound adjustments to
gauge, check from 100to 1800foot pounds at 100foot pounds increments. Adjust to minimize error.
7. If necessary,repeat steps 4, 5 and 6 to obtain correct torque readings.The gauge adjustments
are located behind the gauge. Turn the adjustment accordinglyto correct the torque reading.

EARLIERMODELS
ELECTRICAL
HARNESS
Figure 8-14. Torque System Calibration
TABLE VIII-IV. TORQUE SYSTEM CALIBRATION DATA
PSI FT.-LBS. FT.-LBS. TOLERANCE

I 31T/31T1 31T/31T1 PA-31T PA-31TI
0 0 +/-25 +/-25
3.27 100 +/-25 +/-25
6.54 200 +/-25 +/-25
9.81 300 +/-25 +/-25
13.08 400 +/-25 +/-25
16.36 500 +/-20 +/-15
19.63 600 +/-15 +/-10
22.90 700 +/-10 +/- 5*
26.17 800 +/- 5* +/-10
29.44 900 +/-10
32.71 1000 +/-15 +/-15
35.98 1100 +/-15 +/-15
39.25 1200 +/-15 +/-10*
42.52 1300 +/-15 +/-15
45.80 1400 +/-15 +/-20
49.07 1500 +/-10* +/-25
52.34 1600 +/-15 + /-25
55.61 1700 +/-20 +/-25
58.88 1800 +/-25 +/-25
NOTE: Calibration and tolerance with 29287 transmitter and indicator are as noted above. Adjust both
the low and high end of the scale. Adjust for minimum error at points indicated by an *.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
2L9
TABLE VIII-IV. TORQUE SYSTEM CALIBRATION DATA (cont.)

PSI FT.-LBS. FT.-LBS. TOLERANCE
31TI (Cheyenne 31TI (Cheyenne 31TI (Cheyenne
IA Only) IA Only) IA Only)
0 Blank 0
5 153 +/-25
10 306 + -25
15 458 +1-25
20 611 +/-15
25 764 +/-10
30 917 + 10-
35 1070 +/-10
40 1223 +1-15
45 1376 +/-15
50 1528 +/-15
55 1681 +/-15
60 1834 +1-25
8-98a. CHEYENNE IA TORQUE INDICATING SYSTEM CHECK.

a. To check the complete torque indicating system:
1. Remove the hose from the high pressure port on the transducer.
2. Attach the pressure outlet from either a dead-weight pressure test unit or a Barfieldpressure
test unit to the high pressure port on the transducer. Do not remove the vent line from the transducer.
3. Attach a 28 VDC power source to the aircraft external power receptacle.
4. Ensure that the pressure test unit is set at 0 psi.
5. Activate the DC power source.
NOTE
The pressure outlet from the test unit must be on the same level as
the high pressure inlet on the transducer during the calibration
check procedure.
6. Increase pressure to the torque transducer in accordance with the 31T1A section of Table
VIII-IV.
7. Record readings on the aircraft torque indicator both in ascending and descending pressure
application. The readings must be in accordance with tolerances listed in the 31TIA section of Table VIII-IV.

PA-31T1(1A)
2L10
b. To check the torquemeter:

I. Remove the torquemeter from the instrument panel.
2. Hook the torquemeter up to a voltmeter, potentiometer and power supply as shown in Figure
8-15.
3. Adjust the potentiometer until 0 is read on the voltmeter. A reading of 0 should also be on the
torquemeter.
4. Adjust the potentiometer to the nominal voltages in Table VIII-V, comparing them to the
ft.-lb. display on the torquemeter.
5. The torquemeter may be adjusted by means of the adjustment screwon back of the instrument
case.
c. To check the torquemeter system transducer:
1. Disconnect the hose from the high pressure fitting on the transducer and connect the Barfield
pressure test unit to the fitting.
2. Disconnect the electrical connector from the transducer.
3. Using an MS 3116-8-45(or equivalent) electrical connector, fabricate a test harness per the
schematic in Figure 8-16. Connect the test harness to the transducer. Take the voltagereadingsfrom the wires
coming from B and C of the connector.
4. Increase the pressure to the transducer to the values given in Table VIII-VI. The voltage
readings should be within the tolerances given.
5. There are no repairs or adjustments on the transducer. If defective, it must be replaced.

PA-31T1(1A)
2L11
WESTONTORQUEMETER
NO 522350
POWER
SUPPLY
NOTE
VOLTAGEIN ON PIN E MUST BE 24 TO 30
VOLTSWITH 25 VOLTSNOMINAL
Figure 8-15. Cheyenne 1A Torquemeter Test Set-Up
TABLE VIII-V. CHEYENNE IA TORQUEMETER CALIBRATION DATA
Nominal Voltage Nominal Voltage

"IN" on Pin C Ft.-Lb. Display "IN" on Pin C Ft.-Lb. Display
of Torquemeter Display Tolerance of Torquemeter Display Tolerance
0 0 2.453* 1050* +/-3

.350* 150* +/-6 2.500 1070 +/-3
.357 153 +/-6 2.686* 1150* +/-3
.700* 300* +/-6 2.857 1223 +/-4
.714 306 +/-6 3.036 1300* +/-4
1.050* 450* +/-5 3.214 1376 +/-4
1.071 459 +/-5 3.386* 1450* +/-4
1.402* 600* +/-4 3.571 1529 +/-4
+/-4 +1-4
+/-4
1.428 611 3.737* 1600*
1.752* 750* +/-3 3.928 1681 +/-4
1.785 764 +/-3 3.972* 1700* +/-4
2.103* 900* +/-3 4.286 1834 +/-5
2.143 917 +/-3
*DENOTES INTERPOLATED VALUES

PA-31T1(1A)
2L12
OPEN TO AMBIENTPRESSURE
BARFIELD PRESSURE
TEST UNIT ATTACHES
TO THISFITTING.
MS 3 11 6-4S (OR EQUIVALENT)

ELECTRICAL
CONNECTOR FORTESTPURPOSES
IN
Figure 8-16. Cheyenne IA Torquemeter Transducer Test Set-Up
TABLE VIII-VI. CHEYENNE IA TORQUEMETER TRANSDUCER

PRESSURE TEST SPECIFICATIONS
Voltage in on Pin A of transducer must be 24 to

30 volts with 25 volts nominal.
PSIG Oil Pres. Voltage PSIG Oil Pres. Voltage

"IN" "OUT" "IN" "OUT"
0 0 +.070 40 2.875 +/-.025

-.000
5 .357 +/-.046 45 3.214 +/-.025
10 .714 +/-.044 50 3.571 +/-.025
15 1.071 +/-.044 55 3.928 +/-.025
20 1.428 +/-.025 60 4.286 +/-.046
25 1.785 +/-.016 65 4.643 +/-.046
30 2.143 +/-.016 70 5.000 +/-.046
35 2.500 +/-.016

2L13
2L13 PA-31T1(IA)
8-99. INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE SENSING SYSTEM (ITT).
8-100. GENERAL. The inter-turbine temperature sensing system (T5) is designed to monitor engine
operating temperatures at a point between the two turbines. The system consists of a thermocouple
assembly, trim harness and an instrument panel-mounted indicator. Refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual for detailed information.
8-101. RESISTANCE CHECK OF INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure

8-17.) This check may be performed by using a Turbine Temperature Indicating System Test Set (Barfield
2312G-8. Barfield Inst. Corp., 4101 N.W. 29th St., Miami, Florida 33142 or equivalent). Read complete
test set instruction manual before attempting to use the unit.
a. Check-continuity and loop-resistance measured across chromel and alumel terminals of terminal
block. Acceptable loop resistance is 0.5 to 1.0 ohm with the aircraft harness disconnected from the engine
terminals.
CAUTION
The thermocouples will generate a small potential which will

produce errors in the measured values if this check is made while
the engine is hot.
NOTE
If several probes are broken or damaged internally, the loop

resistance would not necessarily fall outside the allowable
tolerance. However, erroneous temperature indications could
occur because of the resultant unbalance in the harness circuit.
b. Check insulation resistance of harness at terminal block. When measured from either chromel or
alumel terminal to ground, minimum acceptable resistance is 5000 ohms. (Refer to Figure 8-18.)
c. Check the resistance of the aircraft harness with the engine harness disconnected, and the red and
yellow wires temporarily bolted together instead of connected to the ITT indicator terminals. The value should
be approximately 7.63 ± .1 ohms.
8-102. INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION CHECK. (Refer to Figure 8-18.)
a. Remove yellow and red wires from the heat probe terminal that go to the ITT gauge.
b. Connect the wires to the Barfield (2312G-8) test set or equivalent,and the Digital Multimeter.
c. Position the Barfield Instrument function switch to Indicate and the Digital Multimeter to DCV
and I position.
d. Check the ITT gauge for each temperature indication by the following:
1. While pressing the test switch and turning the calibration adjustment knob on the Barfield
instrument, obtain the proper mv (millivolts) indicated on the multimeter for the appropriate temperature
given on the chart.
2. Check each temperature indication and tolerance with the appropriate mv (millivolts).
8-103. TACHOMETER-GENERATORS (PROPELLER AND GAS GENERATOR).
8-104. GENERAL. The propeller (Np) and gas generator (Ng) tachometer-generators produce an electric
current which is proportional to gas generator and propeller speed. The electric current is monitored by
tachometer indicators mounted in the instrument panel which indicate propeller and gas generator speed.
The gas generator tachometer-generator is mounted on the backside of the accessory gearbox and rotates
counterclockwise. The propeller tachometer-generator is mounted on the right side of the reduction
gearbox case and rotates clockwise.

PA-31Tand PA-31T1
2L14
1. BARFIELD METER
2. METER TERMINAL
3. CHROMEL TERMINAL (SMALL HOLE)
4. METER TERMINAL
I Figure 8-17. T5 Thermocouple Harness Loop Resistance Check
1. BARFIELD METER
3. BARFIELD TERMINAL TO GROUND
4. ALUMEL TERMINAL (LARGE HOLE)
I Figure 8-18. T5 Harness Insulation Resistance Check

PA-31T and PA-31T1
2L15
Figure 8-19. Inter-Turbine Temperature Calibration Check
8-105. REMOVALAND INSTALLATION.

a. Disconnectthe electricalconnector from the generator unit.
b. Remove the four mounting nuts at the base of the generator.
c. Pull the unit straight out and away from the mounting lugs.
NOTE
Cover the tach generator mounting pad to prevent foreign material

from entering the engine.
d. To reinstall the generator unit, place a new gasket on the mounting pad.
e. Lubricate the generator unit shaft splines with MolybdenumDisulfide, Type "G," paste form
lubricant.
f. With the electrical socket pointing down, slide the generator into place over the mounting studs.
g. Secure the unit in place with the four mounting nuts and torque to 65 to 85 inch-pounds.

2L16 PA-31T and PA-31TI
8-106. ENGINE CONDITION TREND MONITORING SYSTEM. Contemporary gas turbine engine
maintenance systems frequently include inflight engine performance monitoring, as a means of detecting
mechanicaldeteriorationin engine gas paths. A simple system requiringalmostno arithmeticcalculationhas
been devised for PT6 Engines to aid in planning indicated rectificationsearly, and so reduce primary and
secondarydamage costs resulting from fully developed failures, and risks of inflight shutdowns and flight
cancellations.
The Engine ConditionTrendMonitoringSystem has been set up by Pratt and WhitneyAircraftof Canada
Limited in order to maintain efficientengine performance.This is not a mandatoryprocedure,but is highly
recommendedby Pratt and Whitney and Piper AircraftCorporation.Copies of the procedurecan be obtained
from Pratt and Whitney.Refer to the latest revisionof Pratt and Whitney InformationLetter#18, AircraftGas
TurbineOperation,for more information.
8-107. ENGINEWIRINGHARNESS500 HOURINSPECTION.Each 500 hours, inspectthe engine wiring

harnesswhere it crossesthe hot section.
a. Remove the metal heat resistant tape from the engine wiring harness where it crosses the hot
section.
b. Inspectthe wiring harnessfor heat damageor deterioration.Repair or replaceas required.
c. Reinstallmetal heat resistanttape.
THISSPACEINTENTIONALLY
BLANK
POWER PLANT
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 2L17 PA-31T and PA-31T1
1 TABLE VIII-VII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ENGINE)
Engine fails to start. No fuel supply to engine. Check for clean fuel supply
at fire wall shutoff valve.
Air in fuel system. Perform motoring run. (Re-

fer to Paragraph 8-57.)
Open ignition circuit. Check wiring and connec-

tions.
Defectiveenginedriven Check for flow from pump

fuel pump. whilemotoring engine.
If no flow, replacepump.
Defectivefuel control Checkfor flow from FCU

unit. outlet tube to starting
flow control while
motoring engine.If no
flow,remove FCU, check
bypassvalve by applying
5 psi max. to bypassre-
turn port and check for
air leakagefrom FCU inlet.
If leakageis evidenced,
replacefuel control unit
and fuel pump. If no
leakage,replace only
FCU.
Defectivestarting flow Disconnect primary tube

control. and check for evidenceof
flow while motoring engine
with start control lever
in run position. If no flow,
replace starting flow
control.
Restrictedfuel Clean and check nozzles.

nozzles. (Refer to EngineMain-
tenance Manual.)

2L18 PA-31T and PA-31TI
I TABLE VIII-VII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ENGINE) (cont.)
Enginedoes not idle Idle speed setting Adjust idle speed and
properly. incorrect. minimum flow as required.
(Refer to Paragraph
8-59.)
Leak or restriction in Check all pneumatic tubes

FCU pneumaticsystem. and connections for
leakage.
Engine does not Leak or restriction in Check all connections

accelerate properly. fuel control pneumatic for leakage.Check for
system. dirt in Px metering
orifice. (Refer to En-
gine MaintenanceManual
for cleaninginstructions.)
Defective fuel control Replacefuel control unit.
unit.
Enginedoes not Power control linkage Adjust linkage.(Refer to

decelerate. adjusted incorrectly. Paragraph8-37.)
Defectivefuel control Replace fuel control unit.
unit.
Engine does not Faulty engine instru- Check instrument system.

develop full power. mentation. Replaceor recalibrate
as necessary.If torque-
meter system defect is
established,return power
section to overhaulfa-
cility for repair.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
2L19
TABLE VIII-VII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ENGINE) (cont.)
Engine does not Control linkage adjusted Check adjustment.(Refer

develop full power incorrectly. to Paragraph 8-38.)
(cont).
Propellergovernor Adjust. (Refer to Para-
pneumatic section ad- graph 8-27.)
justed incorrectly.
Leak or restriction in Check all tubes for re-
fuel control pneumatic strictions and connections
system. for leakage.
Enginepower settings Check adjustments settings.

not adjusted correctly. (Refer to Paragraph 8-59.)
Defective fuel control Replacefuel control unit.

unit.
Restrictedfuel nozzles. Clean and check nozzles.

(Refer to EngineMain-
tenance Manual.)
Excessive vibration. Propellerout of-balance. Replacepropeller.
Compressoror compressor Return disc to an over-

turbine disc out of haul facility. (Refer to
balance. Engine Maintenance
Manual.)
Low oil pressure. Oil pressureindicating Check system and repair

system defective. as necessary.
Insufficient oil. Fill oil tank as re-

quired.
Excessivehot air leakage Replaceengine.

through faulty heat
shielding.
High oil temperatures. Check coolingsystem.

I TABLE VIII-VII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ENGINE) (cont.)
High oil temperature. Insufficientoil supply. Refill oil tank as re-

quired.
Faulty instrumentation. Check instrumentation,

repair or replace as
required.
Coolingsystem defective. Check system and clean
cooler if required.
Excessivehot air leakage Replaceengine.

through faulty heat
shielding.
Excessive oil con- Leakageor restriction Visuallyinspect all

sumption. in pressure or scavenger tubes and connections.
oil tubes. Repair as required.
Oil level too high. Maintain correct oil
level.
DefectiveLabyrinth Check inlet and exhaust
seals. areas for collections
of oil. If evident, re-
place engine.
Defectiveoil to fuel Pressurecheck heater.
heater (internal (Refer to Engine Main-
leakage). tenance Manual.)

GRIDS 2L22 THRU 2L24

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
2L22
Aneqenne
AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD3 OF8
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2,1984
PART
NUMBER
753826 3A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997

PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
Serial Numbers 31T-7820001 to 31T-8120104inclusive.
PA-31T1, CHEYENNE I
Serial Numbers 31T-7804001 to 31T-8104101inclusive.
PA-31TI, CHEYENNE IA
__ SerialNumbers 31T-8304001 to 31T-8304003 inclusive;
Serial Numbers 31T-8166001to 31T-8166076 inclusive;
Example: 2J16 Aerofiche card number two of given set, Grid location J 16.
3A2 InterimRevision: 10/15/97

CR810206 February 6, 1981 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1,2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
IR860220 February 20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30, 1986 3
IR860821 August 21, 1986 1
IR871009 June 15, 1988 2
IR900313 March 13, 1990 1
IR941019 October 19, 1994 1 and 2
IR950320 March 20, 1995 1
IR971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8

manual.

SECTIONINDEX
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROEICHECARDNO. 2
VIII POWERPLANT ( PA-31TAND PA-31T1) 2111
AEROFICHECARD NO. 3
IX FUEL SYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 4
AEROFICHECARD NO. 5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
AEROFICHECARD NO. 6
AEROFICHECARD NO. 7
AEROFICHECARD NO. 8
3A4
Figure Aerofiche
Grid No.
8A-1. Engine Cowling ....................................................................................... 3A13

8A-2. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System ......... ............................ ........ 3A15
8A-3. Oil Cooler Door Installation ................................................................... 3A16
8A-4. Propeller Installation .............................................. ............................ 3A 19
8A-5. Typical Nicks and Removal Method .............................................................. 3A20
8A-6. Engine Installation (Typical).........................................................................3B3
8A-7. Throttle Control Cable Handling Procedure ......... ................... ......... . 3B7
8A-8. Engine Controls .................................................................. ............ 3B10
8A-9. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment ........................................................... 3B 16
8A-10. M inor Torque Adjustment............................................... ........................ 3B21
8A-11. Running Adjustment Settings ........................................................................ 3B24
8A- 11a. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection .............................................................. 3C12
8A-12. Fuel Manifold Test Rig ............................................................................... 3C15
8A-13. Oil Filter Element ..................................................................................... 3C19
8A-14. Digital/Analog Torque Calibration .................................................................. 3C21
8A-15. T5 Thermocouple Harness Loop Resistance Check ............................................... 3C24
8A-16. T5 Harness Insulation Resistance Check ................................................. ...... 3C24
8A-17. Inter-Turbine Temperature Calibration Check...................................................... 3D1
9-1. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31T and PA-31T2) ............................ .................. 3D10
9-2. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31T1 Only) ........................................................... 3D 12
9-3. Tip Tank Installation .................................................................................. 3D13
9-4. Fuel Cell Installation Inboard .............................................. 3D15
9-4a. Fuel Cell Attaching Hardware ................................. ................................ 3D16
9-5. Fuel Cell Installation Outboard .................................................... 3D 8
9-6. Fuel Valve Drain Plate ................................................................................ 3D20
9-7. Crossfeed Valve..................................................................................... 3E4
9-8. Fuel Shutoff Valve .................................................................................. 3E4
9-9. Fuel Filter ............................................................................................. 3E6
9-10. Submerged Fuel Boost Pump ................................................................ 3E8
9-11. Fuel System Installation .............................................................................. 3E
9-12. Fuel Cell Tie Detail ................................................................................... 3E12
9-13. Fabrication of Test Fixture for Tank Unit Testing.................................................. 3E17
9-14. Test Equipment Hookup .............................................................................. 3E 8
9-15. Test Cables for Tank Unit Testing (For TF-20, Only) ............................................. 3E20
9-16. Alternate Indicator Bench Test Hookup ............................................................ 3E20
9-16a. Fuel Gauge Adjustment ............................................................... .......... 3E21
9-17. Fuel Vent System ..................................................................................... 3F
10-1. Instrument Panel Installation (Typical) ......... ............ ........................ 3F7
10-2. Pitot-Static Installation ................................................................ . .......... 3F8
10-3. Instrument Air System Installation ................................................................ 3F9
10-4. Turn and Bank Vacuum System ..................................................................... 3F15

3A5
LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No.
VIIIA-I. Propeller Specifications ....................................................................... 3A21

VIIIA-II. List of Vendor Publications .......................................................................... 3A21
VIIIA-III. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel Scavenger System) ................... ............................. 3C14
VIIIA-IV. Digital/Analog Torque Calibration Data ................... ....................... 3C22
VIIIA-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine) ................... ............... ........ 3.....D..
D3
IX-I. Test Equipment ........................................................................................ 3E 6
IX-II. Scale Error Reading .................................................................................. 3E20
IX-III. Tank-Unit-Capacitance-(Dry) .............................................. 3E-20 - - -
IX-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel Gauging System) ................................................... 3E22
IX-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel System) ................... ... .............................. 3E23
X-I. Pitot-Static System ........................................ .... ............................... 3F20
X-II. Airspeed Indicator ................................................................................... 3F21
X-III. Altimeter ............................................................................................... 3F22
X-IV. Rate of Climb Indicator ............................................................................. 3F23
X-V. Magnetic Compass ................................................................................... 3F24
X-VI Pneumatic System Pressure Gauge .................................................................. 3G
X-VII. Engine Oil Pressure Gauge (Wet Direct Reading and Electric)................................... 3G1
X-VIII. Fuel Pressure Gauge (Wet Direct Reading and Electric) ......................... .. ......... 3G2
X-IX. Attitude Gyro (Electric) ... .................. .. .................................... 3G2
X-X. Directional Gyro (Electric) ............................. .................. 3G3
X-XI. Turn and Bank Indicator ......... ........... .............................. 3G4
X-XII. Air Temperature Gauge .............................................................................. 3G5
X-XIII. Voltmeter ......................................... ................................................ 3G5
X-XIV. Fuel Quantity Gauge ................... 3G...................5.................
X-XV. Fuel Flow Gauge ....... ........ ...... ..................................................... 3G6
X-XVI. Oil Temperature Gauge ............................................................................... 3G6
X-XVII. Engine Torque Gauge .......................................................................... 3G7
X-XVIII Inter-Turbine Temperature Gauge ................................................................ 3G8
X-XIX. Tachometer (Propeller) ... ... ..... ... ........ ..................................... 3G8
X-XX. Engine Hour Recorder ................................................................................ 3G9
X-XXI. Annunciator Display .................................................................................. 3G9
3A6
Revised: 7/2/84
LIST OF CHARTS
Aerofiche
Chart Grid No.
8A-1. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet ................................................................ 3C4

8A-2. Fuel Flow (PA-31T2) ................................................................................. 3C5
8A-3. Gas Generator Speed (PA-31T2) ................................................................. 3C5
8A-4. Torque (PA-31T2) ..................................................... ..... .... ....... 3C5
8A-5. Inter-Turbine Temperature (PA-31T2) ......................................... .... .......... 3C6
8A-6. 1700 RPM Torque Setting (PA-31T2) ............. ......... ...... ....................... 3C7
9-1. Fuel Cell Repair Equipment Lists .................................................................. 3D24
* 3A7
SECTION VIIIA
POWER PLANT
PA-31T2
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
8A- 1. Introduction ................... ........................................... 3A I

8A-2. Description ............................................................... 3A 11
8A-3. Troubleshooting ...................................................... 3A 12
8A-4. Engine Cowling ........................................................... 3A12
8A-5.- -Removal-of-Engine-Cowling-........-.-..-.-.-. ..... .. 3A12
8A-6. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Engine Cowling ................... 3A12
8A-7. Installation of Engine Cowling ..................................... 3A12
8A-8. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System ....................................... 3A13
8A-9. Removal of Ice Deflector Door Transmission ........................ 3A13
8A-10. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Ice Deflector Door ................ 3A14
8A-11. Installation of Ice Deflector Door Transmission ...................... 3A14
8A-12. Adjustment of Engine Ice Protection System ......................... 3A14
8A-13. Inlet Air Deicer Boot ............................................. 3A14
8A-14. Oil Cooler Exhaust Door .................................................. 3A16
8A-15. Removal of Oil Cooler Door Transmission .......................... 3A16
8A-16. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Oil Cooler Door Transmission ..... 3A16
8A-17. Installation of Oil Cooler Door Transmission ........................ 3A17
8A-18. Adjustment of Oil Cooler Door .................................... 3A17
8A-19. Propeller ................................................................ 3A17
8A-20. Removal of Propeller ............................................. 3A17
8A-21. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Propeller ........................ 3A18
8A-22. Installation of Propeller ........................................... 3A18
8A-23. Propeller Adjustments............................................. 3A21
8A-24. Propeller Governors....................................................... 3A22
8A-25. Removal of Propeller Constant Speed Governor...................... 3A22
8A-26. Installation of Propeller Constant Speed Governor.................... 3A22
8A-27. Constant Speed Governor Adjustments .............................. 3A22
8A-28. Propeller Overspeed Governor .............................................. 3A23
8A-29. Removal of Propeller Overspeed Governor .......................... 3A23
8A-30. Installation of Overspeed Governor ................................. 3A23
8A-31. Overspeed Governor Operational Checks ............................ 3A23
8A-32. Engine................................................................... 3A24
8A-33. Engine Removal.................................................. 3A24
8A-34. Engine Buildup................................................... 3B1
8A-35. Engine Installation................................................ 3B5

3A8 PA-31T2
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
8A-36. Engine Controls ....................................................................................... 3B5
8A-37. Condition Lever ............................ ........................................... 3B5
8A-38. Rigging Condition Lever ......... ........... ......................................... 3B6
8A-39. Ignition Cutoff Switch ......... ...................................................... 3B6
8A-40. Adjustment of Ignition Cutoff Switch ............................ ......................3B6
8A-41. Propeller Pitch Control Lever ......... ........... ........................................ 3B6
8A-42. Rigging Propeller Pitch Control Lever ............................ ..................... 3B6
8A-43. Power Lever ......................................... ........................................ 3B6
8A-44. Rigging the Power Lever ......... ........... ........................................... 3B6
8A-45. Rigging the Fuel Control Unit to the Fuel Control Actuating Lever ................. 3B8
8A-46. Rigging Throttle Control Cable to the Power Lever Arm ......... ................................ 3B 13
8A-47. Beta Valve Rigging Procedure ....................................................................... 3B13
8A-48. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment ............................ ......................3B13
B...........
8A-49. Rigging of Propeller Governor Interconnecting Rod to Propeller Push-Pull Cable ............. 3B14
8A-50. Rigging the Push-Pull Cat-e to Cam Box ....................................... ...................
3B14
8A-51. Propeller Reverse Switch Adjustment ............................ 3.................................3
14
8A-52. Deleted
8A-53. Throttle Control Cable Handling and Storage (Power Lever) ......... ............................ 3B 15
8A-54. Throttle Control Cable Removal and Installation (Power Lever) ......... ........................ 3B 15
8A-55. Pre-Run Rigging and Adjustment of Power Control
(Airframe to Engine Interconnect) ............................ .......................... 3B 16
8A-56. Engine Depreservation ................................................................... 3B16
8A-57. Engine Motoring Run ............................ .. ......... 3B 7................17
8A-58. Engine Ground Check and Safety Precautions ............. ......... ........... 3B 17
8A-59. Engine Idle and Power Adjustments .................................................. 3B 18
8A-60. Engine Ground Testing ................................................... .......................... 3C
8A-61. Part Power Trim Check ........................ ... ........... .... .............. 3C
8A-62. Engine Overtemperature and Overtorque Limits ............. ......................... 3C2
8A-62a. Engine Ground Performance Check ................................ .................. 3C2
8A-63. Engine Shock Mounts ............................. ..................................... 3C9
8A-63a. Inspection of Mount Assemblies .............................................. 3C9
8A-63b. Cleaning Mount Assemblies ............................ ................ ....... 3C9
8A-64. Replacement of Shock Mounts ................................ ....................... 3C9
8A-65. Engine Fire Seals .................................................................................... 3C9
8A-66. General .......................................... .... ................................ 3C9
8A-67. Engine Fuel System ........................................ .. .............................. 3C10
8A-68. General .................................. ....... .................................... 3C10
8A-69. Fuel Control Unit ................................ .... ..... ..................................... 3C 0
8A-70. Removal of Fuel Control Unit ................................ ......... .. ................
3C10
8A-71. Preparation for Shipping................... ............................. 3C10
8A-72. Preparation for Service............. ... ...... ..................................... 3C 0
8A-73. Installation of Fuel Control Unit ...................... .... ......... .... ............... 3C
8A-74. Fuel Control Unit Checks and Adjustments................................ .......... 3C11
8A-75. Fuel Control Pneumatic (P3) Filter Maintenance ...................................... 3C11
8A-76. Fuel Manifold Adapter Removal and Installation ............. ........... ... 3C11
8A-76a. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection................................................. 3C12
8A-77. Functional Check of Fuel Manifold Assemblies ............. ......... ...... 3C12
8A-78. Fuel Scavenger System .............................................................................. 3C13
3A9 POWER PLANT

InterimRevision:10/15/97 3A9 PA-31T2
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
8A-79. Ignition System ............................................................................ 3C14

8A-80. General .................................................................................... 3C14
8A-81. Checking Ignition System ............................................................... 3C 16
8A-82. Ignition Cutoff Switch Removal and Installation ...................................... 3C 17
8A-83. Ignition Cutoff Switch Adjustment ..................................................... 3C17
8A-84. Igniter Plug Cleaning and Inspection ................................................... 3C18
8A-85. Lubrication System ............................................................................ 3C 8
8A-86. General .................................................................................... 3C 8
8A-87. Oil Cooler ...... ........................................................................ 3C18
8A-88. Removal of Oil Cooler ................................................................... 3C18
8A-89. Installation of Oil Cooler .............................................................. 3C19
8A-90. Oil Filter Element Removal and Installation ........................................... 3C 19
8A-91. Cleaning Procedures for Cleanable Filter Elements ................................... 3C20
8A-92. Bleed Air System ..................................................................................... 3C20
8A-93. General .................................................................................... 3C20
8A-94. Engine Indicating Systems ........................................................................... 3C2
8A-95. Digital/Analog Torque Indicating System ......................................................... 3C21
8A-96. General................... .............................................. 3C21
8A-97. Calibration Test ........................................................................... 3C21
8A-98. Inter-Turbine Temperature Sensing System (ITT) ................................................ 3C23
8A-99. General ................................................................................... 3C23
8A-100. Resistance Check of Inter-Turbine Temperature System .............................. 3C23
8A-101. Inter-Turbine Temperature Calibration Check ......................................... 3C23
8A-102. Tachometer-Generators (Propeller and Gas Generator) ........................................... 3C23
8A-103. General ................................................................................... 3C23
8A-104. Removal and Installation .............................................................. 3D
8A-105. Engine Condition Trend Monitoring System ....................................................... 3D2
8A-106. Engine Wiring Harness 500 Hour Inspection ...................................................... 3D2
POWER PLANT
PA-31T2 3A10 InterimRevision:10/15/97
SECTION VIIA
POWER PLANT
PA-31T2
8A-1. INTRODUCTION. The purpose of this section is to provide service instructions for the power plant
installation and its related components. The maintenance concept of this section is supplemental to Pratt and
Whitney's Engine Maintenance Manual (refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate manual) and consists of
removal, installation, and adjustments of external components and engine accessories. Repairs beyond this
level should be accomplished by an approved Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. overhaul facility.
The instructions are organized so the mechanic can refer to: Description, for a basic understanding of the
power plant and its various components: Troubleshooting, for a methodical approach in locating the
difficulty; and Removal, Installation, and Adjustment instructions to aid the mechanic when servicing the
aircraft power plants.
In the interest of maintaining the efficient engine performance, an Engine Condition Trend Monitoring
System has been set up by Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. This is not a mandatory procedure. but
is highly recommended by Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. and Piper Aircraft Corporation. The
use of this procedure will establish a means by which the engine condition can be observed without actual
teardown of components, until conditions warrant it. Copies of the procedure can be obtained from Pratt and
Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd.; Refer to the latest revision of Aircraft Gas Turbine Operation Information
Letter # 15.
8A-2. DESCRIPTION. The Piper Cheyenne is powered by two lightweight, free turbine Pratt and Whitney
PT6A turboprop engines, for leading particulars refer to Section II.
The engines are completely enclosed by cowlings consisting of an upper and lower section of cantilever
construction attached at the firewall. A hinged door on the upper cowls allows access to the oil filler neck and
quantity dipstick. The air inlet ice deflector door is an integral part of the lower cowl assembly.
A compressor wash ring is offered as optional equipment. When installed, routine compressor washes
may be performed, without the removal of the cowling. through an access door located on the outboard side of
the nacelle
The propeller installations are constant speed. full feathering, reversing type, controlled by engine oil
pressure through single-acting propeller governors. Centrifugal counterweights assisted by a feathering
spring move the blades toward the low rpm (high pitch) position and into the feather position. This
movement is opposed by oil pressure controlled by the propeller governor. Oil pressure moves the propeller
to the high rpm (low pitch) hydraulic stop and reverse position. The propellers have no high pitch stop: this
allows the propeller to feather after engine shutdown.
The engine lubricating system is a pressure type with the main oil pump located in the oil tank. The oil
tank is an integral part of the compressor inlet case.
THe fuel control system consists of a single engine driven pump. a fuel control unit. with fuel shutoff.
and a dual fuel manifold with seven nozzles per manifold. An automatic fuel dump valve and two
scavenger pump system collects residual fuel after engine shutdown and injects the fuel back into the
aircraft fuel tank during engine start.
The ignition system consists of one exciter box. two ignition leads. and two spark igniters for each
engine which require about 8000-volts to spark. Ignition is by both igniters simultaneously; there is no
provision for single igniter operation.
The engine is also equipped with a 28-volt. 200 amp starter-generator, hydraulic pump, power section
tachometer generator. gas generator tachometer generator, and an air bleed system which provides high
pressure air for cabin pressurization. The complete engine assembly is supported on a tubular steel mount
attached at the fire wall.

3 A1 PA-31T2
8A-3. TROUBLESHOOTING. Troubles concerning the power plant are listed in Table VIIIA-V in the back
of this section along with their probable causes and suggested remedies. Before attempting to locate the
difficulty, consult all available sources for any pertinent information which might assist in diagnosing the
trouble.
NOTE
For additional information regarding troubleshooting of the engine,

refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine
Maintenance Manual.
NOTE
Special tools referred to in the following service information are

available through the Piper Service Department, or may be
fabricated locally from information supplied with the text.
8A-4. ENGINE COWLING.
8A-5. REMOVAL OF ENGINE COWLING. (Refer to Figure 8A-1.) The procedure for removing the
engine cowling is the same for either engine.
a. Disconnect the strip assemblies (6) and (8) and the louver assembly (9) that connect the upper
and lower cowl halves.
b. Remove the fasteners connecting the starter-generator cooling duct (13) to the upper cowl.
c. Disconnect the fasteners securing the upper cowl to the nacelle and remove the upper cowling.
d. To remove the lower cowl. remove the access plate (12) and disconnect the rod (2) from the ice
deflector door. Disconnect the wire leads from the limit switches (3) and the deicer boot (5).
e. Remove the fasteners connecting the intercooler air inlet duct to the lower cowl.
CAUTION
To insure against possible damage to the lower cowl and deicer

boot leads, support the lower cowl before proceeding with Step f
below.
f. Disconnect the fasteners securing the lower cowl to the nacelle and remove the cowl from the
aircraft.
8A-6. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF ENGINE COWLING.

a. Clean the cowling with a suitable solvent and wipe with a clean cloth.
b. Inspect the cowling for dents, cracks, loose rivets, damaged or missing fasteners.
c. Repair all defects to prevent further damage. Fiberglass repair may be accomplished by using
procedures listed in Fiberglass Repairs, Section IV.
8A-7. INSTALLATION OF ENGINE COWLING. (Refer to Figure 8A-1.) The procedure for installing the
cowl is the same for either engine.
a. Position and support the lower cowl in place and secure the cowl to the nacelle with fasteners
along the aft section of the cowl.
b. Connect the rod (2) to the ice deflector door and install the access plate (12).
c. Connect the electrical leads to the respective leads on the limit switches (3) and deicer boot (5).
Reconnect the intercooler air inlet duct.

PA-31T2
3A12
1365
1. LOWER COWL
2. ROD
3. DEFLECTOR LIMIT SWITCHES
4. TORQUE TUBE
5. DEICER BOOT, (ELECTRIC)
6. STRIP ASSEMBLY, (FORWARD)
7. STUD ASSEMBLY, COWL ATTACHMENT
8. STRIP ASSEMBLY, (AFT)
9. LOUVRE ASSEMBLY
10. UPPER COWL
11. INTER-COOLER INLET
12. ACCESS PLATE
13. STARTER-GENERATOR COOLING DUCT
14. ACCESS PLATE, FUEL FILTER
15 ACCESS, DOOR, WASH RING
Figure 8A-1. Engine Cowling
d. Postion the upper cowl half in place and connect the starter-generator cooling duct (13) to the
upper cowl. Connect the fasteners along the aft section of the cowl.
e. Secure the strip assemblies (6) and (8) and louver assembly (9)
f. Check the cowling and attachment hardware for security.
8A-8. ENGINE AIR INLET ICE PROTECTION SYSTEM.
8A-9. REMOVAL OF ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 8A-2.) To remove
the transmission from the aircraft, the following procedure may be used:
NOTE
To facilitate removal, ascertain that the ice door and transmission

are in the closed position.
a. Remove the engine cowling per Paragraph 8A-5.

b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the transmission assembly.
c. Disconnect the transmission clevis end from the torque tube assembly.
d. Disconnect the transmission from the fire wall mounting bracket and remove the complete
assembly from the engine compartment.

PA-31T2
3A13
8A-10. CLEANING. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR. Refer to

Transmission Figure 8A-2.
a. Remove the engine cowling per Paragraph 8A-5.
b. Clean transmission assembly with a suitable solvent.
c. Inspect the transmission screw shaft (24) for back lash by the following procedure.
1. Disconnect transmission from Ice Deflector Door torque tube lever (10).
2. Clamp a pliers (vise grips) using light pressure on the transmission screw shaft (24). Refer to
figure 8A-2.
3. Move the pliers to rotate the screw shaft. A slight movement should be felt. but not to
exceed .312 (5 16) of an inch on a 6 inch radius from the shaft.
d. Check transmission sleeve (13). screw shaft (24). and rod end (26) for distortion.
e. Check brake solenoid assembly (27) for any excessive wear. broken parts. and sticking or burned
out solenoid
f. After-the-transmission-screw-shaft-and-sleeve-have-been-cleaned-and-dried.a-coating-of-A-ircraft
Actuator Grease. MIL-G-23827 Specification. should be applied to the transmission screw shaft
g. When the transmission assembly is disassembled for any reason. it should be repacked. 75 percent
full with Dukes grease (P N 2196-74-1).
8A-11. INSTALLATION OF ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 8A- )
NOTE
To facilitate installation, ascertain that the ice door and

transmission and in the closed position.
a. Position the transmission assembly on the fire wall mounting bracket and secure with the proper
attachment hardware. Allow the transmission to rotate on its mounting bolt.
b. Attach the transmission clevis to the torque tube with the proper clevis pin, washers and cotter
pin
c .Connect the electrical leads to the transmission assembly.
d. Check the adjustment per Paragraph 8A-12.
8A-12 ADJUSTMENT OF ENGINE ICE PROTECTION SYSTEM.

a. Remove the vane interconnect rod.
b. Make a template of aluminum or suitable materil to insure the No. I vane is held at 24 degrees ±
I degree.
c. Adjust forward micro switch contact screw to trigger the switch at the 24 degree vane position.
d. Adjust the rear micro switch contact screw to trigger the switch at the vane up position (flush
with the upper surface of inlet duct).
e Run the extension motor to full vane down position. While holding the vane at the point where
the micro switch just makes contact (down position), adjust the interconnect rod to allow the pin to just
slip into position.
f. Retract the vane.
g. Remove the pin and increase the length of interconnect rod by extending each rod end three full
turns.
h. Reconnect the pin.
i. Test run the system and recheck the vane up and vane down positions.
j. With vane down, turn the vane up limit switch contact screw in one full turn.
8A-13. INLET AIR DEICER BOOT. Refer to Section XIV for information regarding the air inlet deicer
boot.
Reissued: 2/6/81
POWER PLANT
3A14 PA-31T2
1366
1. DEICER LIP. ENGINE AIR SCOOP 14 FIREWALL
2. HINGE. DEFLECTOR ASSEMBLY IS BOLT ASSEMBLY, TRANSMISSION MOUNTING
3. ICE DEFLECTOR DOOR 16 MOTOR. TRANSMISSION
4. BLOCK ASSEMBLY 17 ROD
5. ARM ASSEMBLY (2 REQ) II TORQUE TUBE ASSEMBLY
6. TORQUE TUBE ASSEMBLY 19. BYPASS DOOR
7. LIMIT SWITCHES 20. ROD ASSEMBLY
8. FIRE SHIELD 21. PIN
9. HINGE, DOOR ASSEMBLY 22 BOLT ASSEMBLY (2 REQ)
10. ARM ASSEMBLY (1 REQ) 23. LINK ASSEMBLY
11. ROD ASSEMBLY, ICE DUMP DOOR 24. TRANSMISSION SCREW SHAFT
12. ARM ASSEMBLY (2 REQ) 25. CLAMP PLIERS
13. TRANSMISSION SLEEVE 26. ROD END
27. BRAKE SOLENOID
27
27 14
12
4
3
2
I
A B
4
23
23
(3 12 IN)
SKETCH A SKETCH B
Figure 8A-2. Engine Air Inlet Ice Protection System
Reissued: 2/6/81 3A15 POWERPLANT

PA-31T2
1367
1. OIL COOLER EXHAUST DOOR
2. SOLT ASSEMBLY
(9 3. ROD END
4. JAM NUT
5. SPRING
6. SPACER
10 7. SEAL
TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY
9.FIRE WALL
10.BOLT ASSEMBLY
11. SET SCREW
12.SWITCH
13. HINGE ASSEMBLY
14.TRANSMISSION SCREW SHAFT
6 00 IS. TRANSMISSION SLEEVE
14 16. BRAKESOLENOIO
17. CLAMPPLIERS
12 4
Figure 8A-3. Oil Cooler Door Installation
8A-14. OIL COOLER EXHAUST DOOR
8A-15. REMOVAL OF OIL COOLER DOOR TR-.\SMISSION (Refer to Figure 8A-3)

a. Remove the access panels on the nacelle to gain access to the transmission assembly
b. Extend the oil cooler door to its full open position.
c. Disconnect the electrical leads from the transmission and motor assembly.
NOTE
In some manner identify the leads to facilitate installation.

d. Dsconnect the transmission rod from the oil cooler door and remove the sleeve, jam nut, spnng.
spacer, and seal from the transmission rod.
e. Disconnect the transmission from the fire wall mounting bracket and remove the complete
assembly from the aircraft.
8A-16. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF OIL COOLER DOOR TRANSMISSION.

a. Remove access panel on top of engine nacellt.
b. Position oil cooler door in the open position by activating the switch in the over head panel.
c. Clean the transmission assembly with a suitable solvent.
d. Inspect the transmission screw shaft ( 14) for back lash by the following proceedure
1. Disconnect transmission from Oil Cooler Door.
2. Clamp a pliers (vise grips) using a light pressure on the transmission screw shaft (14).Refer
to Figure 8A-3.
3. Rotate the screw shaft by moving the pliers. A slight movement should be felt, but not to
exceed .31 2 (5/16) of an inch on a 6 inch radius from the shaft.

PA-31T2
3A16
e. Check transmission sleeve (15), screw shaft (14). and rod end (3) for distortion.
f. Check brake solenoid assembly (16) for any excessive wear, broken parts, and sticking or burned
out solenoid.
g. After the transmission screw shaft and sleeve have been cleaned and dried, a coating of Aircraft
Actuator Grease (MIL-G-23827) should be applied to the transmission screw shaft.
h. When the transmission assembly is disassembled for any reason, it should be repacked 75 percent
full with Dukes grease (P/N 219674-1).
8A-17. INSTALLATION OF OIL COOLER DOOR TRANSMISSION. (Refer to Figure 8A-3 )

a. Position the transmission assembly in the mounting bracket with the rod protruding through the
oil cooler duct and secure with the proper attachment hardware. Allow the transmission to rotate on its
mounting bracket
b. Connect the electrical leads to the transmission assembly
c. Place the seal, spacer, and spring on the transmission rod Screw the jam nut and sleeve on the
rod
d. Connect the transmission rod to the oil cooler door with the attachment hardware
e. Adjust the oil cooler door per Paragraph 8A-18
8A-18. ADJUSTMENT OF THE OIL COOLER DOOR. (Refer to Figure 8A-3.)

a. Adjust the sleeve on the transmission rod so the oil cooler door is flush with the bottom of the
nacelle in the fully closed position.
b. Adjust the set screw on the oil cooler door to activate the limit switch just before the door is
fully open
c. Check all attachment hardware for proper installation and security
d. Check the operation of the oil cooler doors and indicator lights through a complete opening and
closing cycle
8A-19 PROPELLER
8A-20 REMOVAL OF PROPELLER (Refer to Figure 8A-4 )

a. Remove the spinner by removing the attachment screws that secure the spinner to the spinner
bulkhead
b Remove the engine cowling (Refer to Paragraph 8A-5.)
c. Remove the deicer brush block assembly. Use caution to avoid damaging the brushes
d Disconnect and remove the propeller reversing lever and carbon block from the feedback ring
e Install the feedback ring puller P N 51519 and pull the feedbck ring fully forward Use a
standard 5 8 inch socket against the propeller hub (Refer to Figure 8A-9.)
CAUTION
Take the necessary precautions to avoid damaging the low stop

rods and the feedback ring.
f. Remove the safety wire from the propeller mounting bolts and remove the bolts using the
suggested wrench (P/N 51514-00)
g. Place a drip pan under the propeller to catch oil spillage.
h. Remove the propeller from the engine flange. Remove the O-ring and cap the flange.to prevent
contamination.
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 POWER PA-31T2
3A17
8A-21. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF PROPELLER.

NOTE
Refer to the latest revision of Hartzell Propeller Service Letter No. 61
for Recommended Overhaul Periods under various conditions.
a. Check for oil and grease leaks.
b. Clean the spinner, propeller hub exterior, and blades with a non-corrosive solvent.
c. Inspect the hub parts for cracks.
d. Check all visible parts for wear and safety.
e. Inspect blades for damage or cracks. Nicks in the leading edges of blades sometimes provide the
conditions that allow fatigue cracks to start, and should be filed out and all edges rounded. Use fine
emery cloth forfinishing. Referto igure 8A-5 forpropellerbladecare.
f. Check the condition of the propeller mounting bolts.
g. It is recommended that for severe damage, internal repairs and replacement of parts, the propeller
should be referred to the Hartzell Factory or a certified repair station.
h. Each blade face should be sanded lightly and painted, when necessary, with a flat black paint to retard
glare. A light application of oil or wax may be applied to the surfaces to prevent corrosion.
i. Check the condition of the low stop rods and feedback ring.
j. Grease blade hub through zerk fittings. Remove one of two fittings for each propeller blade; alternate
the next time. Apply grease through the zerk fitting until fresh grease appears at the hole of the fitting
removed. Care should be taken to avoid blowing out hub gaskets.
CA UTION
Do not attempt to rotate the propeller blades using blade arms, as
damage will result to the feedback ring.
8A-22. INSTALLATION OF PROPELLER. (Refer to Figure 8A-4.)

a. Clean propeller and engine flanges.
b. Lubricate and install a new O-ring on the engine shaft.
c. Install feedback ring puller P/N 51519 and pull the feedback ring fully forward. Use a standard 5/8
inch socket against the propeller hub. (Refer to Figure 8A-9.)
CAUTION
Take the necessary precautions to avoid damaging the low stop rods (5)
and the feedback ring.
d. Position the propeller on the engine flange and torque the propeller mounting bolts as follows:
NOTE
P/N B-3339 propeller attach bolts have the part numbers stamped inside the
cupped head. These bolts require a 5/8 inch, 12-point socket head wrench.
See Hartzell Service Instruction No. 140A.
1. Apply MIL-T-5544 or MIL-T-83483 Petrolated Graphite or Hartzell Lubricant P/N A-3338-( ) to
bolt threads and bolt washer surfaces (and remainder of bolt if desired).
2. Install the eight B-3339 bolts and eight A 2048-2 washers through engine flange into propeller flange.
3. Torque all bolts to 40 ft.-lbs. and then to 80 ft.-lbs. following torque sequence "A" shown on
Figure 8-4, Propeller Installation.
4. Final torque all bolts following torque sequence "B" shown on Figure 8-4 to 100 - 105 ft.-lbs.
5. Safety wire all bolts.
POWER PLANT
PA-31T2 3A18 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
1369
PROPELLERS WHICH
FOR
USE B-3339 MOUNTING

BOLTS.
Revised: 1/5/84 Figure 8A-4. Propeller Installation POWER PLANT

USE PROPELLERS
FOR WHICH
8-3339 MOUNTING Figure 8A-4. Propeller Installation

PA-31T2
3A19
e. Install the deicer brush block. (Refer to section XIV for brush alignment procedures.)
f. Install the propeller reversing lever with the carbon block in the feedback ring. (Refer to Figure 8-9.)
NOTE
Check this clearance by holding the carbon block against one face of
the feedback ring. Use fine sandpaper on the block to obtain this
clearance. Ascertain that the block is free to rotate in the reversing
lever. (Refer to Figure 8-9.)
EXAGGERATED VIEW OF
NICK IN FACE OF BLADE
CROSS SECTION
AFTER REPAIR
NOTE RECOMMENDED METHOD FOR REMOVING NICKS.
CRACKS. AND SCRATCHES IS BY USING RIFFLE
FILE AND/OR CROCUSCLOTH.
Figure 8A-5. Typical Nicks and Removal Method
POWER PLANT
TABLE VIIIA-I. PROPELLER SPECIFICATION
Hub, Model HC-B3TN-3B

Blade, Model T10173-HB8 orT10173-B8
Propeller RPM Setting Engine Static High RPM 2200 RPM max.
Beta Nut Setting @2000 RPM 20.2 degrees
Propeller Torque Limits Description Required Torque

Propeller Mounting Bolts (P/N B3339) 100-105 ft.-lb.
(Lubricated and
tightened in stages -
refer to text)
Spinner Bulkhead Attachment Screws 65-100 in.-lbs.
Spinner Attachment Screws 40 in.-lbs.
Flex Lock (Dome) Nut 120 ft.-lbs.
Beta Ring Jam Nuts 12 ft.-lbs.
Low Pitch Stop, Propeller Nuts 22 ft.-lbs.
TABLE VIIIA-II. LIST OF VENDOR PUBLICATIONS
PA-31T2 Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual No. 3021242
Address: Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Limited, Box 10,

Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
PA-31T2 Engine Mounting Systems Lord Bulletin No.

SM-6304
Address: Lord Aerospace Products
g. Rotate the propeller slowly and check the run out of the feedback ring with a dial indicator. Run out
must not exceed .010 of an inch total indicator. If the run out is excessive, loosen the nut on the front
of the low stop rods and the jam nut at the feedback ring; adjust the low pitch stop rods to obtain the
front of the low stop rods to 22 foot-pounds.
h. Check the Beta valve rigging. Refer to Pre-Run Rigging Procedure.
i. Perform an engine ground check and check the 2000 rpm torque setting per appropriate Paragraphs in
this section.
8-23. PROPELLER ADJUSTMENTS. Refer to appropriate paragraphs in this section for propeller and
propeller control adjustments.
InterimRevision:10/15/97 3A21 POWERPA-31T2

PLANT
8A-24. PROPELLER GOVERNORS
8A-25. REMOVAL OF PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR.

a. Remove the upper engine cowling per Paragraph 8A-5.
b. Disconnect the electrical connections from the governor.
c. Disconnect the prop pitch control rod at the governor control lever.
d. Disconnect the pneumatic tube at the governor.
e. Remove bolt, washer, and nut connecting governor control arm to interconnecting rod.
f. Remove bolt. spacer, and nut which connect the control link to the propeller reverse lever.
g. Remove the clevis pin from the fork end of the Beta control valve.
h. Remove nuts and washers and withdraw governor from mounting pad. Remove gasket.
8A-26. INSTALLATION OF PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR.

-- a-- Install-gasket over studs on governor mounting pad with the raised side of screen facing up
b. Install governor and secure with washers and self-locking nuts. Torque nuts 170 to 190
inch-pounds.
c. Connect fork end of Beta control valve to reversing lever with pin and secure with washers and
cotter pin.
d. Secure fork end of control link to the propeller reversing lever with bolt, spacer, washer and nut.
Torque nut 24 to 36 inch-pounds and secure with cotter pin.
e. Connect governor control arm to interconnecting rod with bolt, washer and nut. Torque nut
25-35 inch-pounds and secure with cotter pin.
f. Connect the pneumatic tube at the governor; torque coupling nut 90 to 100 inch-pounds and
lockwire.
g. Connect and secure electrical connections to the governor.
h. Connect the prop pitch control rod to the governor control lever.
i. Check the governor adjustments per Paragraph 8A-27.
j. Reinstall the engine cowling.
8A-27 CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR ADJUSTMENTS. (Refer to Figures 8A-8 and 8A-11.) After
repair or replacement of the propeller governor, the adjustments must be checked as follows.
a. With the engine static, disconnect the front air pressure tube at the governor connection and
blank off nipple and pneumatic line with suitable caps.
b. Perform the pre-start check. (Refer to Paragraph 8A-58. Steps a thru c.)
c. Start the engine (refer to Paragraph 8A-58. Steps d thru f). and allow it to warm up in the idle
setting until normal operating oil temperature is reached. 75°C (165° F) minimum.
d. Advance the power control lever to obtain 80%(Ng. and perform two feathering cycles to purge
air from the system. To reduce feathering time. turn feathering adjuster(5. of Figure 8A- I ) counterclockwise.
NOTE
Two complete turns (counterclockwise from the nominal setting)

is the maximum permitted adjuster range.
e. Set propeller control lever in fine pitch, and advance the power control lever sufficiently to allow
the propeller to constant speed. Temporarily mark the position of the lever on the quadrant and record Ng.
f. Loosen the locknut and adjust the governing maximum speed adjuster (1. of Figure 8A-11) to
obtain the desired Np Counterclockwise rotation of screw increases speed. Tighten the locknut when
adjustment is completed

3A22
3A22 PA-31T2
g. Record Np. torque and fuel flow.

h. Shutdown the engine and reconnect the front air pressure tube at the governor. Torque 90 to 100,
inch-pounds. and restart the engine.
CAUTION
Do not disturb the pneumatic maximum adjustment (2. of Figure

8A-l1.)
i. Advance the power lever to position previously marked, and compare Ng with figure previously
recorded. If Ng has changed from previous value, recheck that the air bleed ink (27. Figure 8A-8) is
locked hard against the pneumatic maximum stop (28. of Figure 8A-8). Note that an Ng change of up to 100
rpm is acceptable. but if the change is above this. replace the propeller governor.
j. Shutdown the engine. Disconnect the interconnect rod (22. Figure 8A-8) at the bleed air link and
secure link to minimum stop.
k. Restart and run engine. With the propeller control lever set in fine pitch. advance the power
control lever sufficiently to obtain a constant speed condition and check that Np governs at 95,c + I, of
maximum speed set up in Step (f). Adjust the pneumatic minimum eccentric adjuster (3. of Figure 8A- I ). as
necessary to meet this requirement.
1. Shutdown the engine and reconnect the air bleed link (27. of Figure 8A-8) to the interconnect rod
(22. of Figure 8A-8).
m. Restart the engine and check the reverse power setting.
8A-28 PROPELLER OVERSPEED GOVERNOR.
8A-29. REMOVAL OF PROPELLER OVERSPEED GOVERNOR.

b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the overspeed governor
c. Remove the nuts and washerssecuring the overspeed governor to the reduction gearbox and
withdraw the assembly from the mounting studs. Discard the mounting gasket.
d. Examine the overspeed governor drive for damage and wear: replace if necessary.
8A-30. INSTALLATION OF OVERSPEED GOVERNOR.

a. Install a new mounting gasket over the studs.
b. Install the overspeed governor on the mounting pad: be certain the drive shaft is properly
engaged. Secure with washers and self-locking nuts: torque to 125 to 170 inch-pounds
c. Connect the electrical leads to the overspeed governor.
d. Check the overspeed governor operation per Paragraph 8A-31.
e. Reinstall the engine cowling
8A-31. HYDRAULIC TOPPING GOVERNOR (HTG) OPERATIONAL CHECKS. Check the operation
of the overspeed governor as follows:
a. Start the engine and allow it to stabilize.
b. With the power lever in idle. move the prop control lever to full increase'forward.
c. Set the power lever to 1450 RPM.
d. Push the HTG switch up and observe a drop in prop speed to 1330 RPM.
e. Release the switch and check the prop speed to make sure it returns to 1450 RPM
3A23 PA-31T2
3A23
8A-32. ENGINE. For detailed information concerning the following items refer to Table VIIIA-II for
a. Engine - General
b. Reduction Gear and Shaft Section
c. Air Inlet Section
d. Compressor Section
e. Combustion Section
f. Turbine Section
g. Accessory Drives
8A-33. ENGINE REMOVAL. (Refer to Figure 8A-6.) The removal of either engine is basically the same
except for the routing of some wires. cables and lines. Remove the engine as follows:
a. Place a tail stand under the aircraft.
-b.Turn-off-all-cockpit-switches-and disconnect-battery.
c. Move the fuel shutoff valve to the off position.
d. Remove the engine cowling per Paragraph 8A-5.
e. Remove the access panels on the top and sides of the nacelle.
f. Drain the engine oil. (Refer to Section 11.)
g. Remove the propeller per Paragraph 8A-20.
h. Disconnect all fluid hoses, clamps, and electrical leads attached to the engine and engine mount
from the fire wall.
NOTE
In some manner identify disconnected items and mark all clamp

locations to facilitate installation.
i. Remove the fire extinguisher system (if-installed). (Refer to Section XIV.)
WARNING
Use caution when working with the fire extinguisher system

Accidental discharge may cause bodily injury.
j. Disconnect oil cooler lines at engine and cap lines.
NOTE
The oil cooler system remains attached to the fire wall and the ice
protection system is removed with the lower cowling.
k. Disconnect and remove the rear top left and top right fire seals from the engine
1. Disconnect all drain lines attached to the engine. and the fuel lines attached to the scavenge
pump.
m. Disconnect the power control cable from the fuel control unit actuating lever and remove the
cable from the support bracket. Disconnect and remove the support bracket.

3A24 PA-31T2
CAUTION
Do not bend the power control cable in the direction offering the
greatest resistance; as damage will be done to the cable.
n Disconnect the starting control cable from the start control lever arm and remove the cable clamp
from the cable support bracket. Disconnect and remove the support bracket.
o Disconnect propeller control cable from the propeller control rod. Remove cable clamps and
draw the cable aft to the fire wall.
p. Attach lifting sling to the engine suspension points and using a one-half ton hoist. support the
engine to allow the engine and mount to be disconnected from the fire wall.
q Swing the engine and mount free from the fire wall: check to be certain no attachments remain
to obstruct its removal
CAUTION
Do not tilt engine more than 22 degrees. as with the engine static
engine oil may contaminate the labyrinth oil seals resulting in
increased oil consumption
r Move the engine awat from the aircraft and place on a suitable stand
s Remove the accessories and equipment to be installed on the new engine and tag or identify all
items removed to facilitate installation
NOTE
If the engine removed is expected to be inactive for a period of time.

refer to the Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual for the
necessary preservation schedule.
8A-34 ENGINE BUILDUP Engine buildup consists of transferring the necessary accessories and
equipment from the engine removed for overhaul to a new engine. Replace safety wire, lock washers, gaskets.
and rubber hoses when needed to complete the engine assembly for installation in the aircraft
NOTE
Replacement engines must be purchased through the Piper Service

Department to be compatible with the Piper installation. Refer to
Section 11. Table 11-1. Leading Particulars for specific Rear
Accessory drives for Right and or Left engines.
CAUTION
Refer to the Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual before

attempting to remove a new engine from the shipping container.
POWER PLANT
Reissued:2/6/81 PA-31T2
3B1
3B2
TORQUE ALL MOUNT 1371

ATTACHMENTS
13 TO 16 FT LBS
RIGHT SIDE VIEW
1370
4 2 27 6 TORQUEALL MOUNT
ATTACHMENTS
13TO 16 FT LBS
8
LEFT SIDE VIEW
«
Figure 8A-6 Engine Installation (Typical)

3B3 PA-31 T2
TOP VIEW
BOLT - 50615 12 RE)

WASHER- AN960-616 (12 REO) 21
SAFETYWIRE - MS20995C41 22
SECTION A A
COMPRESS TO Torque to
DIM 2 03
-20
23
REAR VIEW
SECTIONB - B
1. BLEEDAIR PRESSURE 11. FUELCONTROLDRAIN 21. OIL PRESSURELINE
2 JETPUMP INLETDUCT 12. SOLENOIDVALVE 22 HYDRAULICLINE
3. OIL COOLERHOSE 13. BREATHER LINE 23. FUELDRAIN
4. PROPELLER GOVERNOR AIR 14. P3 LINE 24 PROPELLERCONTROLCABLE
PRESSURE LINE(Py) 15. P3 FILTER 25. STARTCONTROLCABLE
5. OIL DRIPSHIELDDRAIN 16. DRAINLINE 26. POWERCONTROLCABLE
6. STARTERGENERATOR DRAIN 17. TORQUEPRESSURETRANSMITTER 27 STARTER GENERATORCOOLING
7. HYDRAUUCPUMPDRAIN 18. REARFIRESEAL DUCT
8. ENGINEMOUNTASSEMBLY 19. FRONTFIRESEAL 28. SCAVENGER PUMP
9. OIL DRAIN 20. OIL BREATHER 29. UNION
10. STARTCONTROLDRAIN
Figure 8A-6. Engine Installation (Typical) (cont.)
POWER PLANT
PA-31T2 3B4 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
8A-35. ENGINE INSTALLATION. The installation of either engine is basically the same except for the
hookup and routing of some wires and lines. Before installing the engine, be certain all engine accessories are
properly installed. torqued and safetied.
a. With the engine suspended from a one-half ton hoist, carefully swing the engine assembly in place.
Use caution not to damage any engine components, plumbing and wiring.
b. Install the engine mount and torque the mounting bolts to value shown in Figure 8A-6. Section B-B.
c. Route and reconnect all previously disconnected fluid hoses, lines, and electrical leads from the
fire wall to the respective connections on the engine and secure with the appropriate clamps.
d. Route the propeller control cable through the bracket and clamp assembly and reconnect to the
propeller control rod.
e. Connect the start control cable to the start control lever arm and attach the cable clamp to the
cable support bracket.
f. Connect the power control cable to the fuel control unit power lever.
g. Install the propeller per Paragraph 8A-22.
h. Adjust the engine and propeller controls. (Refer to Paragraph 8A-38.)
i. Reinstall the fire extinguisher system, if previously installed.
WARNING
Use extreme caution when working with the fire extinguisher:

accidental discharge may cause bodily injury.
j. Refill the oil tank with the specified type and amount of oil.
k. Connect the battery.
l. Reinstall access plates on the engine nacelle.
m. Perform the post installation procedures.
n Check for fuel and oil leaks and security of the engine components.
8A-36. ENGINE CONTROLS.
8A-37 CONDITION LEVERS. Each condition lever controls its respective engine through the start
control: and the fuel control unit by a link that interconnects the cam box with the start control With this
design. each condition lever has three positions: STOP. which is the idle cut-off position: LOW IDLE. which
operates the engine at 56%: and HIGH IDLE, which operates the engine at 65%. When in the STOP or idle
cut-off position, the start control shuts off fuel to the flow divider, dump valve assembly which directs fuel to
the primary and secondary fuel nozzles.
The condition levers also control ignition to their respective engines by a microswitch rigged to each lever
Whenever a condition lever is in STOP. its microswitch is actuated causing the circuit to the ignition unit to
be deactivated.

PA-31T2
3B5
8A-38. RIGGING CONDITION LEVER.

a. Rig the lever by adjusting the cable end so the start control lever is against the stop in the run
position. The cockpit control lever will have approximately 0.062 inches spring back.
b Pull the condition lever in the cockpit full aft and be certain the start control unit lever on the
start control has reached its limits of travel in the idle cutoff position.
c. Check all iam nuts for security and control linkage attachment hardware for safety.
8A-39. IGNITION CUTOFF SWITCH. The ignition cutoff switches are located in the control pedestal and
are activated by the start control lever.
8A-40. ADJUSTMENT OF IGNITION CUTOFF SWITCH.
a. Set the condition levers in the cutoff position.
b. With the adjustment screw on the switch bracket, adjust the switch toward the condition lever
until the switch is actuated at 1 inch of forward travel of the condition lever. The adjustment screw may be
reached by inserting a long screwdriver through the travel slot of the start control lever in the pedestal
cover.
8A-41. PROPELLER PITCH CONTROL LEVER. The propeller control lever controls propeller pitch and
propeller RPM through a constant speed governor located at the forward top of the engine reduction gear
box.
8A-42. RIGGING PROPELLER PITCH CONTROL LEVER.

a. Adjust the pitch control lever so the governor control arm has contacted the high rpm stop and
the pitch control lever has approximately 0.062 inches spring back. This is made by adjusting the pitch
control rod end at the propeller governor.
b. Secure jam nuts and check attachment hardware for safety.
8A-43. POWER LEVER. The power lever cable is attached to the propeller cam box and fuel control
through a power lever arm. The propeller cam is attached to the fuel control through a fuel control unit
interconnect rod. The propeller cam is also attached to the beta valve and propeller governor through this
push/pull control.
CAUTION
When you are performing any maintenance on the power lever.

remember to disconnect the reversing linkage either at forward
clevis attachment or at the rear clevis attachment on the propeller
cam
This will prevent damage to the reversing linkage in the event that
you have to place the power levers in reverse range with the engine
not running.
8A-44. RIGGING THE POWER LEVER. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.)
a. Remove the clevis pin attaching the wire rope to the cam lever.
b. Remove the bolts holding the power lever cable to the input arm (17) and fuel control
interconnect rod (9)
Reissued: 2/6/81 POWER

PLANT
3B6 PA-31T2
STEP STEP2 STEP3 STEP4
These steps illustrate the correct handling of the control To avoid damage to this precision ball bearing
control do not coil like a rope or force into position
STEP 1 The control is shipped in a figure eight configuration Lift the control from the box
STEP2 Hold control upright with both hands
STEP 3 - Remove shipping wire
STEP 4 - Start with the nearest end fitting and play out the IooDs of the control, one at a time
To straighten the control. establish a turn: anc

524 carry it through from one end to the othre,
Figure 8A-7. Throttle Control Cable Handling Procedure

c. Establish the track point by moving the follower pin rearward in the cam slot until the cam Just
starts to move rearward. then move the follower pin forward until the cam stops moving
d. While holding the track point position. insert tool P/N 51516 behind the cam onto the pin and
hold the cam and tool in position with a small pair of vise grip pliers.
NOTE
Install the pliers tight enough to hold everything from moving. but
not tight enough to damage the cam.
Use of a dial indicator to sense Beta Cam movement may be an aid

to establishing track point
e Install rigging template (P/N 51518) with locator pin assembly (P/N 5 1513). (Refer to Figure 8A-8.)
f When riggng the input arm on the pivot pin. first remove the spline imprints on the inside of the
input arm clamp
NOTE
When installing an input arm make certain both engines have the
same length lever (Refer to the Parts Catalog. )
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 PO PLANT
3B7PA-31T2
3B7
g. Position the power lever input arm (17) 90 degrees from the pivot pins. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.
Sketch A.) Place bolt through lower end of arm and lock in place.
NOTE
As you tighten the lock bolt. keep checking the arm to assure that
it has not moved and do not put too much force on the bolt as
you may push or pull the vise grip pliers loose and you will have to
start all over again with track point set-up.
It is very important that the input arm be securely locked on the

shaft to prevent it from rotating on the shaft during engine
operation.
8A-45. RIGGING THE FUEL CONTROL UNIT TO THE FUEL CONTROL ACTUATING LEVER.
NOTE
Cam box must be at "Track Point" for this adjustment and

whenever the engine is being rigged.
a. Install Beta Rigging template (P N 51518) and locator pin (P N 51513).

b. Remove the interconnecting rod and rotate fuel control unit input arm (7) fully
counterclockwise and then slowly clockwise until the fuel governor cam pick-up point is felt. This point
must be 22.5 degrees ± 0.6 degrees indicated on the template. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.)
NOTE
Initial movement of the fuel control unit input arm from the fully
counterclockwise position is free from resistance until a pick-up
point is recognized when a slight resistance is felt.
c. If the fuel control unit input arm (7) must be adjusted. unsafety the fuel control unit input arm
extension (8) and loosen the arm. Rotate the serrated washer (6) on the fuel control unit and fuel control
arm to obtain the proper rigging.
NOTE
The inner serrated increments are 15 degrees and the outer

serrated increments are 14.4 degrees giving an adjustment in
increments of 0.6 degrees.
d. Adjust the length of the fuel control unit interconnect rod (9) so that when the fuel control unit
input arm (7) is at the 22.5 degree position the rod end bearing of the fuel control unit interconnect rod (9)
just aligns with the top hole of the fuel control unit actuating lever (16). Then lengthen the control rod (9)
by unscrewing one rod end bearing 1.5 turns. Install the fuel control unit control rod and lock jam nuts and
safety.
e. Set the reverse dead band to approximately 5 16 of an inch. (Refer to Sketch B. Figure 8A-8 )

PA-31T2
3B8
3B9
3238 1 START CONTROL CABLE PROPLLERSPEED SELECTLEVER

23. 42 SEAL NUT
2 STARTING CONTROL UNIT MAX STOP 43 CONTROL SHAFT
3 STARTING CONTROL ARM 24 CONTROL LEVER 44 BETA STOP
4 FUEL CONTROL UNIT 25 PROPELLER GOVERNOR L 45 JAM NUT
5 ADJUSTMENT (IDLE SPEED SET) 26. JAM NUT 45A. WASHER
(TOOL P/N 5151 7) 27 AIR BLEED LINK (RESETA RM) 46 WASHER BOLT
6. F C.U ARM SERRATED SPACER 28. MAXIMUM
47 CONTROL PIVOT
29 WIRE ROPE CLEVIS 48 ROD END
. F.C.U ARM EXTENSION
49 BOLT
50 OIL FILTER COVER
51 P3 AIR SUPPLY FILTER
52. JAM NUT
13 PIVOT PINS 51516 CAMREVERSING

LEVER
CONTROL
30PROPELLER
15 CLEVIS 37 TOOL (LOCATED PIN P/N
21 22
1. JAM NUTS (41) SHOULD BE

19 ADJUSTED SO NO TWIST IS PUT
INTO THE CONTROL CABLE
HOUSING (40).
\ 2. LUBRICATE THE PUSH-PULL
CONTROL CABLE (19) WITH
MOLY COAT G TYPE
LUBRICANTS (100 HOUR
INTERVALS)
SKETCH G c624
Figure 8A-8. Engine Controls

3B10 PA-31T2
602
SKETCH A _
POWER LEVER ARM

IDE NTIFICATIONAREA
I Referto throttle control arm NOTE

identification area
812 - No marking (1 97 between hole)

DIMENSION = 750- 2 stamped (1 75 btween holes) DIMENSION - 1 437
525
REVERSE
DEAD BAND
SKETCH B SKETCH C
527 603
FWD
FLUSH
31
SKETCH D SKETCH E
Figure 8A-8. Engine Controls (cont.)

3B11 PA-31T2
529
.75
ROLE CONTROL CA.00
THROTTLE CONTROL CABLE
PRESSURIZATION SEALER
REFER TO SECTION IV.
SKETCH F
Figure 8A-8. Engine Controls (cont.)

PA-31T2
3B12
8A-46. RIGGING THROTTLE CONTROL CABLE TO THE POWER LEVER ARM. (Refer to Figure
8A-8.)
a. Remove control cable attaching bolt (49) from the power lever arm (17).
b. Lock cam lever at track point with tool (P/N 51516). (Refer to Paragraph 8A-44, (cam box)
rigging.)
c. Install beta rigging template (P/N 51518) and locator pin (P/N 51513).
NOTE
Power lever arm must be 90 degrees from pivot pins.

d. With the power control lever in the cockpit at idle position, adjust power cable rod end (48) to a
slip fit to the power control arm attaching bolt (49).
e. Adjust the reverse beta stop (44) to the proper length.
NOTE
Leave the control cable disconnected to prevent someone pulling

the power lever into reverse and moving the track point.
8A-47. BETA VALVE RIGGING PROCEDURE.

a. Check the feedback ring for run out and carbon block clearance. (Refer to Figure 8A-9.)
b. Install the dial indicator to measure run out on the forward inside surface of the feedback ring.
NOTE
When installing a new brush block remove an equal amount of

material from both sides of the block to obtain proper clearance.
c. Disconnect the propeller governor interconnect rod at the governor arm.

d. While holding the reverse arm forward the piston should be just flush with the beta valve cap nut.
If adjustment has to be made. cut the safety wire on the low pitch stop adjuster and jam nut. Loosen the
jam nut and while holding the barrel nut, turn the barrel in or out to adjust the piston flush with the cap
nut. Remember to keep checking flush fit while holding forward pressure on linkage. After adjusting the
beta valve tighten and safety the barrel and jam nut.
8A-48. LOW PITCH STOP SWITCH ADJUSTMENT. (Refer to Figure 8A-9.) The low pitch stop switch is
mounted on the engine reduction gear case and is actuated by the movement of the feedback ring and
propeller reversing lever. Adjust the switch as follows:
a. Ascertain that the switch (7) is adjusted to obtain .032 of an inch space between the actuator
arm and switch body when the plunger (5) is fully depressed.
b Should the switch (7) require adjustment to obtain the .032 dimension, loosen the switch
mounting screws slightly and make the adjustment with the adjusting bolt (13); then secure the switch
mounting screws.
c. Install the feedback ring puller (P/N 51519). Use a 5/8 standard socket against the propeller hub.
d. Adjust the plunger (5) and jam nut (6) to have the low pitch stop switch (7) click closed upon
reaching 1/4 inch forward movement of the feedback ring (10).
e. Recheck this setting and make any final adjustments. Lock the jam nut on the plunger and
torque 20-25 inch-pounds. Remove the puller after making this setting. Ascertain that the plunger (5)
moves smoothly in the bracket (11).
f. Remove the feedback ring puller (P/N 51519).
Reissued: 2/6/81
3B13
3B13 POWER PLANT
PA-31T2
8A-49. RIGGING OF PROPELLER GOVERNOR INTERCONNECTING ROD TO PROPELLER

PUSH-PULL CABLE (Refer to Figure 8A-8.)
NOTE
Before rigging the interconnecting rod, make certain the Beta valve
is properly rigged.
a. With the interconnect rod (22) removed from the propeller governor air bleed link arm (27).
loosen the rod end lock nuts. Hold the governor link arm forward against the low pitch adjuster stop (28)
and adjust the interconnect rod to a slip fit over the attaching bolt.
b. Pre-load the interconnecting rod by shortening the over all length of the rod by turning each rod
end-fitting one-half turn. Tighten lock nu t-to32-336-inch-pounds and safety-wire.
c. Secure the rod end with the attaching hardware and torque bolt and nut to 25-35 inch-pounds
and safety.
8A-50. RIGGING THE PUSH-PULL CABLE TO CAM BOX. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.)
NOTE
Cam box must be held at track point.
a. While holding forward pressure on the reversing linkage, attach the clevis (15) at the end of the
reversing push-pull cable to the second hole on the reversing cam lever.
b. Install clevis pin to a slip-fit and secure pin.
8A-51. PROPELLER REVERSE SWITCH ADJUSTMENT. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.) The propeller reverse
switch (39) is mounted on the rear propeller reverse linkage and is actuated by movement of the propeller
control cam (14) in the reverse direction. Adjust the switch as follows:
a. Be certain that all mechanical linkage is properly adjusted.
b Loosen the attachment screws and rotate the switch counterclockwise until a click can be heard.
c. Move the switch a slight amount more approximately 0.031 of an inch and tighten attachment
screws.
d. Check that by depressing the switch pickup trigger. NO click is heard.

3B14 PA-31T2
8A-53. THROTTLE CONTROL CABLE HANDLING AND STORAGE (POWER LEVER). The throttle
control cables require special handling. storage and installation to prevent irreversible damage to the cables.
The cables utilize close spaced ball bearings above and below a ribbon core of stainless steel. The following
handling and storage procedures should be observed:
a. Uncoiling of the cable should be done as shown in Figure 8A-7.
b. After the cable has been uncoiled the ribbon should be straightened. This assures that the control
is not twisted prior to installation.
c. Pliers or similar devices should not be used to grip any surface of the control.
d. Use the wrench flats on the end fittings and the terminal ends to prevent twisting when torquing
nuts or attaching hardware.
e. The bend radii shall be seven inches minimum.
f. The plane of bend can be changed by allowing the control to coil easily into the new plane
g The control cable assemblies should never be lubricated.
h. Do not twist, crimp, dent, apply side pressure. or stand on the control assembly. It is a precision
ball bearing device and improper handling will seriously affect its operation.
8A-54. THROTTLE CONTROL CABLE REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (POWER LEVER).

a. Observe handling precautions noted in Paragraph 8A-53.
b. Remove access cover aft of the nose gear doors, inboard wing leading edge fairing, nacelle access
covers aft of engine firewall. upper engine cowling and pedestal access covers.
c. Before disconnecting cable obtain measurements of existing installation using the following
procedure. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.)
I Set throttle to idle and lock cam box similar to method for setting track point, do not
disturb engine rigging,
2. Using calipers measure the distance between seal nut (42) and beta stop 144).
3. Back seal nut (42) off and measure distance to end of threads.
4. Count the number of control pivot threads (47) engaged in rod end (48)
d. Cable to be replaced should be removed. Note routing and attachment points for installation of
new cable.
e. Starting at the access hole aft of nose gear doors work the control cable through the fuselage into
the wing leading edge and up to the nacelle attachment point. The control should be routed without any
.restraint at either end or any undo forcing. during installation.
f. Ascertain that cable has been routed properly. Clamps should not be overtightened: cables should
be free to move through the clamps.
g. Check for smooth operation of control before connecting to attachment points
h. Connect control cables to pedestal throttle lever per Figure 8A-8. Sketch F
i. Install control cables to power lever arm as shown in Figure 8A-8. Sketch A. Use measurements
obtained in Step c. above.
j Reseal throttle cable at floor line. refer to Section IV.
k. Run the airplane and make the following check per instruction given in this section
I Forward gas generator (Ng) pickup dead band.
2. Power lever alignment check
3 Reverse maximum power setting.
4. Check that maximum (Ng) speed adjustment contacts part power trim stop
1. If engine rigging is disturbed it will be necessary to perform pre-run rigging and adjustments of
power control and continue through final adjustments.

3B15 PA-31T2
531
13
1 FEEDBACK RING PULLER NO 51519

2 S/ "SOCKET
3 PROPELLER HUB
4 BETA NUTS
SPACE
Figure 8A-9. Low Pitch Stop Switch Adjustment
8A-55 PRE-RUN RIGGING AND ADJUSTMENT OF POWER CONTROL(AIRFRAME TO ENGINE

INTERCONNECT). (Refer to Figure 8A-8 )
a. Rig and adjust all engine controls as per Paragraph 8A-37 through 8A-52 of this section.
b Before the engine is started and running adjustments are attempted. engine instrumentation
should be calibrated. This includes the torquemeter. the ITT gauge. the propeller, and gas generator
tachometer gauges. and the fuel flow gauges. This instrumentation should be checked for accuracy as all
running adjustments are made by matching of engine instrument reading.
8A-56 ENGINE DEPRESERVATION. After completion of a new engine installation and before the first
engine start. the following procedure should be followed to clear the engine
a. Fill the engine oil tank with the recommended oil. (Refer to the latest revision of Pratt and Whitney
Aircraft of Canada Ltd. Service Bulletin No. 1001.)
NOTE
When filling the oil tank. it is recommended that the oil be

foreign material in the engine.
b. Motor the engine to circulate the oil.

c. Recheck the oil level and refill as necessary. Normal oil level is one U.S. quart below the
maximum level mark.
d. Disconnect number one and two fuel manifolds at base of nozzle ring. Attach a short piece of
hose to permit fuel to drain into a container
e. Set start control to run: ignition switch OFF: fuel pump on and fuel shutoff valve on. Insure
ignition micro switch on condition lever opens before fuel flow indication.

PA-31T2
CAUTION
30 seconds ON, 1 minute OFF, 30 seconds ON, 30 minutes OFF).
f. Motor engine until clean fuel is draining from number one manifold.
NOTE
Check for proper operation of oil pressure, fuel flow, fuel

pressure, and Ng percent indicator moves in the proper direction
during initial motoring run.
g. Remove hose from number one manifold and plug line with a suitable plug.
h. Repeat Step f for number two fuel manifold.
i. Remove plugs and reconnect manifolds and safety.
8A-57. ENGINE MOTORING RUN. An engine motoring run is used to clear the engine of trapped fuel or
vapors after an unsatisfactory start and to check for fuel system leaks after component replacement.
a. Set the power control lever at IDLE.
b. Set the starting control lever at CUTOFF.
c. Master switch ON (to supply electrical power to starter).
d. Fuel shutoff valve ON.
e. Fuel boost pump switch ON (to provide lubrication for engine driven fuel pumping elements)
f. Leave ignition switch OFF.
g. Operate the starter for 10 seconds.
CAUTION
Do not exceed starter time limits (30 seconds ON, 1minute OFF.
30 seconds ON, 1 minute OFF. 30 seconds ON, 30 minutes OFF).
h. Release engine starter switch.

i. Fuel boost pump switch OFF, after Ng has stopped.
j. Master switch OFF.
8A-58. ENGINE GROUND CHECK AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

a. Prior to ground testing the engines, the following safety precautions should be adhered to
1. Position the airplane into the wind.
2 Set the parking brake and chock the wheels.
NOTE
The importance of placing chocks in front of the wheels cannot be

overstressed. It is possible for the airplane to move with just the
brakes applied when the power being applied exceeds 600
foot-pounds of torque.
Reissued:2/6/81 3B17 POWER PLANT

PA-31T2
3. Be certain a fire extinguisher is readily available.

4. Be certain the area around the airplane is free of loose objects.
5. Check that the engine intakes and exhausts are free from foreign objects.
6. Ascertain that the danger areas around the airplane are clear of personnel.
b. Ascertain the engine indicating systems are properly calibrated. (Refer to Paragraph 8A-94.)
c. Install the lower cowl if not previously installed: remove the upper cowl if installed, and install
the ground testing cowl P/N 51520 which is available through the Piper Service Department.
NOTE
Before attempting to start the engine, personnel should be checked

out by a qualified pilot or other responsible person on the engine
starting and shutdown procedures, and any other system functions
which-may-be-required-to-properly-and-safely-operate-the-power-
plants. The use of the Pilot's Operating Manual for this information
is required.
d. Start the engine and idle three to five minutes. Cycle the propeller while running. Check the inter-
turbine temperature and torque gauges for proper operation.
e. Shutdown the engine and check the oil level. Refill if necessary to proper level (1 quart below the
full mark).
f. Restart the engine.
g. Check the secondary low pitch stop operation as follows:
1. Move the power levers toward reverse until the low pitch "Beta" lights come on.
2. Push down and hold the lock pitch test switches while continuing to move the power levers
toward reverse. The prop should not go into reverse, and the lights should blink.
3. Continue to move the power levers toward reverse until mechanical resistance is felt.
CAUTION
Do not force the power levers to full reverse, this could cause
damage to the linkage.
4. When mechanical resistance is felt in the power levers, release the secondary low pitch
switch. The props should go toward reverse (increase in prop RPM).
h. Check the overspeed governor (HTG) as explained in Paragraph 8A-31
8A-59. ENGINE IDLE AND POWER ADJUSTMENTS. (Refer to Figure 8A-8 and 8A-10.) Engine
adjustments must be performed after installation of an engine: however, each adjustment can be performed
independently if a specific component or adjustment is to be checked. An example of an adjustment check
sheet is provided to record data obtained during the adjustment procedure. (Refer to Chart 8A-1.) Before
attempting any power adjustments, check to be certain the engine controls are properly rigged.
POWER PLANT
Revised: 4/25/83 PA-31T2
3B18
NOTE

attempting any adjustments.
NOTE
When performing power adjustments, the engines are to be run

with no load applied. Disconnect and cap the air bleed tube at the
rear fire seal. generators off. etc. Power checks must be carried out
under low wind conditions with the aircraft facing into the wind
CAUTION
Shutdown the engine if at any time inter-turbine temperature (T5)

rises abnormally.
a. FORWARD GAS GENERATOR (Ng) PICKUP DEAD BAND. The forward pickup dead band
is the amount of travel the power lever linkage moves before the gas generator speed starts to increase. The
forward pickup must be matched on each power lever to provide matched power output from the engines.
Adjust the forward dead band on the fuel control unit interconnect rod. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.) Shortening
the rod will decrease the amount of dead band.
b. 1700 RPM TORQUE SETTING. The 1700 rpm torque setting is adjusted using the low pitch stop
adjuster on the engine. (Refer to Figure 8A-8. Sketch D.) Adjust the 1700 rpm torque using the following
procedure:
NOTE
It is not necessary to cap the bleed airline when checking the 1700
rpm torque setting.
1. Accurately record the stabilized outside air temperature in degrees Centigrade, and set the
altimeter window to 29.92 and record the pressure altitude.
3. With the propeller lever full forward, advance the power lever until 1700rpm propeller speed
is obtained.
4. Record the engine torque indicated on the torquemeter.
5. Shutdown the engine.
6. Refer to Chart 8A-6 and read the desired engine torque for the prevailing ambient conditions.
7. Insure that the Beta valve slot is flush with the Beta valve capnut: minor torque changes can be
made by adjusting the low pitch stop adjuster as follows: (Refer to Figure 8A-10.)
(a) Holding track point position on the cam control lever, insert tool P N 51516 behind the
cam onto the pin and hold the cam and tool in position with a small pair of vise grip
pliers. Install vise grip pliers tight enough to hold the control cam from moving, but not
tight enough to damage the cam. (Refer to Figure 8A-8. Sketch C.)
(b) Temporarily secure the reset arm to one of the governor screws: then disconnect the
propeller governor interconnect rod from the air bleed link (reset arm).
(c) Loosen the jam nut on the low pitch stop adjuster.
(d) Holding the adjuster slowly turn the barrel in or out to obtain the desired torque setting.

PA-31T2
3B19
CAUTION
Turning the barrel out will increase torque and turning the barrel in
will decrease the torque.
DO NOT turn the barrel more than two turns. (1 2 turn equals
approximately 50 foot-pounds of torque.)
(e) Tighten the jam nut on the adjuster. remove any securing device used to hold the reset
arm and reconnect the interconnect rod.
NOTE
It may be necessary to readjust the interconnect rod. (Refer to

Paragraph 8A-49.)
(f) To insure that no movement was transferred through the wire rope to the cambox. check
the clevis pin fit with the cam at track point. The clevis pin must be a slip fit
NOTE
The torque meter reading should be within 40 foot-pounds of the

value obtained from chart. Right and left engines should be 20 foot-
pounds of each other.
(g) Ascertain that all holding devices are removed and that all areas are properly safety
wired.
POWER PLANT
Reissued: 2/6/81 PA-31T2
3B20
C228 ADJUST BARREL - NO MORE THAN TWO TURNS

TURN=50 FT. LBS. TORQUE) SHOULD NO CHANGE
TAKE PLACE - CHECK FOR CAUSE. MOVEMENT
LOOSEN JAM
NUT
TEMPORARYTIE AIR BLEED RESET

ARM TO A GOVERNOR SCREW.
REMOVE UPON COMPLETION OF
ADJUSTMENT
DISCONNECT INTERCONNECT
ROD BEFORE ADJUSTING LOW
NOTE PITCH STOP MAY REQUIRE
AFTER ADJUSTMENT OF TORQUE
READJUSTMENT UPON RECON-
INSURE PIN IS STILL A SUP FIT
NECTION TO AIR BLEED ARM
WITH CAM AT TRACK POINT. REFER TO PARAGRAPH 8-49
Figure 8A-10. Minor Torque Adjustment
c. IDLE SPEED ADJUSTMENTS. The engine idle speed is controlled bytwo separate adjustments.
minimum governing speed and minimum fuel flow. The minimum governing speed adjustment controls
engine idle at pressure altitudes from sea level to approximately 3500 feet at which the fuel flow required
to achieve 52 gas generator (Ng) idle is greater than the minimum fuel flow setting. At higher altitudes
the minimum fuel flow setting will govern the Ng idle speed
CAUTION
The minimum fuel flow setting is NOT FIELD adjustable.
NOTE
Do not attempt idle speed checks at pressure altitudes greater than

3500 feet.
Adjust idle speed as follows:

1. Check to insure that the power lever linkage is adjusted per Paragraph 8A-55
2. Start the engine and let the oil temperature stabilize.
3 Set the propeller control lever to feather position.
Reissued:
2/6/81 POWER PLANT
PA-31T2
3B21
4. If Ng is less than 52%. proceed as follows:

(a) Adjust minimum governing speed adjuster with tool (P N 51517)(refer to Figures 2-16
and 8A- 11.Sketch B) to obtain 52% Ng minimum. Turn adjuster clockwise to increase
speed. or counterclockwise to decrease speed.
CAUTION
The minimum governing speed adjustment is extremely sensitive;

turn the screw in small increments; 1/16 of a turn equals
approximately 1% change in Ng speed.
d. POWER LEVER ALIGNMENT CHECK.
CAUTION
The wheels should be checked and the parking brakes set when
applying power in excess of 600 foot-pounds. as the aircraft could
move.
I Advance the power levers to 400. 600. 800 and 1.000 foot-pounds of torque and note the
dimensions which the power levers are out of alignment.
2. Adjustment is made by repositioning the fuel control arm (refer to Figure 8A-8. item 7)
clockwise to advance a power lever or counterclockwise to retard a power lever. This adjustment may also
require the readjustment of the fuel control unit interconnect rod (refer to Figure 8A-8). Refer to Paragraph
8A-44. Step "f" for adjustment of arm and Step "g" for adjustment of the interconnect rod.
3. Repeat Steps I and 2 as required to insure power lever alignment.
NOTE
If alignment of the power levers cannot be maintained throughout

their complete travel. it is recommended that a new power le\er
arm (17) be used.
4. After the power levers are aligned, recheck the gas generator pickup and adjust with
interconnect arm (9).
5. With engines shut down. move power levers full forward and insure gas generator stop is
contacted. Power levers should remain aligned at this position. If gas generator stop cannot be contacted on
one of the engines. the above adjustments must be made to the opposite power lever.
e. REVERSE GAS GENERATOR (Ng) PICKUP DEAD BAND. The reverse gas generator pickup
dead band is the amount of travel the power lever arm moves before the cam follower pin contacts the fuel
control unit reversing lever: at this point the gas generator speed starts to increase. Adjust the pickup dead
band to approximately .31 of an inch Gas generator pickup should occur when propeller rpm speed has
dropped 150 rpm. These settings may require additional adjustment to insure gas generator speed on both
engines picks up simultaneously in reverse.
Revised: 10/15/82 3B22 POWER PLANT

PA-31T2
f. REVERSE MAXIMUM POWER SETTING. The reverse maximum power setting is limited to.
200 shp (shaft horsepower) to achieve the correct reverse power setting, proceed as follows:
CAUTION
Do not select reverse power with the engine static: as damage will
be done to the linkage.
2. Move the power levers into the reverse position and record the torque (Q) and propeller
speed (Np).
3 Move the power levers to the idle position.
4. To determine the reverse horsepower. use the following equation: Q x Np x 0.00019. This
equation will give the reverse power for the prevailing ambient conditions.
5. If necessary, adjust the reverse stop on the power linkage. (Refer to Figure 8A-8.
Sketch A.) An increase in gap is equal to an increase in engine power. One flat on the reverse power stop
equals a 25 foot-pound increase in torque. For nominal setting. refer to Figure 8A-8. Sketch A dimension B
6. Secure the jam nut on the reverse stop after the adjustment is complete.
g. MAXIMUM PROPELLER SPEED. The maximum propeller speed is 1900 rpm. Adjust the
maximum propeller speed as follows:
1. Start the engine and allow the instruments to stabilize
2. With the propeller lever full forward, advance the power lever to obtain 1900 propeller rpm
3. If necessary, adjust the maximum propeller speed adjustment to obtain the desired 1900
rpm.
h. MAXIMUM GAS GENERATOR (Ng) SPEED. Refer to the Part Power Trim Check
Procedures. Paragraph 8A-61
i. PROP REVERSING ALIGNMENT CHECK.
1. With the engines running. slowly move the power levers toward reverse and note that the
propellers move into Beta together (RPM increase).
2. Matching is determined by carefully rechecking and adjusting the Beta valve. (Refer to
Paragraph 8A-55 )
POWER PLANT
3B23
533 SKETCH A
1 5 2
1 GOVERNOR MAX SPEED
ADJUSTMENT
2 PNEUMATIC MAX STOP(NOT
FOR FIELD ADJUSTMENT)
3 PNEUMATIC MIN ECCENTRIC
ADJUSTMENT
4 AIR BLEED LINK (RESETARM)
5 FEATHERINGADJUSTER 4
PROPELLER GOVERNOR
1 IDLE SPEED SET (MIN Ng

GOVERNINGSPEED)
(TOOL P, N 51517)
2 ACCELERATIONADJUSTMENT SKETCH B
3 MIN FLOW ADJUSTMENT (NOT
FIELD ADJUSTABLE
4 PART POWER TRIM STOP
5 MAX Ng SPEEDADJUSTMENT
6 METERINGSLEEVE
5
VIEW A-A
FUEL CONTROL UNIT
Figure 8A-11. Running Adjustment Settings

PA-31T2
3B24
8A-60. ENGINE GROUND TESTING. Ground testing procedures must be carried out periodically to
determine any changes in engine performance and detect any mechanical deterioration of the engine. All
forms of engine deterioration are accompanied by an increase in inter-turbine temperature and fuel flow at
a given power. Compressor deterioration is usually due to dirt deposits and causes an increase in gas
generator speed at a given power setting This form of deterioration can be remedied by a compressor wash.
Refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual. Hot section
deterioration will cause a decrease in gas generator speed at a given power setting.
NOTE
Engine ground testing must be performed with no load applied

(bleed air capped off, generators off. etc.) and under low wind
conditions with the aircraft facing into the wind.
NOTE

attempting any power checks.
8A-61. PART POWER TRIM CHECK. (Refer to Figure 8A-11.) Fuel control units are calibrated to insure
maximum power. The part power trim stop must be adjusted to insure maximum power on a 21° C (71° F) day
If engine inlet temperature is other than this. it will not be possible to set the maximum Ng speed stop without
first reaching either an inter-turbine temperature or a torque limit. To overcome this. the part power trim stop
is provided. The stop is a movable spacer placed between gas generator maximum speed (Ng) stop and power
lever anvil and represents a 1700rpm (Ng) speed decrease. The part power trim stop is permanently attached to
the fuel control unit and is used only for engine trimming. Adjust the maximum Ng speed as follows:
a. Loosen the screw securing the part power trim stop and rotate the stop into position so as to
limit the power control lever travel.
b. Disconnect and cap the air bleed tube at the rear fire seal. Do not allow any leakage.
c. Start the engine and allow it to stabilize with no load applied to the engine (generators off. bleed
airline capped off. etc.)
d. Advance the power lever until the part power trim stop is contacted and allow the engine to
stabilize at this setting with the propeller control forward.
CAUTION
If ambient temperatures are excessively high. it will be impossible

to perform this adjustment without reaching a temperature limit.
Do not exceed the maximum inter-turbine temperature limit
(805°C) and torque limit (1714 foot-pounds at 1900 RPM).
e. Check the gas generator (Ng) speed and. if required. adjust the gas generator maximum speed
adjustment to obtain 97 1% gas generator speed. 1/2 turn = approximately 1% change.
CAUTION
GAS GENERATOR SPEED MUST NOT EXCEED 97.1%

DURING CHECK AND ADJUSTMENT AND INTER-
TURBINE TEMPERATURE MUST NOT EXCEED THE
MAXIMUM LIMIT (805°C).

POWER PLANT
3C1 PA-31T2
f. Shutdown the engine.

g. Stow and lockwire the part power trim stop and lockwire the gas generator maximum speed
adjustment.
h. Conduct a flight to an altitude of 15.000 feet. At some point, obtain a full throttle setting
without exceeding torque or temperature limits. Observe that the maximum Ng speed never exceeds 101%.
but does reach a minimum of 100%. If the Ng does not reach 100%;then readjust set screw on the ground
but DO NOT run up engine on ground. Re-fly the aircraft to obtain a minimum of 100% Ng.
i. If flight test shows Ng above 101%. then readjust set screw on ground to a lower setting and
re-fly aircraft as stated in Step h.
CAUTION
Never exceed 101.5%.
8A-62. ENGINE OVERTEMPERATURE AND OVERTORQUE LIMITS. For overtemperature or over-

torque limits and the necessary inspection procedures and corrective action. refer to Table VIIIA-II for
8A-62a. ENGINE GROUND PERFORMANCE CHECK. Engine performance checking curves enables
engine performance to be checked, on the ground. over a wide range of ambient temperatures without over-
torquing or overtemperaturing the engine. Charts 8A-2 thru 8A-5 are used to determine the desired engine
performance parameters. Determine the engine performance as follows:
NOTE
Engine instruments should be recently calibrated.
a. Obtain and record the ambient air temperature. Set the altimeter window to 29.92 and record the
pressure altitude.
b. Refer to Charts 8A-2 thru 8A-5. and from the appropriate graph read and record fuel flow, gas
generator speed torque and inter-turbine temperature for the prevailing ambient conditions.
c. With these values established, proceed with engine performance check.
NOTE
This check must be carried out with generators off. but do

not disconnect bleed air.
d. Start the engine and run at idle rpm for 5 minutes to allow temperatures to stabilize.
e. Set propeller control lever to give 1900 rpm with power lever set to give torque setting previously
determined from the engine performance curve. Allow the instruments to stabilize at this setting.
f. Record and compare observed fuel flow. gas generator speed. and inter-turbine temperature with
values previously recorded. The values observed must be within the following limits:
1. Fuel flow - do not exceed.
2. Gas generator speed - do not exceed.
3. Maximum inter-turbine temperature not exceeded.
If temperature is more than 75° C below target temperature. check instrumentation.
NOTE
It is normal for the fuel flow. ITT and Ng to be below the chart value.
but should not exceed it.

PA-31T2
3C2
g. If engine performance deviates from the preceding limits, refer to Table VIII-II for appropriate
NOTE
throughout its history cannot be overemphasized.The Aircraft Gas
Pratt and WhitneyAircraft of Canada Ltd.,and should be consulted
latest revision.)

3C3 PA-31T2

PIPER CHEYENNE
IDLE (N - 52% MIN. ENGINE NUMBERS L. R

IDLE ITT - 685C MAX
OIL PRESSURE- 40PSI MIN. (IDLE)
85 TO 105 PSI TAKEOFF MECHANIC
OIL TEMP ·0°C to 99°C
FUEL PRESSURE- 15 to 27 PSI DATE
MAX PROPELLER SPEED - 1900 RPM
REVERSE MAX POWER- 200 HP
MAX. GAS GENERATOR SPEED 97 1% AMBIENT CONDITIONS
- (PART-POWERETRIM STOP)
CONTACTED.) PRESSUREALTITUDE FT
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP 'C

LEFT RIGHT LEFT (1) RIGHT (1)
ENGINE ENGINE ENGINE ENGINE
ADJUSTMENT SETTINGS PART POWERTRIM CHECK
FORWARD DEAD BAND IN. IN TORQUE FT-LB FT-LB

Ng
1900RPM TORQUE SETTING FT-LB FT-LB ITT °C
ITT °C DATA PLATE SPEED

CHECK
IDLE SPEED (Ng)
REVERSE DEAD BAND IN IN TORQUE FT-LB (2) TFT-LB FT-LB
REVERSE MAXIMUM POWER RPM RPM FUEL FLOW LBS/HR (2) -LBS/HR LBSHR
12)
FT-LB FT-LB Ng/DPS _
MAXIMUM PROPELLER SPEED RPM RPM ITT C (2) C
NOTES REMARKS
1 INDICATED INSTRUMENT READINGS
Chart 8A-1. Ground Adjustment Check Sheet

PA-31T2
3C4
500
OAT (°C)
1220
103
Gas GeneratorSpeed (PA-31T2)-
98
93
88 T
-40
OAT (°C)
3229
2000
1500
1000
OAT (°C)

3C5 PA-31T2
3230
20 30 40 50 60 65
(°C)
Added:2/15/82 3C6 POWER PLANT

/3C6 PA-31T2
800
700
600
3C8
8A-63. ENGINE SHOCK MOUNTS.

NOTE
Refer to the latest revision to Lord Bulletin No. SM-6304 for all
detailed information concerning cleaning, inspection, checking,
disassembly and assembly instructions:
Lord Aerospace Products
8A-63a. INSPECTION OF MOUNT ASSEMBLIES. Mounting assemblies of the LM-423, LM-423R and
LM-4235 are to be visually inspected at each regularly scheduled inspection of the aircraft's engines, at each
engine overhaul and at every 300 hours maximum. Inspect these mounting assemblies in their installed state by
the following procedure:
a. Visually inspect all metal parts for cracks and excessive nicks, scratches or gouges.
b. Inspect all bolts, cotter pins and lockwires. Tighten and/or replace as required.
c. Inspect bonded sandwich mountings for metal-to-rubber bond separation or flex cracks.
d. Repair or replace any of the above components as required.
8A-63b. CLEANING MOUNT ASSEMBLIES.

CAUTION
DO NOT use cleaning solvents on bonded rubber parts.
Using a clean, dry cloth, wipe oil and dirt from the bonded rubber parts. Wash unbonded parts in dry
cleaning solvent, federal specification number PS-661 or equivalent.
8A-64. REPLACEMENT OF SHOCK MOUNTS. (Refer to Figure 8A-6.) The engine shock mounts may be
replaced as follows:
b. Attach a sling to the engine lift points and using a one-half ton hoist relieve the tension on the mounts.
c. Remove the nut, washer, and bolt that attaches the mounting pad to the tubular engine mount.
d. Remove the safety wire from the mounting pad special bolts; remove the bolts and withdraw the
mount assembly.
e. Install the mount assembly in reverse order of removal. Torque the pad mounting special bolts to 225
to 300 inch-pounds and safety with MS20995-C41 safety wire.
f. Torque the mount bolt to 450-500 in.-lbs. (Refer to Figure 8A-6, Section B-B.)
8A-65. ENGINE FIRE SEALS.
8A-66. GENERAL. The engine fire seals are bolted to the engine fire seal flange forward and aft of the engine
compressor intake. The fire seals are constructed of semicircular sections and are designed to form a fire seal
between the engine and cowling. The fire seals also provide a mounting location and support for lines, wire,
and cables routed from the fire wall to the engine front accessories.
Interim3C9 POWERPLANT
Interim Revision:10/15/97 3C9 PA-31T2
8A-67. ENGINE FUEL SYSTEM.

8A-68. GENERAL. The fuel control system consists of a single engine driven pump, a fuel control unit, start
control, and a dual fuel manifold with seven nozzles per manifold. An automatic fuel dump valve and two
scavenger pump system collects residual fuel after engine shutdown and injects the fuel into the aircraft fuel
tank during engine start. Refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance
Manual for detailed information regarding removal, and inspections to the various engine fuel system
components not covered in this manual.
8A-69. FUEL CONTROL UNIT.
8A-70. REMOVAL OF FUEL CONTROL UNIT.
a. Move the fire wall fuel shutoff to the off position.
b. Remove the engine cowling per Paragraph 8A-5.
c. Disconnect fuel inlet hose, outlet tube, pneumatic tubes, and fuel bypass tubes at the fuel control unit;
cap all lines to prevent contamination.
d. Disconnect the fuel control unit interconnect rod at the fuel control unit.
e. Remove mounting nuts and washers that secure fuel control unit to the fuel pump and withdraw fuel
control unit.
8A-71. PREPARATION FOR SHIPPING. Fuel control units taken out of service or being returned for
overhaul should be preserved and packaged using the following procedure:
NOTE
Do not permit fuel or oil to enter the drive body cavity or any air
pressure port.
a. Drain all residual fuel from the fuel section of the control and completely fill with clean oil
conforming to Specification MIL-O-6081, Grade 1010. Tip the control as necessary to assure a
complete film on all parts and passages in the fuel section.
b. After preservation is complete, drain the oil from the control and replace all caps and plugs previously
removed.
c. When packaging the unit for shipping, be certain all shipping plugs and caps are secure. Place the unit
in a moisture and vapor proof container or plastic bag and seal the bag. Pack the sealed unit in a
shipping carton or case.
8A-72. PREPARATION FOR SERVICE. Prepare the fuel control unit for service using the following
procedure:
a. Inspect all lockwire and lockwire seals. Return the unit for recalibration if any lockwire seal indicates
tampering or if the wire is broken.
b. Units which have fuel sections preserved with oil are to be flushed with fresh fuel conforming to
Specification MIL-F-7024A, Type II, and permitted to stand filled with fuel for eight hours minimum
before operation.
NOTE
Do not permit fuel or oil to enter the drive body cavity or any air
pressure port. Do not attempt to replace any lockwire seal until the
unit has been checked to be certain calibration or operation has not
been affected.
POWERPLANT
PA-31T2 3C10 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
8A-73. INSTALLATION OF FUEL CONTROL UNIT.

CAUTION
If a replacement fuel control unit is to be installed, preservation oil
must be removed. (Refer to Paragraph 8A-72.)
a. Check to be certain the fuel control unit drive coupling is properly installed in the fuel pump output
drive. If coupling shaft was detached during control unit removal, reinstall by inserting male splined
end in fuel pump and engaging pump output drive. Failure to install coupling will result in
uncontrolled Ng increase.
b. Install new O-ring in recess of fuel pump mating face and install unit over studs. Insure coupling shaft
is meshed properly. Secure unit with washers and self-locking nuts; torque 65 to 85 inch-pounds.
c. Connect fuel inlet hose and torque coupling nut 170 to 200 inch-pounds and lockwire.
d. Connect fuel outlet tube, fuel bypass tube, and pneumatic tubes to fuel control unit; torque coupling
nuts 90 to 100 inch-pounds and lockwire.
e. Connect fuel control unit interconnect rod; torque nuts 24 to 36 inch-pounds and lock with cotter pin.
f. Perform an engine motoring run per Paragraph 8A-57 with starting control lever in run position.
8A-74. FUEL CONTROL UNIT CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS. The following checks and adjustments
must be performed after a fuel control unit has been replaced:
a. Idle speed setting (refer to Paragraph 8A-59).

b. Maximum Ng speed (refer to Paragraph 8A-61).
c. Fuel control pneumatic system (refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine
Maintenance Manual).
8A-75. FUEL CONTROL PNEUMATIC (P3) FILTER MAINTENANCE. The P3 filter is an inline type filter
located in the Px line just aft of the rear fire seal. (Refer to Figure 8A-6, Item 15.) The filter should be removed
and inspected for contamination at 100-hour intervals and replaced if necessary. A new filter should be
installed every 1000 hours. Do not attempt to clean this filter with solvent (refer to the latest revision of Pratt
and Whitney Field Note #872).
8A-76. FUEL MANIFOLD ADAPTER REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. Before removing any adapters
from the engine, each adapter should be marked using a suitable marker (refer to Table VIIIA-II for
appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual) to insure returning the adapters to their original
position on the engine. Positions should be numbered clockwise 1 to 14, looking from the rear of the engine,
with the number 1 position being at the 12 o'clock location. For complete removal, leakage test, and
installation of manifold adapters, refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine
Maintenance Manual.
Interim Revision:10/15/97 3C1

3C1 15POWER PLANT
PA-31T2
8A-76a. FUEL NOZZLE ADAPTER INSPECTION. (Refer to Figure 8-11a.) Each time the fuel nozzle
adapter is removed or installed:
a. With the nozzle adapter and sheath pressed together by hand and the pin engaged, check the clearance
between the adapter and sheath all around with a feeler gauge. Maximum gap is .003 inch. A larger
gap suggests that one or the other part is distorted and should be replaced.
b. With the nozzle adapter and sheath assembled together, carefully check the clearance around the fuel
nozzle tip with the side of the hole in the sheath, this clearance must not be less than .020 inch. The
shank of a No. 76 drill (.020 dia.) may be used for this purpose. If the clearance is less than this value
at any point or if the drill could not be passed completely around the nozzle tip, determine by
substitution which is the distorted part and discard.
PT6A-65
TYPICAL
GASGENERATOR
CASE
76 SIZEDRILL
(0.020" DIA.)
Figure 8A-11a. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection
8A-77. FUNCTIONAL CHECK OF FUEL MANIFOLD ASSEMBLIES. Fuel nozzles may be tested alone or
in their adapters, using the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. test rig P/N CPWA30506 or by
fabricating a test rig locally from information supplied with this text. (Refer to Figure 8A-12.)
CA UTIONS
The test rig must be grounded to prevent possible danger of
electrostatic discharge.
Observe all fire precautions when working with fuel.
POWERPLANT
PA-31T2 3CInterim Revision: 10/15/97
a. Using the fabricated test rig, set the regulator to zero, close the outlet valve (20). open filler valve
(6) and remote plug (11).
CAUTION
Insure that all pressure if any is relieved from the tank before
opening the filler valve (6). or removing plug (11).
b. Fill the tank (1) approximately 3,4 full with clean fuel and close the filler valve (6) and replace
the plug (I ).
c. Install a fuel nozzle with or without its adapter using a mounting bracket if desired. Refer to
Figure 8A-12 for view of mounting bracket.
d. Set the regulator to obtain 12.5 psig on the pressure gauge (19).
e. Holding the plug (23) against the transfer tube and nozzle adapter (if no bracket is used).
gradually open the outlet valve (20).
f. A good clean spray should appear at less than 12.5 psig. free from spitting or drooling.
g. Increase the pressure to 60 psig. The volume of the spray should increase. There should be a
maximum of 12, streakiness and the spray should be evenly spread about the center axis of the nozzle
orifice.
NOTE
Streakiness is defined as variation of spray quantity in different

parts of the spray cone. showing up as darker streaks in the spray.
h. If spitting or drooling occurs at 12.5 psig. or more than 12 percent streakiness is evident at 60
psig. reject the fuel nozzle and install a new nozzle.
i. If necessary, remove carbon buildup at the fuel nozzle by lightly brushing the orifice face with
either a bronze or non-metallic bristled brush. Cleaning must be accomplished while fuel is flowing through
the nozzle.
j. Close the pressure regulating valve (5) and allow the pressure gauge to decrease to zero, then close
valve (20).
NOTE
It is suggested that a few new nozzles be tested in order to

recognize a good spray pattern.
8A-78. FUEL SCAVENGER SYSTEM The purpose of the fuel scavenger system is to collect residual fuel
after engine shutdown and return the fuel to the nacelle fuel tank during engine start. The system consists
of a solenoid valve, a jet type pump with an integral reservoir mounted on the side of the oil cooler duct
below the accessory gearbox housing, a check valve, and the necessary lines and tubing interconnecting the
system.
The system operates during engine shutdown and startup only. When the engine is shutdown, residual
fuel is drained into the scavenger pump reservoir from the fuel nozzles. During engine startup, a solenoid
valve is energized allowing engine purge fuel to enter the scavenger pump jet. The high velocity fuel from
the jet picks up the fuel in the reservoir and returns the fuel to the nacelle tank. When the starter is released,
the solenoid valve is returned to the closed position. An overboard vent line is attached to the scavenger pump
in the event of a malfunction. The presence of fuel being vented overboard indicates the system is not operating
properly. Maintenance to the system is limited to checking the solenoid valve and check valve for proper
operation and examining lines and tubing for obstructions or leakage. (Refer to Table VIIIA-III for
Troubleshooting procedures.)

PA-31T2
3C13
TABLE VIIIA-III. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (FUEL SCAVENGER SYSTEM)
Fuel being drained over- Defective check valve. Replace check valve.
board during engine
start. Restricted jet pump Remove nozzle and clean.
nozzle. Check for proper seating
of jet.
Fuel-being-drained Solenoid-valve-not- - Check-operation-and-re

overboard during opening. place if necessary.
engine shutdown.
Fuel being drained over- Defective check valve. Replace check valve
board with full tip tanks.
8A-79. IGNITION SYSTEM
8A-80. GENERAL.The ignition system consists of one exciter box. two ignition leads, and two spark
igniters for each engine.
The igniters are of the low voltage or shunted surface gap type, requiring about 8000-volts to spark.
Ignition is by both igniters simultaneously: there is not provision for single igniter operation. D.C. power is
delivered to the exciter box from the respective engine bus through a series hookup of an ignition selector
switch in the engine control switch panel. and a micro switch located on the start control lever, so that no
power is available to the exciter box until both switches have been actuated. The ignition cutoff switch will
not be actuated until the start control lever has been moved out of the cutoff position.
For information regarding the items installed on the engine and functional check of the system, refer
to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual
WARNING
Observe the necessary safety precautions when working with the

high voltage ignition system. Allow at least 6 minutes after the
ignition system is turned off before touching the ignition system.
This is a 4.7 joule system and is capable of killing if improperly
handled.

PA-31T2
3C14
1374
1. PIPE - 12 IN. X 3 IN. DIA. WATER

OR STEAM
2. TOP CAP - DRILL AND TAP - 2
PLACES
3. NIPPLE-.25
4. NIPPLE - 25
5. PRESSURE REGULATOR
6. VALVE -. 25 NOTE
7. AIR SUPPLY -SHOP DRILL BOTH THE END OF THE
8. NIPPLE -. 25 NIPPLE AND THE BORE OF THE
9. QUICK DISCONNECT PLUG TO 0.325 TOO 327 IN.
10. NIPPLE-.25
11. PLUG -25
12. BOTTOM CAP DRILL AND TAP
I PLACE
13. NIPPLE .25
0
14. ELBOW - 9
15.NIPPLE -. 25
16. FILTER - 10 MICRON ELEMENT
17. NIPPLE -. 25
18. TEE
19 . GAUGE -0 TO 100 PSI
20. VALVE -25
21. NIPPLE -. 25
22. NIPPLE -25 SEE NOTE
23. PLUG -25 SEE
24 NUT
25. SCREW
26. RETAINING BRACKET
STAINLESS STEEL
CAUTION
THE TEST RIG MUST BE GROUNDED
TO PREVENT POSSIBLE DANGER OF
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE.
Figure 8A-12 Fuel Manifold Test Rig

3C15 PA-31T2
8A-81. CHECKING IGNITION SYSTEM. A common cause of ignition problems is thelow battery. Before
inspecting the ignition system, try a normal start with a auxiliary power unit. If engine will not start
proceed to check ignition system. The ignition system requires at least 9 volts to spark.
During the following procedure, it is recommended that an auxiliary power unit (APU) be used for
motoring runs and start attempts to eliminate the possibility of low voltage at the exciter box and/or
excessive battery drain.
WARNING
Do not turn on ignition before motoring engine 15 to 20 seconds

prior to proceeding to step a.
a. Turn on battery master switch, ignition arm switch, and advance-the-condition-lever-to "run"
(Engine not rotating) Listen for spark. If spark is audible, ignition is satisfactory.
1. Proceed as follows if spark is not audible as noted in Step a:
(a) Disconnect the battery.
(b) Remove one or the other engine igniters and touch lead end against engine case to be
sure no residual charge is retained.
(c) While the lead is disconnected install a new igniter on the end of the harness.
CAUTION
Hold the igniter stationary, insert the rubber lead into the igniter
and tighten the nut finger tight. Do Not rotate the igniter after the
rubber has been inserted, or the lead will be damaged. Turn the
nut to prevent damaging the lead.
3C16 PA-31T2
(d) Allowing the igniter to hang on the lead, reconnect the battery.
CAUTION
Be sure all personnel are clear of the ignition system and that the
igniter is not near an explosive mixture, such as spilled fuel or
solvents.
(e) Turn on master switch, ignition arm switch and advance the condition lever to "run"
Ignition should fire one to two times per second depending on voltage.
(f) If ignition is firing satisfactorily as noted in Step (e) proceed as follows:
(1) Secure engine by moving the condition lever to "Stop", ignition switch off. and
turn battery-master switch off,
(2) Install new igniters in the engine and reconnect the harness.
(g) Check the operation of new installed igniters by performing a normal start. If the
aircraft is not in a position for starting the engine, perform the following:
(1) Turn the battery master switch "ON".
(2) DO NOT turn the Ignition Switch "ON".
(3) DO NOT turn the Fuel Pump "ON".
(4) Turn the Starter Switch "ON" and motor the engine for 15-20 seconds.
(5) Turn the Starter Switch "OFF" and allow the engine to come to a complete stop.
(6) Turn the Ignition Switch "ON".
(7) DO NOT turn the Starter Switch "ON".
(8) With the engine not rotating, advance the CONDITION lever to "RUN". Listen
for spark. If sparking is audible, ignition is satisfactory.
(9) Secure engine by turning the CONDITION lever to "STOP" Ignition Switch
"OFF" and Battery Switch "OFF".
(h) If engine will not start, or if the ignition is NOT firing, secure the engine using normal
procedures and perform the following:
(1) Remove the electrical plug from the primary end of the exciter box and with a
Volt Ohmmeter, check for 24 volts between pin A+ and B (the master switch and
ignition switch must be "ON" and the start control full forward).
(2) If 24 volts are present on the primary side and no ignition, attach a new harness
to one side of the box. Install the new igniter on this lead and try for ignition
(master "ON", ignition "ON" and start control forward). If no spark - replace
exciter box.
(3) Check the operation of the newly installed exciter box by repeating g above, for
testing igniters in the engine.
(i) If engine does not start, check the fuel system for proper operation.
8A-82. IGNITTON-CUTOFF SWITCH REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. The ignition cutoff switches
are mounted in the same manner as the landing gear warning switches. Refer to Section VII. for removal and
installation instructions
8A-83 IGNITION CUTOFF SWITCH ADJUSTMENT. The ignition cutoff switches are located in the
control pedestal and are activated by the start control lever
a Set the start control levers in the cutoff position.
b. With the adjustment screw on the switch bracket. adjust each switch separately toward the start
control lexer until the switch is heard to actuate I inch of forward travel. The adjustment screw may be
reached by inserting a long screwdriver through the travel slot of the start control lever in the pedestal
co er
c. Check adjustment of switch.
Reissued: 2/6/81 3C17 POWER PLANT

PA-31T2
8A-84. IGNITER PLUG CLEANING AND INSPECTION.

a. Cap the cable terminal end of the igniter plug to prevent entry of foreign material during
cleaning.
b. Use a soft wire brush to clean the plug barrel and a cloth buffing wheel for threads. The electrode
end of the igniter plug should never be cleaned. Any carbon on the tip aids operation of the plug.
CAUTION
Never sandblast or use a liquid suspended abrasive for cleaning

igniter plug. Any abrasive action removes semi-conductor material
in gap area and adversely affects functioning of the plug.
c. Blow any loose carbon or other loose foreign material from igniter plug withanair blast.
d. Remove cap from cable terminal end and wipe igniter plug with a lint-free cloth dampened in
Methylethylketone. Dry with an air blast.
e. Inspect the terminal end of the plug for any visible evidence of damage. Minor nicks. burrs. or
slightly damaged threads may be corrected using a fine file. Reject the plug if any of the following
conditions exist:
NOTE
Check plug manufacturer's tolerances for wear limits, or Pratt and

Whitney Engine manual. (Refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual.)
1. Insulator broken, cracked or loose.

2. Input connector pin noticeably damaged or bent.
3. Center electrode badly burned, broken or pitted.
4. Flange and metal shield of firing end is bent. grooved or eroded. Mating surface of flange
must be flat and smooth.
8A-85. LUBRICATION SYSTEM.
8A-86. GENERAL. The engine lubricating system supplies lubricating oil under pressure to the necessary
engine components by a main pressure pump located in the oil tank. Oil pressure is regulated by a
plunger-type pressure relief valve secured to the top of the main oil pressure pump. The oil cooler is located
under the rear accessory gearbox housing and is attached to the fire wall and oil cooler duct
8A-87. OIL COOLER.
8A-88. REMOVAL OF OIL COOLER.

b. Remove the access panels on the nacelle.
c. Disconnect the drain lines attached to the oil cooler duct.
d. Disconnect the oil cooler inlet and outlet lines at the oil cooler and cap the lines to prevent
contamination.
e. Drain the oil cooler.
f. The duct assembly is riveted to the lower section of cowl fire seal assembly Release the duct
assembly by removing the hardware which secures the lower section of the cowl fire seal assembly to the two
upper seal assemblies.
g. Remove the attachment hardware connecting the cooler to the duct assembly and fire wall and
lower the oil cooler from the aircraft.

18
3C18
3C PA-31T2
140
1. O-RING
2. OIL FILTER ELEMENT
3. O-RING
4. OIL FILTER COVER
5. O-RING
6. TEFLON SPACER
Figure 8A-13. Oil Filter Element
8A-89. INSTALLATION OF OIL COOLER.

a. Position the oil cooler on the fire wall and install the mounting hardware. Install the attachment
hardware connecting the oil cooler to the oil cooler duct.
b. Install the hardware securing the lower section of the cowl fire seal assembly to the two upper
sections of the fire seal assembly.
c. Attach the drain lines to the oil cooler mounting bolts.
d. Connect the oil cooler inlet and outlet lines to the respective connection on the oil cooler. Install
oil cooler drain plug and safety.
e. Perform an engine motoring run per Paragraph 8A-57 to check for oil leaks
f. Recheck the oil level and fill as required.
g. Install the access panels on the nacelle.
h. Install the engine cowling.
8A-90 OIL FILTER ELEMENT REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Refer to Figure 8A-13)
a. Remove the oil filter element by removing the four self-locking nuts and plain washers that secure
the filter cover to the right side of the compressor inlet case at the 3 o'clock position.
b. Remove the filter cover and O-ring. discard the O-ring.
c. With the use of the filter removal tool (CPWA30328). withdraw the filter element from the filter
body and discard the O-ring from the element.
Reissued:2/6/81 POWERPLANT
3C19 PA-31T2
NOTE
The non-cleanable filter P N 3024084 will replace the cleanable

type filter P/N 3022070 and has a service life of 1,000 hours.
Cleanable filter elements 3017383 and or 3022069 will be available
from spare parts sales for those operators who wish to continue
using this type filter.
d. Install the filter element in reverse order of removal (perforated flange first) using new O-rings.
e. Insure that teflon spacer is in position on lugs of filter cover.
f. Install cover and secure with four plain washers and self-locking nuts. Torque nuts 24 to 36
inch-pounds.
NOTE
Those who choose to retain the non-cleanable filter must insure

that maintenance procedures prevent attempted ultrasonic cleaning
of these parts.
8A-91. CLEANING PROCEDURES FOR CLEANABLE FILTER ELEMENTS. In aircraft with atypical
utilization of fifty hours per month or less. the element must be cleaned every 400 hours or 9 months whichever
comes first. With the filter removed. clean the element in accordance with instructions found in Pratt and
8A-92. BLEED AIR SYSTEM.
8 -93. GENERAL. The engine has three separate air bleed systems: a compressor air bleed control. a bearing
compartment air seal and bleed system, and a turbine disc cooling system. Engine compressor bleed air is used
to provide high pressure air for cabin pressurization.
Compressor bleed valve malfunction may cause unsatisfactory part power and performance checks. For
symptoms of compressor bleed valve malfunction, refer to Table VII IA-II for appropriate Pratt and Whitney
Engine Maintenance Manual.
POWER PLANT
Reissued:2/6/81 PA-31T2
3C20
8A-94. ENGINE INDICATING SYSTEMS.
8A-95. DIGITAL/ANALOG TORQUE INDICATING SYSTEM.
8A-96. GENERAL. The torque pressure system consists of a pressure transmitter mounted on the reduction
gearbox case, and a torquemeter indicator mounted in the instrument panel. The torque pressure value is
obtained from the pressure transmitterwhich monitors the pressure differential between the two outlets on top
of the reduction gearbox case.
8A-97. CALIBRATION TEST. (Refer to Figure 8A-14.)

a. Remove the hose from the high pressure port on the transmitter.
b. Connect a suitable pressure system tester to this port, but do not remove the vent line from the
transmitter.
c. Attach a 28VDC power source to the external power receptacle.
d. Ascertain that pressure test unit is set at 0 psi.
e. Activate D.C. power source.
f. Increase pressure to the transmitter to 50 psi and check reading. Readings must remain in the
tolerances as specified in Table VIIIA-IV.
g. If necessary, adjust the gauge to obtain the correct torque readings. The gauge adjustment is located
behind the gauge. Turn the adjustment accordingly to correct the torque reading.
h. Decrease pressure to the transmitter to 25 psi and check reading. (Refer to Table VIIIA-IV.) If
necessary, increase pressure back to 50 psi and adjust indication upwards or downwards in order to obtain an
indication at 25 psi that falls within tolerances listed.
i. After completion of adjustments to the gauge at 50 psi, recheck and assure they remain within the
tolerances specified in Table VIIIA-IV.
j. Check from 0 to 55 psi. Ascertain that all readings remain in the tolerances as specified in Table
VIIIA-IV.
0-1714 LB -FT
GREEN ARC (0-48.66 PSI)
RED RADIAL 1714 LB -FT
1382 LB -FT
RED DIAMOND
(39 24 PSI)
ADJUSTMENT SCREW
C302
Figure 8A-14. Digital/ Analog Torque Calibration
POWER PLANT
Revised:2/15/82 PA-31T2
3C21
TABLE VIIIA-IV. DIGITAL/ANALOG TORQUE

CALIBRATION DATA
TEST DIGITAL DISPLAY ANALOG

UNIT PA-31T2 MAX. DISPLAY
PSI PS501544 ERROR READOUT
0 BLANK 0
5 176 25
10 352 25
15 528 25
20 704
10
25 880
10
30 1057
35 1233 10
40 1409 15
45 1585 15
50 1761 15
55 1937 15
60 25
POWER PLANT
Revised: 2/15/82 PA-31T2
3C22
8A-98. INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE SENSING SYSTEM (ITT).
8A-99. GENERAL. The inter-turbine temperature sensing system (T5) is designed to monitor engine
operation temperatures at a point between the two turbines. The system consists of a thermocouple
assembly. trim harness and an instrument panel-mounted indicator. Refer to Table VIIIA-II for appropriate
Pratt and Whitney Maintenance Manual for detailed information.
8A-100. RESISTANCE CHECK OF INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure

8A- 15.) This check may be performed by using a Turbine Temperature Indicating System Test Set (Barfield)
2312G-8. Barfield Inst. Corp.. 4101 N.W. 29th St.. Miami. Florida 33142 or equivalent). Read complete
test set instruction manual before attempting to use the unit.
a. Check continuity and loop resistance measured across chromel and alumel terminals of terminal
block. Acceptable loop resistance is 0.5 to 1.0 ohm with the aircraft harness disconnected from the engine
terminals.
CAUTION
The thermocouples will generate a small potential which will

produce errors in the measured values if this check is made while
the engine is hot.
NOTE
If several probes are broken or damaged internally. the loop

resistance would not necessarily fall outside the allowable
tolerance. However. erroneous temperature indications could
occur because of the resultant unbalance in the harness circuit.
b. Check insulation resistance of harness at terminal block. When measured from either chromel or
alumel terminal to ground. minimum acceptable resistance is 5000 ohms. (Refer to Figure 8A-16.)
c. Check the resistance of the aircraft harness with the engine harness disconnected. and the red and
yellow wires temporarily bolted together instead of connected to the ITT indicator terminals. The value should
be approximately 7.63 ± .1 ohms.
8A-101. INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION CHECK. (Refer to 8A-17.)

a. Remove yellow and red wires from the heat probe terminal that go to the ITT gauge.
b. Connect the wires to the Barfield (2312G-8) test set or equivalent. and the Digital Multimeter.
c. Position the Barfield Instrument function switch to Indicate and the Digital Multimeter to DCV
and I position.
d. Check the ITT gauge for each temperature indication by the following:
I. While pressing the test switch and turning the calibration adjustment knob on the Barfield
instrument. obtain the proper my (millivolts) indicated on the multimeter for the appropriate temperature
given on the chart.
2. Check each temperature indication and tolerance with the appropriate m, (millivolts).
8A-102. TACHOMETER-GENERATORS (PROPELLER AND GAS GENERATOR).
8A-103. GENERAL The propeller (Np) and gas generator (Ng) tachometer-generators produce an electric
current which is proportional to gas generator and propeller speed. The electric current is monitored by
tachometer indicators mounted in the instrument panel which indicate propeller and gas generator speed.
The gas generator tachometer-generator is mounted on the backside of the accessory gearbox and rotates
counterclockwise. The propeller tachometer-generator is mounted on the right side of the reduction gearbox
case and rotates clockwise.
3C23 3C23 PA-31T2

542
1. BARFIELD METER
2. METER TERMINAL
3. CIROMEL TERMINAL (SMALL HOLE)
4. METER TERMINAL
S. ALUMEL TERMINAL (LARGE HOLE)
Figure 8A-15. T5 Thermocouple Harness Loop Resistance Check
543
1. BARFIELD METER
3. BARFIELD TERMINAL TO GROUND
4. ALUMEL TERMINAL (LARGE HOLE)
Figure 8A-16. T5 Harness Insulation Resistance Check

3C24 PA-31T2
Temperature my (Millivolts) Tolerance
1150 C - (45.6 m) - +35

-25.C
1050 C - (41.9 my) -
850 C (34.0 mv) - +10 C

750 C - (29.9 mv) - +10 C
700 C (27.9 my) - +10 C
600 C - (23.7 my) - +15 C
500 C (19.5 mv) +15 C
400 C (15.3 mv) - +25 C

300 C (11.1 mv) +25 °C
Figure 8A-17. Inter-Turbine Temperature Calibration Check
8A-104. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION.

a. Disconnect the electrical connector from the generator unit.
b. Remove the four mounting nuts at the base of the generator.
c. Pull the unit straight out and away from the mounting lugs.
NOTE
Cover the tach generator mounting pad to prevent foreign material

from entering the engine.
d. To reinstall the generator unit. place a new gasket on the mounting pad.
e. Lubricate the generator unit shaft splines with Molybdenum Disulfide, Type "G." paste form
lubrican t.
f. With the electrical socket pointing down, slide the generator into place over the mounting studs.
g- Secure the unit in place with the four mounting nuts and torque to 65 to 85 inch-pounds.
Reissued 2/6/81 POWER PLANT

3D1 PA-31T2
8A-105. ENGINE CONDITION TREND MONITORING SYSTEM. Contemporary gas turbine engine
maintenance systems frequently include inflight engine performance monitoring, as a means of detecting
mechanical deterioration in engine gas paths. A simple system requiring almost no arithmetic calculation has
been devised for PT6 Engines to aid in planning indicated rectifications early, and so reduce primary and
secondary damage costs resulting from fully developed failures, and risks of inflight shutdowns and flight
cancellations.
The Engine Condition Trend Monitoring System has been set up by Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada
Limited in order to maintain efficient engine performance. This is not a mandatory procedure, but is highly
recommended by Pratt and Whitney and Piper Aircraft Corporation. Copies of the procedure can be obtained
from Pratt and Whitney. Refer to the latest revision of Pratt and Whitney Information Letter # 15, Aircraft Gas
Turbine Operation, for more information.
8A-106. ENGINE WIRING HARNESS 500 HOUR INSPECTION. Each 500 hours, inspect the engine wiring
harness where it crosses the hot section.
a. Remove the metal heat resistant tape from the engine wiring harness where it crosses the hot
section.
b. Inspect the wiring harness for heat damage or deterioration. Repair or replace as required.
c. Reinstall metal heat resistant tape
POWER PLANT
PA-31T2 3D2 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
TABLE VIIIA-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ENGINE)
Engine fails to start. No fuel supply to engine. Check for clean fuel supply
at fire wall shutoff valve.
Air in fuel system. Perform motoring run. (Re-

fer to Paragraph 8A-57.)
Open ignition circuit. Check wiring and connec-

tions.
Defective engine driven Check for flow from pump

fuel pump. while motoring engine.
If no flow, replace pump.
Defective fuel control Check for flow from FCU
unit. outlet tube to starting
flow control while
motoring engine. If no
flow, remove FCU, check
bypass valve by applying
5 psi max. to bypass re-
turn port and check for
air leakage from FCU inlet.
If leakage is evidenced,
replace fuel control unit
and fuel pump. If no
leakage, replace only
FCU.
Defective starting flow Disconnect primary tube

control. and check for evidence of
flow while motoring engine
with start control lever
in run position. If no flow.
replace starting flow
control.
Restricted fuel Clean and check nozzles.
nozzles. (Refer to Engine Main-
tenance Manual.)
Reissued: 2/6/81
POWER PLANT
3D3 PA-31T2
TABLE VIIIA-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ENGINE) (cont.)
Engine does not idle Idle speed setting Adjust idle speed and
properly. incorrect. minimum flow as required.
(Refer to Paragraph
8A-59.)
Leak or restriction in Check all pneumatic tubes

FCU pneumatic system. and connections for
leakage.
Engine does not Leak or restriction in Check all connections

accelerate properly. fuel control pneumatic for leakage. Check for
system. dirt in Px metering
orifice. (Refer to En-
gine Maintenance Manual
for cleaning instructions.)
Defective fuel control Replace fuel control unit.

unit.
Engine does not Power control linkage Adjust linkage. (Refer to

decelerate. adjusted incorrectly. Paragraph 8A-37.)

unit.
Engine does not Faulty engine instru- Check instrument system.

develop full power. mentation. Replace or recalibrate
as necessary. If torque-
meter system defect is
established, return power
section to overhaul fa-
cility for repair.
POWER PLANT
3D4
Engine does not Control linkage adjusted Check adjustment. (Refer

develop full power incorrectly. to Paragraph 8A-38.)
(cont).
Propeller governor Adjust. (Refer to Para-
pneumatic section ad- graph 8A-27.)
justed incorrectly.
Leak or restriction in Check all tubes for re-

fuel control pneumatic strictions and connections
system. for leakage.
Engine power settings Check adjustment settings.

not adjusted correctly. (Refer to Paragraph 8A-59.)
unit.
Restricted fuel nozzles. Clean and check nozzles.

(Refer to Engine Main-
tenance Manual.)
Excessive vibration. Propeller out of balance. Replace propeller.
Compressor or compressor Return disc to an over-

turbine disc out of haul facility. (Refer to
balance. Engine Maintenance
Manual.)
Low oil pressure. Oil pressure indicating Check system and repair
system defective. as necessary.
Insufficient oil. Fill oil tank as re-
quired.
Excessive hot air leakage Replace engine.
through faulty heat
shielding.
High oil temperatures. Check cooling system.

3D5 PA-31T2
High oil temperature. Insufficient oil supply. Refill oil tank as re-
quired.
Faulty instrumentation. Check instrumentation,

repair or replace as
required.
cooler if required.
Excessive hot air leakage Replace engine.

through faulty heat
shielding.
Excessive oil con- Leakage or restriction Visually inspect all

sumption. in pressure or scavenger tubes and connections.
oil tubes. Repair as required.
Oil level too high. Maintain correct oil

level.
Defective Labyrinth Check inlet and exhaust

seals. areas for collections
of oil. If evident, re-
place engine.
Defective oil to fuel Pressure check heater.

heater (internal (Refer to Engine Main-
leakage). tenance Manual.)

3D6 PA-31T2
SECTION IX
FUEL SYSTEM
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
9-1. Introduction .......................................................................................... 3D9

9-2. Description and Principle of Operation. ............................................................ 3D9
9-3. Troubleshooting ....................................................................................... 3D9
9-4. Fuel Cells and Tanks ............................................... ............................. 14
9-5. Removal of Wing Tip Tanks............................................................. 3D14
9-6. Installation of Wing Tip Tanks ......................................................... 3D14
9-7. Removal of Wing Fuel Cells ........................................................... 3D14
9-8. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Fuel Cells .................. .......................
3D17
9-9. Fuel Cell Compartment ...................... ............................... 3D 9
9-10. Molded Nipple Fittings ........................ .......................................... 3D19
9-11. Installation of Inboard and Outboard Fuel Cell .................. .. ....................
3D19
9-12. Handling and Storage of Fuel Cells ............. ...................................... 3D21
9-13. Repair of Fuel Cells ................................ .. ............................ 3D21
9-14. Handling of Repair Materials .......... ............................................... 3D21
9-15. Repair Procedures of Goodyear Vithane Fuel Cells ......... .......................... 3D22
9-16. Repair Limitations of Fuel Cells .......................................... 3D22
9-17. Repair Patch (Heat Cure Method) .......................................... 3D24
9-18. Repair Patch (Air Cure Method) ........................ .. ....................... 3E1
9-19. Metal Fitting Sealing Surfaces. ......................................... 3E1
9-20. Accessory Replacement ................................................. 3E1
9-21. Defect Repairs of Fuel Cell ...................... .... ............................ 3E2
9-22. Testing Fuel Cells ................................ ............. .................... 3E2
9-23. Fuel Valves ............. ......... .... ......... .... ........................................ 3E3
9-24. Removal of Fuel Valves ................................................................. 3E3
9-25. Disassembly of Crossfeed Valve and Fuel Shutoff Valves ............................ 3E3
9-26. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Fuel Valve Shutoff
and Crossfeed Valves......... .. ................................. .3E3
9-27. Assembly of Fuel Shutoff and Crossfeed Valves .......... ........................... 3E4
9-28. Leak Test of Fuel Shutoff and Crossfeed Valves .................................... 3E4
9-29. Installation of Fuel Valves ......... ......... . ................... ......... 3E4
9-30. Adjustment of Fuel Shutoff and Crossfeed Valve .................................... 3E5

Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
9-31. Fuel Filter ............................................................................................. 3E5

9-32. Removal of Fuel Filter........ ......................................................... 3E5
9-33. Disassembly of Fuel Filter .................. ........................................... 3E5
9-34. Cleaning, Inspection and Repair of Fuel Filter ........................................ 3E5
9-35. Assembly of Fuel Filter ................................................................ 3E5
9-36. Installation of Fuel Filter ............................ .............................. 3E7
9-37. Removal and Installation of Heater Fuel Filter ........................................ 3E7
9-38. Removal and Installation of Submerged Fuel Pumps .............................................. 3E7
9-39. Repair of LeakingNacelle Fuel Tank ... ..................................... 3E9
9-40. Nacelle and Tip Tank Access Plate Resealing ......................................... 3E10
9-41. Fuel Gauging System ................................................................................. 3E13
9-42. Description and Principle of Operation................................................ 3E13
9-43. Removal and Installation of Sensor Units .............................................. 3E13
9-44. Repairs ................................................................................................. 3E 13
9-45. Fuel Quantity Indicator .................................................................. 3E 3
9-46. Tank Sensor Units (All) .................................................................. 3E14
9-47. Cleaning of Tank Units................................................................... 3E14
9-48. Testing ................................................................................................. 3E14
9-49. Tank Sensor Units ........................................................................ 3E16
9-50. Fuel Quantity Indicator................................................................... 3E16
9-51. Checks and Adjustments of Fuel Quantity Gauge ..................................... 3E21
9-52. Fuel Vent System ......................................................................... 3F
3D8 Revised:2/20/86
SECTION IX
FUEL SYSTEM
9-1. INTRODUCTION. This section contains instructions for repairing difficulties which may arise in the
operation of the fuel system and its related parts. The instructions are organized so the mechanic can refer to:
Description and Principle of Operation, for a basic understanding of the system; Corrective Maintenance,
for the removal, repair and installation of the various components; and a Troubleshooting Chart to facilitate
the location and repair of the different components of the fuel system.
9-2. DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. Both the left and right fuel systems are in-
dependent of each other and are connected only by a crossfeed system. Fuel is supplied to the engine by one of
two submerged fuel pumps located in the inboard main tank. One of these boost pumps must be operating
any time the engine is in operation so the fuel under pressure is supplied to the engine driven fuel pump. Vents
for the system are NACA anti-icing, non-siphoning type which incorporate flame arrestors.
The fuel system should be serviced by first filling through the nacelle tank. When this tank is full, the
complete system with exception of the tip tank (if installed) will be full. Final filling must be done through the
tip tank (if installed).
Only one fuel shutoff valve per wing is used. This valve is operated by a push-pull control on the fuel
control panel in the cockpit. The valve is used as an ON-OFF valve for the fuel system. The only other valve
in the system is the crossfeed which is also mechanically operated from the fuel control panel. This valve
should always remain OFF except under single engine operation, when crossfeed to the operating engine is
desired.
Fuel tank drains are provided at the low point of each tank, and a main fuel filter is located forward of
each engine fire wall. The filter is provided with a drain which is accessible through a door in the engine
cowling.
The aircraft is equipped with capacitance probe fuel quantity indicating system with four probes located
in each wing. All fuel cells in each wing are interconnected.
9-3. TROUBLESHOOTING. Troubles peculiar to the fuel system are listed in Table IX-V at the back of this
section along with their probable causes and suggested remedies. When troubleshooting, check from the fuel
supply to the items affected. If no trouble is found by this method, the trouble exists inside individual pieces
of equipment. They should be removed from the aircraft and overhauled or replaced with identical units
tested and known to be good. Troubleshooting the fuel quantity indicator may be found in Section X.
Instruments. The electrical system diagram for the system may be found in Section XV, Electrical System.
Reissued: 2/6/81
3D9 FUEL SYSTEM
FUEL MANIFOLD
DRAIN VALVE
Figure 9-1. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31T and PA-31T2)
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 9/23/81
3D10
NOTE
1376
LOW FUEL PRESSURE WARNING
SWITCH USED ON MODEL PA-31T
WITH SERIAL NUMBERS 31T-7820001
AND UP
LINE
VENT FLOAT VALVE
-SENDER UNIT
VALVE
Figure 9-1. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31T and PA-31T2) (cont)
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/15/82
3Dll
25110
1 DRAIN VALVE
2 FUEL MANIFOLD
3 FUEL NOZLE
4 GAS GENERATORCASE
5. START CONTROLLEVER
6 FLOW DIVIDER AND
DUMP VALVE
7 FUEL DUMP
8. POWER CONTROLLEVER
9 NF SENSE
10. FUEL CONTROLAND
SHUTOFFVALVE
11 INLET TEMPERATURE
SENSE
12. P3 SENSE
13 TEMPERATURE
COMPENSATOR 1
14 DUAL FUEL QUANTITY
GAUGE
15 FUEL PRESSUREGAUGE
16 LOW FUEL PRESSURE
WARNING SWITCH
17 FUEL PRESSURESENDER
UNIT
18 FUEL PUMP
19 HEATER
20 FUEL FLOW GAUGE
21 FUELVENT LINE
22 FUEL FLOW METER
23 FILTER DRAIN VALVE 25
24 FUEL HEATER
25 FILTER
26 PUMP
27 PRESSURERELIEFVALVE
I 28 FILTER
29 CROSSFEEDVALVE
30 SOLENOID VALVE
31 FIREWALL SHUTOFF
VALVE
32 SOLENOID VALVE
33 CANISTER
42
34 CHECKVALVE
35 CHECKVALVE
36 SUBMERGED FUEL
PUMP
37 FUEL QUANTITYSENDER UNIT
38 VAPOR BLEED LINE
39 MAIN FUEL CELL (INBD) 49 SUMP DRAIN
40 VENT (NACA) 50 MAIN FUEL CELL (OUTBD)
NON-ICING 51 FUEL QUANTITYSENDER UNIT
41 VENT FLOATVALVE 52. FUEL LINE
42 FUEL DUMP 53 SUMP DRAIN
43 SUMP DRAINVALVE 54 VENT FLOATVALVE
44 DRAIN LINE 55 TIP RELIEFLINE
45 FUEL QUANTITYSENDER UNIT 56 FILLER CAP
46 NACELLE FUEL TANK 57 TIP TANK
47 VENT VALVE 58 FUEL QUANTITYSENDER UNIT
48 FILLER CAP 59
59 TIP TANK
TIP TANK VENT LINE
VENT LINE
Figure 9-2. Fuel System Schematic (PA-31TI only)
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/15/82
3D12
1. TIP TANK ASSEMBLY

2. COVER, VENT WELL
3. CAP ASSEMBLY, FUEL FILLER
4. QUICK DISCONNECT
5. PLATE, ATTACHMENT (WING FRONT SPAR)
6. BOLT ASSEMBLY (6 REQ.)
7. PLATE. ATTACHMENT (WING MAIN SPAR)
8. SENDER
9. PLATE. ATTACHMENT (WING REAR SPAR)
TORQUEBOLT 50 TO
70 INCH-POUNDS
10. FITTING
11. WASHER
TORQUE BOLTS 20TO 12. BOSS
TORQUE BOLTS 20TO 13. STRAINER ASSEMBLY
25 INCH-POUNDS 14. LINE ASSEMBLY
15. BOSS
16. FITTING
17. GASKET
70 INCH-POUNDS
545
12
-
SKETCHA SKETCHB
Figure 9-3. Tip Tank Installation
Revised: 2/15/82 FUEL SYSTEM

3D13
94. FUEL CELLS AND TANKS.
NOTE
The nacelle tank is not removable; it is a wet type tank coated

with an anti-corrosive primer.
9-5. REMOVAL OF WING TIP TANKS. (Refer to Figure 9-3.)

a. Drain the tank.
b. Remove the fairing between wing tip and tip tank.
c. Remove the sender unit.
d. Disconnect the electrical wires to the navigation lights and strobes.
e.Disconnectall plumbing from the tip tank and cover the ends to prevent-contamination-of fuel
f. Support the tank and remove the six bolts holding the tank to the wing, thus removing the tank.
9-6. INSTALLATION OF WING TIP TANKS. (Refer to Figure 9-3.)

a. Connect the tank to the wing by installing the six bolts. Refer to Figure 9-3 for bolt torque values.
b. Connect all the plumbing to the tank.
c. Install the sender unit and connect electrical leads to navigation lights and strobes.
d. Install the fairing between the wing tip and tip tank.
9-7. REMOVAL OF WING FUEL CELLS. (Refer to Figures 9-4 and 9-5.)
a. Drain either entire system or make sure crossfeed valve is closed and either wing may be drained
separately without fuel from the opposite side draining also. (Refer to Draining Fuel System. Section II.)
b. Remove the access panel aft of the one containing the filler cap on the nacelle top.
c. Remove the fuel cell and fuel sender access plates from the top of the wing.
d. Remove the lower wing root fairing and fuel cell drain fitting plates from the underside of the
wing.
e. By reaching through the nacelle opening, remove the bolts from the three flange connections on
the nacelle floor that connect the main inboard and outboard fuel cells to the nacelle tank.
f. Disconnect the wires from the fuel cell sender units; remove the screws that secure the sender and
carefully draw the sender, with gasket from the cell. Note the position of the installed sender unit and
gaskets to facilitate reinstallation.
g. By reaching into each fuel cell. remove the clamps from the two nipples in each tank that
connect the two crossover tubes between the two fuel cells and pull each tube out of the cells. The tubes
may be removed from the wing by disconnecting the ground strap from the spar.
h. Loosen the clamps and disconnect the fuel lines that attach to the outboard ends of both cells
and also the one line that attaches to the inboard end of the main outboard fuel cell.
i. On the underside of the wing, draw the two fuel cell drains down enough to release the clamps
and remove the drain.
j. Disconnect the electrical connections and fuel lines to the submerged fuel pumps: remove the
check valves, and disconnect the fuel line that connects to the cell just aft of the pump by loosening the
clamp.
NOTE
Use a wrench to backup the electrical connection on the

submerged fuel pumps to prevent the nylon fitting from turning.
which could cause the internal wire connection to break and
render the pump inoperative.

3D14
1377 547
1 SUBMERGED FUEL PUMP

2 FUEL CELL
3 CHECK VALVE
4 COVER, FUEL SENDER
5 FUEL SENDER
6 GASKET
7 ACCESS. COVER
8 SCREW ASSEMBLY. FLAPPER VALVE ATTACHMENT
9. FLAPPER VALVE
20 7
SKETCH A
17
12
15
10 TIE KNOTS
11 WING SKIN
12 CORD
13 RIB ASSEMBLY
18
14 LOOP ATTACHMENT
15 LINER, FUEL CELL
16 BUSHING. SNAP
17 KNOT AND WASHER
18 LINE ASSEMBLY (TO TIP TANK)
19 LINE ASSEMBLY (TO TIP TANK)
20 COVER. FUEL CELL
21 PLATE. CELL ATTACHMENT
Figure 9-4. Fuel Cell Installation Inboard

3D15
C736 NOTE C737
5
4
2
SKETCH A SKETCH B
SKETCH B
SEE NOTE —
INBOARD
SEE NOTE
15
1 FUEL CELL
2 CELL NUT FLANGE
3 PLATE CELL ATTACHMENT
4 GASKET
5 COVER. FUEL CELL
6 OUTER SKIN
7 INNER SKIN
8 DOUBLER
9 SKIN 5
10 ACCESS COVER 1
11 SCREW
12 SCREW SKETCH F
13 GASKET NOTE
14 FUEL SENDER TIGHTEN BOLTS TO 25 5 INCH
15 PLATE FUEL FILL CONNECTOR OUTBOARD POUNDS TORQUE
Figure 9-4a. Fuel Cell Attaching Hardware
Added: 4/25/83 FUEL SYSTEM
3D16
k. Loosen the eight mounting bolts that attach the two submerged fuel pumps to the wing rib; reach
through the access hole just above the pumps and remove them.
1. Reach through the proper access holes for each fuel cell and untie the nylon cords that secure the
cell.
m. Remove all the cap bolts at all the access holes that attach the cells to the skin brackets. Push the
cell down and work the nylon cord back through the cell hangers and rib bushings to the ends of the cell
compartment.
n. Remove the screws that attach the adapter brackets to the wing skin in each of the elongated
access holes and remove the brackets from the holes.
o. Place tape or another protective material around the cell access opening to prevent damage to the
cell when removing.
p. Fold the cell neatly within the wing and tape or tie it, whichever suits, and remove it gently
through the elongated opening on top the wing.
NOTE
Be careful not to damage the small flapper valve installed in the

interior baffle close to the fuel pump mounting locations.
9-8. CLEANING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF FUEL CELLS.

a. Fuel cells may be cleaned by the following procedure:
1. New Cells: It should not be necessary to clean new cells upon removing them from their
containers. if they are installed in the airframe cavities promptly. If for any reason the cells are not installed
immediately, and become dirty, they should be cleaned with soap and warm water to remove foreign
material prior to installation in a clean cavity.
2. Used Cells Prior to removal, the cells are to be drained of fuel, purged with fresh air and
swabbed out to remove all traces of fuel. Following removal, the cells are to be cleaned inside and out with
soap and warm water.
WARNING
Use a vapor-proof light for inspection.
b. Fuel cells may be inspected by the following procedure:

1. New Cells: Inspect the cell surface inside and outside for cuts, abraded (scuffed) areas and
accessory damage. Also, inspect the fitting seals for nicks, scratches and foreign material.
2. Used Cells: Cells removed from the airframe cavity for inspection and repair, or cells being
returned to service, should be inspected for cuts. abraded (scuffed) areas and accessory damage on the
inside and outside of the cell surface. Reach through the fuel cell access plate and take a section of cell
between the thumb and forefinger. Wipe the ridge created by this action with a cloth wet with
Methylethylketone. If fine cracks are evident, the fuel cell is not repairable and must be replaced.
3 Baffled Fuel Cells: Inspect every 2 years or after 500 hours in service which ever comes first.
conduct the following inspection:
(a) Defuel both main cells. (Refer to Section II.)
(b) Remove the access plates located inboard of the nacelle. Remove both wing and fuel
cell access plates.
(c) Inspect fuel cell fittings for deterioration of the rubber used. using the fingernail to
attempt to scrape the rubber off the metal or nipple fitting. If the rubber has not
deteriorated the fingernail will glide across the rubber. If a degraded condition exists
the fingernail will dig into the rubber. Usually the deteriorated rubber will have
changed from a light yellowish tan to a dark reddish brown color.
Reissued: 2/6/81 FUEL SYSTEM

3D17
(d) Check the tension and knots of the two nylon support cords.
(e) Inspect the interior of the cell for security of baffle and the free operation of the
flapper valve. Inspect both sides of the baffle.
(f) Inspect the exterior of the cells to insure the Velcro tape has not parted from the cell
surface or liner surfaces.
(g) Install all access plates on fuel cells and wings. Fill cells and check for leaks.
c. Due to the length of the fuel cell repair procedures.the information will be found in Paragraph
9-16.
4. Fuel Cell Filler Cap: Inspect large o-ring with a 10x magnifying glass for cuts or cracks.
Replace o-ring if any damage is found. If o-ring is sound, adjust cap per steps a thru d.
(a) Unlock and remove cap from adapter plate.
(b) Tighten /4-28self locking nut at base of cap turn (If castle nut is used in lieu of self
locking nut remove chain assembly, adjust nut turn and replace chain assembly).
(c) Lock cap into adapter plate in top of fuel cell.
(d) If cap continues to leak replace cap and return defective cap to manufacturer for repair.
1 COVER ASSEMBLY ACCESS

2 FUEL CELL
3 WING SKIN
4 KNOT AND WASHER
5 TIE KNOTS
6 RIB ASSEMBLY
7 LOOP ATTACHMENT
8 CORD
9 LINER ASSEMBLY 11
10 BUSHING. SNAP 14 CELL, NUT FLANGE
11 LINE ASSEMBLY (TO TIP TANK) 15 PLATE. FILL CONNECTOR 11
12 FUEL SENDER 16 PLATE, CELL ATTACHMENT
13 GASKET 17 COVER. FUEL CELL
Figure 9-5. Fuel Cell Installation Outboard
Revised: 4/25/83 3 18 FUEL SYSTEM

3 D18
9-9. FUEL CELL COMPARTMENT.

a. Thoroughly clear the cell compartment of all foreign material such as trimmings, loose washers.
bolts or nuts.
b. Round off any sharp edges in the fuel cell compartment.
c. Inspect the fuel cell compartment just prior to fuel cell installation.
d. Tape over all sharp edges and all rough rivets.
NOTE
If replacement fuel cell does not include alternate fuel sender

location opening at station 137.50, it will be necessary to tape
over the bottom of fuel sender support bracket. Use a pressure
sensitive adhesive waterproof type tape.
9-10. MOLDED NIPPLE FITTINGS. In order to get the best service from this type fitting, it is necessary
to exercise certain precautions at the time of installation. The specific precautions other than the general
care in handling are as follows:
a. Insert each fuel line into each nipple until the end is flush with the inside edge of the cell.
b. The hose clamp must be clear of the end of the fitting by .25 inch where possible.
c. Locate the hose clamp on the fabric-reinforced area of the nipple.
d. Torque the hose clamps 15 to 20 inch-pounds. Do this once. Do not retighten unless the hose clamp
is loosened completely and allow to set for 15 minutes before retightening.
e. Do not use sealing paste or gasket compound.
f. Apply a thin film of Simonize Wax to metal tubes to facilitate installation and removal.
9-11. INSTALLATION OF INBOARD AND OUTBOARD FUEL CELL. (Refer to Figures 9-4 and 9-5.)
a. Inspect the cell compartment (See Paragraph 9-9.)
b. Should the cell be in its shipping container, do not remove it until ready for installation.
c. Check to be sure the cell is warm enough to flex. Do not use sharp tools such as screwdrivers.
files, etc.. for installation purposes.
d. Place tape or another protective material over the edges of the elongated access opening to
prevent damage to the cell.
e. Roll the cell into the shape and size which can be inserted through the access opening of the cell.
f. After fitting the cell into the wing, unroll the cell and establish correct relationship of the cell to
the compartment.
g. From each end of the cell compartment, feed the cord through the cell hangers and rib bushings
until the cords can be joined at the access openings. Do not tie cord yet. The cords are routed as shown in
Figures 9-4 and 9-5.
NOTE
The nylon cord used to hold the fuel cells is . 125 diameter, with a
minimum breaking strength of 550 pounds and conforming to
MIL-T-5040C Type III specifications. Obtain through Goodyear.
h. Connect the fuel drain plate by inserting the threaded end of a bolt or rod (not under three
inches long) up through the plate and nipple fitting of the fuel cell. (Refer to Figure 9-6.) Reach through
the fuel cell opening and install a 2 or 2-1/2 inch diameter washer on the bolt or rod and secure with a nut.
Pull the nipple down through the opening in the wing panel enough to clamp the nipple fitting to the plate.
i. Remove the bolt or rod; secure the plate to the wing panel and install the drain valve.
j. Install the submerged fuel pumps, through the access opening in the wing top, and secure to the
inboard rib with the four bolts that attach each of the pumps.
3D19
Figure 9-6. Fuel Valve Drain Plate

k. Connect the electrical wires to the submerged fuel pumps and install the check valves into the
fuel pumps and connect the fuel lines to the check valves.
1. Install the fuel cell flange mounting brackets in the elongated access holes with screws.
m. Wipe the inside of the cell clean of all dirt and foreign material with a clean, soft, lint-free tack
cloth, and inspect for cleanliness.
n. Attach the fuel cell nut flange fittings to the brackets on the nacelle tank floor by reaching
through a nearby access hole and holding the cell and gasket up against the attachment bracket and
inserting several bolts, or by inserting a threaded rod or bolt through a hole in the bracket down into the
corresponding hole in the cell nut flange fitting and pull the cell up against the bracket in the nacelle floor
and install several cap bolts to hold the fuel cell until the rod is removed; then install all cap bolts and
torque to 35 5 inch-pounds.
o. Connect the fuel lines that attach to the outboard ends of the fuel cells, and the drain line that
runs from the inboard end of the main outboard fuel cell to the inboard end of the main inboard cell.
p. Connect the two crossover tubes between the main inboard and outboard fuel cells by inserting the
tubes into the nipples in each cell and install clamps from inside the cell. Torque the clamps 25 to 30 inch-
pounds. (Refer to Paragraph 9-10.) Make sure the ground strap on the crossover tubes is attached to the spar.
q. Install fuel senders, gaskets (one on each side of the bracket) and screws. Tighten nylon screws to
5 +2, -0 inch-pounds.
r. Connect the sender wires and insure that the insulator sleeve insulates to the point where the
wires attach to the sender. Install sender access plates.
s. Draw the nylon tie cords tight and hold. Ascertain the cell is in correct position in the cell
compartment. Again draw the cord tight, hold with clamp or pliers and tie. A recommended tie is shown in
Figure 9-13.
t. Install the remaining cell cover access plates on top of the wing. Torque the cell cover cap bolts
to 35 + 5 inch-pounds.
u. Put enough fuel in cell to check for fitting leaks.
v. Install remaining access plates, lower wing root fairing and nacelle top panel.
Reissued: 2/6/81 3D20 FUEL SYSTEM

3D20
9-12. HANDLING AND STORAGE OF FUEL CELLS.

a. Prevent needless damage by exercising common sense in all handling of the cells. Folding or
collapsing of cells is necessary to place them in containers for storage, to install them in airframe cavities and to
carry them from place to place. Protect the fitting seal surface from contact with cavities during removal or
installation. Use protective covers over fitting seal when practical. Protect the cell from tools, hot lights, etc.,
when working around them. Avoid stepping on folds or creases in cells. Do not carry cells by fittings. Maintain
original cell contours or folds when refolding for boxing, rolling to insert in airframe cavities, or handling in
the repair area. The cells to be repaired should be placed on a well-lighted table. Maintain natural contours, if
possible, while repairing. Prevent contact with sharp edges, corners, dirty floors or other surfaces. Repair area
must be well-ventilated. Do not stack cells. Inspect cavities and insure cleanliness prior to installing any cell.
WARNING
Do not permit smoking or open flame near repair area of cells.
b. When storing cells, observe the following rules:

1. Fold cells smoothly and as lightly as possible with a minimum number of folds. Place
protective wadding between folds.
2. Wrap the cell in moisture-proof paper and place it in a suitable container. Do not crowd the
cell in the container; use wadding to prevent movement.
3. Stack boxed cells to allow access to oldest cells first. Do not allow stacks to crush bottom
boxes. Leave cells in boxes until used.
4. Storage area must be dry, 70° F, and free of exposure to sunlight, dirt and damage
5. Used cells must be cleaned with soap and warm water prior to storage. Dry and box as outlined
above.
9-13. REPAIR OF FUEL CELLS. The following is the repair procedure recommended for field repair of
fuel cells constructed of Goodyear BTC-54A material. There are two methods by which these repairs may be
accomplished. One method is by heat cure: the other is air cure. The end result of either repair is a neat,
permanent repair. The heat repair allows the cell to be cured and ready for reinstallation in two hours: while
the air cure method requires that the cell not be moved for 72 hours during the air cure period.
NOTE
Air cure repairs are to be made at a room temperature of

approximately 75°F. For each 10° drop in temperature, add 25
percent cure time, for instance, if the room temperature reads 6 4° ,
air cure for 90 hours instead of 72 hours.
9-14. HANDLING OF REPAIR MATERIALS.

a. All materials are to be protected from dirt contamination, sunlight, and excessive heat or cold while
in storage. Containers are to be tightly capped and stored between + F to 85 ° F temperature.
b. The repair code 80C27 referred to in this text is prepared immediately prior to use by mixing repair
cement 80C27 (pint can with 320gm) with cross-linker 80C28 (2 oz. bottle with 81cc).
CAUTION
80C27 repair cement requires thorough mixing to obtain full

adhesive values.
c. Repair cement has a pot life of 20 minutes after mixing. The unmixed 80C27 and 80C28 have a shelf
life of six months from the date of packaging.
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised:2/20/86
3D21
CAUTION
All containers for cements and solvents should be properly

identified.
9-15. REPAIR PROCEDURES OF GOODYEAR VITHANE FUEL CELLS.
NOTE
The repair of Goodyear Vithane fuel cells is restricted to authorized

personnel. Authorized personnel are those who have been certified
and trained by Goodyear representatives, or those who have
receivedtheir trainingfrompersons whohave been certified and
trained by Goodyear representatives.
9-16. REPAIR LIMITATIONS OF FUEL CELLS. Repair limitations are as follows:

a. FT-192 repair fabric is for repair of simple contours only. Patches referred to in this text are of this
material.
b. Inside patches are to lap defect edges a minimum of 1.0 inches in each direction.
c. Outside patches are to lap defect edges .25 to .50 inches inside patches.
d. Outside patches are to be applied and cured prior to applying an inside patch.
e. Blisters between inner liner and fabric larger than .25 of an inch in diameter require an outside and
an inside patch.
f. Separations between layers or plies larger than .50 inch in diameter require an outside and inside
patch. Holes and punctures require an outside and inside patch.
g. Slits or tears up to 6.0 inches maximum length require an outside and inside patch.
h. External abraded or scuffed areas without fabric damage require an outside patch only.
i. A loose edge may be trimmed provided a .50 inch minimum lap or seam is maintained.
j. Air cure repair patches are to remain clamped and undisturbed for 72 hours at a room temperature
of approximately 75° F.
CAUTION
For each 10° drop in temperature from 75° F, add 20 hours cure
time. For example: at 65° F, cure for 92 hours.
k. All heat cured patches are ready for use when cool.
1. Fitting repairs are confined to loose flange edges, seal surface rework and coat stock.
m. The maximum number of heat cure repairs in the same area is four.
NOTE
Any damage not covered by the above should be returned to: The
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Rockmart Georgia 30153, for
repair.
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised:2/20/86
3D22
CHART 9-1
FUEL CELL REPAIR EQUIPMENT LISTS
Repair Kit, Goodyear Part No. 2F1-3-37813
GROUP I MATERIALS
80C27 Repair Cement 8 Pint cans 320 gms in each

80C28 Cross-Linker 8 14 oz bottles 81 cc in each
Methylethylketone 2 pint cans
FT-192 Repair Fabric 2 Sheet 12 x 12"
AP368 Manual
GROUP II MATERIALS
The following equipment is necessary to perform the repair.
Group II equipment will be furnished at additional cost. if ordered

by customer.
Foam Rubber Cloth Back Sheet, 1 4" x 12" x 12"

Paint Brush, I inch wide
Aluminum Plates. 14" x 6" x 6" 4
Measuring Cup (250 ml)
Cellophane (Sheet 12' x 24")
NOTES
Accessories - order per individual cell requirements.
Phenol plates, phenol plate assemblies and phenol test equipment

can be ordered as required from cell manufacturer.
Alodine 1200 to be ordered as required from cell manufacturer.
Cure Iron (Set 240° F) Optional.
Revised:2/20/86 FUEL SYSTEM

3D23
9-17. REPAIR PATCH (HEAT CURE METHOD).

a. Prepare the exterior cell wall and exterior patch first. Cut a repair patch from FT-192 material to
the size required to insure a proper lap over the injury in all directions. (See Limitations.) (Hold shears at an
angle to produce a beveled edge (feather) on the patch.) Round corners of patch. (Dull side or gum contact
face of repair patch should be the largest surface after beveling.)
b. Wash one square foot of cell wall surrounding the injury, and the repair patch contact side with a
clean cloth soaked with Methylethylketone solvent.
c. Abrade cell wall surface about the injury and on the contact side of patch with fine emery cloth
to remove the shine.
d. Repeat Methylethylketone washings two more times, for a total of three washings for each
surface.
e. Tape a 8" x 8" piece of cellophane inside the cell over the injury.
f. When all the above preparatory work has been done and the cell has been positioned for patch
application on the repair table, mix the 80C27 cement (320 gms) with the cross-linker 80C28 (81cc). and
stir mixture thoroughly. for five minutes.
NOTE
Cement must be at a minimum of 70 F before mixing. Keep away

from water and excessive heat.
g. Brush one even coat of mixed repair cement on the cell wall around the injury and on the contact
side of the repair patch. Allow to dry for fifteen minutes.
h. Repeat a second mixing of repair cement and brush a second coat.
CAUTION
Do not use the first can of mixed cement for this coat.
i. Allow cement to dry approximately five minutes. and then center patch over injury Lay the
repair patch by rolling it down on surface from center to edge without trapping air. Hold the unrolled
portion of the repair patch off the cemented surface until roller contact insures an air-free union. At this
time, the repair patch may be moved by hand on the wet surface to improve lap. Do not lift the repair
patch, slide it.
CAUTION
Make sure the cellophane inside cell over the injury remains in
place, as any cement will stick cell walls together without it as a
separator.
j. Cover one smooth surface each of two aluminum plates (plates must be larger than patch). with
fabric-backed airfoam, fabric side out. Tape airfoam in place. Foam must cover edges of the plate for
protection. Use a cellophane separator to prevent the cement from sticking in the wrong place.
k. Fold the cell adjacent to the patch and place prepared plates one over repair patch and one on
opposite side.
1. Center a repair iron 2F1-3-25721-1 on the plate over the repair patch. Secure the assembly with a
"C" clamp. Tighten by hand. Check cement flow to determine pressure.
3D24
CAUTION
Make sure that the cell fold is not clamped between plates. This
would cause a hard permanent crease. Also make sure that the
patch does not move when clamp is tightened.
m. Connect the repair iron into 110-volt current and cure the repair for two hours. After two hours
cure, unplug repair iron and allow it to cool to touch. Then remove the "C" clamp. Wet the cellophane to
remove it from the repair.
n. The inside patch is applied the same as the above procedure except for size of the repair patch (see
Limitations), after the outside patch has been cured.
CAUTION
Success of applying both an outside and inside repair patch

simultaneously is doubtful and not recommended.
9-18. REPAIR PATCH (AIR CURE METHOD). Follow the procedure for the heat cure method, except
omit repair iron, and cure each patch per air limitations (minimum 72 hours), undisturbed at 75° F.
9-19. METAL FITTING - SEALING SURFACES.

a. Rub off roughness of the affected area with a fine file or fine emery cloth. Treat the reworked
area.
b. Clean metal surface using a clean cloth dipped in Methylethylketone. Moisten the cleaned surface
with clean cloth dipped in water. Apply alodine 1200 solution, undiluted, to the affected area with a small
nylon brush. Allow the solution to dry until a light golden color appears. When a coating has been formed.
remove the excess solution by wiping with a clean water moistened cloth. Allow coating to dry
WARNING
Do not allow solution to come in contact with hands, eyes or

clothing.
9-20. ACCESSORY REPLACEMENT.

a. Obtain a cured repair accessory from the cell manufacturer.
b. Mark location of old accessory and preserve markings for guide lines to locate the new part.
c. Remove the old accessory by gradually loosening an edge with' a blunt probe-like instrument.
d. When a loose edge is created, grasp the accessory by the loose edge with pliers and gently peel the
accessory off the cell wall. Be careful not to pull the cell lap open while peeling accessory off. Pull from the
blind side of a cell lap toward the exposed edge.
e. Buff the cell surface under the accessory with emery cloth to smooth roughness and prepare for
cement.
NOTE
Removal of the old accessory will probably leave an uneven cavity

and surface.
f. Prepare the replacement accessory by buffing and washing the contact surface. Also wash the cell
surface (see repair patch).
3E1
g. Apply mixed 80C27 repair cement to both surfaces being sure to level the cavity left by the
removal of the old accessory.
h. Roll the new accessory into place as with a repair patch and place suitable padded plates in
position to insure adequate pressure when clamped. Use a cellophane separator to prevent the cement from
sticking in the wrong place.
i. Cure with either cure method.
9-21. DEFECT REPAIRS OF FUEL CELL.
a. Blisters: Remove loose material by trimming. Apply an outside and inside repair patch.
b. Holes, Punctures, Cuts, Tears and Deep Abraded Areas: Trim away any ragged material and
apply an outside and inside repair patch.
c. Loose Seams: Buff loose edges and contact surfaces with emery cloth. Wash three times with
-Methylethylketone Apply 80C27-mixed-cement in two coats as with a repair patch.Clamp and cure.Either
method may be used. (See repair patch.) Loose seams may be trimmed if a minimum lap remains.
d. Loose Fitting Flange - Inside: Buff the edge of the flange and the contact surface under the
flange. Apply 80C27 mixed repair cement, cellophane, padded plates and clamp. Follow procedure as
outlined for repair patch.
e. Looseness Against Metal: Prepare metal as per metal fitting - sealing surfaces. Apply 80C27
mixed cement and cure.
9-22. TESTING FUEL CELLS. Either of the following procedures may be used to detect leaks in the
bladder cells:
a. Soap Suds Test:
1. Attach test plates to all fittings.
2. Inflate the cell with air to a pressure of 1/4 psi MAXIMUM.
3. Apply a soap and water solution to all repaired areas suspected of leakage. Bubbles will
appear at any point where leakage occurs.
4. After testing, remove all plates and wipe soap residue from the exterior of the cell.
b. Chemical Test:
1. Attach test plates to all fitting openings except one.
2. Make up a Phenolphthalein solution as follows: Add 40 grams Phenolphthalein crystals in
1/2 gallon of Ethyl Alcohol, mix; then add 1/2 gallon of water.
3. Pour ammonia on an absorbent cloth in the ratio of 3 ml per cubic foot of cell capacity.
Place a saturated cloth inside the cell and install the remaining test plate.
4. Inflate the cell with air to a pressure of 1/4 psi maximum, cap and maintain pressure for
fifteen minutes.
5. Soak a large white cloth in the phenolphthalein solution, wring it out thoroughly, and
spread it smoothly on the outer surface of the cell. Press the cloth down to insure detection of minute
leaks.
6. Check the cloth for red spots which will indicate a leak. Mark any leaks found and move the
cloth to a new location. Repeat this procedure until the entire exterior surface of the cell has been covered.
If red spots appear on the cloth, they may be removed by resoaking the cloth in the solution.
7. The solution and test cloth are satisfactory only as long as they remain clean. Indicator
solution that is not in immediate use should be stored in a closed rust proof container to prevent
evaporation and deterioration.
After the test, remove all plates and test equipment. Allow the cell to air out.
In conducting either test outlined above, the cell need not be confined by a cage or jig, providing the
1/4 psi pressure is not exceeded.
NOTE
The chemical test is the more sensitive and preferred test.
3E2
9-2 3. FUEL VALVES.(Refer to Figures 9-7 and 9-8.)
9-24. REMOVAL OF FUEL VALVES. There are two fuel shutoff valves and one crossfeed valve. The fuel
shutoff valves are located in the wing root cavity just aft of the leading edge of each wing. The crossfeed
valve is located in the wing root cavity. also, just ahead of the main spar on the left side of the aircraft.
a. To remove either of the fuel shutoff valves, make sure the crossfeed valve is in the OFF position.
b. Drain all the fuel from the wing. which the valve is to be removed.
c. Remove the lower wing root fairing for the particular wing.
d. Locate the shutoff valve and disconnect the fuel lines from each end of the valve and also remove the
nut and or screw that attaches the control cable to the actuator arm.
e. Remove screws from the mounting clamps and remove the valve.
f To remove the crossfeed valve in the left-hand wing gap cavity, the same basic procedure is followed
except that all fuel needs to be drained.
g. Disconnect the fuel line from the aft end of the valve and control cable from the actuator arm on
the valve.
h. Disconnect the valve from the mounting bracket and unscrew and remove the valve from the
cross fitting.
9-25. DISASSEMBLY OF CROSSFEED VALVE AND FUEL SHUTOFF VALVE. (Refer to Figures 9-7
and 9- 8.)
a Crossfeed Valve:
1. Remove the clamp (2) on top of the valve
2. Remove the snap ring (4) on the bottom of the valve.
3. Push the valve (8) from the valve body.
4 Remove and discard the O-rings (5)
b Fuel Shutoff Valve
1. Remove the two clamps (2)
2. Remove the snap ring (4) on the bottom of the valve.
3 Push the valve (8) from the valve body (3).
4. Remove and discard the O-rings (5).
9-26. CLEANING. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF FUEL SHUTOFF VALVE AND CROSSFEED
VALVE.
a. Clean the valve components in a suitable cleaning solvent.
b. Inspect the salve for the following:
1 Check that the valve and valve body stop pins are not bent. broken or missing.
2. Check that the handle is not loose.
3. Check that the valve and inside of the valve body is free of scratches. burrs. etc.. that may
damage the O-rings
c. Repair to the valve is limited to the reconditioning of parts such as smoothing out minor nicks
and scratches and replacing O-rings.
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/20/86 3E3
Figure 9-8. Fuel Shutoff Valve
9-27 ASSEMBLY OF FUEL SHUTOFF AND CROSSFEED VALVE. (Refer to Figures 9-7. and 9-8.)
a. Ascertain that the snap ring (4) is installed on the upper portion of the valve (8).
b Place new O-rings (5) on the valve
c. Lubricate the O-rings with DC-55 (MIL-G-4343) and insert° the valve (8) in the valve body (3).
Place the valve in the valve body so that the valve is allowed only 90 travel between stops.
d. Lock the valve in the valve body by installing the snap ring (4) on the valve
e. For the fuel shutoff valve, install the two clamps. For the crossfeed valve. install one clamp
9-28. LEAK TEST OF FUEL SHUTOFF AND CROSSFEED VALVE.

a. Connect the inlet port of the valve to a 50 psi air source
b. Close the valve and apply air pressure up to a 50 psi and submerge the valve in kerosene or a similar
petroleum base fluid for two minutes.
c. There should be no evidence of leakage through the valve port or around the seat
d. Disconnect the air source and wipe fluid from the exterior of the valve.
9-29. INSTALLATION OF FUEL VALVES.

a. Place the valve in its proper position and secure it to its mounting bracket or with attachment
clamps whichever valve is being installed.
b. Connect the proper fuel lines to the valve and also connect the control cable to the actuator arm
with the attaching hardware. (Refer to Paragraph 9-30.)
c. Put enough fuel in tank, if not already there. and check valve end fittings for leaks
d. Install lower wing root fairing
3E4
9-30. ADJUSTMENT OF FUEL SHUTOFF AND CROSSFEED VALVE.

a. Remove the lower wing root fairing on the particular side that the valve adjustment is to be made
b. Disconnect the control cable at the actuator arm on the particular valve and loosen the jam nut at
the clevis fitting.
c. Place the shutoff valve actuator arm firmly against the CLOSED position stop pin. Place the
appropriate cockpit control lever against its OFF stop position: then carefully move .06 inches off the stop.
d. Carefully align the clevis hole or ball joint with mating hole in the actuator arm of the valve, turning
the clevis or ball joint either way if necessary to align with the hole in the arm (ball joint thread engagement
must be .25). then secure with attaching hardware.
e. Work the particular control several times to make sure the actuator arm on the valve contacts the
stop pin before the control lever in the cockpit contacts its stop.
9-31. FUEL FILTER. (Refer to Figure 9-9.)
NOTE
Refer to List of Vendor Publications. Section II for appropriate

Pratt and Whitney Engine Maintenance Manual for information
regarding engine-driven rotary fuel pump filter and screen
replacement.
9-32. REMOVAL OF FUEL FILTER.

a Close the fuel shutoff valve.
b. Remove top engine cowl.
c. Disconnect the two main fuel lines from the top of the filter unit along with the elbow fitting in the
outlet port of the unit. Disconnect the drain line from the bottom of the filter unit.
d. Remove the fuel bowl drain valve actuator handle from the clamp on the bowl assembly by
removing the attachment screw and nut.
e Remove the safety wire from the three mounting bolts that attach the filter unit to the bracket:
remove the bolts. then remove the filter unit
9-33 DISASSEMBLY OF FUEL FILTER.

a. Unscrew the bowl assembly from the head assembly by use of a strap wrench and remove the O-ring
seal.
b. Pull the filter element from the head assembly.
9-34. CLEANING. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF FUEL FILTER.

a. Clean the element with an oil solvent.
b. Inspect the filter element for damage
c. Check condition of O-rings
d. Normal repairs necessary for the filter are: replacement of O-rings and the filter element
9-35. ASSEMBLY OF FUEL FILTER.

a. Install O-ring on element: then install element on head assembly
b. Install O-ring in head assembly: then screw the bowl assembly into the head and torque to 13 3
foot-pounds
Revised:2/20/86 3E5 FUEL SYSTEM

3E5
1379
1. FUEL LINE
2. HEAD ASSEMBLY
3. O-RING
4. FIRE WALL
5. FILTER ELEMENT
6. O-RING
7. BOWL ASSEMBLY
S. FUEL DRAIN LEVER
9. DRAIN TUBE
10. DRAIN. FILTER
11. CLAMP
Figure 9-9. Fuel Filter
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/20/86
3E6
9- 36. INSTALLATION OF FUEL FILTER.

a. Position the filter housing in its proper location with respect to its mounting bracket and secure
with the three cap bolts and safety.
b. Install the elbow fitting in the outlet port of the filter housing; then connect the two main fuel
lines to their respective fittings.
c. If the fuel bowl quick drain actuator handle was removed, attach it to the mounting clamp on the
filter bowl with screw, washer and nut.
d. Connect the filter bowl drain hose to the fitting on the bottom of the bowl.
e. Turn the fire wall fuel valve ON and depress the fuel filter bowl drain valve until a steady flow of
fuel is noted. Release handle and check for leaks where the filter bowl assembly screws into the head
assembly and also where the two main fuel lines and the filter bowl drain line attach to the filter housing.
NOTE
Fuel cells must be 90% full to get fuel flow from filter.
f. Install top engine cowl.
9- 37. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF HEATER FUEL FILTER.

a. Ascertain heater fuel switch is in the OFF position.
b. Remove the copilot's seat and rug on right forward section of cockpit floor.
c. Remove access panel underneath copilot's seat.
d. Disconnect clamp from filter.
e. Disconnect the filter at the line connector fittings and remove the filter.
f. Disassemble filter and inspect filter element for contamination; then reassemble filter.
NOTE
Inspect filter first 100 hours of operation and then every detailed
inspection. Change filter at least every 500 hours.
g. Install filter assembly and secure connector fittings.
h. Install clamp.
i. Check heater for operation.
j. Install access panel and secure rug.
k. Install copilot's seat.
9- 38. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF SUBMERGED FUEL PUMPS. (Refer to Figure 9- 10.)
a. Drain either the entire system or make sure the crossfeed valve is in the OFF position and either
wing may be drained separately without fuel from the opposite side draining also. (Refer to Draining Fuel
System, Section II.)
b. Remove the lower wing root fairing from the under side of the wing of which the pump or pumps
are to be removed.
c. Remove the access plate on top of the wing just ahead of the main spar and next to the fuselage.
This will expose the fuel cell cover plate which must be removed also to obtain access to the fuel pumps.
d. In the wing root cavity disconnect the electrical connections, fuel and drain lines from the pump
or pumps. Drain line on Lear Siegler fuel pump only.
3E7
1. SUBMERGED FUEL PUMP 1. SUBMERGEDD FUEL PUMP

PUMP
2. FUEL CELL 2. FUEL CEL .L
3. DRAIN LINE 3. NYLON CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY
CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY
4. CHECK VALVE 4. CHECK VALVE
VALVE
LEAR SIEGLER AIRBORNE
Figure 9- 1 0. Submerged Fuel Boost Pump
CAUTION
The use of a wrench to backup the electrical connection on the

airborne fuel pump is recommended to prevent the nylon
connector assembly from turning at the pump and destroying the
electrical connection within. Care should also be used when
removing the fuel line from the check valve and check valve from
the pump, so as not to disassemble the check valve.
e. While holding the pump through the cell access opening in the top of the wing, have an assistant
remove the four pump mounting bolts in the wing root cavity; then pull the pump up and out of the fuel
cell. Either pump is removed in this manner.
f. Installation of either fuel pump is accomplished by first installing a new gasket on the fuel pump
mounting boss; then insert the pump into the cell and hold it in place while an assistant attaches it to the
wing butt rib with the four mounting bolts.
NOTE
If replacement pumps are Lear Siegler, determine the existence of

drain lines in the wing fillet. If no drains exist, obtain PiperKit No.
761 025 for parts and instruction required to install the Lear
Siegler pumps. Airborne fuel pumps do not require drain lines.
3E8
g. Reconnect the electrical connections, fuel and drain lines and check valves to their respective
positions
h. Install the fuel cell cover plate and access plate on top of the wing. Fill fuel cell through nacelle
filler just enough to check for leaks by observing all connections in the wing root cavity.
i. Install the lower wing root fairing.
9-39. REPAIR OF LEAKING NACELLE FUEL TANK. The following procedure should be used for
repairing leaks in the nacelle fuel tank. The use of the specified material will allow the least amount of
aircraft down time to make the repair
LIST OF MATERIALS
Sealant Material - PR-1435

(Products Research and Chemical Corp.)
PRC Coating and Sealants Division
5426-T San Fernando Rd.
Glendale. CA 91203 (213) 240-2060
Solvent - Methvlethylketone (M.E.K.)
Alodine Solution 1200
Small nylon brush
Clean white gauze pads (4 inch squares)
Fillet fairing tools (Refer to Section IV)
PR-1435 is a two-part polysulfide sealant which when mixed has a short application life (15 minutes at
70°F and 50% relative humidity). for every 10°F in temperature the time is reduced by half. and for
every 10° F drop in temperature the time is doubled. High humidity at time of mixing also shortens the
application life
This sealant will cure to an acceptable hardness in approximately 24 hours at 75 F and 50% relative
humidity. Cure may be hastened by applying heat up to 130° F.
NOTE
Nacelle fuel tanks may be filled with fuel one hour after
application of the sealant. The cure does not depend upon
exposure to air or elevated temperatures. and therefore. will take
place even under fue.. without affecting the sealing efficiency.
a. In areas where the original sealant has been scratched. gouged or otherwise damaged, remove the
damaged section of fillet with a sharp plexiglas scraper. Taper all cuts in the old sealant at a 45° angle.
b. The original sealant in the fuel tank will be fuel soaked and should be dried in the area of any
repair Use a vapor-proof heat lamp or hot air blower.
c. Thoroughly clean all areas to be repaired with solvent such as Methylethylketone (M.E.K.). A
progressive cleaning procedure should be used. Wash one small area at a time: then dry with a clean cloth
before the solvent evaporates, to prevent redeposition of the oil. fuel. etc.. on the surface. Always pour
solvent on the washing cloth to maintain a clean solvent supply. Reclaimed solvents should not be used.
d. Check the damaged area for any other repairs which may have to be made before applying the
new sealant. Re-alodine any aluminum surfaces which have the original coating removed. Apply
aldoine 1200 solution (undiluted) to the affected area with a small nylon brush. Allow the solution to dry
until a light golden color appears. When a coating has been formed, remove the excess solution by wiping
with a clean water moistened cloth and wipe dry.
Revised: 2/20/86 3E9 FUEL SYSTEM

3E9
WARNING
Do not allow alodine solution to come in contact with hands, eyes

or clothing.
e. Just prior to application of PR-1435 sealant the affected area must be recleaned with M.E.K., per
instruction given in Step c.
f. Mix the two-part sealant per instruction supplied with it. Proper mixing and correct proportions
are extremely important if optimum results are to be obtained.
g. Apply the sealant .125 to .187 of an inch thick to the repair area with a paddle shape tool.
Firmly press sealant in place and form into the desired shape. Lap new sealant over old existing sealant .125
to .25 of an inch.
WARNING
This sealant contains flammable and volatile solvents. Keep it

away from heat, sparks and flame. Proper precautions must be
used when applying this sealant.
Avoid all contact of this sealant with your body, especially

contact with open breaks in the skin. Polyethylene mitts should be
used and hands washed before eating or smoking.
9-40. NACELLE AND TIP TANK ACCESS PLATE RESEALING. The sealant material to be used for
sealing the access plates should be PR-1321B manufactured by:
Products Research and Chemical Corp.
PRC Coating and Sealants Division
5426-T San Fernando Rd.
Glendale. CA 91203 (213) 240-2060
Proceed as follows:
a. Clean all mating surfaces in accordance with paragraph 9-40 step c.
b. Apply a film of sealant 1, 32" to 1/16" thick to the surface to be sealed.
c. Install part immediately. Tighten screws to obtain as nearly as possible, a metal-to-metal contact.
This squeezes out excess sealant, leaving only enough to fill remaining gaps.
NOTE
After sealing and securing access panels, the nacelle and/ or tip tank
can be filled with fuel 45 minutes after application of the sealant.
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/20/86 3E10
13
1. FUEL TRANSMITTER, RIGHT
2. FUEL FILTER, RIGHT
3. HOSE ASSEMBLY, DRAIN, RIGHT
4. LEVER, FUEL FILTER DRAIN
5. LINE ASSEMBLY
6. VALVE, FUEL SHUTOFF. RIGHT
7. SUBMERGED FUEL PUMPS, RIGHT
8. CHECK VALVE
9. CONTROL CABLE
10. LINE ASSEMBLY. TO FUEL CONTROL PANEL
11. CONTROL CABLE
12. VALVE ASSEMBLY, FUEL CROSSFEED
13. SUBMERGED FUEL PUMPS, LEFT
14. VALVE, FUEL SHUTOFF, LEFT
15. FUEL TRANSMITTER. LEFT
16. FUEL FILTER
17. LEVER, FUEL FILTER DRAIN
l8. HOSE ASSEMBLY, DRAIN, LEFT
19. HOSE ASSEMBLY
10
Figure9-11. Fuel System Installation

3E1
1124
J I
STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4
STEP 5 STEP 6 STEP 7
Figure 9- 1 2. Fuel Cell Tie Detail

3E12
9-41. FUEL GAUGING SYSTEM.
9-42. DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. This is a capacitance type gauging system
which senses changes in fuel sensor total capacitance. As fuel rises inside each sensor, it increases the sensor's
measurable capacitance, depending on the weight of fuel inside the sensor. (It takes a slightly higher level of
warmer or less dense fuel to produce the given sensor capacitance increase.) The sensor capacitance
approximately doubles, when it is completely immersed in fuel. The fuel quantity indicator measures the total
sensor capacitance increase and indicates how many pounds of fuel were required to produce that much
capacitance increase.
The indicator contains a square wave generator which puts out voltage pulses on the "LO Z" wires. The
indicator also has two square wave receivers, connected to the LEFT and RIGHT "HI Z" wires. These
receivers drive the fuel quantity pointers higher, when higher square wave voltages comes back from the tank
sensor units because of an increase in sensor capacitance coupling from "LO Z" to a "HI Z" wire.
The electrical power for the entire system is supplied from the 28-volt dc aircraft power supply. (Refer to
Section XV for electrical schematics of the fuel gauging system.)
9-43. REMOVALAND INSTALLATION
OF SENSOR UNITS.
CAUTION
Sensor units must be handled very carefully asdamagetothetubes
will destroy the accuracy of the units.
There is a fuel sensor unit located in each fuel cell and tank. Each installation will be covered separately.
Install in reverse order of removal.
I. TIP TANK: The sensor unit is mounted on the bottom of each tip tank.
a. Remove the fairing between the tip tank and wing.
b. Disconnect the electrical leads at the connectors next to the sensor unit. (Refer to Figure 9-3.)
c. Be sure that the tip tank is completely drained of fuel.
d. Remove the five screws securing the sensor to the tip tank and carefully remove the unit and
gasket.
II. NACELLE TANK. The sensor unit is mounted in the upper portion of the nacelle tank, inboard of
the filler cap.
a. Remove the access cover next to the filler cap.
b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the sensor unit, mark leads for later reconnection.
c. Be sure that enough fuel has been drained from the system to prevent spillage. (Refer to
Section II, Draining Fuel System.)
d. Remove the five screws securing the sensor to the nacelle tank and carefully remove the unit
and gasket.
III. MAIN OUTBOARD FUEL CELL: The sensor is mounted in the fuel cell at wing station 104.50.
a. Remove the access panel at wing station 104.50.
b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the sensor unit; mark leads for later reconnection.
c. Be sure that enough fuel has been drained from the system to prevent spillage. (Refer to
Section II, Draining Fuel System.)
d. Remove the five screws securing the sensor to the fuel cell and carefully remove the unit and
gasket.
IV. MAIN INBOARD FUEL CELL: The sensor is mounted in the fuel cell at wing station 36.00.
a. Remove the access panel at wing station 36.00, and use the same removal procedure as outlined
for main outboard fuel cell.
9-44. REPAIRS.
9-45. FUEL QUANTITY INDICATOR. Periodic overhaul of the indicator is not recommended.
3E13
9- 46 TANK SENSOR UNITS (ALL). Periodic overhaul of all tank units is not recommended.
I
9-47. CLEANING OF TANK UNITS. All the tank sensor units used in this system can be cleaned with
trichloroethylene or any similar degreasing agent. This may restore units found unserviceable due to high
electrical leakage (under 10 megohms).
WARNING
Trichloroethylene or other type dry cleaning solvents may produce

toxic effects. Use in well ventilated area. Repeated contact of these
solvents with the skin can produce skin irritation. The use of
- rubber-gloves-is-recommended.
CAUTION
Handle sensor units carefully as any damage to the tubes will

destroy the accuracy of the unit.
After cleaning the sensor units allow them to air dry. Then check electrical leakage and capacitance.
9-48. TESTING.
WARNING
Use of a hand cranked "megger" or some other kinds of test

equipment CAN CAUSE AN EXPLOSION, if used onTANK UNITS OR
THEIR WIRING HARNESS, when in the presence of fuel or
combustible vapors (installed). The special equipment listed in
TABLE IX- is sold (complete with operation manuals)to be used for
proper calibration of the fuel quantity indication system
components.
The test equipment listed in Table IX-1 can be conveniently inserted between an installed FUEL
QUANTITYINDICATOR and its installed aircraft harness. This allows a quick electrical leakage test of the
TANK SENSOR UNITS and their harness, or functional and calibration testing of the FUEL QUANTITY
INDICATOR.TheTable lX4 test equipment can also be used to perform a capacitance calibrationtest of an
individual tank sensor unit mounted in an emptytank. RefertoTable lX- for indicatorCalibration andTable
IX-Il for Tank Sensor Unit Calibration capacitance values. See Figure 9- 14 Test Equipment Hookup.
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/20/86
3E14
TABLE IX-I. TEST EQUIPMENT
Nomenclature Model No. Manufacturer Use
Barfield Instrument Corp.

Test Set 2548-H Test Sensor
4101 N.W. 29th Street
P.O. Box 420537 Units or Gauge
Cheyenne I & II 101-00448 Miami, FL 33142 in aircraft or on
Adapter bench for
Phone: 305-871-3900 electrical leak-
Lead Package 101-00431 Telex: 51-8808 age, or capaci-
-or- tance, and cali-
2 coax/BNC bration.
jumper cables
or
Test Set 89-108-2 Ragan Data Systems

3-T Oval Dr., P.O. Box 4 17
Cheyenne I & 11 78-125-1 Central Islip, NY 11722
System Harness
Phone: 516-234-3800
Probe Harness TWX: 510-227-4901
Comes with test set
or
Test Set GTF-12 Gull Airborne

395 Oser Avenue
Test Harness Field fabricated Smithtown, NY 11787
Phone: 516-231-3737
TWX: 510-227-8557

3E15
9-49. TANK SENSOR UNITS. These can be most accurately tested for correct capacitance (calibration)
when installed in a metal container grounded to both the sensor mounting flange and the test harness
shield ground. See Figure 9- 13A. Less accurate readings come from a unit standing or lying on a bench.
where nearby metalsorinsulatorsotherthanfreeair come closetothe sensor ends.Figures 9- 15 and 9-1 6
shows the appropriate harness for bench testing tank sensor units with any accurate capacitance bridge.
See capacitance values on Table IX-11. Test harness ends may be chosen from the list of aircraftHarness
Connectors, following figure 9- 16.
9-50. FUEL QUANTITYINDICATOR. When testing one side of a fuel quantity indicator, the meter for the
opposite side should be activated to approximately mid-scale, with a fixed capacitor of about 100 pF. Use
an accurate capacitance test set (seeTable X-) to determine that both sides oftheFuel QuantityIndicator
read within the limits shown in Table IX-D.
-CAUTION -
Keep do instruments or other apparatus containing magnets at least two feet away
from the indicator under test, during all testing procedures
a. Ohmmeter Test. Using a VOM set at R x I. check for jumper continuity between connector pins D
to E. and grounding between Pins A. C. G. and case of indicator under test. Resistance must not measure more
than 0.2 ohms.
b. Test Setup
1. Adjust the regulated do power supply for +28 + 0.5 volts and shut off power
2. Connect indicator under test to test set and harness as shown on Figure 9-15. View A.
c. Line Current Test.
1. Readjust power supply to +28 volts dc +0.5 volts as necessary in the remaining tests.
2 The indicator should draw between 66 and 86 milliampers.
d. Scale Error Test:
NOTE
The indicator being tested should be tapped lightly (3 times per

minute) before a test point reading is taken.
1. Connectthetest equipment as shown in ViewA ofFigure 9-16. SeeFigure 9- 17forlocation

of indicator (EMPTY and FULL) calibration screws. Any calibration screw should have sufficient range to
compensate for ± 5 pf different capacitance at zero or 1200 pounds. Slowly vary thecapacitance tester for
left tank simulation to obtain pointer readings shown in Table IX-II, in the down scale direction only
Readings obtained must fall within the tolerance specified in Table IX-II. Connect the test equipment as
shown in View B of Figure 9-1 6 and repeat test for the right tank simulation.
e Position Error Test:

1. With the indicator being tested in the normal upright position, obtain down scale reading for
both 'left and right tank simulation on the capacitance tester. When the dial on the indicator reads 700 pounds,
note these readings.
2. Rotate the indicator 90 degrees clockwise and repeat Step I above: again note readings
obtained.
FUEL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/20/86
3E16
3 Rotate the indicator 90 degrees counterclockwise from the normal upright position and repeat
Step 1. above.
4. The four readings obtained in Steps 2 and 3 must fall within ±2.0 pf of the normal upright
position reading obtained in Step 1.
f. Pointer Overshoot and Response Time:
1. Disconnect the 28 volt power supply from the indicator being tested. Set the capacitance tester
for both the left and right tank simulation to value equivalent to full fuel.
2. Apply the +28 volt power to the indicator being tested and observe both pointers on the
dial indicator. There should be no overshoot of the pointers, and the time required for pointers to reach final
position (1200 lbs.) should exceed minimum of two seconds.
g. Failure Indication Test:
1. Disconnect the 28 volt power supply to the indicator being tested. Both pointers on the
indicator must go off scale and come to rest below the zero mark.
549
FLANGEOF SENSORUNDERTEST
Figure 9- 13. Fabrication of Test Fixture for Tank Unit Testing.
3E17
C221
SYSTEM TESTER
(FROM TABLEIX-I)
INSTRUMENTPANEL
FUELQUANTITY
G H E F C A J
TEST CONNECTORS
LEFTWING RIGHTWING
PBA1020-3
NACELLETANK MAIN TANK
NOTES
1 CONTINUITYOF HIGH IMPEDANCE SHIELD MUST BE MAINTAINEDTHROUGHOUT
SYSTEM WIRING. SHIELDMUST NEVER TERMINATEAT AIRFRAMESTRUCTURE
2 ALL W:RENO. 20 AWG UNLESS OTHERWISEINDICATED
Figure 9-14. Test Equipment Hookup

3E18
TABLE IX-II. SCALE ERROR READINGS
Capacitance Tester Settings (pF)

Dial (Ibs.) Standard System With Tip Tanks
1200 138.8
1000 127.6
980 115.8
800 105.8 116.5
600 94.7 105.4
400 83.6 94.3
200 72.4 83.1
0 61.3 72.0
+/- 3pF +/- 3pF
I TABLE IX-III. TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE (DRY)
Unit Location Piper Part No. Tank Unit Model Capacitance (pF) Tolerance ( pF)
Tip Tanks 50946-03 PBA 1021 10.75 0.75

550 577
Main Inboards 50946-04 PBA 1020-1 12.46 0.75
550 578
Main Outboards 50946-05 PBA1020-2 23.60 0.75
550 579
Nacelles 50946-02 PBA 1020-3 21.88 0.75
550 576
NOTE: Electrical leakage resistance between "H" and "L"or between "H" or"L"and the Tank Sensor
Unit mounting flange must measure 10 or more megohms.
InterimRevision:4/30/86 FUEL SYSTEM

3E19
NOTE
EJC AND EJA TYPETERMINALSAREONLY
EJC405 > USED WITH CONSOL AIRBORNE TF-20
TEST SET.
COAX HI Z
EJC405 EJA2M2
UNSHIELDED LO Z
EJC405 EJA03FOI
Figure 9-15. Test Cables For Tank Unit Testing (For TF-20, Only)
563 REG DC POWER SUPPLY

* 28V DC
- 28v DC
A A
m C GND
RIGHT
DSF980-1 INDICATOR B B LO 2 RIGHT VC MA
UNDER TEST DD LO Z LEFT
E E HI Z LEFT
H H
G
G
MS3106E- 18-15
COAX
0
CAPACITANCE 100pF
TESTER 0 +20%
UNSH
VIEW A
COAX
CAPACITANCE
100pF TESTER
20% T
VIEW B
Figure 9-16. Alternate Indicator Bench Test Hookup

3E20
9-51. CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS OF FUEL QUANTITY GAUGE. (Refer to Figure 9-16a.)
a. Completely drain the fuel system. (Refer to Draining Fuel Cells, Section I.)
b. Level the airplane longitudinally and laterally. (Refer to Leveling, Section II.)
c. Determine that the crossfeed and firewall shutoff valves are closed.
d. Add unusable fuel to the tank. (4 gal. per side. See Table II-I.)
NOTE
The electrical system must supply power to the gauge to make these
checks. The gauge must read zero with unusable fuel in the tank, and
below zero, when turned off.
e. With the master switch ON, observe the fuel quantity gauges, both should read zero. If not, adjust the
particular gauge to read zero by turning the proper set screw, located on the rear of the gauge, marked
"Empty - Right and Left" to obtain the zero reading.
I f. Add fuel to each wing in increments as indicated in Table IX-II. Fuel quantity gauge indication must
be within ± 50 pounds.
CAUTION
1. Adjust the quantity gauge, if required, at zero fuel and full fuel
only; do not make adjustments anywhere in the mid-range.
2. It is extremely important that the weight of thefuel be accurate,
before readjusting the quantity gauge. A particular batch of Jet
A that weighs 1200#per 180 U.S. gallons at +70°F willprobably
take 183 U.S. gallons of +100°Ffuel to weigh 1200 pounds.
3. If greater than 50 pound adjustment is made to the FULL
setting, in step f., it is important that the EMPTY setting be
reverified, according to steps d. and e.
FULL LEFT
EMPTY EMPTY LEFT
Figure 9-16a. Fuel Gauge Adjustment.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 3E21 FUEL SYSTEM

HARNESS CONNECTORS:
1 4" x .032 Spade (Flag) Receptacle is AMP 60290-2 (P/N 588 364) in fold over plastic housing AMP
1-480306-1 (P N 484 227). for WING or NACELLE TANK SENSORS.
Pin is .080" diameter AMP 61118-1 (PN 480 791) in AMP 1-480351-0 (P/N 565 375), for TIP TANK
SENSOR.
Indicator Connector is MS3106E-18-IS (P N 555 647).
TABLE-IX-IV.TROUBLESHOOTING CHAR-T-(-FUEL GA-UGING-SY-STE-M-)
The biggest source of malfunction will probably be shorted or electrically "leaky"TANK SENSOR
UNITS.This can be caused by their exposure to contaminated fuel or corrosive environments.Thefirst
test on a troublesome system should be to USE SPECIALTEST EQUIPMENT FROMTABLEIX-l.torun a
10 or more megohm test of the tank sensor system in each wing.
- WARNING -
DO NOT USE A HIGH VOLTAGE"MEGGER". DANGEROF EXPLOSION.
See paragraph 9-48 "WARNING"
Dead-gauge does not come up to No dc power to gauge. Correct loss of ±24Vdc to

zero pounds. gauge pin "J" or ground to pin
"A".
Dead gauge even with 24Vdc Replace Fuel Quantity

from "J" to "A". Indicator.
Gauge is not dead but does not Gauge gets 24V dc but only Clear short or electrical leakage
appear to work reads on bench because system from wing tank sensors or their
in shorted. wiring. See Figure 9-13.
Gauge appears to work properly One or more bad Tank Sensor Test each Tank Sensor Unit per
on part of its range, only. Units. Table IX-III.
Gauge appears to work properly Tanks are partly or completely Test Fuel Quantity Indicator per
but is not properly calibrated. filled with other than jet fuel. Table IX-II and then recalibrate
system per paragraph 9-12.
A short anywhere between a "LO Z" wire (or a Tank Sensor Unit outside tube) and airframe ground will
make the whole system (both sides) appear to be turned off. If so, disconnect the Fuel Quantity
Indicator Connector and measure for possible short from pin "D" (right wing) or pin "E" (left wing) to
airframe ground, to determine which side of the airplane has the short.

3E22
TABLE IX-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (FUEL SYSTEM)
Fuel gauge fails to in- Circuit breaker out. Check and reset.
dicate proper tank level.
Broken wire. Check and repair.
Gauge inoperative. Replace.
Incomplete ground. Check ground connection

at gauge and at fuel
transmitters in the wings.
Vent holes in fuel Clear vent holes.

transmitter clogged.
Fuel valves leak, Worn O-rings. Replace O-rings or valve.

pressure low or
pressure surges. Obstruction in inlet Trace lines and locate
side of pump. obstruction.
Faulty pump. Replace pump.
Low fuel pressure. Fuel valve stuck. Check valve.
No fuel in tanks. Check and fill.
Filters dirty. Clean filters.
Unidentified leak. Fuel lines damaged Locate and repair.

or improperly
installed.
O-rings improperly Locate and repair or

installed. tighten.
3E23
TABLE IX-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (FUEL SYSTEM) (cont.)
Fuel leaking from Full fuel tanks Defuel aircraft or

NACA vents. and fuel expansion park in a shaded
due to exposure or cooler location.
to heat.
Relief valve in Defuel aircraft and

nacelle or float inspectvalves for
valve in tip tank condition.
sticking open or
leaking.
Fuel leaking from Filler caps improperly Adjust filler caps

filler caps. adjusted and not to obtain tight
sealing properly. seal.
3E24
1381
TIP TANK INSTALLATION IF INSTALLED
NOTE
FLOAT VALVES ARE NOT INTER-
CHANGEABLE CONSULT PARTS
CATALOG FOR PROPER REPLACE-
MENT PART
1. FLOAT VALVE (IN NACELLE TANK) (SEE NOTE)

2. NACELLE VENT LINE
3. VENT ASSEMBLIES
4. VENT LINE
5. TIP TANK VENT LINE
6. TIP TANK VENT WELL
7. FLOAT VALVE (TIP TANK)
8. FLOAT VALVE HOUSING ASSEMBLY (PA-31TI ONLY.)
Figure 9-17 Fuel Vent System
9-52. FUEL VENT SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 9-17.) The main fuel vent line extends from the upper
portion of the nacelle fuel tank down through the wing. out to the wing tip or tip tank. A float valve is installed
on the end of the vent line in the nacelle tank to prevent fuel from escaping through the vent system. There are
two NACA anti-icing type vent assemblies installed along the vent line. these are non-siphoning type which
incorporate flame arrestors The tip tank (if installed) has a vent well assembly which has a float valve, tip
relief tube and the main vent line connected to it. This vent well is sealed from the fuel storage area in the tip
tank. except for the float valve and relief tube which extends to the forward top portion of the tank The float
valve installed in the tip tank vent well prevents fuel from escaping through the vent line. The relief tube
allows the fuel system to vent during climb attitude with full fuel aboard. and may allow fuel to escape when
the tanks are full and fuel expansion takes place due to heat. such as the aircraft being parked on the ramp and
being exposed to high ramp temperatures
FUEL SYSTEM
3F1
SECTION X
INSTRUMENTS
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
10-1. Introduction ............................................................. 3F5

10-2. Description ............................................................... 3F5
10-3. Instrument Panel .......................................................... 3F5
10-4. Instruments ............................................................... 3F5
10-5. Removal of Instruments.............--... .. ....... ............... ......- 3F5-
10-6. Installation of Instruments ......................................... 3F6
10-7. Pitot and Static System .............................................. .... 3F10
10-8. Description ............ ....... ................... ................ 3F10
10-9. Maintenance ..................................................... 3F10
10-10. Troubleshooting .................................................. 3F10
10-11. Inspection and Checks of Instruments and System .................... 3F10
10-12. Instruments (Non-Electrical) ................................................ 3FI
10-13. Airspeed Indicator ......................................................... 3F11
10-14. General .......................................................... 3F11
10-15. Troubleshooting ................... ............................... 3F11
10-16. Removal and Replacement ......................................... 3FI
10-17. Sensitive Altimeter ......................................................... 3F11
10-18. General .......................................................... 3F11
10-19. Troubleshooting ................................................. 3F11
10-20. Removal and Replacement . ........................................ 3FI 11
10-21. Rate of Climb Indicator ............................... ..................... 3FI
10-22. General .................................................. . 3FII
10-24. Removal and Replacement ......................................... 3F11
10-25. Magnetic Compass ........................................................ 3FI
10-26. General .......................................................... 3F11
10-29. Cabin Pressurization Instruments ........................................... 3F12
10-30. General .......................................................... 3F12
10-32. Removal and Replacement ........................................ 3F12
10-33. Pneumatic System Pressure Gauge ........................................... 3F12
10-34. General ......................................................... 3F12
10-36. Removal and Replacement ....................................... 3F12
Reissued:2/6/81
3 F2
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
10-37. Oil Pressure Gauge (Wet Direct Reading and Electric) .. . ......... ....... 3F12
10-38. General .......................................................... 3F12
10-39. Troubleshooting.................................................. 3F12
10-41. Fuel Pressure Gauge (Wet Direct Reading and Electric) . ............... 3F12
10-42. General .......................................................... 3F12
10-45. Clock ................................................................... 3F13
10-46. General .......................................................... 3F13
10-48. Instruments (Electric) ..................................................... 3F13
10-49. Oil and Fuel Pressure Gauges (Electric) ...................................... 3F13
10-50. Attitude Gyro ............................................................. 3F13
10-51. General.......................................................... 3F13
10-52. Troubleshooting ................................................. 3F13
10-54. Directional Gyro .......................................................... 3F13
10-55. General.......................................................... 3F13
10-58. Turn and Bank Indicator .................................................. 3F13
10-59. General .......................................................... 3F13
10-61. Adjustment of Turn and Bank Vacuum Regulator .................... 3F14
10-62. Checking Pneumatic Check Valve ................................... 3F14
10-64. Air Temperature Gauge .................................................... 3F16
10-65. General.......................................................... 3F16
10-68. Ammeter ................................................................. 3F16
10-69. General .......................................................... 3F16
10-71. Removal and Replacement ............................... ... 3F16
10-72. Voltmeter ................................................................. 3F16
10-73. General.......................................................... 3F16
10-76. Fuel Quantity Gauge (Dual) ................................................ 3F16
10-77. General .......................................................... 3F16
10-80. Fuel Flow Gauge ............. .......................................... 3F17
Revised: 2/15/82
3 F3
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
10-81 General .......................................................... 3F17

10-84. Oil Temperature Gauge ..................................................... 3F17
10-85. General .......................................................... 3F17
10-88. Engine Torque Gauge ...................................................... 3F17
10-89. General .......................................................... 3F17
- - 10-90. Troubleshooting ..................................... 3F17
10-92. Inter-Turbine Temperature Gauge ........................................... 3F17
10-93. General .......................................................... 3F17
10-96. Tachometer (Propeller); .................................................... 3F18
10-97. General .......................................................... 3F18
10-98. Troubleshooting ......................................... ......... 3F18
10-100. Tachometer (Gas Generator) ......... ....................................... 3F18
10-101. General ......................................................... 3F18
10-103 Removal and Replacement ......................................... 3F18
10-104. Engine Hour Recorder ................................................... :. 3F18
10-105. General .......................................................... 3F18
10-108. Flap Indicator ............................................................. 3F19
10-109. General .......................................................... 3F19
10-112. Stall Margin Indicator ..................................................... 3F19
10-113. General .......................................................... 3F19
10-116. Annunciator Display ....................................................... 3F19
10-117. General .......................................................... 3F19
10-120. Stall Warning Indicator and Lift Detector .................................... 3F19
10-121. Removal of Lift Detector .......................................... 3F19
12-122. Installation of Lift Detector ........................................ 3F19
10-123. Adjustment of Lift Detector ........................................ 3F19
Reissued:2/6/81 3
3 F4
SECTIONX
INSTRUMENTS
10-1. INTRODUCTION.The purpose of this section is to provide instructions for remedying difficulties
which may arise in the operation of the various electrical and non-electrical instrumentation. The
instructions are organized so that the mechanic can refer to Description, for a basic understandingof the
instruments; Troubleshooting, for a methodical approach in locating the difficulty; and Removal and
Replacement to aid the mechanic. Maintenance,other than described in this section, shall be done by the
instrument manufactureror an authorizedrepair station.
10-2. DESCRIPTION.The instrumentation of the Cheyenne is designedto givean actual indication of the
attitude, performance and condition of the aircraft. The instruments are dividedinto two groups, electrical
and non-electrical. Electrically operated instruments are protected with circuit breakers to isolate the
individualinstruments in the event of trouble. Indicator and warninglights are installed to provide the pilot
with information regardingsafe operation of the varioussystems.
10-3. INSTRUMENTPANEL. The instrument panel is arranged to accommodateflight instruments on the
left side, in front of the pilot; engine instruments and electronic equipment in the center. A second set of
flight instruments may be installedin the right panel for use by the copilot. The flight instrument panels are
shock-mountedto minimizevibration and shock transmitted to the instruments.
10-4. INSTRUMENTS.
10-5. REMOVALOF INSTRUMENTS.The majority of instruments are mounted in a similar manner;
therefore, a typical removal and installation is provided as a guide for the removal and installation of the
instruments. Special care should be taken when any operation pertaining to the instrumentsis performed.
a. The non-shock-mountedinstruments may be removed by the followingprocedure:
1. At the back of the panel, unscrewthe electricalconnector from the post light(s).
2. Disconnect the plumbing and/or electrical connector from the back of the instrument.
Wheretwo or more lines connect to an instrument, identify each line to facilitate reinstallation.Attach a
dust cap or plug to each fitting.
3. Removethe post light(s)by turning off nut.
4. Removethe screwsthat securethe instrument in the panel cutout.
5. Removethe instrument from the panel.
Reiisued:2/6/815 INSTRUMENTS
b. To remove instruments mounted in the overhead panel assembly, it is necessary to remove the panel
to gain access to the back of the instruments.
c. The shock mounted instruments may be removed by the following procedure:
1. Unsnap the forward side of the instrument panel cover and slide forward enough to allow it to
move from its attachment slot. Remove the cover from over the panel.
2. Pull the control wheel that is at the opposite side of the instrument panel from where the
shock mounted panel is to be removed, to its aftmost position and secure with a cord tied between the wheel
and around the seat back.
3. Pad the control wheel tube with foam rubber or similar material.
4. Remove the four self-locking nuts that secure the floating panel to its shock mounts. There is
one nut located on the panel at each side of the control wheel tube, and one nut located at each side of the
panel, near the top. With an open end wrench held next to the backside of the panel, hold the rubber mounts
to eliminate twisting as the nuts are being removed.
5. Pull the panel back and allow it to rest on the padded control wheel tube.
6. Unscrew the electrical connector from the post light(s).
7. Disconnect the plumbing and/or electrical connector from the back of the instrument and
identify each line to facilitate reinstallation. Attach a dust cap or plug to each fitting.
8. Remove the post light(s) by turning off nut.
9. Remove the screws that secure the instrument in the panel cutout.
10. Remove the instrument from the panel and secure the panel from rolling off the control tube.
11. Check the general condition of the rubber shock mounts and replace, if necessary.
d. Typical removal for a front mounted instrument is as follows:
1. Release the instrument by removing the attaching hardware from the front of the instrument.
2. Carefully slide the instrument out of the panel exposing all plumbing and/ or electrical
connections at the rear of the instrument.
3. Disconnect and label all plumbing and/or electrical lines. Remove instrument and cap dis-
connected pneumatic lines.
10-6. INSTALLATION OF INSTRUMENTS.

a. The non-shock mounted instruments may be installed by the following procedure:
1. Place the instrument in its proper panel cutout and secure with screws.
2. Install the post light(s) and secure. Do not overtighten nut.
3. Connect the plumbing and/or electrical connector to back of instrument.
4. Connect the electrical connector of the post light(s). Tighten connector finger tight.
5. Check instrument and post light(s) operation.
b. The shock mounted instruments may be installed by the following procedure:
1. Place the instrument in its proper panel cutout and secure with screws.
2. Install the post light(s) and secure. Do not overtighten nut.
3. Connect the plumbing and or electrical connector to back of instrument.
4. Connect the electrical connector of the post light(s). Tighten connector finger tight.
5. Ascertain that one end of the ground straps is placed over the panel side of the shock mount
stud.
6. Place the floating panel in position and allow the shock mount attachment studs to protrude
through the panel. Install and tighten attachment nuts.
7. Remove the padding and release the control wheel.
8. Check the instrument and post light operation.
c. Install front mounted instruments in the reverse order of removal.
Reissued:2/6/81 INSTRUMENTS
3F6
1382
2 4
47 48 60 49 50 51 52 53 56 58 10 9
1. PLATE 32. KA-37

2. LIGHT, STALLWARNING 33. GAUGE, ENGINE TORQUE
3. PLACARD 34. GAUGE, ITT
4. LIGHT, MASTER CAUTION 35. GAUGE. PROPELLER RPM
5. INDICATOR,STALL MARGIN 36. GAUGE, ENGINE RPM
6. CLOCK 37. GAUGE, FUEL FLOW
7. GAUGE, PNEUMATIC PRESSURE 38. GAUGE, FUEL PRESSURE
8. GAUGE, OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE 39. GAUGE, OIL PRESSURE
9. MIKE JACK 40. GAUGE. OIL TEMPERATURE
10. PHONEJACK 41. PLACARD
11. CABIN PRESSURE CONTROLS 42. FLAP INDICATOR
12. CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLS (EARLY INSTL.) 43. OXYGEN PRESSURE INDICATOR
13. GAUGE, CABIN RATE OF CLIMB 44. AIR DUCT
14. GAUGE, CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE 45. DME
AND CABIN ALTITUDE 46. RIGHT NAV
15. INDICATOR AIRSPEED 47. PRESSURIZATION AIR CONTROL
16. ATTITUDE GYRO 48. KNOB, PARKING BRAKE
17. ALTIMETER 49. KNOB, LANDING GEAR SELECTOR
18. INDICATOR, TURN AND BANK 50. LIGHTS, GEAR INDICATOR
19. DIRECTIONAL GYRO 51. KNOB, OXYGEN SYSTEM
20. INDICATOR, RATE OF CLIMB 52. KNOB, WINDSHIELD WIPER
21. ADF 53. LIGHTS, PROPELLER INDICATOR
22. GAUGE, DUAL FUEL QUANTITY 54. KNOB, FLAP POSITION
23. RADAR ALTIMETER 55. SELECTOR VALVE, STATIC PRESSURE
24. COVER 56. SWITCH, HEATER FUEL
25. COMM I 57. ENGINE HOUR METER
26. COMM II 58. CABIN COMFORT CONTROL ASSEMBLY
27. NAV I 59. ANNUNCIATOR DISPLAY
28. NAV 11 60. H.T.G. SWITCHES, RIGHT AND LEFT
29. TRANSPONDER 61. VACUUM GAUGE
30. NAV I OR ADF
31. RADAR
Figure 10-1Instrument Panel Installation (Typical)
Reissued: 2/6/81 INSTRUMENTS

3F7
10
SEE NOTE
1 HOSE. STATIC PRESSURE

2 STATIC LINE VENT, LEFT & RIGHT
3 UNE ASSEMBLY - STATIC PRESSURE
4 VALVE STATIC AIR PRESSURE
5 PLUG BUTTON
6 MANIFOLD ASSEMBLY, STATIC AIR
7 CAP ASSEMBLY
8 HOSE. PITOT
9 TUBE PITOT NOTE
10 INDICATOR. AIRSPEED USED IF BUTLER POD IS IN-
11 ALTIMETER STALLED (REFER TO PARTS
12 INDICATOR, RATE OF CLIMB CATALOG FOR PART NUM-
13 CABIN DIFF PRESSURE & ALTITUDE BERS )
14 PNEUMATIC PRESSURE
Figure 10-2. Pitot-Static Installation
Revised: 4/25/83 INSTRUMENTS

3F8
1293
NOTE
ADVISORY CIRCULAR AC 43-203A DESCRIBES AN ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF

COMPLYING WITH STATIC SYSTEM TEST REQUIRED BY FAR PART 91.
SECTION 91.170 FOR AIRCRAFT OPERATED UNDER IFR CONDITIONS. FOR
STATIC SYSTEM TEST FOR AIRCRAFT NOT OPERATED IN CONTROLLED
AIRSPACE UNDER IFR CONDITIONS. SEE ADVISORY CIRCULAR AC 43.13-A.
SECTION 4 OF CHAPTER 16.
VIEW A
1 1
1. PITOT HEAD
2. ALTERNATE STATIC SOURCE
1. ALTIMETER
4. AIRSPEED INDICATOR
5. RATE OF CLIMB INDICATOR
6. PNEUMATIC PRESSURE GAUGE
7. STATIC SOURCE FOR PILOTS INSTRUMENTS
8. STATIC SOURCE FOR COPILOTS INSTRUMENTS
9. STATIC SOURCE FOR ALTIMATIC M-4D
ALTITUDE CONTROLLER
10. CABIN DIFF PRESSURE AND ALTITUDE
Figure 10-3. Instrument Air System Installation

3F9
10-7. PITOT AND STATICSYSTEM.

10-8. DESCRIPTION.The pitot system transfers ram air from the electricallyheated pitot tube located on
the underside of the fuselagethrough tubing to the airspeedindicator.
The purpose of the static system is to vent the flight instruments, pneumatic pressure gauge,cabin
differential pressure gauge,and the fuel and oil pressuregaugeto ambient atmospheric pressure.The static
system consists of two static vents located in the aft fuselagesection, an alternate static air source located
in the forward fuselage,controlled by a selector valve located in the cockpit, all interconnected by tubing.
10-9. MAINTENANCE.Maintenance of the pitot-static system is necessaryto insure the proper operation
of the instruments connected to the system. If the aircraft has dual pitot-static systems, both must be
tested and inspected. These tests and inspectionsmust be conducted every 24 calender months and comply
with FAR's Part 91, Section 91.170 and Appendix E of Part 43.Advisory Circular-AC43-203Adescribes-
an acceptablemeans of complying with static system test required by FAR's Part 91, Section 91.170.
CAUTION
Never blow air through the pitot or static lines towards the
instruments.
NOTE
When any connections in the system are opened for checks, the
system must be rechecked per AC 43.13-lA, Chapter 16, Section
4.
10-10. TROUBLESHOOTING.(Refer to Table X-l.)
10-11 INSPECTIONAND CHECKSOF INSTRUMENTSAND SYSTEM. During the regular inspection
of the airplane or wheneveran instrument or instruments is changed or serviced, the followinginspection
and checks should be made to the complete system:
a. Inspect the pitot-static system for cleanliness,condition, security and operation per Advisory
Circular No. AC 43-203A for aircraft operated in controlled airspace under IFR conditions. Aircraft not
operated in controlled airspace should be tested per AdvisoryCircular AC43.13-1A, Section 4 of Chapter
16.
b. Inspect the instruments for poor condition, mounting, markings,broken or loose and/or missing
knobs, bent or missingpointers, and improper operation (where applicable).
c. Check power-offindicationsof instrument pointers and warning flags for proper indication.
d. Apply power and check for excessivemechanicalnoise, erratic or intermittent operation, failure
to indicate, sluggishnessor indication of excessive friction. Note if the erection or warm-up time is
excessive,cagingfunctions are normal, and warningflagsand indicatinglights and test circuits are operable.
e. Note operation of instruments during engine runup. Check for intermittent or improper
operation of any instrument.
f. Inspect the complete system for general condition, apparent and obvious defects, insecurity of
attachments, tubing connections and pneumatic tubing for security, leaks, corrosion, cracks, bends and
pinching and any evidenceof chafing.
g. Check electrical connections and circuit breakers for proper size, security and condition. Check
instrument lighting system for rangeof illumination,burned out bulbs and defectivecontrols. Check wiring
for chafing, excessivetension, improper support or broken lacing and ties.
h. Check instruments for evidenceof overheatingor contamination of equipment by foreignmatter
or water. Dust, dirt and lint contribute to overheatingof equipment, poor ventilation and malfunctioning.
Special attention should be given that ventilation openings in equipment housings are open and free from
obstructing lint and dust.

3F10
10-12. INSTRUMENTS (NON-ELECTRICAL).
10-13. AIRSPEED INDICATOR.
10-14. GENERAL. The airspeed indicator provides a means of indicating the speed of the aircraft passing
through the air. The airspeed indication depends on the differential pressure between pitot air pressure and
static air pressure. This instrument has the diaphragm vented to the pitot air source, and the case is vented
to the static air system. As the airplane increases speed, the pitot air pressure increases, causing the
diaphragm to expand. A mechanical linkage picks up this motion and moves the instrument pointer to the
indicated speed. A second pointer on the instrument indicates the maximum allowable airspeed with
respect to altitude. The instrument is calibrated in miles per hour and also has the necessary operating range
markings for safe operation of the airplane.
10-15. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-ll.)
10-16. REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6.)
10-17. SENSITIVE ALTIMETER.
10-18. GENERAL. The altimeter indicates pressure altitude in feet above sea level. The indicator has three
pointers and a dial scale: the long pointer is read in hundreds of feet, the middle pointer in thousands of feet
and the short pointer in tens of thousands of feet. A barometric pressure window is located on the right side
of the indicator dial and is set by the knob located on the lower left corner of the instrument. The altimeter
consists of a sealed diaphragm that is connected to the pointers through a mechanical linkage. The instrument
case is vented to the static air system and as static air pressure decreases. the diaphragm expands. causing the
pointers to move through the mechanical linkage. The altimeters must be tested and inspected every 24
calendar months and comply with FAR's Part 91. Section 91.170 and Appendix E of Part 43.
10-19. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-III.)
10-21. RATE OF CLIMB INDICATOR.
10-22. GENERAL. The rate of climb indicator measures the rate of change in static pressure, and indicates
the rate of ascent or descent of the aircraft in feet per minute
10-23. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-IV.)
10-25. MAGNETIC COMPASS.
10-26. GENERAL. The magnetic compass is a self-contained instrument mounted overhead in line with
the windshield centerstrip. The instrument has an individual light which is connected to the instrument
lighting circuit.
10-27 TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-V.)

3F11
10-29. CABIN PRESSURIZATION INSTRUMENTS.
10-30. GENERAL. The cabin pressurization instruments consist of a combination cabin differential
pressure and cabin altitude gauge that indicates cabin altitude in feet and differential pressure between the
cabin and outside atmosphere. A cabin rate-of-climb instrument indicates the rate at which the cabin
altitude is changing in feet per minute.
10-31. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Section XIII or XIIIA.)
10-33. PNEUMATIC SYSTEM PRESSURE GAUGE.
10-34. GENERAL. The pneumatic system pressure gauge monitors the regulated pressure of the engine
compressor bleed air from the gas generator case. The gauge is mounted in the left instrument panel and is
calibrated from 0 to 25 psi.
10-35. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-VI.)
10-37. OIL PRESSURE GAUGE. (Wet Direct Reading and Electric)
10-38. GENERAL. The engine oil pressure gauge monitors engine oil pressure at the main oil pressure pump
in the accessory gearbox case. The gauge is calibrated from 0 to 125 pounds per square inch
10-39. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-VII.)
10-40. REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6.)
10-41. FUEL PRESSURE GAUGE. (Wet Direct Reading and Electric)
10-42. GENERAL. The fuel pressure gauges monitor fuel pressure at the fuel flow transmitter. The gauges
are mounted in the center instrument panel and are calibrated from 0 to 50 psi.
10-43. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-VIII.)
INSTRUMENTS
Reissued: 2/6/81
3F12
10-45. CLOCK.
10-46. GENERAL. The clock is an eight day timepiece. incorporating a stem wind with the knob at the lower
left hand side of the dial. Some aircraft are equipped with either an aircraft powered electrical digital clock or a
battery (AAA type) Quartz movement digital clock. Regardless of type clock installed, clocks are mounted on
the instrument panel.
10-48. INSTRUMENTS. (Electric)
10-49. OIL AND FUEL PRESSURE GAUGES. (Electric) (Refer to Paragraphs 10-37 through 10-41.)
10-50. ATTITUDE GYRO.
10-51. GENERAL. The attitude gyro is an electrically driven gyroscope rotating in a horizontal plane Due
to the gyroscopic inertia. the spin axis continues to point in the vertical direction. providing a constant visual
reference to the attitude of the aircraft relative to pitch and roll axis. A bar across the face of the indicator
represents the horizon. and aligning the miniature aircraft to the horizon bar simulates the alignment of the
aircraft to the actual horizon. Any deviation simulates the deviation of the aircraft from the true horizon. The
gyro horizon is marked for different degrees of bank.
10-52. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-IX.)
10-53 REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6.)
10-54. DIRECTIONAL GYRO
10-55. GENERAL The directional gyro is a flight instrument incorporating an electrically driven gyro
stabilized in the vertical plane Due to gyroscopic inertia. the spin axis continues to point in the same
direction even though the aircraft yaws to the right or left.
10-56 TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-X.)
10-58. TURN AND BANK INDICATOR
10-59 GENERAL. The turn and bank indicator is a self-contained gyroscopic flight instrument used to
indicate the attitude of the aircraft about the yaw and roll axis. The turn portion of the indicator mounted
in the pilot's instrument panel utilizes a vacuum driven gyroscope. while the turn portion of the copilot's
instrument indicator is electrically driven The vacuum turn and bank indicator is powered by vacuum
produced at the pressurization system ejector using unregulated engine bleed air The amount of vacuum
produced is a function of engine power level: therefore. a vacuum regulator controls gyro vacuum to 2.
inches of mercury
The bank portion of the indicator is a ball sealed in a curved glass tube filled with damping fluid. In an
improperly coordinated turn. the ball is forced from the center of the tube indicating attitude error.
10-60. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XI.)
INSTRUMENTS
Reissued: 2/6/81 3F13
10-61. ADJUSTMENT OF TURN AND BANK VACUUM REGULATOR.

a. Remove the center fuselage floor panel at station reference number 151.3. The regulator is mounted
on the bulkhead assembly at station 151.3 under the floor panel.
b. Remove the one-quarter inch flare tube cap from the test port fitting in the instrument line behind
the left side of the instrument panel.
c. Connect a vacuum test gauge to the test port. The test gauge must be capable of indicating at least
4 inches of Hg. with graduations of 0.1 inches Hg.
d. Activate the cabin pressurization test switch to remove vacuum from the isobaric valve while
adjusting the vacuum regulator.
e. Place the pressure control lever in the outside air position to prevent any pressurization of the
cabin that would effect the test gauge reading. Adjust the regulator using either of the following methods:
f. ENGINE OPERATING METHOD:
1. Start the engines and allow to stabilize.
2. Set the-power-levers to-obtain-80% (-Ng)-gas-generator-speed.
3. Disengage the locking tabs from the adjusting pin and adjust the regulator to obtain 2.1
inches Hg. at 80% Ng speed. Clockwise adjustment increases vacuum.
NOTE
One turn of the adjusting pin will change the vacuum reading about
0.35 inches Hg. and the gyro rate about 12 seconds.
g. SHOP AIR METHOD:

1. The regulator may be adjusted with the engines static by supplying sufficient shop air at 60 to
80 psi to the engine bleed line.
2. Disconnect the flexible hose connecting the engine bleed line in either nacelle at the forward
end of the hose.
3. Fabricate an adapter to connect the flexible hose to the source of shop air through a control
valve and pressure gauge. If insufficient air results in a pressure less than 60 psi, do not use this method to set
the vacuum regulator.
4. Adjust the regulator to obtain 2.1 inches Hg. Clockwise adjustment increases vacuum.
10-62. CHECKING PNEUMATIC CHECK VALVE.

a. Remove center floorboard just aft of main spar.
b. Locate the hose connecting the regulator to the ejector. Loosen the base clamp that attaches at the
inboard side of the right-hand longitudinal beam.
c. Detach and pull enough of the hose end from under the floor to gain access to its open end.
d. Insure that the existing check valve is installed with the word "HINGE" facing up.
e. Place the hose end against your mouth and blow lightly into the hose. The check valve (on the other
side of the regulator) should prevent any flow (toward instruments) with light pressure. If any leak is detected.
remove the check valve and obtain a new valve of the same part number. Before installation, blow lightly
through the valve to be sure it operates properly.
f. Install the new valve with the word "HINGE" facing up. Recheck the new valve per step g preceding.
g. Reinstall hose, hose clamp and center floorboard.
h. Check operation of the relief valve (7), Figure 10-4.
Reissued: 2/6/81 3F14 INSTRUMENTS

3F14
RED INDICATOR SHOWS WHEN

INSUFFICIENT VACUUM EXISTS.
REFER TO PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM

SCHEMATIC SECTION XIIIOR XIIIA
1. TURN AND BANK INDICATOR

2. VACUUM INDICATOR
3. VACUUM LINE - TO EJECTOR
4. REGULATOR
5. FILTER
6. FRESH AIR TUBE ASSEMBLY
7. TEST PORT (1/4 FLARE)
8. CHECK VALVE
Figure 10-4. Turn and Bank Vacuum System
3F15
10-64. AIR TEMPERATURE GAUGE.
10-65. GENERAL. The air temperature gauge is an electrically operated instrument that measure the
outside air temperature by means of a temperature bulb located in the lower left fuselage underneath the
cockpit. The electrical resistance of the temperature bulb varies directly as the outside air temperature. and
this resistance is indicated on the gauge in degrees Fahrenheit and Centigrade.
10-66. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XII.)
10-68. AMMETER.
10-69 GENERAL. The ammeters are located in the overhead instrument panel. and are connected in
series with the battery charging circuit. The ammeters measure the total current flow in the electrical
system.
10-70. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Section XI.)
10-71. REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6)
10-72. VOLTMETER.
10-73. GENERAL. The voltmeter is located in the overhead instrument panel. The meter indicates the
total voltage in the electrical system.
10-74 TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XIII.)
10-75. REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6)
10-76 FUEL QUANTITY GAUGE (DUAL).
10-77. GENERAL. The fuel quantity gauge is a dual needle type calibrated in pounds of fuel from 0 to
1400. The gauge indicates the amount of fuel using a capacitance probe type sending unit located in each
tank. (Refer to Section IX. Fuel System for guage calibration adjustments.)
10-78. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XIV.)
INSTRUMENTS
Reissued: 2/6/81
3F16
10-80. FUEL FLOW GAUGE.
10-81. GENERAL. The fuel flow gauge is an electrical instrument used in conjunction with a fuel flow
transmitter to provide an indication of the rate of fuel consumption in pounds per hour. The fuel flow
transmitter is mounted on the fire wall. and monitors the fuel flow to the fuel control inlet. The transmitter
generates an electrical signal which is then transmitted to the fuel flow gauge.
10-82. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XV.)
10-83 REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6.)
10-84. OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE.
10-85. GENERAL. The oil temperature gauge electrically monitors engine lubricating oil temperature
using a temperature bulb located at the delivery side of the main oil pressure pump in the accessory gearbox
case.
10-86 TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XVI.)
10-88 ENGINE TORQUE GAUGE.
10-89. GENERAL. The engine torque gauge monitors engine torque being produced by the power turbine
The torque pressure valve is obtained by tapping the two outlets on the top of the reduction gearbox case.
The pressure differential between the two outlets is monitored by a pressure transmitter. and then
transmitted to the torque gauge which is calibrated in lb-ft. Refer to Section VIII or VIIIA for torque system
calibration.
10-90. TROUBLESHOOTING (Refer to Table X-XVII.)
10-92. INTER-TURBINE TEMPERATURE GAUGE.
10-93. GENERAL. The inter-turbine temperature gauge monitors engine operating temperatures between
the compressor and power turbines. Ten individual thermocouple probes projected into the inter-turbine
inlet guide vanes provide the indicator with the engine operating temperature.
10-94. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XVIII.)
Revised: 9/23/81
INSTRUMENTS
3F17
10-96. TACHOMETER (PROPELLER).
10-97. GENERAL. The propeller tachometer monitors the speed of the propeller by means of a
tachometer generator mounted on the reduction gear box case. The tachometer generator provides an
electric current directly proportional to the speed of the propeller. The gauge is calibrated in revolutions
per minute from 0 to 2400.
10-98. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XIX.)
10-100. TACHOMETER (GAS GENERATOR).
10-101. GENERAL. The gas generator tachometer monitors the speed of the gas generator by means of a
tachometer generator mounted on the accessory gear box case. The tachometer generator provides an
electric current that is directly proportional to the speed of the gas generator. The gauge is calibrated in %
RPM with 100% being equivalent to 37.500 rpm.
10-102. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XIX.)
10-104 ENGINE HOUR RECORDER.
10-105. GENERAL. The engine hour recorder operates in conjunction with a pressure switch installed on
the engine. Engine oil pressure actuates the switch, thus recording actual running time regardless of engine
RPM.
10-106 TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XX.)
INSTRUMENTS
Reissued: 2/6/81
3F18
10-108. FLAP INDICATOR.
10-109. GENERAL. The wing flap indicator monitors the position of the flaps by means of a
potentiometer attached to the left flap.
10-110. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Section V, Surface Controls.)
10.III REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5 and 10-6.)
10-112. STALL MARGIN INDICATOR.
10-113. GENERAL. The stall margin indicator monitors a signal from a computer to indicate the position
of the angle of attack sensor vane mounted on the right side of the fuselage. The indicated reading
corresponds to the flight regimen of the aircraft. The instrument markings are as follows:
a. Red area - stall
b Red and black striped area - stall warning
c. Yellow area - slow
d. White area - approach on earlier gauges and 1.3 on new gauges.
e. Green area - cruise.
10-114. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Section XI.)
10-115. REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Paragraphs 10-5and 10-6.)
10-116. ANNUNCIATOR DISPLAY
10-117. GENERAL. The annunciator system provides audio visual indication as to the malfunction of
systems that are essential to the safe operation of the aircraft. The system consists of a master caution light.
an aural warning horn. an individual light cluster with a push to test switch for the entire system.
and an electronic sensing package which is connected to sensors on the following systems.
a. Engine fire warning (left and right)
b. Engine fire extinguisher inoperative (left and right)
c. Engine oil temperature (left and right)
d. Engine oil pressure (left and right)
e. Nose baggage door ajar
f Fuel pressure (left and right)
g. Cabin pressure
h. Generator inoperative (left and right)
i. Cabin door unsafe
j. Battery overtemperature
10-118. TROUBLESHOOTING. (Refer to Table X-XXI.)
10-120. STALL WARNING INDICATOR AND LIFT DETECTOR. (Refer to Section XI.)
10-121. REMOVAL OF LIFT DETECTOR. (Refer to Section XI.)
10-122. INSTALLATION OF LIFT DETECTOR. (Refer to Section XI.)
10-123. ADJUSTMENT OF LIFT DETECTOR. (Refer to Section XI.)

3F19
TABLE X-I. PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM
Tube does not heat or Circuit breaker popped. Reset.

clear itself of ice with
switch "ON." Open circuit. Repair.
Excessive voltage drop Check voltage at pitot

between battery at pitot head.
head.
Heating element burned Replace pitot head.

out.
Pointers of static in- Leak in instrument. case Check for leak and seal.
struments do not indi- or in pitot lines.
cate properly.
Airspeed indicator reads Leak in static line. Check for leak and seal.
high.
Low or sluggish airspeed Obstruction or leak in Remove static lines from

indication. pitot lines. all instruments, and blow
line clear from cockpit
to pitot head, check for
leaks.
Airspeed changes as air- Water in static line. Clear lines. (Refer to

craft is banked. Paragraph 10-9.)
3 F20
TABLE X-II. AIRSPEED INDICATOR
Pointers of static in- Leak in instrument case Check for leak and seal.
struments do not indi- or in pitot lines.
cate properly.
Pointer of instrument Defective mechanism. Replace instrument.

oscillates.
Instrument reads high. Pointer not on zero. Replace instrument.
Leaking static system. Find leak and correct.
Instrument reads low. Pointer not on zero. Replace instrument.
Leaking static system. Find leak and correct.
Pitot head not aligned Re-align pitot head.

correctly.
Airspeed changes as Water in pitot line. Remove lines from static

aircraft is banked. instruments and blow out
lines from cockpit to
pitot head.
3 F21
TABLE X-III. ALTIMETER
Excessive scale error. Improper calibration Replace instrument.

adjustment.
Excessive pointer os- Defective mechanism. Replace instrument.

cillation.
High or low reading. Improper venting. Eliminate leak in static

pressure system and check
alignment of airspeed tube.
Setting knob is hard Wrong lubrication or Replace instrument.

to turn. lack of lubrication.
Inner reference marker Out of engagement. Replace instrument.

fails to move when setting
knob is rotated.
Setting knob set screw Not tight when altimeter Tighten instrument screw,
loose or missing. was reset. if loose. Replace instru-
ment, if screw is missing.
Cracked or loose cover Case gasket hardened. Replace instrument.

glass.
Dull or discolored Age.

markings.
Barometric scale and ref- Slippage of mating parts. Replace instrument.

erence markers out of
synchronism.
Barometric scale and ref- Drift in mechanism. Reset pointers per the
erence markers out of syn- latest revision of AC 43.13-1.
chronism with pointers.
3F22
TABLE X-IV. RATE OF CLIMB INDICATOR
Pointer does not set on Aging of diaphragm. Reset pointer to zero by

zero. means of setting screw.
Tap instrument while re-
setting.
Pointer fails to re- Obstruction in static Disconnect all instruments

pond. line. connected to the static
line. Clear line.
Check individual instru-

ments for obstruction in
lines.
Pointer oscillates. Leaks in static lines. Disconnect all instruments

connected to the static
line. Check individual
instruments for leaks. Re-
connect instruments to
static line and test in-
stallation for leaks.
Defective mechanism. Replace instrument.
Rate of climb indicates Water in static line. Disconnect static lines

when aircraft is banked. and blow out lines from
cockpit out to pitot head.
Pointer has to be set Temperature compensator Replace instrument.

before every flight. inoperative.
Pointer cannot be reset Diaphragm distorted. Replace instrument.

to zero.
Instrument reads very Case of instrument Replace instrument.

low during climb or broken or leaking.
descent.
3F23
TABLEX-V. MAGNETICCOMPASS
Excessive card error. Compass not properly Compensate instrument.

compensated.
External magnetic Locate magnetic interference

interference. and eliminate if possible.
Excessive card os- Insufficient liquid. Replace instrument.

cillation.
Card sluggish. Weak card magnet. Replace instrument.
Excessive pivot friction Replace instrument.

or broken jewel.
Liquid leakage. Loose bezel screws. Replace instrument.
Broken cover glass. Replace instrument.
Defective sealing Replace instrument.

gaskets.
Discolored markings. Age. Replace instrument.
Defective light. Burned out lamp or Check lamp or continuity

broken circuit. of wiring.
Card sticks. Altitude compensating Replace instrument.

diaphragm collapsed.
Card does not move when The gears that turn Replace instrument.
compensating screws are compensating magnets
turned. are stripped.
3F24
TABLE X-VI. PNEUMATIC SYSTEM PRESSURE GAUGE
No indication on pressure Disconnected, broken or Locate trouble and correct.

gauge. restricted lines.
Faulty gauge. Malfunc- Replace gauge. Check op-

tioning pressure eration of pressure regu-
regulator. lator.
Low pressure indication. Pressure regulator Adjust pressure regulator.

valve incorrectly ad- Check compressor bleed
justed. System leakage. valve, fittings and lines.
High pressure indication. Pressure regulator valve Adjust pressure regulator.

incorrectly adjusted.
TABLE X-VII. ENGINE OIL PRESSURE GAUGE (WET DIRECT READING AND ELECTRIC)
Excessive error at zero. Pointer loose on shaft. Replace instrument.
Over-pressure or seasoning
of bourdon tube.
Excessive scale. Improper calibration ad- Replace instrument

justment.
Sluggish operation or Engine relief valve open. Check and clean

pointer or pressure fails
to build up
Defective instrument. Replace instrument.
WET DIRECT READING ONLY

Excessive pointer oscilla- Improper damping or rough Disconnect line and drain.
tion. engine relief valve. Check for leaks. If trouble
persists, clean and adjust
relief valve.

3G1
TABLE X-VIII. FUEL PRESSURE GAUGE (WET DIRECT READING AND ELECTRIC)
No fuel pressure indication. Defective fuel boost pump. Check for fuel flow at
fire wall shutoff valve.
Defective gauge. Replace gauge.
WET DIRECT READING ONLY
Needle fluctuation. Air in line. Purge line of air and re-

tighten.
TABLE X-IX. ATTITUDE GYRO (ELECTRIC)
Bar fails to respond. No electrical circuit. Check circuit breaker.

Check voltage at instrument.
Bar does not settle. Excessive vibration. Check shock mounts.

Replace if necessary.
Bar oscillates or Excessive vibration. Check shock mounts.

shimmies continuously. Replace if necessary.

3G2
TABLE X-X. DIRECTIONAL GYRO (ELECTRIC)
Instrument fails to No electrical circuit. Checkck circuit breaker and

respond. wiring
ng. Check voltage at
instr ument.
Excessive drift in Excessive vibration. Check
ck shock mounts.
either direction.
Defective instrument. lace instrument.

Replace
Dial spins continuously Defective mechanism. Replace

lace instrument.
I

3G3
TABLE X-XI. TURN AND BANK INDICATOR

I
Turn indicator fails to Foreign matter lodged in Replace instrument.
respond. instrument.
No electrical circuit. Checck for voltage at

instr ument.
Incorrect sensitivity. Misadjustment of sensitivity Adjuust by means of sensi-

spring. tivityy spring screw. If this
pulls the pointer from zero,
replaace instrument.
Turn indicator does no t set Gimbal and rotor assembly lace instrument.
Replace instrument
on zero. out of balance.
Pointer incorrectly set on lace instrument.

Replace instrument
its staff.
Sensitivity adjustment pulls lace instrument.

Replace instrument.
pointer off zero.
Vibrating turn indicator.

or. Gimbal and rotor assembly lace instrument.
Replace instrument
out of balance.
Pitted or worn pivots or Replace

lace instrument.
instrument
bearings.
Ball sticks. Flat spot on ball. lace instrument.

Replace instrument.
Turn indicator fails to Insufficient vacuum. Check

ck filter and replace if
respond. necessary. Check for leaks
or plugged ejector.
luggedejector.
Turn and bank indicat or Positive pressure in vacuum :k for plugged

Check plugged ejector
cover glass broken. system. and refer to paragraph
10-62.
Turn indicator will not Regulator incorrectly ck adjustment.

Check
indicate proper turn rarate. adjusted.
Faulty gyro. Replace gyro.

lace gyro.

3G4
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLE X-XII. AIR TEMPERATURE GAUGE
Gauge inoperative. Poor electrical connec- Check connections and

tion. tighten.
Incorrect reading. Defective temperature Replace bulb.

bulb.
Instrument out of cal- Replace instrument.

ibration.
TABLE X-XIII. VOLTMETER
Meter inoperative or Poor electrical connec- Check connections and

erratic. tions. tighten.
Meter does not indicate Meter out of calibration. Replace with a calibrated
properly. meter.
TABLE X-XIV. FUEL QUANTITY GAUGE
Fuel gauge fails to Broken wiring. Check and repair.

indicate.
Gauge indicates in- Gauge not calibrated Calibrate gauge. Refer to

correctly. properly. Section IX.

3G5
TABLEX-XV. FUEL FLOWGAUGE
Gauge inoperative or Defective electrical cir- Check circuit breaker and

erratic. cuit. wiring.
Faulty electrical con- Check connections and

nections. tighten.
Defective transmitter. Replace transmitter.
Gauge fluctuates. Worn or defective fuel Replace fuel control unit

control unit drive. and/or drive.
TABLE X-XVI. OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE
Instrument fails to Faulty electrical con- Check wiring to instrument

show any reading. nection. and tighten connections.
Defective temperature Replace bulb.

bulb.
Excessive scale error. Improper calibration ad- Replace instrument.

justment.

366
TABLE X-XVII. ENGINE TORQUE GAUGE
Gauge inoperative or Defective electrical cir- Check circuit breaker and

erratic. cuit. wiring.
Faulty electrical con- Check connections and

nections. tighten
Defective pressure trans- Replace transmitter.

mitter.
Defective gauge. Check transmitter resis-

tance*. then replace gauge
Gauge out of calibra- Pressure transmitter not Calibrate pressure trans-

tion. adjusted correctly. mitter. (Refer to Section
VIlI or VIIIA.)
Gauge fluctuates. Propeller governor not Adjust. (Refer to Section

adjusted correctly. VIII or VIIIA.)
Propeller feedback ring Check feedback ring for

or low pitch stop rods run out and rods for
binding. free travel.
Gauges read low. Engine torquemeter sys- If engine torquemeter

tem defective. system is verified de-
fective. return power
section to overhaul
facility.
*Early Bendix P N 489 410 pins A to C should read about 19ohms. D.C..and any pair of A. B. and D
should read about 6 ohms. D.C.
Later Bendix P N 489 442 has a primary winding between A and B and two secondary windings
between A and C or A and D ... primary impedance is 85 ohms at 400 hz (roughly 45 ohms D.C.). and
secondary impedance is 1700ohms at 400 hz (roughly 750 ohms D.C.) ... most ohmmeters read D.C
ohms.
Revised:1/5/84 INSTRUMENTS
3G7
TABLEX-XVIII. INTER-TURBINETEMPERATUREGAUGE
Gauge inoperative. Faulty connections. Check connections and

tighten.
Gauge-does-not-indi- - - Temperature-system-de- -- Check-thermocouples,

cate properly. fective. harness and bus-bar.
Repair or replace
faulty units.
Gauge not properly Replace with a cali-

calibrated. brated unit.
TABLE X-XIX. TACHOMETER (PROPELLER)
Tachometer inoperative Defective indicator or Replace indicator or

or erratic. tachometer generator. tachometer generator.
Loose connection, open Check continuity of wires.

or grounded circuit. Replace defective wires.
Defective tachometer Replace drive mechanism.

generator drive
mechanism.

3G8
TABLE X-XX. ENGINE HOUR RECORDER
Meter inoperative. Defective electrical cir- Check connections and

cuit. wiring.
Defective pressure switch. Rreplace switch.
Defective meter. RReplace meter.
TABLE X-XXI. ANNUNCIATOR DISPLAY
Annunciator display No power to instrument. Check circuit breaker

inoperative. and wiring connections.
Defective sensor unit. Check voltage at Pin 17

at instrument connection,
if none replace sensor
unit.
False indication on an Grounded circuit. Check individual sensor

individual annunciator for continuity to ground,
function. if grounded replace sensor.
Individual annunciator Defective sensor. Replace sensor.

functions do not indi-
cate a malfunction on Defective light bulb. Replace bulb.
the annunciator display.
Warning horn inoperative. Faulty electrical Check connections and

connection. tighten.
Defective horn. Replace horn.
3G9
3G10THRU 3L24
AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD4 OF8
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2,1984
PARTNUMBER
753826 4A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997

PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
PA-31TI, CHEYENNE I
Serial Numbers-31T-8304001-to-31-T-8304003inclusive;
Example. 2J16 Aerofiche card number two of given set, Grid location J 16.
I. At the beginning of Aerofiche Card No. 1:
additions are not identified by revision lines

CR810206 February 6, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
IR860220 February 20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30, 1986 3
IR860821 August 21, 1986 1
IR871009 June 15, 1988 2
IR900313 March 13, 1990 1
IR941019 October 19, 1994 1 and 2
IR950320 March 20, 1995
IR971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8

Aerofiche card set (Cards I - 8) and replace it with the revised Aerofiche
manual.

SECTIONINDEX
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROFICHECARD-NO.2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 3
IX FUEL SYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 4
AEROFICHECARD NO. 5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
AEROFICHECARD NO. 6
AEROFICHECARD NO. 7
( PA-31T AND PA-31T1 ) 7A5
AEROFICHECARD NO. 8
4A4
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
11-1. Switch and Circuit Breaker Panels ................................................... ............. 4A 16

11-2. Exploded View of D.C. Starter-Generator ................................ ....................... 4A19
11-3. Correct Position of Brushes and Springs ........... ............................................ 4B1
11-4. Electrical Connections of Starter-Generator ............. ......... .... ..................... 4B1
11-5. Paralleling Voltage Chart ............................................................................. 4B2
11-5a. Position of Auxilec Tool for Blowing Out Carbon Dust From
Auxilec Starter-Generator ................................ ..... .... ...................... 4B8
11-6. Starter-Generator (Auxilec, Inc.) ................................ ......... .... ............... 4B12
11-7. Brush Shunts Positioning ................................ .......................................... 4B13
11-8. Dimension Check of Shaft Drive Sinking ............. ......... .... ........................ 4B 14
11-9. Locating Washer ................................................... ................................. 4B14
11-10. Locating Drive Shaft ........................................ .... ............................ 4B14
11-11. Brush Running in Diagram ............. ......... .... ......... .... ..................... 4B 16
11-1la. Autostart Electrical Float Diagram .................................................................. 4B22
11-12. Cell Layout-Nickel Cadmium Battery .............................................................. 4C5
11-13. Patch Harness ................................................... .................................... 4C8
11-14. Wiring Diagram Pre-Closed Loop Test ............................................................. 4C9
11-15. Wiring Diagram Automatic Line Contactor Test................................................ .4C9
11-15a. Electro Delta Wiring Diagram ............................. ... ...... ................... 4C11
11-16. Wiring Diagram Test of Overvoltage Relay ................................... 4C 15
11-17. Landing and Taxi Lights ........................................ 4C15
11-18. Wing Inspection Light ............................. .......... .. ........................... 4C21
11-18a. Logo Light Assembly Adjustments ................................ ............................. 4D3
11-19. Door-Ajar Switch ................................................................. 4D4
11-20. Stability Augmentation System Layout Diagram ........................... ................ 4D13
11-21. S.A.S. Servo Motor ............................................... .............................. 4D17
11-22. S.A.S. Computer ................................................................................... 4D19
11-23. S.A.S. Angle of Attack Vane with Check Equipment Installed .................................. 4D22
11-24. S.A.S. Stall Warning Margin Indicator ............................................................. 4D23
11-25. S.A.S. Stability Augmentator Emergency Override System ................................ ... 4E5
11-25a A.O.A. Sensor Schematic ............................................... ....................... 4E9
11-26. W ing Flap Switch ............................................... ................................ 4E18
11-27. Safety Switch Function ............................................... .......................... 4E 8
11-28. Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems (Early Models) (Typical) ................................. 4E20
11-29. Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems (PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001
and up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 and up) (Typical)................................... 4E21
11-30. Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems (PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166001 and up)
(Typical) ................................ ......... .... ..................................... 4E22
11-31. Component Location, Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf (Early Models)............ 4E23
11-32. Component Location. Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf
(PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up)...............4E24
(PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166001 and up) ........................... .......... .. ......... 4F1
11-34 Forward Electrical Panel Locations, Cheyenne IA ......... ........... .. ................ 4F2
Revised: 7/2/84 4A5

LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No.
XI-I. New Lightweight W ire Vs. Old W ire ............................................................. 4A13

XI-Ia. W ire Resistance U.S. Length ......................................................................... 4A16
XI-Ib. Starter-Generator Test Specifications (Lear-Siegler) ............................................. 4A21
XI-II. Inspection of Components ........................................................................... 4A22
XI-III. Starter-Generator Test Specifications ............................................................... 4B5
XI-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Starter-Generator) ......................... ............................... 4B 12
XI-V Troubleshooting Chart-(-Electrical-System)...... . .......... ..... ................ 4E-I -0
XI-VI. Circuit Load Chart ................................................................................... 4E14
XI-VII. Lamp Replacement Guide ........................................................................... 4E17
LIST OF CHARTS
Aerofiche
Chart Grid No.
11-1. S.A . S. Angle R elationships ......................................................................... 4E8
4A6 Revised: 7/2/84

SECTION XI
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
11-1. Introduction .............................................................. 4A13

11-2 Description ............................................................... 4A13
11-2a. Cheyenne IA and IIXL Light Weight Wiring ................................. 4A13
11-3 Troubleshooting ............................................ ............. 4A 14
11-3a. Finding Bad Electrical Connections and Poor Ground Bonding......... 4A15
11-3b Maintenance of Electrical Contacts (Pins and Sockets)................. 4A17
11-4. Starter-Generator System (Lear-Siegler. Inc.) .............. .................. 4A18
11-5. Description and Operation ......................................... 4A18
11-6. Checking Starter-Generator System ................................. 4A18
11-7. Adjustments.................... ........................ 4A20
11-8. Starter-Generator Service Test Specifications ......................... 4A20
11-9. Overhaul ................................................. 4A20
11-10. Disassembly ............................ ............. . .. . 4A20
11- 11 Cleaning ............ . .................. ............. . .. . 4A21
11-12. Inspection ...................................... ............. 4A21
11-13 Repair and Replacement .......................... ............. 4A24
11-14 Reassembl> ..................................... 4B2
11-15 Starter-Generator System (Auxilec. Inc.)..................... ............. . . . .
4B3
11-16 Description and Operation ........................ .............
4B3
11-17. Checking Starter-Generator System ................ ............. . .. .
4B3
11-18 Adjusments ..................................... ............. . .. .
4B4
11-19 Starter-Generator Serxice Test Specifications ........ .. . . . . . . . . . . ................
. . . .
4B5
11-20. Overhaul ....................................... ............. . .. .
4B5
11-21 Disassembly ..................................... 4B5
11-22 Cleaning.......................................... .......... 4B7
I -22a Removing Carbon Dust From Auxilec Starter-Generator .............. 4B7
11-23. Inspection Checks.................................... 4B9
11-24 Reassembly ........................................ 4B10
11-25. Brush Running In............................................... 4B15
11-26 Fits and Clearances ............................................... 4B18
11-27 Inspection and Testing of Components .............................. 4B18
1l-27a Starter-Generator System (Auxilec 8012C1: Autostart) (PA-31TI S N's
31T-8304001 to 31T-8304003. and 31T-1 104004 and up: PA-31T2 S N's
S N's 31T-1 166001 and up) ............................................... 4B19
11-27b Description and Operation ......................................... 4B19
11-27c Starter-Generator Operation and Field Weakening .................... 4B21
11-27d Adjustments to Autostart Electrical Systems .......................... 4B24
11-28. Battery ................................................................... 4C2
11-29. Removal of Battery .............................................. 4C3
11-30. Installation of Batter ............................................. 4C3
11-31 Testing Battery Temperature Sensor ................................. 4C3
Revised: 7/2/84
4A7
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
11-32 Starting Through External Power ................................... 4C3

11-33. Auto Ignition (Optional) ........................................... 4C4
1 1-34. Description of Operation .......................................... 4C4
11-35. Removal of the Ground Start Relays ................................ 4C4
11-36. Installation of the Ground Start Relays ............................. 4C4
11-37. DC Control Panel ......................................................... 4C6
11-38. Description and Operation ........................................ 4C6
11-39. Checking DC Control Panel ....................................... 4C6
11-40. Adjusting DC Control Panel ....................................... 4C6
11-41. DC Control Panel Reverse Current Test ............................. 4C8
11-42. Removal of DC Control Panel ..................................... 4C9
11-43 -Bench-Test-of-DC-Control Panel-(Lear-Seigler) .............. 4C10
11-43a. Bench Test of DC Control Panel (Electro Delta) ...................... 4C11
11-44. Installation of DC Control Panel ................................... 4C12
11-44a. Bus Feeder Check (31T-8120001 and up; 31T-8104001 and up;
and 31T-8166001 and up) ........................................... 4C13
I I-44b. Testing for Open Diodes ........................................... 4C13
11-44c. Test for Shorted Diodes ........................................... 4C13
11-45 Overvoltage Control ....................................................... 4C14
11-46. Purpose and Operation ............................................ 4C14
11-47. Overvoltage Relay Operational Check ............................... 4C14
11-48. Removal of Overvoltage Relay ..................................... 4C14
11-49. Bench Test of Overvoltage Relay .................................... 4C15
11-50. Installation of Overvoltage Relay ........................ ........... 4C15
11-51 Overload Sensor ................................................ ........... 4C15
11-52. Description of Overload Sensor.......................... ........... 4C15
11-53. Removal of Overload Sensor ............................ ........... 4C16
11-54. Installation of Overload Sensor .......................... ........... 3C16
11-55. Electrical Switches and Circuit Breakers ........................... ........... 4C 16
11-56. Description of Overhead Switches ....................... ........... 4C16
11-57. Removal of Overhead Switches ......................... ........... 4C16
11-58. Installation of Overhead Switches ....................... ........... 4C17
11-59 Description of Circuit Breaker and Switch Panel ........... ........... 4C17
11-60. Removal of Circuit Breakers (Wired Type) ................ ........... 4C17
11-61. Installation of Circuit Breakers (Wired Type) .............. ........... 4C 18
11-62. Removal and Installation of Plug-In Circuit Breakers...... ........... 4C18
11-63. Removal and Installation of Toggle Switches .............. ........... 4C 18
11-64. Oil Cooler System .............................................. ........... 4C18
11-65 Description ........................................... ........... 4C18
11-66 Removal of Oil Cooler Door Indicator Lights ............. ........... 4C 18
11-67 Installation of Oil Cooler Door Indicator Lights ........... ........... 4C19
11-68 Deicer System ............................................................. 4C19
11-69. Description and Operation ......................................... 4C19
11-70. Removal of Deicer Control Relays .................................. 4C19
11-71. Installation of Power Control Relay................................. 4C19
11-72. Installation of Motor Control Relay ................................. 4C20
11-73. Removal of Deicer Timer .......................................... 4C20
11-74. Installation of Deicer Timer ........................................ 4C20
11-75 Landingig and Taxi and Wing Ice Inspection Lights ............................. 4C20
11-76. Description ...................................................... 4C20
Revised:3/23/84 4A8
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
Removal of Landing and Taxi Light ................................ 4C20

11-78
11-78 Adjustment ..................................................... 4C20
11-79. Installation of Landing and Taxi Light .............................. 4C22
11-80. Removal of the Wing Ice Inspection Light ........................... 4C22
11-81. Installation of the Wing Ice Inspection Light ......................... 4C22
11-82. Positio n Lights ............................................................ 4C22
11-83. Description ...................................................... 4C22
11-84. Removal of Wing Position Lights ................................... 4C23
11-85. Installation of Wing Position Lights................................. 4C23
11-86. Removal of Tail Position Light ..................................... 4C23
11-87. Installation of Tail Position Light ................................... 4C23
11-88 Strobe Lights ............................................................. 4C23
11-89. Description ...................................................... 4C23
1-90. Removal of Wing Tip Strobe Light ................................. 4C23
11-91. Installation of Wing Tip Strobe Light ............................... 4C23
1-92 Removal of Tail Strobe Light ...................................... 4C24
1 1-93. Installation of Tail Strobe Light .................................... 4C24
1-94 Removal of Wing Tip Strobe Power Supply .......................... 4C24
11-95. Installation of Strobe Wing Tip Power Supply ....................... 4C24
11-96. Removal of Tail Strobe Power Supply ............................... 4C24
11-97. Installation of Tail Strobe Power Supply......... ................... 4C24
11-98 Removal of Tip Tank Recognition Light ......... .................... 4C24
11-99. Troubleshooting.................................................. 4DI
11-100. Wing Strobe and Position Lights ................................... 4D2
11-101. Removal of Wing Strobe and Position Light Assemblies ............... 4D2
11-102. Installation of Wing Strobe and Position Light Asseblies ............... 4D2
11-102a Logo Lights hts ............................................................... 4D3
11-102b Logo Lamp Replacement .......................................... 4D3
11-102c. Logo Lights Adjustment........................................... 4D3
11-103. Door Ajar Switches ........................................................ 4D4
11-104 Description ...................................................... 4D4
11-105 Removal of Door Ajar Switches .................................... 4D4
11-106. Installation of Door Ajar Switches .................................. 4D5
11-107 Adjustment of Door Ajar Switches .................................. 4D5
11-108. Interior L ligh ts ............................................................ 4D5
11-109. Removal of Dome Lights .......................................... 4D5
11-110. Installation of Dome Light ........................................ 4D5
11-111 Removal of Overhead Reading Lights ............................... 4D5
Installation of Overhead Reading Lights ............................. 4D6
11-113. Courtesy Lights (On Time Delay) ............................................ 4D6
11-114 Description of Operation .......................................... 4D6
11-115 Removal of the Time Delay Timer .................................. 4D6
11-116 Installation of the Time Delay Timer ................................ 4D6
11-117. Instrument Lights.......................................................... 4D6
11-118 Description of Operation for the Solid State Dimmer Assembly
(Earlier Models)................................................ 4D6
11-119. Description of Operation for the Solid State Dimmer Assembly
(Later Models) ................................................ 4D7
11-120 Removal of Solid State Dimmers (Earlier Models) .................... 4D7
11-121. Installation of Solid State Dimmers (Earlier Models) .................. 4D7
11-122 Removal of Solid State Dimmer (Later Models) ...................... 4D8
Revised:3/23/84 4A9
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
11-123 Installation of Solid State Dimmers (Later Models) ................... 4D8

11-124. Removal of Dimmer Slide Controls (Later Models) ................... 4D8
11-125. Installation of Dimmer Slide Controls (Later Models) ................. 4D8
11-126. Adjustment of Solid State Dimmer (Later Models) .................... 4D8
11-127. Removal of Power Supply for Electroluminescent Panels .............. 4D8
11-128. Installation of Power Supply for Electroluminescent Panels ............ 4D9
11-129. Troubleshooting Procedure for the Solid State Dimmer Assemblies...... 4D9
11-130. Annunciator Panel ........................................................ 4D9
11-131 Annunciator Controller .................................................... 4D9
11-132. Description of Operation .......................................... 4D9
11-133. Removal of Annunciator Controller ................................ 4D9
11-134. Installation of Annunciator Controller ............................... 4D9
11-135. Annunciator Panel Lamp Replacement .............................. 4D10
11-136. Annunciator Panel (Oil Temperature Indicator) Adjustment
Procedure ........................................................ 4D10
11-137 No Smoking Fasten Seat Belt Annunciator .......................... 4D11
11-138. No Smoking Fasten Seat Belt AnnunciatorLamp Replacement ......... 4D11
11-139. Chimes. No Smoking. Fasten Seat Belt Annunciator .................. 4D11
11-140. Purpose ......................................................... 4D11
11-141. Removal of the Chimes Assembly ..................... 4D11
11-142 Installation of the Chimes Assembly .................. 4DII
11-143. Stall Warning System ........................................ 4D12
. . . . . . . .
11-144. Description and Operation ........................... 4D12
. .. .. .. .
11-145. Removal of Lift Detector ............................ 4D12
. .. .. .. .
11-146 Installation of Lift Detector .......................... 4D12
11-147 Adjustment of Lift Detector .......................... 4D12
11-148 Stability Augmentation System ................................ .............. 4D14
11-149. Description of Stability Augmentation System .......... . . ...... ... . . . . 4D 14
11-150 Removal of Computer ............................... 4D14
11-151. Installation of Computer ............................. · .. ..... . . . 4D14
. .. .. .
11-152. Removal of Angle of Attack Sensor Vane .............. 4D15
. .. .. .
11-153 Installation of Angle of Attack Sensor Vane............ · . .
.........
o ......
. . . . . 4D15
......... . .. .. .
4D15
11-154. Removal of Stall Margin Indicator .................... .........
. . .. .....
11-155. Installation of Stall Margin Indicator .................. . .. .. . 4D15
. . .. .....
11-156 Removal of Servo Motor ............................ . .. .. . 4D15
. . .. .....
11-157. Installation of Servo Motor .......................... . .. .. . 4D16
. . .. .....
11-158. Removal of Test Switch ............................. . .. .. . 4D16
11-159 Installation of Test Switch ......................................... 4D16
11-160. Removal of SAS Warning Lights ................................... 4D16
11-161 Installationof SAS Warning Lights .................................. 4D17
11-167 Removal of Stall Warning Lights ................................... 4D18
11-163. Installation of Stall Warning Light .................................. 4D 18
11-164. Removal of Stall Warning Flasher .................................. 4D18
11-165. Installation of Stall Warning Flasher ................................ 4D 18
11-166. Removal of Stall Warning Horn .................................... 4D18
11-162 Installation of Stall Warning Horn .................................. 4D20
11-168. Piper Stability Augmentation System Calibration Procedure .................... 4D20
11-169. SAS in Flight Check .............................................. 4E1
11-170. SAS Post Flight Check ............................................ 4E2
11-171. SAS Calibration Procedure Summary .. ............................. 4E3
Revised:3/23/84 4A10
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No
11-172 Stability Augmentator Emergency Override System .................... 4E4

11-173 A O A Sensor Vane Potentiometer and Heater Element Checks ........ 4E6
11-174
11-174. Replacement of Elevator SAS Down Spring.......................... 4E7
NOTE
Serial Number Identification History for the PA-31T, PA-31TI and

PA-31T-2 is located on Grid 4A3.
Revised: 7/2/84
4A11
4A12
11-1. INTRODUCTION. This section contains information to assist in servicing the electrical power
distribution systems and components Electrical schematics are found in Chapters 7 and 8.
11-2 DESCRIPTION The electrical system is 28 V.D.C., negative ground. powered by a nickel cadmium
battery and two 6-kilowatt starter generators. External power provisions satisy ground operational require-
ments
Typical power distribution system diagrams of each model are provided in Figures: 11-28. 11-29 and
11-30. All are of split-bus design. with individual circuit protection and separate pilot accessible bus-tie circuit
breakers. including diode protection. providing operational flexibility during single engine or single alternator
operation.
Shelf mounted accessory relay panels centralize these functions for efficient service. All electrical power
distribution switches and circuit breakers are within reach of the pilot within the cockpit environment
All Lighting is 24 V D.C. powered. except for high voltage anti-collision strobes and 400 Hertz A.C
powered electroluminescent (E.L.) panels and placard lighting. The strobe power supplies and E.L. inverter
are sourced from 28 V D C. aircraft bus power. For switch and circuit breaker panels refer to Figure 11-1
1l-2a CHEYENNE IA AND CHEYENNE II XL LIGHTWEIGHT WIRING (MIL-W-81044 9- ).

This new wiring has a higher temperature resistance. thinner diameter and greater resistance to chafing. The
new wiring also allows the use of heat shrink type covering.
The new wiring may be used in place of the old type. but the older type should not be used to replace the
newer type
TABLE XI-I NEW LIGHTWEIGHT WIRE VS. OLD WIRE

SINGLE CONDUCTORWIRE
I IGHT WEIGHT WIRF O1D WIRE
PIPFR (ODE DESCRIPTION
Revised: 7/2/84 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

4A13
TABLE XI-1 NEW LIGHTWEIGHT WIRE VS. OLD WIRE (cont.)

SHIELDED WIRE
OR
MIL-W-81044 12 WITH SHIEI DING AND
JACKETING PER MIL-C-27500
PIPER CODE CONDUCTOR PIPER CODE

NUMBER SIZE (AWG) NUMBER
153412 12 153061
153 056
153 119
153 120
153 125
153 121
153 126
11-3 TROUBLESHOOTING Troubles peculiar to the electrical system are listed in Table XI-Valong ith
their probable cause and suggested remedies. The diagrams located at the end of this section will give a
physical breakdown of the different electrical circuits used in the airplane. See Chapter XV for an index to the
Electrical Schematics
After the trouble has been corrected. check entire electrical system for security and operation of its
components
Added:1/5/84 4A14 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

4A14
11-3a. FINDING BAD ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS AND POOR GROUND BONDING. When an
electrical system (like a starter system) just doesn't perform quite right, even after all the obvious things (like
rebuilding the starter) have been done. consider the wires and connections ofjust that system. Hard starting or
generators and alternators that won't stay parallel, or other mysterious cases of electrical grief, are often
caused by bad electrical connections. These look good, when checked with a volt,' ohm meter, but show up bad,
when measured in thousandths of an ohm, or milliohms. Therefore, the mechanic needs two things:
1. Equipment to measure resistance in milliohms, within +, -20% accuracy.
2. An ability to judge how many milliohms is too many, to identify trouble.
The average shop already has (or can get) a digital volt meter that will read a 12 volt battery in four
significant figures (like "12.62" volts). The only other thing needed, and not already there, is a set of special
twin strand test leads (40' of Piper P N 153 419 wire), and a table of wire resistance values. A picture of the test
equipment hook up and a table of resistance values follow. See Figure 24-1 and Chart 2402.
a How to judge:
1. Each connection will usually measure 1 milliohm or less (certainly not more than 3 milliohms:
that includes the connection between wire strands and a terminal crimped on to those strands. or between a
connection stud and a terminal fastened on to it with washers and nuts.
2 Measure between aircraft battery minus terminal, and engine case or alternator or starter
ground. and expect about 3 milliohms or less.
3. 3 milliohms is typical for each length of heavy gauge (bigger around than a pencil) starter or
alternator power wire
4. The whole fuselage will probably measure 3 milliohms or less, from end to end.
5 Don't measure through a small fuse. . . the 10 amp test current would blow small fuses (It is
practical to turn down the test current to 5 amp and then double the measured voltage, to safely measure a 10
amp fuse circuit.)
6. Nearly every normal resistance over 3 milliohms will be due to the resistance of ire. as shown
on the chart Determine the wire gauge (usually shown on Piper electrical schematics) and estimate the length
of each ire to be measured. Then. use the resistance table to estimate, within 20%. how many milliohms each
wire should measure.
Write down a list of the wires and connections to be measured, followed by how many milliohms are
measured. Look at the whole list to see which measurement looks far (50%(or more) above what was estimated
or expected if the measurement is excessive. there will usually be a loose nut. dirty washer, loose or dirty crimp
where terminal was crimped on a wire. or a set of bad switch contacts. A wire could be frayed in the middle, but
the trouble will usually be at one end of a wire.
Terminals crimped on the ends of heavy aluminum cables may be really good at one end. and really bad. at
the other end. Measure a bad wire from exposed wire strands to the terminal crimped to them. Clean.recrimp.
replace. tighten. and rework suspected connections until you can account for at least 2 3 of all the milliohms
in each measurement. Then if trouble persists, it is elsewhere.
Added: 3/23/84 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

4A15
PIPER CHEYENNE SERVICE MANUAL.
TABLE. XI-la. WIRE RESISTANCE

Copper Wire
Diameter ft per Gauge Resistance in Milliohms per Foot (m /ft )
Sol Wire 100 No 68°F/20°C 32°F/0°C 122°F/50 C 167 F/75 C
020" 3 9' 24 25 67 m 23 65 28 70 31 22
025" 62' 22 1614 14.87 18.05 19 63
032" 10' 20 10
040" 16' 18 64
051" 25' 16 40 Times Wire and Cable Co. brand RG-58A U
064" 37' 14 25 Coax value:
080" 63' 12 16 Center conductor = 12.6 milliohm/foot
102" 100' 10 10 Shield = 4.11 milliohm/foot
129" 159' 8 63
162" 253' 6 40
204" 403' 4 25
258" 640' 2 16
289" 807' 1 12
325" 1018' 0 098
365" 1283' 00 078
Aluminum Wire
289" 492'
365" 782'
DIGITAL VOLTMETER
SET TO READ
HUNDREDTHS OF A VO
SECOND LEAD (USE 1 999 VDC SCALE
D161 OFF. READ READ 1 MILLIOHM
SUPPLY VDC
SECOND LEAD
ON READ
MILLIOH MS
POWER SUPPLY ADJUSTED FOR 10 AMPS DRAWN.
WHILE BOTH LEADS ARE MOMENTARILY CONNEC-
TED. A 12 VOLT CYCLE AUTO. ORAIRCRAFT BATTERY
WILL DRAW ABOUT 10 AMPS WITH THSES LEADS, BLACK
TWO TWIN LEADS EACH MADE FROM 20' OF 24 GA

TWISTED
PAIR P N 153 419
SOLDERED 0N
16 GA =8 RING
TERMINAL
AMP 41099 OR
PiPER 488 406 SAMPLE CABLE TO MEASURE
(100" OF 2/0 A L WIRE MEASURED 1 3 M )
SOLDERED ON
16 GA #8 RING
TERMINAL
BASIC PRINCIPLE R = 002 OHM (2 MILLIOHM) AMP 41099 OB
I 10 AMP
PIPER488 406
Figure 1 l-1. Kelvin Low Resistance Bridge
Revised: 7/12/84 SYSTEM

ELECTRICAL
4A16
11-3b. MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL CONTACTS (PINS AND SOCKETS). Inspect and treat tin-
plated (silver or gray in color) connector terminals as follows:
a. Test each socket in the connector for looseness by using a smooth straight standard .062 inch
diameter pin. Keep pin coated with contact lubricant, Piper Part Number 764 657. (Refer to consumable
materials list for vendor.)
b. Insert the test pin fully to the bottom of the socket and push to insure the socket is secure in the
connector body
c. While removing the test pin from the socket, check for noticeable drag resistance. Replace any loose
or bent socket or bent damaged pins. Test the replacement parts as stated in steps "a" thru "c".
d Terminals should be cleaned, if necessary, using a standard connector cleaning solvent, such as
freon Insure solvent does not contain silicone. A non-metallic, soft-bristle brush may be used on the terminals.
Do not use sandpaper. abrasives etc. Connectors must be blown absolutely dry prior to installation.
e After inspection, replacement and, or cleaning, coat all terminals with contact lubricant. Piper P N
764 657. as follows
1. Shake can before using and repeat as necessary throughout the application process.
2. Apply a very thin mist coating to all connector contacts (both male and female). To avoid
excessive coating. hold the spray nozzle 10 to 12 inches from the surfaces to be treated. A single sweep action
across the contacts should be sufficient.
NOTE
To familiarize one's self with this procedure. utilize a piece of paper

for practice. simulating the surfaces to be treated.
3 Wipe clean any overspray on the airframe or connector body. Do not wipe or touch the
contacts after treatment
4A17
11-4 STARTER GENERATOR SYSTEM (LEAR-SIEGLER. INC.).
11-5. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. The Starter Generators are located on the aft top side of the
engines. The purpose of this unit is to provide torque for engine starting and to generate DC electrical power.
When the unit is being utilized as a starter. it may be energized by the aircraft battery or through the use of an
external power source
NOTE
The following information is taken from Lear Siegler. Inc.

Maintenance Manuals For the most current information, refer to
these manuals. See Section II for address, manualand part number.
CAUTION
The selector switch should not be left in the START position any
longer than the time required for a normal engine start: otherwise.
the unit may be damaged by excessive temperature caused by the
large starting currents.
When the unit is being utilized as a generator. it will provide its rated DC output when operated at its rated
speeds This generated electrical power is then utilized as required to operate the various electrical systems
of the aircraft
This unit incorporates its own cooling system which consists of an air inlet duct. a pressure sensitive
check valve in the air inlet duct which regulates direct airflow. and a four bladed fan which is part or the
unit Cooling is obtained by routing the outside ram air through the air inlet duct which is then driven
through the unit by the four bladed fan.
Each unit is controlled by its own independent three position switch which operates as follows DN for
START. UP for GEN with the center position being the OFF position. The switches are located on the over
head switch panel (Refer to appropriate POH.) With the Battery Master Switch ON. placing the Right and or
Left Starter-Generator Switch in the START position. closes the appropriate starter solenoid for that
particular engine Power is then supplied through the master contactor to the field windings of the starter unit
creating a strong magnetic field (Refer to the schematics.) At the same time. current flows through the brushes
to the commutator and continues through the armature windings to ground. The magnetic field now existing
in the armature combines with that existing in the field windings of the starter unit driving the armature as
required to start the engine
When the switch is placed in the GEN position. the unit provides rated DC output to the aircraft
electrical system through the voltage control panel and the overvoltage control. Placing the switch in the
center or OFF position disconnects the unit from the electrical system of the aircraft
11-6 CHECKING STARTER-GENERATOR SYSTEM. The system incorporates two ammeters which
provide an independent output check of each generator and a voltmeter which monitors the electrical bus
voltage Should either ammeter fail to indicate an output from its associated generator. check the
appropriate circuit breaker If the circuit breakers are in their normal operating position. a further check of
the system should be accomplished
a Ascertain that the ammeters are operating properly.
b Ascertain that all electrical units are off and battery is fully charged
c. Disconnect electrical lead at terminal stud C+ on Starter-Generator being tested. (L or R.)
d Turn on battery master switch and turn selector switch (L or R) for the unit being tested to the
START position
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 3/23/84 4A18
1387
24. BEARING
25. ARMATURE
26. BEARING RETAINER
27. SCREW
28. BEARING
1. INLET ASSEMBLY
29. SCREW
2. CLAMP
30. BRUSH HOLDER
3. SCREW
31. NUT
4. WASHER
32. WASHER
5. COVER (FAN) 33. WASHER
6 COVER (BRUSH)
34. SPRING
7. SCREW
35. SLEEVE
8. BRUSH
36. INSULATION
9 SCREW
37. SUPPORT
10 FAN
38. TERMINAL BLOCK
11. LOCKNUT
39. SCREW
12. DRIVE SHAFT
40. WASHER
13. PLATE (DAMPENER)
41. NUT
13A. HUB (DAMPENER)
42. WASHER
13B. RING
43. NUT
14. BACK PLATE
44. WASHER
15. SCREW
45. TERMINAL LUG
16. LOCK WASHER
46. TERMINAL LUG
17. WASHER
47. TERMINAL LUG
18. SCREEN
48. STATOR
19. SCREW
49. INSTRUCTION DECAL
20. WASHER
50. IDENTIFICATION PLATE
21. END BELL
51. SCREW
22. RETAINING RING
23. DISC
Figure 1-2. Exploded View of DC Starter Generator (Lear-Siegler)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 4/25/83
4A19
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
e. Using a voltmeter, attach positive lead to the electrical lead removed from terminal stud C+ on
Starter-Generator and the other voltmeter lead to airframe ground. Voltmeter should read the battery
voltage of 24-volts.
f. Turn battery master switch off.
g. Disconnect the voltmeter positive lead from wire removed from Starter-Generator terminal stud
C+.
h. Remove the voltmeter from the airplane.
i. Connect electrical lead previously removed to C+ terminal stud on Starter-Generator.
11-7. ADJUSTMENTS. The only adjustment necessary to maintain the generator system is the adjustment
of the voltage control on the voltage regulator. A voltage of 28.5-volts must be maintained. All other
control adjustments are made at time of installation and need not be reset.
NOTE
Since the Starter-Generator and Regulator units are designed for

use on a single polarity type electrical system, the following listed
precautions must be observed when servicing the charging circuits.
Failure to observe these precautions could result in serious damage
to the electrical equipment.
a. When installing a battery, always make absolutely sure
the ground polarity of the battery and the ground
polarity of the Starter-Generator are the same.
b. When connecting a booster battery, make certain to
connect the negative battery terminals together and the
positive battery terminals together.
c. When connecting a charger to the battery, connect the
charger positive lead to the battery positive terminal and
the charger negative lead to the battery negative
terminal.
d. Never operate the Starter-Generator on an open circuit.
Make absolutely certain all connections in the circuit are
secure.
e. Do not short across or ground any of the terminals on
the Starter-Generator or voltage regulator.
11-8. STARTER-GENERATOR SERVICE TEST SPECIFICATIONS. Lear Siegler specifications for the
28-volt Starter-Generator installed as standard equipment on PA-31T series airplanes are as follows.
11-9. OVERHAUL. When repairing the unit, complete disassembly may not be required. In some cases it
will only be necessary to perform those operations which are required to effect the repair. However, in this
section, the complete overhaul is covered step-by-step to provide detailed information on each operation. In
actual service practice, these operations may be used as required.
11-10. DISASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 11-2).

a. Loosen the clamp (2) holding the air inlet assembly (1) enough so that the air inlet assembly may be
removed. Remove the fan cover (5) by twisting to unlock it. If necessary to separate air inlet castings (1),
remove the necessary screws (3) and washers (4).
b. Loosen the screw (7) and take the brush cover (6) out of the slot. Remove brush cover.
c. To remove the brushes, remove screws (9) securing the brush and field leads and remove the brushes
(8) from the holders (9).
d. Remove the locknut (11) from the drive shaft and remove fan (10).
Reissued: 2/6/81 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

4A20
e. Tap out drive shaft (12) using a plastic hammer: then remove hub dampener (13A), plate dampener
(13). friction ring (13B). and dampener back plate (14).
f. Remove the screws (15), lock washers (16) and washers (17): then remove drive end bell assembly
(21). Remove screws (19). washers (20). and screen (18) from end bell only if necessary for repair.
NOTE
Items (16) and (17) not used on quick-disconnect model (23048-006).
g Remove the screws (29) securing the bearing support assembly (37) with the armature assembled.
h. To disassemble the support assembly, put the support end bell in a suitable arbor press: then press
armature assembly out of the support bearing. To disassemble the armature (25). remove the retaining ring
(22) and disc-baffle (23) from the armature shaft. Remove the bearing (24) from armature by using a suitable
bearing puller. then remove the disc-baffle (23) from the armature.
i Remove the screws (27) securing the bearing retainer (26) and remove bearing retainer Press
bearing (28) out of support (37).
j. Do not disassemble brush holders and springs unless inspection reveals that replacement of parts is
required
k. Disassembly of the stator assembl, is not required. If inspection reveals the stator to be defective.
replace it.
11-11 CLEANING Clean all parts except the armature. bearings. brushes.and stator by washing in a dry
cleaning solvent. Federal Specifications P-D-680 (Stoddard Solvent). Clean armature by wiping with a cloth
moistened in the solvent. Clean bearings and brushes with a dry cloth. Blow dust and other foreign matter
from inside the stator. then wipe with a clean cloth moistened in solvent.
CAUTION
Do not use carbontetrachloride for cleaning.
i-12. INSPECTION The following table will give the name of the parts. their index number. and the
type of inspection required for that part:
TABLE XI-IB STARTER-GENERATOR TEST SPECIFICATIONS (LEAR-SIEGLER)
DC Starter-Generator Model ............................ 23048-001

Rating (kw) ...................................... 6
Continuous load within speed range (amp) .................... 200
Voltage (gen. output) ................................ 30
Speed range (rpm) .................................. 5800 to 12,000
Direction of rotation when viewing shaft end .................. CCW
Operating altitude (max.-ft.) ............................ 35,000
Voltage (starter, max.) ............................... 28
Positive terminal designation ............................ B+
Negative terminal designation ........................... E-
Positive field-terminal designation .........................
Equalizer terminal designation ........................... D
Starting terminal designation ............................
Revised: 1/5/84
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4A21
TABLE XI-II. INSPECTION OF COMPONENTS
INDEX NO NOMENCLATURE INSPECTION TIME AND

(See Figure 11-2.) REPLACEMENT
5. 6 Covers Check for dents or broken spot welds. Replace

if damaged.
8 Brush Check for cracks, chips, frayed leads and

loose rivets or shunt connections. Replace
if defective. Replace brushes if remaining
allowable wear will be exceeded before the
next inspection. (See Figure 11-3.)
Inspect every 200 hrs. and replace as
required. Brush length new 1.30 inches.
10 Fan Inspect for looseness of blade on hub, or

a bent or cracked condition. Forward edge
of blade shall not measure less than 0.100
inch from locating shoulder of hub, and the
back edge of blade shall not measure more
than 0.830 inch. Replace if beyond repair
12 Drive shaft Magnaflux inspect per MIL-I-6868 for

cracks. Visually inspect for broken or
damaged splines and spline wear. To measure
spline wear on the large splines. use two
0.096 inch diameter pins. Dimension across
the pins should be not less than 0.7262
inch. Replace shaft if dimensions are less
than indicated.
Inspect the Inter spline of the engine drive

gear for wear tolerance Refer to Pratt
and Whitney Aircraft of Canada LTD.
Maintenance Manual. Part 3. Section 3.
8. 9. 30. 34 and 36 Brush replacement Utilize ONLY File No 23700. Rev. 2.

dated February 10. 1981. Disregard all
previous editions.

4A22
TABLE Xl-ll. INSPECTION OF COMPONENTS (cont.)
INDEX NO. NOMENCLATURE INSPECTION

(See Figure 11-2.)
13 Plate, Dampener Inspect for cracks and warpage. Replace if

defective, or if Belleville spring shows
signs of wear.
13A Hub, Dampener Magnaflux inspect per MIL-I-6868 for

cracks. Replace if defective.
13B Ring, Friction Inspect for cracks and warpage. Replace

ring if thickness is not .063 minimum.
14 Dampener back plate Magnaflux inspect per MIL-I-6868 for

cracks. Replace if defective.
21 Drive-end end-bell Inspect for cracks or warpage. Replace

if defective. Repair or replace if
liner I.D. is not within 1.8501/1.8504
inch.
24, 28 Ball bearings Replace at each overhaul.
25 Armature Inspect for worn, pitted or burned

commutator bars; damage to windings,
retainer band or shaft; shaft con-
centricity and bar to bar concentricity.
Refinish commutator per Paragraph
11-13, if necessary, and electrical
test per Paragraph 11-27 Bar to bar
concentricity must be within 0.0001 inch
and concentricity with shaft must be
within 0.005 inch Total Indicator Reading.
Minimum commutator diameter is 2.055
inches.
30 Brush holder and spring Inspect for cracks, warpage or weak

spring.
4A23
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLE Xl-II. INSPECTION OF COMPONENTS (cont.)
INDEX NO. NOMENCLATURE INSPECTION

(See Figure 11-2.)
37 Support assembly Inspect for cracks or warpage. Replace if

defective. Perform electrical test per
Paragraph 11-27. Repair or replace if
liner I.D. is not within 1.8501/1.8504
inch.
38 Terminal block Inspect for cracks, and loose or damaged

terminals. Check for shorts between
terminals, but do not hi-pot to avoid
damaging embedded capacitors. Replace if
defective.
48 Stator assembly Visually inspect for cracks, burned or

damaged insulation, loose pole shoes
and damaged coils. Replace stator assembly
if defective. Perform electrical test
per Paragraph 11-13.
11-13. REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT.

a. If inspection reveals that the commutator is rough, pitted, scored or burned, refinish in a lathe
that is accurately set up and adjusted. Remove only enough material to clean and true up the commutator
surface. Replace the armature if it has to be turned to less than a diameter of 2.055 inches. Hold
commutator diameter concentric with the bearing journals within 0.0005 inch Total Indicator Reading.
b. To undercut the mica turn the commutator in a lathe. If the depth of undercut remaining is less
than .032 inch, the mica between the bars should be re-undercut to .032 inch. Use a triangular scraper to
remove all excess mica, sharp edges, and burrs from between the bars. Use a bristle brush to remove metal
chips and mica particles from the slots between the commutator bars. Check tolerances as outlined in Step a.
c. To polish the commutator, mount the armature in a lathe and operate at a speed of 500 to 600
RPM. Polish commutator by using sandpaper (5/0) with an accurately cut block of wood over its entire
length and at least one-third of its perimeter. Remove any dust or particles from between the commutator
bars with a bristle brush.
d. After refinishing the commutator, the armature should be checked for proper balance, which
should be within 5 grain-inches. If balance correction is required, mill the stainless steel retaining bands at
each end of the lamination stack until the proper balance is obtained. Only two .25 inch wide and .031 inch
deep millings are permitted in each band to maintain adequate strength.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4A24
Figure 1 1-3. Correct Position of Brushes and Springs Figure 1 1-4. Electrical Connections of
Starter-Generator
e Refer ONLY to Brush Maintenance Manual 23700. Rev. 2 for service information on brushes
Discard previous editions per Lear-Siegler Inc. (2 10 81)
f. A unit with reversed polarity may be corrected by flashing the field as in the following procedure:
CAUTION
Do not flash the field while unit is in operation.
I Disconnect the leads to the external voltage regulator.

2 Connect the negative terminal of battery to terminal "E."
3 Connect the positive terminal of battery to terminal "A" through a knife switch
4 Close the switch for 5 seconds: then open switch and disconnect from battery.
NOTE
If flashing the field fails to correct generator polarity, check for

incorrect connections or defective field circuit.

4B1
D-E VOLTS VS AIR TEMPERATURE

IN
0. INCHH2O STATICPRESSUREAT BLASTCAP
100
VOLTS
Figure 11-5. Paralleling Voltage Chart
11-14. REASSEMBLY (See Figure 11-2.)

a If the identification plate (30) was removed, reinstall with the appropriate screws. Coat surface
lightlv with a moisture and fungus resistant varnish per MIL-V-173 or PED P N 05-651260
b Press ball bearing (28) into the support (37) and secure with bearing retainer (26) and-screws
(27). Apply anti-seize compound. JAN-A-669. or PED P'N 05-648227 to screw.
c. Install disc-baffle (23) on drive end of armature with recessed area facing armature. Support
armature in an arbor press: then press new ball bearing (24) on armature shaft pressing on bearing inner
race Install the other disc-baffle (23) over armature shaft with recessed area facing away from armature.
Install retaining ring (22) and make certain that ring engages the groove fully.
d. Support armature in an arbor press: then position support. with bearing assembled, over
commutator end of armature shaft and press bearing on armature shaft end. Press on inner race of bearing
only
e Position support, with armature assembled. over end of stator and secure with screws (29).
f. Install drive end bell assembly against stator; secure with washers (17). lock washers (16) and screws
(15) Make certain end bell is fully seated on bearing.
NOTE
Items (16) and (17) not used on quick-disconnect model (23048-

006).
g Install dampener back plate (14) on armature and make certain back plate taper is fully seated on
drive shaft taper
h Install hub dampener (13A). plate dampener (13). and friction ring (13B) over small spline end of
drive shaft (12) and make certain dampener taper is fully seated on drive shaft taper
i Lubricate the drive shaft splines as specified on the lubrication chart in Section II.
Revised: 7/2/84
4B2
4B2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
j. Install the drive shaft through armature, making certain splines of drive shaft are fully engaged
with splines of armature.
k. Install fan (10) and secure with nut (11). Tighten nut to 100 to 120 inch-pounds.
l. Install brushes (8) and secure brush and field leads with appropriate screws (7). Make electrical
connections per Figure 11-4.
m. Install brush cover (6) and secure with appropriate screw (7). Cover may be assembled in any
angular position.
n. Install fan cover (5): then position so that grooves will accomplish a locking effect. Turn
clockwise or counterclockwise to lock.
NOTE
Do not assemble air inlet until unit is installed in the aircraft.
o After installing air inlet (1). secure with clamp (2). Torque nut to 25 inch-pounds
11-15 STARTER-GENERATOR SYSTEM. (AUXILEC, INC.)
11-16 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. The Starter-Generators are located on the aft top side of the
engines The purpose of this unit is to provide torque for engine starting and to generate DC electrical power.
When the unit is being utilized as a starter, it may be energized by the aircraft battery or through the use of an
external power source.
NOTE
The following information is taken from Auxilec. Inc. Maintenance

Manual. For the most current information, refer to these manuals.
Refer to Section II for address. manual and part number.
CAUTION
The selector switch should not be left in the START position any
longer than the time required for a normal engine start: otherwise,
the unit may be damaged by excessive temperatures caused by the
large starting currents
11-17 CHECKING STARTER-GENERATOR SYSTEM. The system incorporates two ammeters which
provide an independent output check of each generator and a voltmeter which monitors the electrical bus
voltage. Should either ammeter fail to indicate an output from its associated generator.check the appropriate
circuit breaker
If the circuit breakers are in their normal operating position. a further check of the system should be
accomplished
a Ascertain that the ammeters are operating properly.
b Ascertain that all electrical units are off and batters is fully charged.
c. Disconnect electrical lead at terminal stud C+ on Starter-Generator being tested. (L or R)
d Turn on battery master switch and turn selector switch (L or R) for the unit being tested to the
START position
e Using a voltmeter, attach positive lead to the electrical lead removed from terminal stud C+ on
Starter-Generator and the other voltmeter lead to airframe ground Voltmeter should read the battery voltage
of 24-volts
Revised: 9/23/81
4B3 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
f. Turn battery master switch off.

g. Disconnect the voltmeter positive lead from wire removed from Starter-Generator terminal stud
C+.
h. Remove the voltmeter from the airplane.
i. Connect electrical lead previously removed to C+ terminal stud on Starter-Generator.
11-18. ADJUSTMENTS. The only adjustment necessary to maintain the generator system is the adjust-
ment of the voltage control on the voltage regulator A voltage of 28.5-volts must be maintained. All other
control adjustments are made at time of installation and need not be reset.
NOTE
Since the Starter-Generator and Regulator units are designed for

use on a single polarity type electrical system, the following listed
precautions must be observed when servicing the charging circuits.
Failure to observe these precautions could result in serious damage
to the electrical equipment.
a. When installing a battery. always make absolutely sure the ground polarity of the battery and the
ground polarity of the Starter-Generator are the same.
b. When connecting a booster battery, make certain to connect the negative battery terminals together
and the positive battery terminals together.
c When connecting a charger to the battery. connect the charger positive lead to the battery positive
terminal and the charger negative lead to the battery negative terminal.
d. Never operate the Starter-Generator on an open circuit. Make absolutely certain all connections in
the circuit are secure.
e Do not short across or ground any of the terminals on the Starter-Generator or voltage regulator.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

4B4
11-19 STARTFR-GENERATOR SERVICE TEST SPECIFICATIONS. Auxilec specifications for the

28-\olt Starter-Generator are as follows
TABLE XI-III STARTER-GENERATOR TEST SPECIFICATIONS (AUXILEC)
DC Starter-Generator Model ..................................... 8013C: 8012C1
Rating (kw ) ...................................... ..... 6

6....
Continuous load within speed range (amp) .............. 200

Voltage (gen output)................................. 30
Speed range (rpm) .............. 7000 to 12150tr mn
Direction of rotation when viewing shaft end ......... CCW
Operating altitude (max - ft) ............... 31.000 Blast Cooled (8013C)

I 35.000Blast Cooled (8012C1)
Voltage (starter. ma ) ............................
Positive terminal designation ....................... B

Negative terminal desination ...................... E
Poitive field-terminal designation ........... .. ... .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. A
Equalizer terminal designation ................................... D
Starting terminal designation................ C (on 8013C)

.....................
11-20 OVERHAUL When repairing the unit. complete disassembly may not be required. In some cases. it
will only he necessary to perform those operations which are required to affect the repair However in this
section only disassembly. cleaning. inspection checks. reassembly and brush running in. Refer to Section II.
Table II-VIII for Auxilec. Inc Maintenance Manual address and part number. Refer to this manual for more
detailed information
11-21 DISASSEMBLY (Refer to Figure 11-6.)
NOTE
Disassembly should only be done during complete overhauls. At

each disassemblyreject all locking devices. If it is a complete over-
haul. reject also brushes (12). bearings (19 and 25) and fibrous
damper disk (27)
Revised:1/5/84 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

4B5
NOTE
Mark the position of the parts. and for the bearings, mark the
position of internal and external cages.
a. To remove the brushes (12). unsafety and remove screw (1) securing brush band (2) in position.
Mark brushes (12) and shunts positioning. Remove screws (11) washers (10) and lift brush springs (13). The
brushes are now free to be removed.
b. Remove screws (34) and washers (35) securing fan cover (36) in position.
c. Lock the drive shaft (23) in rotation maintained by damper disk(26). Remove and discard nut(41).
Also remove spring (40) and washer (39).
d. Remove drive shaft (23). with damper disk (26) and fibrous damper disk (27).
NOTE
To remove damper disk (26) from drive shaft. tool P N E3370

should be used. (Refer to Section 11, Special Tools.)
e. Remove damper disk (28) using the extractor P N A1003, fitted with end piece P N 4B09378 and
pull disk out. (Refer to Section I. Special Tools.)
f. To remove the fan. unsafety nut (43) then stop the armature (31) in rotation with key P N E3392 and
remove nut (43) using key P N 405394 Remove and discard washer (38). The fan is now free to be removed
and key (42). (Refer to Section II. Special Tools.)
g. To remove the commutator bearing assembly. unsafety and remove screws (21). washers (20) and
clamp (22) Discard washers (20)
h. Remove circlips (24) and then unsafety and remove screws( 17). washers( 16).Discard washers( 16)
i. Remove bearing assembly (32) and armature (31) from the stator (30).
NOTE
Hold armature (31) of the assembly and not the commutator bearing
assembly. DO NOT touch the commutator bars.
j. Remove gasket (18) then remove the commutator bearing assembly from armature carefully not to
damage the commutator bars
k. Remove screws (33) and clamp (37) then extract bearing (19).
l. Remove pins (15). washers (14). spacers. then brush springs (13)
m. Remove screws (7). flange mounting (29) then extract bearing (25).
n To disassemble the stator (30) remove terminal board by removing nuts (3). washers (4) and then
nuts (5) and washers (6)
NOTE
To prevent deterioriation to the terminal board fences use box

renches
o Unsafety and remove screws, washers and then remove terminal board carefully not to damage
connecting wires. Discard washers.
p. Carefully push aside the cables from the set of coils. then remove insulator (9)

4B6
11-22 CLEANING
a. Mechanical Parts:
1 Clean the mechanical parts with Aliphatic Naphtha, Grade F. and blow dry with dry
compressed air
NOTE
The brushes and bearings should not come in contact with the
cleaning agent.
b. Windings
I Clean the windings with a brush in a container of Aliphatic Naphtha. Grade F.
NOTE
Particular attention should be given to the winding base.
Blow dry the washed windings with a jet of dry compressed air.
3 Dry in an oven at 120°C for I hour approximately.
11-22a REMOVING CARBON DUST FROM AUXILEC STARTER-GENERATOR. (Refer to Figure

11-5a.) Carbon dust from the starter-generator carbon brushes may be removed by using Auxilec Tool P N
506280 and a source of compressed air
This carbon dust. under cooling air pressure. is pushed inside the generator and accumulates in an\ cavity
or recess in the yoke as well as in the armature One area particularly likely to retain the carbon dust is located
just under the conductor end winding where the holed disc used to pre-balance the armature is mounted.
The carbon dust may be blown out using one of the following methods:
a If the starter-generator has been removed and disassembled:
NOTE
Cleaning of contaminated parts should be performed in a well

ventilated room
The air pressure used should be as high as possible. but within the
maximum limits of the local safety codes. Also. the air should be dry
and filtered
I Insert the nozzle of the tool between the radial leads connecting the bars of the commutator to
the conductors up to the black band (on the tool nozzle) as shown in Figure II-
2 When the tool has been inserted correctly, blow out the armature until carbon dust ceases to
come out The cleaning should be done around 3 6 0 of the armature with the tool inserted every 2 or 3 gaps.
When the commutator end has been cleaned, use the nozzle to remove carbon from the
drive end of the windings
4 Also blow out any accumulated carbon inside the yoke and field assembly
4B7
b If the starter-generator is removed, but not disassembled:

I Remove the brush band.
2 Insert the nozzle of the tool as described in step a. item 1. Accomplish this by passing the nozzle
first through the spaces between the brush holders.
3 Repeat step a. item 2 by rotating the rotor by hand.
4 Although not as accessible as if the starter-generator was disassembled. the drive end of the
rotor and the yoke and field assembly should be blown out whenever possible
c If the starter-generator is still mounted on the engine, repeat the procedure in step b as far as
possible
1 AUXILEC TOOL 506280

2 BRUSHES
3 STRAP
4 BEARING
5 COMMUTATOR BEARING
HOUSING
6 ARMATURE
7 DRIVE SHAFT
8 STATOR AND HOUSING ASSY
Figure 11-5a Position of Auxilec Tool for Blowing Out Carbon Dust
From Auxilec Starter-Generator 0
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Added:1/5/84 4B8
11-23. INSPECTION CHECKS.

a Stator Assembly.
I Visually inspect for cracks. burned or damaged insulation and shunt inductor resistance
between terminals A and D. The resistance value must be 1.95 + 5%,at 20°C+ if not. replace stator assembly
2 Check for continuity of series inductor between terminals C and B. If no continuity. replace
stator assembly.
3. Check for continuity of commutating poles and compensation windings between terminals D
and E If no continuity, replace stator assembly.
b Armature
NOTE
DO NOT touch commutator bars.
I Inspect for worn. pitted or burned commutator bars: damage to windings. retainer band or
shaft
2 Check insulation between commutator bars and armature ground.
c Brushes:
I Check for cracks. chips. frayed leads, not greased. wires are not burnt or unsoldered and their
insulating sheathes are in good condition. Replace if defective.
2 Replace brushes if remaining allowable wear will be exceeded before the next inspection.
3 If one brush is defective. discard the whole set of brushes.
d Bearings
I Check that the bearings turn freely. without friction and without play and that their seals are in
correct condition If not. replace defective bearing
e. Commutator Bearing Assembly
I Inspect brush guides for any damage and distortion, their inner surface should be smooth If
not. replace commutator bearing assembly.
Revised: 1/5/84 ELECTRICAL

SYSTEM
4B9
f. Fan.
I Inspect for looseness of blade on hub, or a bent or cracked condition.
g. Brush Holder and Spring:
1. Inspect for cracks. warpage or weak spring.
h. Terminal Block:
I Inspect for cracks. and loose or damaged terminals.
2. Check for shorts between terminals.
3. Replace if defective.
11-24. REASSEMBLY (Refer to Figure 11-6.)

a. To reassemble the stator (30) carefully release the stator connections then install insulator (9)
b. Install terminal board (8) and secure in position with screws and new washers.
c Fold nut retainer lugs over the screws to safety them.
d. Install nuts (3 and 5)with washers (4 and 6) to terminal board (8). Do not tighten nuts (3 and 5) at
this time.
e. Reassemble the commutator bearing assembly (32) by first installing the brush springs (13). spacers.
washers (14) and then secure them to their shaft with pins (15).
f. Install ball bearing (19) according to the markings made during removal.
NOTE
Apply a light coat of Normaly compound 201 to the internal and

external bearing cages.
g. Install clamp (37) and secure it with screws (33). Torque screws (33) to 0.150 m. daN. (13 inch
pounds.)
h. Install ball bearing (25) according to the markings made during removal.
i. Before installing drive shaft (23) first insert damper disk (26) and locate it by means of tool P N
E3390. (Refer to Section II. Special Tools.)
i. Position commutator bearing assembly (32) into the bearing internal cage (19) on armature shaft
(31). aligning the marks made during disassembly.
NOTE
DO NOT touch commutator bars
k. Install flange mounting (29) on stator (30) according to the marks made during disassembly. and
secure in this position with screws (7).
NOTE
Coat the threads of screws (7) with Loctite 932 and then torque to
0.200 m. daN. (!8 inch pounds).
1. Install gasket (18).

m Install the commutator bearing assembly (32) with armature (31) in the stator (30) with its flange
mounting (29) and position the forward end of the armature (31) into the bearing internal cage (25).

4B10
NOTE
Align the marks made during disassembly on the bearing internal

cage and the forward part of the armature shaft and also on the
stator and the commutator bearing assembly.
n. Secure commutator bearing assembly (32) by means of screws (17) fitted with washers (16). Torque
screws (17) to 0.200 m. daN. (18 inch-pounds).
o. Fold washer lugs over screws in order to safety them.
p. Insert circlips (24) in armature groove.
q. Install clamp (22) and secure it with screws (21) fitted with washers (20). Torque screws (21) to 0.05
m. daN. (4 inch-pounds).
r. Fold washer lugs over screws in order to safety them.
s. To install the fan (44) fit the key P 'N E3392 through machine nose section in armature splines to
keep it from rotating. (Refer to Section II. Special Tools.)
t. Position key (42) then install fan (44).
u. Install washer (38) then block nut (43) by means of key P/ N 405394. (Refer to Section II. Special
Tools.)
v. Torque nut (43) to 1.6 m. daN. to 2 m. daN. (142 to 177 inch-pounds).
w. Safety nut by folding washer lugs (38) in nut recesses to safety it.
x. Install disk (28) on the armature shaft and position it by means of tool P N E3487. (Refer to Section
II. Special Tools.)
y. Manually rotate the armature and check that there is no friction.
z. To install the brushes (12) lift brush springs (13) and carefully install the brushes (12) in contact with
the commutator bars then install brush springs (13) on the top of brushes (12).
NOTE
Position brushes according to the marks made during disassembly

and also position brush shunts as shown in Figure 11-7.
NOTE
At each brush replacement it will be necessary to perform a brush

preliminary seating and running in operation. (Refer to Paragraph
11-25.)
aa. Connect the connections from the stator those of the brush shunts and secure them by means of
screws (11) fitted with washers (10). Torque screws (11) to 0.150 m. daN. (13 inch-pounds).
ab Install drive shaft (23) fitted with damper disk (26) into stator. flange mounting side. then engage its
splines on those of the armature.
NOTE
Damper disk (26) must be mating on damper disk (28).
ac. Check that the end of the spline of the drive shaft is not engaged inside of spring recess (40). (See
length A. Figure 11-8.)

4B11
TORQUE TO 87 IN -LBS TORQUE TO 35 IN -LBS
1 SCREW 16 WASHER KEY 31 ARMATURE GENERATOR

2. BRUSH BAND 17 SCREW 32 COMMUTATOR BEARING
3 NUT 18 GASKET 33 SCREW
4 FLAT WASHER 19 BALL BEARING 34 SCREW
5 NUT 20 WASHER KEY 35 FLAT WASHER
6 FLATWASHER 21. SCREW 36 COVER
7 SCREW 22 CLAMP 37 CLAMP
8 TERMINAL BOARD 23 DRIVE SHAFT 38 WASHER
9 INSULATOR 24 CIR CLIPS 39 WASHER
10 FLAT WASHER 25 BALL BEARING 40 SPRING
11 SCREW 26 DISK. DAMPER 41 NUT
12 BRUSH 27 FIBROUS DISK, DAMPER 42 KEY
13 SPRING 28 DISK. DAMPER 43 NUT
14 WASHER 29 MOUNTING FLANGE 44 FAN
15 PIN 30 STATOR GENERATOR 45 MOUNTING CLAMP
46 SECTOR
47 MOUNTING PAD
Figure 11-6 Starter-Generator (Auxilec. Inc.)

4B12
C223
If the drive shaft is not located as shown on Figure 11-8. check

damper disks (26 and 28). to see that they are not distorted and that
they are properly fitted on their own support.
ad Remove the drive shaft fitted with damper disk (26).

ae. Fit the washer (39) and check the dimension B as indicated on Figure 11-9.
af Fit the fibrous damper disk (27) into the damper disk (28) recess.
ag. Fit the drive shaft fitted with damper disk (26) after coating its splines with Normaly compound 201.
ah. Fit washer (39). spring (40) and begin to screw nut (41) a few threads.
ai Block drive shaft in order to prevent its rotation by maintaining it with damper disk (26). then
tighten nut (41) to obtain the dimension C as shown on Figure 11-8.
NOTE
When tightening nut (41) ascertain that the fibrous damper disk (27)
remains inside the damper disk (28) recess.
aj. Ascertain that damper disk (26) is not off center with damper disk (28).
ak. Manually rotate armature and check for no friction.
al. Install cover (36) and secure it with screws (34) andwashers (35). Torque screws (34) to 0.05m. daN
(4 inch pounds)
4B13
NOTE: LENGTH A MUST BE > 0 MM NOTE: DIMENSION B MUST BE MEASURED

AND RECORDED
1 3
1 ARMATURE 1 WASHER
2. SPRING RECESS 2. ARMATURE
3 DRIVE SHAFT 3 REFERENCE FACE
Figure 11-8 Dimension Check Figure 11-9. Locating Washer

of Shaft Drive Sinking
C224
C = 10 MM - B DIMENSION
(REFERTO FIGURE 11-9 FOR B DIMENSION)
Figure 11-10 Location of Drive Shaft
I Revised: 9/23/81
4B14
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
am. Install brush band (2) and secure withscrew(l). Torquescrew( 1)to .200m. daN. (18 inch pounds).
an. Lockwire screws (34) two by two and screw (1) with 0.6mm diameter annealed stainless steel.
NOTE
The electrical connections torque values for terminals A and D are

0.30m. daN. (26.5 inch pounds) and for terminals B. C. and E torque
to 1.9m. daN. (168 inch pounds).
NOTE
To prevent deterioration to the terminal board fences use box

wrenches.
11-25 BRUSH RUNNING IN (Refer to Figure 11-11.)
CAUTION
This operation must be carried out at each brush replacement.
a. Brush Preliminary Seating:

1. Cut a 45mm ( 1.77 inches) wide strip of abrasive paper of a length corresponding to a 172 mm
(6.771 inches) new commutator bars
2. Keep brushes (12) in a raised position by means of brush springs (13).
3 Stick double face adhesive tape on commutator bars width.
4. Position abrasive paper strip on the commutator bars and stick the end together on the double
face adhesive tape
NOTE
The abrasive face of the tape is on the outside.
5 Lower the brushes, apply them on the abrasive face and position the brush springs.
6. Manually drive the-armature with key P N E3392 in a counter-clockwise direction (seen from
driving side.) (Refer to Section II. Special Tools.)
NOTE
Turn the rotor regularly and evenly until brush contact surface is
100%. (Check by lifting brushes.)
Set the brushes in a raised position and hold them by means of brush springs.
8 Discard the abrasive paper and also the adhesive tape.
9 With a blast of dry compressed air, blow the carbon dust out of the starter generator.
10. Install the brushes in contact with the commutator bars and install the brush springs
b. Brush Running In
1. Install cover (36) and secure it with screws (34) fitted with washers (35). Torque screws (34) to
0.05m daN (4 inch pounds).
2. Install brush band (2) then secure it with screw ( I). Torque screw (1) to 0.200m. daN. (18 inch
pounds)
3. Connect the starter generator according to Figure 11-11.

4B15
4. Set energization rheostat (Rh1) to the minimum resistance.

5. Set 1-2 "ON" to short circuit ammeter (A1) when instrument starts.
6. Set 1-1to "ON"and increasegradually resistance(Rh 1)to obtaina rotation speed of 5000 rpm.
7. Set 1-2 to "OFF" and read current consumption on (Al).
NOTE
Consumption must not exceed 30 amperes.
8. Operate the generator like this for 3 hours.

9. Set (Rh1) to its minimum and set (1-1) to "OFF".
10. Remove screw (l) then brush band (2).
11. Remove screws (34). washers (35) and then cover (36).
12. Inspect every brush and check its running in: the contact surface must be 100% in the
circumference direction and 100% minimum in the axial direction. If not, pursue the brush running in
operation until these values are reached
13. Disconnect the instrument.
14 Blow carbon dust out of the starter generator.
NOTE
After brush running in. it is recommended to operate the starter

generator for 30 minutes.
C224
Rh1
30
Figure . Brush Running in Diagram
Figure 11-11 Brush Running in Diagram
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4B16
TABLE XI-IV. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (STARTER-GENERATOR)
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY
Abnormal vibrations and Fan friction against the Check fan and cover. replace
noises. cover. faulty part.
Rear bearing faulty. Replace bearing.
STARTER
Does not turn. Shaft drive broken. Replace shaft drive.
Brush shunt cut. Replace brushes.
On load. does not turn at a Brushes worn out. Check brush length and replace
normal speed and does not them if they are outside
deliver rated torque of 135 inch tolerance.
pounds.
Partial short circuit of inductor. Replace stator.
Exaggerated power Short circuit in commutator Clean commutator bars. If after

consumption bars or in armature windings. this operation no improvement
replace armature.
GENERATOR
No voltage supplied. Shaft drive broken. Replace shaft drive.
Shunt winding shorted or Replace stator.

broken.
Incorrect switching Brushes do not slide properly in Clean brush guides.

their guides.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 9/23/81
4B17
11-26. FITS AND CLEARANCES. No special fits or clearances are required; however, fan dimensions
must be maintained.
11-27 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF COMPONENTS. The following test equipment will be
needed: variable speed test stand capable of driving the unit at speeds from 5,500 to 12.000 RPM at full
load and to 14.000 RPM no load. The test stand should have suitable instruments to measure torque. speed.
voltage. current and temperature. Also needed is adequate circuitry to load the unit in five steps: 0 amps.
no load. 50 amps. 100 amps. 150 amps. 200 amps. The following conditions will also be needed to perform
the tests: cool air from a shop air source must be injected into the blast cover.
Test requirements before assembly of the unit.
a. Check the brush holders and support for shorts to ground by using 110-volt AC source and a
7-1 2 watt test light connected in series. Touch one lead to the brush holder and one to the support for one
second If lamp lights, support must be repaired.
b. To test the armature, use a 110-volt source and a 7-1 /2 watt light connected in series. Touch one
lead to the armature shaft and the other lead to the commutator risers. Also check between each of the two
commutator bands and the commutator risers. If lamp lights, the armature is grounded and must be
replaced.
c. To test the stator assembly, use the same circuit as before. and touch one lead to the frame and
the other to terminal "A". If lamp lights. stator is grounded and must be replaced. Use an ohmmeter and
check for continuity by touching one lead of the meter to the negative field lead and the other to terminal
"A" The terminal block must be removed for this test.
Test requirements after assembly of the unit. (After overhaul.)
a. Without operational warm-up and regulator connected to the unit, operate as a generator at
13.000 RPM. 30-volts and no load. Record field current. commutation and frame temperature. Shunt field
current shall not be less than 81 amperes. Commutation must be black.
b With the voltage regulator connected to the unit. operate at 12.000 RPM. 30-volts. 200 amps
until the frame temperature shows no more than 2° F rise in five minutes. Record the voltage between D
and E. air blast inlet temperature. commutation. field current and frame temperature. Commutation should
not be worse than pinpoints along the edges of the brushes. The paralleling voltage must be within the
limits shown on Figure 11-5 Frame temperature must not exceed air temperature by more than 175°F
c Operate the unit at 12.000 RPM. 30 volts. Compound the current at 0, 50. 100. 150 and 200
amps. Field current must increase with load and commutation must not exceed pinpoints.
d Operate the unit at 6500 RPM. 30-volts and 200 amps. to check regulation at the minimum speed.
Record field current. frame temperature and commutation. Shunt field current shall not exceed 8.0 amps.
Commutation should not be worse than pinpoints.
e Reduce the speed to aproximately 5800 RPM. Operate at no load and open field until the frame
temperature is 120 F or less. Substitute 1.25 ohms for the regulator in the field circuit and adjust speed to
produce 26-volts and 200 amps Operate until stabilized as in Step b. Record field current. speed. frame
temperature and commutation. Speed shall not be greater than 5800 RPM.
f. Reconnect voltage regulator and observe commutation at 30-volts. 0. 100 and 200 amps at speeds of
6500. 10.000 and 12.000 RPM Record field current, frame temperature and commutation. Commutation
must not exceed pinpoints for all conditions.
g With the unit hot. operate for five minutes at 14.000 RPM with the field circuit open Then operate
at 12.000 RPM. 30-volts and 200 amps Record field current temperature and commutation. Commutation
must not exceed pinpoints.
h To conduct a dielectric test. remove unit from test stand and while still hot as a result of testing.
Conduct a test using 110-volts. AC. 60 Hz. Put one lead ontheframeand theothertotheleads removed from
terminal block. The leads from the terminal block must be removed from studs due to the embedded capacitors
connected to ground. The unit shall not be shorted. grounded in any circuit.

4B18
i. To conduct tests on the unit as a starter. connect a 50 ohm resistor between terminals "A" and "B."
i. With the unit rigidly mounted in a horizontal position by use of mounting flange. operate at no load
with 23-volts applied to terminals "C" and "E." The no load speed shall not be less than 5200 RPM
k Lock the rotor: apply voltage between terminals "C" and "E." Increase the voltage until the output
torque is 23 foot-pounds. Do not energize the unit for more than two seconds. Record current and voltage.
Current shall not be greater than 500 amps and the voltage shall not exceed 13-volts.
l. Make commutator run out checks while rotating the armature on its own bearings. Record the total
indicated run-out and the maximum bar-to-bar difference. Maximum total indicated run-out is to be .0005
inch. and the bar-to-bar difference must not be more than .0002 inch.
11-27a. STARTER-GENERATOR SYSTEM (AUXILEC 8012C1. AUTO-START) (PA-31TI S N'S

31T-8304001 TO 31T-8304003. AN D 31T-1 104004 AND UP: PA-31T2 S N'S 31T-1 166001 AND UP)
11-27b. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. (Refer to Figure 11-11a.) As on the earlier Cheyennes. the
starter-generators are located on the top aft left side of each engine. The auto start system however, relies on a
new GCU (Generator Control Unit) to provide start and generator control. This system also makes use of a
different starter-generator then those used previously.
This system has two special characteristics:
I The "STARTER" switch acts like a momentary contact push button. to pull in the self-latching
Start Control Relay. This relay stays pulled in until the starter speed sensor signals the GCU ("voltage
regulator") to shut off the starter, as engine speed climbs through 44% Ng. There is a manual override. "Start
Disengage" push button. that is wired in series with this relay switch circuit. for instant manual shut down
of the autostart cycle Normal operation is to push the "Start" switch once. and forget it
2 Starter motor torque (and current drawn) can now be controlled by replacing the series start
winding with the shunt "field" winding. Through the shunt "field" winding the GCU can control the field
current. and in turn. control the starter current. As the starter motor gains speed. the field current must be
weakened to keep up the required starter assist torque through 40% Ng. The GCU uses the starter-generator
interpole as a meter shunt. to sense the amount of field excitation current necessary to maintain the starter
current at about 300 amps.
During a normal start operation (Battery Master and Fuel Pump "ON"). the right START switch is
pressed to initiate the start cycle. This sends about 25 volts from the 5 amp "Right Start Control" circuit
breaker through the "Start Disengage" push button switch (normally closed). and on into the GCU on pin
"W"The GCU then directs the voltage out on pins "Z" and "H." Voltage from pin "H" pulls in the line
contactor which sends battery voltage to the starter. Voltage from pin "Z" pulls in the Start Control Relay.
which now "latches engaged"due to the necessity of bypassing the start switch. The Start Control Relay (either
left or right) also pulls in both the left and right starter solenoids (180 amp and 200 amp circuit breaker
bridge). to connect the starter-generator line contactor directly to the battery master solenoid.
The (right) Line Contactor supplies battery voltage through the 10amp "Right Voltage Regulator" circuit
breaker. to pin "A" on the GCU By now. the starter has drawn the battery voltage (in an instant) down to
perhaps 20 volts The GCU sends nearly the whole 20volts. that came in on "A."back out on "B."This voltage
from GCU. pin "B" goes into the starter( generator) on field terminal "A."to produce high field current. and in
turn. high starting motor torque. When starter current begins at 1200 amps. current, flows from the line
contactor through the starter rotor (by way of the commutator and brushes). on through the interpole and
ground cable. producing a +10 voltdrop. to airframe. nacelle structure ground. This + 10 voltinterpole voltage
goes into the GCU on pin "G " However. the maximum field excitation current that causes high starting torque
also generates starter current bucking voltage (back EMF). causing the starter current to quickly drop off
4B19
As the starter current falls to 300 amps (through the starter rotor and interpole), the interpole voltage falls
to +2.4 VDC (into GC U pin "G"). This signals the GCU voltage regulator to weaken the field current enough to
try to maintain 300 amps of starter current. Perhaps 4seconds into the start cycle, the starter current is down to
300 amps. about the same time the pilot pushes the condition lever forward for turbine light off (ignition). It is
necessary for the starter motor to continue driving the lighted turbine up through 40% Ng. to prevent a "hung
start" (when Ng fails to increase above 40%).
As the starter motor speeds up through 44 (+ -3)% Ng. its speed sensor probe (new. on the 8012C I starter
generator) generates about .47 VAC 960 cycle (measured with Simpson 260. 2.5 VAC scale) and sends it into
the GCU on pins "X" and "Y." At this indication the GCU trips off the Start Control Relay power going out on
pin "Z." to automatically shut down the starter. The turbine will then continue spooling up to 52% Ng idle.
unaided
Any time the starter generator is spinning at 52% Ng or more. and is not being used as a starter. it behaves
as a generator With "no" excitation voltage going into the starter, generator field terminal "A." the spinning
rotor will still produce at least one volt DC. at generator terminal "B." This voltage goes through the 10 amp
Voltage Regulator circuit breaker and into the GCU on pin "A." The GCU then directs the voltage back out on
pin "B" to produce enough field excitation to build the unloaded generator output up to about 30 volts (this
quickly pulls down to 28.5 volts. under load).
Under normal operating procedures. the power lever is now moved forward out of the idle detent to
produce 68% Ng. before switching on the right generator. Any voltage that goes into the GCU on pin "A." is
also jumpered internally back out on pin "V." Selecting "Generator." closes the switch to take voltage out of
the GCU on pin "V"and puts it back in. on pins "J" and "U" (a redundant over voltage relay reset voltage
supply). If GCU pin "D" senses a generator output voltage (typically 30 VDC) of at least 0.15 VDC greater
than the battery voltage (typically 24 or 28.5 VDC sensed by the GCU on pin "E"), the 30volts in on pin "J" is
directed back out on pin "H." to pull in the right (starter )generator Line Contactor.
At this point the right ammeter will indicate a heavy load by the needle movingto the high end When the
ammeter comes back down to 100 amps. the start procedure (turning on the left fuel pump. and activating the
start switch) for the left engine can be initiated without switching off the right generator. This procedure is
made possible by the new Electro Delta GCU's (VR2000-013A) which make use of wires that connect pin "S"
on each GCU to pin "Z" on the corresponding GCU Therefore when the left engine's start switch is pressed.
oltage is sent out to the left start control relay from pin "Z" on the left GCU and also to pin "S" of the right
GCU. The input on pin "S" of the right GCU overrides its internal voltage regulator causing it to hold do n
the right generators output to 300 amps maximum while the left (or second) engine's starter generator is
operating as a starter.
NOTE
With one engine and its generator operating and the other engine
shut down (and not in the start mode) it is possible for the 8012CI
starter generators to handle brief generator load surges above 300
amps.
Once the second engine (left in this case) is running at 52 Ng (idle). the power lever should be moved
forward to produce a minimum of 68%,Ng This allows the second engine starter generator to be switched on
without stalling the engine. The two overhead ammeters should soon equally share (+ -about 10%) any
electrical load. due to the "Equalizer Bus" wire. which runs between pin "K" on one GCU and pin "K" on the
other
Each GCU has an internal relay that only pulls in to connect the Equalizer Bus if the GCU is in the
generator mode and the starter-generator line contactor is pulled in (power out from pin H). When both
Equalizer Bus relays are closed. a 10 ohm resistor inside each GCU. connects the interpole voltage (GCU pins
"G") of one generator to the interpole voltage of the other The two 10ohm resistors form a voltage divider that
nudges the voltage regulator of each GCU up or down until the two interpole voltages (and thus. the generator
output currents) are close to equal.
Revised: 7/2/84
4B20
Another feature of this system not yet mentioned, is the generator trip function. The generator trip push
button switch when acti ated. sends voltage from pin "V" ofa GCU back in on pin "R". This manually trips the
GCU's overvolt relay. which in turn trips off the Line Contactor. When this occurs with the overhead switch
in the "Generator" position. voltage through the 5 amp (left or right) start control circuit breaker is sent into
pin "T" of the GCU to keep the overvolt relay latched in the tripped position. At this point the pilot has manual
control and must switch the generator off and then on again to reset the tripped overvolt relay. (This is
accomplished every time the engines are started).
II-27c STARTER-GENERATOR OPERATION AND FIELD WEAKENING. (Referto Figure 11-1la.)

Most D C starter motors have a stationery "stator" winding connected in series with the wound rotor. Most
D.C. generators have a stationary "field" winding connected in parallel or "shunt with the rotor so the field
excitation current may be independantly controlled by a voltage regulator or "generator control unit". Since
both starter and generator can use the same rotor. the Cheyenne engines were equipped with a starter
generator unit which contains both a series start winding and shunt field generator winding.
A high current generator also requires a series "interpole" stator winding which produces good high
current performance. as well as good start performance. By itself. the interpole will not perform sufficiently as
a series start winding. Since the interpole does however serve well as a meter shunt, it is used by the GCU to
sense generator output current. as during generator paralleling. -0.6 VDC per 100 amps: or during start. +2.4
VDC per 300 amps. to control weakening of field current.
The shunt field winding can. however. serve as the starting stator winding if. and only if, the field current is
weakened as the starter comes up to speed. For this reason. the series start coil on the generator at terminal "C"
has been removed. along with the heavy gauge wire that fed it. Now the generator line contactor also serves as
the (high current) starting contactor
With these changes. the start side of the "starter-generator" switch has been modified to a momentary type
that when pressed. applys power to the GCU. The GCU then sends power directly to the line contactor latching
it closed as well as directing approximately full battery voltage to the starter-generator terminal "A" (shunt
field). As the starter comes up to speed. the GCU weakens the field excitation current, to provide sufficient
starter torque. while the lighted turbine is building enough speed to sustain rotation.
Proper control of field current is therefore necessary when the start sequence. is initiated and should be
closel monitored to reduce the cost of any malfunction. During the first few seconds of the start phase. field
current is needed to.
a Help produce more than the slow rotation that can be accomplished by the interpole alone. (and)
b Generate bucking voltage to quickly reduce the initial thousand plus amps of starter current.
If the "Starter" switch is pressed and current does not flow to the field (due to a broken wire off post "A" of
the starter-generator: a blown fuse inside the GCU. off pin "B": or other reason). the starter could begin to
smoke until the "start disengage" button is pressed.
After the initial start phase (within the first three seconds). the GCU begins to weaken the field current.
During the period between three and six seconds after pressing the "starter" switch, the GCU provides "field
weakening" to avoid an excessive bucking voltage (back EMF) that would reduce needed starter assistance
after turbine ignition. A "hung start" (Ng remaining at 40% or below) might result from no field weakening.
"Field Weakening" starter systems should therefore be carefully monitored as follows:
a Within about five seconds after pressing "starter". ensure that the Ng. quickly accelerates to between
14 and 1 percent If this does not appear likely. press the "start disengage" button at once. to present starter
overheating from lack of field current.

4B21
D180
STARTER MODE
200A 200A
MARY BUS BAR
180A I
RIGHT SIDE
L START R START
C/B BRIDGE C/B BRIDGE LINE CONTACTOR
LINE CONTACTOR
BAT
MAS
START CONTROLRELAY
I II
LINE CONTACTOR
I
IOA
POWER FOR GCU.CIRCUITS A
A FIELD WEAKENING EXCITATION
(LIMITS START AT 300 AMPS)
SHUNT FIELD
(2 07 ohms)
D
INTERPOLE(STARTCURRENT SENSING)
+ 2.4 VDC=300AMPS
.47 VAC=44%Nq STARTER CUT OFF
(FROM STARTERSPEEDSENSOR)
LEFT SIDE STARTER
Figure 11-1la Auto Start Electrical Flow Diagram

4B22
GENERATOR MODE
Figure 11-11a Auto Start Electrical Flow Diagram (cont.)

4B23
b. When Ng. climbs above 14%(within 4to 5seconds)move the condition lever forward. which should
result in engine ignition. Should Ng. not appear to prominently accelerate up through 40% within 15 or 20
seconds. pull the condition lever back to idle cutoff. Allow the engine to motor a few seconds for turbine cool
down. and press the "start disengage" button.
NOTE
This last description would prevent possible lack of field current

weakening from producing an engine overheat condition or "hung
start".
c. After the engine has accelerated to about 52%, accelerate the engine to 68% Ng. and switch on the
operating engine's generator. Once the generator is on line, it can be left on during cross. auto starting of the
second engine.
11-27d ADJUSTMENTS TO AUTOSTART ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS. (Refer to Figure 11-33.) The

only adjustment permitted to the electrical system is that which is necessary to assure proper paralleling of the
two starter-generators through their GCU's. Adjustment of each GCU can be accomplished as follows.
a. Start the right engine and after achieving 68% Ng. switch on the right generator. Make sure the left
generator is switched off and pull out the 10 amp "Left Voltage Regulator" circuit breaker.
b. With somebody in the cockpit qualified to operate the controls, take the time used to recharge the
battery and open up the nose baggage area to gain access to the GCU's. Refer to Figure 11-33.
c. Locate the right GCU and ask the operator to switch off the right generator and pull the 10 amp
"Right Voltage Regulator" circuit breaker.
CAUTION
If the generator switch and voltage regulator circuit breaker are not
pulled prior to continuing. the following instructions could result in
spiking the GCU. thus damaging it.

4B24
I
d. Disconnect the harnesses from both GCU's and connect the right starter/ generator system harness
to the left GCU
e Push in only the "Right Voltage Regulator" circuit breaker previously referred to. Then switch on
the right generator.
f. Carefully insert voltmeter probes into the red (negative) and black (positive) output meter jacks.
that are on "top" of the GCU box above the main connector.
g. The voltage set point for the system is 28.5 volts. If the volt reading is within 2 or 3 volts. the GCU
can be adjusted. The GCU is adjusted as follows:
1. Remove the rubber cap on top of the box where the output jacks are located.
2 Inside the box is a small screw which is attached to an adjustable pot. Rotate the screw pot
clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease generator voltage. Reinstall black cap upon
completion.
h. If the system could not be adjusted or it was to far out to begin with, shut down the engine and look
for bad cable grounding and continuity as described in paragraph I -3a. Finding Bad Electrical Connections
and Poor Ground Bonding Reperform the previous procedures, and if the GCU still will not adjust the system
voltage. replace the GCU
i. If adjustment is complete. switch off the right generator and pull the "Right Voltage Regulator" 10
amp circuit breaker.
CAUTION
Damage may occur to the GCU if the previous instruction is not

completed before continuing.
j Disconnect the right generator harness from the left GCU and reconnect both generator harnesses
to their appropriate GCUs. Peform the same test for the right GCU.
k. After shut down make sure all appropriate circuit breakers are in.

4C1
11-28. BATTERY. The 24-volt vented nickel-cadmium battery requires little service which is normally
limited to checking electrolyte level during each periodic inspection, cleaning the battery box and components
when necessary. equalizing the cells when required and occasionally recharging the battery. A battery
temperature sensor is connected to the battery to indicate an overtemperature condition on the annunciator
panel in the cockpit. See Figure 11-12 for cell layout of battery.
A periodic maintenance program is required to prevent battery failures. The condition of the battery
should be determined every 50 to 100 hours initially. Periodic battery check intervals may be varied as service
experience dictates by referring to the Battery Service Record (See PA-31T Continuous Inspection Report).
which should be maintained for each battery.
For information on battery maintenance, refer to the battery manufacturers maintenance manual. This
provides detailed instruction of charging, discharging, cleaning. handling and general troubleshooting and
maintenance of the battery The manuals for each manufacturer are as follows: Gulton Battery Corp.. Nickel-
Cadmium Aircraft Battery Maintenance Manual (P/N 15382); Saft America Inc.. Operating and
Maintenance Manual (P N DC 3-01-78-3176-5A. or latest revision) and Marathon Battery. Marathon
battery instruction manual (P N BA-89). Refer to Section II for a list of addresses on these vendors.
CAUTIONS
Do not use tools. hydrometers, or water that have been

contaminated by contact with lead-acid batteries or acid of any
kind.
Electrolyte (potassium hydroxide) is very caustic and will burn the
eyes. fabric, skin. etc. Neutralize with 3% boric acid and wash with
water.
Be very careful when working with uninsulated tools around the
battery terminals. This battery can deliver very high currents when
shorted. It is advisable to remove finger rings. watches. bracelets.
etc when working on the battery since they may fuse to the intercell
straps and cause serious injury. When cleaning the battery. Do Not
use petroleum spirits. trichloroethylene or other solvents. Do Not
use a wire brush.
This battery must be connected to the air cooling source at all times
NOTE
Keep vent plugs in place during charging and discharging

procedures. and at all other times except when inspecting and
adjusting electrolyte level Carbon dioxide absorbed from the air
forms potassium carbonate in the cell, which reduces the cell
efficiency.

4C2
11-29. REMOVAL OF BATTERY. The battery is located just behind the nose cone of the airplane.
a. Gain access to the nose cone latching mechanism and unlatch and swing open the nose cone.
b. Cut the two safety wires from large knob on electrical connector.
c. Loosen knob and remove electrical connector from battery.
d. Loosen two camlocks on the bottom front of battery and slide battery forward.
e. Disconnect battery temperature probe wire from the top of battery at inline connector.
f. Disconnect air lines and remove battery from airplane.
g. To gain access to the battery cells, unsnap the four hinge snap locks on the battery cover, lift lid and
disconnect fuseholder to remove cover.
11-30. INSTALLATION OF BATTERY.

a. Place battery on mounting bracket and reconnect air lines previously removed.
b. Slide battery back into place and secure with the two camlocks on the bottom front of the battery
c. Connect battery temperature probe wire from the top of the battery at the inline connector
d. Put electrical connector on battery with the + symbols on the connector on top. and the - symbols on
the connector on the bottom. Secure by tightening knob to connector.
e. Secure knob by safety wire through the two holes on the knob to the two nuts one each side of the
knob.
f. Close nose cone and secure in place by pushing the locking handle up.
11-31. TESTING BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR. The following information should be used to
check the temperature sensor operation.
a. Set up a hot oil bath at 130°F. and obtain an ohmmeter.
b .Remove the temperature sensor unit from the battery and disconnect the wire at the fuseholder.
c.. Connect the probes of the ohmmeter to the temperature sensor; reading should be approximately
zero ohms (short).
d . Submerge the temperature sensor into the hot oil and observe the ohmmeter: an infinite meter
reading should be indicated (open) The sensor should reset when removed from the hot oil. after being
allowed to cool down to 110°F.
e . With the test completed. reinstall the temperature sensor to the battery and connect the fuseholder.
Ascertain that the fuse is installed and in good condition.
11-32. STARTING THROUGH EXTERNAL POWER. The external power receptacle is located on the
underside of the nose section below the forward baggage compartment door.
a. Battery master switch must be in the off position.
b Ascertain that all other electrical equipment in the aircraft is turned off.
c Insert plug from Auxiliary Power Unit into the external power receptacle located on the underside
of the nose section below the forward baggage compartment door.
NOTE
The use of an external battery for starting is not recommended due

to the high current draw
Revised: 1/5/84
4C3
4C3 ELECTRICALSYSTEM
d. Monitor aircraft voltmeter, when voltage stabilizes between 28 and 30-volts turn Battery Master
Switch ON.
e. Start left engine only, using normal starting procedure as outlined in the Airplane Flight Manual.
f. With left engine operating at ground idle speed, start right engine using normal starting procedure
as outlined in the Airplane Flight Manual.
CAUTION
To remove Auxiliary Power Unit plug from the aircraft. approach

from the nose of the aircraft. Remain clear of props.
g. With both engines running, disconnect the Auxiliary Power Unit from the aircraft and remove.
11-33. AUTO IGNITION SYSTEM (OPTIONAL).
11-34. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION. Auto ignition is an available option on all 1981 and later
Cheyennes. All Cheyenne ignition switches are a single pole single throw switch, in series with the red condi-
tion lever idle cut off position switch. The standard ignition switch positions are labeled "ON"and "OFF."The
optional ignition switch on position is labeled "MANUAL." and the off position is labeled "AUTO." The
optional "AUTO" off ignition circuit is bypassed to on. any time the starter is energized, and also through a
low engine torque sensing switch in series with a squat switch. With the ignition switch in the "AUTO" off
position, the ignition will come back on if the starter is switched on. or if the engine torque falls off to a low
value, in flight. The low torque switch closes when falling through 400 to 275 ft.-lbs., on a PA-31T and
PA-31TI, or when falling through 450 to 317 ft.-lb., on a PA-31T2. The torque switch opens, again, when
engine torque rises above 336 to 400 ft.-lb., on a PA-31T and PA-31T1, or above 387 to 457 ft.-lb., on a
PA-31T2. The red condition lever will always switch off ignition, in the idle cut off position.
NOTE
Auto ignition is standard on PA-31TI S N 31T-8304001 and up.
11-35. REMOVAL OF THE GROUND START RELAYS. The relays are located on relay shelf, aft of the
forward baggage compartment on the right side of nose.
a. Remove electrical power by disconnecting battery.
b. Remove access panel on right side of nose between station 35.00 and 46.00. Open forward baggage
compartment and remove panel screws from the upper aft panel.
c. Remove forward mounting screws from relay shelf.
d. Disconnect electrical connectors from relay shelf.
e. Remove aft mounting screws. from relay shelf and remove relay shelf.
f. Remove screws from relay shelf cover.
g. Unsolder relay head (identify leads to facilitate installation).
11-36. INSTALLATION OF START RELAYS.

a. Install relay on relay shelf and solder leads to appropriate terminals.
b. Replace relay shelf cover and secure.
c. Position relay shelf on mounting bracket and secure aft screws, then connect electrical connectors.
and install forward mounting screws and secure
d. Replace panel in baggage compartment and secure.
e. Replace access panel and secure.
f. Reconnect battery (system check by starting appropriate engine).

4C4
FUSEHOLDER
Figure 11-12. Cell Layout Nickel-Cadmium Battery
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 4C5 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

11-37. DC CONTROL PANEL.
11-38. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. The DC Control Panel is designed to incorporate all the
normal features of a 28-volt DC system in one compact unit. By using a comparator amplifier with a regulated
reference voltage, any difference between the reference voltage and the generator output. controls the power
amplifier stage. The power amplifier stage then controls the shunt field excitation of the generator.
The paralleling portion of the control panel senses the difference between the interpole voltage of the local
generator and the equalizer bus. The equalizing circuit is always summing the differential between the voltage
across the interpole of the local generator and the equalizer bus to zero.
The automatic line contactor control and reverse current protection consists of two integrated circuits.
When the potential difference becomes less than .3-volts, integration occurs and the line contactor closes.
When this happens. the circuits automatically shift to sensing reverse current.
DC control panels (PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up. and PA-31T1 SN 31T-8104001 and up and
PA-31T2 S N 31T-8166001 and up) provide circuit protection, voltage regulation. load sharing. Adjust
procedures (refer to Paragraph 11-40).
NOTE
DC control panels used on PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up. and

PA-31TI S N 31T-8104001 and up. ARE NOT interchangeable
with early DC regulators.
11-39. CHECKING DC CONTROL PANEL.

a. Start engines and set to a gas generator RPM of 68c. Turn on all electrical equipment available in
aircraft: system voltage must remain at 28.5-volts ± 0.
b. Turn the left Starter-Generator Switch to the off position. This will transfer the full electrical load to
the right generator and DC control panel. System voltage must remain at 28.5-volts 0.
c Turn the left Starter-Generator Switch to the on position and turn the right Starter-Generator
Switch off This will transfer the full electrical load to the left Starter-Generator and DC control panel. The
system voltage must remain at 28.5-volts ± 0.
d. If the voltage does not remain at 28.5-volts + 0. check the generator and battery. making sure they
are in good condition. Check all circuit connections and all wiring in the Starter-Generator system for un-
wanted resistance. Wiring connections should be cleaned and resoldered as necessary. Check voltmeter for
accuracy and repeat tests. If system voltage still is not within 28.5-volts 0, furthercheck the DC control panel.
(See Paragraphs 11-42 and 11-44.)
11-40 ADJUSTING DC CONTROL PANELS The following adjustment procedure covers both the
RIGHT and LEFT DC control panels The electrical output from the right engine is utilized when setting
either control panel. The DC control panels are mounted on the underside of the left electrical accessory shelf
directly above the upper left radio shelf. To gain access to the DC control panels. remove the access plate on the
left side of the nose section between sta. 49 60 and sta. 81.00 by turning the screw type fasteners and pull nose
bag. locking pins. to release the access plate. Adjust DC control panels as follows:
CAUTION
Before disconnecting DC control panels or reconnecting DC control

panels. completely shutdown engine and place starter-generator
and battery master switches off.

SYSTEM
4C6
NOTE
For PA-31T S N 31T-7400002 to 31T-8020092 and PA-31T1

S N 31T-7804001 to 8004057. all voltage readings for the following
adjustments will be taken from the field terminal of the RIGHT
overvoltage relay ONLY. For the following: PA-31T S/N 31T-
8120001 and up: PA-31TI S N 31T-8104001 and up. and PA-31T2
S N 31T-8166001 and up. All voltage readings will be taken at the
main circuit breaker tie bus. accessible through the outside belly
panel. (Use a precision DC voltmeter that has a current calibration.)
a. The balance adjustment is made while operating the RIGHT engine only.
b. Pull out (off) the left generator control circuit breaker.
c. Disconnect the electrical connector (E403) from the left DC control panel. (Refer to Figures 11-30
thru 11-32 for appropriate models components location.)
d. Start the right engine and set to a gas generator RPM of 68%.
e. Turn on landing and taxi lights.
f Using a precision voltmeter, measure the voltage from the field terminal of the right overvoltage
relay to airframe ground.
g. Adjust this voltage to read 28.5-volts ± 0 on the voltmeter by the following procedure:
I. Loosen the screw holding the access cover arm in place. This screw is located on the upper
left-hand corner on the front of the right DC control panel on Electro Delta pullout rubber protection plug.
2. Insert a small thin bladed screwdriver into the screw recessed in the access hole and adjust the
voltage
3. When a 28 5-volt 0 reading is obtained on the voltmeter. return access cover arm and secure
h Turn OFF landing and taxi lights.
i Stop right engine.
j. Remove the two mounting screws from the left side of the left DC control panel and also the right
rear mounting screw Loosen the remaining mounting screw and angle the connector end of the unit inboard
so the right DC control panel harness connector is long enough to reach the left unit. Tighten remaining
mounting screw to insure proper case ground.
k. Disconnect the electrical connector (E404) from the right DC control panel and connect it to the
left DC control panel.
1. Start the right engine and set to a gas generator RPM of 68%.
m Turn ON landing and taxi lights
n. Using the precision voltmeter. measure the voltage from the field terminal of the right overvoltage
relay to airframe ground.
o. Adjust this voltage to read 28.5-volts + 0 on the voltmeter by the following procedure.
1. Loosen the screw holding the access cover arm in place. This screw is located on the upper
left-hand corner on the front of the left DC control panel.
2 Insert a small thin bladed screwdriver into the screw recessed in the access hole and adjust
the voltage
3. When a 28 5- olt 0 reading is obtained on the voltmeter. return access cover arm and secure.
p Turn OFF landing and taxi lights.
q. Stop right engine and turn Starter-Generator switches and battery master switch OFF.
r Disconnect electrical connector (E404) from the left DC control panel and reconnect it to the
right DC control panel.
s. Reposition the left DC control panel on the electrical accessory shelf and secure with appropriate
screws
t. Connect electrical connector (E403) to the left DC control panel.
u Disconnect voltmeter leads from circuit wiring. This completes the DC control panel adjustment
procedure
X Install access plate on left side of nose section between sta. 49.60 and sta 81.00 and secure with
screw type fasteners

4C7
TERMINAL DETAIL
11-41. DC CONTROL PANEL REVERSE CURRENT TEST. The following test will determine if the
control panel and or generator contactor are functioning properly to prevent excessive reverse current flow
To perform this test a patch harness must be fabricated (refer to Figure 11-13) to allow the control panel
(voltage regulator) to be placed in the cockpit along with a precision voltmeter or equivalent.
a. Unplug the fuselage harness from one of the voltage regulators and plug the fabricated test
harness into the fuselage harness. Route the test harness into the cockpit.
b Remove the disconnected voltage regulator and place it in the cockpit and connect the test
harness to it.
NOTE
The test harness must be long enough to reach the copilots seat.
c Complete the additional connections from the test harness terminal block to the generator and
generator contactor of the same side as the voltage regulator removed.
d. With both engines operating and an electrical load of approximately 80 amps. measure voltages at
the following terminal block locations.
1. D to G = should be a negative voltage of -.2 to -.4 volts.
2 Dl to G = should be the same as check No. I .1 volt.
3 A to G = should be approximately + 28 volts
4. A1 to G = should be approximately + 28 volts.
e If Al to G shows a higher voltage than A to G (more than I volt). eliminate the inline fuseholder
at the line contactor and recheck voltages.
f. Shut down the engine operating on the test panel. Do not turn off the generator switch
Simultaneously monitor voltages at D to G and Dl to G. Voltage at D1 to G should go from a negative
voltage and swing to a positive voltage. When the voltage reaches +.4 volts maximum at D to G. the line
contactor should open
NOTE
It is very important that there be very little differential between D

to G and Dl to G. If more than .I volt differential exists at line
contactor. disconnect and replace the wire from D on the panel to
D on the generator

4C8
NOTE.VOLTMETER SHOWN
FOR PRECISION
MEASUREMENTS
NOTE: VOLTMETERS
POWER SUPPLY SHOWNFOR
PRECISION
MEASUREMENTS
VOLTMETER
Figure 11-14 Wiring Diagram. Pre-closed Figure 11-15. Wiring Diagram.

Loop Test Automatic Line Contactor Test
g If the line contactor does not open on reverse current test with +.4 volts on D to G and 27 volt
minimum on A to G within 5 seconds the control panel is probably defective and should be replaced
h Shut down the engines and remove test hookups from system.
i Reinstall the voltage regulator and connect the fuselage harness. then remove opposite voltage
regulator and repeat steps a thru g
CAUTION
Do not ground fault point A. A1 or Point D. Dl at anytime

Control panel can be permanently damaged
11-42 REMOVAL OF DC CONTROL PANEL The DC control panel is mounted on the electrical
accessory sheif located above the upper radio shelf
a Remove the access plate on the left side of the nose between sta. 49 60 and 81 00 by turning the
screw type fasteners to release the access plate
b Disconnect electrical plug from the DC control panel (L or R)
c Remove the screws securing the DC control panel to the electrical accessory shelf Remove DC
control panel
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4C9
NOTE
It may be necessary to remove certain radio equipment from the

upper radio shelf to gain access to the DC control panels. If removal
of radio equipment is required. note the place from which the radio
equipment and plugs were removed to facilitate reinstallation.
11-43. BENCH TEST OF DC CONTROL PANEL (LEAR SEIGLER). The connector symbol. J I. used in
the following test procedures is for the connector located on the front or face of the unit. The individual pin
connections are identified by alphabetical letters. All circuit connections must be clean and tight. If any unit
does not pass any of the following tests. the unit must be replaced.
CAUTION
Pin E of DC control panel must not be connected to any test

equipment or instruments while performing these tests.
a. Pre-Closed Loop Test: (See Figure 11-14.)

1. Connect a variable DC power supply to the DC control panel. The positive. A+. terminal to
connector J I Pins A. B & J and the negative. A-. terminal to connector JI Pins D. L & G.
2. Connect one terminal of a lamp. #313. to Pin M and the other terminal to the power supply
negative (A-) terminal.
3. Set the DC power supply to 28-volts: the lamp should glow at approximately half brilliance
4. Increase the power supply to 29-volts + 0.5-volts: the lamp should go out.
b Automatic Line Contactor Test: (See Figure 11-15.)
I Connect a variable DC power supply to the DC control panel. The positive (A+) terminal to
Pins A. B. C & J on connector J I and the negative (A-) terminal to Pins L & G.
2. Connect a second variable DC power supply to the DC control panel: the positive (A+)
terminal to Pin D of connector J I and the negative (A-) terminal to Pins L & G.
3 Connect a lamp. #313. from Pin H on connector J1 to Pins L & G.
4. Adjust the first power supply to 28-volts. The lamp shall light. Adjust the second power
supply to 0.19 0.03-volts. The lamp shall go out. Return the second power supply to 0-volts and the lamp
should light.
5 Adjust the first power supply to 10-volts. With the second power supply at 0-volts. the lamp
should be dimly. Increase the second power supply slowly to 0.12-volts: the lamp will go out

4C10
11-43a BENCH TEST OF DC CONTROL PANEL (ELECTRO DELTA).
NOTE
It is necessary to fabricate test equipment per the following

schematic provided by Electro Delta Inc. (Figure 11-15a.).
A digital voltmeter and regulated D.C. power supply are required for the following tests.
With external regulated power supply set at -0 V.D.C. and digital voltmeterset to read 0-33 V D C.
MONITOR" switch to "BUS" position.
Plug unit under test into test equipment plug PL-I.
Increase power supply output to 28.0 V.D.C. and note both "L.C." and "FIELD' light filaments
NOTE
To properly interpret light bulb indications. it must be realized that

full brightness is not required on the "FIELD" light. This bulbs
filament will just barely glow red at point of adjustment.
Increase power supply voltage slowly until "FIELD" light filament just stops glowing. At this
point. the D C voltage shall indicate 28.7 to 28.9 V.D.C.
f Continue increasing power supply output slowly to 31.5 V.D.C. and then increase at an even slower
rate. verifying the "L.C." light goes out at 32 0.3 V.D.C.. indicating an overvoltage trip has occurred.
Added:10/15/82
4Cll
g. Decrease power supply output to 10 V.D.C., both "L.C." and "FIELD" lights must stay "OUT.'
h. Decrease power supply to -0 V.D.C., and then return to 28.0 V.D.C. Verify the "L.C." and
"FIELD" again glow, indicating regulation has returned.
i. Depress "0" voltage test switch (SW-3) and verify both "L.C." and "FIELD" lights extinguish and
release "0" voltage test switch.
j. Repeat Steps g and h.
k. Depress "REMOTE TRIP" switch (SW-2), and again verify both "L.C." and "FIELD" lights
extinguish.
1. Repeat Steps g and h.
m. Depress "DISABLE" switch (SW-4), and observe ONLY THE "FIELD" LIGHT FILAMENT
GOES OUT - HOLD DISABLE SWITCH DEPRESSED, and reduce power supply to 13 1 0 V.D.C.
"FIELD" light must remain out.
n. Release "DISABLE" switch, and readjust power supply to -0 V.D.C. and back up again to 28
V.D.C.
o. Actuate "MONITOR" switch (SW-5) to "D" terminal position.
p. Set D.C. voltmeter range for 0-2 V.D.C. and DEPRESS AND HOLD SW-1 switch and set
potentiometer P-l for a reading of 0.18 ± 0 V.D.C.
q. Release switch SW-I for 2-3 SECONDS, and re-activate switch SW-1. "L.C." light should
extinguish AFTER A SLIGHT DELAY.
r. This completes the bench test. If unit fails tests, it must be replaced with a new unit.
11-44 INSTALLATION OF DC CONTROL PANEL.

a. Position the DC control panel on its proper place on the electrical accessory shelf. Insert and
secure with the appropriate screws.
b. Connect the electrical plug to the DC control panel.
NOTE
If removal of radio equipment from the upper radio shelf was

required, reinstall the radio equipment. Reinstall plugs and
equipment in their proper place.
c Replace access plate removed from the left side of the nose between sta. 49.60 and 81.00 and
secure by tightening the screw type fasteners.
Revised: 10/15/82
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4C12
11-44a. BUS FEEDER CHECK (31T-8120001 and up: 31T-8109001 and up: and. 31T-8166001 and up).
Operational check of the crossfeed power diodes, checking for shorted or open diodes, on the split bus
electrical power distribution system. To ensure power distribution is not interrupted due to single generator
operation.
11-44b TESTING FOR OPEN DIODES.

a. With both engines running (approximately 68% N ) turn battery master switch and both generator
switches on.
b. Open left generator bus tie circuit breaker (200 amp) and turn off generator switch.
c. No power should be lost from any sub-bus (left main, right main or avionics bus).
d. If power is lost on any of these buses: a bus feeder diode from the right side has failed open and must
be replaced: if not. proceed to Step e.
e. Reset left generator bus tie circuit breaker (200 amp) and turn on left generator switch
f. Open right generator bus tie circuit breaker (200 amp) and turn off right generator switch.
g. Same result as Step c
h. Same as Step d. a bus feeder diode from the left side has failed open and must be replaced.
i. This completes "open diode test."
j. Shut right engine down, turn off right generator switch and proceed to "shorted diode test."
11-44c. TEST FOR SHORT DIODE.

a. Left engine running at (approximately 68% N ).
b Battery master switch on. left generator switch on.
c. Right generator bus tie circuit breaker pulled.
d. Open right main and number I avionics circuit breaker on left generator feed bus.
e. Right main bus and avionics buses should be dead (no electrical power). If either bus is powered.
the bus feed diode from the right side (left main) is shorted and must be replaced if not, proceed to Step f.
f Reset right main bus circuit breaker open in Step e.
g Avionics bus should be dead (no electrical power) if the avionics bus is powered. the bus feed diode
from the right side (right main) is shorted and must be replaced, if not proceed to Step h.
h Open the right main circuit breaker that was reset in Step f (ascertain that avionics bus tie circuit
breaker is in).
i. Reset the avionics No. I circuit breaker that was open in Step d.
j Right main bus should be dead (no electrical power) if right main bus is powered. the bus feeder
diode from the right side (avionics No. 2 bus) is shorted and must be replaced. If not proceed to Step k.
k. Reset all circuit breakers.
1. Start right engine.
m. Shut left engine down.
n. Repeat above procedure for right side.

4C13
11-45. OVERVOLTAGE CONTROL.
11-46. PURPOSE AND OPERATION.The overvoltage control is used to protect electrical circuits and
electronic equipment from excessivevoltage in the event of a chargingcircuit malfunction. The overvoltage
control consists of a mechanical relay and a solid state triggering device. The solid state triggering device
activates the mechanical relay when the voltage reaches a preset value, thereby, opening the relay and
disconnecting the field circuit of the starter-generator. The relay contacts will remain open until the
starter-generator (L or R) is turned off.
11-47. OVERVOLTAGE RELAY OPERATIONAL CHECK.This check should be accomplished at each

500-hour inspection per the following instructions: Access to the overvoltage relay is through the access
panel on the left side of the nose between sta. 49.60 and 81.00. The overvoltage relay is mounted on the
electrical accessory shelf.
a. Pull all circuit breakers to the out (OFF) position except the left and right voltage regulator (10
amps) and left and right generator field (5 amps).
b. Obtain a variable DC voltage power supply and set to zero output.
c. Disconnect the aircraft lead from the "B" terminal on the starter-generator and connect the
power supply positive lead to the aircraft lead removed from the starter-generator "B" terminal. Connect
the power supply negative lead to aircraft ground.
d. Turn the left starter-generator switch to the GENERATOR position. Battery master switch is in
the off position. Turn off all bus tie switches.
e. Obtain a voltmeter and set it to 50-volts DC. Connect the positive lead of the voltmeter to the
output (FIELD) terminal of the left overvoltage relay. Connect the negative lead of the voltmeter airframe
ground.
f. Increase the output voltage of the variable DC power supply until the left overvoltage relay trips
out. (An audible click will be heard when the relay operates and the voltmeter reading must be zero.)
Record the power supply voltmeter reading which was indicated just prior to the overvoltage relay
operating. The voltage must be between 31.5-volts to 32.5-volts.
g. Reduce the power supply to zero. Turn the left starter-generator switch off. Another click will be
heard when the overvoltage relay resets itself for normal operations.
h. Connect power supply to right starter-generator as in Step c and repeat Steps e thru g for right
side.
NOTE
These units are not adjustable. Replace the overvoltage control if

it does not test to specifications.
11-48 REMOVAL OF OVERVOLTAGE RELAY. The overvoltage relay is located on the electrical
accessory shelf located above the upper radio shelf.
a. Remove the access plate on the left side of the nose between sta. 49.60 and 81.00 by turning the
screw type fasteners to release the access plate.
b. Remove the two wires attached with screws.
NOTE
Make note of the place from which the electrical leads were
removed to facilitate reinstallation.
c. Remove the two screws securing the overvoltage relay to the electrical accessory shelf. Remove
overvoltage relay
4C14
VOLTMETER
OFF/ ON
Figure 11-16. Wiring Diagram. Figure 11-17. Landing and Taxi Lights
Test of OVerVoltage Relay
11-49. BENCH TEST OF OVERVOLTAGE RELAY.

a. Connect the relay as shown in Figure 11-16
b Lse a 100 ohm potentiometer of 15 watt rating. or more. to adjust the voltage.
c The voltmeter is used to read the voltage until the relay opens at which time the voltmeter
reading will drop to zero.
d. Overvoltage relay must open when voltage reaches between 31 5 to 32.5-volts at 75°F
NOTE
These units are not adjustable. Replace the overvoltage control if

it does not test to specifications.
11-50 INSTALLATION OF OVERVOLTAGE RELAY

a Place the overvoltage relay in place on the electrical accessory shelf and secure with the
appropriate screws
b Connect the two wires in their correct position and fasten with the appropriate screws.
c Replace the access plate and secure with the screw type fasteners.
11-51 OVERLOAD SENSOR.
11-52 DESCRIPTION OF OVERLOAD SENSOR The overload sensor is designed for remote sensing of
overloads in the aircraft electrical system If an overload should occur in the electrical system. the overload
sensor through a slaved mechanical switch. would open the generator field control circuit breaker. There is
one overload sensor for each starter-generator

4C15
11-53 REMOVAL OF OVERLOAD SENSOR.The overloadsensor is located aft of the engine(L or R) in

the engine nacelle.
a. Gain access to the overload sensor by removing the access plate, which contains the air
conditioning condenservent, secured with screws.
b. The overloadsensor is on the top left-hand corner of the aft fire wall.
c. Remove the 6 electrical leads from the overloadsensor.
NOTE
Make note of the place from which each electrical lead was
d. Remove the two screws securingoverload sensor to aft fire wall. Removeoverload sensor.
11-54. INSTALLATION OF OVERLOAD SENSOR.
a. Position the overload sensor in place on the top left-hand corner of the aft fire wall and secure
with the two screws previously removed.
b. Connect in their correct position the 6 electrical leads previously removed.
c. Replace and secure access cover with the appropriate screws.
11-55 ELECTRICAL SWITCHES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS.
11-56 DESCRIPTION OF OVERHEAD SWITCHES. These switches are located on electroluminescent

panels mounted in royalite trim panels. They are located centrally above the windshield and on the cockpit
ceiling. The switches are of the rocker type.
11-57 REMOVAL OF OVERHEAD SWITCHES.

a. Ascertain that the two starter-generator switches and the battery master switch are in the OFF
position.
b. Remove the screws securing the electro-luminescent panel containing the switch to be serviced.
c. With the electro-luminescent panel unfastened from the royalite trim panel, it is now possible to
gain access to the switch mounting clip at the back of the panel.
d. Working from the rear of the switch, insert a narrow, thin bladed screwdriver between the top of
the switch and the mounting clip, disengage the clip from the switch. Also, do the same at the bottom of
the switch and mounting clip.
CAUTION
Use caution when working on the switches and panels that other
parts and wiring are not damaged.
e. Remove the various electrical leads from the switch. Remove the switch.
NOTE
Make note of the place from which the electrical leads were
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4C16
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
11-58. INSTALLATION OF OVERHEAD SWITCHES.

a. Install the switch in the electro-luminescent panel from the back end of the panel by inserting a
narrow, thin bladed screwdriver between the top of the switch and the mounting clip to help engage the
prongs on the switch body into the clip. Attach the bottom of the switch by the same procedure.
NOTE
The mounting clip has two positions built into it for positioning
the switch. Be sure both upper and lower prongs on the switch
body are in the same position on the clip.
b. Connect the various electrical leads to their correct positions on the switch.
c. Install the switch panel into the royalite trim panel and secure it in place with the appropriate
screws.
d. Check the operation of the new switch to determine correct installation and operation.
11-59. DESCRIPTION OF CIRCUIT BREAKER AND SWITCH PANEL. There are two circuit breaker
and switch panels installed in PA-31T airplanes. The left circuit breaker and switch panel contains circuit
breakers for the left engine and the electrical system. The right circuit breaker and switch panel contain
circuit breakers for the right engines, radio equipment, and various electrical systems applying to the right
side. The circuit breakers are of the manual reset type and must be pushed to be reset after being tripped.
The switches are toggle type and are used for disconnecting the various buses from the system.
11-60 REMOVAL OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS. (Wired Type)

a. Ascertain that the two starter-generator switches and the battery master switch are in the OFF
position and remove the padded trim panel mounted below the circuit breaker and switch panel assembly.
b. Remove the mounting screws on the face of the circuit breaker panel and pull the panel out slightly
to gain access to the screw and nut which connect the wire to the electroluminescent panel at the middle of the
mounting bracket.
CAUTION
Disconnect the battery. Use caution when working on circuit

breakers so that other parts and wiring are not damaged.
c. Remove the knurl nut from the face plate of the circuit breaker panel on the particular circuit
breaker to be removed.
d. Disconnect the electrical lead secured with a screw from the circuit breaker.
NOTE
Make note of the place from which the electrical lead was removed
to facilitate reinstallation.
e. Remove screw securing circuit breaker to bus bar. Remove the circuit breaker from the rear of
the panel.
4C17
11-61. INSTALLATION OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS. (Wired Type)

a. Position the circuit breaker in place and secure to bus bar with appropriate screw.
b. Connect the electrical lead in its proper place and secure with screw.
c. Insert circuit breaker into its proper hole and secure with knurl nut to face plate.
d. Connect the wire from the electroluminescent panel at the middle of the mounting bracket with the
appropriate screw Push the panel back into place and secure with the appropriate mounting screws on the
face of the panel.
e Check the operation of the new circuit breaker to determine correct installation and operation.
11-62. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF PLUG-IN CIRCUIT BREAKERS. Plug-in circuit

breakers can be identified by the absence of retaining nuts on the front of the panel. Ascertain that the two
starter-generator switches and the battery master switch are at "OFF," and release the padded side trim from
beneath the circuit breaker and switch panel assembly.
a. Release the electroluminescent panels by removing the attaching hardware (including two cap nuts
securing the middle of the upper right forward panel).Disconnect the wires connected to the rear of the panels
and lower the panels clear of the circuit breakers.
b Release the panel retaining the circuit breakers by removing the thru screws securing it in place.
c. After removing the circuit breaker retaining panel. the faulty circuit breaker may be pulled from the
assembly and replaced by a new one.
d. Replace. in reverse order. all items removed in the preceding steps.
11-63 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF TOGGLE SWITCHES The procedures for access to. and
replacement of. toggle switches associated with wired-in circuit breaker panels. is similar to the procedure for
that of wired-in circuit breakers given in Paragraph 11-60 and 11-61.
11-64 OIL COOLER SYSTEM
11-65 DESCRIPTION The oil cooling system is comprised of a motor to raise or lower the oil cooler door.
a limit sw itch to sense the position of the oil cooler door: an overhead panel switch with three positions. labeled
OPEN and CLOSE with the middle position off: and an indicator light to indicate when the door is completely
open Oil temperature should be monitored during engine operation and the proper oil cooler door position
should be sent accordingly. There are two of these systems. one foreach engine For adjustments. removal and
installation instructions. refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.
11-66 REMOVAL OF OIL COOLER DOOR INDICATOR LIGHTS. The oil cooler door indicator lights
are located alongside the overhead switch panel.
a. Ascertain that the two starter-generator switches and the battery master switch are in the off
position
b Remove the screws securing the royalite trim panel to which the overhead switch panel is mounted
and let hang from the ceiling
c Unsolder or cut the electrical leads to the indicator light.
NOTE
Make note of the place from which each wire was removed to
facilitate reinstallation.
d Push the indicator light out of the panel by pushing on the back of the indicator light
Revised: 9/23/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4C18
11-67 INSTALLATION OF OIL COOLER DOOR INDICATOR LIGHTS.

a. Insert the indicator light into its proper slot on the trim panel by pushing on the front of the
indicator light until it is in the correct position.
b. Solder the electrical leads to their proper place on the indicator light.
c. Install the royalite trim panel and secure with the appropriate screws.
d. Check the operation of the new indicator light to determine correct installation and operation. The
indicator light is push-to-test type.
11-68 DEICER SYSTEM.
11-69 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. For a complete description and troubleshooting procedures
for the deicer system. refer to Section XIV. paragraph titled Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicing
System. In the following paragraphs are removal and installation instructions for the various electrical
components of the deicer system.
11-70. REMOVAL OF DEICER CONTROL RELAYS. These relays. left and right power control and
motor control relays are located on the relay shelf mounted on the roof of the nose between sta. 49.60 and
sta 81 00. Gain access to the relay shelf as follows:
a. Release the access plate on the right side of the nose section by turning the screw type fasteners
b. Loosen the hose clamps at each end of the muffler assembly. Remove the muffler assembly.
c Release the rovalite cover on the relay shelf by removing the attaching hardware securing it in place
The left and right power control relays are the larger pair of relays with the wire harness secured with
terminal screws The left power control and motor control relays are located in the right side of the relay shelf
and the right power control and motor control relays are on the left side of the shelf. Identify the relay (L or R)
by the codes on the wires connected to the relay. (See Section XV for index to the schematics.) Removal of the
relays (L or R) is as follows
a Disconnect the wiring from the relay (soldered or screw terminal). Tag wiring to aid in future
reinstallation.
b Release the relay by removing the two securing screws. Noting the location ofthe relay just removed
will facilitate proper reinstallation.
11-71. INSTALLATION OF POWER CONTROL RELAYS.

a. Position the relay (L or R) on the shelf and secure with appropriate screws.
b. Connect the 7 wires to their proper terminals with the appropriate screws
c. Check the operation of the new relay to determine correct installation and operation.
1. Turn on ice protection switch.
2 Push in ground test switch.
3 Relay should actuate causing timer to start cycling and deicers to heat.
d Replace royalite cover and secure with the four screws previously removed.
e. Replace the muffler assembly and secure with hose clamps previously removed.
f. Install access plate and secure with the screw type fasteners

4C19
11-72. INSTALLATION OF MOTOR CONTROL RELAYS.

a. Position the relay (L or R) on the shelf and secure with the appropriate screws.
b. Solder the 7 wires to their proper terminals on the relay (L or R).
c. Check the operation of the new relay to determine correct installation and operation of the relay
1. Turn on ice protection switch.
2. Relay should actuate causing the ice deflector door to open.
d. Replace royalite cover and secure with the four screws previously removed.
e. Replace the muffler assembly and secure with hose clamps previously removed.
f. Install the access plate and secure with the screw type fasteners.
11-73. REMOVAL OF DEICER TIMER. The deicer timer (L or R) is located on the electrical accessory
shelf between sta. 49.60 and sta. 81.00.
a. Remove the access plate on the left side of the nose between sta. 49.60 and sta. 81.00 by turning the
screw type fasteners to release the access plate.
b. Disconnect the electrical plug from the top of the timer (L or R).
c. Remove the 4 screws securing the timer to the shelf. Remove the timer.
11-74. INSTALLATION OF DEICER TIMER.

a. Position the deicer timer on the electrical accessory shelf and secure with the 4 screws previously
removed.
b Connect the electrical plug to the top of the timer.
c. Check the operation of the new timer to determine correct installation and operation See
Section XIV. paragraph titled Timer Test.
d Install the access plate and secure with the screw type fasteners.
11-75 LANDING. TAXI AND WING ICE INSPECTION LIGHTS.
11-76 DESCRIPTION These lights consist of two 250 watt lamps which are located on a mounting fixture
secured to the nose gear oleo strut housing. Both lamps are used for landing and one is used for taxiing. The
landing light switch turns on both lamps while the taxi light switch turns on just the one light. Both lamps are
protected by a 20 amp circuit breaker to a solenoid for each light. The landing and taxi lights are also
controlled by the position of the nose gear through a series of switches. When the nose gear is up. the lights
cannot be turned on. or if left on. they are turned off.
The wing ice inspection light. consists of one 50 watt lamp. located on outboard side of left nacelle and
protected by a 5 amp circuit breaker. All switches are located on the overhead switch panel.
11-77. REMOVAL OF LANDING AND TAXI LIGHT. (Refer to Figure 11-17).

a Ascertain the circuit breaker is off before doing any work on the landing or taxi lights.
b To remove either lamp from the mounting fixture. remove the screws from the front of lamp
attachment plate and remove the attachment plate from the mounting fixture.
CAUTION
When removing the attachment plate. use caution not to drop the
lamps.
c. Disconnect the electrical leads from the desired lamp.

4C20
1 23
1. LEFT NACELLE
2. COVER PANEL
3. INSPECTIONLIGHT
Figure 11-18. Wing Inspection Light
INTENTIONALLYLEFT BLANK

4C21
NOTE
Make note of the place from which each electrical lead was removed
to facilitate reinstallation.
d. To remove the complete assembly from the gear strut. disconnect the electrical leads from both
lamps and release the clamps that secure the assembly to the strut housing.
11-78. ADJUSTMENT. There are two adjusting screws on the sides of the mounting pad at the top. These
may be loosened and the entire light assembly tilted to the desired angle.
11-79. INSTALLATION OF LANDING AND TAXI LIGHT.

a. Reconnect the electrical leads to their proper place on the lamps.
b. Place the lamp or lamps against the mounting pad and position the attachment plate and secure with
the appropriate screws.
NOTE
Tighten the screws just enough to allow the lamps to fit snug in the
mounting fixture.
c. Install the landing light assembly against the strut housing with the bottom of the mounting fixture
5.62 inches up from the bottom of the strut housing. (Refer to Figure 11-17.)
d. Align the bracket longitudinally and secure in place with the clamps.
11-80. REMOVAL OF THE WING ICE INSPECTION LIGHT. (Refer to Figure 1-18.)
a. Ascertain the circuit breaker is off.
b To remove light assembly. remove cover panel screws.
c. Remove electrical leads.
d. Remove screws securing lamp in mounting bracket.
11-81. INSTALLATION OF THE WING ICE INSPECTION LIGHT.

a Position lamp in mounting bracket and secure with screws.
b. Reconnect electrical leads.
c Position cover panel on nacelle and secure with screws.
11-82 POSITION LIGHTS.
11-83. DESCRIPTION. There are three position lights in the system: one on each wing tip tank and one on
the tail. They are controlled by a single switch in the cockpit.
4C22
11-84. REMOVALOF WINGPOSITIONLIGHTS. The wing position lights are located on the outboard
side of the wing tip tank.
a. Remove the screw securingthe lens retainer and removelens retainer.
b. Remove the lens and bulb.
11-85. INSTALLATION OF WING POSITION LIGHTS.
a. Install the lens and bulb.
b. Install lens retainer and secure with appropriate screw.
11-86. REMOVAL OF TAIL POSITION LIGHT. The tail position light is located on the tip of the tail.
a. Remove the screws securing the lens retainer and remove the lens retainer.
b. Remove the hub and lens.
CAUTION
Be careful not to damage the strobe lamp located in the same

assembly with the position light.
11-87. INSTALLATION OF TAIL POSITION LIGHT.

a. Install the bulb and lens.
b. Replace the lens retainer and secure with appropriate screws.
11-88. STROBE LIGHTS.
11-89 DESCRIPTION. There are three strobe lights installed on this aircraft. One on each wing tip and
one on the tail assembly. There is a separate power supply for each light assembly. A single ON/OFF switch
and circuit breaker is used to provide protection and control for all three power supplies. Should service be
required on the units, refer to the appropriate removal and installation instructions in the following
paragraphs to gain access to said units.
11-90 REMOVAL OF WING TIP STROBE LIGHT. The lights are located on both wing tip tanks next to
the position lights.
a. Remove the screw securing the lens retainer and remove lens.
b. Remove the three screws mounting the light assembly from the wing tank tip.
c. Pull out the light assembly with strobe light and position light still attached.
d. Disconnect three pin connector to strobe light.
e. Cut the plug off the three wires and discard.
f. Pull strobe lamp out of light assembly and discard with the wires still attached.
1 -91. INSTALLATION OF WING TIP STROBE LIGHT.

a. Position strobe light into place on the light assembly and insert the three wires connected to it
through the hole provided on the light assembly.
b. Insert the three wires into the three pin plug and secure. Wire plug according to schematic
diagram given at the end of this section.
c. Reconnect the three pin connector to the harness from the strobe power supply.
d. Position the light assembly on the wing tip tank.
e. Secure with the appropriate screws the light assembly with the strobe light and position light
attached.
f. Replace the lens and lens retainer and secure with the appropriate screw.
4C23
11-92. REMOVAL OF TAIL STROBE LIGHT. The tail strobe light is located on the tip of the tail in the
tail navigation light assembly.
a. Remove the screws securing the lens retainer and remove lens retainer and lens.
b. Remove the position light bulb and keep.
c Remove screws securing the bottom fairing and lower just enough to gain access to the two plugs
connecting the strobe power supply to the rest of the system.
d. Disconnect the two plugs and remove bottom fairing with the strobe power supply still attached.
e. Disconnect the two pin connector from behind the light assembly.
f. Pull the light assembly out from the tail and discard.
11-93 INSTALLATION OF TAIL STROBE LIGHT.

a. Place the new strobe light assembly on the tail.
b. Reconnect the two pin connector. (With two blue wires attached.)
c. Position the bottom fairing into place. leaving enough room to gain access to the two plugs
connecting the strobe power supply to the system and connect them.
d. Secure the bottom fairing into place with the appropriate screws.
e. Insert the position light bulb previously kept.
f. Replace the lens and lens retainer and secure.
11-94 REMOVAL OF WING TIP STROBE POWER SUPPLY. The wing tip strobe power supplies (L or
R) are located just inside the outboard wing rib.
a Remove the access panel on the bottom of the wing just inside wing sta. 239.00.
b The power supply (L or R) is located inside the outboard wing rib. Disconnect the two electrical
plugs
c. Remove the screws mounting the power supply to the wing. Remove power supply.
11-95 INSTALLATION OF STROBE WING TIP POWER SUPPLY.

a Position the power supply in place and secure with the appropriate screws.
b Connect the two electrical plugs.
c. Install the access panel on the bottom of the wing inside wing sta. 239.00.
11-96 REMOVAL OF TAIL STROBE POWER SUPPLY. The tail strobe power supply is located on the
bottom tail fairing.
a Remove screws securing the bottom tail fairing and lower it just enough to gain access to the two
plugs connecting the strobe power supply to the rest of the system.
b. Disconnect the two plugs and remove bottom fairing with the strobe power supply still attached
c. Remove the screws securing the power supply to the bottom tail fairing. Remove power supply
11-97 INSTALLATION OF TAIL STROBE POWER SUPPLY.

a Position the power supply in place on the bottom tail fairing and secure with the appropriate
screw s.
b Position the bottom fairing into place. leaving enough room to gain access to the two plugs and
connect them
c. Secure the bottom fairing into place with the appropriate screws.
11-98. REMOVAL OF TIP TANK RECOGNITION LIGHT.

a. Remove the screws securing the light assembly to the wing tip tank.
b. Pull the cone out enough to disconnect the electrical wiring to the light.
c Remove the attaching hardware that secures the light in position.
d Replace light and install in reverse order of removal instructions.

4C24
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
11-99. TROUBLESHOOTING.The strobe light assembly functions as a condenser discharge system. A

condenser in the power supply is chargedto approximately 450-volts DC; then dischargedacross the xenon
flash tube at intervals of approximately 50 flashes per minute. The condenser is parallel across the xenon
flash tube which is designed to hold off the 450-volts DC applied until the flash tube is triggered by an
external pulse. This pulse is generatedby a solid state timing circuit in the power supply.
When troubleshooting the strobe light system, it must first be determined if the trouble is in the flash
tube or the power supply. Replacement of the flash tube will confirm if the trouble is in the flash tube or
the power supply. Replacement of the flash tube will confirm if the tube is defective. A normal operating
power supply will emit an audible tone of 1 to 1.5 KHz. If there is no sound emitted, check the system
according to the followinginstructions. Whentroubleshooting the system, utilize the appropriate schematic
at the back of this section.
a. Ascertainthe input voltage at the power supply is 28-volts.
CAUTION
When disconnecting and connecting power supply input
connections, do not get the connections reversed. Reversed
polarity of the input voltage for just an instant will permanently
damage the power supply. The reversed polarity destroys a
protective diode in the power supply, causing self-destruction
from overheatingof the power supply. This damage is sometimes
not immediately apparent, but will cause failure of the system in
time.
When disconnecting the power supply, allow five minutes bleed
down time before handling the unit.
b. Check for malfunction in interconnectingcables.
1. AscertainPins 1 and 3 of interconnectingcable are not reversed.
2. Using an ohmmeter, check continuity between Pins 1 and 3 of interconnecting cable. If a
reading is obtained on the meter, the cable is shorted and should be replaced.
NOTE
A short of the type described in Steps 1 and 2 will not cause
permanent damage to the power supply, but the system will be
inoperative if such a short exists. Avoid any connection between
Pins 1 and 2 of interconnecting cable as this will discharge the
condenserin the power supply and destroy the trigger circuit.
c. Check interconnecting cablesfor shorts.
1. Disconnect the output cables from the power supply outlets.
2. The following continuity checks can be made with an ohmmeter.
3. Check for continuity between the connectors of each interconnecting cable by checking
from Pin 1 to Pin 1, Pin 2 to Pin 2 and Pin 3 to Pin 3. When making these checks if no continuity exists, the
cable is broken and should be replaced.
4. Check continuity between Pins 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 2 and 3 of the interconnecting cable.
If continuity exists between any of these connections, the cable is shorted and should be replaced.
4D1
11-100. WING STROBE AND POSITION LIGHTS. (PA-31TS/N31T-8120001 and upandPA-31TIS N

31T-8104001 and up and PA-31T2 S N 31T-8166001 and up.)
On the aircraft listed above, the wing strobe and position lights are located in the same unit. This assembly
consists of a red or green position light on the front of the assembly and a white light on the aft side. The strobe
light is located in the middle of the assembly. The position and strobe lights are controlled by a separate switch
located on the overhead panel. There is a separate power supply for each wing strobe light assembly and circuit
breakers provide overload protection. Should service be required on the units, refer to the appropriate
removal and installation in the following paragraphs.
11-101 REMOVAL OF WING STROBE AND POSITION LIGHT ASSEMBLIES. (PA-31TS N 31T-
8120001 and up and PA-31TI S N 31T-8104001 and up and PA-31T2 S N 31T-8166001 and up.)
CAUTION
Be careful when removing lens retainer screws, the retainer holds

three lens. Take care not to drop lens.
a. Remove screws securing the lens retainer and remove the lens for lamp replacement.
b. Remove the three screws mounting the light assembly to wing tip.
c. Disconnect the two and three pin connector to remove assembly.
11-102. INSTALLATION OF WING STROBE AND POSITION LIGHT ASSEMBLY.

a Reconnect the two and three pin connector.
b Position light assembly on the wing tip and secure light assembly with the appropriate screws
c Replace the lens and lens retainer and secure with appropriate screws.

4D2
11-102a. LOGO LIGHTS: Are located on the upper side of the left and right stabilizer for vertical tail
illumination. The circuit consist of two 75 watt light assemblies, protected by a 7¼ amp circuit breaker and
controlled by a switch mounted on the overhead switch panel.
NOTES
1. Handling lamp with bare finger will deposit skin oil on lamp.
Remove before illumination of lamp, by cleaning lamp with a
grease-free solvent such as acetone.
2. Prior to checking lamp, place lens cover over light assembly

for eye protection.
3. When adjusting light assembly turn lamp switch off, allow time
for cooling, reflector and lamp become extremely hot.
ll-102b. LOGO LAMP REPLACEMENT.

a. Remove lens screw and lens cover.
b. Remove bulb.
c. Install new bulb, place lens cover over light assembly, apply electrical power and turn on logo
light switch and check for proper illumination of lamp.
d. Place logo light switch in off position, secure electrical power to aircraft, and secure lens cover with
appropriate screw.
11-102c. LOGO LIGHTS ADJUSTMENTS. (Refer to figure ll-18a.) The logo lights are adjustable
horizontal and vertical to illuminate the vertical tail section of aircraft.
a. Remove cover lens screw and lens.
b. Loosen locking clamp retainer screws to rotate reflector forward or aft as required.
c. Loosen the reflector screws on.yoke assembly to adjust up and down as required.
d. Place lens cover over light assembly, apply power to aircraft and turn on logo. light switch. Proper
adjustment is even light coverage of vertical tail section.
e. Place logo light switch in off, prior to securing light assembly, or readjusting light assembly.
f. Remove lens cover and tighten base locking clamp retainer screws and tighten yoke assembly
reflector screws. Reinstall lens cover and secure with appropriate screw.
YOKE
CLAMP
ASSEMBLY
ON HEX NUT
Figure 11-18A. Logo Light Assembly Adjustments
Revised: 2/15/82
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4D3
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
Figure 11-19. Door Ajar Switch
11-103 DOOR AJAR SWITCHES.
11-104. DESCRIPTION. (Refer to Figure 11-19 and Sections XV. XVA - Electrical Schematics.) There are
seven switches wired in parallel located in the cabin door channel; three on each side and one on top. These
switches are adjusted to sense the insertion of the door plungers in their receptacles in the locked position. If
any one of the switches is out of adjustment, and the circuit is completed. the cabin door ajar light will stay on.
The lower forward switch is a two pole switch. The purpose of these switches is to independently provide
ground to the warning light assembly should any one of the locking pins not engage properly. In addition to
these mechanically operated switches. there is also a pressure operated switch located in the line leading to the
door seal from the accumulator tank. This also will trigger the cabin door ajar light when the pressure in the
door seal falls below 12 psig. (Refer to Section XIII or XIIIA. paragraph titled Door Seal System.) On all 1981
models and up. only one (1) door ajar indicator switch is used.
11-105. REMOVAL OF DOOR AJAR SWITCHES.

a Remove the interior trim panel from around the door frame.
b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the switch.
NOTE
facilitate reinstallation.
c Loosen the retainer nut and unscrew the switch from the receptacle. Remove the switch.
Revised: 4/25/83 ELECTRICALSYSTEM

4D4
11-106. INSTALLATION OF DOOR AJAR SWITCHES.

a. Install new switch into latch receptacle located behind the door frame.
b. With the door closed and locked, screw the switch into the receptacle until the switch actuates.
(To the off position.)
NOTE

actuation.
c Secure the switch in this position with the retainer nut.

d. Connect the wires to their proper place on the switch.
e Install the interior trim panel around the door frame.
11-107 ADJUSTMENT OF DOOR AJAR SWITCHES. Due to the fact thattherearesevenswitches wired
in parallel, each one will have to be checked and adjusted separately. This can be accomplished by jumping
the wires at the switches not being adjusted.
a. Before adjusting the switches. ascertain that all the locking pins are adjusted in accordance with
Section IV. paragraph titled Adjustment of Door Latch Mechanism.
b Remove the interior trim panel from around the door frame.
c. With the door closed and locked, screw the switch into the receptacle until the switch actuates
NOTE

actuation.
d When adjustment is satisfactory. tighten the retainer nut on the switch If several switches are
being adjusted. follow the same procedures for each switch.
e Install the interior trim panel around the door frame.
11-108 INTERIOR LIGHTS.
11-109 REMOVAL OF DOME LIGHT.

a. Remove the four screws securing the dome light assembly in the headliner
b Let the light assembly hang from the headliner.
c. From behind the light assembly, remove the light bulb that needs replaced.
11-110. INSTALLATION OF DOME LIGHT.

a. Insert the new light bulb into the socket.
b Position the light assembly in place on the headliner
c. Secure light assembly with the appropriate screws.
11-111 REMOVAL OF OVERHEAD READING LIGHTS. There are four overhead reading lights lo-
cated above the four forward passenger windows.
a. Placing a flat tool between the trim moulding and plate at the center of the unit. pry the plate
out. being careful not to bend it.
b Remove the ground wire from the light assembly and remove the cover over the lamp
c Remove the bulb from the socket.

4D5
11-112. INSTALLATION OF OVERHEAD READING LIGHTS.

a. Insert new bulb into the socket.
b. Replace ground wire and replace lamp cover over the lamp.
c. Install the plate into the trim panel moulding and press into place to secure.
11-113. COURTESY LIGHTS. (On Time Delay.)

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up, and PA-31T1 - 31T-8104001 and up and PA-31T2 S,N 8160001
and up.
11-114. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION. With the aircraft on the ground and the main cabin door is
opened, the courtesy lights system (consisting of two aisle lights, stair lights, and rear exit lights) is auto-
matically turned on. These lights will remain on for twenty minutes and then extinguish. If the operator needs
additional time, he must activate the time delay reset switch for an additional twenty minutes. All lights
extinguish when cabin door is closed. With the aircraft in flight, the aisle lights and rear exit lights are con-
trolled by the forward and aft exit light switches. There is no time delay circuitry involved. One of the three
control switches is located on the forward overhead panel; the remaining two are located aft of the cabin door.
(Time delay switch for ground operation only.) The time delay timer is located on the forward electric ac-
cessory shelf.) (Refer to Figure 11-31 or 11-32 appropriate model for components location.)
11-115. REMOVAL OF THE TIME DELAY TIMER.

a. Ascertain that power is removed by disconnecting battery.
b. Remove the forward access panel left side.
c. Disconnect electrical connector to time delay timer.
d. Remove screws to the time delay timer and remove.
11-116. INSTALLATION OF THE TIME DELAY TIMER.

a. Position time delay timer on accessory shelf and secure with screws.
b. Reconnect electrical connectors.
c. Replace the forward access panel.
d. Reconnect battery for system operation.
11-117. INSTRUMENT LIGHTS. The switch and circuit breakerpanels are oftheelectroluminescent type.
The individual instruments on the instrument panel are lighted by bolt lights. The light intensity of the electro-
luminescent panels and bolt lights are controlled by solid state dimmers. If necessary to remove the solid state
dimmer, use the following instructions.
11-118. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION FOR THE SOLID STATE DIMMER ASSEMBLY (Earlier
Models). The Lamar Solid State Dimmer Assembly is attached to the aircraft electrical supply through the
potentiometer. This supply is switched on and off simultaneously with the low voltage control circuit. A switch
inside the potentiometer controls this on/off function. When the potentiometer's control knob is turned on,
the lighting intensity is very dim. Lighting intensity increases with a clockwise rotation of the potentiometer's
control knob The Lamar Solid State Dimmer serves as a release for excess heat generated when the lights are
dimmed. The solid state dimmer has a unit ground that connects to the forward overhead bulkhead aircraft
ground. A wire leading to the Electro-luminescent Power Supply of the panel lighting system and a wire
leading to the various instrument bolt-lights complete the circuits for both standard solid state dimmer
assemblies.
Revised: 2/15/82
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4D6
11-119. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION FOR THE SOLID STATE DIMMER ASSEMBLY (Later
Models). On these models, the dimmer is controlled by a Bright/OFF/Dim switch located in the overhead
switch panel. In the Bright mode, all panel lights are illuminated to full intensity. In the Dim mode, lighting
intensity may be controlled by any of four potentiometers (when installed), located in the center of the
overhead switch panel. The potentiometers control the lighting for the various panel, avionics and placard
lights in the aircraft. The Solid State Dimmer serves as a release for excess heat generated when the lights are
dimmed.
11-120. REMOVAL OF SOLID STATE DIMMERS (Earlier Models.) The following procedures apply to
both dimmers, the dimmer for the electro-luminescent panels and the dimmer for the instrument lights. The
solid state dimmers are mounted behind the overhead switch panel with the variable resistor projecting
through the royalite panel.
a. Remove the screws securing the royalite trim panel containing the overhead switch panel and let
hang.
b. Remove the knob from the potentiometer which controls the dimmer that is being removed.
c. Remove the nut securing the potentiometer to the front of the panel.
d. Pull the potentiometer out of the overhead instrument panel.
e. Disconnect the red wire from the potentiometer at plug connection.
f. Disconnect white wire from dimmer assembly at plug connection.
NOTE
Make note of the placement of the wires and plugs to facilitate

reinstallation.
g. Remove the screws mounting the dimmer assembly to the aircraft. Remove the dimmer assembly
and potentiometer from airplane.
11-121. INSTALLATION OF SOLID STATE DIMMERS (Earlier Models).

a. Position the solid state dimmer in place behind the overhead switch panel and secure with the
appropriate screws.
b. Connect the white and red wires to the plug connections from which the old assembly was previously
removed.
c. Solder the main harness from the dimmer to the potentiometer. Solder the wires in the same
position as the old assembly.
d. Insert the potentiometer into its proper place on the overhead trim panel.
e. Install nut on the potentiometer securing it to the front of the panel.
f. Install the knob on the potentiometer.
g. Position the overhead trim panel and secure with the appropriate screws.

4D7
11-122. REMOVAL OF SOLID STATE DIMMER (Later Models). The dimmer unit is located behind the
right instrument panel on the aft side of the bulkhead at Sta. 81.00.Accessto the unit is from beneath the
co-pilots instrument panel.
a. Locate the dimmer unit and disconnect the harness connector at the unit.
b. Remove the four screws securing the dimmer unit to the bulkhead.
c. Remove dimmer unit from airplane.
11-123. INSTALLATION OF SOLID STATE DIMMER (Later Models.)

a. Position the dimmer unit in place on the bulkhead at Sta. 81.00 and attach with appropriate
screws.
b. Connect the harness connector to the dimmer unit.
11-124. REMOVAL OF DIMMER SLIDE CONTROLS (Later Models). The slide controls are located
together in the overhead switch panel.
a. Remove the knobs from the slide controls.
b. Remove the screws securing the placard panel to the switch panel and remove placard panel.
c. Remove the screws securing the royalite trim panel containing the overhead switch panel and let
hang.
d. Remove wires from slide control making note of the placement of the wires to facilitate
reinstallation.
e. Bend tabs on slide control to allow removal from panel and pull slide control from panel.
11-125. INSTALLATION OF DIMMER SLIDE CONTROLS (Later Models.)

a. Position slide control in overhead switch panel where previously removed.
b. Bend tabs down to secure slide control to panel.
c. Reconnect the wires to the slide control in the same positions as noted when removed from the old
assembly.
d. Position the overhead trim panel and secure with the appropriate screws.
e. Attach placard panel to switch panel with screws previously removed.
f. Replace the knob previously removed from the slide controls.
11-126. ADJUSTMENT OF SOLID STATE DIMMER (Later Models). There are four adjusting pots
located on the dimmer control box placarded No. I thru No. 4. These pots control the lights as follows:
No. 1-Co-Pilot's Panel (Right); No. 2-Placard Lights (EL); No. 3-Radios (Center); and No. 4-Pilot's
Panel (Left).
a. Ascertain that all panel lights are connected and the bright/dim switch is selected to the dim
position.
b. Set the rheostat controls located on the overhead panel to 1/3 brightness.
c. Adjust the pots to a point where the lights just stop flashing. (If the system is not adjusted properly
or there is a short in the light circuit, the entire channel will flash.)
11-127. REMOVAL OF POWER SUPPLY FOR ELECTRO-LUMINESCENT PANELS. The power

supply is located behind the overhead switch panel.
a. Remove the screws securing the royalite trim panel containing the overhead switch panel and let
hang.
b. The power supply is mounted to the panel. Disconnect the red wire from the plug connection
and the white wire from the bombtail.
c. Disconnect the screws securing the power supply to the panel. Make note of the ground wire
attached to one of the screws. Remove the power supply.
4D8 ELECRICAL SYSTEM

11-128. INSTALLATION OF POWER SUPPLY FOR ELECTRO-LUMINESCENT PANELS.

a. Position the power supply and secure with the appropriate screws. Be sure ground wire is
connected to its proper screw.
b. Connect the red wire at the plug connection from which it was previously removed and secure.
c. Position the royalite trim panel and secure with the appropriate screws.
11-129. TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE FOR THE SOLID STATE DIMMER ASSEMBLIES.

When troubleshooting the solid state dimmer assembly, it must first be determined if the trouble is a defective
dimmer assembly, or a shorted or open connection in the wiring for the unit. Verify that the proper voltage
exists at the dimmer assembly by turning on the map light. If the map light for the appropriate side is
working, then the harness wiring is not shorted or opened as far as the bombtail connection near the map
light. (See appropriate "Panel Lights Schematic" for wiring details.) If the map light is working, gain access
to the dimmer assembly wiring per the instructions in Paragraph 11-120 Removal of Solid State Dimmer.
Locate the red wire on the potentiometer and check for 28-volts DC. If voltage is present, then the dimmer
assembly may be defective. Prior to replacing the solid state dimmer assembly with another unit, ring out
the entire wiring for the system for a possible short. If the wiring is not shorted or open replace the solid
state dimmer assembly.
NOTE
If the optional radio lights dimmer needs servicing, refer to the

Avionics Wiring Diagram Service Manual for the appropriate
wiring information. (See Section XII.)
11-130. ANNUNCIATOR PANEL.
11-131. ANNUNCIATOR CONTROLLER.
11-132. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION. The annunciator controller is powered through 28 VDC left
main bus and the number 2 battery bus. The circuit is protected by 5 amp fuse and 5 amp circuit breaker. The
annunciator controller is an integral part of the annunciator display circuit. Each channel of annunciator
controller is displayed on the annunciator display panel as a system that is being monitored. The annunciator
controller has two adjustment pots. one for each oil temperature indicator. (Refer to paragraph 11-136 for
adjustment procedures.) The annunciator controller only activates the master caution warning, should a
system failure occur that is essential to flight. (Refer to the appropriate P.O.H. for emergency procedures.)
11-133 REMOVAL OF ANNUNCIATOR CONTROLLER.

a. Located aft of baggage compartment on the right side on nose, accessible through the access panel
between station 35.00 and 46.00.
b. Remove electrical power by disconnecting battery.
c. Remove plastic straps that secure connect plugs springs, and disconnect electrical connectors.
d. Remove securing screws and remove annunciator controller.
11-134. INSTALLATION OF ANNUNCIATOR CONTROLLER.

a Position annunciator on bracket assembly and secure with appropriate screws.
b. Reconnect electrical connectors, and secure connect springs with plastic straps.
c. Reconnect battery.
d. Replace access panel and secure.

4D9
11-135. ANNUNCIATOR PANEL LAMP REPLACEMENT. The annunciator panel is located on the
lower center instrument panel above the pedestal.
a. Remove the two screws projecting from the face of the annunciator panel.
b. Pull the face off the annunciator panel.
c. Remove the particular lamp for replacement by pulling on the lamp.
d. Keep the two wire leads on the new lamp straight and push into place.
e. Push the "Push To Test" switch to check operation of the lamp.
f. Position the face of the annunciator panel and secure with the two screws previously
removed.
11-136. ANNUNCIATOR PANEL (OIL TEMPERATURE INDICATOR) ADJUSTMENT

PROCEDURE. These adjustments apply to the oil temperature lights only. On early models, the adjustment
screws are recessed in the annunciator panel directly above the indicator lights. On later models they are
located on the annunciator controller which is mounted on the right upper fuselage between STA. 49.00 and
STA. 81.00. They are labeled: left oil temperature and right oil temperature. Adjustments made on aircraft
having the annunciator controller will require two people, one in the airplane and one up front at the
controller.
a. Remove upper and lower cowlings from both engines.
b. The oil temperature probes are located on the lower, aft, right side of both left and right engines.
c. Locate and remove electrical connectors El 16, from the left oil temperature probe, and E217, from
the right oil temperature probe.
d. Place a resistive load of 128 ohms across pin A and B of electrical harness connectors El 16 and
E217. Use a locally fabricated test box (See Schematic, Oil Temperature; Right and Left).
e Ascertain the left fuel flow, left oil temperature, right fuel flow, right oil temperature and the panel
circuit breakers are pushed into their ON position.
g. Gain access to the adjusting screws. On earlier models remove the annunciator panel face by
removing appropriate screws. On later models, gain access to the controller by removing the access panel
between STA. 49.00 and 81.00 on the right side of the airplane.
h. Apply power to the annunciator panel by placing the master switch in the ON position. Observe the
needle on both the left and right oil temperature gauges, it should be deflected to the red line near the 100°C
position on the gauge.
NOTE
On later models, having the annunciator controller, the master

caution button must be depressed to cutout a time delay circuit (3-5
seconds) before any adjustments are made
i. With a small slot head screwdriver, adjust the left channel by turning the left oil temperature
adjusting screw clockwise to illuminate the left oil temperature annunciator light. Then turn the adjusting
screw counterclockwise slowly until the left oil temperature annunciator light extinguishes. Repeat the first
step by turning the adjustment screw clockwise very slowly to illuminate the left oil temperature annunciator.
j. Adjust the right channel in the same manner as the left channel in step i.
NOTE
In order to properly calibrate both channels, it may be necessary to

reaccomplish steps i and j several times to achieve simultaneous
activation of the oil temperature lights. On aircraft having the
annunciator controller, place protective covers over adjustment
pots when adjustments are complete. ^

k. Upon completion of adjustment procedure, decrease the resistive load on the left oil temperature
probe harness connector E116 by 3 ohms by pressing the switch on the test box. The left oil temperature
annunciator panel light should extinguish. Repeat the same change in resistive load for the right oil
temperature probe harness connector E217 and the right oil temperatue annunciator light should extinguish.
1. Place the aircraft master switch in the OFF position and remove the resistive load from both the left
and right oil temperature probe electrical harness connectors.
m. Connect electrical connector E 116 to the left oil temperature probe and electrical connector E217 to
the right oil temperature probe.
n. Install and secure annunciator face plate, on earlier models, or the access panel between STA. 49.00
and 81.00, on later models.
o. Install the left and right engine cowlings and secure.
11-137. NO SMOKING, FASTEN SEAT BELT ANNUNCIATOR.
11-138. NO SMOKING, FASTEN SEAT BELT ANNUNCIATOR LAMP REPLACEMENT. The

annunciator is recessed in the cabin headliner.
a. Remove legend plate from annunciator by sliding plate lengthwise from the right side and lifting up
on the left side.
b. Remove the particular lamp for replacement by pulling on the lamp.
c. Replace legend plate in reverse manner of removal.
d. Access to wiring on back of annunciator may be gained by removing the small access plate directly
aft of annunciator.
11-139 CHIMES. NO SMOKING, FASTEN SEAT BELT ANNUNCIATOR.
11-140. PURPOSE. The chimes assembly give audible tone to draw attention to the annunciator display
lights.
11-141. REMOVAL OF THE CHIMES ASSEMBLY.

a. Chimes assembly is located aft of the annunciator display lights in the recess portion of the cabin
headliner
b. Remove electrical power by pulling (push pull) circuit breaker.
c. Remove cover panel screws and remove panel from headliner carefully (the tone speaker is mounted
on upper side of panel).
d. Disconnect electrical connectors to chimes assembly.
e. Remove mounting screws and remove chimes assembly (system groundwire is grounded through
mounting screw).
11-142. INSTALLATION OF THE CHIMES ASSEMBLY.

a. Position chimes assembly on mounting bracket and secure with appropriate screws and secure
groundwire to mounting bracket also.
b. Reconnect electrical connectors.
c. Take care when positioning cover plate in cabin headliner not to pinch speaker wires.
d. Reset (push pull) circuit breaker.
e. Check chimes assembly by pressing cabin call switch, and seat belts and no smoking switch for
operation check.
Reissued: 2/6/81
4D11 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
11-143. STALL WARNING SYSTEM. The stall warning system for the PA-3 T and all Cheyennes prior to
1978 is an integrated part of the Stability Augmentation System, therefore, for information regarding the stall
warning system, refer to paragraph 11-148.A description of the stall warning system for the PA-31T1 is given
below.
11-144. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. The stall warning system for the PA-31TI consists of a lift
detector which is electrically connected to a stall warning horn. As stalling conditions are approached, the
lift detector will activate the stall warning horn.
The lift detector is located on the leading edge of the right wing. A tab will extend beyond the leading
edge at the point where the lift detector is mounted. With the master switch in the ON position; gently lift
tab: stall warning horn should activate.
11-145. REMOVAL OF LIFT DETECTOR.
NOTE
The master switch must be off prior to performing any work on

the lift detector or warning horn. Place reference marks on holding
plate and wing skin for use when reinstalling lift detector.
a. Remove four screws holding the plate around the tab. The lift detector is fastened to this plate;
remove the unit from the wing.
b. Mark the electrical wires and terminals to facilitate reinstallation. Remove electrical wires from
lift detector; remove lift detector from aircraft.
11-146. INSTALLATION OF LIFT DETECTOR.

a. Attach electrical wires to their correct terminals on the lift detector.
b Position the lift detector with its mounting plate on the wing, determining that the sensor blade
drops down freely: secure in position with the four screws previously removed.
11-147. ADJUSTMENT OF LIFT DETECTOR. The lift detector switch is adjusted at the factory when
the airplane is test flown, and should not require any further adjustment during the normal service life of
the airplane. Should some type of service on the wing require removing the switch, the following
instructions will help in positioning the switch at the proper position.
Loosen the two Phillips head screws; one on either side of the vane. If the stall warning comes on too
late. move the switch up. If the stall warning comes on too early, move the switch down. Retighten the
screws after making any adjustments.
CAUTION
Never try to adjust the switch by bending the vane.
The only way to test the accuracy of the setting is to fly the airplane into a stall condition and NOTE
the speed at which the stall warning comes on. The stall should be made with the flaps and landing gear up
and power off. It may be necessary to make several test flights and alternate adjustments before the desired
setting is obtained. The stall warning should come on not less than five, or more than ten miles per hour
before the actual stall occurs.

4D12
NOTE
POINTER AND PROTRACTOR
SUPPLIED WITH AIRCRAFT
1. ANGLE OF ATTACK VANE (SENSOR)

2 POINTER ASSEMBLY (FOR CHECK PURPOSE ONLY)
3. VANE CALIBRATOR PROTRACTOR (FOR CHECK PURPOSE ONLY)
4. SAS COMPUTER
5. CO2 CARTRIDGE
6. LEFT PITOT HEAT SWITCH
7 STALL MARGIN INDICATOR
8. POWER WARNING LIGHT
9 RAM WARNING LIGHT
10. SAS TEST SWITCH
11. SAS SERVO MOTOR
12. HYDRAULIC CYLINDER
13. ELEVATOR DOWN SPRING (REPLACE AFTER 2,000 HOURS)
14 HYDRAULIC FLUID RESERVOIR
15 STALL WARNING LIGHT
16. STALL WARNING HORN
Figure 11-20 Stability Augmentation System Layout Diagram

4D13
11-148. STABILITYAUGMENTATIONSYSTEM.
11-149. DESCRIPTION OF STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM. The Stability Augmentation
System (SAS) consistsof four major components, plus a three position test switch. Also incorporated in the
system is a power warning light, a ram warning light and a stall warning light and horn. The major
components are a Stall Margin Indicator, Computer, Angle of Attack Vane (Sensor) and a ServoActuator.
The Angle of Attack Vane mounted on the right side of the nose section of the aircraft, senses the
angle of attack by the airflow deflectingthe vane either clockwiseor counterclockwise.This information is
fed to the computer. The computed output derived from this information is utilized as follows: 1. To
drive the Stall MarginIndicator mounted on the instrument panel which displays the aircraft flight regime
as follows: STALL, red area of indicator; STALL WARNING,red and black barber pole area of indicator;
1.3, white area of indicator: CRUISE, green area of indicator. 2. To drive the Servo Actuator which is
attached by a cable assembly to the elevator down spring. The elevator down spring is attached to the
elevator horn assembly by an additional cable, which provides a variable elevator down spring tension
designed to improve aircraft static longitudinal stability. 3. To activate the stall warning light and horn
when the aircraft approaches a stall speed situation.
The SASincorporates a panel mounted, three position test switch, which is spring loaded to the center
position. The function of the switch positions are as follows: Far left position labeled 1.0 TEST, to
simulate a stall condition; the center position for no test conditions (normal flight position); the far right
position labeled 1.3 TEST, to simulate 1.3 times the stall speed with the same configuration and power.
The SAS improves the static longitudinal stability of the Cheyenne thus permitting more versatile
loading. Should the SAS malfunction, the panel mounted warning lights will illuminate. If the malfunction
is due to a power failure, the power warning light willilluminate. If the malfunction is due to a Computer,
Vane and/or Servo Actuator failure, the ram warning light will illuminate. In any event should the SAS fail.
the aircraft is equipped with a Stability Augmentor Emergency Override System as standard equipment.
The pilot at his discretion can activate this system by pulling the lanyard actuator located on the right side
of the pedestal. For additional information on this system, refer to Paragraph 11-169.
11-150. REMOVAL OF COMPUTER. The computer is located under the forward baggage compartment
floor between sta. 24.00 and sta. 37.00.
a. To gain access to the computer, open the forward baggage compartment door on the left side of
the nose.
b. Remove baggage compartment carpeting from the floor to uncover the access panels.
c. Remove the right and center access panels fastened with screws on the baggage compartment
floor between sta. 24.00 and sta. 37.00.
d. The computer is mounted on a longitudinal beam. Disconnect the 2 electrical connectors from
the computer.
e. Remove the 4 screws securing the computer to the longitudinal beam. Remove the computer
from the aircraft.
11-151. INSTALLATION OF COMPUTER.

a. Position the computer on the longitudinal beam and secure with the 4 screws previously
removed.
b. Connect the 2 electrical connectors to the computer and secure.
c. Install the right and center access panels on the forward baggage compartment floor between sta.
24.00 and sta. 37.00 and secure with the appropriate screws.
d. Install the baggage compartment floor carpeting.
e. Close forward baggage compartment door.
f. Check computer for correct installation and operation. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4D14
11-152. REMOVAL OF ANGLE OF ATTACK SENSOR VANE. The sensor vane is mounted on the right
side of the nose between sta. 9 and sta. 24.
a. Open the forward baggage compartment door and remove the right side panel in the forward
baggage compartment by removing the screws securing the panel to the fuselage.
b From inside the forward baggage compartment disconnect the sensor vane electrical connectors.
c From the right side of the aircraft remove the six screws securing the vane to the aircraft skin.
d Remove the sensor vane from the airplane.
11-153. INSTALLATION OF ANGLE OF ATTACK SENSOR VANE. (Refer to Figure 11-23.)

a Insert the sensor vane into the appropriate cutout in the aircraft skin.
b From the right side of the aircraft secure the vane with the appropriate screws.
c From inside the forward baggage compartment connect sensor vane electrical connections
d Check operation of sensor vane. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
e. Install the right side panel in the forward baggage compartment and secure with appropriate
screws
11-154. REMOVAL OF STALL MARGIN INDICATOR. The Stall Margin Indicator is located in the
upper left side of the instrument panel structure. The left shock-mounted instrument panel must be removed
to gain access to the indicator.
a Unsnap the forward side of the instrument panel cover and slide forward enough to allow it to
move from its attachment slot Remove the cover from over the panel.
h Pull the control wheel that is at the opposite side of the instrument panel from where the shock-
mounted panel is to be removed. to its aftmost position and secure with a cord tied between the wheel and
around the seat back.
c Pad the control wheel tube with foam rubber or similar material
d Remove the four self-locking nuts that secure the floating panel to its shock mounts There is one
nut located on each side of the control wheel tube and one nut located at each side of the panel. near the
top With an open end wrench held next to the backside of the panel. hold the rubber mounts from twisting
as the nuts are being removed
e Pull the panel back and allow it to rest on the padded control wheel tube
f Disconnect the wires from the rear of the Stall Margin Indicator. Identify wires to facilitate
reinstallation
g Remove the three mounting screws from around the face of the Indicator. also the bolt light for
the Indicator
h Remove the Indicator from the airplane.
11-155 INSTALLATION OF STALL MARGIN INDICATOR.

a Position the Indicator in its proper panel cutout and secure with appropriate screws and install
and secure bolt light
b Connect the wires to the Indicator.
c Check operation of Stall Margin Indicator. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168 )
d Ascertain that one end of the ground strap is placed over the panel side of the shock mount stud
e Place the floating panel in position and allow the shock mount attachment studs to protrude
through the panel Install and tighten attachment nuts.
f Remove the padding and release the control wheel.
g Place the instrument panel cover in its attachment slot and snap fastener to secure cover.
11-156 REMOVAL OF SERVO MOTOR. The Servo Motor is located on the left side of the fuselage aft
of the rear baggage compartment
a Remove the access panel on the left side of the fuselage between sta. 274 and sta. 296 by turning
the screw type fasteners to release the panel.

4D15
b. Remove the screwssecuring the servo cover to the servo case and remove the servo cover.
c. Disconnect the electrical connector from the servomotor.
d. Loosen the turnbuckle with caution aft of the down spring to release tension on cable attached
to servo motor arm. If actuator arm is at upper scribemark, use caution when disconnectingdown spring as
additional tension is present.
e. Remove the bolt and nut securingthe cable assemblyterminal to the servo motor arm.
f. Remove four nuts and bolts securingthe servo motor to the bulkhead.
g. Remove the servo motor from the airplane.
11-157. INSTALLATION OF SERVO MOTOR. (Refer to Figure 11-21.)
a. Position the servo motor on the bulkhead and secure with four nuts and bolts previously
removed.
b. Insert cable assembly terminal in servo motor arm and secure with nut and bolt previously
removed.
c. Adjust turnbuckle aft of down spring as required to obtain a cable tension of 23 ± I pound on
the cable forward of the down spring. Verify actuator arm is at lower scribe mark and elevator is full down
when adjusting cable tension.
d. Connect the electrical connection to the servo motor.
e. Check operation of servo motor. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
f. Install servo motor cover and secure with appropriate screws.
g. Install access plate on left side of fuselage between sta. 274 and sta. 296 and secure with screw
type fasteners.
11-158. REMOVAL OF TEST SWITCH. The Test Switch is located in the upper left side of the
instrument panel structure. The left shock-mounted instrument panel must be removed to gain access to the
Test Switch.
a. Unsnap the forward side of the instrument panel cover and slide forward enough to allow it to
b. Pull the control wheel that is at the opposite side of the instrument panel from where the
shock-mounted panel is to be removed, to its aftmost position and secure with a cord tied between the
wheel around the seat back.
c. Pad the control wheel tube with foam rubber or similiar material.
d. Remove the four self-locking nuts that secure the floating panel to its shock mounts. There is one
nut located at each side of the control wheel tube and one nut located at each side of the panel, near the
top. With an open end wrench held next to the backside of the panel, hold the rubber mounts from twisting
as the nuts are being removed.
e. Pull the panel back and allow it to rest on the padded control wheel tube.
f. Unsolder the wires from the switch terminals. Identify wires to facilitate reinstallation.
g. Remove the nut securing the switch to the instrument panel.
h. Remove the switch from the airplane.
11-159. INSTALLATION OF TEST SWITCH.

a. Position the switch in its proper panel cutout and secure with nut previously removed.
b. Solder the wires to the correct terminals of the test switch.
c. Check operation of test switch. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
d. Ascertain that one end of the ground strap is placed over the panel side of the shock mount stud.
e. Place the floating panel in position and allow the shock mount attachment studs to protrude
f. Remove the padding and release the control wheel.
g. Place the instrument panel cover in its attachment slot and snap fastener to secure cover.
11-160 REMOVAL OF SAS WARNING LIGHTS. The two warning lights, Ram and Power, are located in

4D16
UPPER SCRIBE MARK
CENTER SCRIBE MARK

RB POTENTIOMETER ADJUSTMENT
LOWER SCRIBE MARK
Figure 11-21. SAS Servo Motor
upper left side of the instrument panel structure. The instrument panel cover must be removed if the light
assembly is being repaired or replaced.
NOTE
To replace a defective bulb simply unscrew the lens housing and

replace the defective bulb.
a. Unscrew the lens housing from the light assembly.

b. Unsnap the forward side of the instrument panel cover and slide forward enough to allow it to
c. Remove the nut securing the light assembly to the instrument panel.
d. From behind the instrument panel structure, pull the light assembly out of the panel.
e. Unsolder the wires from the light assembly. Identify wires to facilitate reinstallation.
f. Remove the light assembly from the airplane.
11-161 INSTALLATION OF SAS WARNING LIGHTS.
a. Solder the wires to the terminals of the light assembly.
b. Install the light assembly in its proper panel cutout and secure with nut previously removed.
c. Install the bulb and lens housing on the light assembly.
d. Check operation of warning lights. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
e. Place the instrument panel cover in its attachment slot and snap fastener to secure cover.
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4D17
11-162. REMOVAL OF STALL WARNING LIGHT. The stall warning light is located on the top of the
instrument panel in front of pilot.
b. Remove the knurled nut securing the stall warning light to the panel.
c. From behind instrument panel, pull stall warning light out of panel.
d. Unsolder the wires from the stall warning light terminals. Identify wires to facilitate
reinstallation.
11-163. INSTALLATION OF STALL WARNING LIGHT.

a. Solder the 3 wires to their proper terminal on the light.
b. Insert the light into its proper place on the panel and secure with knurled nut.
c. Check operation of stall warning light. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
d. Place the instrument panel cover in its attachment slot and snap fastener to secure cover.
11-164. REMOVAL OF STALL WARNING FLASHER. The Stall Warning Flasher is located behind the
left shock-mounted instrument panel.
b. Pull the control wheel that is at the opposite side of the instrument panel from where the
shock-mounted panel is to be removed, to its aftmost position and secure with a cord tied between the
wheel and around the seat back.
c. Pad the control wheel tube with foam rubber or similiar material.
d. Remove the four self-locking nuts that secure the floating panel to its shock mounts. There is one
nut located on the panel at each side of the control wheel tube and one nut located at each side of the
panel, near the top. With an open end wrench held next to the backside of the panel, hold the rubber
mounts to eliminate twisting as the nuts are being removed.
e. Pull the panel back and allow it to rest on the padded control wheel tube.
f. Disconnect the leads of the flasher unit and also the wire connected to the clamp around the
body of the unit. Identify leads to facilitate reinstallation.
g. Remove the flasher unit from the airplane.
11-165 INSTALLATION OF STALL WARNING FLASHER.

a. Connect the appropriate wire to the clamp around the body of the flasher unit and secure with
appropriate screw.
b. Connect the flasher unit leads to the appropriate aircraft wiring.
c. Check operation of flasher unit. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
d. Ascertain that one end of the ground strap is placed over the shock mount stud.
e. Place the floating panel in position and allow the shock mount attachment studs to protrude
f. Remove the padding and release the control wheel.
g. Place the instrument panel cover in its attachment slot and snap fastener to secure cover.
11-166. REMOVAL OF STALL WARNING HORN. The stall warning horn is mounted on a channel
assembly below the instrument panel above the pedestal.
a. Access is gained to the stall warning horn by going underneath the instrument panel.
b. From behind the channel assembly, remove the two nuts securing the wires to the stall warning
horn and the stall warning horn to the mounting plate.
2/6/81
Reissued: 2/6/81
Reissued: ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4D18
Re - RAM BIAS
SW- STALL WARNING
GM -GAIN METER -
Figure 11-22. SAS Computer
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4D19
NOTE
Mark the wires and terminals on the horn to facilitate

reinstallation.
c. Pull stall warning horn out of channel assembly and remove from the aircraft.
11-167. INSTALLATION OF STALL WARNING HORN.

a. Insert stall warning horn into channel assembly underneath the instrument panel above the
pedestal.
b Put the two wires on their correct mounting stud and secure horn and wires with the two nuts
previously removed.
c. Check horn for correct installation and operation. (Refer to Paragraph 11-168.)
11-168. PIPER STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM CALIBRATION PROCEDURE. The

following listed calibration procedures of the Piper Stability Augmentation System must be performed in the
sequence listed from beginning to end. This will determine if the system has a malfunction and/ or needs
ground adjustment prior to flight. If the servicemen find a malfunction in the system, it must be corrected
prior to proceeding with the remaining tests. If a component is proved faulty and replacement is required,
the servicemen, upon replacement of component, must start at the beginning of the calibration procedures.
This will facilitate a complete check of the system. These checks do not require the use of any special test
equipment. other than the Pointer and Protractor supplied with the aircraft.
NOTE
This adjustment requires two servicemen and must be conducted

in full anytime a component of the system has been replaced or
repaired.
CAUTION
Prior to applying power to the system, check continuity of system

wiring to verify shorts and/or opens do not exist. (Refer to ap-
priate Stability Augmentation System Schematic in Section XV.)
This check is very important as shorts and/or opens will destroy
certain computer functions.
a. Place the Left Engine Bus Tie Switch, Right Engine Bus Tie Switch and the Non-Essential Bus Tie
Switch to the OFF position. Pull all Essential Bus Circuit Breakers to the OUT position.
b. Remove the SAS Computer from beneath the floor of the forward baggage compartment (refer
to Paragraph 11-150) and remove cover from computer to gain access to adjustment potentiometers.
c. Connect electrical connectors of aircraft harness to computer.
d. Affix protractor at designated point on fuselage and attach pointer to sensor vane. (Refer to
Figure 11-23.) (Pointer and protractor supplied with this aircraft.) Rotate sensor vane counterclockwise to its
lower stop; then adjust sensor vane pointer to 4.5 + .5° position on protractor.
e. Remove the access plate on the left side of the fuselage betwen sta. 274 and sta. 296 by turning
the screw type fasteners to release the access plate to gain access to the servo actuator. Remove screws
securing guard to actuator case and remove guard.
f. Actuate the following circuit breakers: SAS Monitor, SAS Motor, A A Computer and Stall
Warning.
g. Turn ON Battery Master Switch or connect External Power to aircraft.

4D20
NOTE
To remove power from the aircraft electrical system when external

power is being used, simply remove the external power plug from
the external power receptable of the aircraft.
h. Press the ram warning light and the power warning light located on the left instrument panel.
Verify each light illuminates when pressed.
NOTE
If the lights fail to illuminate when pressed, check DC power and

circuit breakers. If lights still fail to illuminate replace lamps.
i. Rotate sensor vane as required to place vane pointer at 44° position on protractor.
j. The Stall Margin Indicator (SMI) pointer should move to the left-hand edge of the red stall area.
If necessary, adjust ZM potentiometer (refer to Figure 11-22) as required to position SMI pointer at
left-hand edge of red stall area.
NOTE
Clockwise rotation of potentiometers moves SMI pointer

clockwise. All potentiometers in computer are 14 turn
potentiometers.
k. Rotate sensor vane as required to place vane pointer at 22.5 ° ± .5 position on protractor.
1. The SMI pointer should move to 1.3 position. If necessary, adjust GM potentiometer (refer to
Figure 11-22) as required to position SMI pointer at 1.3 position.
NOTE
If unable to align SMI pointer to correct reading, the following

may be defective:
1. Lack of power to indicator (power fault light illuminated);
check SAS monitor circuit breaker and/or associated wiring.
2. Sensor vane defective (ram warning light illuminated); replace
sensor vane.
3. SAS Computer defective; replace computer.
4. SMI defective; replace indicator.
m. Rotate sensor vane both clockwise and counterclockwise through its full travel. SMI pointer
movement should be smooth and continuous.
NOTE
If SMI pointer movement is not smooth and continuous, the

following may be defective:
1. Sensor vane defective; replace sensor vane.
2. Stall Margin Indicator defective; replace indicator.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4D21
CALIBRATOR PROTRACTOR
NOTE
POINTER AND PROTRACTOR
SUPPLIED WITH AIRCRAFT
Figure 11-23. SAS Angle of Attack Vane with Check Equipment Installed
n. Depress and secure the Oleo Squat Switch in the right wheel well in the closed position.
o. Rotate the sensor vane as required to place the vane at the 20° position on the protractor.
p. Observe, actuator arm should be at the center of its travel, using rivet on actuator case for
alignment reference point. (Refer to Figure 11-21.) If necessary, adjust RB potentiometer (refer to Figure
11-22) as required to align the actuator arm to its center position, using the rivet on the actuator case for
alignment reference point.
q. Rotate the sensor vane as required to place the vane pointer at the 10° position on the
protractor.
r. Observe, actuator arm should be aligned with lower scribe mark on actuator case: (Refer to
Figure 11-21 )
s. Slowly rotate the vane clockwise until servo lifts from lower scribe mark. This threshold vane
angle should be 17° +0.-2 ° .
t. Rotate the sensor vane pointer to 25° .5 ° position on the protractor.
u. Observe actuator arm should be aligned with the upper scribe mark on the actuator case.
v. Rotate the sensor vane clockwise to its stop and determine that the actuator arm does not move
further than .25 of an inch beyond the observed position noted in Step "u".
w Rotate sensor vane to the 34 + .5°-0° position. This should place the SMI pointer in the yellow
'slow' area, just to the right of the Barber pole area. Stall warning horn should actuate.
1. If stall warning occurs before the vane reaches the 34° .5°-0 ° position, adjust SW
potentiometer (refer to Figure 11-21) counterclockwise until stall warning horn ceases. Then adjust SW
potentiometer clockwise very slowly until stall warning horn actuates.
0°
2. If stall warning actuation has not occured with the vane at the 34° + .5 ° -
position, adjust
the SW potentiometer very slowly in a clockwise direction until aural stall warning occurs.

4D22
Figure 11-24 SAS Stall Margin Indicator
NOTE
If stall warning actuation does not occur or can not be adjusted to

actuate at the correct position, the following may be defective:
1. Lack of power to stall warning circuit (power fault light
illuminated); check stall warning circuit breaker and/or
associated wiring.
2. Stall warning light and/or horn may be defective; replace stall
warning light and/or horn.
3. Computer may be defective; replace computer.
x. Actuate the Stall Warning Heat circuit breaker. Place the Left Pitot Heat Switch (located in the
overhead switch panel) in the ON position. Verify vane heat bv touching vane (ONE (1) MINUTE
MAXIMUM TIME FOR THIS CHECK.) A good vane will be drawing 3 .4 from 28 vdc. at the end of this
one minute
CAUTION
The vane temperature can get hot to the touch (400°F+). The
heater should not be left on for more than one (1) minute to
prevent heater runaway and possible damage.

4D23
y. Turn Left Pitot Heat Switch OFF and pull the Stall Warning Heat circuit breaker. Release Oleo
Squat Switch in right wheel well.
z. Move the panel mounted test switch to the 1.0 test position and hold.
aa. SMI pointer should move to the left-hand edge of the red stall area. If necessary, adjust Tl.0
potentiometer (refer to Figure 11-22)as required to position SMI pointer at left-hand edge of red stall area.
ab. Move the panel mounted test switch to the 1.3 test position and hold.
ac. SMI pointer should move to the 1.3 position. If necessary, adjust Tl.3 potentiometer (refer to
Figure 11-22) as required to position SMI pointer at 1.3 position on indicator. Release test switch.
NOTE
Should Test Switch fail to operate in either and/or both positions,

the following may be defective:
1. Lack of power to test switch; check SAS circuit breakers
and/or associated wiring.
2. Defective test switch; replace test switch.
ad. Systematically pull out and then push in each of the following circuit breakers: A/A Computer,
Stall Warning and SAS Motor.
ae. The power warning light should illuminate when each circuit breaker is pulled out and should
extinguish when pushed in.
NOTE
If the power warning light fails to illuminate, the computer may

be defective.
af. Rotate the sensor vane to either extreme.

ag. Wait 30 seconds; then pull out the SAS Motor circuit breaker.
ah. The power warning light should illuminate.
ai. Rotate the sensor vane to the opposite extreme.
aj. The ram warning light should illuminate within 10 seconds.
ak. Actuate the SAS Motor circuit breaker. Power warning light should extinguish.
al. The ram warning light should extinguish within 40 seconds.
NOTE
If the ram warning light fails to illuminate and/or extinguish, the

computer or servo motor may be defective.
am. This completes the Sequential Test and Ground Adjustment Procedure. Procedure is not
complete until Flight test has been favorably completed.
an. Reinstall computer (refer to Paragraph 11-151) and check press to test features to verify
computer connections are correct.
ao. Remove the sensor vane pointer.
NOTE
This completes the initial ground set-up procedure. The calibration
procedure is not complete until flight test has been conducted and
- post flight test adjustments have been made.
Revised: 9/23/81 ELECTRICALSYSTEM

4D24
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
11-169. SAS IN FLIGHT CHECK.

a. Stall the aircraft (gear and flaps extended, power off) using an entry rate of not more than 1
mph/sec.
NOTE
The stall speed should coincide with flight manual speeds, within +
2 mph, and the stall margin indicator pointer position should be
within the solid red stall area when stall occurs.
b. If the pointer is not located as noted in Step "a," record the pointer position by marking the
indicator bezel with a pencil mark in line with the pointer centerline.
c. Multiply the indicated stall speed by the factor 1.3 and stabilize the aircraft airspeed at this
computed speed with the gear and flaps extended, power off.
d. The stall margin indicator pointer should be within the white 1.3 area.
e. If the pointer is not within the 1.3 white area, record the pointer position by marking the
indicator bezel with a pencil mark in line with the pointer centerline.
f. Determine the stall warning indication by slowly decreasing the airspeed until the warning occurs.
NOTE
Aural stall warning should occur at an airspeed within 5 to 10 mph

(4 to 9 Kts.) above stall speed obtained in step "a" regardless of
the SMI pointer position.
g. If the stall warning does not meet the 5 to 10 mph requirement, record the position of the stall
margin indicator pointer on the bezel with a pencil mark.
h. Establish the aircraft in a flap and gear up, full power climb at an airspeed of 122 KIAS.
i. Record the stall margin indicator pointer position by marking a pencil mark on the instrument
bezel in line with the pointer centerline.
CAUTION
Do not attempt any adjustments until all vane angles marked

during the flight check have been determined and recorded. This
must be accomplished in the identical sequence as the ground
set-up procedure.
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4E1
11-170. SASPOST FLIGHT CHECK.

a. Replace the pointer and protractor, then remove the fuselage access plate to the actuator in the
rear fuselageand the actuator cover so the actuator arm is visible.
b. Determine vane angles derived during flight test by rotating vane to align needle with marks on
indicator. Do not attempt any adjustments until all vane angles marked during the flight check have been
determined and recorded.
c. If readjustment is necessaryfor any previously established vane angle, repeat the entire ground
set-up procedure utilizing the newly establishedangleswhere appropriate.
d. Place the vane on the angle determined for the climb speed.
e. If the actuator is not aligned with the lower scribe mark within .25 of an inch. adjust RB pot so
that the actuator willjust start to move when the vane is moved clockwise. If it is necessaryto adjust the
RB pot, reverify all other angles for proper operation of the servo and indicator presentation after this
re-adjustment.
f. Record the vane angles if different from the nominal stated in Paragraph 11-168,for future
reference during ground calibration re-check.
g Place the panel mounted test switch to 1.0 position and adjust T1.0 pot as required to position
SMI pointer at right edgeof red stall area.
h. Place the panel mounted test switch to 1.3 position and adjust T1.3 pot as required to position
on stall margin indicator.
i. Removeall pencil marks from bezel of stall marginindicator.
j. Refly to verify revisedset-up.
4E2
11-171. SAS CALIBRATION PROCEDURE SUMMARY. (Refer to Figure 11-24.)
1. Place the Left Engine Bus Tie Switch, Right Engine Bus Tie Switch and the Non-Essential Bus Tie
Switch to the OFF position. Pull all Essential Bus Circuit Breakers to the out position.
2. Remove the SAS Computer from beneath the floor of the forward baggage compartment and remove
cover from computer to gain access to adjustment potentiometers. Connect electrical connectors of
aircraft harness to computer.
3. Affix protractor at designated point on fuselage and attach pointer to sensor vane. Protractor and
pointer are supplied with aircraft log books. Rotate sensor vane counterclockwise to its lower stop and
hold; then adjust sensor vane pointer to 4.5 ° ± .5° position on protractor.
4. Remove the access plate on the left side of the fuselage between sta. 274 and sta. 296 by turning the
screw type fasteners to release the access plate to gain access to the servo actuator. Remove screws
securing guard to actuator case and remove guard.
5. Actuate the following circuit breakers: SAS Monitor, SAS Motor, A/A Computer, and Stall Warning.
6. Turn on Battery Master Switch or connect External Power to the aircraft.
7. Apply power and verify press to test features operate.
8. Position the vane pointer at the 44 ° position on the protractor.
9. Adjust ZM POT to position SMI pointer on the left hand edge of the stall area.
10. Position the vane pointer at 22.5 + .5 ° on the protractor.
11. Adjust the GM POT to position the SMI pointer at the 1.3 Vs position on the indicator.
12. Position the vane pointer at the 20° position on the protractor
13. Adjust the RB POT to position the servo actuator arm at the center of its travel.
14. Rotate vane pointer to the 10° position on the protractor.
15. Rotate vane slowly clockwise until servo actuator arm just begins to move from the bottom position.
This angle must be 16° + 1° .
16. If necessary adjust RB POT to accomplish Step 15.
17. Rotate vane pointer to the 25 ° + .5° position on the protractor.
18. Observe that the servo actuator arm is at the full up position.
19. Clamp closed the right gear squat switch.
20. Rotate the vane pointer to the 34 ° + .5 ° - 0 ° position on the protractor. This should place the SMI
needle close to the right hand edge of the barber pole area on the indicator in the yellow area
21. Adjust the SWPOT to give AURAL stall warning at this position.
22. Actuate stall warning heat and left pitot heat circuit breakers. Place the left pitot heat switch to the
ON position. Verify vane heat by touching vane. (ONE (1) MINUTE MAXIMUM TIME FOR THIS
CHECK.)
23. Turn left pitot heat switch OFF and pull the stall warning heat and left pitot heat circuit breakers.
Release Oleo squat switch.
24. Place panel mounted test switch to 1.0 position and adjust T1.0 pot as required to position SMI
pointer at left edge of red "STALL" area.
25. Place panel mounted test switch to 1.3 position and adjust T1.3 pot as required to position SMI
pointer at 1.3 position on stall margin indicator.
26. This completes the ground set-up of the Stability Augmentation System.
27. Do not attempt any further adjustments until all vane angles marked during flight have been
determined and recorded.
28. If readjustment is necessary for any previously established vane angle, repeat the entire ground set-up
procedure, utilizing the newly established angles, where appropriate.
29. Rotate the vane to duplicate the SMI needle at the point marked during climb speed test.
30. This vane position should coincide with Step 15.
31. If it is necessary to adjust the RB POT to satisfy this position, reverify all other angles for proper
operation of the servo and indicator presentation after this adjustment.
4E3
11-172. STABILITY AUGMENTOR EMERGENCY OVERRIDE SYSTEM. The Stability Augmentor

Override System is standard in all PA-31T series aircraft. The purpose of this system is to provide the pilot
with override capabilities should the Stability Augmentation System malfunction or become inoperative in
flight.
This is a manually triggered pneumatic system, utilizing gas pressure from a sealed C02 Cartridge for
actuating power. The primary components of the system are: a manual release mechanism, a CO2
Cartridge, a hydraulically damped pneumatic actuator and the necessary plumbing. A cable assembly,
attached to the end of the actuator piston rod, increases the tension of the elevator down spring when the
Emergency Override System is activated. (Refer to Figure 11-25 for system layout diagram.)
To activate the system, pull the ring, located on the upper right side of the pedestal. This pierces the
C02 Cartridge and releases gas pressure to the lower port of the pneumatic actuator, driving the piston
upward and applying increased tension to the elevator down spring. Hydraulic fluid, on the upper side of
the actuator piston is forced through an orifice at the upper port to provide the necessary damping. This
fluid passes through a clear plastic tube to a storage reservoir. Approximately 15 seconds are required for
complete system travel
A mechanical lock on the actuator piston rod prevents the actuator from drifting if the gas pressure
should leak off. Thus, full down spring tension is maintained until the Stability Augmentation System can
be repaired. After repairs have been completed, the Emergency Override System must be rearmed. This is
accomplished in accordance with the following instructions:
a. Remove the access panel on the left side of the fuselage between sta. 274 and sta. 296 by turning
the screw type fasteners to release the panel.
b. Loosen the pressure release nut on the C02 line attached to the bottom actuator port to relieve
any trapped pressure and disconnect CO2 line.
c. Release the mechanical lock on the actuator piston rod and slowly extend the rod. The hydraulic
fluid level should be checked as follows: The clear plastic line should be full of fluid with a minimum
amount in the reservoir with the rod fully extended. Should the fluid level in the clear plastic line indicate
less than previously stated, add hydraulic fluid (MIL-H-5606) as required to fill the plastic line.
d. Connect the end of the CO2 line to the bottom actuator port and secure.
e. Safety the C02 mechanism at the pedestal.
f. Install a new CO2 Cartridge.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4E4
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
1390
LOCK
CHECK CABLE TENSION

HERE (SEE NOTE 1)
NOTES
1 23 POUNDS TENSION ON EARLIER
MODELS AND 10 1 POUNDSTENSIONON
MODELS WITH SERIAL NUMBERS 31T-
7920053. 31T-8020001 AND UP. WITH
ARM FULL DOWN OR IN RELAXED
POSITION. ELEVATOR DOWN AND
CONTROLWHEEL AGAINST STOP
2 THE ELEVATOR DOWN SPRING (SAS)
MUST BE REPLACED AFTER EACH 2000
HOURS OF OPERATION
Figure 11-25 SAS Stability Augmentor Emergency Override System
4E5
11-173. A.O.A. SENSOR VANE POTENTIOMETER AND HEATER ELEMENT CHECKS. (Refer to
Chart 11-1and Figure 11-25a.) The following checks will require a digital or vacuum tube D.C. voltmeter
(DVM or VTV M). an ohmmeter and an amp meter.
a Potentiometer test. using a D.C. digital voltmeter (DVM or VTVM):
NOTE
DO NOT measure potentiometer wiper contact resistance with an

ohmmeter. as this tends to destroy the wiper contacts. To determine
wiper potentiometer quality, measure wiper D.C. voltage, with a
DVM or VTVM.
I Open the nose baggage compartment and remove the plastic cover that protects the A.O A.
sensor (SAS vane) housing. from the nose baggage compartment panel.
NOTE
If Rosemount model 861CDI A.O.A. sensor is installed, and the

SAS system is not operating properly, refer to the latest revision of
Piper Service Letter No. 835 for information concerning the replace-
ment of the A.O.A. sensor with model 861CD2 mod B. If
Rosemount model 861CD2 A.O.A. sensor is installed, consider
having the above modification installed per Piper Service Letter
No. 835 These units are not field repairable, return to the
Rosemount factory or contact your Cheyenne Service Center: some
Service Centers have set up exchange programs.
2 Pull back the remaining trim panel enough to pull out connectors E439 and E441. connected
to the A O.A sensor wires.
3. With the SAS switch "ON" and while using a DVM or VTVM. ground check the
potentiometers by measuring their voltages.
4 At the orange and white orange wires, measure the output voltage from the computers two
+20 VDC regulators. These two wires should measure close to +20 VDC above airframe ground. and they must
not differ by more than .3 VDC. or the model 20L(1) computer is bad.
5. While slowly moving the vane up and down. measure wiper voltage to airframe. on the red.
and then on the white red wires The voltage reading must change smoothly between +2 volts (vane up) to
about +19 volts (vane down) above airframe ground. or the A.O.A. sensor is bad.
6. Measure the voltage between the red and the white /red wires, while moving the vane slowly
up and down On these two wipers the voltage should change in unison. so any measured voltage from wiper
to wiper is potentiometer tracking error. The computer has a comparison circuit that constantly monitors the
voltage difference between these two wires: it turns on the SAS fail light when this difference gets larger than
1 5 VDC
b Case heater test: (No case heat causes intermittent "SAS FAIL.")
1. Check the case heater by leaving the SAS system turned on for five or more minutes, and then
placing your hand up against the metal case. where you can see the model number.
2 The case heater can also be checked by measuring from pin 3 of connector E441 (black wire) to
pin 5 of connector E439 (white wire with black stripe) for 44 ohms of resistance.
Added: 7/2/84
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4E6
c. Vane deice heater test:

I Check the heater by switching on the left pitot heat, having one person holding onto the vane.
while another person presses (and holds in) the right main gear safety switch. Let go of vane at the first signs of
heating
2. The heater can also be bench tested with a 28 volt power supply. Connect the power supply to
connector E441. pin 3 (black wire). and pin 4 (grey wire) for one minute. The current (A.C. or D.C.) should
drop to three amperes (+ 4a). at the end of one minute. and there should be signs of heating. (A switch on surge
of 10 amperes is alright.)
11-174. REPLACEMENT OF ELEVATOR (SAS) DOWN SPRING. (Refer to Figure 11-25.) The
elexator (SAS) down spring must be replaced after every 2.000 hours of aircraft operation.
a. Gain access to the elevator (SAS) down spring by removing the access panel on the left side of the
tail section at fuselage station 296.0.
b. Ascertain that the SAS servo actuator arm is full down or in the relaxed position: the elevator is
down and the control wheel is against its stop.
c. Disconnect the turnbuckle which connects the SAS down spring to the cable assembly going to
the elevator horn
d Remove the old SAS down spring and replace with a new one (P N 51484-00) and reconnect the
turnbuckle.
e With the SAS servo arm in the full down position, the elevator down and the control wheel against
its stop. tighten the turnbuckle until the tension specified in Note 1 of Figure 1 1-25 is obtained when checking
cable tension at the location shown in Figure 11-25. Safety the turnbuckle and install the access panel
Make the appropriate logbook and inspection manual entries.

4E7
vANE WIPERS INDICATOR BLOW

SERVO
ANGLE (VTVM) CURRENT HORN
SET ZM AND GM SET RB
POTENTIOMETER
+8 D C VOLTS
GND.
+10
+5
+14
FULL
DOWN \
+16
+18
D E

4E8
SERVO
SAS COMPUTER
HORN
SAS VANE
Figure 11-25a. A.O.A. Sensor Schematic
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Added: 7/2/84
4E9
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLE XI-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM)

STARTER-GENERATOR
Unit fails to operate or Low voltage power source. Check the power source to
does not attain normal make certain that full
speed. voltage is being applied
to starter terminals.
Defective switch in power Replace switch.

supply line.
Defective starter sole- Replace solenoid.

noid.
Damaged armature. Replace the armature

assembly.
Short circuited or open Replace the stator

stator windings. assembly.
Improperly seated Check brush seats and

brushes. increase brush run-in
time.
Eccentric commutator. Refinish commutator.

(Refer to Paragraph
11-13, a.)
Excessive sparking Short circuited or Replace stator

at brushes. grounded field assembly.
windings.
Excessive clearance in Replace bearings.

bearings or rough bear-
ing races.
Eccentric commutator. Refinish commutator.

(Refer to Paragraph
11-13, a.)
Short circuit in Replace armature

armature windings. assembly.
Brushes incorrectly Reverse and reseat

installed with top brushes.
bevel reversed.

4E10
TABLE XI-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM) (cont.)
Excessive sparking Insufficient brush Run in brushes until

at brushes. (cont.) run-in proper seated. (Refer to Para-
seating. graph 11-13.f.)
Severe overload or short Locate and correct fault.
circuit in aircraft
electrical system.
Brushes sticking in Free-up brushes.
holders.
Weak brush springs. Replace brush holders.
Brushes loose in holder. Replace brushes. If still
loose, replace brush
holder assemblies.
Noisy operation. Rough bearings. Replace bearings.

Scored or worn drive Replace drive shaft.
splines.
Fan blades bent 2nd Straighten or replace
rubbing. fan.
Unit vibrates. Unbalanced armature Balance or replace

assembly. armature assembly.
Excessive run-out of Replace armature bearings.
armature bearings.
Generator produces full Voltmeter leads reversed. Connect voltmeter

voltage - but with correctly.
reversed polarity.
Residual magnetism in Flash the field in accord-
field poles creates wrong ance with Paragraph
polarity. 11-13.g
Generator overheats. Continuous overload. Check aircraft electrical

system for grounds, etc.
Make correction as nec-
essary.

4E11
TABLE XI-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM) (cont.)
BATTERY-DISCONNECT SOLENOID
Does not operate. Open circuit. Repair wiring.
Dirty contacts on con- Clean contacts.

nector plug.
Open-circuited solenoid Replace unit.

coil.
Plunger binding. Remove and wash plunger

and housing thoroughly
with carbon tetrachloride.
Change spring compression
only as a last resort.
Intermittent oper- Short-circuited coil. Replace coil. Clean and

ation. Loose electrical con- tighten electrical con-
nection. nections.
Plunger binding. See remedy pertaining to

"Plunger binding" under
"Does not operate."
Badly burned points. If points cannot be

dressed down, replace
the unit.
STROBE LIGHT
Flash tubes do not Flash tube exposed to Replace flash tube.

fire. very high temperature.
Leak around seal of the Replace flash tube.
wire to the glass.
Flash tubes con- Flash tubes are self- Replaceflash tube.

tinuously glow a ionized.
light blue.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued:2/6/81 4E12
TABLEXI-V. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(ELECTRICALSYSTEM)(cont.)
DOORSEALCIRCUIT
Cabin door unsafe Latching relay sticking Lubricate the mechanical

light will not go in the open position. parts (sparingly) with
out. "Glide Air" or
equivalent.
Switch or switches in Adjust per Paragraph

door frame out of 11-107.
adjustment.
Defective pressure Replaceswitch.

switch.
Short to ground. Check wiring and

repair.
Cabin door unsafe Circuit breaker open. Reset circuit breaker.

light will not come
on. Broken wire or loose Check and repair wiring.
connection.
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4E13
TABLE XI-VI. CIRCUIT LOAD CHART
CURRENT DRAIN
CIRCUIT NO. OF UNITS PER UNIT
BREAKER DUTY OPERATING IN AMPERES
CIRCUIT VALUE ITEM CYCLE SIMULTANEOUSLY AT 28.5V
AIR INTAKE 15 HEAT ELEMENT (PARTING INT. 2 14.3

DEICE (L OR R) STRIP)
ANNUNCIATOR 3 INDICATOR CIRCUITS INT. 1 .80
PANEL
ANTI-COLLISION 10 3 STROBE LIGHTS. 3 CONT. 3 1.85
LIGHTS STROBE POWER SUPPLIES
CABIN COMFORT 10 COMPRESSOR CLUTCH INT. 1 1.80
CONTROL BOX INT. 1 .50
HEATER ASSEMBLY INT. 1 3.60
HEATER FUEL FILTER INT. 1 1.80
HEATER FUEL PUMP INT. 1.80
RECIRCULATING FAN INT. .10
RELAY
CABIN MAP AND 5 CABIN READING LIGHTS INT. 3 .51
DOOR UNSAFE DESK LIGHTS INT. 2 .40
LIGHTS DOME LIGHTS INT. 1 .79
DOOR UNSAFE WARNING INT. 2 .04
LIGHT
MAP LIGHTS INT. .13
3
NO SMOKING/FASTEN INT. 3 .04
SEAT BELTS
CABIN PRESSURE 5 CABIN DOOR SEAL CONT. 1 .90
CONTROL SOLENOID
CABIN DUMP VALVE CONT. .90
SOLENOID
VACUUM RELIEF SOLENOID CONT. 1 .90
CABIN PRESSURE 5 WARNING LIGHT INT. 1 .04
INDICATOR
CONDENSER BLOWER 15 FAN MOTOR & RELAY INT. 11.6
DIRECTIONAL GYRO 2 INSTRUMENT CONT. .50
(L OR R}
FUEL FLOW& OIL 3 INSTRUMENT SENDERS CONT. 1 1.04
TEMP. (L OR R)
FUEL PUMP 1 5 PUMP MOTOR CONT. 4.0
(L OR R)
FUEL PUMP 2 5 PUMP MOTOR 4.0
(L OR R)

4E14
TABLE XI-VI CIRCUITLOAD (cont.)
CURRENT DRAIN
CIRCUIT VALUE ITEM CYCLE SIMULTANEOUSLY AT
FUEL QUANTITY 3 INDICATOR & SENDERS CONT. 1 1.0

FUEL SENSING 5 HEATING ELEMENT CONT. 1 4.92
(L OR R)
GEAR DOWN 5 INDICATOR LIGHTS INT 3
INDICATION
GEAR WARNING & 5 GROUND WARNING RELAY INT. .30
SOLENOID LANDING LIGHT GROUND INT. .50
SOLENOID
MOTION LIGHT INT. 1 .04
SELECTOR LOCK SOLENOID CONT. 1 1.14
WARNING HORN INT. 1 .30
GYRO HORIZON 2 INSTRUMENT CONT. 1 .50
(L OR R)
HOURMETER & 5 INSTRUMENT & SENDER CONT. .03
OA.T.
HYDRAULIC GOVERNOR 5 SOLENOID VALVE INT. .90
TEST (L OR R)
ICE PROTECTION & 5 DEFLECTOR MOTOR INT. 1 4,1
CONTROL (LOR R) INDICATOR LIGHT INT. 1 .04

MOTOR CONTROL RELAY INT. 1 .50
POWERRELAY INT. 1 .50
IGNITION SYSTEM 5 IGNITION UNIT INT. 3.5
(L OR R) INDICATOR LIGHT INT. 02
LANDING & TAXI 20 CONTROL SOLENOIDS INT. 3 .50
LIGHT LANDING LIGHT INT. 8.9
(250 WATT)
TAXI LIGHT INT. 1 8.9
(250 WATT)
WING INSPECTION LIGHT INT. 1 1.80
(50 WATT)
LOW PITCH & 3 BETA RANGE INDICATOR INT .04
BETA SYSTEM LIGHT
(L OR R) LOCK PITCH SOLENOID INT. 1.1
PROXIMITY SWITCH CONT. 1 .01
AMPLIFIER
OIL COOLER 5 INDICATOR LIGHT CONT. .04
(L OR R) MOTOR INT 41

4E15
TABLEXI-VI. CIRCUIT LOADCHART(cont.)
CURRENT DRAIN
CIRCUIT VALUE ITEM CYCLE SIMULTANEOUSLY AT 28.5V
PANEL LIGHTING 5 ELECTROLUMINESCENT CONT. 13 .09

PLACARDS
POST LIGHTS (STANDARD) CONT. 40 .04
POST LIGHTS (OPTIONAL) CONT. 13 .04
PITOT HEAT 10 HEATING ELEMENT CONT. 1 7.1
(L OR R)
POSITION LIGHTS 5 TAILLIGHTS CONT. 1 1.04
WING LIGHTS CONT. 2 .90
PROP & AIR 20 HEAT ELEMENT (INTAKE AIR) INT. 14.2

INLET DEICE SHEDDING AREA 1
(L OR R) HEAT ELEMENT (INTAKE AIR) INT. 1 12.6
SHEDDING AREA 2
HEAT ELEMENT (PROP) INT. 16.0
TIMER CONT. 1 .01
PROP 5 CONTROL AMPLIFIER CONT. 1 1.0
SYNCHRONIZER MOTOR CONT. 1 1.0
RECIRCULATION 15 FAN MOTOR INT. 1 11.6
FAN
STALL WARNING 5 WARNING LIGHT & HORN INT. 1 .16
STARTER CONTROL 5 FIELD RELAY INT. 1 .40
(L OR R) FUEL SOLENOID INT. 1 .50
POWER SOLENOID INT. 1 1.0
SURFACE DEICE 5 ENGAGE SOLENOID INT. 1 1.3
INDICATOR LIGHT INT. 1 .04
TIMER & RELAY INT. 1 .24
TURN & BANK 2 INSTRUMENT CONT. 1 .82
(L OR R)
VOLTAGE REGULATOR 10 REGULATOR & FIELD CONT. 10.0
(L OR R) CIRCUIT
WINDSHIELD HEAT 25 HEATING ELEMENT INT. 1 23.0
(L OR R) SOLENOID INT. 2 .50
TIMER INT. 1 .01
WINDSHIELD WIPER 10 MOTOR INT. 1 4.6
WING FLAP MOTOR 25 MOTOR INT. 1 12.0
WING FLAP MOTOR 5 BRAKE RELAY INT. 1 .10
CONTROL INDICATOR CIRCUIT INT. 1 .09
SOLENOID INT. 1 .50
4E16
TABLEXI-VII. LAMPREPLACEMENTGUIDE
Location Piper Part No. Lamp No.
WingTips 753 478 A-1285-G/-R

Taillight 753 477 A458
Wing Inspection Light 472 049 4593
Landing Light 472 769 4596 (250W)
Reading Light 758 152 MS35478-305
Fuel Selector Panel 472 028 327
Ammeter Lights 453 792 1828
Alternator Warning 472 815 10-251-R-FB38
Voltmeter 453 792 1828
Instrument Bolt Lights 472 028 327
Compass Light 472 028 327
No Smoking - Fasten Seat Belt 472 789 10-0246-7
Forward Baggage 472 057 313
Gear Down Warning 472 028 327
Gear Unlocked, Red 472 028 327
Stall Warning 472 028 327
Dome Light 758 151 MS15584-15
Refreshment Table 472 057 313
-Strobe Lights - Wing Tips 761 157 A427
Strobe Light - Tail 757 635 A456
Map Lights 472 052 304
Ice Detection Light PS10008-4593
Annunciator Panel Lights 2312
SAS Warning Lights 472 028 327
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4E17
FLAP SELECTORSWITCH
DOWN POSITION
APPROACHPOSITION
(UP TO DOWN)
FLAP SELECTORSWITCH
APPROACHPOSITION
(DOWN TO UP)
SEEWING FLAP MOTOR & CONTROL

Figure 11-26. Wing Flap Switch
POWER TO
SAFETY RH SAFETY
ITCH SWITCH
NOSE GEAR SAFETY SWITCH FUNCTION

1. PROPELLER REVERSE: LOCK OUT IN AIR
RIGHT-HAND AND LEFT-HAND SYSTEM.
COMPLETE CIRCUIT IN FLIGHT.
SWITCH
POWER FOR
LH SYSTEM RH SYSTEM
SEE LANDING GEAR
Figure 11-27 Safety Switch Function
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4E18
PRESS VACUUM HANDLE SAFETY

SOLENOID SOLENOID
ICE WARN
PROTECTION HORN
LEFT-HAND SAFETY SWITCH FUNCTION

1. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM - VACUUM
SOLENOID SWITCH PROVIDES ELECTRICAL
GROUND WHEN AIRCRAFT IS ON THE
2. GROUND.
LH SWITCH 2. ICE PROTECTION (PROPELLER AND INLET
HEAT) PROVIDES ELECTRICAL GROUND TO
COMPLETE SYSTEM WHEN AIRCRAFT IS IN
THE Al R.
3. a. PROVIDES PATH FOR ELECTRICITY TO
GROUND POWER PASS TO GEAR WARNING HORN WHEN
AIRCRAFT IS ON THE GROUND.
b. PROVIDES PATH FOR ELECTRICITY TO
PASS TO HANDLE SOLENOID WHEN
AIRCRAFT IS IN THE Al R.
OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN

PIN PIN PIN PIN
POWER TO
STALL WARN POWER
HORN AND LIGHT POWER TO POWER FOR LH
ANGLE OF FOR RH SYSTEM
ATTACK VANE SYSTEM
RIGHT-HAND SAFETY SWITCH FUNCTION

1. a. S.AS. VANE HEAT OPENS ELECTRICAL
CIRCUIT TO VANE WHEN AIRCRAFT IS
ON THE GROUND.
b. STALL WARNING ON GROUND IS
LOCKED OUT. ELECTRICAL FLOW IS
COMPLETED IN FLIGHT.
2. PROPELLER REVERSE LOCK OUT IN FLIGHT
(RIGHT-HAND AND LEFT-HAND SYSTEM)
COMPLETES CIRCUIT IN FLIGHT.
SEE LANDING GEAR
Figure 11-27 Safety Switch Function (cont.)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
4E19
EL476
LEFT
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 4/25/83
4E20
EL477
Figure 11-29 Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems.

PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up (Typical)

4E21
Figure 11-30 Basic Aircraft Electrical Bus Systems.
4E22
4E22
ELECTRICAL ACCESSORY SHELF
Figure 11-31. Component Location. Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf ( Early Models)

4E23
1 RECIRCULATOR 9 STALL WARNING 17 TAXI LIGHTSOLENOID
2 RIGHT ENGINE STARTER RELAY 10 COMPRESSOR CLUTCH RELAY 18 LANDING GEAR LIGHTSOLENOID
3 LEFT ENGINE STARTER RELAY 11 LEFT VOLTAGE REGULATOR (DC 19 COMBINATION AIR BLOWER
4 OPTIONAL AUX HEAT RELAY CONTROL PANEL) SOLENOID
5 POWER CONTROL RELAY, LEFT 12 RIGHT VOLTAGE REGULATOR (DC 20 LEFT WINDSHIELD SOLENOID
DEICE CONTROL PANEL) 21 LEFT WINDSHIELD TIMER
6 POWER CONTROL RELAY, RIGHT 13 LEFT ENGINE DEICE 22 LEFT WINDSHIELD HEAT RELAY
DEICE 14 RIGHT ENGINE DEICE 23 STALL WARNING RESISTOR
7 MOTOR CONTROL RELAY. LEFT 15 LIGHTS TIMER 24 EL PANEL INVERTER
DEICE 16. LANDING LIGHT SOLENOID
8 MOTOR CONTROL RELAY, RIGHT
DEICE
Figure 11-32 Component Location. Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf
PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S N 31T-8104001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
4E24
1 ANNUNCIATOR CONTROLLER 12 RIGHT WINDSHIELD HEAT SOLENOID

2 LIGHT TIME DELAY 13 LANDING GEAR LIGHT SOLENOID
3 LANDING LIGHT SOLENOID 14 RECOGNITION LIGHT SOLENOID (OPT )
4 RIGHT WINDSHIELD HEAT COIL 15 DIMMER CONTROL BOX
5 LEFTWINDSHIELD HEAT COIL 16 RESISTOR (WINDSHIELD
6 LEFT WINDSHIELD HEAT SOLENOID 17 RIGHT VOLTAGE REGULATOR
7 TAXI LIGHT SOLENOID 18 LEFT VOLTAGE REGULATOR
8 FLAP CONTROL AMPLIFIER 19 LEFT STARTER RELAY
9 RIGHT WINDSHIELD HEAT TIMER 20 RIGHT STARTER RELAY
10 STALL WARNING HEAT DROPPING 21 INVERTER
RESISTOR 22 STALLWARNING HEAT
11 LEFT WINDSHIELD HEAT TIMER RELAY
23 ECS BY-PASS RELAY
Figure 11-33. Components Location. Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf
PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166001 and up

4F1
D161
FWD
A-MAIN POWER PANEL NOTE

SEE FOLLOWING GRIDS FOR PANEL
B -ACCESSORY PANEL COMPONENT BREAKDOWN
C -PANEL
D-ANNUNCIATOR COMPUTER
Figure 11-34 Forward Electrical Panel Locations. Cheyenne IA
Added: 1/5/84
4F2
A - MAIN POWER PANEL
1 RIGHT VOLTAGE REGULATOR

2 LEFT VOLTAGE REGULATOR
3 LEFT WINDSHIELD HEAT TIMER
4 LEFT WINDSHIELD HEAT RELAY
5 RIGHT WINDSHIELD HEAT TIMER
6 RIGHT WINDSHIELD HEAT RELAY
7 LEFT WINDSHIELD HEAT CONTACTOR
8 RIGHT WINDSHIELD HEAT CONTACTOR
9 COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER RELAY
10 LANDING GEAR LIGHT RELAY
1 TAXI LIGHT RELAY
12 LANDING LIGHT RELAY
13 GROUND BUSS
Figure 11-34 Forward Electrical Panel Locations. Cheyenne IA (cont
Revised: 3/23/84 4F3 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

1 LIGHT TIMER DELAY 9 RIGHT DEICE POWER CONTROL

2 WINDSHIELD WIPER RESISTOR RELAY
3 AUTO IGNITION RELAYS (OPT 10 STALL WARN RELAY
4 LEFT AND RIGHT ENGINE 11 RIGHT STARTER RELAY
DEICE TIMERS 12 LEFT STARTER RELAY
5 STALL WARNING RESISTOR 13 AUX HEAT RELAY
6 LIGHTS INVERTER 14 RECIRC FAN RELAY
7 COMPRESSOR CLUTCH RELAY
8 LEFT DEICE POWER CONTROL
RELAY
Figure 11-34 Forward Electrical Panel Locations. Cheyenne IA (cont )

4F4
4F5 THRU 4L24

4F5
AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD5 OF8
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
II
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
I
CHEYENNE
PA-31T1
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
II XL
CHEYENNE
PA-31T2
PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION
JULY2,1984
753826
PARTNUMBER 5A1 REVISION:
INTERIM 15,1997
OCTOBER
SERIALNUMBERINFORMATION
PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
PA-31T1, CHEYENNE I
with general specifications of Aerofiche adopted by General Aviation Manufacturer's Association, (GAMA)
Example: 2J 16 Aerofiche card number two of given set, Grid location J16.
To aid in locating the various chapters and related service information desired, the following is provided

Revision Publication Date AeroficheCardEffectivity
CR810206 February 6, 1981 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
IR860220 February 20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30,1986 3
IR860821 August 21, 1986 1
IR871009 June 15, 1988 2
IR900313 March 13, 1990
IR941019 October 19, 1994 1 and2
IR950320 March 20, 1995 1
IR971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8

manual.
Interim Revision:10/15/97 5A3

SECTIONINDEX
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROFICHECARD NO. 2
VIII POWER PLANT ( PA-31T AND PA-31T1) 2111
AEROFICHECARD NO. 3
IX FUEL SYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 4
AEROFICHECARD NO. 5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
(PA-31T AND PA-31T1) 5B1
AEROFICHECARD NO. 6
AEROFICHECARD NO. 7
( PA-31T AND PA-31T1 ) 7A5
AEROFICHECARD NO. 8
XVA ELECTRICALSCHEMATICS(PA-31T2) 8A5
5A4
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
12-1. Battery Connections; Two Year-Magnesium ....................................................... 5A12

12-2. Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic ......................... 5A 3
12-3. Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic ................ ........ A14
12-4. Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic (Narco) ......... ................................... 5A 16
12-5. ELT Portable Folding Antenna (Narco) ............................ .......................... 5A17
12-6. ELT Using Fixed Aircraft Antenna (Narco) ........................................................ 5A17
12-7. Avionics Master and Emergency Switch Circuit ................................................... 5A19
12-8. Avionics Antenna Locations ......... .............................. 2....................... 5
13-1. Heating System Flow Diagram . ..................................................... 5B6
13-2. Environmental Components ........................................ .............. 5B7
13-3. Cutaway of Heater, Showing Whirling Flame (Typical) .......................................... 5B9
13-4. Heater Cycling Switch ......... .............................................. B 10
13-5. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (57D77) ........................................... 5B16
13-6. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (89D23-1) ........................................ 5B17
13-7. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (10E58-1, 10E58-2,
16E68-1 and 16E68-2) .............................................................................. 5B20
13-8. Recirculation Fan and Motor Assembly (Dynamic Air) ........................................... 5B21
13-9. Recirculation Fan and Motor Assembly (Dukes) .................................................. 5C6
13-10. Spark Plug Fixture .................................................................................... 5C9
13-11. Wiring-Test Setup ..................................................................................... 5C9
13-12. Ignition Unit Assembly (Typical) ....................... ........................................ 5C9
13-13. Spark Plug (P/N 39D18) Gap Adjustment and Tool ............................................... 5C 0
13-14. Spark Plug(10E75-1 and 10E75-2) .................................................................. 5C
13-15. Fuel Pressure Relief Valve Bench Test .............................................................. 5C16
13-16. Test Setup Fuel Regulator ........................................ ........................ 5C17
13-17. Heater Assembly Exploded View (62D33) ......................................................... 5C20
13-18. Heater Assembly Exploded View (62D33-1 and 62D33-2) ....................................... 5C21
13-19. Heater Assembly Exploded View (10E21-1) ....................................................... 5C23
13-20. Heater Assembly Exploded View (10E21-2) ....................................................... 5D2
13-21. Seal Plate, Plugs and Caps for Combustion Tube Leak Test ...................................... 5D5
13-22. Test Setup-Combustion Air Pressure Switch ....................................................... 5D7
13-23. Suggested Setup for Heater Operation Test....................................................... 5D10
13-24. Suggested Wiring Connections for Heater Operation Test ........................................ 5D10
13-25. Auxiliary Heater and Switch ............................................... ..................... 5D18
13-26. Air Conditioning Flow Diagram ............ ................................................... 5D24
13-27. Manifold Set Operation ............................................................. 5E3
13-28. Charging and Evacuation Schematic (Charging Stand Method) .................................. 5E6
13-29. Charging Stand, J-23500 .............................. ......... ........................ 5E7
13-30. Charging Schematic (Refrigerant Drum Method) .................................................. 5E9
13-31. Compressor and Drive Assembly (Dual Belt) ............................ ......................... 5E10
13-32. B elt Inspection ............................ ...................................................... 5E 1
13-33. Leak Test ........................................ ......... .................... 5E12
13-33a. Positioning Sankyo Compressor Internal Parts (S/N 31T-8304001 and up) ..................... 5E15
Revised: 7/2/84
5A5

Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
13-34. Removing Driven Plate .............................................................................. 5E 6

13-35. Drive and Driven Plates .............................................................................. 5E16
13-36. Aligning Driven Plate Key ........................................................................... 5E 7
13-37. Installing Driven Plate ........................................................... 5E17
13-38. Checking Air Gap.....................................................................................5E17
13-39. Removing Pulley Retaining Ring ................................................................... 5E 7
13-40. Removing Pulley and Drive Plate .................................................................. 5E 9
13-41. Removing Bearing .................................................................................... 5E19
13-42. Installing Pulley and Drive Plate Bearing .......................................................... 5E19
13-43. Installing Pulley and Drive Plate .................................................................... 5E19
13-44. Removing Coil Housing Retaining Ring .......................................................... 5E20
13-44a. Magnetic Clutch Assembly (Sankyo Compressor) (S/N 31T-8304001 and up) ................. 5E22
13-45. Drive Housing and Driver Assembly ............................................................... 5E23
13-46. Fan and Condenser ................................................................................... 5F3
13-47. Expansion Valve ...................................................................................... 5F6
13-48. Evaporator Control Valve ........................................................... 5F6
13-49. Component Installation ............................................................................... 5F7
13-50. Installation of Seco 7 Seals .................................................... . ..... F1........0.5F
13-51. Inspection Points (Air Conditioning System) ...................................................... 5F10
13-52. Pressurization System Schematic (Dukes) ......................................................... 5F22
13-53. Cabin Pressure Test Units (Typical)................................................................. 5G
13-54. Pressurization Test Hookup ...................................... . ................... ........ 5G2
13-55. Fabricated Hose Plug ................................................................................. 5G4
13-56. Fabricated Reducer .................................................................................. 5G4
13-57. Isobaric Valve ......................................................................................... 5G7
13-58. Safety Valve .......................................................................................... 5G7
13-59. Cleaning of Pressurization Controller (Typical) .................................................... 5G14
13-60. Cabin Altitude Controller (Typical) ....................................................... . ...... 5G18
13-61. Door Seal System .................... ..................................... ............. 5G20
13-62. Controller Adjustment ................................................................................ 5G21
13-63. Cabin Altitude Vs. Aircraft Altitude ...................................................... ...... 5G22
13-64. Cabin Pressure Control System Schematic (Garrett) .............................................. 5H4
13-65. Pressurization System Schematic (Garrett) ......................................................... 5H5
13-66. Safety or Isobaric Valve Schematic ............................................... ..
........... 5H
13-67. Cabin Air Pressure Outflow Valve Controller Schematic ......................................... 5H14
5A6 Revised: 7/2/84

LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No.
XII-I. Index-Electronic Installation Schematics and Harness .......................... .................

5A10
XIII-I. Leading Particulars (Axial Flow Fan) (Dynamic Air) ......... .................................... SC1
XIII-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Recirculating Fan) (Dynamic Air) .................... ................... 5C2
XIII-III. Inspection..............................................................................................5C14
XIII-IV. Troubleshooting Chart (Heating) ................................................................... 5D14
XIII-V. Troubleshooting Chart (Auxiliary Heater) ......... ........... .. ........... 5D20
XIII-VI. Temperature Pressure Chart (Standing System) .................................................... 5E
XIII-VII. Aluminum Tubing Torque ........................................................................... 5E2
XIII-VIII. Vacuum Vs. Temperature............................ .......................................... 5E6
XIII-IX. Compressor Belt Tension ............................................................................ 5E13
XIII-X. Troubleshooting Chart (Air Conditioning) .................................. F.......................5F
XIII-XI. Cabin Differential Pressure Switch Specifications ............................ .......... 5F21
XIII-XIA. Troubleshooting Chart (Pressurization System) (DUKES) .................................... 5G23
XIII-XII. Troubleshooting Chart (Pressurization System) (GARRETT) ................................. 5H15
Revised: 7/2/84 5A7

5A8
SECTION XII
ELECTRONICS
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
12-1. Introduction .............................................................. 5A11
12-2. Emergency Locator Transmitter (Garrett Mfg. LTD.) .......................... 5A11
12-3. Description .............. ................................................. 5A11
12-4. Battery Removal and Installation (Two Year, Magnesium) ...................... 5A11
12-5. Emergency Locator Transmitter (Communications Components Corp.) ........... 5A14
12-6. Description ............................................................... 5A14
12-7. Battery Removal and Installation (Communications Components Corp.) .......... 5A14
12-8 Emergency Locator Transmitter (Narco) ..................................... 5A15
12-9. Description ............................................................... 5A15
12-10. Battery Removal and Installation (Narco)... ................................. 5A15
12-11. Testing Emergency Locator Transmitter ..................................... 5A18
12-12. Description, Operation and Testing of Pilot's Remote Switch.................... 5A19
12-13. Avionics Master and Emergency Switch Circuit ............................... 5A20
12-14. Description and Operation .................................................. 5A20
12-15. Autoflight ................................................................ 5 A20
12-16. General ...... ............................................................ 5A20
12-17. Non - Piper A.F.C.S. Equipment Contacts .................................... 5A20
12-18. Piper A.F.C.S. Equipment .................................................. 5A21
Revised: 10/15/82
5A9
TABLE XII-I. INDEX - ELECTRONIC INSTALLATION; SCHEMATICS AND HARNESSES
Aerofiche
Subject Figure Grid No.
Avionics Antenna Locations ........................................... 12-8 5A22

Avioncs Master and Emergency Switch Circuit........................... 12-7 5A19
Battery Connections; Two Year, Magnesium............................. 12-1 5A12
Emergency Locator Transmitter Schematic (Narco) ....................... 12-4 5A16
ELT Portable Folding Antenna (Narco) ................................. 12-5 5A17
ELT Using Fixed Aircraft Antenna (Narco) ............................. 12-6 5A17
Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic ..... 12-2 5A13
Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic ..... 12-3 5A14
Revised: 1/5/84
5A10
SECTION XII
ELECTRONICS
12-1. INTRODUCTION. This section of the manual is divided into two parts. The first part contains
information necessary to perform operational checks of the Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) and
Pilot's Remote Switch used with the ELT. Included are the appropriate removal and installation
instructions to facilitate battery replacement. The second part consists of schematics and harnesses of the
various configurations of avionics equipment installations. (Refer to Table XII-I.)
12-2. EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (GARRETT MFG. LTD.).
12-3. DESCRIPTION. The electrical power for the ELT is totally supplied by its own self contained
battery. FAA regulations require that the battery be replaced at the expiration date printed on the battery or,
if the transmitter has been used in an emergency situation or if it has more than one hour of accumulated test
time. To replace the battery pack in the transmitter, it is necessary to remove the transmitter from the aircraft.
12-4. BATTERY REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. (2 year, magnesium battery, refer to Figure
12-1.) The ELT is located underneath the dorsal fin between sta. 304.75 and sta. 317.00.
a. Remove the access panel on the dorsal fin between sta. 296.00 and sta. 317.75 by removing the
screws.
b. Set the ON/ARM/OFF switch on the transmitter to the OFF position.
c. Disconnect the antenna coax from the transmitter.
d. Disconnect the harness to the pilot's remote switch from the transmitter.
e. Remove the rear mounting bracket by pulling the plastic knob out. Remove the transmitter from
the airplane.
f. Remove the two long or four short screws securing the transmitter plain end cap. Remove the
plain end cap.
g. Disconnect the battery connector from the board terminals.
h. Withdraw the battery pack from the transmitter case.
i. Before installing the new battery pack, check the replacement date printed on the battery.
Transfer this date onto the outside of the ELT.
j. Slide the new battery pack, plain end first, into transmitter. It may be necessary to rotate the
battery slightly to get it seated properly in the transmitter case and to achieve correct orientation of the
battery connector.
k. Connect the battery connector to board terminals.
1. Insure O-ring is fitted in plain end cap and correctly seated.
5All
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
Figure 12-1. Battery Connections;Two Year- Magnesium
m. Refit end cap and secure with the screws previously removed.
NOTE
Do not overtighten the end cap screws.
n. Place transmitter into its mounting bracket; replace rear mounting bracket by pushing plastic
knob into place.
o. Connect the pilot's remote switch harness to the transmitter.
p. Connect the antenna coax to the transmitter.
q. Install the access panel on the dorsal fin between sta. 296.00 and sta. 317.75 and secure with
appropriate screws. Make an entry in the aircraft logbook, including the new battery run out date.
NOTE
Before installing access panel ascertain that transmitter switch is in

the ARM position. It may also be advisable to test the unit
operation before installing the access panel. (Refer to paragraph
12-11.)
Reissued:2/6/81 ELECTRONICS
5A12
I Figure 12-2. Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter; Schematic
Revised: 9/23/81 ELECTRONICS

5A13
Figure 12-3. Pilot's Remote Switch and Emergency Locator Transmitter, Schematic
12-5. EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER. (Communications Components Corp.)
12-6. DESCRIPTION. The electrical power for the ELT is totally supplied by its own self-contained
battery. However, aircraft power is required to shut off transmitter with the remote switch. For portable use,
the ELT can be easily removed from its mounting in the aircraft. To comply with FAA regulations, the
battery must be replaced on or before the replacement date marked on battery pack label. The battery must
also be replaced if the transmitter has been used in an emergency situation or if accumulated test time
exceeds one hour.
12-7. BATTERY REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. (Communications Components Corp.) The ELT
is located underneath the dorsal fin between sta. 304.75 and sta. 317.00.
a. Remove the access panel on the dorsal fin between sta. 296.00 and sta. 317.75 by removing the
screws.
b. Rotate the ON/ARM/OFF switch to the OFF position.
c. Disconnect the antenna coax cable (twist left, then pull outward).
d. Disconnect the harness to the pilot's remote switch.
e. Remove the forward mounting bracket by pulling the black plastic knob out. Remove the trans-
mitter from the airplane.
f. Remove the six Phillips-head screws securing the transmitter cover. Remove the cover.
g. Lift out the old battery pack.
h. Copy the expiration date on the battery into the space provided on the external ELT name and
date plate.

5A14
i. Disconnect and replace with a new battery pack. The nylon battery connector is a friction fit and is
easily removed by pulling on the exposed end.
j. Insert transmitter into airplane and fit into place. Reinstall mounting bracket by pushing the black
plastic knob into place.
k. Reconnect the pilot's remote switch harness and the antenna coax cable to the transmitter.
l. Set the ON ARM/OFF switch to the ARM position.
m. Reinstall the access plate previously removed.
n. Make an entry in the aircraft logbook, including the new battery expiration date.
NOTE
It may be advisable to test the unit operation before installing the

access panel. (See Paragraph 12-11.)
NOTE
Inspect the external whip antenna for any damage. Avoid bending
the whip. Any sharply bent or kinked whip should be replaced.
Antenna damage may cause structural failure of whip in flight.
12-8. EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER. (Narco)
12-9. DESCRIPTION. The electrical power for the ELT is totally supplied by its own self-contained
battery The battery must be replaced on or before the replacement date marked on battery pack label. If the
transmitter has been used in an emergency situation or it has more than one hour of accumulated test time, the
battery must be replaced. To replace the battery pack in the transmitter, refer to Paragraph 12-10.
12-10. BATTERY REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Narco) The ELT is located under the dorsal fin
between sta. 304.75 and sta. 317.00. (Refer to Figure 12-5 and 12-6.)
a. Remove the access panel on the dorsal fin.
b. Set the ONOFF/ ARM switch on the transmitter to OFF.
c. Disconnect antenna coaxial cable from ELT.
d. Remove ELT from its mounting bracket by releasing the latch on the strap and sliding the ELT off
the bracket.
e. Extend the portable antenna. (See Figure 12-5.)
f. Unscrew the four screws that hold the control head to the battery casing and slide apart.
g. Disconnect the battery terminals from the bottom of the circuit board.
h. Discard old battery pack. (DO NOT EXPOSE TO FLAME.)
CAUTION
The battery pack is shipped with a sealant on the inside lip so that a
water tight seal will be retained. DO NOT REMOVE THIS
SEALANT.
i. Connect new battery pack terminals to the bottom of the circuit board.
j. Reinsert the control head section into the battery pack being careful not to pinch any wires, and
replace the four screws. If the four holes do not line up, rotate the battery pack 180° and reinsert.
k. Slide the portable antenna back into the stowed position.
1. Place transmitter into its mounting bracket and fasten the strap latch.
ELECTRONICS
Reissued: 2/6/81 5A15
CONN
R499
Figure 12-4. Emergency Locator Transmitter Schematic (Narco)
m. Connect the antenna coaxial cable to the ELT and ensure that the contact separator is inserted
between the antenna contact finger and the portable antenna (Refer to Figure 12-6.)
n. Press RESET button and set ON/OFF/ARM switch to ARM.
o. Make an entry in the aircraft logbook, including the new battery expiration date.
p. A unit operational check may now be performed on the ELT. (Refer to Testing Emergency Locator
Transmitter, Paragraph 12-11.)
NOTE
ELECTRONICS
Reissued: 2/6/81
5A16
NOTCH PIN PORTABLE

STOP ANTENNA
ANTENNA BLADE / OPERATIVE
TOUCHES ANTENNA
PORTABLE EXTENSION
TAB
FINGER CONTACT
VIEW SET
A
ANTENNA
TAB ANTENNA
LATCH POPSOUT
OF
CHANNEL
VIEW
B
PULL TAB
Figure 12-5. ELT Portable Folding Antenna (Narco.)
CONTACT
PORTABLE
ANTENNA
CONTACT
FINGER
Figure 12-6. ELT Using Fixed Aircraft Antenna (Narco.)
Reissued: 2/6/81
5A17 ELECTRONICS
12-11. TESTING EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER. The transmitter operates on the emer-
gency frequencies of 121.5 and 243 MHz; both of these frequencies are monitored by the various FAA installa-
tions. Before performing any operational test of the ELT, the following precautions should be observed:
CAUTION
Testing of an ELT should be conducted in a screen room or metal

enclosure to ensure that electromagnetic energy is not radiated
during testing. If a shielded enclosure is not available, testing may
be performed in accordance with the following procedures:
1. Test should be no longer than three audio sweeps.
2. If the antenna is removed, a dummy load should be substi-
tuted during the test.
3. Test should be conducted only within the time period made
up of the first five minutes after any hour.
4. If the operational tests must be made at a time not included
within the first five minutes after the hour, the test should be
conducted with the closest FAA Tower or Flight Service
Station.
Consult FAA Advisory Circular AC 20-81 for detailed information
concerning the above caution.
a. Remove the access panel or cover to gain access to the transmitter.

b. Turn the aircraft master switch ON.
c. Tune the aircraft communications receiver volume up until a slight background noise is heard.
NOTE
If the aircraft is not fitted with a communications receiver, request

that the tower listen for your test.
d. On the transmitter, set the ON ARM OFF switch to the ON position. Keep the switch in this posi-
tion for only a few seconds; then set to the OFF position or ARM if there is no OFF. Return to the ARM
position.
NOTE
The test transmission should have been picked up by the aircraft

communications receiver and/or control tower. During cold
weather, there may be a slight delay before transmission occurs.
e. A transmitter which is functioning properly should emit a characteristic downward swept tone.
f. When the test is completed, ascertain the transmitter ON/ARM/OFF switch is in the ARM posi-
tion.
ELECTRONICS
Reissued:2/6/815
2180
Figure 12-7. Avionics Master and Emergency Switch Circuit
g. Place the access panel on the dorsal fin between sta. 296.00 and sta. 317.00 and secure with the
appropriate screws.
WARNING
Whenever the unit is checked by moving the transmitter

ON/ ARM/OFF switch from the ARM to the ON position, it must
then be moved to the OFF position, if there is one, before reverting
to the ARM position again.
CAUTION
Under normal conditions, the transmitter switch must be set to

ARM.
NOTE
12-12. DESCRIPTION, OPERATION AND TESTING OF PILOTS REMOTE SWITCH. (Refer to

Pilot's Operating Handbook.)
Reissued: 2/6/81 ELECTRONICS

5A19
12-13. AVIONICS MASTER AND EMERGENCY SWITCH CIRCUIT. (Refer to Figure 12-7.)
12-14 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. Electrical power for the various avionics components is con-
trolled by the A ionics Master Switch located in the Center Instrument Panel. This switch operates a solenoid
which. when engaged. provides power from the main Electrical Bus to the #1 and #2 Avionics Busses. This
circuit is protected by two 50 amp circuit breakers (Radio Master # I and Radio Master #2) on the Main Elec-
trical Bus.
In the event of a malfunction in the Avionics Master Switch circuit. a 50 amp Emergency Switch (Circuit
Breaker) is provided between the Main Electrical Bus and the #1 Avionics Bus. With this circuit breaker
engaged. power is supplied directly to the # I Avionics Bus. allowing the avionics components operating off of
this bus to be used. The Emergency Switch does not supply electrical power to the #2 Avionics Bus and all
components utilizing this bus will be inoperative.
12-15. AUTOFLIGHT.
12-16. GENERAL Due to the wide varity of A.F.C.S. (Automated Flight Control System) options. it is
mandatory to follow the service literature published by the individual manufacturer of the A.F C S equip-
ment installed in any particular airplane. This includes mechanical service such as: adjusting bridle cable
tension. servo removal and installation, servo clutch adjustments. etc.
12-17 NON-PIPER A.F.CS EQUIPMENT CONTACTS. Refer to the following list of AutoPilot
Flight Director manufacturers to obtain service direction, parts support. and service literature
Bendix Avionics Division Collins General Aviation Division

2100 N.W 62nd. Street Rockwell International
Fort Lauderdale. Fla. 33310 Cedar Rapids. Iowa 52406
(305) 776-4100 TWX 5109559884 (319) 395-3625 Telex: 467-421
Edo Corporation - Avionics Division King Radio Corporation

Box 610 400 North Rodgers Road
Municipal Airport Olathe. Kansas 66061
Mineral Wells, Texas 76067 (913) 782-0400 Telex. 4-2299-
(817) 325-2517 Telex: 76067 Kingrad
Sperry Flight Systems Avionics Div Global Navigation

8500 Balboa Blvrd. 2144 Michelson Drive
P.O. Box 9028 Irvine. CA. 92715
VanNuvs. CA. 91409 (717) 851-0119

5A20
12-18. PIPER A.F C.S. EQUIPMENT. In the case of early models. Piper AutoPilot equipment bears the
Piper name. and the appropriate Piper AutoPilot Flight Director Service Manual shall be used.
NOTE
If a Roll Axis-only AutoPilot is installed, or if no AutoPilot is

installed, consult the Piper Pitch Trim Service Manual - 753 771 for
manual electric pitch trim service information.
The following is a complete listing of Piper A.F.C.S. equipment service literature. It is imperative to
correctly identify the AutoPilot system by"faceplate"model name, in ordertoconsulttheappropriate service
manual. Each manual identifies the revision level and revision status as called out on the Master Parts Price
List - Aerofiche published monthly by Piper. Consult the aircraft's parts catalog for replacement parts.
NAME PIPER PART NO
AutoControl I II and AltiMatic I II 753 798

AutoControl III and AltiMatic III and III B 753 723
AutoControl III Band AltiMatic III B-1 761 502
AltiMatic II C 761 602
AltiMatic V and V-I 761 525
AltiMatic V F Dand V F D-l 761 526
AltiMatic X F.D. A.P. and X A.P. 761 668
AutoFlite 753 720
AutoFlite II 761 481
Piper Pitch Trim (Manual-Electric) 757 771
Added: 10/15/82 ELECTRONICS

5A21
Figure 12-8. Avionics Antenna Locations
Reissued: 2/6/81 ELECTRONICS

5 A22
5A23
5A24
SECTION XIII
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
13-1. Introduction ................................................. 5B5
13-2. Description ...... ...................................................... 5B5
13-3. Troubleshooting ............. .............................................. 5B5
13-4. Janitrol Heaters . .......................................................... 5B5
13-5. Cabin Heater System Description ............................................ 5B8
13-6. Heater Operation .......................................................... 5B8
13-7. Description of Heater Components ................ ....................... 5B8
13-8. Spark-Spray Ignition .............................................. 5B8
13-9. Combustion Air Blower .......................................... 5B8
13-10. Fuel Pump and Heater Fuel Filter .................................. 5B9
13-11. Heater Limit Switch .............................................. 5B9
13-1la. Heater Thermostat ............................................. 5B9
13-12. Heater Cycling Switch ............................................. B9
13-13. Combustion Air Pressure Switch ...... . .................. . 5B9
13-14. Inspection of Heater and Heater Components . ................................ 5B 10
13-15. Daily Inspection ... .. .. ........................ 5B10
13-16. 100-Hour Inspection ............................................. 5B11
13-17. Maintenance Service ....................................................... 5B12
13-18. Removal of Heater ...................................... 5B12
13-19. Installation of Heater ............................................ 5B13
13-20. Heater Electrical System Checks ............................................ 5B13
13-21. Electrical Continuity Check ........................................ 5B13
13-22. Recirculating Fan Power Circuit Check.............................. 5B 14
13-23. Heater Power Circuit Check ........................................ 5B14
13-24 Maintenance and Repairs .................................................. B15
13-25 Combustion Air Blower .................................... 5B15
13-26 Disassembly of Combustion Air Blower (57D77) ..................... 5B15
13-27 Reassembly of Combustion Air Blower (57D77) ................... 5B18
13-28 Disassembly of Combustion Air Blower (89D23-1) ................... 5B18
13-29 Reassembly of Combustion Air Blower (89D23-1) ................... 5B18
13-30 Disassembly of Combustion Air Blower (10E58-1. 10E58-2. 16E68-1
and 16E68-2).................................................. 5B19
13-31. Reassembly of Combustion Air Blower (IOE58-1. 10E58-2. 16E68-1
and 16E68-2).................................................. 5B19
13-32. Cleaning of Combustion Air Blower ............................... 5B19
13-33 Inspection and Repair of Combustion Air Blower .................... 5B22
13-33a Preheater Assembly .............................................. 5B22
13-33b Removal and Installation of the Combustion Air Preheater
Assembly .............................................. 5B22
13-34 Recirculating Fan (Dynamic Air) ................................. 5B22
13-35 Disassembly of Recirculating Fan (Dynamic Air) .................. 5B23
13-36 Assembly of Recirculating Fan (Dynamic Air) .................. 5B23
13-37 Cleaning of Recirculating Fan Motor (Dynamic Air) ................. 5B24
13-38 Inspection of Recirculating Fan Motor (Dynamic Air) ................ 5B24
13-39. Repair of Recirculating Fan Motor (Dynamic Air) ................... 5B24
13-40 Tests of Recirculating Fan Motor (Dynamic Air) .... .......... 5CI
13-41. Removal and Installation of Recirculating Fan and Motor (Dukes) 5C3
13-42. Additional Service Information (Dukes) .... ..................... 5C3
13-42a. Disassembly of Dukes 1092-00-3 Fan ............................... 5C3
13-42b. Cleaning and Inspection of Dukes 1092-44-1 Motor ................. 5C3
13-43 Servicing Dukes 1092-44-1 ........................................ 5C3
Revised: 7/2/84 5B1

Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
13-43a. ReassemblY of the Dukes 1092-00-3 Fan ...................... 5C4
13-44. Spark Plug (P/N 39D18). 5C5
13-45. Spark Plug (P/N 10E75-1 and 10E75-2) ............................. 5C12
13-46. Ignition Unit ................ 5C12
13-47. Ignition Unit Removal and Installation .............................. 5C 12
13-48. Testing Ignition Unit .............................................. 5C13
13-49. Operational Test of Ignition Unit ................................... 5C 13
13-50. Vibrator ......................................................... 5C13
13-51. Vibrator Removal and Installation .................................. 5C 14
13-52. Inspection of Ignition Unit......................................... 5C 14
13-53. Limit (Overheat Safety) Switch .................................... 5C 14
13-54. Cycling Switch ................................................... 5C15
13-55. Removal of Fuel Pump Pressure Relief Valve and Heater
Fuel Filter ....................................... ............ 5C 15
13-56. Fuel Pressure Relief Valve Bench Test and Adjustment ................ 5C5
13-57. Cabin Heater Fuel Solenoid Valve Removal and Bench Test ........... 5C16
13-58. Cabin Heater, Fuel Regulator and Shutoff Valve ..................... 5C16
13-59. Installation of Fuel Pump, Pressure Relief Valve and
Heater Fuel Filter ............................................ 5C18
13-60. Combustion Air Pressure Switch (Earlier Models)..................... 5C18
13-61. Combustion Air Pressure Switch ................................... 5C18
13-62. Overhaul Instructions ...................................................... 5C19
13-63. Disassembly of Heater (62D33) ..................................... 5C 19
13-64. Disassembly of Heater (62D33-1 and 62D33-2) ....................... 5C22
13-65. Disassembly of Heater (10E21-1) ................... ........ ....... 5C24
13-66. Disassembly of Heater (IOE21-2).................................... 5DI
13-67. Cleaning of Combustion Tube and Jacket Assembly ................... 5D3
13-68. Inspection of Combustion Chamber and Jacket ....................... 5D3
13-69. Inspection of Remaining Components ............................... 5D4
13-70. Testing ................................................................... 5D4
13-71. Combustion Tube and Jacket Assembly ............................. 5D4
13-72. Fuel Feed and Nozzle Holder Assembly ............................. 5D5
13-73. Nozzle Spray Test .............................. .................. 5D
13-74. Repair of Combustion Tube ....................................... 5D
13-75. Testing Combustion Air Pressure Switch ............................. 5D6
13-76. Recirculating Fan and Combustion Air Blower Test ................... 5D7
13-77. Reassembly of Heater (62D33) ...................................... 5D7
13-78. Reassembly of Heater (62D33-1 and 62D33-2) ........................ 5D8
13-79. Reassembly of Heater (10E21-1) .................................... 5D9
13-80. Reassembly of Heater (10E21-2) . ............................... .
13-81. Test Procedure ............................................................ 5D
13-82. General Information .............................................. 5
13-83. Equipment Required .............................................. 5D1
Revised: 1/5/84 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

5B2 PA-31T and PA-31T1
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
13-90. Installation of Auxiliary Heater Unit ................................ 5D19
13-91. Air Conditioning System ................................................... D2
13-92. Cabin Air Conditioning System Description and Operation............... 5D21
13-93. Troubleshooting ........... 5D21
13-94. Malfunction Detection............................................. 5D21
13-95. Recommended Ground Operating Instructions ........................ 5D23
13-96. Special Servicing Procedures ....................................... 5E2
13-97. Test Gauge and Manifold Set ...................................... 5E4
13-98. Checking System for Leaks ........................................ 5E4
13-99. Evacuating the System ............................................. 5E5
13-100. Charging the System .............................................. 5E7
13-101. Flushing the Air Conditioning System ............................... 5E9
13-102. Compressor Service ........................................................ 5E9
13-103. Removal of Compressor ........................................... 5E11
13-104. Belt Inspection .................................................. 5E12
13-105. Installation of Compressor ......................................... 5E12
13-106. Leak Testing the Compressor ....................................... 5E13
13-107. Checking and Adding Oil (Frigidaire Compressor) .................... 5E14
13-107a. Checking Compressor Oil Level (Sankyo Compressor) ................. 5E14
13-108. Magnetic Clutch. Pulley and Coil ............................................ 5E18
13-109. Removal of Driven Plate and Pulley Assembly ....................... 5E18
13-110. Installation of Driven Plate and Pulley Assembly ..................... 5E18
13-111. Removal of Clutch Coil and Housing (Frigidaire Compressor) .......... 5E20
13-112. Installation of Clutch Coil and Housing (Frigidaire Compressor) ........ 5E20
13-112a. Magnetic Clutch. Pulley and Coil (Sankyo Compressor) ............... 5E20
13-112b. Removal of Clutch. Pulley and Coil (Sankyo Compressor) ............. 5E20
13-112c. Installation of Clutch. Pulley and Coil (Sankyo Compressor) ........... 5E21
13-113. Single Belt Compressor Drive ...................................... 5E22
13-114 Removal of Driver Assembly for Belt Replacement .................... 5E22
13-115. Inspection and Repair of Compressor Drive .......................... E24
13-116. Dual Belt Replacement ............................................ 5F1
13-117. Installation of Driver Assembly .................................... 5F2
13-118. Removal of Drive Housing......................................... 5F2
13-119. Installation of Drive Housing ....................................... F2
13-120. Fan and Condenser ....................................................... 5F2
13-121. Removal of Fan and Condenser .................................... 5F2
13-122. Installation of Condenser and Fan .................................. 5F4
13-123. Receiver-Dryer ........................................ ............. 5F4
13-124. Removal of Receiver-Dryer ........................................ 5F4
13-125 Installation of Receiver-Dryer ...................................... 5F5
13-126. Expansion Valve .......................................................... 5F5
13-127 Removal of Expansion Valve ....................................... 5F5
13-128. Installation of Expansion Valve ..................................... 5F5
13-129. Evaporator Control Valve ................... ............................. 5F5
13-130. Removal of Evaporator Control Valve ............................... 5F5
13-131. Installation of Evaporator Control Valve ............................ 5F7
13-132. Evaporator ............................................................... 5F7
13-133. Removal of Evaporator ............................................ 5F7
13-134. Installation of Evaporator ......................................... 5F8
13-135. Installation of Lines and Fittings .................................... 5F9
13-136. Pressurization System (DUKES)............................................. 5F20
13-137. Description and Principles of Operation ...................... ....... 5F20
13-138. Pressurization Controls ............................................ 5F20
13-139 Operating Instructions ............................................. 5F23
13-140. Cabin Pressurization Check ....................................... 5F24

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B3
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
13-141. Pressurization Check with Test Unit................................. 5F24
13-142. Dump Valve Function (Earlier Models) ............................. 5G5
13-143. Rupture-Disc Function (Earlier Models) .......... ................. 5G5
13-144. Isobaric Valve Function ........................................... 5G5
13-145. Isobaric Valve Removal ........................................... 5G5
13-146. Isobaric Valve Installation ......................................... 5G5
13-147. Safety Valve Function ............................................. 5G6
13-148. Safety Valve Removal ............................................. 5G6
13-149. Safety Valve Installation ........................................... 5G6
13-150. Isobaric and Safety Valve Combined Function........................ 5G6
13-151. Isobaric and Safety Valve Cleaning .................................. 5G8
13-152. Isobaric Filter Replacement ........................................ 5G8
13-153. Isobaric and Safety Valve Setup .................................... 5G8
13-154. Safety Precautions ................................................ 5G8
13-155. System Setup Procedure ........................................... 5G9
13-156. Isobaric and Safety Valve Adjustment ............................... 5G9
13-157. In Flight Check ................................................... 5G10
13-158. Takeoff and Climb Procedure ...................................... 5G10
13-159. Adjustment of Diaphragm Spring ................................... 5G12
13-160. Cabin Altitude Controller .................................................. 5G13
13-161. Removal of Controller ............................................ 5G13
13-162. Installation of Controller .......................................... 5G15
13-163. Controller Filter Replacement ...................................... 5G15
13-164. Pressurization Controller Cleaning .................................. 5G15
13-165. Testing Cabin Altitude Controller ........................................... 5G16
13-166. Electrical Test of the Cabin Altitude Controller ....................... 5G16
13-167. Vacuum Check of the Cabin Altitude Controller ...................... 5G17
13-168. Vacuum Relief Check for Cabin Altitude Controller................... 5G17
13-169. Calibration Check for Cabin Altitude Controller ...................... 5G17
13-170. Calibration of Controller ......................................... 5G18
13-171. Door Seal System ................................................. 5G19
13-172. Description of Door Seal System .......... ........................ 5G19
13-173. Pressurization System (GARRETT) ................. ........................ 5H 3
13-174. Description and Principles of Operation .... ........................ 5H 3
13-175. Pressurization Controls ................... ........................ 5H3
13-176. Operating Instructions .................... ......................... 5H6
13-177. Cabin Pressurization Check .............. . ....................... 5H 6
13-178. Pressurization Check with Test Unit........ ........................ 5H 7
13-179. Pressurization System Checkout Procedure..
13-180. Ground Check ........................... ........................ 5H 9
13-181. Flight Operations ........................ ........................ 5H 9
13-182. Dump Solenoid Valve Function ........... ........................ 5H12
13-183. Isobaric Valve Function .................. ........................ 5H 12
13-184. Safety Valve Function .................... ........................ 5H 12
13-185. Isobaric and Safety Valves Combined Function ....................... 5H12
13-186. Isobaric and/or Safety Valve Removal .................... ........... 5H12
13-187. Isobaric and/or Safety Valve Installation ............................ 5H12
13-188. Isobaric and/or Safety Valve Cleaning ............................... 5H13
13-189. Safety Valve Filter Replacement .................................... 5H 13
13-190. Cabin Altitude Controller ........................................ 5H 13
13-191. Removal of Controller ............................................ 5H13
13-192. Installation of Controller .................................... ..... 5H13
13-193. Controller Filter Replacement ...................................... 5H13
SECTION XIII

PA-31T & PA-31TI
13-1. INTRODUCTION. This section provides instructions for remedying difficulties which may arise in
the operation of the environmental control system. The instructions are organized so that the mechanic can
refer to: Principles of Operation, for a basic understanding of the systems: Troubleshooting. for a methodical
approach in locating the difficulty: Corrective Maintenance, for the removal, repair and installation of
components: and Adjustments and Tests, for the operation of the repaired system.
13-2. DESCRIPTION. The cabin comfort control panel, located at the lower right corer of the instrument
panel, contains all the controls needed to operate the heating. cooling, and dehumidification system A master
switch on the panel controls the heater, air conditioner and cabin recirculating air blower. A mode switch is
normally used in the automatic position and the pilot need only select the proper temperature leVelwith the
control marked TEMP. On Serial Nos. PA-31T-8120001 and up and PA-31T-8104001 and up. a selector
switch and an aft cabin rheostat is provided. With the switch in the "pilot" position. cabin temperature is
controlled by the pilot. In the "cabin" position, control is transferred to the passenger cabin rheostat A
manual position of the mode switch is furnished as a standby in case of automatic mode malfunction. The
switch marked MANUAL controls the heater or air conditioner when the mode switch is in the manual
position. The dehumidity switch provides a means to prevent cabin condensation when the mode switch is in
the automatic position. The heater fuel on-off switch controls the heater fuel supply. It must be on for heater
operation. A manual reset thermostat has been attached to the outboard side of the hot-air distribution box
to prevent overheating of the heated air ducts. If the thermostat should sense a temperature of 300° 3° F.
electrical power will be interrupted to the heater control valve. thereby, precluding further heater operation
until the thermostat is manually reset by opening the right side nose equipment bay and depressing the reset
button. If a heater over-temp condition occurs, a thermal switch located on the heater, will trip. precluding
further heater operation until the switch is manually reset by opening the access bay and depressing the reset
button. Control of the cabin temperature is through cycling of the heater or air conditioner. Both units are
regulated by an electronic controller which receives its signal from an adjustable thermostat. When the
thermostat calls for heat. the controller turns on the heater system. The heater will operate at full capacity
until the desired temperature is obtained at the thermostat. The thermostat has a dead band between the
heating and cooling cycles. Under all normal operations, the thermostat (pilot or aft cabin) will control the
heater and air conditioner operations. The air conditioning system utilizes an engine mounted belt driven
compressor which is driven from a power takeoff on the rear of the right engine. The cabin humidity is con-
trolled by the combined operation of the heater and airconditioner. For dehumidification. the air conditioner
operates continuously and the heater cycles to maintain a desired temperature level (abo e 55° F). An Optional
Auxiliary Heater is available as an occasional supplement or as a temporary substitute for the combustion
unit. The on off control switch is located in the right side instrument panel and activates the Auxiliary
Heater and the recirculating fan. At least four fresh air vents must be open when operating the system (see
P.O.H. for other restrictions).
13-3. TROUBLESHOOTING. Troubles pertaining to the environmental control system are listed in Table
XIII-IV at the end of this section. along with their probable causes and suggested remedies.
13-4. JANITROL HEATERS. This part of Section XIII contains information for operation. service. and
overhaul of the combustion heater and combustion air blower used on the PA-31T and PA-31TI Due to
update in heater and blower manufacturing, there are a few differences in the service procedures. Most of the
service information is basic for all units. Areas which differ have been clarified by the inclusion of assembly
part numbers in the particular subject headings or material. Reference to the Parts Catalog will establish
aircraft serial numbers required

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B5
1394 568
1 2 569
1. PNEUMATIC SYSTEM PRESSURE GAUGE 29. FREON PRESSURE LINE

2. PRESSURE DUMP CONTROL 30. FREON SUCTION LINE
(EARLIER MODELS ONLY) 31. COMPRESSOR
3. TEST SWITCH (MANUAL OVERRIDE) 32. INTERCOOLER AIR INLET
4. CABIN ALTITUDE SELECTOR 33. INTERCOOLER ASSEMBLY
5. CABIN ASCEND OR DESCEND SWITCH 34. DEICER BOOT
6. RATE OF CHANGE CONTROL 35. CONDENSER
7. CABIN RATE OF CLIMB GAUGE 36. JET PUMPWITH CHECK VALVE
8. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE AND 37. VENTILATION DUCT
CABIN ALTITUDE GAUGE 38. PRESSURIZED AIR CONTROL BOX ASSY
9. PRESSURIZED AIR BLEED PORT 39. OVERBOARD DUMP
10. OUTSIDE AIR BOX ASSEMBLY 40. EJECTOR
11. RECIRCULATION FAN 41. CHECK VALVE(S)
12. OUTSIDE AIR SOURCE 42. SEPARATOR
13. EVAPORATOR 43. REGULATOR
14. EXPANSION VALVE 44. DEICE EJECTOR
15. EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE 45. VALVE(2 WAY)
16. RECEIVER DEHYDRATOR 46. VALVE (3 WAY)
17. HEATER 47. LINE (TO DOOR SEAL)
18. RESONATOR 48. LINE (TO EMPENNAGE DEICER BOOTS)
19. FRESH AIR DISTRIBUTION LINE 49. BLEED SETTING ADJUSTMENT
20. TEMPERATE AIR DISTRIBUTION LINE 50. ISOBARIC VALVE
21. DUMP VALVE (MANUAL CONTROL) 51. SAFETY VALVE
(EARLIER MODELS ONLY) 52. BLEED LINE
22. SOLENOID VALVE 53. STATIC VENT LINE
23. RECIRCULATING AIR INTAKE 54. RUPTURE DIAPHRAGM
24. TEMPERATE AIR DISTRIBUTION BOX ASSY. 55. STATIC VENT LINE
25. AMBIENT AIR INLET 56. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
26. CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL ASSEMBLY WARNING SWITCH
27. DUMP CONTROL (EARLIER MODELS ONLY) 57. LOW PRESSURE SWITCH
28. PRESSURIZED AND OUTSIDE AIR CONTROL 58. TURN AND BANK INDICATOR
LEVEL (SEE INSTRUMENT PANEL DETAIL) 59. FILTER
Figure 13-1. Heating System Flow Diagram
Reissued: 2/6/81
PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B6
Figure 13-2. Environmental Components

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B7
13-5. CABIN HEATER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION. The flow of primary air for heating, ventilating, and
defrosting is taken through the main pressurization air line or from an outside air duct in the lower right side
of the nose section. During cabin pressurization. the ram air duct is closed, and primary air is taken from the
engine sources together with secondary air taken from the cabin by means of a recirculation blower and is
delivered to the cabin air conditioning and heater system. Air from the heater is directed to outlets along both
sides of the cabin and also is routed to the windshield defroster outlets along both sides of the windshield
center post. Air for ventilating is routed through ducts along both sides of the cabin and exits out of individ-
ually controlled eyeball outlets next to each passenger seats and in front of the pilot and copilot. The recircula-
tion blower operates whenever the cabin comfort control master switch is on. All controls for the heater are
mounted on the lower right instrument panel.
13-6. HEATER OPERATION. The combustion heater is controlled by an electronic controller located on
the lower right instrument panel. A master switch turns the system ON or OFF. To the left of the controller is
the heater fuel switch. The controller has a mode switch for operating the heater in an automatic or manual
selection. A temperature control is used to select the desired temperature through the use of a controllable
mercury bulb thermostat. The system is normally operated in the AUTO mode position and when the thermo-
stat calls for heat. the controller turns the heater on. The heater operates at maximum efficiency until the
desired temperature is obtained.
13-7. DESCRIPTION OF HEATER COMPONENTS.
13-8. SPARK-SPRAY IGNITION. (Refer to Figure 13-3.) The controlled atomized spray from a specially
designed spray nozzle. coupled with a high voltage spark plug ignition system and a regulated combustion air
intake provide the conditions required for heater operation.
Heat is produced by burning a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the heater. Fuel is injected
into the combustion chamber through the spray nozzle The resulting cone shaped fuel spray mixes with
combustion air and is ignited by a spark from the spark plug. Electric current for ignition is supplied by an
ignition unit which converts 24-volts DC to high voltage oscillating current to provide a continuous spark
across the spark plug gap. A shielded, high voltage lead connects the ignition unit to the spark plug. Com-
bustion air enters the combustion chamber, tangent to its surface and imparts a whirling or spinning action to
the air This produces a whirling flame that is stable and sustains combustion. Ignition is continuous and the
combustion process is self-piloting. The burning gases travel the length of the inner combustion chamber: then
double back along the inside wall of the heat exchanger to the three crossovers, through which they pass into
the outer heat exchanger compartment. After traveling the length of the heat exchanger, they then pass out the
exhaust outlet.
Ventilating, pressurized, or dehumidified air passes through the heater between the jacket and the outer
surface of the combustion tube, and through a passage between the outer and inner portions of the combus-
tion chamber. In this manner, the air comes in contact with the heated cylinder surfaces.
13-9. COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER. This centrifugal type blower supplies combustion air to the com-
bustion chamber of the heater. Performance of the combustion air blower is assisted by the use of ram air
during flight.
Combustion air blowers (10E58-1. 10E58-2. 16E68-1 and 16E68-2only) contain an internal heating coil
to preheat the combustion air to assure complete fuel atomization when operating in cold surroundings. The
heating coil is controlled by a temperature switch set to turn the heating element on when combustion air
blower temperature reaches 0 ° F and then to turn it off when the temperature reaches +60° F.

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5B8
Figure 13-3. Cutaway of Heater, Showing Whirling Flame (Typical)
13-10. FUEL PUMP AND HEATER FUEL FILTER. The fuel pump is an electrically operated 28 VDC
unit with a capacity of 3 GPH at 100 psi. The heater fuel filter on aircraft model PA-3 IT with serial numbers
31T-7400002 to 3 T-7720069 inclusive, is located under the copilot seat. below an access panel on the floor
Aircraft model PA-3 IT with serial numbers 31T-7820001 and up. and model PA-31TI with serial numbers
31T 1-7804001 and up. the filter is located in the right. forward fuselage at station 81. The filter should be re-
placed after approximately 500 hours of heater operation and inspected each 100 hours The heater operation
hours are recorded on an hour meter. located in the forward fuselage at station 81
13-11. HEATER LIMIT SWITCH. Located on the heater is an overheat orlimit switch. Thisactsas a safety
device to render the heater system inoperative if a malfunction should occur causing excessively high
temperatures (225°+-5°F. minimum opening). This switch is located on the downstream end of the vent
jacket and is reached through the access panel on the right side of the nose section. On various models the reset
switch is located on the instrument panel adjacent to the heater controls. (Refer to Parts Catalog for part
numbers, serial numbers and kit number).
13-11a. HEATER THERMOSTAT. Refer to Parts Catalog for part numbers. serial numbers) If kit
numbers 764 227 and 764 228 are installed, a manual reset thermostat has been attached to the outboard side of
the hot air distribution box to prevent overheating of the heated air ducts. If the thermostat should sense a
temperature of 300° + -3°F. electrical power will be interrupted to the heater control valve, thereby. pre-
cluding further heater operation until the thermostat is manually reset by removing the access panel on the
right side of the nose section and depressing the reset button.
13-12. HEATER CYCLING SWITCH. The cycling switch located on the upper surface of the left cabin
heat duct. just opposite the left rudder pedal. operates to control the duct temperature. This switch will turn
the heater fuel off when the duct temperature reaches 196 ± 3°F and back on at 188° + 5 F. This switch cycles
the heater on and off to maintain the set temperature and is adjustable. (See Figure 13-4.) Preset at the factors
so no further adjustment should be required.
13-13. COMBUSTION AIR PRESSURE SWITCH. This is a differential pressure switch which shuts off
the heater operation whenever a positive combustion air pressure of .5" of water is reached.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
1 ADJUSTMENT SCREW
2. RUDDER PEDAL TORQUE TUBE
3 PILOT'S LEFT RUDDER PEDAL
4 HEAT DUCT
5 GASKET
6 CYCLING SWITCH
7 SWITCH PLATE
8 FLAT WASHER
9 LOCK WASHER
10 MACHINE SCREW
Figure 13-4 Heater Cycling Switch
13-14 INSPECTION OF HEATER AND HEATER COMPONENTS

a Inspect all fuel lines and fittings for fuel stains. indicating leakage, and replace lines or tighten
fittings as necessary
b. Check heater for loose bolts. screws and wiring
c Inspect all electrical connections for corrosion If corrosion is evident. clean affected component,
and wipe clean with a lightly oiled cloth.
d Inspection of the heater combustion chamber is limited because the outer jacket is not removable
Minor cracks or pinholes will be detected in the leakage test outlined in Paragraph 13-71
13-15 DAILY INSPECTION.

a. Inspect the ventilating air inlet scoop. combustion air inlet scoop, exhaust outlet and fuel drain
for possible obstructions Make sure that all of these openings are clear of any restrictions and that no
damage has occurred to air scoop protrusions
b Look in the area of the combustion heater exhaust tube for large or unusual accumulations of soot
on the aircraft skin. Soot accumulations indicate that the heater is operating at a "fuel rich" condition A
"fuel rich" condition may be caused by incorrect fuel pressure to the heater, restriction in the combustion air
inlet line, loss of performance by the combustion air blower. or partially clogged fuel nozzle
c Perform an operational check as follows:
1. Place the HEATER SWITCH in the ON (or HEAT) position The ventilating air blower
and combustion air blower should operate and the heater OVER TEMP light should illuminate
2 Operate both the combustion air blower and ventilating air blower and check each for
unusual current draw, noise or vibrations

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B10
13-16. 100-Hour INSPECTION. The mandatory 100 Heater Operating Hour Inspection shall be
conducted on new heaters or overhauled heaters with a new combustion tube assembly upon the accumulation
of 500-heater hours or twenty-four months, whichever occurs first, and thereafter at intervals not to exceed
100-heater hours or twenty-four months. whichever occurs first. If an hourmeter is used on the heater
assembly, it should be connected across terminals number 2 and 5 on the heater terminal strip. If an hourmeter
is not used. count one heater hour for each two flight hours for normal aircraft operation. Consideration
should be given for any excessive ground operation of the heating system.
NOTE
The 100-Hour Inspection consists of the functional checks and

inspections listed below and the Pressure Decay Test.
a. Inspect ventilating air and combustion air inlets and exhaust outlet for restrictions and security at
the airplane skin line.
b. Inspect the drain line to make sure it is free of obstructions. Run a wire through it if necessary to
clear an obstruction
c. Check all fuel lines for security at joints and shrouds. making sure that no evidence of leaks exists.
Also check for security of attachment of fuel lines at the various attaching points in the airplane.
d. Inspect electrical wiring at the heater terminal block and components for loose connections.
possible chafing of insulation, and security of attachment points.
e. Inspect the high-voltage cable connection at the spark plug to make sure it is tight Also. examine
the cable sheath for any possible indications of arcing. which would be evidenced by burning or discoloration
of the sheath.
f. Inspect the combustion air blower assembly for security of mounting and security of connecting
tubing and wiring. Tighten any loose electrical terminals and air tube connections.
g. Operate both the combustion air blower and ventilating air blower and check for unusual noise or
vibrations.
h. It is recommended that the condition of the spark plug be checked for operation as described in
paragraph titled "Spark Plug."
i. Evaluate the condition of the combustion chamber by performing a "Pressure Decay Test" as
described in the latest revision of Janitrol Maintenance and Overhaul Manual P 'N 24E25-1 or Kit 764 963
Janitrol Heater Pressure Check.
NOTE
Janitrol Maintenance and Overhaul Manual P N 24E25-1 can be

obtained from the Midland-Ross Corp.. Janitrol Aero Div.. 4200
Surface Road. Columbus. Ohio 43228. (Phone: 614-276-3561.)
j. Following the 100-hour inspection, perform the "Preflight and or Daily Inspection" as described.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B11
13-17. MAINTENANCE SERVICE. Instructions contained in the following paragraphs consists of removal
and installation of the heater assembly from the airplane.
13-18. REMOVAL OF HEATER

a. Ascertain that the heater switches are off.
b. Remove the access panel located on the right side of the airplane's nose section.
c. Remove the air conditioning duct which extends over the heater from the evaporator shroud
d. Disconnect the wires from the harness to the heater terminal strip.
NOTE
For ease of installation,the wires should be marked before removal.
e. Disconnect the combustion air blower intake and exit tubes and electrical leads Then remove the
blower assembly from its mounting bracket
f. Remove the shroud cover at the fuel line fitting at the heater and disconnect the fuel and drain
lines. Also. disconnect the electrical lead from the terminal on the heater which goes to the solenoid valve
assembly.
g. Disconnect the fuel drain fitting below the heater and let it rest against the skin.
h Disconnect and remove the two air ducts from the air distribution box assembly.
i. Loosen and remove the two V-bands clamps which secure the heater to the air distribution and
evaporator shroud. Remove the sealing tape from around the heater joints.
j Loosen the four screws which hold the evaporator shroud in place and move the shroud forward.
as far as it will go. to obtain added clearance for heater removal.
k Remove the heater assembly from the airplane by raising the aft end of the heater to clear the air
distribution box assembly: then moving the heater aft to clear the evaporator shroud.
Revised:1/5/84 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5B12
13-19. INSTALLATION OF HEATER.

a. Install the forward end of the heater below the outlet on the evaporator shroud and move it
forward until the aft end of the heater clears the air distribution box.
b. Align the heater exhaust tail pipe into the hole in the fuselage skin.
c. Move the evaporator shroud aft until it butts against the heater; wrap one overlapped turn of
pressure sensitive tape 69EGS (3M) around the joints before installing V-band clamps; then install the
V-band clamps at the ends of the heater.
NOTE
Do not tighten the clamps at this time, as it may be necessary to

move the heater or evaporator assembly to make other hookups.
d. Install the four screws which hold the evaporator shroud in place and secure the shroud.
e. Connect the fuel drain fitting below the heater.
f. Connect the fuel line and fuel shroud drain line at the heater and install the fuel shroud cover.
g. The V-band clamps can be tightened at this time.
h. Mount the combustion air blower to the intake and exit air tubes and secure the connections at
the tubes. Now secure the blower to the mounting bracket.
i. Connect the electrical lead to the solenoid valve terminal on the heater jacket.
j. Connect the rest of the electrical leads to the heater terminal strip.
NOTE
A wiring schematic of the heater hookup may be found in the

Electrical System, Section XV.
k. Install and secure the two air ducts from the air distribution box assembly.
1. Install and secure the air conditioning duct extending over the heater from the evaporator
shroud.
m. Make a complete inspection of the system installation; then install the access panel and secure it.
13-20. HEATER ELECTRICAL SYSTEM CHECKS.
13-21. ELECTRICAL CONTINUITY CHECK. These tests are listed as an aid in isolating open-circuited
or inoperative components. (Refer to Section XV for wiring schematics.)
NOTE
The schematic wiring diagrams in Section XV shows, in addition

to the heater circuitry, the airplane environmental control circuit.
For the pruposes of this manual, the circuitry shown in these illus-
trations will be utilized to describe electrical continuity checks.
It must be assumed that power, which is furnished through the cabin comfort circuit breaker, is
present at the "MASTER" switch at all times. Always check the circuit breaker before performing electrical
continuity checks.

SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
a. To operate the "RECIRCULATING FAN," turn the cabin comfort controller "MASTER" switch
"ON." The fan will operate as long as the switch is "ON."
b. To operate the heater, set up the cabin comfort controller as follows:
1. Position the "SELECTOR" switch in the "HEAT" position.
2. Position the "MODE" switch in the "MANUAL" position.
3. Position the "HEATER FUEL" switch "ON."
4. Turn the "MASTER" switch "ON" and check at combustion air outlet for ignition.
c. To check the "TEMP" control, reset the controller as follows:
1. Operate the heater as outlined in Step b, and reset the "MODE" switch to "AUTO"
position.
2. Rotate the "TEMP" control to the "HI" position and check for heater ignition after 10
second delay.
NOTE
With the controller set up in this configuration, the "SELECTOR"

switch is cut out of the circuit, and the heater will operate only if
the "TEMP" control is set high enough to call for heat. The
outside air temperature must be below 80°F or the cabin
thermostat must be artificially cooled.
3. Rotate the "TEMP" control to the "LO" position. The heater should shut off.
13-22. RECIRCULATING FAN POWER CIRCUIT CHECK. With the cabin comfort controller
"MASTER" switch in the "ON" position, electrical continuity (24-volts nominal) should be present at the
recirculating fan motor.
13-23. HEATER POWER CIRCUIT CHECK. With the cabin comfort controller "MASTER" switch in the
"ON" position, the "SELECTOR" switch in the "HEAT" position and the "MODE" switch in the "MAN"
position, electrical continuity should be present at the following locations:
NOTE
The recirculating fan will operate as long as the master switch is

on.
a. Terminal No. 1 of the heater terminal strip to ground.

b. Terminal No. 1 of heater terminal strip through the radio noise filter to the combustion air
blower motor to terminal No. 5 of the heater terminal strip.
c. From terminal No. 1 of the heater terminal strip to the overheat switch through the combustion
air pressure switch to terminal No. 2 of the heater terminal strip.
d. From terminal No. 2 of the heater terminal strip to the ignition unit.
e. From terminal No. 3 of the heater terminal strip through the cycling switch to the fuel solenoid
valve.
In the event that electrical continuity is not present at one or more of the above listed points, the
wiring must be tracked back to the power source. If components are still inoperative after the wiring
inspection, check the individual inoperative components for continuity and, if necessary, replace them.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

13-24. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS. Instructions in this paragraph pertain to maintenance of the
basic heater and components. Instructions for removal of components are included, provided the
installation permits accessibility.
NOTE
No special tools are required for normal periodic maintenance.
13-25. COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER.

a. Removal:
1. Disconnect wire at quick-disconnect terminal.
2. Disconnect the inlet tubing from the inlet air adapter.
3. Loosen the clamps that hold the combustion air blower assembly in the support bracket and
slide the motor out of the bracket.
b. Installation:
1. Prior to installing the combustion air blower, inspect all parts of the assembly for loose
screws, loose nuts, and poor ground connection on the blower housing. Make sure the blower wheel is tight
on the shaft and properly located in the housing. It should have just enough clearance to rotate at full speed
without binding against the outer portion of the housing. Blower performance is based upon this
close-tolerance clearance. It is recommended that correct voltage be applied for this clearance check.
2. Install the blower inlet adapter in the same orientation as before removal.
3. Place the combustion air blower assembly in position in the attaching clamp so the air
tubing can be connected and slide the tubing into position at the point where it was disconnected during
removal. Tighten the motor in the attaching strap.
4. Secure the air tubing by installing the bolt and locknut removed during disassembly
5. Connect the wire lead to No. 1 terminal on terminal strip.
6. Check motor operation by setting the selector switch to the heat position, the mode switch
to the manual position and leaving the heater fuel switch in the off position. Now turn on the comfort
control master switch.
NOTE
It may be desirable to disconnect the lead wire to the recirculating

fan, as it will also operate whenever the cabin comfort master
switch is in the ON position.
13-26. DISASSEMBLY OF COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER ASSEMBLY (57D77). (See Figure 13-5 )
a. Remove the combustion air blower inlet adapter (2) by removing three screws, lock washers,
cover plate and gasket.
b. Remove the outlet adapter (5) by removing the two screws (18) and lock washers (17).
c. Remove the inlet flange (6) by removing the three screws (18) and lock washers (17).
d. Remove screws (18) and lock washers (17); then separate the back plate (11), with motor (13)
attached, from the blower housing (8) and free the motor leads and capacitor (7) from the back plate (11).
e. Loosen the set screw in the blower wheel (10) and slide it off the motor shaft.
f. Remove the two hex nuts (23), lock washers (24) and flat washers (25) and slide the back plate
( 11)off the motor through bolts. The spacer (12) will drop out.
g. Install new motor brushes as described in Paragraph 13-33. If the motor commutator is badly
worn, or if the motor is defective in any respect, it must be replaced.

5B15 PA-31T and PA-31TI
1301
21
1. COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER 15. CAP - BRUSH ASSEMBLY

AND MOTOR ASSEMBLY 16. TERMINAL - PREINSULATED
2. ADAPTER ASSEMBLY -BLOWER INLET 17. WASHER -(AN936A6)
3. BRACKET -MOTOR SUPPORT 18. SCREW
4. CLAMP -MOTOR SUPPORT 19. SCREW-AN520-10R10
5. ADAPTER -OUTLET 20. NUT -(MS2036-1032A)
6. FLANGE -INLET 21. SCREW
7. CAPACITOR 22. WASHER -(AN936-A)
8. HOUSING -BLOWER 23. NUT (AN345-10)
9. GASKETBACK PLATE 24. WASHER (AN93610)
10. FAN - COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER 25. WASHER (AN960-10L)
11. PLATE-BACK 26. SLEEVE - HIGH TEMP.
12. SPACER 27. STRAP -CABLE
13. MOTOR ASSEMBLY 21. SET SCREW
14. BRUSH ASSEMBLY
Figure 13-5. Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly (57D77)

Reissued: 2/6/81
1395
6 SETSCREW - BLOWERFAN
2 FAN
7 ADAPTER ASSEMBLYAIR
COMBUSTION BLOWERMOTOR ASSEMBLY
AND INLET
- BLOWER
3 HOUSING - BLOWER OUTER HALF
9 STRAP - CABLE
9
10 STRAP - CABLE
CAPACITOR
11
12 BRUSH
CAP ASSEMBLY
- BRUSH ASSEMBLY
13 MOUNT - COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER SUPPORT
14 TERMINAL - PREINSULATED
15 SPACER
16 WASHER
17 LOCK NUT - AN345-10
18 SCREWS
Figure 13-6 Combution Air Blower and Motor Assembly (89D23-1)

5B17
13-27. REASSEMBLY OF COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER ASSEMBLY (57D77). (Refer to Figure 13-5 )
a. Place the spacer (12) over the end of the motor shaft and attach the motor assembly (13) to the
back plate (11) with the two self-locking nuts (23), flat washers (25) and lock washers (24).
b. Slide the blower wheel (10) on the motor shaft and tighten the set screw lightly against the flat
portion of the motor shaft.
c. Place the blower housing (8) in position on the back plate (11) and install screws (18) and lock
washers (17).
d. Attach the capacitor (7) at the point shown with the screw (18) and lock washer (17). The motor
ground lead terminal (16) can be grounded to the motor support bracket (3).
e. Attach the inlet flange (6) and blower inlet adapter (2) to blower housing (8) with three screw
(18) and lock washers (17).
f. Loosen the Allen set screw in the blower wheel (10) and shift the wheel on the motor shaft until
it is near the inlet in the blower housing. Tighten the set screw securely. The blower wheel should just clear
the inlet flange when rotated at full RPM. Spin the blower wheel by hand for clearance check; then apply
proper voltage to run motor and recheck for proper clearance.
g. Slide the blower outlet adapter (5) on the blower housing outlet (8) and install the two screws
(18) and lock washers (17).
13-28. DISASSEMBLY OF COMBUSTIONAIR BLOWER ASSEMBLY (89D23-1). (See Figure 13-6.)
a. Remove the combustion air blower inlet adapter (2) by removing one screw.
b. Remove the housing outer half by removing the four screws.
c. Loosen the set screw in the blower wheel (7) and slide it off the motor shaft.
d. Remove the two hex nuts (17), lock washers (16) and flat washers and slide the housing inner
half off the motor through bolts. The spacer (15) will drop out.
e. Install new motor brushes as described in Paragraph 13-33. If the motor commutator is badly
worn, or if the motor is defective in any respect, it must be replaced.
13-29. REASSEMBLY OF COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER ASSEMBLY (89D23-1). (Refer to Figure

13-6.)
a. Place the spacer (15) over the end of the motor shaft and attach the motor assembly (5) to the
housing inner half with the two self-locking nuts (17), flat washers and lock washers (16).
b. Slide the blower wheel (7) on the motor shaft and tighten the set screw lightly against the flat
portion of the motor shaft.
c. Place the blower housing outer half in position on the housing inner half and install screws (18).
d. Attach the capacitor (10) at the point shown with screw. The motor ground lead terminal (14)
can be grounded to the motor support bracket (13).
e. Loosen the Allen set screw in the blower wheel (7) and shift the wheel on the motor shaft until it
is near the inlet in the blower housing. Tighten the set screw securely. The blower wheel should just clear
the inlet flange when rotated at full RPM. Spin the blower wheel by hand for clearance check; then apply
proper voltage to run motor and recheck for proper clearance.
13-30. DISASSEMBLY OF COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER ASSEMBLY. (10E58-1, 10E58-2. 16E68-1

and 16E68-2) (Refer to Figure 13-7.)
a. Disconnect the electrical wiring that supplies the heater assembly (13) at the quick disconnect and
from the relay (11).
b. Remove the combustion air blower inlet adapter (7).
c. Remove the elbow (15) from the combustion air blower outlet to regulator.
d. Remove the housing outer half (5) by removing attaching hardware.
e. Loosen the set screw in the blower wheel (8) and slide it off the motor shaft.
f. Remove the capacitor (20), combustion air switch (12) and the relay (11) from the housing inner
half (6).
g. Remove the hardware that attaches the motor (2) to the housing inner half (6). The spacer (9) will
drop out.
h. Install new motor brushes, if applicable, as described in Paragraph 13-33. If the motor commutator is
badly worn, or if the motor is defective in any respect, it must be replaced.
13-31. REASSEMBLY OF COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER ASSEMBLY. (10E58-1, 10E58-2, 16E68-1

and 16E68-2) (Refer to Figure 13-7.)
a. Place the spacer (9) over the end of the motor shaft and attach the motor assembly (2) to the housing
inner half (6) with attachment hardware.
b. Attach the capacitor (20), combustion air switch (12) and the relay ( I ) to the housing inner half (6).
c. Slide the blower wheel (8) on the motor shaft and tighten the set screw lightly against the flat portion
of the motor shaft.
d Place the blower housing outer half(5) in position on the housing inner half (6) and install hardware
removed.
e. Place the elbow (15) to the combustion air blower outlet in position and install hardware removed
f. Place the combustion air blower inlet adapter (7) with gasket (19) in position and install hardware
removed.
g. Connect the wiring at the quick disconnect and at the relay (I ) that supplies the heater assembly
(13).
13-32. CLEANING OF COMBUSTIONAIR BLOWER.
a. Clean individual metal parts (except the combustion tube and jacket assembly, and those parts
which contain switches or electrical wiring) by immersing them in dry solvent such as Stoddard Solvent
(Federal Specification P-D-680). Use a bristle brush to assist the cleaning process if foreign accumulations
are stubborn to remove.
b. Allow the parts to air dry. If speed is necessary, the parts may be dried with compressed air or a
lintless cloth.
c. Wipe electrical components with a clean, dry cloth. If foreign material is difficult to remove,
moisten the cloth in carbon tetrachloride or electrical contact cleaner and clean all exterior surfaces of the
parts thoroughly.
d. Dust. etc., should be removed from switches by wiping or blowing it off.

5B19 PA-31T and PA-31TI
1 COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER AND REGULATORASSEMBLY
2 MOTOR ASSEMBLY - COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER
Figure 13-7 Combustion Air Blower and Motor Assembly(10E58-1. 10E58-2. 16E68-1and 16E68-2)
1302
1. ELECTRICAL LEAD 13. LOCK WASHER 25. COTTER PIN

2. SLEEVE (INSULATING) 14. PLAIN WASHER 26. PROPELLER
3. GROMMET 15. TERMINAL LUG 27. FLAT SPRING
4. BOLTS 16. NUT 21. BEARING
5. WASHERS 17. WASHER 29. MOTOR ASSEMBLY
6. SAFETY WIRE 18. NUT 30. END BELL
7. SPACERS 19. WASHER 31. BEARING SHIELD
8. CAP 20. BRUSHES 32. BEARING
9. NOISE FILTER RADIO 21. FAN HOUSING 33. SLINGER
10. STATOR 22. WASHERS FLAT 14. ARMATURE
11. SLEEVE (SPACER) 23. MACHINE SCREWS
12. NUT 24. END BELL
I Figure 13-8. Recirculation Fan and Motor Assembly (Dynamic Air)

13-33. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER. Remove the brush cap at one of.
the brush locations. Note position of brush inside the guide and carefully lift the brush and brush spring out
of the guide. Be sure to hold the brush so that it can be reinstalled in precisely the same position if no brush
replacement is required.
Inspect the brush for wear. A new brush is .531 inch long. If brushes are worn to a length of .187 inch,
they must be replaced.
Looking through the brush guide, inspect the commutator, which should be smooth and medium
brown to dark brown in color. Remove all dust from commutator with compressed air. If the commutator
is grooved in the brush track, gouged, scored, or shows signs of having burned spots, replace the complete
motor assembly. If the commutator is in good condition, install new motor brushes and tighten brush caps
into place. Make sure each brush is oriented so that the curved end fits the curvature of the commutator.
After installing new brushes, it is advisable to run in the brushes as follows: Connect the motor to a
controlled voltage supply (rheostat in a 24-volt line). Operate the motor at approximately 1/2 its normal
speed for the first hour; then gradually increase the speed until it is rotating at approximately normal speed.
Continue the run-in operation for at least two hours to properly seat the brushes before installing the
blower in the airplane.
13-33a. PREHEATER ASSEMBLY.
13-33b. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OFTHE COMBUSTION AIR PREHEATER ASSEMBLY

a. With the combustion air blower removed from the aircraft, separate the blower inlet adapter
assembly by removing the screw securing it to its position.
b. Remove the screws securing the preheater to the blower inlet adapter assembly.
c. Lift preheater out of blower inlet adapter assembly, pulling the wire leads in through the grommet
d. Install in reverse order of removal.
13-34. RECIRCULATING FAN (Dynamic Air). (Refer to Figure 13-8.)

a. Removal:
1. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
2. Loosen and remove the four clamps securing the fan to the flexible rubber cuffs and the air
control box and evaporator shroud.
3. Disconnect the electrical leads to the fan motor.
4. Slide the lower cuff down onto the evaporator shroud until the end of the fan housing is
exposed; then remove lower cuff.
5. Move the fan down to disconnect the upper cuff from the air control box and remove.
6. Rotate the fan's upper end out towards the access opening and remove the fan from the
airplane.
b. Installation:
1. If the cuffs were removed when taking the fan out of the airplane, replace them onto the air
control box and evaporator shroud.
2. Install the fan into the space between the air control box and evaporator shroud with the
motor end of the fan extending into the shroud.
3. Turn the fan upright between the airbox and shroud and slide the upper edge of the fan
housing into the cuff on the airbox.
4. Secure the fan, cuff, and air control box together with two clamps.
5. Slide the lower cuff over the lower end of the fan and secure it to the shroud and fan
housing with the two other clamps.
NOTE
Ascertain that the fan does not come in contact with any part of
the air control box or evaporator shroud. The cuffs act to shock
mount the fan.
6. Connect the electrical leads to the fan and replace the access panel on the nose section.
13-35. DISASSEMBLY OF RECIRCULATING FAN (Dynamic Air). (Refer to Figure 13-8.)

a. Remove the cotter pin (25) from the shaft end of the motor armature (34) and remove the
propeller (26) by unscrewing it from the shaft end.
b. Remove the plastic grommet (3) and insulating sleeve (2) from the electrical leads extending out
from the fan housing (21).
c. Cut the safety wire and remove the three bolts (4) and washer (5) which secure the motor
assembly (29) in the fan housing (21) along with the spacers (7).
d. Disconnect the electrical lead (1) from the radio filter (9) by removing the nut (12), lock washer
(13) and plain washer (14).
e. Disconnect and remove the nut (16) and washer (17) from the terminal lug (15) and remove the
radio noise filter (9) and the sleeve spacer (11).
f. Remove the nut (18) and washer (19) on the terminal lug(15) and remove the cap (8) from over
the brush holders.
g. Remove the brushes (20) from the motor assembly (29).
h. Cut the safety wire and remove the machine screws (23) and flat washers (22) from the motor
assembly (29).
NOTE
Make some type of reference marks along both bell ends and
stator to facilitate reassembly.
i. Remove the end bell (24) being careful not to drop the bearing (32), slinger (33) and bearing
shield (31).
j. Remove the end bell (30) also being careful not to drop the bearing (28) and flat spring (27)
behind the bearing.
k. Remove the motor armature (34) from the stator (10).
1. Remove the bearings (28 and 32) from their respective end bells along with the related parts.
13-36. ASSEMBLY OF RECIRCULATING FAN (Dynamic Air). (Refer to Figure 13-8.)

a. Install the flat spring (27) into the end bell (30) with the tabs toward the bearing; then install the
bearing (28).
b. Install the slinger (33) into the end bell (24); then install the bearing (32) and bearing shield (31)
with the tapered center hole towards the bearing.
c. Install the motor armature (34) into the stator (10) and position the end bell (30) to the stator,
aligning the reference marks made before disassembly.
d. Install the forward end bell (24) onto the armature shaft and align the reference marks.
e. Secure the end bells (24 and 30) to the stator (10) with the two machine screws (23) and washers
(22). Install safety wire MS20995-C32 to both screws (23).
f. Install brushes (20) into the brush holders of the motor assembly (29).
g. Install the cap (8) onto the terminal lug (15) and secure with washer (19) and nut (18).
h. Install the sleeve spacer (11) over the terminal lugs (15) and position the radio noise filter (9)
onto the lugs and secure in place with washer (17) and nut (16).
i. Connect the electrical leads (1) to the terminals on the filter (9) and secure with plain washer
(14), lock washer (13) and nut (12).
j. Install the motor assembly (29) into the fan housing (21) and route the electrical leads through
the hole in the housing.

Revised: 9/23/81 5B23 PA-31T and PA-31T1
k. Align the three mounting holes in the motor assembly (29) with the mating holes in the housing
(21); then install the spacers (7) and secure the motor and housing with the three bolts (4) and washers (5)
to secure the assembly and safety the three bolts with MS20995-C32 safety wire.
l. Install the insulating sleeve (2) over the electrical leads extending out of the fan housing (21) and
install the plastic grommet (3) over the wires and sleeve into the housing.
m. Install the propeller (26) onto the armature (34) shaft by screwing it in place and align the hole
in the propeller bushing with the mating hole in the shaft and secure the propeller to the shelf with a new
cotter pin (25).
13-37. CLEANING OF RECIRCULATING FAN MOTOR (Dynamic Air). No solvents should be used on
the electrical leads or motor parts. Lint-free cloths and compressed air should be used for cleaning. Parts other
than electrical may be washed in solvent (Federal Specification P-D-680) and dried with compressed air.
13-38. INSPECTION OF RECIRCULATING FAN MOTOR (Dynamic Air). (Refer to Table XIII-II for
troubleshooting.)
a. Check the housing and propeller for any damage.
b. Check the electrical leads and radio noise filter for damage and broken insulation.
c. Check brushes for amount of wear which should not exceed 20 percent of the useful length or 0.125
of an inch.
NOTE
When brushes are removed for inspection only. each brush and
corresponding holder should be marked to identify exact original
positioning in the motor.
d. Check bearings and bearing seats for any damage of rotating bearings
e. Check armature for commutator wear and eccentricity. Evidence of wear requires finish and
undercutting.
f. If further electrical tests are required on the motor, it should be done in an electrical shop
familiar with maintenance and overhaul of rotating electro-mechanical devices such as starters, generators.
etc. (Refer to Table XIII-I. Leading Particulars.)
13-39. REPAIR OF RECIRCULATING FAN MOTOR (Dynamic Air).

a. Replace damaged leads and insulation on all parts.
b. If commutator or armature is worn. it should be turned down enough to eliminate evidence of
wear, and the mica between the bars undercut approximately 0.031 of an inch deep and 0.030 of an inch
wide. Remove all particles of mica and polish the commutator with 3 0 sandpaper and remove all particles
of copper between the bars. Coat the commutator with long life" manufactured by Magnus Chemical
Company. Inc.. Garwood. New Jersey
c. Replace all rejected parts. Refer to Table XIII-I. Leading Particulars for tolerances of parts
d. Replace bearings if unit has 500 hours service or at any time the brushes are replaced.
NOTE
Bearings used in this unit are critical parts. Great care should be
taken to protect bearings in handling and assembly to prevent
damage to fits.
e. If holder and lead or holder has to be replaced, extreme care must be exercised to get them
positioned to clear the commutator by 0.031 of an inch and to align the rectangular portion exactly parallel
with the centerline of the shaft.
f. If finish on any parts is damaged. touch up and refinish it.

5B24
Electrical Current 27 Volts D.C.

Service Continuous, sea level to 40,000 feet
R-F Interference Filtered per Spec. MIL-I-6181
Operating Temperature -54CC to + 121C; -65F to + 250°F
Motor Brushes Body Length, New, 0.56 inch
Useful Length 0.44 inch
Minimum Useful Diameter of Commutator 0.935 inch
Bearing Insert Seat, Shaft End, Inside Diameter Min. 1.1811 inch; Max. 1.1814 inch
Bearing Insert Seat, Comm. End, Inside Diameter Min. 0.8661 inch: Max. 0.8664 inch
Weight 5.25 lbs.
Requirements 300 cfm at 3.0" H2 0 static pressure
with standard air density of
0.0765 lbs./cu./ft.
13-40. TESTS OF RECIRCULATING FAN MOTOR (Dynamic Air).

a. Electrical. The following should be done by an electrical shop:
Before making dielectric tests. be sure all carbon dust has been
removed with compressed air.
1. Perform a dielectric test between the commutator and shaft at operating temperature The
commutator and shaft must pass a hi-potential test of 500 RMS volts at 60 cycles AC for one minute, and
insulation resistance shall measure 200 megohms or more. If test cannot be met, replace the armature
2. Make a dielectric test of the stator between the leads at operating temperature. It must pass
a hi-potential test of 500 RMS volts at 60 cycles AC for one minute, and insulation resistance shall measure
200 megohms or more. If the test cannot be met, replace the stator
b. Prior to Reassembly:
WARNING
Before energizing fan or motor on bench test. strap it down and

provide some type of wire guard around propeller to protect
personnel. The fan has high suction and can draw a persons hand
into the intake end.
I. The motor should be run on a low voltage of 8 to 14 volts until the brushes are 75 to 90 percent
seated before full voltage is used. During this process, the motor can be loaded by installing the propeller on
the shaft.
2. Check performance of motor with propeller installed on shaft. After operating at full voltage
for 20 minutes. the maximum current input should not exceed 12.5 amperes and minimum speed should be
11.300RPM
5C1
TABLE XIII-II. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (RECIRCULATING FAN) (DYNAMIC AIR)
TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE REMEDY
No rotation Power not supplied Turn on power supply

Check for open in wiring
Brushes not making contact Brushes worn, need

to commutator replacement
Excessive current Bearings misaligned or Move armature back and forth

and low speed preloaded to relieve pre-load
Faulty bearings Replace bearings
Low speed Brushes not properly seated Longer run-in
Excessive current Shorted turns in field Replace stator

and high speed
Excessive current Shorted turns in armature Replace armature

and bucking
Excessive vibration Armature out of balance Rebalance armature
Propeller damaged Replace and balance propeller
Propeller out of balance Rebalance propeller

5C2 PA-31T and PA-31TI
13-41. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF RECIRCULATING FAN AND MOTOR (Dukes). (Same
as Paragraph 13-34 )
13-42. TESTING DUKES 1092-00-3RECIRCULATING FAN.
CAUTION
Do not get hands or clothing near open end of fan.
a. Connect orange lead to 28 vdc positive and black lead to negative.

b. Apply 28-volts and check for proper fan rotation and airflow. (See exploded view in Figure 13-9 )
c. With fan running (28 vdc applied). check current draw. The current shall not exceed 14 amperes
with a minimum of 9000 RPM
13-42a. DISASSEMBLY OF DUKES 1092-00-3FAN. (Refer to the exploded view in Figure 13-9)
a. Cut and remove lockwire from bolts (1).
b. Remove four bolts (1) and sealing washers (2).
c. Remove motor assembly (4). along with fan (3). from housing (11). feeding motor leads through
grommet (8)
CAUTION
Be careful not to bend blades of fan (3)
d. Loosen set screws and remove fan (3) from shaft of motor assembly.
e. Do not remove grommet (8). nameplate (9). or data plate (10) unless replacement is necessary
13-42b CLEANING AND INSPECTION OF DUKES 1092-44-1 MOTOR.

a. Clean parts by wiping with a clean rag moistened with solvent Wipe dry.
b Inspect fan (3) for bent blades. Check for evidence that fan had been hitting the housing (11).
Replace the fan if damaged.
c Check leads of motor assembly (4) for cuts or deterioration. Inspect motor assembly for evidence
of overheating. Rotate the motor shaft by hand. checking for any binding, dragging. or evidence of bearing
failure Check that mounting collar is secure on motor and that all screws and nuts are tight.
d. Inspect grommet (8). nameplate (9). and data plate (10) for deterioration.
e. Inspect housing (11) for damage.
13-43. SERVICING DUKES 1092-44-1 MOTOR.
NOTE
Motor repair is limited to replacement of faulty parts. Replaceable

parts are listed in the Cheyenne Parts Catalog.
5C3
a. Replace the brushes and service the motor as follows:

1. Remove two nuts (7), from thru bolts (16) at brush endbell of motor.
2. Push on the motor shaft to separate the brush endbell from the motor housing. Remove the
brush endbell and armature. Separate the armature and endbells.
NOTE
The bearings will usually stay on the armature shaft. The end play
compensator spring should be installed in the bearing cavity of the
new front (fan side) endbell (5). Blow out brush dirt with compressed
air. Discard the old front endbell (5), thru bolts (6). and nuts (7).
3. Inspect the armature for damage. Polish or take light cut of commutator, if needed. Check the
bearings for roughness. If defective, the motor assembly must be replaced.
4. Refer to the diagram. Unsolder brush leads and remove old brushes. Solder leads of new
brushes as shown.
5 Lay the brush endbell on the bench. Insert the brushes into the brush holders. Push the brushes
in to compress the springs and insert the commutator of the armature between the brushes. The bearing on the
armature shaft will enter the bore in the brush endbell.
6. Insert the armature through the motor housing until the brush endbell is seated on the housing
Install end play compensator spring on bearing on shaft (with the 6 spring contacts into the endbell). Install
new endbell (5) P N 1092-45-2. Insert the new thru bolts (6) P/N AN3-43A and install the new nuts (7)
P N AN364-1032A. Torque to 15 inch-pounds
7 Connect the orange motor lead to a 12vdc power source and the black lead to negative. Run
the motor for approximately 30 minutes to seat the new brushes.
b. Refinish the parts as follows:
1. Repair black anodized surfaces as necessary. Apply chemical film per MIL-C-5541
2. Touch up black painted surfaces with rustoleum #412 flat black, or equivalent
13-43a REASSEMBLY OF THE DUKES 1092-00-3FAN.

a. Install fan (3) on shaft of motor assembly (4) with hub out (facing end of shaft). Apply RTV 732 to
threads of set screws. Torque set screw to 12-25 inch-pounds.
b. Insert motor assembly (4) with fan (3) in housing (11). feeding motor leads through grommet (8)
Install four bolts (1) and sealing washers (2) holding motor assembly so that the fan is centered in the housing
Loosen and tighten opposite bolts until the fan is centered, with at least 0.010 inch clearance between each of
the five fan blades and the housing.
CAUTION
Be careful not to bend blades of fan.
c. After the fan is centered and the bolts are tight. apply PR- 122.B-2 Sealant (Products Research Co )
or equivalent, between grommet (5) and motor leads.
d Safety bolts (I) in pairs with MS20995C32 lockwire.
e. Retest fan as described in Paragraph 13-42.
5C4
13-44. SPARK PLUG (P N 39D18).

a. Removal
1. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section to expose the heater and gain
access to the spark plug.
NOTE
Insure that the heater electrical circuits are de-energized.
2. Unscrew and remove the high voltage lead connector at the spark plug. Exercise care to avoid
fouling or damaging the connector.
3. Using a 7 8 inch deep hex socket, unscrew and remove the spark plug. Make sure the spark
plug gasket is removed with the spark plug. It will normally stick on the spark plug threads.

5C5
CLEARANCE
1. HOUSING
2. GROMMET
3. SET SCREWS
4. FAN HUB
5. FAN
6. MOTOR ASSEMBLY
7. LOCKWIRE
8. BOLTS
9. COLLAR
10. LEAD WIRES
I Figure 13-9. Recirculation Fan and Motor Assembly (Dukes)

5C6 PA-31T and PA-31T1
SOLDER BRUSH
LEADS HERE
1 BOLT - 4 REQUIRED
2 WASHER. SEALING - 4 REQUIRED
3 FAN
4 MOTOR ASSEMBLY
5 ENDBELL
6 THRU BOLT - 2 REQUIRED
7 NUT - 2 REQUIRED
BRUSH 8 GROMMET
HOLDER 9 NAMEPLATE
10 DATA PLATE
11 HOUSING
BEARING
BORE BRUSH
ENDBELL
PUSH BRUSHES INTO BRUSH HOLDERS. COMPRESSING

SPRINGS INSERT COMMUTATOR OF ARMATURE BETWEEN
BRUSHES BEARINGON ARMATURE SHAFTWILL ENTERBEAR-
ING BORE OF BRUSHENDBELL
Figure 13-9. Recirculating Fan and Motor Assembly (Dukes) (cont.)
Added: 4/25/83 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5C7
b. Inspection and Servicing (Spark Plug):

1. If the spark plug appears to be in good condition, except for a mild coating of oxide on the
porcelain and electrode, it may be cleaned and reused. Cleaning is accomplished on a conventional airplane
type spark plug cleaner, except that it will be necessary to use two or more adapters in order to raise the long
extension of the plug far enough out of the cleaner nozzle opening to perform an effective job. Plug the
ceramic insert cavity at the terminal end of the plug with a piece of paper or cloth to keep out any of the clean-
ing sand. Wipe this cavity out thoroughly with a cloth wet with carbon tetrachloride. If after cleaning the
spark plug porcelain is white and the electrode is not eroded, proceed to check the ground electrode in the
heater and adjust the spark gap in accordance with Paragraph 13-44 (c) and Figure 13-13.
NOTE
If the spark plug fails to clean up properly and/or the electrode is

badly eroded, it should be replaced.
c. Spark Gap Check and Adjustment: (See Figure 13-13.)

A spark gap of 0.156 to 0.187 of an inch must be maintained on the P/N 39D18 spark plug. This gap
should be checked any time a plug is replaced or at the time of heater overhaul. A spark gap greater than that
specified can shorten the life of the ignition assembly. There are several methods in which the spark gap of this
heater may be checked. Method I is recommended when the heater is being overhauled and before the installa-
tion of the fuel nozzle. Methods II and III are suitable for checking the gap through the spark plug well when
the heater is not disassembled.
Method I:
1. Using 5/32 inch drill (0.156) or a piece of 5/32 rod, reachdownthrough the small opening in
the combustion head and find the ground electrode. (It is welded inside the head.)
2. Move the drill along the side of the electrode on the spark plug side. (Movement should be
from the outer edge towards the center.) The drill should just pass through the spark plug gap opening. Should
the drill fail to pass through this opening, the gap is too narrow. If it passes through too freely, the gap is too
wide. In either case, it will be necessary to bend the ground electrode in the direction required. This may be
done by removing the spark plug and reaching through the opening.
3. Recheck the gap after repositioning of the ground electrode.
Method II:
1. Measure the distance between the seating surface of the spark plug with a new gasket
installed to the end of the plug electrode.
2. Using a depth gauge, measure the distance between the ground electrode in the heater to the
spark plug seating surface in the heater jacket and check this measurement against the measurement
obtained in Step 1. The difference should be between 0.156 to 0.187 of an inch.
3. The ground electrode can be bent to obtain the required gap.
Method III:
1. Fabricate or purchase from Piper. the special tool from dimensions given in Figure 13-13.
2. Install the threaded end of the tool into the spark plug hole.
3. Slide the rod of the tool into the combustion head until it contacts the ground electrode.
4. Check that the indicator ring on the rod lines up with the end of the tool. The ground
electrode may be bent to obtain the required gap.

SILVER
Figure 13-10.Spark Plug Fixture Figure 13-11. Wiring -Test Setup
1. COVER ASSEMBLY
Figure 13-12. Ignition Unit Assembly (Typical)

Figure 13-13. Spark Plug (P/N 39D18) Gap Adjustment and Tool

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5C10
NOTE
Inspect the ground electrode for erosion. If it is eroded to

approximately half of its original 1/8 inch diameter, it should be
replaced. This can be done as follows:
(a) Grind off the head of the rivet where it projects through the
combustion head and remove the electrode.
(b) Install a new CRES rivet AN 125452 which is 1.500 inches in
length.
(c) HELIARC tack weld only the rivet head to hold it in place.
(d) Check spark gap as noted in Methods I, II or III.
d. Installation:
1. If a new spark plug is being installed, be sure to adjust the spark gap as outlined in Paragraph
13-44. c. Do not bend the electrode on the spark plug.
2. Place a new spark plug gasket on the threads. A small drop of Aviation Permatex, or similar
material may be used on the gasket to help hold it to the spark plug shell during installation.
3. Screw the spark plug into the heater with a deep socket wrench. Tighten to a torque of 28
foot-pounds.
4. Carefully insert the spring connector on the high voltage lead into the spark plug shell; press
down gently and start the nut on the threads. Tighten the nut to 20 foot-pounds.
5. Operate the heater to check dependability and replace the access panels.
Figure 13-14. Spark Plug (10E75-1 and 10E75-2)

5C1 1 PA-31T and PA-31TI
13-45. SPARK PLUG. (P/N 10E75-1 and 10E75-2)

a. Removal:
1. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section to expose the heater and gain
access to the spark plug.
NOTE
Insure that the heater electrical circuits are de-energized.
2. Unscrew and remove the high voltage lead connector at the spark plug. Exercise care to avoid
fouling or damaging the connector.
3. Using a 7/8 inch deep hex socket, unscrew and remove the spark plug. Make sure the spark
plug gasket is removed with the spark plug. It will normally stick on the spark plug threads.
b. Inspection and Servicing (Spark Plug):
1. If the spark plug appears to be in good condition, except for a mild coating of oxide on the
porcelain and electrode, it may be reused. If spark plug gap exceeds .105 .015 of an inch, replace plug. (Refer
to Figure 13-14.)
c. Installation:
1. Place a new spark plug gasket on the threads. A small drop of Aviation Permatex, or similar
material may be used on the gasket to help hold it to the spark plug shell during installation.
2. Screw the spark plug into the heater with a deep socket wrench. Tighten to a torque of 28
foot-pounds.
3. Carefully insert the spring connector on the high voltage lead into the spark plug shell; press
down gently and start the nut on the threads. Tighten the nut to 20 foot-pounds.
4. Operate the heater to check dependability and replace the access panels.
13-46 IGNITION UNIT. This unit converts 28-volt DC to high voltage, oscillating current capable of
producing a continuous spark gap in the combustion chamber of the heater. This unit remains energized and
produces a continuous spark during heater operation. It contains a condenser, resistor, radio noise filter and
vibrator socket. It also has an externally mounted vibrator and ignition coil.
13-47. IGNITION UNIT REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION.

a. Removal: (Refer to Figure 13-17, 13-18. 13-19. or 13-20.)
NOTE
Make sure the heater electrical circuits are de-energized.
1. Disconnect the primary wire from the primary terminal of the ignition assembly.
2. Carefully unscrew and disconnect the high voltage ignition cable at the spark plug. Exercise
care to avoid fouling or damaging the connector.
3. Remove the attaching hardware and lift the ignition assembly off the heater or mounting
brackets on the heater jacket.
b. Installation: (Refer to Figure 13-17, 13-18, 13-19 or 13-20.)
1. Place the ignition assembly in position on the heater or on the brackets attached to the heater jacket.
with the high voltage cable facing the spark plug end of the heater.
2. Install attaching hardware and secure.
3. Carefully connect the high voltage lead to the spark plug.
4. Connect the primary lead to the primary terminal on the ignition assembly and tighten the nut
securely.
5. Check for proper heater operation.

13-48. TESTING IGNITION UNIT. The ignition unit does not require complete overhaul. The following
test will indicate whether or not the unit is operational, and whether the vibrator should be replaced before
reinstallation in the aircraft. The following equipment is required to test the components:
a. A battery that will supply power at approximately 28-volts DC.
b. A voltmeter with a range of 0-30 volts.
c. A lead from the battery to the test fixture in which is included an ammeter with a range of 0-3
amperes and a normally open, momentary closed switch. The total resistance of the lead, including the
ammeter and switch must not exceed 0.3 ohms.
d. Spark Plug Gap: (Spark Plug P/N 39D18)
1. A spark gap of .156 to .187 of an inch. A convenient means of arranging the correct spark gap
is to install a spark plug, P/N 39D 18, in a text fixture arranged to provide a ground electrode and a .156 to
.187 of an inch spark gap. Refer to Figure 13-10for information on fabricating the fixture.
NOTE
Any one of several spark plugs may be used with the spark plug
fixture detailed in Figure 13-10.However, the "A" dimension in that
sketch must be varied with the length of spark plug electrode to
provide a gap of .156 to .187 of an inch for all spark plugs.
CAUTION
When testing an ignition unit, do not use a screwdriver as a substi-

tute for a spark plug and spark plug fixture.
e. Spark Plug Gap: (Spark Plug P/N 10E75-1 and 10E75-2)

1. A spark plug gap of 105 .015 of an inch is required. If gap exceeds this measurement replace
the spark plug. Connect the high tension lead to the spark plug and lay it to one side while testing If the igni-
tion unit is being tested on the heater, plug the spark plug hole to prevent escaping fumes.
f. The high tension shielded ignition lead between the ignition unit and the spark plug is a part of the
cover assembly.
g. Arrange the test equipment as shown in Figure 13-11.
13-49. OPERATIONAL TEST OF IGNITION UNIT.

a. Close the momentary switch and read the voltmeter and ammeter. Release the momentary switch
immediately.
b. The amperage reading at 28-volts DC must be 1.25 + 0.25 amperes.
13-50. VIBRATOR. The vibrators should be replaced after 250 hours of operation. This schedule applies
equally to vibrators installed in new units as well as new vibrators installed in ignition units that have been in
service.

5C13 PA-31T and PA-31T)
13-51. VIBRATOR REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION.

a. Remove the clamp that secures the vibrator in position.
b. Remove the vibrator from the ignition unit; it may require a slight back and forth movement to
remove it from the unit. A piece of masking or friction tape around the exposed portion of the vibrator will
help to grip the vibrator for removal.
c. Install the new vibrator with the index marks aligned. The connector pins on the vibrator can be
felt entering the pin sockets in the vibrator socket; then press the vibrator fully and firmly into position.
NOTE

vibrator.
d. Replace the clamp.
NOTE
If replacement of vibrator fails to correct operational failure,

further disassembly and inspection may be required.
13-52. INSPECTION OF IGNITION UNIT. Inspect components as directed in Table XIII-llland Figure
13-12.
NOTE
Replace any component that fails to meet checks listed in Table
TABLEXII-III INSPECTION (See Figure 13-12)
Index No. Nomenclature Inspection

Cover Assembly Inspect for security of lead assembly
to cover. Ignition cable, grommet
terminal and connector for carbon
tracks, cracks or distortion. Repair
or replace for any of above conditions.
4 Ignition Coil Inspect for broken bakelite, carbon

tracks, oil leaks, and dents in coil
cover. Replace for any of the above
conditions.
13-53.LIMIT (OVERHEAT SAFETY) SWITCH. (Refer to Figure 13-17. 13-18, 13-19 or 13-20.)
a. Removal:
1. If the limit switch is damaged or defective, disconnect the two electrical leads from the switch
terminals. Be sure to mark the leads for proper reassembly. (The switch terminals are identified by numbers

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5C14
2. Remove the attaching hardware and lift the limit switch and spacer(gaskets) from the jacket
opening.
b. Installation:
1. Install the limit switch and spacer (gaskets) by placing them in position in the heater jacket
opening and installing attaching hardware.
2. Tighten screws securely: then reconnect the electrical leads in accordance with markings made
during disassembly. (If in doubt about electrical connections, refer to the wiring diagram. Section XV:)
13-54. CYCLING SWTICH. (Refer to Figure 13-4.)

a. Removal:
1. If the switch is damaged or defective, disconnect the electrical leads, being sure to mark
them for proper reassembly. Remove the two screws (10). lock washers (9), and plain washers (8) and lift
the cycling switch (6), gasket (5), and switch plate (7) from the top of the duct (4).
b. Installation:
1. Install the cycling switch (6), gasket (5), and switch plate (7) by placing in position on the
heat duct opening and securing with the two screws, (10). lock washers (9) and plain washers (8). Tighten
screws securely; then reconnect the electrical leads to their respective terminals as marked during
disassembly.
NOTE
No attempt should be made to repair either the limit switch or the

cycling switch. If they do not operate properly, they should be
replaced.
13-55. REMOVAL OF FUEL PUMP, PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE AND HEATER FUEL FILTER.
a. Removal and installation of heater fuel filter. (Refer to Section IX.)
b. Disconnect electrical leads from pump.
c. Disconnect all fuel lines connected to the pump and pressure relief valve and remove the valve.
d. Free the hardware securing the pump and remove the pump from the aircraft.
NOTE
Refer to Parts Catalog for replacement part number of the fuel

pump motor assembly.
13-56. FUEL PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE BENCH TEST AND ADJUSTMENT.(Referto Figure 13-15)
a. The following test equipment is required:
I. A reservoir and pump capable of delivering 8 gph at 125 psig
2. A pressure gauge with a scale range approximately double the pressure setting of the valve.
(200 psig.)
3. A nozzle assembly similar to the type installed in the heater assembly. (Refer to Parts
Catalog.)
4. Tubing or pressure hose .250 inch diameter with the necessay fittings
5. Test fluid MIL-J-5161F, Grade 11 or equivalent.
b. Set up the test equipment as shown in Figure 13-15.
c. Loosen the locknut (4) and start the pump.
d. Turn the adjusting cap (1) clockwise to increase power or counterclockwise to decrease
pressure until 100 ± 5 psig is indicated on the pressure gauge.
c. Tighten the locknut (4) against the adjusting cap (I): torque to 12 foot-pounds. Ascertain that
the O-ring (3) remains in the body (6) groove

Revised: 9/23/81 5C15 PA-31T and PA-31T1
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
Figure 13-15. Fuel Pressure Relief Valve Bench Test
f. Stop and start the pump several times to recheck the pressure setting Make sure there are no
13-57. CABIN HEATER FUEL SOLENOID VALVE REMOVAL AND BENCH TEST.
a. Make certain the crossfeed valve is in the off position and drain the fuel from the right wing
b Disconnect electrical lead and remove the solenoid valve located under the copilots seat at the main
spar on aircraft model PA-31T serial numbers 31T-7400002 to 31T-7720069 inclusive
c. Bench Test solenoid valve by applying air pressure 100 psi to the inlet port of the valve while sub-
merging the outlet port in a container of jet fuel. No leakage is allowed.
13-58. CABIN HEATER, FUEL REGULATOR AND SHUTOFF VALVE.

a. Removal.
NOTE
It is recommended that the fuel regulator and shutoff valve be re-

placed every two years or by the date written on regulator.
1. Disconnect the electrical lead from the valve.

2. Disconnect the fuel lines from the inlet openings. Make note of these connections for
correct installation.

5C16
SUPPLY
REGULATOR
SUPPLY
Figure 13-16. Test Setup-Fuel Regulator
3. Remove the two attaching screws to free the unit from its mounting.
b. Adjustment. The fuel regulator and shutoff valve used in this system are adjustable but not
repairable. The following steps cover the proper adjustment of this unit.
1. Install the regulator in a test stand similar to that shown in Figure 13-16.
2. Install a 2.5 gph nozzle (Janitrol Part No. D08D09). Stoddard solvent can be used for
testing. Do not use gasoline due to explosion and fire hazard.
3. Apply a fluid pressure of 20 to 30 psi and energize the solenoid.
4. Using a screwdriver, break the adjustment seal and adjust the regulated outlet pressure as
close to 7.5 psi as possible. (Turn clockwise to increase pressure; counterclockwise to decrease pressure.)
5. Slowly vary the inlet pressure from 10 to 50 psi. The outlet pressure should remain between
7.0 and 8.0 psi.
6. With the inlet pressure of 50 ± 3 psi de-energize and energize the solenoid at least twice. The
outlet pressure should be 7.0 to 8.0 psi with solenoid energized and when the solenoid is de-energized the
pressure should drop to zero and the fuel flow from the nozzle should stop.
7. With solenoid energized, slowly reduce inlet pressure from 50 to 10 psi. Outlet pressure
should remain between 7.0 to 8.0 psi.
8. During the above tests, observe for signs of external leakage. Any leakage is cause for
rejection of the regulator. After satisfactory adjustment has been made, apply Glyptol around threads of
the adjustment screw and in the slot.
Installation.
1. Attach the fuel regulator and shutoff valve to its mounting with the two attaching screws.
2. Place the fuel regulator and shutoff valve into position between the fuel line connections
and tighten all connections securely.
3. Connect the electrical lead. Be sure to slide an insulating sleeve (or tape) over the
connection to avoid a short circuit and secure the sleeve in place.
4. Operate the heater to make sure the unit is functioning properly.

13-59. INSTALLATION OF FUEL PUMP, PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE AND HEATER FUEL
FILTER.
a. Secure the pump to the aircraft by attaching the hardware.
b. Connect the fuel lines to the pump and pressure relief valve and tighten.
c. Assure proper pump operation.
d. Check for leaks.
e. Install fuel filter. (Refer to Section IX.)
13-60. COMBUSTION AIR PRESSURE SWITCH, (EARLIER MODELS ONLY.)(Referto Figures 13-17
and 13-18.)
1. Disconnect electrical leads from the terminals of the combustion air pressure switch being
sure to mark them for proper reassembly. Disconnect the tube from the switch cap. Exercise caution not to
exert excessive bending of the tube. (It is "tacked" to the combustion chamber inside the jacket.)
2. Unscrew and remove the combustion air pressure switch from the fitting on the combustion
air inlet tube.
b. Installation:
1. Install the combustion air pressure switch by rotating it on the threaded fitting of the com-
bustion air inlet tube and tighten it securely. Exercise caution not to overtorque the switch as this could
change the setting
2. Connect electrical leads to their respective terminals in accordance with markings made
during removal. If in doubt regarding proper connections, refer to wiring diagram, Section XV. Connect the
tube to the switch cap.
13-61. COMBUSTION AIR PRESSURE SWITCH. (PA-31T Serial Numbers 31T-7820067 and up and
PA-31T1 Serial Numbers 31T-7904008 and up.) (Refer to Figure 13-7 )
a. Removal:
I. Disconnect electrical leads from the terminals of the combustion air pressure switch being sure
to mark them for proper reassembly.
2. Disconnect the tubes (17 and 18) from the switch cap. Exercise caution not to exert excessive
bending of the tube.
3. Remove the attaching hardware that secures the elbows (15 and 16) to the regulator assembly
(14).
b. Installation:
NOTE
DO NOT disassemble the switch assembly from the regulator

assembly This will change the setting of the regulator.
1. Install the elbows (15 and 16) to the regulator assembly with attachment hardware
2. Connect electrical leads to their respective terminals in accordance with markings made during
removal. If in doubt regarding proper connections, refer to wiring diagram. Section XV
3. Connect the tubes (17 and 18) to the switch cap.

13-62. OVERHAUL. INSTRUCTIONS. The heater assembly shall be overhauled after 1000 hours or
NOTE
13-63 DISASSEMBLY OF HEATER (62D33). (Refer to Figure 13-17.) Disassemble the heater in the
general sequence of the index numbers in Figure 13-17. Pay special attention to the following instructions
NOTE
Label all wires prior to removal, so they can be replaced properly

at reassembly.
a Remove the machine screw (15) and slide the adapter (16) off the combustion air inlet tube
b. Disconnect and remove electrical wiring and individual wires from the various components on the
heater It is advisable to remove wire harness assembly intact.
c Carefully disconnect the high voltage ignition lead at the spark plug. Handle the spring connector
on the end of this lead with care to prevent fouling or damage.
d Remove the spark plug (18) using a 7 8 inch deep socket. Make sure the spark plug gasket is
removed
e Remove the four screws (9). lock washers(10).and cable straps (11) to free the ignition assembly
(13) from the combustion tube and jacket assembly (30) (Refer to Paragraph 13-52 for ignition unit
inspection.)
f Remove the fitting (21 ) and nut (22) with a 3 4 inch deep socket. This will free the shroud (24)
and gasket (25)
g Remove the two screws (53) and lock washers (52) and disconnect the electrical wire to terminal
(27) Carefully take the fuel feed. nozzle holder. and solenoid valve assembly (54) out of the combustion
head Handle this assembly carefully to avoid damaging the nozzle (35). Also. remove the gasket (50)
h. Carefully unscrew and remove the spray nozzle (35) from the fuel feed. nozzle holder and
solenoid valve assembly (54). Remove the O-ring (49). Do not disassemble the valve assembly (45) unless it
requires cleaning
CAUTION
Handle the nozzle with care to avoid damage to the tip. The
material around the orifice is very thin. and any blow on the face
of the nozzle can distort the spray pattern or effect the burning
rate This. in turn. can cause malignition or improper combustion.
Revised:1/5/84 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLSYSTEM

PA-31T and PA-31T1
1304 A
COAT SCREWS AND BOTH SIDES OF

ALL GASKETS WITH PERMATEX NO.
1372 FORM-A-GASKET.
1. MACHINE SCREW
2. LOCK WASHER
3. FLAT WASHER
4. TERMINAL BOARD
5. WIRE ASSEMBLY
6. INSULATOR
7. LIMIT SWITCH
8. SWITCH GASKET
9. MACHINE SCREW
10. LOCK WASHER
11. CABLE STRAP
12. COIL (IGNITION)
13. IGNITION ASSEMBLY
14. HIGH TENSION LEAD
15. MACHINE SCREW
16. ADAPTER 31. HEAD GASKET 47. PLUNGER
17. TUBE (COMBUSTION AIR SWITCH) 32. MACHINE SCREW 48. SEAT
18. SPARK PLUG 33. HEAD ASSEMBLY 49. PREFORMED PACKING
19. ELBOW 34. HEAD PLATE ASSEMBLY 50. GASKET
20. COMBUSTION AIR SWITCH 35. SPRAY NOZZLE 51. WIRE ASSEMBLY
21. FITTING 36. MACHINE SCREW 52. LOCK WASHER
22. NUT 37. LOCK WASHER 53. MACHINE SCREW
23. GASKET 38. COMBUSTION HEAD ASSEMBLY 54. FUEL FEED, NOZZLE HOLDER
24. SHROUD 39. MACHINE SCREW AND SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY
25. GASKET 40. LOCK WASHER 55. GASKET
26. SLEEVE 41. SHELL COVER 56. COVER PLATE
27. TERMINAL 42. PREFORMED PACKING 57. MACHINE SCREW
28. LOCK WASHER 43. SOLENOID COIL ASSEMBLY 58. LOCK WASHER
29. NUT 44. BASE PLATE 59. FLAT WASHER
30. COMBUSTION TUBE 45. VALVE ASSEMBLY 60. LOCK WASHER
AND JACKET ASSEMBLY 46. SPRING 61. MACHINE SCREW
Figure 13-17. Heater Assembly Exploded View (62D33)

1396
ALL GASKETS WITH PERMATEX NO.
1372 FORM-A-GASKET.
1. MACHINE SCREW
2. LOCK WASHER
3. FLAT WASHER
4. TERMINAL BOARD
5. WIRE ASSEMBLY
6. INSULATOR
7. LIMIT SWITCH
8. SWITCH GASKET
9. MACHINE SCREW
10. CABLE STRAP
11. COIL (IGNITION)
12. IGNITION ASSEMBLY
13. HIGH TENSION LEAD
14. MACHINE SCREW
15. ADAPTER
16. TUBE (COMBUSTION AIR SWITCH)
17. SPARK PLUG
18. ELBOW
19. COMBUSTION AIR SWITCH
20. NUT
21. SHROUD
22. GASKET
23. COMBUSTION TUBE AND
JACKET ASSEMBLY
24. HEAD GASKET
25. SPRAY NOZZLE
26. MACHINE SCREW
27. COMBUSTION HEAD ASSEMBLY
28. SOLENOID ASSEMBLY
29. GASKET
30. MACHINE SCREW
31. FUEL FEED, NOZZLE HOLDER
32. LOCK WASHER
33. MACHINE SCREW
Figure 13-18. Heater Assembly Exploded View (62D33-1 and 62D33-2)
Reissued:2/6/81 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

i. Remove six screws (36) with lock washers (37) that attach the combustion head assembly (38) to.
the combustion tube and jacket assembly (30) and lift out of combustion tube. Do not disassemble the
head plate (34) from the head (33) unless there is damage to one of the parts.
j. Remove the screw (39), lock washer (40), cover (41) and preformed packing (42). Then carefully
slide the solenoid coil (43) off the valve assembly (45). It is not necessary to remove the base plate (44)
unless it is warped.
k. Remove the two screws (1), lock washers (2), flat washers (3), and lift out the limit switch (7)
and gasket (8).
1. To remove the terminal board (4) and insulator (6) from the combustion tube and jacket
assembly (30), remove the four screws (61) and lock washers (60).
m. Disconnect the combustion air switch tube (17) from the elbow (19) on the combustion air
switch (20) and remove the combustion air switch from the combustion air inlet tube.
13-64. DISASSEMBLY OF HEATER. (62D33-1 and62D33-2) (Refer to Figure 13-18.) Disassemble the
heater in the general sequence of the index numbers in Figure 13-18. Pay special attention to the following
instructions:
NOTE
Label all wires prior to removal, so they can be replaced properly

at reassembly.
a. Remove the machine screw (14) to remove the adapter (15) from the combustion air inlet tube.
heater. It is advisable to remove wire harness assembly intact.
c. Carefully disconnect the high voltage ignition lead at the spark plug. Handle the spring connector
d. Remove the spark plug (17) using a 7/8 inch deep socket. Make sure the spark plug gasket is
removed.
e. Remove the four screws (9) and cable straps (10) to free the ignition assembly (12) from the
combustion tube and jacket assembly (23). (Refer to Paragraph 13-52 for ignition unit inspection.)
f. Remove the solenoid, elbow fitting and nut. This will free the shroud, gasket and washer.
g. Remove the two screws (30). Carefully take the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly off the
combustion head. Handle this assembly carefully to avoid damaging the nozzle (25). Also, remove the
gasket (29).
h. Carefully unscrew and remove the spray nozzle (25) from the fuel feed and nozzle holder
assembly (31 ).
CAUTION
Handle the nozzle with care to avoid damage to the tip. The
material around the orifice is very thin, and any blow on the face
of the nozzle can distort the spray pattern or effect the burning
rate. This, in turn, can cause malignition or improper combustion.
i. Remove six screws (26) that attach the combustion head assembly (27) to the combustion tube
and jacket assembly (23) and lift out of combustion tube.
j. Remove the two screws (1) and lift out the limit switch (7) and gaskets (8).
k. To remove the terminal board (4) and insulator (6) from the combustion tube and jacket
assembly (23), remove the two screws (33).
1. Disconnect the combustion air switch tube (16) from the elbow (18) on the combustion air
switch (19) and remove the combustion air switch from the combustion air inlet tube.

31
1 HEATER ASSEMBLY 13. LIMITSWITCH 24. WASHER

2. COMBUSTION TUBE AND JACKET ASSEMBLY 14. IGNITIONASSEMBLY 25 NUT
3. COMBUSTION HEAD ASSEMBLY 15. INSULATOR 26. MACHINE SCREW
4. BUSHING 16. SPARK PLUG 27 LOCK WASHER
5. NIPPLE 17. HEAD GASKET 28. FLAT WASHER
6. GROMMET 18. SWITCH GASKET 29. ADAPTER
7 GROMMET 19. VALVEBODY GASKET 30. MACHINE SCREW
8. SPRAY NOZZLE 20. TERMIMAL STRIP 31. MACHINE SCREW
9 BOX ASSEMBLY - FUEL SHROUD. LOWER 21. ELBOW 32. LOCK WASHER
10. BOX ASSEMBLY - FUEL SHROUD. UPPER 22. GASKET 33. MACHINE SCREW
11. FUEL FEED NOZZLEHOLDER 23. NUT 34. MACHINE SCREW
12. SOLENOID ASSEMBLY
Figure 13-19. Heater Assembly Exploded View (10E21-1)
Reissued:2/6/81 5C23 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

PA-31T and PA-31T1
13-65. DISASSEMBLY OF HEATER. (10E21-1) (Refer to Figure 13-19.) Disassemble the heater in
the general sequence of the index numbers in Figure 13-19. Pay special attention to the following instruc-
tions:
NOTE
Label all wires prior to removal so they can be replaced properly

at reassembly.
heater. It is advisable to remove wire harness assembly intact.
c. Carefully disconnect the high voltage ignition lead at the spark plug. Handle the spring connector
d. Remove the spark plug (16) using a 7/8 inch deep socket. Make sure the spark plug gasket is
removed.
e. Remove the screws (31) to free the ignition assembly (14) from the combustion tube and jacket
assembly (2). (Refer to Paragraph 13-52 for ignition unit inspection.)
f. Remove the solenoid, elbow fitting and nut. This will free the shroud, gasket and washer.
g. Remove the two screws (33). Carefully take the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly off the com-
bustion head. Handle this assembly carefully to avoid damaging the nozzle (8). Also, remove the gaskets (19
and 22).
h. Carefully unscrew and remove the spray nozzle (8) from the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly
(11).
CAUTION
Handle the nozzle with care to avoid damage to the tip. The material
around the orifice is very thin, and any blow on the face of the nozzle
can distort the spray pattern or effect the burning rate. This, in turn,
can cause malignition or improper combustion.
i. Remove six screws (34) that attach the combustion head assembly (3) to the combustion tube and
jacket assembly (2) and lift out of combustion tube.
j. Remove the two screws (26) and lift out the limit switch (13) and gasket (18).
k. To remove the terminal board (20) and insulator (15) from the combustion tube and jacket
assembly (2), remove the screws (31).
ENVIRONMENTALCONTROLSYSTEM
5C24
13-66. DISASSEMBLY OF HEATER. (10E21-2) (Refer to Figure 13-20. ) Disassemble the heater in the general
sequence of the index numbers in Figure 13-20. Pay special attention to the following instructions:
NOTE
Label all wires prior to removal so they can be replaced properly at

reassembly.
b. Disconnect and remove electrical wiring and individual wires from the various components on the heater.
It is advisable to remove wire harness assembly intact.
c. Carefully disconnect the high voltage ignition lead at the spark plug. Handle the spring connector on the
end of this lead with care to prevent fouling or damage.
d. Remove the spark plug (34) using a inch deep socket. Make sure the spark plug gasket is removed.
e. Remove the screws (22) to free the ignition assembly (31) from the combustion tube and jacket assembly
(2). (Refer to Paragraph 13-52 for ignition unit inspection.)
f. To remove the fuel feed nozzle and solenoid assembly from the heater assembly, proceed as follows:
1. Remove the lower clamp from fuel shroud and slide the upper part of the fuel shroud along the fuel
line.
2. Disconnect the fuel line from the fuel filters (5).
3. Disconnect the drain tube from the lower fuel shroud.
4. Remove the fuel filter assembly (5).
5. Remove the lower fuel shroud assembly (6.) Make sure the fuel shroud gasket (6a) is removed.
6. Ascertain that all electrical wiring is disconnected.
7. Remove the cap screws (7) from the access cover (8) and lift the cover and gasket from the heater
jacket.
8. Disconnect solenoid wire from electrical connector on cover.
9. Remove safety wire from fuel feed, nozzle holder and solenoid assembly.
10. Loosen the knurled nut (18) that secures the fuel feed, nozzle holder and solenoid assembly to the
combustion head (3) using a spanner wrench, Janitrol Part number 18E17-1.
NOTE
Hold fuel tube assembly while loosening the nut, to prevent damage to
the assembly. This assembly is indexed to head ring; DO NOT RO-
TATE.
11. Remove the screw (12) that secures the cover (14). O-ring (15) and coil (16) to the Fuel Feed
assembly. Then carefully slide the solenoidcoil from the valve assembly. It is not necessary to remove the base plate
(17) unless it is warped.
12. Remove O-ring (19) from face of fuel feed assembly.
13. Remove spray nozzle (10) using care not to bend or distort fuel tube.
g Remove six screws (33) that attach the combustion head assembly (3) to the combustion tube and jacket
assembly (2) and lift out of combustion tube.
h. Remove the two screws (26) and lift out the limit switch (29) and gasket (30).
i. To remove the terminal board (20) and insulator (21) from the combustion tube and jacket assembly (2),
remove the screws (22).

5D1 PA-31T and PA-31T1

ALL GASKETS WITH PERMATEX NO
1372 FORM - A GASKET
COAT COVER SCREWS WITH
RTV NO 732 SILCONE
RUBBER SEALANT (CLEAR)
1 HEATER ASSEMBLY 13 FLAT WASHER 24 MACHINE SCREW

2 COMBUSTION TUBE AND JACKET ASSEMBLY 14 SHELL COVER 25. ADAPTER
3 COMBUSTION HEAD ASSEMBLY 15. O-RING 26 MACHINE SCREW
4 FITTING 16 SOLENOID ASSEMBLY 27 LOCK WASHER
5 FILTER 17. BASE PLATE 28 FLAT WASHER
6. SHROUD ASSEMBLY 18 KNURLED NUT 29 LIMIT SWITCH
6a. GASKET 19 O-RING 30 SWITCH GASKET
7 CAP SCREWS 20 TERMINAL STRIP 31 IGNITION ASSEMBLY
8 COVER AND GASKET 21. INSULATOR 32 HEAD GASKET
9 TERMINAL 22 MACHINE SCREW 33 MACHINE SCREW
10 SPRAY NOZZLE 23 LOCK WASHER 34 SPARK PLUG
11 FUEL FEED, NOZZLE HOLDER AND SOLENOID VALVE
ASSEMBLY
12 MACHINE SCREW
Figure 13-20. Heater Assembly Exploded View (10E21-2)

Reissued: 2/6/81 5D2 PA-31T and PA-31T1
13-67. CLEANING OF COMBUSTION TUBE AND JACKET ASSEMBLY.

a. The inside of the combustion chamber and radiator can be cleaned by filling it with Oakite M-3
Stripper Solution and allowing it to soak overnight. This will require closing the combustion air, exhaust
and drain openings with tight-fitting metal caps to retain the Oakite Solution. The solution is made by
mixing one pound of Oakite with each gallon of water used, and should be maintained at 190 degrees
Fahrenheit to 210 degrees Fahrenheit during the soaking period. Be sure to rinse the heater thoroughly
with water after soaking.
CAUTION
Do not submerge the combustion chamber, radiator and jacket

assembly in the Oakite solution. as this will destroy the
non-removable gasket at the exhaust outlet opening in the jacket.
b. A sandblast cleaner or a stainless steel brush may also be used to clean the inside of the
combustion chamber. After sandblasting or brushing, be sure to remove all sand or loosened foreign
material.
CAUTION
Do not use an ordinary steel brush, as it may cause corrosion.
c. Wipe the outside of the jacket with a cloth dampened in dry-cleaning solvent and follow up with
a clean, dry cloth.
13-68. INSPECTION OF COMBUSTIONCHAMBER AND JACKET.

a. Since the outer jacket is not removable, inspection of the combustion chamber is limited. Minor
cracks or pinholes can be detected in the leakage test outlined in Paragraph 13-71. The following
information should be useful in attempting to evaluate a damaged combustion chamber.
b. Damage to the combustion chamber and radiator can be classified as soft and spongy metal as a
result of overheating, deformation as a result of overheating or backfiring, fatigue cracks and pinholes.
NOTE
A heater showing damage due to overheating has been operating in

a system where some control is not functioning correctly. Be sure
to check all components of the heating system before placing the
heater back into service.
c. Soft and spongy metal can be detected by tapping lightly with a ball-peen hammer on the
downstream end of the combustion tube. Soft spots will produce a dull sound in contrast to the solid
ringing response obtained when tapping on live metal. If soft spots are found, the combustion chamber and
jacket assembly should be replaced.
d. Deformation as a result of backfiring usually will distort the wall of the radiator near the
crossover passages. This will be accompanied by evidence of extreme oxidation and is sufficient reason for
replacement of the assembly.
Reissued: 2/6/81
13-69. INSPECTION OF REMAINING COMPONENTS.

a. Discard all rubber parts such as grommets, gaskets and O-rings. Always replace these items at
overhaul.
b. Inspect all wires for damaged terminals and for chafed, cracked or otherwise damaged insulation.
Individual wires can be replaced by making them up from No. 16 AWG stock, cut to correct length, with
terminals installed by means of an acceptable crimping tool. Do not use solder for heater wiring connections.
c. If heater controls were operating correctly prior to overhaul, reinstall them.
d. Inspect all hardware parts such as bolts, screws, nuts, washers and lock washers. Replace damaged
parts.
e. Inspect the terminal board for signs of damage, such as distortion or cracks. Replace if either exists.
f. Inspect the spray nozzle with a magnifying glass. The nozzle can be disassembled for cleaning.
Remove the screen and wash in cleaning solvent if dirt is found on the screen. Look for any obstructions in the
nozzle orifice and any sign of damage to the slight conical protrusion at the nozzle tip. There should be no
evidence of any metal object having come into contact with it. Use compressed air to remove obstructions and
re-examine to be sure the orifice is open. Do not under any circumstances press or rap on the tip face. After
cleaning, store the nozzle in a polyethylene bag until ready for reassembly. If there is any sign of damage or
distortion, replace the nozzle.
g. (62D33) Inspect the fuel feed, nozzle holder, and solenoid valve assembly for damaged threads at
the fuel line fitting, and for a crimped or cracked fuel line or distorted housing. Check the solenoid for con-
tinuity by reading the resistance across the two leads with an ohmmeter. A reading of 75 to 85 ohms at room
temperature is normal. If the reading is not between these limits, or if the solenoid windings show signs of
physical damage or overheating, replace it. Replace preformed packing.
h. (62D33-1, 62D33-2, 10E21-1 and 10E21-2) Inspect the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly for
damaged threads at the fuel line fitting and for a crimped or cracked fuel line or distorted housing. Check the fuel
solenoid for continuity by reading the resistance across the two leads with an ohmmeter. A reading of 100 to 125
ohms at room temperature is normal. If the reading is not between these limits, replace solenoid
i. The combustion air pressure switch must respond to delicate pressure changes and should always
be checked and/ or replaced at overhaul. (Refer to Paragraph 13-75 and Figure 13-22.)
13-70. TESTING.
13-71. COMBUSTION TUBE AND JACKET ASSEMBLY. Test the combustion tube for leaks as follows:
a. Fashion a sealing plate from approximately .125 inch thick flat stock to seal the opening in the
combustion tube assembly. (See Figure 13-21 ) Use a rubber gasket under the plate and attach the plate with
six screws.
b. Make up seals for all remaining openings, except the one used to connect the air pressure source.
(See Figure 13-21.) Use rubber stoppers as shown. The combustion air inlet tube can be sealed best with a
drilled stopper and clamp. Other openings should be sealed with expansion plugs. The seal used in the exhaust
tube should be formed so that it will not deform the air pressure switch tube which protrudes into the exhaust.
c. See that all openings except the combustion air pressure switch connection are plugged. This is the
most convenient connection for attaching the test air pressure source on earlier models. On later models the
combustion head opening can be used if the cover plate is modified so that the air pressure supply can be
connected to it.
d. Connect a regulated air pressure supply to the opening that has not been plugged. Apply a pressure
of three to five psi to the combustion tube.
e Submerge the assembly in water for several minutes while watching for bubbles that would indicate
leaks. Turn the combustion tube in the water so that any entrapped bubbles will be freed. Bubbles will indicate
leaks No air leakage is permitted from the combustion tube assembly. No weld or braze repairs are permitted
on a combustion tube assembly.

Figure 13-21. Seal Plate, Plugs and Caps for Combustion Tube Leakage Test
13-72. FUEL FEED AND NOZZLE HOLDER ASSEMBLY. Test the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly
as follows.
a. Using filtered compressed air, apply 20 psi to drain port, located on the surface of the valve
assembly near the threaded nozzle cavity.
b. Immerse the assembly in clean water, with the fuel inlet and the nozzle cavity left open.
c. Observe for air bubbles, which would indicate leakage. If bubbles appear at either the nozzle
cavity or fuel inlet, there is a leak in the fuel tube. If bubbles appear externally at either end of the shroud
tube, the shroud tube is leaking.
d. In either of the above cases, the complete fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly must be replaced.
e. If no leaks are found, dry the assembly carefully with compressed air.
13-73. NOZZLE SPRAY TEST. Spray test the nozzle as follows:
a. Install the nozzle in the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly as described in Paragraph 13-77,
13-78 or 13-79,and connect the fuel tube and solenoid valve to a source of fuel capable of delivering the fuel
at 100 psi.
b. Connect the solenoid leads to a 24-volt battery, with a switch in one of the leads to open and
close the solenoid when desired.
c. With the solenoid energized and the fuel line connected, observe the spray pattern. It should be
conical in shape, with even dispersion in all directions.
WARNING
To avoid the danger of fire, use Stoddard solvent and be sure to

keep the atomized spray away from flame.

d. Energize and de-energize the solenoid several times The spray should shut off completely each
time the solenoid is de-energized. There should be no sign of dribbling at the nozzle tip in excess of one or
two drops.
e If the spray pattern is distorted. check for an obstruction and clean the nozzle as described in
Paragraph 13-69 If this fails to provide a normal spray pattern. replace the nozzle.
f. If the nozzle continues to dribble, the solenoid valve is not closing properly. Replace the solenoid
value.
13-74. REPAIR OF COMBUSTION TUBE. No weld or braze repairs of the combustion tube assemblyare
authorized
13-75. TESTING COMBUSTION AIR PRESSURE SWITCH. (Refer to Figure 13-22.)

a. Connect an adjustable air pressure line that can be controlled in a range of zero to 5.0 inches of
water, to the switch opening with a water manometer and needle valve in the line ahead of the switch
Switch must be tested in the same position as installed in the airplane.
b. Connect an ohmmeter across the switch terminals to determine the exact instant of switch closing
c Apply air pressure, slowly allowing it to build up from zero. The switch contacts should close at
0.5 ± .1 inches of water which will be indicated on the manometer.
NOTE
The switch has a differential pressure tap. and this opening must
be left open to atmosphere during the test
d. Make several trials to insure switch reliability. Be sure to increase and decrease the air pressure
slowly in order to produce accurate indications
e. If an adjustment is required, rotate the adjusting screw clockwise to increase and counterclockwise
to decrease settings

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5D6
1. WATER MANOMETER
2. OHMMETER
3. NEEDLE VALVE
4. TEE
5. PRESSURE TAP (OPEN)
6. ADJUSTING SCREW
7. COMBUSTION AIR PRESSURE SWITCH
AIR SUPPLY
Figure 13-22. Test Setup - Combustion Air Pressure Switch
13-76. RECIRCULATING FAN AND COMBUSTION AIR BLOWER TEST. The following tests should be
performed as outlined in the succeeding paragraphs:
a. Check recirculating air and combustion air motors for correct RPM and current drain.
b. Connect either motor to a 24-volt DC power supply. Rotation should be counterclockwise when
viewed from the shaft end.
c. The combustion air blower motor should rotate at approximately 7500 RPM at rated voltage.
Current drain is approximately three amperes.
d. The recirculating fan motor should rotate at approximately 11,300 RPM at rated voltage. Current
drain is approximately 12.5 amperes.
e. If current drain is excessive, or if speed is too low, replace the brushes. Recheck both current
drain and RPM after brushes are properly run in. (Refer to Paragraph 13-40.)
f. If after replacing brushes operation is still unsatisfactory, replace the motor.
NOTE
The motor checks described above for the combustion air motor
should be made without the blower housing attached.
13-77. REASSEMBLY OF HEATER (62D33). (Refer to Figure 13-17.) When reassembling the heater,
use all new gaskets, seals and O-rings.
a. Reconnect the combustion air switch (20) to the combustion air inlet tube extending from the
jacket assembly (30). Install the elbow (19) to the switch and connect the combustion air switch tube (17).
b. Install the terminal board (4) and insulator (6) on the combustion tube and jacket assembly (30)
with four screws (61) and lock washers (60).

c. Install the limit switch (7) and gasket (8) to the jacket assembly and secure with flat washers (3),
lock washers (2) and screws (1).
d. Assemble the fuel feed, nozzle holder, and solenoid valve assembly (54) by carefully sliding the
solenoid coil (43) onto the valve assembly (45) and installing a new preformed packing (42), cover (41),
lock washer (40), and securing the complete assembly with a machine screw (39).
e. Install the combustion head assembly (38) into the combustion tube and jacket assembly (30)
being certain to align the spark plug holes. Secure the combustion head assembly (38) to the jacket with six
lock washers (37) and machine screws (36). Refer to "Note" on Figure 13-17. Leave the screws (36) loose
at this time.
f. Install the spark plug (18) by screwing it into the threaded opening, making sure that the spark plug gasket
is in position. Tighten to a torque of 28 foot-pounds, using a inch deep socket wrench. Then tighten the six screws
(36).
g. If the valve assembly (45) was disassembled, reassemble as follows: Holding the plunger (47)
upright, insert the spring (46). Install the valve body down over the plunger and spring. Turn this assembly
upright and install the seat (48) and preformed packing (49).
h. Remove the spray nozzle (35) from the polyethylene. Screw the nozzle into the nozzle holder
and tighten to 75 to 100 inch-pounds. It is very important to torque the nozzle to this value, as incorrect
tightening could cause improper heater operation and "drool." Overtorque can cause nozzle core to become
loose.
CAUTION
The spray nozzle is susceptible to damage, if the face is contacted

by any object which would alter the original contour of the face.
If this happens, the nozzle must be replaced.
i. Install the fuel feed, nozzle holder, and solenoid valve assembly (54) into the heater. Center the
fuel inlet fitting in the hole in the jacket. Place the fuel fitting shroud gasket (25) and the shroud (24) on
the fuel fitting and install the gasket (23) and nut (22) finger tight.
j. Connect the solenoid ground wire under one of the attaching screws (53). Tighten the two
machine screws (53) and the nut (22) with a 3/4 inch deep socket and install the fitting (21).
k. Install the ignition assembly (13) on the heater with four lock washers (10) and screws (9); also
install the cable straps (11).
1. Remove the spark plug (18) and adjust the spark gap in accordance with instructions given in
Paragraph 13-44, c.
m. Complete the assembly, being sure to install the wiring in the same locations and connected to
the same terminals as before disassembly. Also, slide the adapter (16) onto the combustion air inlet tube
and secure with machine screw (15).
13-78. REASSEMBLY OF HEATER. (62D33-1 and 62D33-2) (Refer to Figure 13-18.) When re-
assembling the heater, use all new gaskets, seals and O-rings.
a. Reconnect the combustion air switch (19) to the combustion air inlet tube extending from thejacket
assembly (23). Install the elbow (18) to the switch and connect the combustion air switch tube (16).
b. Install the terminal board (4) and insulator (6) on the combustion tube and jacket assembly (23)
with two screws (33).
c. Install the limit switch (7) and gaskets (8) to the jacket assembly and secure with screws (1).
d. Install the combustion head assembly (27) into the combustion tube and jacket assembly (23) being
certain to align the spark plug holes. Secure the combustion head assembly (27) to the jacket with six machine
screws (26). Refer to "Note" on Figure 13-18. Leave the screws (26) loose at this time.

e. Install the spark plug (17) by screwing it into the threaded opening, making sure that the spark plug
gasket is in position. Tighten to a torque of 28 foot-pounds, using a inch deep socket wrench. Then tighten
the six screws (26).
f. Remove the spray nozzle (25) from the polyethylene. Screw the nozzle into the nozzle holder
and tighten to 75 to 100 inch-pounds. It is very important to torque the nozzle to this value, as incorrect
tightening could cause improper heater operation and "drool." Overtorque can cause nozzle core to become
loose.
CAUTION
The spray nozzle is susceptible to damage. if the face is contacted

by any object which would alter the original contour of the face.
If this happens. the nozzle must be replaced.
g. Install the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly (31) into the heater with two screws. Center the
fuel inlet fitting in the hole in the jacket. Place the fuel fitting shroud gasket (22) and the shroud (21) on the
fuel fitting and install the washer and nut (20) finger tight. Insert a 3/4 inch open end wrench inside the
jacket and hold the fuel tube fitting while tightening the nut.
h. Tighten the nut (20) with a 3/4 inch deep socket and install the elbow fitting
i. Install solenoid, carefully pull solenoid lead wires through hole in shroud and install grommet.
j. Install the ignition assembly (12) on the heater with two screws (9); also install the cable straps
(10).
k. Remove the spark plug (17) and adjust the spark gap in accordance with instructions given in
Paragraph 13-44. c.
l. Complete the assembly, being sure to install the wiring in the same locations and connected to
the same terminals as before disassembly. Also, slide the adapter onto the combustion air inlet tube and
secure with machine screw
13-79. REASSEMBLY OF HEATER. (10E21-1) (Refer to Figure 13-19.) ehen reassembling the heater.
use all new gaskets, seals, and O-rings.
a. Install the terminal board (20) and insulator (15) on the combustion tube and jacket assembly (2)
with screws (31).
b. Install the limit switch (13) and gasket (18) to the jacket assembly and secure with screws (26).
c. Install the combustion head assembly (3) into the combustion tube and jacket assembly (2) being
certain to align the spark plug holes. Secure the combustion head assembly (3) to the jacket with six machine
screws (34). Refer to "Note" on Figure 13-19. Leave the screws (34) loose at this time.
d. Install the spark plug (16) by screwing it into the threaded opening. making sure that the spark plug
gasket is in position. Tighten to a torque of 28 foot-pounds. using a inch deep socket wrench. Then tighten
the six screws (34).
e Remove the spray nozzle (8) from the polyethylene. Screw the nozzle into the nozzle holder and
tighten to 75 to 100 inch-pounds. It is very important to torque the nozzle to this value. as incorrect tightening
could cause improper heater operation and "drool." Overtorque can cause nozzle core to become loose
CAUTION
The spray nozzle is susceptible to damage if the face is contacted

by any object which would alter the original contour of the face. If
this happens, the nozzle must be replaced.

NOTE 1: REFERTO STEP "J" OF PARAGRAPH 13-82.
Figure 13-23. Suggested Setup for Heater Operation Test
REC AIR SWITCH
COMB AIR SWITCH
FUEL PUMP SWITCH
MASTER
Figure 13-24. Suggested Wiring Connections for Heater Operation Test

PA-31T and PA-31T1
f. Install the fuel feed and nozzle holder assembly (11) into the heater with two screws. Center the fuel
inlet fitting in the hole in the jacket. Place the fuel fitting shroud gasket and the shroud on the fuel fitting and
install the washer and nut (23) finger tight. Insert a 3/4 inch open end wrench inside the jacket and hold the
fuel tube fitting while tightening the nut.
g. Tighten the nut (23) with a 3/4 inch deep socket and install the elbow fitting.
h. Install solenoid, carefully pull solenoid lead wires through hole in shroud and install grommet.
i. Install the ignition assembly (14) on the heater with screws (31).
j. Remove the spark plug (16) and check to see if spark plug is within the limitations in accordance
with instructions given in Paragraph 13-45.
k. Complete the assembly, being sure to install the wiring in the same locations and connected to the
same terminals as before disassembly. Also, slide the adapter onto the combustion air inlet tube and secure
with machine screw.
13-80. REASSEMBLY OF HEATER. (10E21-2) (Referto Figure 13-20.) When reassembling the heater use all
new gaskets, seals and O-rings.
a. Install the terminal board (20) and insulator (21) on the combustion tube and jacket assembly (2) with
screws (22).
b. Install the limit switch (29) and gasket (30) to the jacket assembly (2) with screws (26).
c. Install the combustion head assembly (3) into the combustion tube and jacket assembly (2) being certain to
align the spark plug holes. Secure the combustion head assembly (3) to the jacket with six machine screws (33). Refer
to "Note" on Figure 13-20. Leave the screws (33) loose at this time.
d. Install the spark plug (34) by screwing it into the threaded opening, making sure that the spark plug gasket
is in position. Tighten to a torque of 28 foot-pounds, using a inch deep socket wrench. Then tighten the six screws
(33).
e. To reassemble the fuel feed, nozzle holder and solenoid to the heater assembly proceed as follows.
NOTE
The fuel feed. nozzle holder and solenoid assembly is to be cleaned

and an operational test performed before being reassembled to heater.
CAUTION
The spray nozzle is susceptible to damage if the face is contacted by

any object which would alter the original contour of the face. If this
happens. the nozzle must be replaced.
1. Install new or clean spray nozzle (10) into the nozzle holder and torque to 70 to 100inch-pounds. It
is very important to torque the nozzleto this value, as incorrect tightening could cause improper heateroperation and
"drool". Overtorque can cause nozzle core to become loose.
2. Install new O-ring (19) on face of fuel feed assembly.
3. Thru the heater opening install fuel feed assembly (11) with coil (16), O-ring (15), cover (14),
washer (13) and machine screw (12).
4. Placefuel feed, nozzleholder and solenoid valve assembly (11) in position with index pin in slot in
head ring and tighten nut using spanner wrench, Janitrol Part Number 18E17-1.
5. Safety wire nozzle holder nut to fuel inlet fitting.
6. Connect solenoid wire to electrical connector (9) on cover (8).
7. Install cover and new gasket (8) to jacket and secure with cap screws (7). Use a small amount of
RTV No. 732 silicone rubber sealant (clear) or equivalent sealant on the threads of these screws and both sides of
gasket.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
8. Install gasket (6A) and shroud assembly (6).

9. Install new fuel filter (5) and insure O-rings are in proper position.
NOTE
Fuel filter should be torqued sufficient to seal gasket joint at the jacket and
fuelfitting joint.
10. Connect fuel supply tube to filter inlet fitting (4).
11. Position fuel shroud assembly (6) and install clamp. Also attach the drain tube to the shroud
assembly (6).
f. Install the ignition assembly (31) on the heater with screws (22).
g. Remove the spark plug (34) and check to see if spark plug is within the limitations in accordance with
instructions given in Paragraph 13-45.
h. Complete the assembly being sure to install the wiring in the same locations and connected to the same
terminals as before disassembly. Also, slide the adapter (25) onto the combustion air inlet tube and
secure with machine screw (24).
13-81. TEST PROCEDURE.
13-82. GENERAL INFORMATION. A test of all components should have been made after overhaul to insure
proper operation. Some shops may not have complete testing facilities for measuring airflow, pressure drops,
and other factors which would be accomplished in a laboratory type test. If such a test cannot be made, install
the heater and check operation on the ground and in the air to determine if operation is normal. In shops where
complete test equipment is available and a complete functional test can be performed, the test routine
described in subsequent paragraphs should be made.
13-83. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED. (See Figure 13-23.)

a. An improvised stand to hold the heater during test. The heater should be located far enough away from
any combustible material or atmosphere to avoid hazard. A location should be chosen where exhaust
can be dispelled. Do not add an excessive extension to the heater exhaust.
b. A source of fuel capable of being regulated from 0 to 100 psi.
c. The combustion air blower to be used with the heater should be used for the test.
d. A 24-volt DC power supply, with a rheostat, ammeter, and voltmeter in the line to control and indicate
the current drain and voltage output.
e. Two water manometers (zero to 5.0 inch water column) for measuring the pressure in the ventilating
air duct and in the combustion air stream.
f. A piece of duct to be attached to the downstream end of the heater. It should have a minimum length
of 24 inches and the same diameter as the heater being tested. A 2.25 inch diameter orifice should be
centrally located at the outlet end. An aperture should be provided for the thermometer, and the
cycling switch that is used with the heater (see Paragraph 13-53, a), and a static tap should be attached
g. A thermometer with 500°F scale.
h. A fuel-pressure gauge 0 to 150 psi range .
i. A controlled source of compressed air for final leakage test.
j. Vent air blower capable of producing a reading on the ventilating air manometer of 2.6 inches of water.

PA-31T AND PA-31T 5D12 Interim Revision: 10/15/97
13-84. OPERATIONAL TEST (Refer to Figures 13-23 and 13-24.)

a. Install the heater into the test setup and check to be sure that all equipment is mounted, the
electrical connections are tight, and mechanical connections are secure.
b. Close the master switch and individually check the operation of the recirculating fan, combustion
air blower and fuel pump.
c. Check to see that the pressure switch light is on. This shows that the combustion air blower is
delivering sufficient air to close the air pressure switch.
d. Check the manometer connected to ventilating air pressure tap. It should show a reading of 2.5 +
.2 inches of water at rated voltage.
e. The manometer connected to the combustion air pressure tap should show a reading of 1.5
inches of water (minimum) at rated voltage.
f. With the fuel pump switch closed, adjust the pump to 100 psi. Close the heater switch: the heater
should ignite within five seconds. (This time may be slightly longer if air must be purged from the lines on
the first trial.)
g. The cycling switch should operate to control the outlet air temperature at approximately 188° ±
°
5 F. This is dependent upon ambient temperature and airflow conditions. If switch operation is within this
range, the switch is operating normally. Replace the switch if it does not operate within this range. The switch
is adjustable. To increase the temperature that the cycling switch is set to cut off, remove the sealant from the
small adjusting screw and turn the screw counterclockwise. To decrease the cutoff temperature, turn the
screw clockwise. After adjustment, seal the adjusting screw with Glyptol or equivalent.
h. The cycling switch can be removed from the circuit by means of a cycle switch bypass. Use of the
bypass permits checking the operation of the overheat switch.
i. Restrict the ventilating air inlet and observe if the overheat switch shuts off the heater. The overheat
light will indicate opening of the overheat switch. It should shut off not lower than 225 ° ± 5° F. This shutoff
temperature is also dependent upon ambient temperature and airflow. The overheat switch is not adjust-
able.
j. After the overheat switch shuts off, remove the ventilating air restriction. Open the cycle switch
bypass. Push the manual reset button on the overheat switch, and the heater should ignite and operate
normally.
k. Shutdown the heater test setup and check all components of the heater to be sure no damage has
occurred in the test.
1. Remove the heater from the test setup and install it in the airplane, in accordance with
instructions in Paragraph 13-19. Remove the cycling switch from the duct used in the test and install
according to Paragraph 13-54, Section b.
13-85. LEAKAGE TEST.

a. Apply air pressure of 3.0 psi to the combustion tube of the assembled heater. Leakage shall not
exceed 0.66 scfm.
b. Apply air pressure of 16 psi to the ventilating air passages. Leakage shall not exceed 1.5 scfm.

TABLE XIII-IV. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (HEATING)
Heater fails to ignite. Heater switch or circuit Turn on heater switch or

breaker open. close circuit breaker.
Low voltage supply. Apply external power supply;

attempt to start heater.
Fuel cut off from tank. Turn on manual shutoff

valve or master solenoid.
Pump not operating Check for low pressure. If

properly. pump not supplying 100 psi,
replace pump.
Restriction in fuel nozzle Remove the nozzle and clean

orifice. or replace. (Refer to Para-
graphs 13-63, 13-64, 13-65
or 13-66, 13-72, 13-73)
Fuel lines clogged or broken. Inspect all lines and connec-

tions. It may be necessary to
disconnect lines at various
points to determine where
the restriction is located.
Defective spark plug. Replace plug.
Plug gap setting incorrect. Check plug gap setting
Ignition vibrator inopera- Replace vibrator. (Refer to

tive. Paragraph 13-51.)
Manual reset limit Press reset button firmly and

(overheat) switch open. recheck to determine reason
for switch opening.
Combustion air pressure Check for low blower output

switch open. (Defective due to low voltage and
switch or low combustion correct it. If switch is defec-
air blower output.) tive, replace it. (Refer to
Paragraph 13-75.)
Cycling switch open. Replace if defective. (Refer

to Paragraph 13-54.)

TABLE XIII-IV. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (HEATING) (cont)
Recirculating fan fails to Circuit breaker open. Close circuit breaker.

operate.
Comfort control master Turn comfort control

switch OFF. master switch ON.
Worn motor brushes. Replace motor brushes.

Motor burned out. Remove fan assembly and

replace motor.
Defective radio-noise filter. Replace filter. (Refer to

Paragraph 13-35.)
Recirculating fan uses exces- Bearings misaligned or pre- Move armature back and
sive current and runs at low loaded. forth to relieve preload.
speed.
Faulty bearings. Replace bearings. (Refer to

Paragraph 13-39.)
Brushes not properly seated. Brushes should be run in

longer. (Refer to Paragraph
13-33.)
Heater ignites then goes out. Lack of fuel at heater. Check fuel supply through
all components from the tank
to the heater. Make necessary
corrections.
Inoperative or chattering Adjust or replace switch.

combustion air pressure (Refer to Paragraph 13-75.)
switch.
Inoperative overheat switch. Replace switch. (Refer to

Paragraph 13-53.)
Inoperative cycling switch. Adjust or replace the switch.

Low voltage. Attach external power.

Heater fails to shut off. Fuel solenoid valve in heater Remove and replace solenoid
stuck open. assembly. (Refer to Para-
graphs 13-63, 13-64,
13-65 or 13-66.
Inoperative cycling switch. Check and repair. (Refer to
Paragraph 13-54.)
Defective cabin comfort Replace control.

control.
Defective cabin temperature Replace unit.

probe.
Heater ignites but burns Insufficient fuel supply. Inspect fuel supply to heater,
unsteadily. including shutoff valve, fuel
pump, pressure relief valve
and fuel lines. Make neces-
sary repairs.
Clogged heater fuel filter. Replace filter.
Spark plug partially fouled. Replace spark plug. (Refer

to Paragraph 13-44 or
13-45.)
Loose primary connection Tighten the connection.

at ignition assembly.
Faulty vibrator. Replace the vibrator. (Refer

to Paragraph 13-51.)
Combustion air blower speed Remove and overhaul the

fluctuates. (Can be caused combustion air blower
by low voltage, loose blower assembly as required or
wheel, worn brushes or correct low voltage condi-
motor. tion.
High voltage leak in lead Replace ignition assembly.

between ignition assembly (Refer to Paragraph 13-47.)
and spark plug.
Inoperative ignition If vibrator is in good condi-

assembly. tion, replace ignition
assembly only. (Refer to
Paragraph 13-47.)

Heater ignites but burns Restriction in fuel nozzle Remove nozzle for cleaning
unsteadily. (cont) orifice. or replacement. (Refer to
Paragraphs 13-63, 13-64,
13-65 or 13-66, 13-72
and 13-73.)
Nozzle loose in retainer or Tighten or replace the nozzle

improper spray angle. as required. (Refer to Para-
graphs 13-63, 13-64.
13-65 or 13-66, 13-72
and 13-73.)
Recirculating fan uses exces- Shorted turns in field. Replace motor. (Refer to
sive current and runs at high Paragraph 13-35.)
speed.
Recirculating fan uses exces- Shorted turns in armature. Replace motor. (Refer to
sive current and runs Paragraph 13-35.)
erratically.
Recirculating fan runs with Propeller out of balance. Rebalance propeller.

excessive vibration.
Armature out of balance. Replace motor. (Refer to

Paragraph 13-35.)
Combustion air blower fails Faulty wiring to motor. Inspect and replace faulty
to run. wiring.
Poor ground connection. Tighten ground screw.
Worn motor brushes. Replace motor brushes.

Blower wheel jammed. Overhaul the combustion air

(Usually indicated by hot blower. (Refer to Paragraphs
motor housing.) 13-24 through 13-33.)
Defective radio-noise filter. Replace filter.
Faulty or burned out motor. Remove combustion air

motor for overhaul or re-
placement of motor. (Refer
to Paragraphs 13-24 through
13-33.)
Reissued: 2/6/81 ENVIR ONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

4
1 INSTRUMENT PANEL
2 RIGHT SIDE OF PEDESTAL
3 AUXILIARY HEAT SWITCH
4 HEATING ELEMENT
5 INSULATOR POSTS
6 THERMOSTATS
7 AUXILIARY HEATING UNIT
SECTION A-A
Figure 13-25. Auxiliary Heater and Switch
13-86. AUXILIARY HEATER.
13-87. AUXILIARY HEATER DESCRIPTION. The electric heater consists of six individual resistive
wire elements located inside an aluminum duct. They are each insulated from the duct housing by screws.
insulator seals and lock washers and are bussed together with copper straps. The heater duct assembly is
located in series with the fresh air vents ducting system. An ON/OFF switch, located in the right side
instrument panel, energizes the heating elements through a circuit breaker and solenoid. This solenoid is
located directly forward of STA. 24.00 on the right longitudinal beam. The recirculating fan relay (See List of
Illustrations, Section XV, for location) is also energized by the switch, which in turn supplies power to the fan.
It is essential that the fan operates to provide cooling air to the heating elementsto control their heat rise.
Thermostat switches are located on the heating duct housing, in the event the recirculating fan does not
operate.
13-88. AUXILIARY HEATER OPERATION. The heater system is controlled by the ON OFF selector
switch. This switch activates the heating unit and recirculating fan. At least four fresh air vents must be open
during operation. In the event the recirculating air fan does not operate, the system must be shut down.

NOTE
The auxiliary heater unit must not be operated unless the engines are
running or a ground power unit is being used. Doing so will rapidly
discharge the battery. See P.O.H. for Emergency Procedures and
Limitations.
13-89. REMOVAL OF AUXILIARY HEATER UNIT. The heater is located directly forward of STA.
81.00 pressure bulkhead, above the combustion heater.
a. Disconnect the positive lead from the battery.
b. Remove the access panel located on the right side of the airplanes nose section.
c. Remove the fresh air inlet duct which extends over the heater.
d. Remove the electrical leads from the auxiliary heater.
e. Loosen the clamps securing the rubber boots to the heater unit.
f. Work the unit loose from the boots and remove it from the airplane.
13-90. INSTALLATION OF AUXILIARY HEATER UNIT.

a. Place the heater unit between the rubber boots in the fresh air vent duct.
b. Tighten the clamps around the boots to secure them to the heater.
c. Connect the electrical leads to the heater unit.
d. Replace the fresh air vent duct previously removed.
e. Replace the access panel and connect the positive lead to the battery.

TABLE XIII-V. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (AUXILIARY HEATER)
No auxiliary heat; no airflow at Control circuit breaker open. Reset circuit breaker.
vents (No ammeter load).
Control circuit breaker fails to Replace circuit breaker.
close.
Control circuit breaker fails to Replace circuit breaker and fuse

open. (Find cause for circuit
overload).
Control switch fails to make. Replace switch.
Power solenoid fails to close. Replace solenoid.
Open circuit in system wiring. Locate and correct fault.

No airflow at vents (High Auxiliary heat relay fails to Replace relay.
ammeter load). actuate.
Recirculating fan fails to Replace fan.

operate.
Open or short in fan circuit Locate and correct fault.

wiring.
Reduced heat output; reduced Resistive wire element open. Replace element.
ammeter reading.
No heat at vents; ammeter Positive bus shorts to bus. Replace assembly.
reading.
Open or short in heater circuit Locate and correct fault.

wiring.
Heater continues to operate. Control switch fails to open. Replace switch.
Power solenoid fails to open. Replace solenoid.

Circuit breaker fails to stay Short in system wiring. Locate and correct fault.
reset.
System overheat (No airflow). Find cause for lack of air flow.
Faulty circuit breaker. Replace circuit breaker.

Reissued: 2/6/81 5D20 PA-31T AND PA-31T1
13-91. AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM.
13-92. CABIN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. The air conditioner can
be operated independently or in conjunction with the heater through the use of an electronic controller
mounted in the lower right section of the instrument panel. The controller receives its signal from a
controllable mercury bulb thermostat. When the thermostat calls for cooling, the controller turns on the air
conditioner. Under all normal operations, the cabin thermostat will control the operation of the air conditioner
or heater.
The air conditioning system uses Freon 12 refrigerant which is drawn into an engine mounted, belt driven,
recirculating, axial type, six cylinder compressor. It is driven from a power takeoff on the rear of the right
engine at 3968 RPM compressor speed. The compression is set into operation through a magnetic clutch
mounted on the compressor. With the compressor in operation, Freon 12 is pumped under high pressure. The
Freon vapor is heated as a result of the compressor process. It then flows to the condenser which is a fin and
tubing heat exchanger mounted behind the right engine fire wall. The Freon vapor is cooled and condensed to a
liquid state by air entering through the lower right side of the nacelle. The air is drawn in and circulated by an
impeller fan. The liquid then flows through tubing to the receiver-dehydrator assembly which acts as a
reservoir and also functions as a filter to remove any trapped air or moisture that was in the system during the
initial charging. High pressure liquid Freon is supplied from the receiver to an expansion valve. This valve
meters the refrigerant into the evaporator core at a rate which allows the liquid refrigerant to evaporate. Heat
from the evaporator core surface is lost to the boiling and vaporizing Freon which is cooler than the core,
thereby cooling the core and the air passing through it. As this process is taking place, moisture (humidity) in
the air condenses on the outside surface of the evaporator core and is drained off as water. By the time the
refrigerant leaves the evaporator, it has completely vaporized. It then passes through the evaporator control
valve which is used to control the evaporator pressure. This is accomplished by restricting the outlet from the
evaporator so that the pressure within the evaporator is maintained at a predetermined valve to prevent the
freezing of atmospheric moisture on the evaporator. The refrigerant vapor then returns to the compressor where
the cycle is repeated. There is a overpressure switch located in the high pressure port of the freon compressor
and a thermal switch mounted on the condenser inlet line on various models. (Refer to Parts Catalog for serial
numbers.) The overpressure switch will engage the clutch at 375±10PSl and disengage the clutch at 200±10
PSl. The thermal switch will engage the clutch at 170°F and disengage the clutch at 150°F.
13-93. TROUBLESHOOTING. A table at the end of these instructions will assist in locating and correcting
malfunctions which may arise in this system.
13-94. MALFUNCTION DETECTION. The detection of system malfunction largely depends on the
mechanic’s ability to interpret the gauge pressure readings into system problems. A system operating normally
will have a low side gauge pressure reading that will correspond with the temperature of the refrigerant
evaporating in the evaporator, allowing for a few degrees temperature rise due to loss in the tube walls and fins.
The high side will have a gauge pressure that will correspond with the temperature of the refrigerant
condensing in the condenser, allowing for a few degrees temperature drop due to loss in the tube walls and fins.

Revised: 4/25/83 5D21 PA-31T AND PA-31T1
Any deviation from that which is normal indicates a malfunction within the system due to a faulty
control device, obstruction, defective part or improper installation.
Detection of system malfunction is made easier with the knowledge that the temperature and gauge
pressure of Refrigerant 12 are nearly equal numericallybetween the pressuresof twenty and eighty pounds
per square inch (psi). A glance at the temperature-pressurechart will show that there is only a slight
variation between the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant in the lower range.
It is correct to assume that for every pound of pressureadded to the low side, a temperature increase
of about one degree Fahrenheit takes place. For instance, a pressure of 23.8 on the chart indicates a
temperature of 24*F. A change of pressure of almost one pound to 24.6 psi givesus a temperature increase
to 25°F.
NOTE
For each 1,000 feet of elevation above sea level, the gauge readings
will be about one inch of mercury or 1/2 psi higher than the chart
indicates.
It must be pointed out that the actual temperature of the air passing over the coils of the evaporator
will be several degrees warmer allowing for a temperature rise caused by the loss in the fins and tubing of
the evaporator.
The importance of a seasonal checkup of the air conditioning system should be brought to the
attention of the customer whenever possible. A thorough check of the system performed in a methodical
manner will reveal trouble the customer is often not aware of. Locating and repairing the trouble early will
usually result in savings to the customer both in time and additional troubles that too often result from
neglect.
A performance test of the system is the only positive way in which the complete system can be
checked for efficient operation. The air conditioning system should be given this test before work is begun
on the system whenever possible; however, if the system is completely inoperative, repairs must be
performed before the system can be properly tested. The test can uncover further work that must be
performed before the system is brought to its full operating efficiency. The performance test should always
be performed after repair work has been done and before the aircraft is released to the customer. The
serviceman performing this test carefully will insure that the repairs have been properly performed and that
the system will operate satisfactorily.
The performance test when properly performed includes a thorough examination of the outside of the
system as well as the inside. Many related parts are overlooked because it is felt they are of no bearing on
the operating efficiency of the unit. For this reason, a thorough visual inspection of the complete system
should be performed, followed by an operating inspection of the system.

13-95. RECOMMENDED GROUND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS.

a. The following steps should be performed to insure proper functioning of the air conditioning system:
1. If the outside air temperature is between 70 to 90°F perform the following steps.
a. Set manual air control lever in the pressurized mode position.
b. Ascertain that the cabin door is closed, the cabin comfort master switch is ON and that the air
condition automatic mode is ON.
c. Adjust for desired temperature.
d. Set the right engine power levers to obtain 55%compressor speed, out of feather condition.
e. Set the left engine power levers as desired.
2. If the outside air temperature is between 90 to 95°F perform the following steps:
a. Set manual air control lever in the pressurized mode position.
condition manual mode is ON.
c. Set the right engine power levers to obtain 55%compressor speed, out of feather condition.
d. Set the left engine power levers as desired.
3. If the outside air temperature is 95°F and above perform the following steps:
a. Set manual air control lever in the recirculate mode position.
NOTE
Maximum continuous operation with the cabin air control in the RE-
CIRCULATED AIR position should be limited to 15minutes. At least 5
minutes in either OUTSIDE AIR or PRESSURIZED AIR is required
after each 15 minutes in RECIRCULATED AIR.
condition manual mode is ON.
c. Set the right engine power levers to obtain 55%compressor speed, out of feather condition.
d. Set the left engine power levers as desired.

1. PNEUMATIC SYSTEM PRESSURE GAUGE
2. PRESSURE DUMP CONTROL
(EARLIER MODELS ONLY)
3. TEST SWITCH (MANUAL OVERRIDE)
Figure 13-26. Air Conditioning Flow Diagram

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5D24
TABLE XIII-VI. TEMPERATURE PRESSURE CHART (STANDING SYSTEM)

Evaporator Pressure Evaporator High Pressure Ambient
Gauge Reading Temperature Gauge Reading Temperature
p.s.i. F. p.s.i. F.
0 -21 72 40
2.4 -15 86 50
4.5 -10 105 60
10.1 2 109 62
11.2 4 113 64
12.3 6 117 66
13.4 8 122 68
14.6 10 126 70
15.8 12 129 71
17.1 14 132 72
18.3 16 134 73
19.7 18 137 74
21 20 140 75
22.4 22 144 76
23.1 23 148 77
23.8 24 152 78
24.6 25 156 79
25.3 26 160 80
26.1 27 162 81
26.8 28 165 82
27.6 29 167 83
28.4 30 170 84
29.2 31 172 85
30 32 175 86
30.9 33 177 87
31.7 34 180 88
32.5 35 182 89
33.4 36 185 90
34.3 37 187 91
35.1 38 189 92
36 39 191 93
36.9 40 193 94
37.9 41 195 95
38.8 42 200 96
39.7 43 205 97
41.7 45 210 98
43.6 47 215 99
45.6 49 220 100
48.7 52 228 102
49.8 53 236 104
55.4 57 260 110
60 62 275 115
64.9 66 290 120

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E1
13-96. SPECIAL SERVICING PROCEDURES.The air conditioning system should be serviced by a.

qualified shop with trained personnel.The followingproceduresand precautions should be observed:
The efficiency of this system depends upon the pressure-temperaturerelationship of pure refrigerant.
As long as the system contains only pure refrigerant plus a specified amount of compressor oil (which is
mixed with the refrigerant), it is considered to be chemicallystable. Foreign materials within the system
will affect the chemicalstability, contaminate the system and decreaseits efficiency.
WARNING
The air conditioner must not be operated with the condenser

cooling fan not operating. High compressor discharge pressures
will result from the low condenser cooling airflow. If the air
conditioner is accidentallyoperated without the condenserfan for
more than about three minutes, there is a good chance that freon
and compressor oil will be lost through the relief valvelocated on
the compressor.(Refer to Figure 13-33.)
a. The most accurate way to check the condition of the system is by attaching gaugesto the system
b. Alwayswear safety goggleswhen handlingrefrigerant.
WARNING
One of the most important precautions is protection of the eyes

when handling refrigerant. Any liquid refrigerant which may
accidentally escape is approximately 21.7 F below zero. Serious
injury could result if refrigerant comes in contact with the eyes. If
refrigerant comes in contact with the eyes:
1. DO NOT rub the eyes. Rinse the eyes with cold water to
gradually get the temperature above the freezing point.
2. Apply a protective film of antiseptic oil over the eyeball to
reduce the possibilityof infection.
3. Consult a doctor or eye specialist immediately. Should
refrigerant come in contact with skin, it should be treated as
though the skin had been frostbitten or frozen.
TABLE XIII-VII. ALUMINUMTUBINGTORQUE
MetalTube Thread and Fitting Alum. Tubing
O.D Size Torque
1/4 7/16 5-7 ft. lbs.
3/8 5/8 11-13 ft. lbs.
1/2 3/4 15-20 ft. lbs.
5/8 7/8 21-27 ft. lbs.
3/4 1-1/16 28-33 ft. lbs.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E2
DIAGRAMC
Figure 13-27. Manifold Set Operation

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E3
c. Large quantities of Freon 12 refrigerant should not be discharged into a closed room. It may
displace the oxygen in the air.
d. Large quantities of Freon 12 which come in contact with live flame will produce a poisonous gas.
e. Keep lines capped to prevent foreign material and moisture from entering the system.
f. This is a high pressure system, and the pressure should be released slowly before disconnecting
any lines.
g. Use clean, dry refrigerant oil which should be contained in a capped container to reduce the
possibility of the oil absorbing moisture and dirt.
h. Replace O-rings when a connection has been broken. Dip new O-rings in refrigeration oil before
using. Do not over-torque connections. (Refer to Table XIII-VII.)
i. To insure a consistent seal on all flared and pipe fittings used on the air conditioning system, seal
the fittings with Loctite refrigerant sealant.
j. Torque all flare fittings. (Refer to Table XIII-VII.)
NOTE
Any tools called out by a J-number in this section may be

purchased from:
Service Tool Division Phone: 517-784-8561
Kent-Moore Corporation
1501 South Jackson Street
Jackson, Michigan 49203
13-97. TEST GAUGE AND MANIFOLD SET. The proper testing and diagnosis of the air conditioning
system requires that a manifold gauge set be attached to the system. This set consists of two gauges mounted
to a manifold. One gauge is a high pressure gauge used in the discharge side of the system. The other is a low
pressure gauge used in the suction side of the system. The manifold is a device having fittings for both gauges
and connection hoses with provisions for controlling the flow of refrigerant through the manifold. (See
Figure 13-27.)
The center port of the manifold set is used for charging or evacuation procedures or any other service
that may be necessary.
Both the high and low side of the manifold have hand shutoff valves. When the hand valve is turned all
the way in, in a clockwise direction, the manifold is closed. The pressures on that side of the system will,
however, be recorded on the gauge above the hose.
Cracking the hand valve, in the counterclockwise direction, opens the system to the middle service port
of the manifold set. This is desirable only when it is necessary to let refrigerant out or into the system.
13-98 CHECKING SYSTEM FOR LEAKS. This may be accomplished easier and safer by using an
electronic leak detector. These are compact electronic type units which sense freon. They may be
purchased from TIF INSTRUMENTS, 9101-T NW 74th St.. Miami. Florida 33150. or the KENT-MOORE
Corporation whose address is listed above.
a. Connect a manifold gauge set into the system and charge the system. (Refer to Charging the
System.) A minimum of 50 psi is needed for leak detection.
b. Close the low side manifold valve and open the high side manifold valve.
c. Open the refrigerant container service valve and allow the pressure at the low side gauge to reach
50 psi, at which time close the high side manifold valve.
d. Close the refrigerant container service valve and remove the hose if no leaks are evident.
e. It is advisable to use an electronic leak detector to check this system instead of an open flame
leak detector.

5E4 PA-31T and PA-31TI
f. If any leaks are found. purge the system of refrigerant. Make the necessary repairs and check the
compressor oil.
g. Add oil if required: then repeat Steps a thru e.
h. If no further leaks are found. the system may be evacuated and charged.
CAUTION
Many electronic leak detectors do not reduce the hazard of

igniting an explosive mixture. Read the instructions supplied with
the unit and be sure to properly ventilate any area to be checked.
13-99. EVACUATING THE SYSTEM. If the system has been operated in a discharged condition or any
time the system has been open to atmospheric pressure. the receiver-dryer must be replaced. and the system
evacuated to remove any trapped air and moisture which has entered it. In the following procedure. the
specification of 28 inches of vacuum is used. This figure is based on performing the operation at an
elevation at or near sea level. For every 1000 feet of elevation above sea level. the specification should be
lowered one inch. As we lower the pressure in the air conditioning system, we lower the boiling
temperature of the water (moisture) that may be present. Then we are able to pull this water in the form of
vapor out of the system. Table XIII-VIII demonstrates the effectiveness of moisture removal under a given
vacuum:
a. Remove the cowling from the right engine. (Refer to Section VIII.)
CAUTION
b. Connect the gauge set J-23575 to the vacuum pump and refrigerant charging drum as shown in
Figure 13-28. Use J-5420 Schrader valve adapters to connect gauge lines to the Schrader valve fittings at the
compressor and evaporator control valve. (Refer to Figure 13-28.)
c. Open gauge set high and low pressure valves and start vacuum pump. Pull a vacuum of (refer to
Table XIII-VIII). Close gauge set valves and vacuum pump valve. Shut off vacuum pump. If a loss of vacuum
exceeds 2 inches in five minutes. the system leaks. Check all system connections for proper tightness
d. If system does leak. crack open refrigerant drum valve and the low pressure gauge valve and allow
system to charge to drum pressure. Close drum valve. Using a refrigerant leak tester. first check system for
leaks. Correct leaks and repeat procedure until leaks are eliminated.
e. When system no longer leaks. proceed to evacuate the system.
f. Discharge refrigerant from system: then open both gauge set valve and start vacuum pump. then
open vacuum pump valve.
NOTE
DO NOT discharge refrigerant through vacuum pump.
g. Allow pump to run for 15 minutes at a vacuum of (refer to Table XIII-VIII) Close the high
pressure gauge valve and vacuum pump valve: then stop vacuum pump. The system is now ready for
charging.
NOTE
The system should be charged as soon as it has been evacuated

5E5 PA-31T and PA-31T1
TABLE X111-VIII. VACUUM vs. TEMPERATURE
°
System Vacuum Temperature F
27.99 100
COMPOUND GAUGE
28.89 80
READING IN INCHES 29.40 60
OF MERCURY VACUUM 29.71 40
29.82 20
29.88 0
J-5420
DISCHARGE LINE
CONNECTOR
FREON COMPRESSOR
TO EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE
J-23575 J-5420 CONNECTED WHEN

CHARGING
SERVICE
MANIFOLD VALVE
D155
LINE OPEN ONLY
KNURLED
FITTING
(SEE NOTE)
SCHRADER
VALVE
SERVICE
PUMP
PORT
NOTE
TIGHTEN KNURLED FITTING
FINGER TIGHT ONLY DO
NOT OVERTIGHTENFITTING
Figure 13-28. Charging and Evacuating Schematic

(Charging Stand Method)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E6
411
1. COMPOUND GAUGE
28. HEATER PLUG 27
Figure 13-29. Charging Stand J-23500
13-100. CHARGING THE SYSTEM. When the system is completely evacuated in accordance with
instructions given in Paragraph 13-99, one of the following procedures should be used to charge the system
Method I WITH A CHARGING STAND. This is the preferred method of charging the system.
a. Be certain all valves on charging stand are closed. (Refer to Figure 13-29.)
b. Connect high pressure gauge line with adapter J-5420 attached to the compressor discharge
Schrader valve fitting. (Refer to Figure 13-28.)
c. Turn high pressure control one turn counterclockwise (open). Crack open low pressure valve and
allow refrigerant gas to lightly hiss from low pressure gauge line for 3 seconds. Then connect low pressure
gauge line (with adapters J-5420) to low pressure gauge fitting on evaporator control valve.-
d. With charging stand installed as previously described, remove low pressure gauge line at
evaporator control valve.
e. Crack open high and low pressure control valves on stand and allow refrigerant to purge from
system. Purge slow enough so that oil does not escape from system along with refrigerant.
f. When refrigerant flow nearly stops, connect low pressure gauge line to evaporator control valve.
g. Turn on vacuum pump and open vacuum control valve.
h. With system purged as above, run pump until 26 to 28 inches of vacuum is obtained. Continue to
run pump for 15 minutes after the system reaches 26 to 28 inches vacuum. (Refer to Table XIII-VIII.)
NOTE
In all evacuating procedures, the specification of 26 to 28 inches

of mercury vacuum is used. These figures are only attainable at or
near sea level. For each 1000 feet above sea level where this
operation is being performed, the specifications should be lowered
by one inch.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E7
i. If 26 to 28 inches of vacuum (corrected to sea level) cannot be obtained, close vacuum control
valve and shut off vacuum pump. Open refrigerant control valve and allow some refrigerant to enter system.
Locate and repair all leaks. (Refer to Checking System for Leaks.)
j. After evacuating for 15 minutes, add 1/2 pound of refrigerant to system as described in Step i
above. Purge this 1/2 pound and re-evacuate for 15 minutes. This second evacuation is to make sure that as
much contamination is removed from the system as possible.
k. Only after evacuating as above, is the system ready for charging. Note reading on sight glass for
charging cylinder. If it does not contain a sufficient amount for a full charge, fill to the proper level.
1. Close low pressure valve on charging stand. Fully open stand refrigerant control valve and allow
all liquid refrigerant to enter the system. When a 5 pound charge of refrigerant has entered system, turn off
refrigerant control valve.
m. If full charge of refrigerant will not enter system, close high pressure control and refrigerant
control valves. Start engine and run at idle with compressor operating. Crack refrigerant control valve and
low pressure control on stand. Watch low side gauge and keep gauge below 50 psi by regulating refrigerant
control valve. Closing valve will lower pressure. This is to prevent liquid refrigerant from reaching the
compressor while the compressor is operating. When required charge has entered system, close refrigerant
control valve and close low pressure control.
n. System is now charged and should be performance tested before removing gauges.
Method 2: REFRIGERANT DRUM METHOD. (Refer to Figure 13-30)

a. DISCHARGING THE SYSTEM:
1. Close both valves on the gauge set J-23575. Connect the high pressure hose from the gauge
set with adapter J-5420 attached to the compressor discharge Schrader valve fitting. Connect the low
pressure hose from the gauge set with adapter J-5420 attached to the evaporator control valve.
b. EVACUATING THE SYSTEM: (Refer to Paragraph 13-99.)
c. CHECKING THE SYSTEM FOR LEAKS: (Refer to Paragraph 13-98 )
d. CHARGING THE SYSTEM - FULL CHARGE: The refrigerant supply or source may be a drum,
cylinder, can or other type of container. Only refrigerant vapor should be charged into the suction side of
the system when the compressor is running. A vapor charge is taken from the top of the refrigerant
container. A liquid charge is taken from the bottom of the refrigerant container, or with the container
inverted, and compressor shut down (not running).
1. Connect a suitable charging line to the gauge set connected to the evacuated system.
2. Purge the gauge set by opening the two valves on the set and opening the valve on the
refrigerant containers. After refrigerant has forced all air out of the hoses and gauge set, retighten the valves
first at the gauge set and then at the refrigerant container.
3. Open the refrigerant supply valve and the high pressure valve on the gauge set to allow 5
pounds of liquid refrigerant to flow into the system. This charge should be measured with a scale that is
accurate to within two ounces, by first weighing the container and then subtracting the required charge.
4. If a full charge cannot be installed per the above procedures, warm the container to a
maximum of 125 F and continue charging the system. If a full charge still cannot be installed, charge with
refrigerant vapor per Step 5.
5. Close both valves on the gauge set. Operate the engine at idle setting and have the
airconditioner on. Open the low pressure valve until the remainder of the charge has entered the system.
Close the container valve when the proper charge is reached, this will allow the compressor to draw in any
refrigerant left in the line. Then close the low pressure valve on the gauge set.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E8
I
SERVICE
D155
HOSE
NOTE
TIGHTEN KNURLED FITTING
FINGER TIGHT ONLY DO
NOT OVERTIGHTEN
Figure 13-30 Charging Schematic

(Refrigerant Drum Method)
13-101. FLUSHING THE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM.

a. Install a charging line to the compressor discharge Schrader valve and to a drum of Refrigerant
12.
b. Disconnect the liquid line from the receiver-dehydrator assembly on the inlet side and cap the
receiver-dehydrator immediately.
c. Open the refrigerant drum valve and turn the drum upside down to allow liquid refrigerant to
flush through the condenser and out the line. Use approximately 2 pounds of refrigerant for this operation.
d. Close the drum valve and connect the receiver-dehydrator assembly.
e. Remove the expansion valve screen and clean or replace as required. (Refer to Figure 13-47 )
f. Remove the charging line from the compressor. Install the gauge set and evacuate the entire
system.
g. Recharge the system.
13-102.COMPRESSOR SERVICE. It is not advisable to service the compressor in the field. It should be
done by a qualified shop which has the special equipment and trained personnel required to properly
service the unit.
Maintenance of this unit and its related components is limited to the replacement of worn drive belt
and magnetic clutch. Any other service requires removal of the compressor from the system.
NOTE
If the drive belt is found defective and replaced, adjust the initial
tension as specified in Table XIII-IX.
Revised: 1/5/84
PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E9
599
TOO HIGH
VIEW A - A
USED ON SERIAL NUMBERS 31T-7400002 TO 31T-8104073
TORQUE BOLTS
USED ON SERIAL NUMBERS 31T-8304001 AND UP
Figure 13-31. Compressor and Drive Assembly (Dual Belt)

A 935
INTER FLAT AREA
UNEVEN CUT
INTER-CROWN
Figure 13-32. Belt Inspection
13-103 REMOVAL OF COMPRESSOR. (Refer to Figure 13-31.)

a. Make sure that the circuit protector is off for the air conditioning system.
b Remove cowling from right engine. (Refer to Section VIII.)
c. Disconnect the electrical leads to the magnetic clutch on the compressor.
d. Discharge the system and disconnect the high and low pressure lines at the compressor
e. Loosen the jam nut on the adjustment rod: then loosen the mounting bolts on top and remove the
bottom ones.
f. Run the adjustment up to relieve tension on the adjustment rod.
g. Remove the top clevis pin to disconnect the adjustment rod.
h. Move the compressor IN to relieve tension on the belt.
i. Slip the belt off the compressor pulley
j. Support the compressor: remove the mounting bolts and remove the compressor from the nacelle
NOTE
A normally running frigidaire compressor will retain approximately

6.5 oz. of refrigerant oil during operation. If it becomes necessary to
replace an old compressor. it is important that the new compressor
contain the same amount of refrigerant oil as that contained in the
compressor being replaced. This procedure should not be confused
with that given under Checking and Adding Oil. given in Paragraph
13-107 (which procedure is for checking total oil in the air condi-
tioning system).

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5E11
k. While working over a draining tray. and with the clutch end up. completely drain the sump and
remove the protective plate from the end of the compressor. Rotate the compressor shaft with a socket wrench
several revolutions to force the oil from the piston tops.
NOTE
Measure the amount of oil drained from the old compressor. The
new compressor to be installed should contain an equal amount of
oil as that removed from the old compressor (approximately 6.5 oz.
for frigidaire compressors). Sankyo compressors add 1 oz. to the
amount drained from the old compressor.
13-104 BELT INSPECTION. (Refer to Figure 13-32.) Belt conditions, alignment, and tension are very
critical. Carefully inspect old belts and the new belts before replacement. The existence of any one of the
following conditions is sufficient cause for rejection of a belt.
a. Unevenness - look for areas where the inter flat area is uneven.
b. Cords broken or fuzzy or where the cord appears to be coming out of the belt.
c. Holes in belt side wall.
d. Obvious flaws in the belt, such as lumps. thin spots. etc.
13-105. INSTALLATION OF COMPRESSOR. (Refer to Figure 13-31.)

a. Drain the oil from the new compressor as per instructions in Step k of the preceding paragraph.
Refill the unit with the same amount of oil as removed from the old unit. It should be approximately 6 5 07 for
the Frigidaire compressors. For Sankyo compressors add I oz. to the amount drained from the old
compressor. The oil from the new compressor can be reused if it is drained into a clean container and filtered
before being reused
b. Place the compressor in the nacelle and attach with the mounting bolts.
c. Slip the belt on the compressor pulley.
d. Attach the compressor adjustment rod
e. Adjust the rod and tighten the mounting bolts. Refer to Table XIII-IX for the required belt tension.
577

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E12
TABLE XIII-IX. COMPRESSOR BELT TENSION
Belt Condition Required Tension
Single Belt Dual Belt
New 175 lbs. 100 + 5 lbs.

After One Hour 130 lbs. 50 lbs.'
In Service 90 +5 lbs.3
NOTES:
(1) Check tension immediately after engine shutdown (hot).
(2) Check tension with Gates Rubber Co. #150 tensiometer, or
equivalent.
(3) If recheck is made cold and tension is below 90 L.B.. readjust
to the above (Sankyo).
f. Connect the lines to the compressor and ascertain that the compressor rotates freely through two
complete revolutions. Do not exceed 8 foot-pounds rotating torque.
g. Evacuate and charge the system. (Refer to Paragraph 13-99. Evacuating the System and Paragraph
13-100. Charging the System.)
h. Connect the electrical leads to the magnetic clutch.
i. Install cowling on the right engine. (Refer to Section VIII.)
j. Reset the air conditioning circuit breaker.
k. Check operation of the air conditioning system.
13-106 LEAK TESTING THE COMPRESSOR. WithTool J-9625 installed on compressor(referto Figure
13-33) leak test the compressor as follows:
a. Using the J-23575 gauge set. connect the center hose to the refrigerant drum and the high and low
pressure Schrader valves
b. With the high pressure valve and the low pressure valve open. allow refrigerant to flow to the
compressor.
c. Open the oil plug fitting in the compressor housing and allow the air to exhaust until refrigerant
starts to flow from the fitting.
d. Close the oil plug fitting and allow the drum pressure,to stabilize in the compressor.
e. Check and correct any leaks that may exist.
f. Remove gauge set and cap fittings on Tool J-9625: then add oil as outlined under Checking and
Adding Oil.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E13
13-107. CHECKING AND ADDING OIL (Frigidaire Compressor). Compressor oil will not be lost unless a
freon leak has occurred. therefore. the oil level is not to be checked unless a freon leak has occurred. However.
it is possible to lose freon from the system without loss of compressor oil. It is then a matter of good judgment
as to whether the oil level is to be checked. If any major loss of oil has occurred. proceed as follows after making
the necessary repairs. (Refer to Figure 13-31.)
a. Remove belt.
b. Support the compressor and remove the top mounting bolt.
c. Rotate the compressor 30 degrees from horizontal.
d. If the engine has not been operated within the last hour. it will be necessary to warm the compressor
case for 15minutes by a light source or heat gun. The compressor must be slightly warmer than the rest of the
air conditioning system to drive out all liquid freon. otherwise a diluted oil reading will be obtained. Do not
overheat the compressor.
e. Loosen the oil drain screw and allow oil to drain from the compressor.
f. If the system is under pressure. the oil will come out of the drain with considerable force and care
must be exercised not to lose an excessive amount of oil. If the system is not under pressure, the drain screw
may have to be removed to allow the oil to drain. If only oil comes out of the compressor. the oil level is suf-
ficient. If gas escapes from the drain screw, the oil level must be re-established by the alternate procedure given
in Step g.
NOTE
The following alternate procedure must be used if a major freon loss

has occurred. Example: Large oil loss visible at leak location.
g. If an excessive amount of oil is lost during the oil level check. the following alternate procedure must
be used:
1. Rotate the compressor until the oil drain is vertical and drain all the oil from the compressor.
Allow the freon charge to slowly discharge through.the oil drain.
2. Rotate compressor back and attach to engine.
3. Add 6.5 ounces of refrigerant oil (Frigidaire 525 Viscosity Oil. Suniso No. 5 or Texaco
Capella "E"")to compressor through oil drain.
4. Replace oil drain screw.
5. Refer to Paragraph 13-105 for compressor installation.
6. Check system for leaks and recharge per Paragraph 13-100.
13-107a. CHECKING COMPRESSOR OIL LEVEL (Sankyo Compressor). (S N 31T-8304001 and up )

Whenever a system component has been replaced or there is an obvious leak. use the following procedure to
check the compressor oil level (after making necessary repairs): (Refer to Figure 13-33a.)
a. Run the compressor for 10 minutes with engine at idle RPM.
b. Shut off the engine and slowly discharge the system to prevent loss of oil.
c. Disconnect the belt adjustment turnbuckle. loosen the mount bolt and remove the belts.
d. Rotate the compressor so that the oil filler plug is in a top dead center (TDC) position. This may be
done with use of an angle protractor
e. Remove plug slowly, this allows refrigerant to separate from oil.
NOTE
The front plate hub has a lobe indexed 180° from TDC of the cam
rotor

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E14
PISTON ROD
ROD BALL
DIPSTICK
STOP
INSERTING DIPSTICK
OIL DIPSTICK 32447
Figure 13-33a. Positioning Sankyo Compressor Internal Parts (S N 31T-8304001 and up)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E15
Figure 13-34. Removing Driven Plate (Frigidaire Compressor)
DRIVEN PLATE DRIVE PLATE
SCORING OF DRIVE AND DRIVEN PLATES IS NORMAL.

DO NOT REPLACE FOR THIS CONDITION.
Figure 13-35. Drive and Driven Plates (Frigidaire Compressor)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E16
KEY
Figure 13-36. Aligning Driven Plate Key Figure 13-37. Installing Driven Plate
(Frigidaire Compressor) (Frigidaire Compressor)
Figure 13-38. Checking Air Gap Figure 13-39. Removing Pulley Retaining Ring
I

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E17
f. Rotate the front plate of the clutch so that the notch in the center of the lobe is indexed 110° from the
bottom. In this position. the ball end of the top piston rod lines up with oil filler port.
g. Looking at the front plate. insert the dipstick diagonally from upper right to lower left until the stop
contacts filler port surface.
h. Remove the dipstick and note the oil level (4-6 increment) on the dipstick.
13-108. MAGNETIC CLUTCH. PULLEYANDOIL(FrigidaireCompressor). (Refer to Figures 13-34thru

13-44.)
13-109. REMOVAL OF DRIVEN PLATE AND PULLEY ASSEMBLY (Frigidaire Compressor)

a. Using a thin wall socket. remove the locknut from the compressor shaft. Use tool J-972-A to hold
driven plate.
b. Install puller J-9401 into hub of driven plate. Hold main body of tool and turn forcing screw
clockwise to remove driven plate. (Refer to Figure 13-34.)
c. Remove the pulley retaining ring from inside driven plate using tool J-6435 (Refer to Figure 13-39.)
d. Remove key from either the compressor shaft or the driven plate.
e. Remove pulley with puller J-8433. (Refer to Figure 13-40.)
f. Inspect driven plate for cracks or stresses in the resilient drive. Do not replace driven plate for a
scoring condition. (Refer to Figure 13-35.)
g. If necessary to remove the pulley bearing, proceed as follows:
1. Remove the bearing retaining ring.
2. Drive out bearing with brass drift.
3. Install new bearing: then install retaining ring.
13-110. INSTALLATION OF DRIVEN PLATE AND PULLEY ASSEMBLY (Frigidaire Compressor)

a. Install the pulley and bearing assembly on the end of the compressor, with tool J-9481. (Refer to
Figure 13-42.) The pulley should rotate freely.
b. Install the pulley retaining ring. with tool J-6435
c. Insert the square drive key into the shaft of the compressor.
NOTE
The small snap ring and spacer washer must be removed from the
driven plate assembly before continuing next step.
d. Line up the key in the shaft with the keyway in the hub. (Refer to Figure 13-36.)
e. Position the driven plate installing tool J-9480-1 on the threaded end of the shaft. The "Free"
washer. J-9480-2. should be in place under the hexnut on the tool. This tool has a left-hand thread on the body.
(Refer to Figure 13-37 )
f. Press the driven plate onto the shaft until there is approximately 1/8 inch space between the
frictional faces of the clutch plates.
g. Remove installing tools.
h. Replace the snap ring and spacer washer in the driven plate assembly
i. Replace the installing tools and adjust the air gap by carefully turning wrench (1). (Refer to
Figure 13-37.)
j. Remove installing tools
k. Install the locknut. using a thin wall socket. Tighten to 15foot-pounds torque. The air gap between
the friction faces should now be between .030 to .057 inch clearance. (Refer to Figure 13-38.)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E18
Figure 13-40. Removing Pulley and Drive Plate Figure 13-41. Removing Bearing
J-8092
THIS RIDGE OF
TOOL UP WHEN
INSTALLING
BEARING
- J-9481
Figure 13-42. Installing Pulley and Drive Plate Figure 13-43. Installing Pulley and Drive Plate
Bearing (Frigidaire Compressor) (Frigidaire Compressor)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E19
Figure 13-44. Removing Coil Housing Retaining Ring (Frigidaire Compressor)
13-111. REMOVAL OF CLUTCH COIL AND HOUSING (Frigidaire Compressor).

a. With the driven and drive plates removed, scribe the clutch coil housing retaining ring with Tool
J-6435
b. Remove the clutch coil housing retaining ring with Tool J-6435.
c. Remove coil housing assembly
13-112. INSTALLATION OF CLUTCH COIL AND HOUSING (Frigidaire Compressor)

a. With the scribe marks aligned, locate the extrusions on the coil housing with the holes in the
front head.
b Install the coil retainer ring with Tool J-6435.
13-112a. MAGNETIC CLUTCH. PULLEY AND COIL (Sankyo Compressor). (S N 31T-8304001 and
up.)
13-112b. REMOVAL OF CLUTCH. PULLEY AND COIL (Sankyo Compressor). (Refer to Figure
13-44a.) (S N 31T-8304001 and up.)
a. Insert the two pins of the front plate spanner into any two threaded holes of the clutch front plate
Hold clutch plate stationary and remove hex nut with 3 4 inch socket.
b. Remove clutch front plate using puller 32416.
1. Align puller center bolt to compressor shaft and thumb tighten the three puller bolts into the
threaded holes.
2. Turn center bolt clockwise to remove front plate.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E20
c. Remove shaft key by lightly tapping it loose with a slot screwdriver and hammer. Also remove
shims.
d. Remove the external and internal snap rings by the bearing inner and outer races. respectively, with
snap ring pliers
e. Remove rotor pulley assembly:
1. Insert the lip of the jaws into the snap ring groove.
2. Place rotor puller shaft protector over the exposed shaft.
3. Align thumb head bolt to puller jaws. Finger tighten.
4. Turn puller center bolt clockwise until rotor pulley is free.
g. Remove field coil.
1. Loosen coil lead wire from clip on top of compressor front housing.
2. Remove snap ring and field coil.
13-112c. INSTALLATION OF CLUTCH. PULLEY AND COIL (Sankyo Compressor). (S N 31T-8304001

and up.)
a. Install field coil. Coil flange protrusion must match hole in front housing to prevent coil movement
and correctly locate lead wire.
1. Install snap ring.
2. Position coil lead wire and secure it with clip on top of compressor front housing
b. Replace rotor pullev.
1. Using a vise. clamp the compressor rear mounting ears. never on the compressor body
2. Align rotor assembly squarely on the front housing hub.
3. Using rotor installation set. place the ring part of the set into the bearing cavity. Make certain
the outer edge rests firmly on the rotor bearing outer race.
4. Place the tool set drive into the ring.
5. With a hammer. tap the end of the driver while guiding the rotor to prevent binding. Tap
until the rotor bottoms against the compressor front housing hub. Listen for a distinct change of sound during
the tapping process.
c. Install external and internal snap ring.
d. Replace front plate assembly.
1. Check that original clutch shims are in place on compressor shaft.
2. Replace compressor shaft key
3. Align front plate keyway to compressor shaft key.
4. Using shaft protector. tap front plate to shaft until it has bottomed to the clutch shims Note
distinct sound change.
e. Replace shaft hex nut and torque to 25-30 ft.-lbs
f. Check air gap with feeler gauge to .016" to .031." If air gap is not consistent around the circum-
ference. lightly pry up at the minimum variations. Lightly tap down at points of maximum variation.
NOTE
The air gap is determined by the spacer shims. When reinstalling or

installing a new clutch assembly. try the original shims first.
g. If the air gap does not meet the specifications in Step f. add or subtract shims by repeating Steps
d and e.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5E21
12 KEYWAY
Figure 13-44a. Magnetic Clutch Assembly (Sankyo Compressor) (S N 31T-8304001 and up)
13-113. SINGLE BELT COMPRESSOR DRIVE.
13-114. REMOVAL OF DRIVER ASSEMBLY FOR BELT REPLACEMENT. It will be necessary to

remove the end housing assembly to change the belt. This can be accomplished by the following
procedure: (Refer to Figure 13-45.)
a. Remove cowling from right engine. (Refer to Section VIII.)
b Relieve the Compressor drive belt tension by loosening the locknut on the adjustment rod and
backing of the adjustment.
c. Remove all of screws (1) and (6) from end housing assembly.
d. Remove the bushings from screws (6) and replace screws (6) in the tapped holes marked "P."
e. Turn puller screws (6) in until slight bottom pressure can be felt.
f. Continue turning screws (6) in 1 4 turn at a time. until they have extracted the end housing assembly
and shaft assembly. (The quill shaft is attached to the pulley assembly with snap ring (7) and will be drawn out
as a unit.)

1397 SKETCH A
CAP
- SNAP RING B
- QUILL SHAFT
- SNAP RING A
A
VIEW A-A
GROOVE A
DIA. PINS
NOTE
ANYTIME QUILL SHAFT IS REMOVED,
LUBRICATEWITHMOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE
TYPE"G" PASTEFORMTYPELUBRICANT OR
SKETCH B PLASTILUBE#3 BEFOREINSTALLING. SEENOTE
COMPRESSOR
DRIVE
ADJUSTMENTBRACKET
BOTTOMMOUNTINGBOLT
COMPRESSOR
COMPRESSORDRIVE BELT ALIGNMENT
SKETCH C
Figure 13-45. Drive Housing and Drive Assembly

NOTE
ANY TIME the quill shaft is removed, lubricate with Molybdenum

Disulfide, Type "G", paste form type lubricant or Plastilube #3
before reinstalling.
g. Replace old belt with new DAYCO Belt #5-8862. Refer to Belt Inspection in Paragraph 13-104.
13-115. INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF COMPRESSOR DRIVE. (Refer to Figure 13-45.)

a. Remove compressor drive belt. Refer to Removal of Driver Assembly for Belt Replacement.
b. Inspect the cap for evidence of rubbing on cap under snap ring B. If there is evidence of galling or
rubbing under the snap ring, spot face the aft side 1 in. dia x .060 deep.
c. Inspect the inner snap ring and washer for security, if faulty replace these parts. Use Waldes
Kohinoor Snap Ring P/N 5160-47.
d. Inspect the quill shaft end play, it should not exceed .005 of an inch. If more than .005 inch end
play is found, remove the shaft and inspect the complete shaft for spline wear and snap ring groove
condition. If the shaft is worn or faulty, replace.
e. Inspect the inter spline of the engine drive gear for wear tolerance. Refer to Pratt and Whitney
Aircraft of Canada LTD, Service Manual, Part 3, Section 3.
f. Inspect the Quill shaft (13) for broken or damaged splines and spline wear. Measure spline wear
by using two .096 inch diameter pins. The dimension across the pins should be not less than .7262 inch.
Replace shaft if dimensions are less then indicated.
g. Inspect the ball bearings for flat spots by slowly rotating the bearings, if found defective, replace
the bearings.
h. If the shaft is in good condition, but the end play is more than .005, and/or the snap rings or
grooves are deformed it will be necessary to re-machine the snap ring groove and install a Waldes Kohinoor
Snap Ring No. 5160-47 per the following instructions: (Refer to Sketch B.)
1. Measure dimension (C) which is the distance from the outer faces of both bearings
2. Measure thickness of washer used with inner snap ring (A).
3. Re-machine snap ring groove (A) so that the forward edge of groove (A) on dimension
(D) equals dimension (C) plus the washer thickness (+.005/-.000). Groove dimensions are as follows
.442/.445 minor dia. and .046/.049 width.
4. If the snap ring groove (B) is damaged, re-machine it to accept the heavier snap ring,
holding dimension (E) at 2.729 + .010/-.000.
I. Clean any paint from the cap and housing mating surface.
j. In both the housing and end plate inspect bearings for looseness, they should be a press fit on
early models and Loctited in place on later models.
k. If the bearings show signs of rotation within the housing or end plate, or if by measurement tile
housing or end plate bore is eccentric by more than .005 total indicator runout, it will be necessary to
replace the housing and bearing.
1. When the bearings are replaced in new housing, Loctite "E" should be used on the outer surface of
the bearing only.

m. With the drive unit assembled and the belt installed, proceed to check belt alignment as follows:.
(Refer to Sketch C).
1. Remove two compressor drive cap attachment screws as shown in Figure 13-45. Retain
these screws and washers.
2. Attach the alighment tool P/N 49186-02 to the compressor drive by using two
MS35276-264 screws.
3. Tighten the attaching screws, making certain the tool is clear of all obstructions and lightly
tighten the slide nut and bolt on the tool.
4. Tighten the compressor drive belt by pulling the compressor by hand.
5. While maintaining belt tension tighten the bottom attachment bolt.
6. Reattach the adjustment rod to the compressor and adjust to achieve the proper belt tension and
pulley alignment. (Refer to Table XIII-IX.)
NOTE
When acquiring belt tension, maintain even clearance between the

face of the compressor pulley and alignment tool.
7. Tighten the top mounting bolt on the compressor.

8. Should it be necessary to move the pulleys forward or aft to achieve alignment, the support
end of the housing can be milled up to .09 of an inch on either side and an aluminum or steel shim washer
used to adjust the compressor position.
n. With the alignment completed, remove the alignment tool and reinstall the drive cap with original
screws and washers. Safety wire the screws.
13-116. DUAL BELT REPLACEMENT

a. Remove cowling from right engine. (Refer to Section VIII.)
b. Relieve the compressor drive belt tension by loosening the locknut on the adjustment rod and backing of
the adjustment.
c. Replace old belts with Drive Belt Kit Assembly, P/N 470 980. The dual belts are a matched set and must
be replaced as a set. (Refer to Belt Inspection, Paragraph 13-104.)
NOTE
Do not handle the belts with greasy hands. The belts should be kept free
from degreasing solvents, oils or any other foreign material.
NOTE
Wipe pulley shives with solvent before belt installation.
d Tighten the compressor drive belt by pulling the compressor by hand.

e. While maintaining belt tension tighten the bottom attachment bolt.
f. Reattach the adjustment rod to the compressor and adjust to achieve the proper belt tension and pulley
alignment. (Refer to Table XIII-IX.)
g. Tighten the top mounting bolt on the compressor.

5F1 PA-31Tand PA-31T1
13-117. INSTALLATION OF DRIVER ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 13-45.)

NOTE
Anytime quill shaft is removed, it must be lubricated per Lubrica-

tion Chart, Section II.
a. Install quill shaft back in the housing assembly.

b. Insert the long puller screws (6) into the holes located counterclockwise from holes marked "P".
c. Begin to tighten screws (6) 1/4 turn at a time in sequence until they bottom.
d. At this time, remove puller screws (6) and replace with the attaching screws (1).
e. Tighten attaching screws (1) 1/4 turn at a time in a crossing sequence until the end housing assembly
is drawn into place.
f. Replace bushing and puller screws (6) into holes marked "P" and safety wire all screws.
NOTE
On dual belt assemblies, install pulley on quill shaft and secure with
hardware previously removed. Hold the belts with one hand while
tightening the nut. DO NOT snap wrench.
13-118. REMOVAL OF DRIVE HOUSING. (Refer to Figure 13-45.)

a. Refer to Removal of Driver Assembly, Steps a through d.
b. Cut safety wire and remove bolts (14) and (15).
c. Remove housing and gasket.
13-119.INSTALLATION OF DRIVE HOUSING. (Refer to Figure 13-45.)

a. Install gasket and housing to engine pads with bolts (14) and (15). Torque bolts (oiled) 50-60
inch-pounds maximum and safety wire.
b. For installation of driver assembly, refer to Installation of Driver Assembly, Steps a through f.
13-120. FAN AND CONDENSER.
13-121. REMOVAL OF FAN AND CONDENSER. (Refer to Figure 13-46.)

a. Remove cowling and access panels on each side and on top of the nacelle.
b. Ascertain that the air conditioning system circuit breaker is pulled.
c. Discharge the system.
d. Disconnect the freon lines at the condenser.
e. Disconnect the electrical leads from the fan.
f. Remove the clamp from the fan motor.
g. Loosen the set screw on the fan and slide the fan aft and off the shaft.
h. Disconnect the bracket from the fire wall and remove the fan motor and fan blades from the nacelle.
i. Disconnect the hardware holding the condenser.
j. Remove the condenser from the nacelle.
NOTE
If new condenser is being installed add 2 ounces of refrigerant oil to

the condenser and add an identifying mark (red dot) to indicate oil
added.

5F2 PA-31T and PA-31T1
C743 1 FREON LINES 7

2 SHROUD
3 CONDENSER
4 SET SCREW
5 IMPELLERFAN
6 MOTOR MOUNTS
7 CLAMP
8 ELECTRICALLEADS
9 MOTOR
10 MOUNTING BOLTS
11 FIRE WALL
12 THERMAL SWITCH
13 OVERPRESSURE SWITCH (SEE NOTE 2)
14 HIGH PRESSURE SWITCH (SEE NOTE 2)
15 CONDENSER INLET LINE
NOTES
1 SEAL ALL OPENINGS ON INBOARD AND OUT-
BOARD LONGITUDINAL BULKHEAD BETWEEN
AFT SIDE OF FIRE WALL AND FORWARD SIDE
OF CONDENSER WITH PRESSURE SENSITIVE
ADHESIVE TAPE. SPECIFICATION PPP-T-60B. ' NOTE
TYPE III.CLASS 1.1-1/2 INCHWIDE FROM TUCK SEAL BETWEEN
PROD 2144 CYPRESS ROAD. BETHLEHEM. SHROUD AND
CONDENSER
PENNA WITH 425
2 OVERPRESSURE SWITCH ON AT 375 10 PSI ALUMINUM
AND OFF AT 200 10 PSI THERMAL SWITCH TAPE, 3M CO.
ON AT 170°F AND OFF AT 150°F
Figure 13-46. Fan and Condenser

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F3
13-122. INSTALLATION OF CONDENSER AND FAN. (Refer to Figure 13-46.)
NOTE
Refer to the latest revision of Piper Service Bulletin No. 754 for
information on replacement of the condenser fan impeller.
a. Install condenser and secure.

b. Connect the fan motor and bracket to the fire wall.
c. Slide the fan on the shaft and position the end of the fan hub approximately 1.88 inches from the
condenser and secure with the set screw.
d. Install the clamp on the fan motor.
e. Connect the electrical leads.
f. Connect the freon lines at the condenser.
g. Evacuate and charge the system and check for leaks.
h. Engage the air conditioning circuit breaker.
i. Install the cowling and access panels.
13-123. RECEIVER-DRYER
13-124. REMOVAL OF RECEIVER-DRYER. This unit is located next to the evaporator in the nose
section of the aircraft.
a. Remove the right access panel on the nose section.
b. Discharge the system of all refrigerant before continuing with the removal of the receiver-dryer.
Disconnect the refrigerant lines at the receiver-dryer and cap the ends of the lines to prevent contamination
of the system
c. Loosen the two clamps and remove the receiver-dryer from its mounting bracket
NOTE
This part is not serviceable. It must be replaced with a new one.

(Refer to Parts Catalog.)

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F4
13-125. INSTALLATION OF RECEIVER-DRYER.

a. Mount the new dryer in the mounting bracket and ascertain that the proper parts are facing the
appropriate freon lines.
b. Install new O-rings (refer to the Parts Catalog) on the line fittings and lubricate the O-rings.
c. Uncap and connect the refrigerant lines to the dryer.
CAUTION
Torque the fittings. (Refer to Table XIII-VII.)
d. Evacuate and recharge the system in accordance with Paragraphs 13-99 and 13-100.
e. Install the right access panel on the nose section of the airplane.
13-126. EXPANSION VALVE.

13-127. REMOVAL OF EXPANSION VALVE. (Refer to Figure 13-47.)
a. Remove the access panel on the right side of the airplane nose section.
b. Discharge the system before trying to remove any components.
c. Remove the evaporator, shroud, receiver-dryer, and related hardware from the airplane. (Refer to
Paragraphs 13-122 and 13-131.)
d. With the evaporator removed, it is now possible to remove the expansion valve.
CAUTION
Do not kink the capillary tube during removal.
13-128. INSTALLATION OF EXPANSION VALVE. (Refer to Figure 13-47.)

a. Install the expansion valve to the evaporator and secure the capillary tube to the evaporator
outlet line and apply Presstite insulating tape. (Refer to Figure 13-49.)
CAUTION
Do not kink the capillary tube during installation.
b. Install the assembled evaporator into the airplane. (Refer to Paragraph 13-132.)
c. When all the connections are secured and the Presstite insulating tape is installed, proceed to
evacuate and charge the system. (Refer to Paragraphs 13-99 and 13-100.)
d. After charging the system, it should be checked for any leaks. (Refer to Paragraph 13-98.)
e. Install the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
13-129. EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE.
13-130. REMOVAL OF EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE. (Refer to Figure 13-48.)

a. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
b. Discharge the system before trying to remove any of the components.
c. Remove the insulating tape from around the evaporator control valve.
d. Disconnect the lines from the evaporator control valve and cap the open ends.
e. Disconnect the clamp which holds the evaporator control valve to the evaporator shroud and
remove the valve from the airplane.
Reissued:2/6/81 ENVIRONMENTALCONTROL SYSTEM

414 A
OPERATINGPIN-
FROM
-RECEIVER
CAPILLIARY TUBE-
DEHYDRATOR
VALVE
EQUALIZER LINE
TO SUCTION
THROTTLINGVALVE
Figure 13-47. Expansion Valve
414
1. BAFFLE 8. EVAPORATOR PRESS

2. MILLED SLOTS 9. PISTON
3. ORIFICE 10. SCREEN
4. PISTON BLEED VALVE 11. PISTON SPRING
5. PISTON RING 12. BELLOWS CHAMBER
6. NEEDLE VALVE 13. BELLOWS
7. VALVE SEAT 14. VALVE, SPRING
Figure 13-48. Evaporator Control Valve

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F6
1308 I 1. CAPILLARY TUBE

CAPILLARY BULB 2. EXPANSION VALVE
3. EVAPORATOR SHROUD
4. TOPPING OFP VALVE
5. CLAMP
6. EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE
INSULATE WITH
P.T.I. TAPE
7. RECEIVER DRYER
8. CLAMP
9. OIL RETURN LINE
10. EQUALIZER LINE
Figure 13-49. Component Installation
13-131. INSTALLATION OF EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE. (Refer to Figure 13-48.)

a. Install the evaporator control valve into the airplane as shown in Figure 13-49 and secure it to the
evaporator with the existing clamp and connect the freon lines to the valve.
b. Apply the Presstite insulating tape around the valve and related lines as shown in Figure 13-49
c. Evacuate and charge the system in accordance with Paragraphs 13-99 and 13-100.
d. Test the system for leaks. (Refer to Paragraph 13-98.)
e. Install the access panel on the airplane and secure it.
13-132. EVAPORATOR.
13-133. REMOVAL OF EVAPORATOR. This unit is mounted in front of the heater and is enclosed in a
fiberglass shroud.
a. The air conditioning system must be completely discharged of refrigerant.
b. Remove the air conditioning duct extending over the heater from the evaporator shroud.
c. Disconnect the forward V-band clamp between the heater and evaporator shroud.
d. Remove the four screws which hold the evaporator in place.
e. Disconnect the refrigerant lines from the receiver-dryer and loosen the clamps and remove the
dryer.
f. Remove the insulation on the evaporator control valve and disconnect the refrigerant line which
leaves the evaporator control valve.
NOTE
It is advisable to cap all open refrigerant lines when the system is

opened to prevent entrance of moisture and dirt.

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F7
g. Remove the recirculation fan in accordance with Paragraph 13-32.

h. Open the access plate on the airplane below the evaporator shroud and disconnect the pressurized
air inlet line to the shroud. The removal of the heater assembly would expedite the removal of the evaporator.
i. The complete shroud, evaporator, evaporator control valve, and expansion valve can now be lifted
out of the compartment for service.
j. The shroud can be separated to remove the evaporator by removing the machine screws and nuts
around the edges of the shroud.
13-134. INSTALLATION OF EVAPORATOR. If installing a new evaporator, add an amount of re-

frigerant oil equal to the amount removed from the old unit (not, however, to exceed 2 ounces). After addition
of the oil proceed with installation as follows:
a. Secure the two halves of the shroud together around the evaporator with machine screws and nuts,
if it was separated. Apply a bead of fuselage sealant between the two halves before securing them. Unit must
not leak as it forms part of the Pressurization Envelope.
NOTE
Before installing new O-ring seal, lubricate the O-rings with

refrigerant oil and torque the fittings. (Refer to Table XIII-VII.)
b. Install the expansion valve and evaporator control valve to the evaporator shroud as shown in
Figure 13-49.
c. Install the complete shroud, evaporator, evaporator control valve, and expansion valve into the
airplane.
d. Connect the pressurized air line to the lower end of the evaporator shroud and secure with clamp.
Also, route the drain hose through the grommet in the fuselage.
e. Install the recirculation fan in accordance with Paragraph 13-32.
f. Connect the refrigerant lines to the evaporator control valve and replace P.T.I. Presstite Insulation
Tape around the evaporator control valve.
g. Install a new receiver-dryer in the mounting bracket and secure it in place with two clamps.
h. Connect the other refrigerant lines to the receiver-dryer.
i. Move the evaporator shroud assembly aft till it is tight against the end of the heater; then install the
four screws to secure the shroud assembly in place. (Do not tighten mounting screws until V-band clamp is
installed.)
j. Install and secure the V-band clamp around the end of the heater and evaporator shroud.
k. Install the air conditioning air duct over the heater and secure it to the evaporator shroud outlet.
1. Evacuate and recharge the system in accordance with Paragraphs 13-99 and 13-100
m. Install the access plate and panels on the nose section of the airplane.

Reissued:2/6/81 5F8
13-135. INSTALLATIONOF LINES AND FITTINGS. Freon because of its chemistry, is difficult to confine with
rubber hoses and seals. For this reason an acceptable leak rate has been established, and due to temperature and
system operation the leak rate will vary. Following are some areas of the system which should be inspected to prevent
freon leaks:
a. If leaks are suspected, inspect the flares carefully for tool marks and that the flares do not extend over the
fitting collar. (Refer to Figure 13-51.)
NOTE
Hoses should not be removed from the compressor fittings unless they
are suspected of damage or leaks. Repetive removal will damage the
hose to fitting seal and thus cause leaks.
NOTE
Reseal joints with Loc-Tite sealer.
b. An area that is subject to damage due to nut over torque is shown in Figure 13-51. Inspect this line
for twist or kinks by looking thru the inboard grill with a flashlight. An alternate method of tightening "B"
nuts in lieu of torque values is as follows:
1. Hand tighten "B" nut while moving the tube from side to side. This will aid in the seating of the
nut and flare to the nipple.
2. With the proper wrench, tighten the nut 1/4 turn.
3. Loosen the "B" nut and repeat Steps 1 and 2.
c. Flared fittings are sometimes difficult to seal on the hard-to-get fittings, it may be necessary to
install Seco 7 seals. (Refer to Figure 13-50.) Install Seco 7 seals as follows:
1. Lubricate threads with refrigerant oil.
2. Run nut back and forth on fitting and then tighten finger tight.
3. From the finger tight position tighten flared fitting 1 to 1 1/2hex flats.
4. If connection is broken, replace seal.
CAUTION
When installing conical seals check for cracks and scored flared ends
and nipple ends. Replace parts as necessary.
d. After assembly or replacement of components, the component and lines should be flushed with
freon. (Refer to flushing Paragraph 13-101.)

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F9
SEAL
I Figure 13-50. Installation of Seco 7 Seals
B113

TABLE XIII-X. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (AIR CONDITIONING)
Gauge Indication Probable Causes Remedy
High discharge pressure. Overchargeof refrig- Purge excess refrigerant.

erant.
Air in system. Check for leaks. Bleed
charge from system. Evac-
uate and recharge sys-
tem.
Overheated condenser Clean bugs and dirt

due to blocking air from condenser fins.
passage. Straighten fins if bent.
Flooded evaporator in- Check that capillary

dicated by heavy frost- bulb is securely clamped
ing on suction line to suction line. If
and compressor suction capillary bulb OK. re-
service valve. place expansion valve.
Restriction in liquid Check for kinked hoses

line from condenser. and stopped up filter.
Low discharge pressure. Undercharge of refrig- Add refrigerant until

erant. Sight glass shows bubbles disappear. Check
bubbles or foam. system leaks.
Damaged compressor valves Replace compressor.

or dirt under valves.
Blown gasket. Replace compressor.
Damaged compressor. Worn Replace compressor.

or broken piston or piston
rings.

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F11
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
CHART(AIR CONDITIONING)(cont.)
TABLEXIII-X. TROUBLESHOOTING
Gauge Indication ProbableCauses Remedy
Low suction pressure. Low air supply through Repair blower or blower
(Accompaniedby icing evaporator. motor. Cleanstoppage in
evaporator.) air ducts.
Faulty evaporator control Replaceevaporator control

valve. valve.
Very dirty evaporator Clean and flush with

fins and coils. water.
Low suction pressure. Underchargeof refrig- Add Freon. Installnew

(Evaporator not cold erant. Moisture freez- dryer. Evacuate and re-
enough.) Suction gauge ing in expansionvalve. charge system.
may read a vacuum in- Valve will show frost.
dicating evaporator Expansion valve inlet Remove screen. Clean
lacks refrigerant. screen clogged. Inop- with solvent and re-
erative expansion place. Warm capillary
valve. Valve stuck by holding in hand.
closed or capillary If suction pressure
bulb has lost its does not change, re-
charge. place expansion valve.
Restriction anywhere Locate restriction

in liquid line. Restric- and repair.
tion willshow frost.
High suction pressure. Capillarybulb clamp Cleancontact surfaces

loose on suction line. of suction line and cap
Suction line shows bulb. Tighten clamp.
frost.
Expansion valve Replace expansion

not closing. Evaporator valve.
flooded. Suction line
frosted to compressor.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ENVIRONMENTALCONTROL SYSTEM

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F12
TABLE XIII-X. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (AIR CONDITIONING) (cont.)
Gauge Indication Probable Causes Remedy
High suction pressure. Compressor drive belt Adjust belt tension.

(cont.) slipping.
Magnetic clutch slipping Check electrical circuit

for correct voltage to
clutch coil. Clean clutch
surfaces of oil.
Check air gap (Sankyo). Adjust air gap.

I
Strainer at suction service Clean with solvent and or
valve clogged. replace.
Leaking or broken Replace compressor

compressor valves.

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F13
TABLE XIII-X. TROUBLESHOOTING CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS

(AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM)
Trouble Indication Cause Suggested Remedy
System produces no Electrical

cooling. Electrical components Open circuit breaker. Reset circuit breaker.
not operating.
Electrical components Broken or discon- Check all terminals

not operating. nected electrical for loose connections;
wire. check wiring for
hidden breaks.
Electrical components Broken or discon- Check ground wire to

not operating. nected electrical determine if loose,
wire. broken or disconnected.
Compressor clutch Clutch coil burned Check current flow to

inoperative. out or disconnected. clutch, replace if in-
operative.
System does not work Thermostat sensing If system works in

in auto mode. element defective. manual mode, check
thermostat and cabin
comfort control panel.
Fan inoperative. Circulating fan Check current flow to

motor disconnected fan motor; repair or
or burned out. replace as required.
(Refer to Paragraph
13-34.)
Mechanical
Visual inspection. Loose or broken Replace drive belt
drive belt. and/or tighten to
specifications.
Compressor pulley Compressor partially Remove compressor for

will not turn when or completely frozen. service or replacement.
clutch is engaged.
Head pressure nor- Expansion valve stuck Replace expansion

mal, suction pres- in open position. valve.
sure high, evapora-
tor flooding.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F14
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLE XIII-X. TROUBLESHOOTING CUSTOMERCOMPLAINTS

(AIR CONDITIONINGSYSTEM)(cont.)
System produces no Refrigeration

cooling.(cont.) Complete loss of re- Broken refrigerant Examine all lines for
frigerant. line. evidence of breakage
by external stress or
rubbing wear.
No pressure on high Leak in system. Evacuate system; apply

or low gauges. static charge; check
system for leaks and
make necessary repairs.
Clutch and compressor Compressor shaft Replace compressor.

oily; system low or seal leaking.
out of refrigerant.
High gauge normal or Clogged screen or Repair as necessary.

may read high. Low screens in receiver-
gauge usually shows dehydrator or expan-
vacuum or very low sion valve, plugged
pressure reading. hose or coil.
Frosting usually
occurs at point of
blockage.
Visual indication. Low refrigerant switch Connect gauge set to

tripped due to low re- Schrader valve on evap-
frigerant charge. orator control valve
(Figure 13-28) and
check system pressure.
If pressure is below
normal for ambient
temperature (Table
XIII-VI), check
for leaks and recharge.
If normal and above 55
psi (Table XIII-VI),
start engine and check
refrigerant level. If
normal and below 55 psi,
connect a jumper wire
across the low refrig-
erant switch. Start
engine and check refrig-
erant level.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F15

(AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM) (cont.)
NOTE
Whenever the freon system is opened for repairs of any cause, the
system must have the dehydrator replaced. Then the complete
system must be purged. evacuated, and recharged to remove excess
moisture.
System will not pro- Electrical

duce sufficient Low airflow from Circulating fan Remove fan motor:
cooling ducts; fan motor motor sluggish in service or replace as
possibly noisy. operation. required. (Refer to
Paragraph 13-34)
Mechanical
Visual inspection. Compressor clutch Remove clutch as-
slipping. sembly for service
or replacement.
Check air gap Adjust air gap

(Sankyo).
I
Blower motor op- Obstructed blower Examine entire pas-
erating at high passage. sage for obstruction.
speed, low air- Correct as necessary
flow from ducts.
Insufficient Insufficient air Clean condenser

cooling at dis- circulation over coils.
charge outlets. condenser coils.
Excessive high Fins clogged with
pressure gauge dirt or bugs.
reading.
Fins clogged with Evaporator clogged. Clean with com-

lint, dust, or pressed air. Use clean-
coated with cig- ing solvent to remove
arette tars. cigarette tars.
High pressure Evaporator control Replace evaporator

gauge reading valve defective. control valve.
normal, low gauge
reading usually
too high.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F16
TABLEXIII-X. TROUBLESHOOTING CUSTOMERCOMPLAINTS

System will not pro- Refrigeration

duce sufficient Bubbles in sight Insufficient refrig- Recharge system until
cooling. (cont.) glass; high gauge erant in system. bubbles disappear in
reading exces- receiver sight glass,
sively low. and gauge readings
stabilize to specifi-
cations.
Gauge pressures Clogged screen in Purge system; replace

may be normal or expansion valve. expansion valve.
may show slightly
increased head
pressure and low
suction pressure;
discharge output
temperature higher
than specified.
Excessively high or Expansion valve Purge system; replace

low gauge readings, thermal bulb has expansion valve.
may cool in excess lost charge.
or not enough.
High pressure gauge Clogged screen in Purge system; replace

usually higher than receiver-drier. receiver-drier.
normal, low pressure
gauge lower than
normal, receiver cold
to touch and may
frost.
Excessive head pres- Excessive moisture Purge system; replace

sure gauge reading. in system. receiver-drier.
Excessive head pres- Air in system. Purge, evacuate and

sure, sight glass charge system. (Replace
shows bubbles or receiver-drier.)
is cloudy.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F17

(AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM) (cont.)
Excessively noisy Electrical

system. Visual inspection: Defective winding or Replace or repair as
clutch vibrates. improper connection required.
in compressor clutch
coil.
Mechanical
Visual inspection: Loose or excessively Tighten or replace as
belt slips and noisy. worn drive belt. required.
Noisy when engaged. Noisy clutch. Remove clutch for

service or replace-
ment as necessary
Check for inter- Check air gap. Adjust air gap - de-
mittent or slipping fective coil
clutch (Sankyo).
Check clutch bearing. Replace bearing.
Clutch disengaged Check air gap. Replace or repair

"chattering." Adjust air gap.
Defective clutch
pulley or front plate.
Loose mounting: Compressor noisy. Check mounting and

worn internal com- repair: remove com-
pressor parts. pressor for service or
replacement.
Compressor noisy: Compressor oil level Fill with correct spec-

hot to touch low. ified oil.
Noisy blower motor. Circulating fan Remove blower

noisy: excessive motor for service or
wear in blower replacement as re-
motor. quired. (Refer to
Paragraph 13-34.)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F18

Excessivelynoisy Refrigeration
system. (cont.) Rumbling noise or vi- Excessivechargein Discharge excess freon
bration in high pres- system. until high pressure
sure line, thumping gauge drops within
noise in compressor; specifications.
excessive head pres-
sure and suction
pressure; bubbles in
sight glass.
Hissing in evapora- Low charge in system. Check system for leaks;

tor case at expansion charge system.
valve; bubbles or
cloudiness in sight
glass; low head pres-
sure.
Expansion valve noisy; Excessive moisture in Replace dehydrator;

suction pressure low. system. purge, evacuate and
charge system.
NOTE
When a unit must be removed from the system for service or

replacement, the system must have the dehydrator replaced also,
and the system must be purged, evacuated, and recharged to
remove excess moisture.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5F19
13-136. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM (DUKES).
13-137. DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION. Pressurizationairfor thecabinoriginates

°
from the engine bleed port on each engine. The air leaves the bleed port at a maximum temperature of 600 F
and a maximum pressure of 90 psia. It then travels to the intercooler assembly where an air-to-air heat
exchange process takes place. From the intercooler assembly the air is routed through check valves and
proceeds to a Piper designed jet pump where it is further cooled and the pressure is lowered. From the jet pump
this air is routed through the main pressurization line below the cabin floor. It then passes through the
pressurized air control box assembly which controls the flow of air that is to be routed to the cabin or
overboard. If the air is not needed for pressurization, the control box is actuated to discharge the air below the
cabin floor and allowed to flow overboard. When the control box is closed, the air is directed through the
environmental control system and through the air distribution ducts along both sides of the cabin walls. All
controls needed for operation and regulation of cabin pressurization are mounted on the lower left side of the
instrument panel, along with instruments to simplify setting and check system operation. Both the cabin
altitude and rate-of-climb adjustments are controlled by the pilot, through the use of the cabin altitude selector
and the cabin rate-of-change control. This unit is electrically operated by the 28-volt DC electrical system of
the aircraft. The rate of ascent or descent is variable from 100to 1000feet per minute. A manual cabin altitude
selector overrides the electrical control to permit the manual selection of cabin altitude over a range of sea level
to 10,000 feet above sea level. A filtration assembly is part of the control unit. On earlier models a manually
controlled dump valve is incorporated in the system to unload the cabin pressure, and on later models cabin
pressure is unloaded by lifting the access cover to the emergency gear extension lever. A squat switch on the left
main landing gear prevents the cabin from being pressurized while the airplane is on the ground. A test switch
is incorporated to override the squat switch when testing the system on the ground.
13-138. PRESSURIZATION CONTROLS. The controls and instruments used to operate the pressuriza-
tion system are grouped together to simplify operation. Both the cabin altitude and rate-of-change are
controlled by use of the cabin altitude selector and the cabin rate-of-change control. The altitude instrument
indicates cabin pressure altitude in feet. and rate-of-climb instrument indicates the rate in feet per minute of
cabin altitude change. The cabin differential pressure gauge indicates the difference between the cabin interior
and the outside atmosphere. A differential pressure warning light is incorporated within the annunciator light
unit system to warn the pilot if the cabin differential pressure exceeds the limit specified for the aircraft (refer
to Table XIII-XI for the differential pressure switch settings). A manually controlled dump valve is in-
corporated in the system to unload the cabin pressure rapidly. The dump valve is included on earlier models
only. and on later models cabin pressure is unloaded by lifting the access cover to the emergency gear extension
lever located on the floor between the pilot and copilot seats. The aircraft is not approved for landing with the
cabin pressurized. A squat switch on the left main landing gear prevents the cabin from being pressurized while
the aircraft is on the ground A test switch is used to override the squat switch when testing the pressurization
system before takeoff.
NOTE
Any service to the pressurization system should be accomplished

by a shop which is equipped and has qualified personnel to
perform this service.

PA-31Tand PA-31T1
5F20
TABLE XIII-XI. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCH SPECIFICATIONS
The following specifications pertain to those aircraft equipped with the 587 870 Differential
Pressure Switch (Dukes 3547-00).
31T's with S/N's 31T-7400002to 31T-7820066

31T1's with S/N's 31T-7804001 and up
SWITCH ACTUATION PRESSURE SETTING ALTITUDE SETTING

TOLERANCES TOLERANCES
Closes 5.67 to 5.77 PSID 10.000 to 10.500 ft.
Opens 5.50 to 4.50 PSID 8.000 ft. min.
The next group of specifications pertain to those aircraft equipped with the 588 099
Differential Pressure Switch (Dukes 1336-00-1).
3 T's with S N's 31T-7820067 and up

Closes 5.70 to 5.75 PSID 11.500 to 12.500 ft
Reliable through the following temperatures:
Ambient -65° F to + 120 F

Cabin +35° F to +120° F

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F21
1. PNEUMATIC SYSTEM PRESSURE GAUGE 29. FREON PRESSURE LINE

2. PRESSURE DUMP CONTROL 30. FREON SUCTION LINE
(EARLIER MODELS ONLY) 31. COMPRESSOR
3. TEST SWITCH (MANUAL OVERRIDE) 32. INTERCOOLER AIR INLET.
4. CABIN ALTITUDE SELECTOR 33. INTERCOOLER ASSEMBLY
S. CABIN ASCEND OR DESCEND SWITCH 34. DEICER BOOT
6. RATE OF CHANGE CONTROL 35. CONDENSER
7. CABIN RATE OF CLIMB GAUGE 36. JET PUMP WITH CHECK VALVE
8. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE AND 37. VENTILATION DUCT
CABIN ALTITUDE GAUGE 38. PRESSURIZED AIR CONTROL BOX ASSY.
9. PRESSURIZED AIR BLEED PORT 39. OVERBOARD DUMP
10. OUTSIDE AIR BOX ASSEMBLY 40. EJECTOR
11. RECIRCULATION FAN 41. CHECK VALVE(S)
13. EVAPORATOR 43. REGULATOR
14. EXPANSION VALVE 44. DEICE EJECTOR
15. EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE 45. VALVE (2 WAY)
16. RECEIVER DEHYDRATOR 46. VALVE (3 WAY)
17. HEATER 47. LINE (TO DOOR SEAL)
18. RESONATOR 46. LINE (TO EMPENNAGE DEICER BOOTS)
19. FRESH AIR DISTRIBUTION LINE 49. BLEED SETTING ADJUSTMENT
20. TEMPERATE AIR DISTRIBUTION LINE SO. ISOBARIC VALVE
21. DUMP VALVE (MANUAL CONTROL) 51. SAFETY VALVE
(EARLIER MODELS ONLY) 52. BLEED LINE
22. SOLENOID VALVE STATIC VENT LINE
23. RECIRCULATING AIR INTAKE 54. RUPTURE DIAPHRAGM
24. TEMPERATE AIR DISTRIBUTION BOX ASSY. 55. STATIC VENT LINE
25. AMBIENT AIR INLET 56. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
26. CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL ASSEMBLY WARNING SWITCH
27. DUMP CONTROL (EARLIER MODELS ONLY) 57. LOW PRESSURE SWITCH
28. PRESSURIZED AND OUTSIDE AIR CONTROL 58. TURN AND BANK INDICATOR
LEVEL (SEE INSTRUMENT PANEL DETAIL) 59. FILTER
Figure 13-52. Pressurization System Schematic (Dukes)
Reissued:
2/6/81 5F22 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM
PA-31T and PA-31TI
5F22
13-139. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS.

a. The following steps should be performed before takeoff to insure proper functioning of the
pressurization system:
1. Set engine power levers to obtain 70% compressor speed.
2. Set manual air control lever in the pressurized air position.
3. Set cabin altitude selector above field evaluation (500 feet).
4. On earlier models only, ascertain that the manual dump control is closed.
5. Activate the test switch to bypass the landing gear squat switch.
CAUTION
Do not open windows or door when cabin is pressurized. Injury to

personnel and damage to aircraft may result.
NOTE
The system is now in the process of pressurizing the cabin. The

cabin rate-of-climb instrument should be observed for a slight
descent indication to show that the system is operating. Activate
the test switch for 10 seconds or until it is evident pressurization is
stopping. If the cabin rate of dive is greater than 2000 feet per
minute or the cabin differential pressure goes higher than 1 2 psi.
check for system malfunction.
6. Release the test switch. This will automatically return to the OFF position and stop the
pressurization of the cabin.
b. The following steps should be performed to reset the cabin altitude:
1. After takeoff. set the cabin altitude selector to the desired cabin altitude.
2. On earlier models move the cabin ascend, descend switch to the particular mode of operation.
3. Adjust the rate-of-change control to more than one-fourth of the aircraft's rate of climb or
descent (select rate which is comfortable to the passengers).
4. Before descending. reset the cabin altitude selector to field elevation plus 500 feet.
5. On earlier models set the cabin ascend, descend switch to descend position.
6. Adjust the rate-of-change control for a comfortable rate of descent.
NOTE
When the airplane reaches pattern altitude, the cabin differential

pressure should be nearly equalized. Do not land with more than
one-half psi cabin differential.

5F23
13-140. CABIN PRESSURIZATION CHECK. A pressurization check should be conducted whenever 5.30
to 5.50 psi cabin differential cannot be maintained at 70% compressor Ng speed and or during every
500-hour inspection. The major areas to be considered when troubleshooting the pressurization system are:
a. The engines and bleed air system.
b. The cabin pressurization control system.
c. The pressurized capsule of the fuselage.
There are two methods of performing these checks; one is a flight check using the instructions given in
Paragraph 13-139: the other is with the use of a special test unit which can be purchased through Piper
Aircraft Corporation. and the instructions given in Paragraph 13-141. This test unit makes it possible to
perform checks b and c in the hangar or shop without operating the engines.
During check a. a normal system will show a momentary rise in cabin altitude followed by a return to
a stable condition on the cabin rate-of-climb indicator when the engines are both throttled to 70%
compressor Ng speed. In order to check for leak rate without the test unit. the aircraft must be flown to
13.000 feet: the controller set to 1000 feet: the aircraft pressurized, and the following steps performed.
a. Set the props to 2000 RPM.
b. Set torque to 800 foot-pounds.
c. Establish a 1000 feet per minute rate-of-aircraft descent.
d. Slowly pull the power levers back to 70% Ng speed (gas generator speed).
e. Check the cabin altitude and rate of change.
A normal system may show a momentary cabin climb which will stabilize to a constant cabin
altitude or show a rate of descent. If this does not occur and the cabin shows a continuous rate of climb:
then check for excessive leakage in the cabin pressurization system.
NOTE
There are several uncapped vent ports in both the front and rear
pressure bulkheads These vent ports must remain open and should
not be closed off in any way.
13-141. PRESSURIZATION CHECK WITH TEST UNIT. (Refer to Figures 13-53 and 13-54 ) The
following pressurization test procedure is used to determine if the aircraft fuselage has an acceptable
leakage rate. A pressurization test unit as shown in referenced figures will be required to perform the
pressurization test.
a. Aircraft Preparation:
I. Remove the access panel on the left side of the right nacelle. Also. remove the access panel on
the left side of the tail section at station 275.0 to gain access to the rear of the pressure bulkhead
2. Remove the trim panel in front of the isobaric and safety valves and disconnect the bleed
line from the isobaric valve. Place a protective cap over the line fitting on the bulkhead
3 Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
4. Move the pressurization control lever to the pressurized position.
5 Insure the access cover to the emergency gear extension lever is closed, and on earlier
models, insure dump valve control is closed.
b. Test Unit Hookup:
1. Disconnect the pneumatic line rubber hose connection at nacelle station 121.5 and connect
the instrument air line from the test unit to the pneumatic line that goes back through the nacelle. Plug the
other side of the pneumatic line. (Refer to Figure 13-54. Sketch A.)
2. Disconnect and remove the fresh air distribution tube from the air distribution box. Cap the
hose from the distribution box with a cap plug fabricated per Figure 13-55
5F24
OLD UNIT
REAR VIEW
1312
NOTE
FLOW RATE VALVE MUST BE SET IN FULL BACK VIEW
PUMP BYPASS BEFORE STARTING OR
STOPPING UNIT.
1. FLOW METER PRESSURE INDICATO R 7. CIRCUIT BREAKER 13. SIGHT GAUGE

2. RATE OF CLIMB INDICATOR 1. START BUTTON 14. INSTRUMENT AIR
3. RATE OF FLOW INDICATOR 9. STOP BUTTON IS CABIN REFERENCE
4. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE INDICATOR
INDICATOR 10. AIR REGULATOR VALVE 16. PNEUMATIC AIR OR PRESS. AIR
5. INSTRUMENT AIR PRESSURE INDIC ATOR 11. ELECTRICAL CONNECTION 17. SHOP AIR
6. FLOW RATE VALVE 12. FILLPORT
NEW UNIT
Figure 13-53. Cabin Pressure Test Units (Typical)
Reissued: 2/6/81 ENVIRONMNENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5GI
INSTRUMENT AIR LINE FROM

VIEW A TEST UNIT
SKETCH A
CABIN REFERENCE LINE

FROM TEST UNIT
NOTE
CAP PLUG THE HOSE FROM AIR
DISTRIBUTION BOX AND CONNECT
PRESSURIZING AIR OR PNEUMATIC
AIR LINE FROM TEST UNIT.
PRESSURIZING AIR OR PNEUMATIC AIR

LINE FROM TEST UNIT
SKETCH B
Figure 13-54. Pressurization Test Hookup

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5G2
3. Connect the pneumatic or pressurizing air line from the test unit to the distribution tube at
the forward pressure bulkhead per Figure 13-54. Make the connection using a fabricated reducer as shown
in Figure 13-56
4. Remove the protective plug from the fitting identified by the placard stating "Cabin
Pressure Test" located on the forward pressure bulkhead (station 81). Connect the cabin reference line
from the test unit to the fitting. (Refer to Figure 13-54.)
5. Connect the test unit to a source of pressurized shop air and electrical power.
c. Test Unit Operation:
1. Deactivate all circuit breakers of operable systems except the cabin pressure control and
door seal circuit breakers. Turn on the aircraft electrical power to activate the cabin door seal system.
2. If the airplane has not been placed on jacks, it will be necessary to disconnect electrical
power to the vacuum relief solenoid, located above the pilot's rudder pedals behind the instrument panel,
to prevent a leak path in the system.
3. Set the pneumatic system pressure on the test unit with the regulator control knob to 20
psi. A readjustment may be necessary after door seal inflation of 10 seconds.
4. Turn the flow rate valve knob to the full bypass position, thus allowing the machine to be
turned on, then start it.
5. Turn the flow rate knob in, or to the full increase as fast as possible to obtain an input rate
of flow to the cabin that will exceed the allowable leak rate from the cabin. This differential pressure is
needed to close the isobaric and safety valves thus allowing the cabin to begin to pressurize. As the valves
begin to close, this action is indicated on the test unit by the cabin rate of change indicator reading a dive.
As soon as a dive is indicated, begin to close, or unscrew, the flow rate knob to a position sufficient to
maintain a 2000 foot per minute rate of descent on the rate change indicator. Allow the cabin differential
pressure to rise to 5.0 psi.
NOTE
If no personnel are inside the pressurized cabin, the rate of change

can be as high as 6000 feet per minute.
6. When 5.0 psi is reached on the cabin differential gauge, decrease the main flow rate by
rotating the flow rate knob until the cabin rate of change gauge indicates zero.
7. Maintain 5.0 psi cabin differential and zero on the rate of change gauge by use of the
regulator control on the test unit.
8. Observe the leak rate on the flow gauge. The maximum reading is from 50 to 57 CFM.
NOTE
The reading of the flow gauge on the old unit is taken from the
top of the float in the gauge.
9. A reading over 57 CFM on the flow gauge would indicate a bad leak or series of leaks in the
pressure vessel which would require repair.

5G3 PA-31T and PA-31T1
10. After all checks are completed, bring the cabin back down to standard pressure by slowly
closing or unscrewing the large flow rate knob. If no one is inside the cabin, a 6000 foot per minute change
is okay, otherwise do not exceed a 2000 foot per minute change for purposesof comfort of the individual
inside.
CAUTION
The machine cannot be turned off while there is a pressure

differential in the cabin for purposes of rapid depressurization;
however if the machine is unplugged,the latter result will occur
causing serious discomfort to anyone that may be within the
cabin.
11. When the checks have been completed, disconnect all the various test unit connections from
the aircraft and reconnect the originalplumbing.
WARNING
Ascertain that the bleed line is reconnected to the isobaric valve

with all vents open and the protective plug installed over the
instrument reference fitting. Reconnect electrical power to the
vacuum relief solenoidvalveif previouslydisconnected.
12. Replacethe accesspanels, trim panelsand engine cowling.
MATERIAL: APPROX..188 STEEL MATERIAL: APPROX..188 STEEL
WELD A THIN WELDING ROD .50 WELD A THIN WELDING ROD

FROM END OF PLUG. THIS WILL .50 FROM END OF TUBE
ACT AS A HOSE RETAINER BEAD
WELD
WELD
2.75 O.D. TUBE 2.75 DIA.
REDUCER IS FABRICATED THE SAME AS PLUG.

EXCEPT 1.50 DIA. HOLE IS DRILLED IN THE END OF
PLUG AND 1.50 O.D. DIA. TUBE IS WELDED TO PLUG
FROM REDUCER.
Figure 13-55. Fabricated Hose Plug Figure 13-56. Fabricated Reducer

5G4 PA-31T and PA-31TI
13-142. DUMP VALVE FUNCTION (EARLIER MODELS ONLY). The dump valve is manually
controlled by the pilot. When the valve is opened, it releases the pressure in the isobaric feed line to ambient.
allowing the cabin pressure to open the isobaric valve.
13-143. RUPTURE DISC (EARLIER MODELS ONLY). Refer to the latest revision of Piper Service
Letter No. 833.
13-144. ISOBARIC VALVE FUNCTION. Three states of operation exist for the isobaric valve in flight.
they are: open, modulating and closed. The isobaric valve is controlled by the isobaric controller which is
an adjustable aneroid controlled orifice, that stops cabin pressure from reaching the isobaric valve if the
controller is set above the cabin altitude and admits cabin pressure if the controller setting is below the
cabin altitude.
The isobaric valve is constantly bleeding off to ambient. It will be forced open by cabin pressure if the
flow from the controller stops. or it will go shut if the controller flow exceeds the bleed rate
The OPEN STATE in flight, with full cabin flow. results in an unpressurized cabin.
The MODULATED STATE occurs as the cabin pressure altitude passes through the controller setting.
The CLOSED STATE occurs when the cabin inflow is less than the cabin leak rate.
13-145. ISOBARIC VALVE REMOVAL.

a. Remove the trim panel in front of the safety and isobaric valves located in the rear pressure
bulkhead.
b. Remove the access panel on the left side of the tail section just aft of the entrance door.
c. Disconnect the lines to the isobaric valve. which is the valve located on the left side.
d Reaching through the tail section access hole, remove the small access plate behind the isobaric
val e.
e. Working through this small access hole. remove the six bolts which secure the isobaric valve in
place.
f. Remove the valve from the pressure bulkhead.
13-146. ISOBARIC VALVE INSTALLATION.

a Position the isobaric valve onto the shelf in the rear pressure bulkhead. Ascertain that a new
gasket is installed between the valve and shelf surface.
b Working through the small access opening in the rear of the pressure bulkhead 274.0. install the
six bolts, with new washers, which hold the valve in place and torque them 13 to 17inch-pounds. (Use the
gasket to hold the six bolts in place prior to positioning the valve.)
c. Install the small access plate on the rear of the pressure bulkhead.
d Install the access plate on the left side of the tail section.
e. Connect the pressurization control line to the valve.
f. Install the trim panel in front of the valves after making sure acoustical material is in good
condition.

PA-31Tand PA-31T1
5G5
WARNING
Any time maintenance is performed on the pressurization system,

the aircraft's pilot must be ready to lift the emergency gear
extender cover if a runaway pressurization is noted. (See Step e of
Paragraph 13-154.)
13-147. SAFETY VALVE FUNCTION. The safety valve is closed in flight and only opens to control at
slightly above normal full differential, if the isobaric valve fails to function.
13-148. SAFETY VALVE REMOVAL.

bulkhead.
b. Remove the access panel on the right side of the tail section aft of station 274.
c. Disconnect the line to the safety valve.
d. Reaching through the tail section access hole, remove the small access plate behind the safety
valve.
e. Working through the small access hole, remove the six bolts holding the safety valve in place.
13-149. SAFETY VALVE INSTALLATION.

a. Position the safety valve onto the shelf in the rear pressure bulkhead. Ascertain that a new gasket
is installed between the valve and shelf surface. Be sure that the diaphragm spring is adjusted per Paragraph
13-154. a and the diaphragm is level to seat within 1/16 inch.
b. Working through the small access hole in the rear of the bulkhead, install the six bolts with new
washers, that secure the valve in place. (Use the gasket to hold the six bolts prior to positioning the valve.)
c. Install the small access plate on the rear of the bulkhead.
d. Install the access panel on the right side of the tail section.
e. Connect the line to the valve.
condition.
13-150. ISOBARIC AND SAFETY VALVES COMBINED FUNCTION. The isobaric valve must be held
wide open during full throttle application at takeoff to prevent a cabin pressure rate of dive in excess of
4000 feet per minute. The isobaric valve is held wide open by a vacuum source obtained from an ejector
and is controlled through a normally closed solenoid that is activated by the landing gear squat switch.
The safety valve is also held partially open at the same time through a coil spring assembly. With both
valves open, the initial cabin dive rate is less than 1000 feet per minute during full throttle application at
takeoff.
At lift-off the squat switch on the main gear closes the isobaric solenoid thus removing the vacuum
source allowing the isobaric valve to close to its free state. The safety valve will also slowly close by cabin
pressure bleeding into the safety valve. This closing will raise the unpressurized differential thus overcoming
most of the aircrafts rate of climb. The isobaric control is normally set to begin controlling at 500 feet or
more above the airport runway, at which time the safety valve is completely closed. The closing of the
safety and isobaric valve at full power will produce a small cabin unpressurized differential of about .15
to.25 psi. It is necessary to establish this small cabin pressure in order to start cabin pressurization.

TOBACCO FILTER
STATIC VENT TO TAIL CONE
BLEED LINE FROM

BLEED TO TAIL CONE
BLEED SETTING
DIFFERENTIAL BLEED OUTLET
Figure 13-57. Isobaric Valve
DIFFERENTIAL ADJUSTMENT
(DO NOT MAKE ANY ADJUSTMENTS)
CABIN PRESSUREBLEEDS INTO

VALVE PAST POPPETCLOSING
SAFETY IN FLIGHT
UNPRESSURIZED DIFFERENTIAL
ADJUSTMENT
Figure 13-58. Safety Valve

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5G7
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
13-151. ISOBARIC AND SAFETY VALVE CLEANING. Fluctuation of cabin pressure often indicates
dirty isobaric and safety valves. This may be ascertained in the following manner:
a. Working through the tail section access hole in the side of the fuselage, remove the small access
plate behind the isobaric or safety valve.
b. Working through this small access hole, compress the valve bellows and inspect the valve housing
along the inner rim that the bellows contacts when in the extended position.
c. If the inner rim of the housing is dirty, or if the bellows sticks to the inner rim, wash the rim and
bellows with cleaning solvent (Federal Specification P-D-680).
NOTE
There is a tobacco tar filter installed on the isobaric valve. This is a

disposable type filter and must be replaced every 200 hours of
normal use. Refer to the Parts Catalog for part number of
replacement filter.
13-152. ISOBARIC FILTER REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Figure 13-57.)

bulkhead.
b. Disconnect and remove the filter from the valve.
c. Place teflon tape on the threads of the filter and install in place on the isobaric valve.
d. Install the trim panel in front of the valves.
13-153. ISOBARIC AND SAFETY VALVE SETUP. (Refer to Figures 13-57. and 13-58.) The following
information should prove most helpful in obtaining the best adjustments of the isobaric and/or safety
valves.
Before any work is done on this system, the following safety precautions should be studied and
thoroughly understood by the people who will do the job, such as the pilot who will fly the airplane and
the mechanic who will make the adjustments.
13-154. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.

a. If a flight is necessary, do not leave any of the plumbing from the pressurization controller to the
isobaric valve disconnected.
b. Do not take off with the isobaric valve bleed screw closed.

CAUTION
Do not close the bleed screw in flight, in an attempt to determine the 1 turn
open nominal starting point. This should be done before the flight starts, on
the ground. If the bleed screw is closed in pressurizedflight, the cabin will
immediately be pressurized to 5.5 psi
c. Do not attempt any adjustments above 15,000 feet in case of depressurization.
d. Do not attempt any adjustment at or near maximum cabin differential as they will have no effect.
e. If an error causes an uncontrolled pressurization, the pilot should use the emergency gear extender
cover to stop the pressurization. The accepted practice to stop pressurization in this situation is to lift
the forward edge of the cover, with his fingers a small amount, to start depressurization; then when the
cabin is depressurized, the cover should be completely removed to prevent repressurization. The rate
of depressurization can be conveniently controlled by the amount the cover is lifted.
13-155. SYSTEM SETUP PROCEDURE. The following items should be checked for their proper condition or
operation:
a. All system lines are secure.
b. The rupture disc is not damaged. (Early models only.)
c. The door seal is functioning.
d. Vacuum is being applied to the isobaric valve before lift-off and released after lift-off.
e. The controller is set for 500 feet above the airport altitude before takeoff.
f. The cabin leak rate is near its proper level.
g. The outside air control valve and overboard dump valve are operating properly and are not leaking.
13-156. ISOBARIC AND SAFETY VALVE ADJUSTMENT. If a new isobaric and/or safety valve has been
installed, the adjustments should be as follows:
a. The safety valve diaphragm spring assembly should be adjusted so that from the top of the jam nut to
the top of the threaded portion should be approximately .110 ± .3 of an inch. Install the spring
assemblyinto the safetyvalve three full turns; then tighten the jam nut 4 to 8 inch-pounds.(Referto
Figure 13-58.)
b. The bleed screw on the isobaric valve should be adjusted one turn open (counterclockwise) from the
closed position (full clockwise). (Refer to Figure 13-57.)
NOTE
Do not close valve so tight that valve seat is damaged.

Interim Revision: 10/15/97 5G9 PA-31T AND PA-31T1
13-157. IN FLIGHT CHECK. In flight adjustments require the need of a hand carried altimeter and a
rate-of-climb indicator. The following checklist should be used before the actual flight:
1. All system lines connected and secure.
2. Safety valve and isobaric valve not damaged.
3. Rupture disc not damaged. (Earlier models only.)
4. Pressurization dump valve and outside air control valve operating properly.
5. Isobaric valve bleed screw set, (1 turn open).
6. Pressurization control lever set.
7. Pressurization controller set.
8. Proper indication from pressurization test switch.
9. Pilot is briefed on the use of the emergency gear extender cover to stop an uncontrolled
pressurization situation.
a. During the ground runup, check that the isobaric valve is fully open. This indicates that
vacuum is being applied to the inside of the valve. When the test switch is activated, the vacuum is released;
check that the diaphragm falls to a position where the sipes just touch the top of the castellations on the
valve. (Refer to Figure 13-57.)
b. Ground setting of the safety valve spring is determined by noting the readings on the hand
carried altimeter and rate-of-climb indicator.
NOTE
Ascertain that the altimeter is calibrated and set at 29.92 for all
data and use an accurate 2-1/2 diameter rate-of-climb indicator.
13-158. TAKEOFF AND CLIMB PROCEDURE.

a. Accelerate the engines slowly to full power, taking about five seconds to obtain full power.
b. The maximum dive, noted on the hand carried rate of climb, should be about 600 to 800 feet per
minute for best results. However, whatever the reading, note it as the throttle dive.
NOTE
After reading a maximum dive indication, the rate of dive should

start to reduce and approach a zero indication before lift-off.
c. At lift-off, the vacuum applied to the isobaric valve is released, and the isobaric valve diaphragm
will fall to its free state causing an additional dive in the cabin. This rate of dive, showing on the hand
carried instrument, should be about 500 to 1000 feet per minute, and then slowly start to return towards
zero. Note this dive as the vacuum dive.

d. Climbing out at between 1200 and 1500 feet per minute aircraft rate, note the hand carried
rate-of-climb indication.
NOTE
In this phase of flight, the safety valve should be completing its

closing phase of operation.
e. If the safety valve diaphragm is adjusted properly, the cabin rate should be between 500 feet per
minute dive to 800 feet per minute climb. Tolerances and aircraft peculiarities make it virtually impossible
to secure a zero rate for this phase of the flight. Note this phase as the climb out rate. It occurs just after
lift-off and lasts about 15 or more seconds.
NOTE
After the safety valve closes, the cabin rate of climb will increase
to that of the aircraft.
f. Continue the climb out at normal climb power setting when it's safe to do so.
NOTE
Do not confuse the change in cabin rate associated with a power

reduction with any of the rates noted in Paragraph 13-158, b, c
and e.
g. The cabin rate of climb should begin to decrease from equaling the aircraft rate and slowly
approach zero as the cabin altitude approaches the controller setting. Example: If the controller is set at
the number (1) window on the controller dial, the cabin should be near zero rate of climb when the cabin is
at 1000 feet as indicated on the hand carried altimeter.
NOTE
The controller may be as much as 500 feet off from the hand
carried altimeter. It should be noted that the system has been
designed, to have all the errors give a higher cabin altitude than
selected, in order that optimum performance can be obtained. Do
not attempt to remove this error if less than 500 feet.

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5G11
13-159. ADJUSTMENTOF DIAPHRAGMSPRING. The throttle dive, vacuum dive, and climb out dive
gives an indication as to the spring adjustment to be made. Study the data and decide if the throttle dive
and vacuum diveis high, normal or low (700 feet per minute beingnormal). Determineif the climb out rate
is a high dive rate, normal rate or a high climb rate (500 feet per minute dive to 800 feet per minute climb
is the normal rate).
Decide which of the titled paragraphsbelow coversthe particular problem and follow the directions. It
will be a big help in understanding the problem to watch the isobaricand safety valvediaphragmstogether
with the hand carried instruments during the takeoff and climb out phase of the flight. Removingthe valve
trim cover at the aft pressurebulkhead willnot affect the data.
a. Throttle Dive(Low) and Climb Out Rate (HighClimb Rate).
If the throttle dive is low, 600 feet per minute or less,and if the climb out rate is more than 800
feet per minute climb, adjust the safety valvespring to relievetension (closesafety valvediaphragm).
NOTE
To relieve spring tension, screw the springs lower seat

counterclockwiselooking at the seat. These adjustments must be
made after flight, on the ground. The coverplates on the pressure
bulkhead may be left off until all adjustments have been
completed. Normally one full turn of the spring seat will secure
the desired results. However,if the aircraft will not pressurize,the
safety valve spring seat may have to be turned counterclockwise
two or more turns. Do not confuse the high rate of cabin climb
after the safety valve closes and before stabilized cabin
pressurizationwith climb out dive.(Refer to Paragraph 13-158,c.)
b. Throttle Dive(High) and Climb Out Rate (High Dive Rate).
If the throttle dive is much greater than 800 feet per minute and the climb out dive is greater
than 500 feet per minute dive, adjust the safety valve spring seat clockwise to increase spring tension.
Experience indicates from 1/2 to I turn of spring seat adjustment will change the rate about 500 feet per
minute. Do not make changesof over 2 turns at one time and try to leave the cabin divingslightlyduring
the climb out rate phase of flight.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5G12
c. If the dive due to throttle advance is high with little lift-off dive, the indication is that vacuum is
not being applied to the isobaric valve.
If the dive due to throttle advance is normal with little lift-off dive, the indication is that vacuum
is not being released from the isobaric valve at lift-off.
If the dive due to throttle advance is normal with a very high rate of cabin dive at lift-off, the
indication would be that the bleed screw is closed too far.
NOTE
If a high cabin dive rate is noted just after lift-off (3000 feet per
minute or greater) and does not quickly subside, the pilot should
lift and slowly remove the emergency gear extender cover to stop
the pressurization. The indication is that the bleed screw is closed
too far or a leak is indicated in the pressurization system.
If the aircraft will not pressurize, check the following items:

1. Emergency gear extender cover leaking.
2. Main door seal inoperative.
3. Safety valve diaphragm spring tensioned too tight.
4. Controller improperly set before takeoff.
5. Safety valve has a tendency to stick from the aircraft not being flown for a period of
time.
The last two items can sometimes be corrected in flight by the following procedure:
1. Accelerate engines to full power.
2. Turn pressurization controller to minimum altitude position and note cabin
rate-of-climb indicator.
3. If the procedure is going to work, the cabin rate of dive should increase to about 3000
feet per minute.
4. When the above high dive rate is noted, turn the controller smoothly to 500 feet below
the aircraft altitude.
5. Decrease power to climb or cruise power to help moderate cabin bump that will occur.
6. Use rate control to bring cabin to desired level.
The above procedure will cause an obvious cabin pressure bump, but if the procedure is followed,
it will not cause personal discomfort.
13-160. CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER.
13-16 . REMOVAL OF CONTROLLER.

a. Disconnect the electrical connector and the bleed air line from the rear of the cabin altitude
controller central assembly. Cap the open ports of the bleed air line and fitting on the selector to prevent
dust from entering the system.
b. Remove the four machine screws and nuts (later aircraft have anchor nuts), which secure the
selector to the instrument panel. It may be necessary to remove the cabin pressure and cabin rate-of-change
instruments to gain access to the nuts.
c. The cover plate of the circuit breaker panel may have to be removed to provide clearance for the
altitude selector removal from the instrument panel.
d. Remove the controller by lifting the assembly from the face of the instrument panel.

Reissued: 2/6/81 5G13 PA-31T and PA-31T1
ALTITUDE SELECTOR KNOB

BELLOWS
ENDOF POPPETVALVE STEM
POPPETVALVE
TOBACCO FILTER
6 INCH EXTENSION
SPRAY NOZZLE INCLUDED
IN PACKAGE
VIEW C
COMPRESSEDAIR
NOZZLE
VIEW E
Figure 13-59. Cleaning of Pressurization Controller (Typical)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5G14
13-162. INSTALLATION OF CONTROLLER.

a. Position the controller into the instrument panel cutout from the face side of the panel.
b. Secure the controller to the instrument panel with four machine screws and nuts. Install the
cabin pressure and cabin rate-of-change instruments, if they were removed during the removal of the cabin
altitude controller.
c. Install and secure the cover plate of the circuit breaker panel if it was removed during the
removal of the selector.
d. Remove the protective caps from the bleed air ports of the selector fitting and bleed air line and
connect the line to the fitting; also connect the electrical connector to the rear of the controller.
13-163. CONTROLLER FILTER REPLACEMENT. (Refer to Figure 13-59.) There is a tobacco tar filter
installed in the pressurization system cabin controller. This is a disposable type filter which should be
replaced every 200 hours of normal use. Refer to the Parts Catalog for part number of replacement filter.
a. The filter is accessible from underneath the instrument panel.
b. Remove the filter from the back of the controller and discard.
c. Place teflon tape on the threads of the new filter and install in place on the controller.
13-164. PRESSURIZATION CONTROLLER CLEANING. (Refer to Figure 13-59.) Fluctuation of cabin

pressurization, when the system is properly set up after takeoff, could be caused by a sticking poppet valve
in the pressurization controller, located in the lower left corner of the instrument panel. The cause of this
problem is tobacco deposits on the poppet valve. The degree of fluctuation depends on how long the
deposits have been present and how much smoking occurs in the cabin during flights. The following
information should be used to clean the poppet valve and correct the problem:
a. Obtain a can of aerosol solvent such as MS-160 "FREON" T-P35 solvent, manufactured by the
Miller-Stephenson Chemical Co., Inc. or an equivalent type.
b. Disconnect the electrical connector and the .250 inch line from the rear of the controller.
WARNING
Wear safety glasses when working with this type of solvent to

prevent the spray from getting into the eyes. The propellent in the
aerosol can is FREON and alcohol, and dangerous freezing of the
eyes could occur if liquid from the can is allowed to touch the
eyes. Do not breath the vapors for a prolonged period of time. If
contact with the eyes occurs, wash immediately with water and
consult a physician.
c. Attach the spray extension to the aerosol can. (Refer to Figure 13-59.)
d. Set the altitude selector on the face of the controller to the lowest altitude position.
e. Insert the spray nozzle about 1.50 inches into the controller through the .250 fitting. (Refer to
Figure 13-59 )
f. Apply solvent for a period of one second and allow two minutes to elapse before applying
another one second application.
g. Using a compressed air nozzle as shown in Figure 13-59, blow into the fitting to remove all
solvent and residue.

NOTE
Cleaning is not a normal maintenance item with properly

maintained tobacco tar filters. Clean only if a sticky poppet is
suspected. Do not use more than 20 psi air pressure at the nozzle.
h. For badly fouled controllers, another application of solvent may be required. (Repeat Step g.)
i. If the cleaning solvent fails to free the poppet valve, the controller must be removed from the
instrument panel for further service.
j. With the controller removed from the panel, remove the four small screws holding the screen or
access plate on the side of the controller and remove cover. Due to the screws being of different lengths. they
should be marked so they may be reinserted in their proper locations. The end of the poppet valve stem is now
accessible. (Refer to Figure 13-59.)
k. Turn the controller selector knob to maximum altitude position, and using a thin screwdriver or
knife blade, depress the end of the poppet stem to break the stickiness. Now clean the poppet as outlined in
Steps e thru h.
1. After cleaning the controller, install the screen or access plate and remount the unit in the airplane.
Reconnect the .250 inch line and electrical connection, being careful to prevent any leaks at the 250 inch
fitting.
13-165. TESTING CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER. Replace controller when any one of the test
procedures fail described in Paragraphs 13-165 thru 13-169.
13-166. ELECTRICAL TEST OF THE CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER. (Refer to Figure 13-66 )
NOTE
Electrical test may be performed with the controller in the airplane

or on the bench.
a. Connect electrical test harness, which may be fabricated as per Figure 13-60, to controller
b. With power to the controller and the ascend/ descend switch on earlier models in the OFF position.
select an altitude change with the outer altitude change ring.
NOTE
Altitude select knob should not move.
c. Time the altitude selector knob movement as follows:

I. Position the ascend, descend switch to ascend on earlier models and turn the rate of change
knob to full decrease. The selector knob should move 200 150 feet per minute.
2. Position the ascend, descend switch to descend on earlier models and turn the rate of change
knob to full decrease. The altitude selector knob should move 200 + 100 feet per minute.
3. Position the ascend descend switch to ascend on earlier models and turn the rate of change
knob to full increase. The altitude selector knob should move 1000 200 feet per minute and the ascend light
on earlier models should be on.
4. Position the ascend descend switch to descend on earlier models and turn the rate of change
knob to full increase. The altitude selector knob should move 1000 300 feet per minute and the descend light
on earlier models should be on.
d. Check that the altitude change knob stops within 200 feet at the selected altitude.
e. Check the Electro-Luminescent placard for visibility.

NOTE
Use 110 volts AC (400 cps) for best placard lighting visibility.
13-167. VACUUM CHECK OF THE CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER. (Refer to Figure 13-60.)
NOTE
Vacuum check controller installed in the airplane.
a. Remove pneumatic control line from the controller and the isobaric valve. Cap the control line at
the controller.
b. Connect a vacuum source with a sensitive rate of change and an altimeter to the control line at the
isobaric valve.
NOTE
The vacuum source must have residual volume of between 10 and

15 cubic inches.
c. On earlier models. close the dump valve control and on later models close the access cover to the
emergency gear extension lever.
d. Check for leaks in the control line by pulling vacuum of 6500 feet above local pressure altitude
and sealing off vacuum source. After the initial dive indication. the rate should settle to 100 feet per minute
or less. If the leak is more than 100 feet per minute the leak should be found and corrected.
c Remove the cap from the control line at the controller and connect the line to the cabin
controller.
f. Position the altitude selector to 5000 feet above the local altimeter setting and pull vacuum
equivalent of 6500 feet of altitude.
g. Seal off the vacuum source and after the initial dive indication. the rate should settle to no more
than 400 feet per minute
13-168. VACUUM RELIEF CHECK FOR CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER. (Refer to Figure 13-
60.)
NOTE
Check vacuum relief of cabin controller in the airplane.
a. Set the altitude selector to 5000 feet above the local altimeter setting. and pull vacuum
equivalent to 6500 feet of altitude.
b. Turn the altitude selector slowly toward the local pressure altitude. The vacuum should be lost
when the controller setting reaches 1500 to 1000 feet above the local pressure altitude. A rapid increase in
rate of dive will be indicated on the test system rate of climb indicator.
13-169. CALIBRATION CHECK FOR CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER. Before checking

calibration. make a vacuum check and a vacuum relief check.

5G17
Figure 13-60. Cabin Altitude Controller (Typical)
NOTE
Calibration check can only be made with the controller installed in

the airplane.
a. Fly aircraft level at 1000 feet below the altitude equivalent to maximum differential with cabin
set to sea level. Approximately 11,000 feet aircraft altitude.
b. With hand carried sensitive altimeter set to 29.92, record the cabin altitude at various controller
altitude settings.
c. If the resulting cabin altitudes are within ±300 feet of those selected the unit is in calibration.
d. If it is determined that the controller is out of calibration, refer to Paragraph 13-170for the
calibration procedure.
13-170. CALIBRATION OF CONTROLLER. (Refer to Figure 13-62.) There are two methods by which
the controller may be calibrated. Method I is suggested as the easiest, while Method II used only if Method I
will not correct the error.
Method I
a. The aircraft should be flown to 11,500 feet and the controller should be progressively set at
1,000 3,000, 5,000 7,000 and 9,000 feet, and the resulting cabin altitude noted from an accurate, hand
carried sensitive altimeter, which had been set at 29.92 in. barometric pressure.
b. Care should be exercised in setting the altitude knob accurately on the selected altitude
constantly thru out the test. The readings obtained from this test will allow you to compensate the average
error. Any error noted must be consistant on either the high or low side to be correctable.
c. If the error noted is 300 feet or less, the condition can be corrected by positioning the knob at
5,000 feet and then using a .078 allen key, loosen the two screws holding the knob and re-position the
knob (either high or low) to compensate for the average deviation and then re-tighten the screws.

SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
NOTE
Do not remove the knob during this procedure, as shim washers

may be lost. If the knob is accidently removed and shims are lost,
the only way that the knob can be replaced is to hold a .032 shim
between the knob and the face plate with the knob at the sea level
position and then re-tighten the screws and remove the shim. This
will allow a .031 clearance between the knob and face plate.
d. If the error removed by repositioning the selector knob was more than 300 feet or if the internal
stops in the controller prevents either the sea level or 10,000 foot position to be selected, then the
controller must by removed from the airplane and the steps outlined in Method II must be followed.
Method II. (Refer to Figure 13-61.)

a. If the error in calibration is more than 300 feet or the two extreme stops cannot be reached as
mentioned in Method I, then the controller must be removed from the panel and an internal adjustment
must be made. This is accomplished by removing the round black tab on the side of the case and by using a
.050 allen key, the longest screw on the hex plate (which acts as a stop) is loosened and the hex plate re-
positioned so that when the stop screw is re-tightened the controller knob will reach approximately 500
feet below sea level and above 10,000 feet when rotated thru full travel.
NOTE
Use only allen keys in good condition and of proper strength as

the torque necessary to unloosen and tighten the screws will round
the sockets if this suggestion is not followed.
b.. To preclude the set screw and hex plate from falling aft of the shaft while making this
adjustment, it is recommended that the controller be held in the palm of your hand with the face up and
that the allen key be kept on the screw at all times during this procedure.
c. When calibration is completed, the tab is reapplied to the opening and the unit is then ready to
install in the aircraft.
13-171. DOOR SEALSYSTEM.
13-172. DESCRIPTION OF DOOR SEAL SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 13-61 .) The door seal system
receives its' pressure from both engine bleed air ports. This bleed air leaves the engines at a temperature of
600 F and a pressure of 90 psi. It then travels to the intercoolers (1) where the heat exchange process is
taking place. As the air is cooled it is routed thru check valves and on to a tee in the line at which location a
water separator (5) is mounted. This separator removes any moisture from the air before it enters the
pressure regulator (6). This regulator decreases the system pressure from 90 psi. down to 18 psi. +1 ,-3psi.,
for door seal and deicer operation (Refer to Section XIV, for Deicer System). Pressure regulator (6) is
backed up by a pressure relief valve (7) which cracks open at 21 psi. and becomes full open at 26 psi.
should the regulator (6) fail to open. The regulated air is then routed to a three way valve (8) which directs
the air to the door seal (9) or dumps the pressure overboard when pressurization is not desired.

Reissued:2/6/81 SG19 PA-31T and PA-31T1
BLEED AIR SOURCE
I INTERCOOLER
2. CHECK VALVE
3. CHECK VALVE
4 TEE
S SEPARATOR
6. REGULATOR
7 PRESSURE VALVE
8. SOLENOID VALVE
9. DOOR SEAL
Figure 13-61. Door Seal System

NYLON GEARS
CONTROLLER
E
HOLE IN
SIDE OF
CONTROLLER
KEY
Figure 13-62. Controller Adjustment
Reissued: 2/6/81
10000
2000
Figure 13-63 Cabin Altitude vs Aircraft Altitude

TABLE XIII-XIA. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM)
Cabin will not Dump valve open. Close valve; adjust valve
pressurize. control cable.
Defective isobaric con- Replace valve.

trol valve.
Bleed setting improperly Set to specifications.

set on new valve. (Refer to Paragraph
13-153.)
Defective safety valve. Replace valve.
Improperly adjusted take- Adjust to specifications.

off dive control spring.
Defective landing gear Replace switch.

safety switch.
Faulty electrical wiring. Replace or repair wiring.
No pressure to door seal. Check and repair door

seal.
Excessive leakage in Locate leak and tighten

pressurization ducts. connection.
Defective pressurized Replace or repair valve.

air dump valve.
Rupture disc broken. Refer to the latest

revision of Piper Service
Letter No. 833.
Defective cabin altitude Replace cabin altitude
control. control.
Excessive cabin leakage. Locate and repair leak.

TABLE XIII-XIA. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM) (cont.)
Cabin will not Valveon pressurizedair Adjust or lubricate

pressurize.(cont.) control box won't close. valveor control
linkage.
Valveon outside air Adjust or lubricate
control box won't close. valveor control
linkage.
Cabin pressure will Dump valve partially Closevalve;adjust

not maintain control open. valvecontrol cable.
setting.
Defectiveisobariccon- Replacevalve.
trol valve.
Defectivesafety valve. Replacevalve.
Defectivepressurized Replaceor repair
air dump valve. valve.
Defectivecabin altitude Replacecabin altitude

controller. controller.
Pressurizationduct Locate leak and tighten
leakage. connection.
Cabinleakage. Locate and repair leak.
Defectiverate-of-climb Replace.
indicator.
Defectivecabin altitude Replacegauge.
pressuregauge.
Isobaricand/or safety Adjust valvesin
valveout of adjust- accordancewith Para-
ment. graph 13-153.
Dirty poppet valvein Clean poppet valve.
cabin altitude con- (Refer to Paragraph
troller. 13-164.)

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5G24
Cabin pressure will not Foreign matter on Clean valve seats. (Re-
maintain control set- isobaric control valve fer to Paragraph 13-151.)
ting. (cont.) or safety valve seats.
Leak in isobaric valve Locate leak and tighten

control line. connection.
Sticking poppet valve Clean valve seat. (Re-

inside controller. fer to Paragraph 13-164.)
Cabin pressure ex- Isobaric control valve Clean bleed off and
cessively high. bleed off and static static vent lines.
lines clogged.
Defective cabin over Replace.

pressure switch.
Defective cabin altitude Replace gauge.

pressure gauge.
Safety valve static vent Clean vent line.

clogged.
Defective safety valve. Replace valve.
Isobaric and/or safety Adjust valves in accor-

valve out of adjustment. dance with Paragraph
13-153.
Cabin climbs well Dirty poppet valve in Clean poppet valve. (Re
beyond controller cabin altitude con- fer to Paragraph 13-164.)
setting and initiates troller.
with large spike.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H1
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
Cabin door unsafe light Latchingrelay sticking Lubricate the mechanical

will not go out. in the open position. parts (sparingly)with
"Glide Air" or
equivalent.
Switch or switchesin Adjust per Section XI.

door frame out of ad-
justment.
Defectivepressure Replaceswitch.
switch.
Short to ground. Check wiring and repair.
Cabin door unsafe Circuit breaker open. Reset circuit breaker.

light willnot come
on.
Broken wire or loose Checkwiring and repair.
connection.
No pressure to door Leak in door seal Checkand repair door

seal. pressure system. seal pressuresystem.

PA-31T and PA-31TI
5H2
13-173. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM (GARRETT).
13-174. DESCRIPTION ANDPRINCIPLESOFOPERATION. Pressurizationair for the cabinoriginates

from the engine bleed port on each engine. The air leaves the bleed port at a maximum temperature of 600° F
and a maximum pressure of 90 psi. It then travels to the intercooler assembly where an air-to-air heat exchange
process takes place. From the intercooler assembly the air is routed through a check valve and proceeds to a
Piper designed jet pump where it is mixed with ambient air and the pressure is lowered. This air then proceeds
to the main pressurization line below the cabin floor. It then passes through the pressurized air control box
assembly which controls the flow of air that is to be routed to the cabin or overboard. If the air is not needed for
pressurization, the control box is actuated to discharge the air below the cabin floor and allowed to flow over-
board. When the control box is closed, the air is directed through the environmental control system and
through the air distribution ducts along both sides of the cabin walls. All controls needed for operation and
regulation of cabin pressurization are mounted on the lower left side of the instrument panel, along with
instruments to simplify the setting and checking of system operation. Both the cabin altitude and rate-of-climb
adjustments are made by the pilot, through the use of the cabin altitude selector and the rate-of-change
control. This unit is operated pneumatically from the vacuum supply. The rate of ascent or descent is variable
from 175 125feet per minute to 2500 500 feet per minute. A three position electrical dump switch is incor-
porated into the system to unload cabin pressure. A squat switch on the left main landing gear prevents the
cabin from being pressurized while the airplane is on the ground.
13-175. PRESSURIZATION CONTROLS. The controls and instruments used to operate the pressuriza-
tion system are grouped together to simplify operation. The cabin altitude and rate-of-change are controlled
by use of the cabin altitude selector and the cabin rate-of-change control respectively. The altitude instrument
indicates cabin pressure altitude in feet. and the rate-of-climb instrument indicates the rate in feet per minute
of cabin altitude change The cabin differential pressure gauge indicates the difference between the cabin
interior and the outside atmosphere. A differential pressure warning light unit system to warn the pilot if the
cabin differential pressure exceeds the limit specified for the aircraft (refer to Table XIII-XI for the differential
pressure switch settings). An electrical dump switch having three positions (dump. normal and test) is
incorporated in the system to unload cabin pressure rapidly. The aircraft is not approved for landing with the
cabin pressurized. A squat switch on the left main landing gear prevents the cabin from being pressurized
while the aircraft is on the ground. When testing the pressurization system before takeoff. select the test
position on the dump switch. This will override the squat switch to allow testing of the system.
NOTE
Any service to the pressurization system should be accomplished by

a shop which is equipped and has qualified personnel to perform this
service.
Revised: 4/25/83 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLSYSTEM

1703
FILTER
VOLUME
TANK
FITTING
CABIN ALTITUDE
SELECTOR KNOB
CABIN RATE
DUMP/TEST SWITCH OUTFLOW VALVE CONTROLLER
CONTROL
SELECTOR
AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL
KNOB
SYSTEM
CABINPRESSURE RATE PRESSURE
REFERENCE PRESSURE AIRCRAFT

VACUUMPRESSURE
DISCHARGE PRESSURE TRUE STATIC FACE VIEW OF CONTROLLER

PRESSURE
FILTER
PORT"1"
TRUE STATIC SAFETY VALVE OUTFLOW VALVE

ATMOSPHERE
ATMOSPH ERE VALVE TRUE STATIC
ATMOSPHERE
Figure 13-64. Cabin Pressure Control System Schematic (Garrett)

5H4
1 PNEUMATIC SYSTEM PRESSURE GAUGE 30. FREON SUCTION LINE

2. PRESSURIZED AIR BLEED PORT 31 COMPRESSOR
3. TEST/DUMP SWITCH (MANUAL OVERRIDE) 32. INTERCOOLER AIR INLET
4 CABIN ALTITUDE SELECTOR 33. INTERCOOLER ASSEMBLY
5 AMBIENT AIR INLET 34. DEICER BOOT
6 INTERCOOLER ASSEMBLY 35 CONDENSER
7 CABIN RATE OF CLIMB GAUGE 36 JET PUMP WITH CHECK VALVE
8 CABIN DIFFERENTIALPRESSURE AND CABIN 37. VENTILATIONDUCT
ALTITUDE GAUGE 38. PRESSURIZED AIR CONTROL BOX ASSEMBLY
9 PRESSURIZED AIR BLEED PORT 39 OVERBOARD DUMP
10 OUTSIDE AIR BOX ASSEMBLY 40 EJECTOR
11 RECIRCULATIONFAN 41. CHECK VALVES
13 EVAPORATOR 43. REGULATORS
14 EXPANSION VALVE 44. DEICE EJECTOR
15 EVAPORATOR CONTROL VALVE 45 VALVE(2 WAY)
16 RECEIVERDEHYDRATOR 46. VALVE(3 WAY)
17 HEATER 47. LINE(TO DOOR SEAL)
18 RESONATOR _ 48. LINE(TO EMPENNAGE DEICER BOOTS)
19 FRESH AIR DISTRIBUTION LINE 49 VACUUM REGULATOR
20 TEMPERATE AIR DISTRIBUTIONLINE 50 ISOBARIC VALVE
21 AUX VOLUME TANK 51 SAFETYVALVE
22. SOLENOID VALVE 52 FILTER
23 RECIRCULATINGAIR INTAKE 53 STATIC VENT LINE
24 TEMPERATE AIR DISTRIBUTIONBOX ASSY 54. DEICER BOOT
25 AMBIENT AIR INLET 55 STATIC VENT LINE
26 CABIN ALTITUDECONTROL ASSEMBLY 56 CABIN DIFFERENTIALPRESSURE WARNING
27 FILTER SWITCH
28 PRESSURIZED AND OUTSIDE AIR CONTROL 57 LOW PRESSURE SWITCH
LEVER 58 TURN AND BANK INDICATOR
29 FREON PRESSURE LINE 59 FILTER
Figure 13-65. Pressurization System Schematic (Garrett)

5H5 PA-31T and PA-31T1
13-176. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS.

a. The following steps should be performed before takeoff to insure proper functioning of the
pressurizationsystem:
1. Set cabin altitude selector above field elevation(500 feet).
3. Set engine power levers to obtain 70% compressor speed.
4. Activate the test switch to bypass the landing gear squat switch (test position).
NOTE
Hold test switch and observe the cabin rate-of-climb instrument

for a descent indication. Within 10 seconds a slight rate of descent
should be indicated on the instrument and then returning to zero
which indicates a normally operating system.
5. Release the test switch. This will automatically return to the "Normal" position and stop
the pressurization of the cabin. The landing gear squat switch will cause the safety valve to open and release
the cabin pressure.
b. Takeoff and letdown procedures are as follows:
1. Set cabin altitude selector above field elevation (500 feet).
3. After the cabin begins to pressurize, select the cruise altitude desired and adjust the cabin
rate-of-climb as desired.
4. Before descending, reset the cabin altitude selector to field elevation plus 500 feet.
5. Adjust the rate-of-change control for a comfortable rate of descent.
NOTE
For a normal letdown, select the 12 o'clock position on the rate

knob. For rapid descents, a higher setting should be selected.
13-177. CABIN PRESSURIZATION CHECK. A pressurization check should be conducted whenever 5.30
to 5.50 psi cabin differential cannot be maintained at 70% compressor Ng speed and/or during every 500
hour inspection. The major areas to be considered when troubleshooting the pressurization system are
a. The engines and bleed system.
b. The cabin pressurization control system.
c. The pressurized vessel of the fuselage.
There are two methods of performing these checks, one is a flight check the other is with the use of a
special test unit which can be purchased through Piper Aircraft Corporation. The test unit makes it possible
to perform checks b and c in the hanger or shop without operating the engines. During check a, a normal
system will show a momentary rise in cabin altitude followed by a return to a stable condition on the
rate-of-climb indicator when the engines are both throttled to 70% compressor Ng speed. In order to check
the functions of each element in the cabin pressure control system for malfunctions, the aircraft must be
flown.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H6
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
NOTE
pressure bulkheads. These vent ports must remain open and should
not be closed off in any way.
13-178. PRESSURIZATION CHECK WITH TEST UNIT. (Refer to Figures 13-53 and 13-54.) The
following pressurization test procedure is used to determine if the aircraft fuselage has an acceptable
leakage rate. A pressurization test unit as shown in referenced figures will be required to perform the
pressurization test.
1. Remove the access panel on the left inboard side of the right nacelle.
2. Remove the trim panel in front of the isobaric valve and disconnect the control line from the isobaric
valve.
CAUTION
DO NOT disconnect the control line from the safety valve.
3. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
4. Move the pressurization control lever to the pressurized position.
b. Test Unit Hookup
1. Disconnect the pneumatic line rubber hose connection at nacelle station 121.5 and connect
the instrument air line from the test unit to the pneumatic line that goes back through the nacelle. Plug the
other side of the pneumatic line. (Refer to Figure 13-54. Sketch A.)
2. Disconnect and remove the fresh air distribution tube from the air distribution box. Cap the
hose from the distribution box with a cap plug fabricated per Figure 13-55.
3. Connect the pneumatic or pressurizing air line from the test unit to the distribution tube at
the forward pressure bulkhead per Figure 13-54. Make the connection using a fabricated reducer as shown
in Figure 13-56.
4. Remove the protective plug from the fitting identified by the placard stating "Cabin
Pressure Test" located on the forward pressure bulkhead (station 81). Connect the cabin reference line
from the test unit to the fitting. (Refer to Figure 13-54.
5. Connect the test unit to a source of pressurized shop air and electrical power.
1. Deactivate all circuit breakers of operable systems except the cabin pressure control and
door seal circuit breakers. Turn on the aircraft electrical power to activate the cabin door seal system.
2. If the airplane has not been placed on jacks, it will be necessary to disconnect electrical
power to the vacuum relief solenoid, located above the copilot's rudder pedals behind the instrument panel,
to allow the safety valve to close.
3. Set the pneumatic system pressure on the test unit with the regulator control knob to 20
psi. A readjustment may be necessary after door seal inflation of 10 seconds.
4. Turn the flow rate valve knob to the full bypass position, thus allowing the machine to be
turned on, then start it.
5. Turn the flow rate knob in, to maintain a 2000 foot per minute rate of descent on the rate
change indicator. Allow the cabin differential pressure to rise to 5.0 psi.
NOTE


5H7 PA-31T and PA-31TI
6. When 5.0 psi is reached on the cabin differential gauge, decrease the main flow rate by
rotating the flow rate knob until the cabin rate of change gauge indicates zero.
7. Maintain 5.0 psi cabin differential and zero on the rate of change gauge by use of the
regulator control on the test unit.
8. Observe the leak rate on the flow gauge. The maximum reading is from 50 to 57 CFM.
NOTE
The reading of the flow gauge on the old unit is taken from the top
of the float in the gauge.
9. A reading over 50 to 57 CFM on the flow gauge would indicate a bad leak or series of leaks
in the pressure vessel which would require repair.
NOTE
pressure bulkheads which must remain open.
10. After all checks are completed, bring the cabin back down to standard pressure by slowly
closing or unscrewing the large flow rate knob. If no one is inside the cabin, a 6000 foot per minute change
is okay, otherwise do not exceed a 2000 foot per minute change for purposes of comfort of the individual
inside.
CAUTION
The machine cannot be turned off while there is a pressure

differential in the cabin for purposes of rapid depressurization;
however if the machine is unplugged, the latter result will occur
causing serious discomfort to anyone that may be within the
cabin.
11. When the checks have been completed, disconnect all the various test unit connections from
the aircraft and reconnect the original plumbing.
WARNING
Ascertain that the control line is reconnected to the isobaric valve

and the protective plug installed over the instrument reference
fitting. Reconnect electrical power to the vacuum relief solenoid.
12. Replace the access panels, trim panels and engine cowling.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H8
13-179. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM CHECKOUT PROCEDURE. The following procedure has been
established to systematically check the function of each element of the cabin pressure control system. so that
any single or combination of component malfunctions may be safely detected and corrected. Should a mal-
function be detected it is imperative that the malfunction be corrected before continuing to the next step.
13-180. GROUND CHECK.

a. Select outside air source and the normal position of the dump switch prior to engine start up.
b. Set engine power levers to obtain 52% compressor speed.
c. Set cabin altitude selector above field elevation (500 feet).
NOTE
The isobaric and safety valves should both be wide open. This will
establish function of the isobaric and safety valves, vacuum supply.
solenoid valve, and integrity of the vacuum line. control line and
dump line.
d. Select the test position on the dump switch.
NOTE
The safety valve must close in less than 12 seconds, which indicates
a clear safety valve filter and operation of the test mode of the dump
switch.
13-181. FLIGHT OPERATIONS.

a. Select pressurized air source
b. Select 5000 feet cabin altitude on the cabin altitude controller.
c After takeoff, to check the function of the dump mode perform the following steps
I Select the dump position on the dump switch.
2. Establish a flight altitude of 4500 feet. Both isobaric and safety valves should be wide open.
d. To assure operation of cabin altitude control. rate operation, volume tank and tank line integrity
perform the following steps:
1. Select the Normal position on the dump switch: the safety valve should be in the closed
position.
2. Select the 12 o'clock position on the rate knob
3. Slowly rotate the cabin altitude selector knob to 3.000 feet. The isobaric valve should fall
toward its seat.
WARNING
Operator should not exceed 2.000 feet per minute.
4. Select the sea level position on the cabin altitude selector knob and rotate the cabin rate
control knob counterclockwise to its stop and note a cabin rate of climb between -50 and -300 feet per minute.

5H9
e. To assure for differential control perform the followingsteps:

1. When the cabin altitude reaches sea level, climb to, but do not exceed, 14,000feet; note the
cabin altitude at approximately 1,000feet and the pressure differential gauge at 5.5 psi.
2. Install a small C-clamp on the isobaric valve ambient sense line and close off the soft rubber
tube.
NOTE
The cabin altitude should not change morethan 400 feet.This shows
the capability of differential control of the safety valve.
3. Remove the C-clamp from the isobaric valve ambient sense line.
4. Install the C-clamp on the safety valve ambient sense line and close off the rubber tube.
NOTE
The cabin altitude should not change more than 400 feet. This shows
operation of the isobaric valve assembly.
5. Remove the C-clamp from the safety valve ambient sense line.

1706
PORT "2" DEPRESSURIZATION CONNECTION
BASE ASSEMBLY
DIAPHRAGM SUPPORT
POPPETVALVE RETURN
SPRING
NOISE SUPPRESSION
SCREEN
PORT "1" TRUE STATIC ATMOSPHERE
CONNECTION WITH ORIFICE
CABIN AIR FILTER WITH ORIFICE.
NOTE: THIS PORT PLUGGED ON ISOBARIC VALVE ONLY.
Figure 13-66. Safety or Isobaric Valve Schematic

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5Hll
13-182. DUMP SOLENOID VALVE FUNCTION. The aircraft is equipped with an electrical dump switch
which activates the vacuum relief solenoid valve. This applies a vacuum to fully open the safety valve, allowing
rapid equalization of the cabin to ambient pressure differential.
13-183. ISOBARIC VALVE FUNCTION. Three states of operation exist for the isobaric valve in flight,
they are: open, modulating and closed. The isobaric valve is controlled by the isobaric controller which is an
adjustable aneroid controlled orifice, that applies a vacuum ifthe controller setting is above the cabin altitude.
The open state in flight, with full cabin flow, results in an unpressurized cabin.
The modulated state occurs as the cabin pressure altitude passes through the controller setting.
The closed state occurs when the cabin inflow is less than the cabin leak rate.
13-184. SAFETY VALVE FUNCTION. The safety valve is closed during isobaric control, and opens to
control at normal full differential.
NOTE
Check aircraft logbook for compliance with the latest revision of

Garrett Airesearch Service Bulletin No. 52243.
13-185. ISOBARIC AND SAFETY VALVE COMBINED FUNCTION. The isobaric valve is the normal
pressure regulating valve while in flight, and limits the cabin pressure differential at the safety set point, where
as the safety valve is used for backup pressure relief control at the safety set point.
Both the isobaric and safety valves in the system are designed to open automatically and fully when a
negative pressure differential of .43 psi (7" H20) is applied.
The combined capacity of both valves is such that the failure of any one valve would not allow cabin
pressure differential to exceed 5.5 psi.
13-186. ISOBARIC AND/OR SAFETY VALVE REMOVAL.

a. Remove the trim panel in front of the safety and isobaric valves located in the rear pressure bulk-
head.
b. Remove the access panel on the left side of the tail section just aft of the entrance door if the isobaric
valve is being removed or remove the access panel on the right side if the safety valve is being removed.
c. Disconnect the lines to the valve being removed.
d. Reaching through the tail section access hole, remove the small access plate behind the valve being
removed.
e. Working through this small access hole, remove the three locknuts which secure the valve to be
removed.
13-187. ISOBARIC AND/OR SAFETY VALVE INSTALLATION.

a. Position the valve being installed onto the shelf in the rear pressure bulkhead.
b. Working through the small access opening in the rear of the pressure bulkhead install the three
locknuts which hold the valve in place and tighten to metal contact and then backing off 1/4 turn.
c. Install the small access plate on the rear of the pressure bulkhead.
d. Install the access plate removed from the side of the tail section.
e. Connect the lines removed from the valve.
f. Install the trim panel in front of the valves after making sure acoustical material is in good condi-
tion.

13-188. ISOBARIC AND SAFETY VALVE CLEANING. Routine maintenance of components of the
cabin pressure control system is limited to the replacement of the filter in the cabin air pressure safety valve and
cleaning of seats in the isobaric and safety valves. Clean the seats of the isobaric and safety valves thoroughly,
using Joy detergent or isopropyl alcohol every 100 hours.
NOTE
There is a tobacco tar filter installed on the safety valve and isobaric
controller. This is a disposable type filter and must be replaced every
500 hours of normal use. Refer to Parts Catalog for part number of
replacement filter.
13-189. SAFETY VALVE FILTER REPLACEMENT.

a. Remove the trim panel in front of the safety and isobaric valves located in the rear pressure bulk-
head.
b. Unscrew the filter from the valve.
c. Screw on replacement filter hand tight only. Overtorque will break the plastic valve.
d. Install the trim panel in front of the valves.
13-190. CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER.
13-191. REMOVAL OF CONTROLLER.

a. Disconnect the lines from the rear of the cabin altitude controller assembly. Cap the open parts of
the lines and fittings to prevent dust from entering the system.
b. Remove the three screws which secure the selector to the instrument panel.
c. Remove the controller by lifting the assembly from the rear of the instrument panel.
13-192. INSTALLATION OF CONTROLLER.

a. Position the controller into the instrument panel cutout from the forward side of the panel.
b. Secure the controller to the instrument panel with three screws
c. Remove the protective caps from the lines and fittings of the selector and connect the lines to the
fittings on the rear of the controller.
13-193. CONTROLLER FILTER REPLACEMENT. There is a tobacco tar filter installed in the pres-
surization system behind the controller. This is a disposable type filter which must be replaced every 500 hours
of normal use. Refer to the Parts Catalog for part number of replacement filter.
b. Remove the filter from behind the controller and discard.
c. Install the new filter in place.
5H13
1704
AIRCRAFT VACUUM OUTFLOW VALVE CABIN AIR FILTER
AUXILIARY VOLUME
TANK CONNECTION CONNECTOR
REFERENCE PRESSURE
METERING VALVE RATE DIAPHRAGM
METERING VALVE
FOLLOWER SPRING
RATE SPRING
RATE CONTROL VALVE
SEALING DIAPHRAGM
CHECK VALVE
ABSOLUTE BELLOWS RATE CONTROL VALVE

POSITION ACTUATOR
CABIN AIR SENSE PORT
ACTUATOR
CABIN ALTITUDE
SELECTOR KNOB CABIN CONTROL
SELECTOR KNOB
CABIN PRESSURE
RATE PRESSURE
REFERENCE PRESSURE
AIRCRAFT VACUUM PRESSURE
FACE VIEW OF CONTROLLER
Figure 13-67. Cabin Air Pressure Outflow Valve Controller Schematic

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H14
TABLE XIII-XII .TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM)
Cabin will not pressurize. Blocked safety valve cabin Replace filter and check
air filter or orifice. orifice.
Blocked controller cabin air Clean filter and check orifice

filter with orifice. on controller.
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace.

isobaric valve.
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace.

safety valve.
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace

Defective landing gear safety Remove and replace switch.

switch.
Defective dump/test switch. Replace switch.
No pressure to door seal. Check and repair door seal.
Excessive leakage in pres- Locate leak and tighten

surization ducts. connections.
Excessive cabin leakage. Locate and repair leak.
Solenoid valve malfunctions Replace valve.

Valve on pressurized air Adjust or lubricate valve or

control box won't close. control linkage.
Valve on outside air control; Adjust or lubricate valve or

box won't close. control linkage.
Cabin pressurizes to full Vacuum tube not connected Connect vacuum tube.
positive differential pressure to controller.
after takeoff.
Malfunction in aircraft Check aircraft vacuum

vacuum supply. supply.
Rupture in volume tank. Replace tank.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H15
TABLE XIII-XII .TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM) (cont)
Cabin pressurizes to full Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace valve.
positive differential pressure isobaric valve.
after takeoff. (cont)
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace con-
controller. troller.
Cabin altitude decreases Low aircraft vacuum supply. Check aircraft vacuum
below selected altitude. supply.
Minor leak in tube between Remove and replace tube or

controller and volume tank volume tank.
or in volume tank.

controller and isobaric valve isobaric valve.
or in isobaric valve.
Minor leak in the controller. Remove and replace con-

troller.
Minimum rates unbalanced, Minor leak in tube between Remove and replace tube or
down rate faster than up controller and volume tank volume tank.
rate. or in volume tank.

troller.
Higher unpressurized opera- Solenoid valve malfunction Replace valve.

tion before takeoff and after in the closed position.
landing.
Landing gear switch or Remove and replace switch.

test/dump switch malfunc-
tion in the open position.
Broken wiring to the vacuum Repair wiring.

relief solenoid.
Loose or damaged pneumatic Check tube connections or

tube between solenoid valve replace damaged tube.
and safety valve.
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace valve.

safety valve.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H16
TABLE XIII-XII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM) (cont)
Cabin exceeds full positive True static atmosphere tube Securely connect true static
differential calibrated not connected on isobaric atmosphere tube on isobaric
setting. valve and safety valve. valve and safety valve.
Loose or damaged pneumatic Repair or replace tubing.

tubing from port "1" of
safety and isobaric valve to
atmosphere.
Cabin climbs and descends Internal malfunction in Remove and replace con-
at a fixed rate regardless of controller. troller.
rate selection.
Cabin rate exceeds selected Malfunction in controller. Remove and replace con-
rate valve during aircraft troller.
climb to cruise altitude.
Defective cabin rate of climb Remove and replace indica
indicator. tor.
Cabin pressure rapidly Malfunction in controller. Remove and replace con-

increases or decreases with troller.
reselection of cabin altitude.
Cabin altitude exceeds Loss of airflow into cabin. Repair or replace.

selected value.
Internal malfunction in Remove and replace valve.

isobaric valve.

safety valve.
Internal malfunction in Remove and replace con-

Excessive cabin leak rate. Seal leaks.
Cabin pressure will not Dump valve partially open. Close valve; adjust valve
maintain control setting. control cables.
Defective isobaric control Remove and replace valve.

valve.
Defective safety valve. Remove and replace valve.

5H17
Cabin pressure will not Defective pressurized air Remove or repair valve.
maintain control setting. dump valve.
(cont)
Defective cabin altitude Remove and replace cabin

controller. altitude controller.
Pressurization duct leakage. Locate leak and tighten

connection.
Cabin leakage. Locate and repair leak.
Defective cabin altitude Remove and replace gauge.

pressure gauge.
Foreign matter on isobaric Clean valve seats.

control valve or safety valve
seats.

Cabin pressure excessively Isobaric static line clogged. Clean static line.
high.
Defective cabin over pressure Remove and replace switch.

switch.

pressure gauge.

clogged.
Cabin door unsafe light will Latching relay sticking in the Lubricate the mechanical
not go out. open position. parts (sparingly) with "Glide
Air" or equivalent.
Switch or switches in door Adjust per Section XI.

frame out of adjustment.
Defective pressure switch. Replace switch.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H18
Cabin door unsafe light will Circuit breaker open. Reset circuit breaker.
not come on.
Broken wire or loose Check wiring and repair.

connection.
No pressure to door seal. Leak in door seal pressure Check and repair door seal
system. pressure system.

PA-31T and PA-31T1
5H19
5H20 THRU 5L24
AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD6 OF8
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2, 1984
PARTNUMBER
753826 6A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997

PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
PA-31TI, CHEYENNE I
Example: 2J16 Aerofiche card number two of given set, Grid location J 16.
AEROFICHEEXPLANATIONAND REVISIONSTATUS(cont)
Revision PublicationDate AeroficheCardEffectivity
CR810206 February 6, 1981 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
IR860220 February 20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30,1986 3
IR860821 August 21, 1986 1
IR871009 June 15, 1988 2
IR900313 March 13, 1990 1
IR941019 October 19, 1994 1 and 2
IR950320 March 20, 1995 1
IR971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
* INTERIM REVISION TO SERVICE MANUAL753-826

Revisionsappear in all eight Aerofichecards. Discardyour entireexisting
Aerofichecard set (Cards 1 - 8) and replaceit with the revisedAerofiche
card set (Cards I - 8) dated 10/15/97.
manual.

SECTIONINDEX
SECTION AEROFICHECARDNO. 1 GRIDNO.
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
II HANDLINGANDSERVICING 1A22
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROFICHECARDNO. 2
VII LANDINGGEARANDBRAKESYSTEM 2D19
VIII POWERPLANT( PA-31TANDPA-31T1) 2111
AEROFICHECARDNO. 3
IX FUELSYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARDNO.4
AEROFICHE CARDNO.5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
(PA-31TANDPA-31T1) 5B1
AEROFICHECARDNO. 6
XIIIA CONTROLSYSTEM(PA-31T2)
ENVIRONMENTAL 6A8
XIV ANDUTILITIES
ACCESSORIES 6C1
AEROFICHECARDNO.7
XV ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS
( PA-31TANDPA-31T1) 7A5
AEROFICHE
CARDNO. 8
XVA ELECTRICAL
SCHEMATICS
(PA-31T2) 8A5
6A4
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
13A-1. Cabin Pressure Control System Schematic ......................................................... 6A11

13A-2. Cabin Pressurization (PA-31T2) ................. ................ ............ .......... 6A12
13A-3. Safety and Outflow Valves ................... ................................. 6A14
13A-4. Cabin Air Pressure Outflow Valve Controller .................. ...............................6A15
13A-5. Fabricated Reducer Pressure Test Adapter ......................................................... 6A17
13A-6. Cabin Pressure Test Unit (Typical).................................................................. 6A17
13A-7. Pressurization Test Hookup .......................................................................... 6A18
13A-8. Cabin Altitude Vs. Airplane Altitude ......... ................................................... 6A23
13A-8a. Door Seal System .......................................................................... 6B2
13A-9. Environmental Control System ................................................. 6B9
13A-10. Cabin Pressurization and Bleed Air System Schematic ........................................... 6B11
13A- 1. ECS Test Harness Extension ............................. 6B 19
13A-12. Cabin Comfort ......... ............................................................................ 6B20
14-1. Oxygen System Installation (PA-31T and PA-31TI) ......... ..................................... 6C7
14-2. Oxygen System Installation (PA-31T2) ............. .................................... 6C8
14-3. Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicer System ................................................. 6C 15
14-4. Electrical Diagram Showing Cycle Sequence ......... ........................................ 6C16
14-7. Electrical Diagram Showing Cycle Sequence ...................................................... 6C17
14-8. Suggested Use of Dial Indicator ..................................................................... 6C21
14-9. Centering of Brushes on Slip Rings ................................................................. 6C22
14-10. Brush Block Assembly ............................................... .......................... 6C23
14-11. Angle of Contact-Brushes to Slip Rings ............................................................ 6C24
14-12. Brush Module Assembly (3E2011) .................................................................. 6D
14-13. Alternate Module S tacking Arrangement ......................................................... 6DI
14-14. Modular Brush Assembly (3E2044-1) ............................................................. 6D1
14-15. Wiring Diagram, Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicing System .......... .................6D3
14-16. Repair of Lead Strap ............................ ............................................... 6D5
14-17. Propeller Deicer Installation ............................................... .................... D6
14-18. Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicer Installation ........................................................... 6D7
14-19. Sealer Application ( Prop Boot) .................................................................... 6D14
14-20. Sealer Application (Lead Strap) ......................................... ................... 6D14
14-21. Terminal Clamp Assembly ........................................................................... 6D14
14-22. Wrinkled Deicers ..................................................................................... 6D15
14-23. Propeller Blade in Feather Position ............................................................... 6D20
14-24. Pneumatic Deicer System Installation ............................ ......... .............6E6
14-25. Pneumatic Deicer Boots Operation.................................................................. 6E8
14-26. Pneumatic Deicer System Schematic ......... .................... .....................
6E8
14-27. Marking and Cutting Scuff ................................................................... 6E15
14-28. Routing Scuff ......... ............................................................................ 6E15
14-29. Buffing Edge of Repair ............................................................................... 6E16
14-30. Hole Through Surface of Tube ............................. ............ ................... 6E16
Revised: 7/2/84
6A5
(cont.)
Aerofiche
Figure Grid No.
14-31. Routing to Tube Fabric ................................................... . .6E17

.............
14-32. Cutting Surface of Tube ............................................... ........................... 6E17
14-33. Cementing Buffed Area and Patch .................................................................. 6E 8
14-34. Applying and Stitching Fabric ....................................................................... 6E18
14-35. Placing and Stitching Gum ........................................................................... 6E19
14-36. Removing Trapped Air ............................................................... 6E19
14-37. Masking Repair ....................................................................................... 6E20
14-38. Applying Neoprene Putty ............................................................................ 6E20
14-39. Propeller Synchronizer Installation ........................................................ 6F5
14-40. Propeller Synchronizer Schematic ............................................................... 6F8
14-41. Propeller Synchronizer Rigging (Left Engine Only) .............................................. 6F10
14-42. Trimmer Assembly ................................................................................... 6F11
14-43. Test Instrument T-46192 ........................................... ............... 6F14
14-44. Propeller Synchrophaser Installation (Woodward Type 1) ........................................ 6F18
14-45. Propeller Synchrophaser Diagram (Woodward Type 1) ........................................... 6F22
14-46. Propeller Synchrophaser Rigging (Left Engine Only) ............................................. 6F24
14-47. Trimmer Assembly ................................................................................... 6G
14-48. 10 Pin to 8 Pin Plug Adapters, P/N 5401-018 ...................................................... 6G4
14-49. Test Instrument, WT 46192 ................................................. ..... 6G5
14-50. Propeller Synchrophaser Installation (Woodward Type 11)....................................... 6G9
14-51. Propeller Synchrophaser Diagram (Woodward Type 11).......................................... 6G 13
14-52. Engine Fire Detectors ................................................................................ 6G19
14-53. Engine Fire Control System ......................................................................... 6G21
14-54. Engine Fire Extinguisher .......................................... ............................. 6G22
14-APP-1 Determining Depth of Craze ................... ............................ .................... . 6H3
14-APP-2 Visual Inspection......................................................................................6H6
14-APP-3 Crack Limitations ................... 6H.......................................
LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No.
XIIIA-I. Cabin Differential Pressure Switch Specifications ......... .................................... 6A21

XIIIA-IA. Troubleshooting (PA-31T2 Pressurization System) ............................................ 6B3
XIIIA-II. Troubleshooting (PA-31T2 Environmental Control System) .................................. 6B16
XIV-I. Oxygen System Components Limits ......... ................... ......... ..............6C9
XIV-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Oxygen System)......... ................... ....................... 6C11
XIV-III. Power Requirement for 28 VDC System ....................................................... 6D3
XIV-IV. Required Materials for Repair of Deicers ................. ..................................
6D9
XIV-V. Electrical Resistance .............................................................................. 6D16
XIV-VA. Electrical Resistance-Lip Deicer (S/N 31T-8304001 and up) .................................. 6D16
XIV-VB. Lip Deicer-Temperature/Sensor Check .................. .. ................................
6D17
XIV-VI. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine Deicer System) ............................ ....................6D22
XIV-VII. Operating Pressures ............................................................................... 6E7
XIV-VIII. Materials and Supplies for Cold Repairs ........................................................ 6E10
XIV-IX. Materials for Vulcanized Repairs ................................................................ 6E12
XIV-X. Equipment and Tools for Vulcanized Repairs ................................................... 6E14
XIV-XI. Troubleshooting Pneumatic Deicer System ............................ ........................ 6F2
XIV-XII. Synchronizer Wiring Test ......... .................... ....................... 6F6
XIV-XIII. Aircraft Wiring Check with Actuator Removed........... ........... ...........................
6F12
XIV-XIV. Troubleshooting Chart (Actuator) ............................. ................ ........... 6F13
XIV-XV. Troubleshooting Chart (Propeller Synchronizer) ............................................... 6F15
XIV-XVI. Synchrophaser Wiring Test (Woodward Type 1) ....................... ........................ 6F 9
XIV-XVII. Bench Testing the Actuator ....................................................................... 6G3
XIV-XVIII. Troubleshooting Chart (Actuator) ................................................................ 6G4
XIV-XIX. Troubleshooting Chart (Propeller Synchrophaser) (Woodward Type 1) ......... .............6G6
XIV-XX. Synchrophaser Wiring Test (Woodward Type 11) .............................................. 6G11
XIV-XXI. Magnetic Pickup Voltage Output Test .......................................................... 6G12
XIV-XXII. Troubleshooting Chart (Propeller Synchrophaser) (Woodward Type 11) ..................... 6G17
XIV-XXIII. Pressure Temperature Correction ......... ........................................... 6G22
Revised: 7/2/84 6A7

SECTION XIIIA
PA-31T2
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
13A-1. Introduction .............................................................. 6A 10

13A-2. Description and Operation .................................................. 6A10
13A-3. Troubleshooting ........................................................... 6A 10
13A-4. Pressurization ............................................................. 6A10
13A-5. Pressurization Control ...................................... . . 6A 13
13A-6. Components Detailed Description ................................... 6A 13
13A-7. Cabin Depressurization (Dump) Procedure ........................... 6A 16
13A-8. Pressurization Check with Test Unit ................................. 6A 16
13A-9. Pressurization System Checkout Procedure ................................... 6A20
13A-10. Safety Precautions ................................................ 6A20
13A-11. Ground Check .................................................... 6A22
13A-12. Flight Operations ...................... ......................... 6A22
13A-13. DELETED ......................................................
13A-14. DELETED ........................................
13A-15. Outflow and/or Safety Valve Removal .............................. 6A24
13A-16. Outflow and/or Safety Valve Installation .......................... 6A24
13A-17. Outflow and Safety Valve Cleaning ................................. 6A24
13A-18. Removal of Controller ..................................................... 6B1
13A-19. Installation of Controller .......................................... 6BI
13A-20. Controller Filter Replacement ...................................... 6BI
13A-20a. Door Seal System ......................................................... 6BI
13A-20b. Description of Door Seal System ................................... 6BI
13A-21. Environmental Control Unit .................... ............................ 6BI
13A-22. Troubleshooting ..................... ............................. 6B I
13A-23. Component Detailed Description ................................... 6B10
13A-24. Removal of Pressure Regulator and Shutoff Valve .................... 6B10
13A-25. Installation of Pressure Regulator and Shutoff Valve .................. 6B12
13A-26. Removal of Bleed Air Supply Overpressure Switch .................... 6B12
13A-27. Installation of Bleed Air Supply Overpressure Switch .................. 6B12
13A-28. Removal of Compressor Discharge Overtemperature Sensing Switch ..... 6B12
13A-29. Installation of Compressor Discharge Overtemperature Sensing Switch .. 6B12
13A-30. Removal of Water Separator ....................................... 6B13
13A-31. Cleaning, Inspection and Repairs of Water Separators ................. 6B13
13A-32. Installation of Water Separator ..................................... 6B13
13A-33. Removal of Ground Cooling Fan ................................... 6B13
13A-34. Installation of Ground Cooling Fan ................................. 6B13
13A-35. Cooling Turbine .................................................. 6B13
13A-36. Cooling Turbine Check ............................................ 6B14
13A-37. Heating and Cooling ....................................................... 6B14
13A-38. Cabin Temperature Control System ................................. 6B14
13A-39. Description of Operation .......................................... 6B14

6A8 PA-31T2
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
13A-40. Troubleshooting ......... ...................... ........... 6B14

13A-41. Component Detailed Descriptions and Locations ..................... 6B14
13A-42. Removal of Hot Air Bypass Valve .................................. 6B15
13A-43. Installation of Hot Air Bypass Valve ................................ 6B15
13A-44. Removal of Duct Temperature Sensor ............................... 6B15
13A-45. Installation of Duct Temperature Sensor......... .................... 6B15
13A-46. Removal of Cabin Temperature-Sensor and Controller ................ 6B15
13A-47. Installation of Cabin Temperature Sensor and Controller .............. 6B15
13A-48. Removal of Recirculation Blowers .................................. 6B15
13A-49. Installation of Recirculation Blowers ................................ 6B15
13A-50. ECS Automatic Temperature Control Troubleshooting ................ 6B17

6A9 PA-31T2
SECTION XIIIA
PA-31T2
13A-1. INTRODUCTION. This section provides instructions for remedying difficulties which may arise in
the operation of the environmental control system. The instructions are organized so that the mechanic can
refer to: Principles of Operation, for a basic understanding of the systems; for a methodical approach in
locating the difficulty; Corrective Maintenance, for the removal, repair and installation of components; and
Adjustments and Tests, for the operation of the repaired system.
13A-2. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION. The environmental control system for this aircraft consists of
several units working together to furnish a means of pressurization, heating, cooling and dehumidification.
Bleed air from both engines is the prime source of energy to operate the environmental control unit
(ECU). This bleed air system consists of two parts: the ECU bleed air supply and the pneumatic air supply for
deicer boots and gyros. Description of each part follows:
ECU Bleed Air Supply System: The bleed air from each engine is supplied to the ECU through the bleed
air shutoff valve and a shrouded duct arrangement. These tubes join just aft of the main spar where check
valves are installed. This line then joins the pressure regulator valve and bypass control valve ahead of the
forward pressure bulkhead. The pressure regulator and shutoff valve controls the pressure and flow of bleed
air into the EC U located in the right hand equipment compartmentjust forward of fuselage station 57 pressure
bulkhead. The bypass valve supplies bleed air to the mixing valve during single engine operation. The
regulator valve is closed during single engine operation. Reference to Paragraph 13A-21 titled Heating and
Cooling will give a more detailed description of the various components which make up the heating and
cooling portion of the overall system.
Pneumatic Air Supply System: Bleed air is also used to operate the cabin pressure control system.
inflatable cabin door seal, surface deicer boots and pressure gyro system. This bleed air is taken off the engine
bleed air ducting at two places on the right side of the fuselage just aft of the main spar and are shrouded in H I
temperature silicone hoses. The left and right air taps join at a rolling ball check valve. Air is then directed into
a heat exchanger. A water separator collects water condensed in the system and dumps it overboard. Reference
to Paragraph 13A-4titled Pressurization will cover that portion of this system in more detailed. Reference to
Section XIV will cover the Deicer System and Section X will cover the Pressure Gyro System.
13A-3. TROUBLESHOOTING. Probable troubles peculiar to the pressurization system components

covered in this section are listed in Table XIIIA-I, along with their probable causes and suggested remedies.
After the trouble has been corrected, check the entire system for security and operation of its components.
13A-4. PRESSURIZATION. Pressurization air for the cabin originates from the engine bleed air port on
each engine. This bleed air is controlled by a solenoid shutoff valve operated by an ON-OFF switch on the
overhead engine switch panel. The bleed air is routed through shrouded annular ducts and check valves up to
the inlet of the ECU.
6A10
3072
Figure 13A-1. Cabin Pressure Control System Schematic

PA-31T2
6A11
3074
1. AUX. VOLUME TANK

2 SOLENOID VALVE TO VACUUM
3. FILTER
4 CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLLER
5 SAFETY VALVE
6. FILTER SAFETY VALVE
7 CABIN ALTITUDE AND CABIN DIFFERENTIAL
PRESSURE WARNING SWITCH
8 ISOBARIC VALVE
9. REAR PRESSUREBULKHEAD
10. VACUUM LINE
11 VACUUM LINETO SAFETYVALVE
12. FORWARD PRESSUREBULKHEAD
Figure 13A-2. Cabin Pressurization (PA-31T2)
Revised: 2/15/82 6A12 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

6A12 PA-31T2
13A-5. PRESSURIZATION CONTROL. The cabin pressure control system (refer to Figure 13A-1)
consists of the cabin outflow valve, cabin safety valve, cabin pressure controller, auxiliary volume tank, filter,
vacuum solenoid relief valve, cabin pressure test/dump switch, cabin differential pressure switch, cabin
absolute pressure switches and plumbing and wiring as required. Each of the above items will be given a
detailed description of operation following this general description of the cabin pressure control system.
The cabin safety valve is held open on the ground with the engines operating by a vacuum applied to the
control chamber of the safety valve. The deicer ejector provides a vacuum of approximately 4 inches mercury
referenced to ambient. Engine bleed air is supplied to the ejector to produce the required vacuum. This vacuum
holds the safety valve open while on the ground through the action of the landing gear squat switch, which
energizes the vacuum relief solenoid valve to open it. The cabin pressure control switch located on the lower
left instrument panel also controls the vacuum relief solenoid valve. This switch, when placed in the DUMP
position, energizes the vacuum solenoid and opens the safety valve. The switch has three positions, DUMP,
CABIN PRESS., and TEST. The test position bypasses the landing gear squat switch, thus permitting the
cabin to be pressurized on the ground for test purposes only. The normal position is CABIN PRESS. which
allows the system to be pressurized after takeoff.
The cabin pressure controller is mounted on the lower left instrument panel, and the auxiliary volume
tank and filter are located behind the instrument panel. The volume tank provides additional volume for the
rate pressure chamber in the controller, thus providing greater accuracy of the cabin rate-of-change control.
The air filter eliminates entry of tobacco tar and dust particles greater than .3 microns into the pneumatic
control elements of the controller.
The cabin outflow and safety valves, cabin absolute pressure switches and cabin differential pressure
switch are mounted on the aft pressure bulkhead.
13A-6. COMPONENTS DETAILED DESCRIPTION.

a. Cabin Outflow Valve: (Refer to Figure 13A-3.)
The outflow valve consists of two sections, a head section and a base section. The head section
contains port "2" (controller connection) and a plugged cabin air port. Mounted on the head is the
differential control, which contains port "1" (true static atmosphere connection with orifice). The
base assembly encloses a poppet outflow valve which seats on a surface of the base assembly when in
the closed position.
b. Cabin Safety Valve: (Refer to Figure 13A-3.)
The safety valve consists of two sections, a head section and a base section. The head section
contains port "2" depressurization connection and a cabin air filter with orifice. Mounted on the
head is a differential control which contains port "1" (true static atmosphere connection with
orifice). The base assembly encloses a poppet outflow valve which seats on a surface of the base
assembly when in the closed position.
c. Cabin Pressure Controller: (Refer to Figure 13A-4.)
The body of the controller is composed of three elements. The lower element forms a chamber which
is open to cabin pressure and houses the absolute bellows. It also is the face of the controller and has
the cabin altitude selector knob and the cabin rate control knob. The middle element, when
assembled to the lower element, completes the cabin pressure chamber and seals the cabin pressure
chamber from the rest of the controller with a sealing diaphragn. The opposite side of the middle
element forms a rate pressure chamber which houses the rate spring. The upper element, when
assembled to the rate diaphragn and other two elements, forms a reference pressure metering valve
and metering valve follower spring. This element also contains the various air connections for
installation of the controller into the cabin pressure control system.
d. Auxiliary Volume Tank:
This is a small sealed chamber located close to the controller and when connected to the controller,
provides additional volume to the rate pressure chamber in the controller, thus providing greater
accuracy of the cabin rate-of-control.

6A13 PA-31T2
1 NUT
G
ASKET
0 07
0085 IN
TYPICAL DIMENSION AFTER
0 385 IN INSTALLATION OF SHIM
0 485
HOLD THIS DIMENSION
DEPRESSURIZATION CONNECTION
INNER DIAPHRAGM
HEAD
CONTROL CHAMBER
DIFFERENTIAL CONTROL CALIBRATION SPRING
POPPETVALVE RETURN
SPRING
METERING VALVE-
DIFFERENTIAL CONTROL
DIAPHRAGM ASSEMBLY NOISE SUPPRESSION
SCREEN
PORT "1" TRUE STATIC ATMOSPHERE

CONNECTION WITH ORIFICE
CABIN AIR FILTERWITH ORIFICE

ON SAFETY VALVE ONLY
DISCHARGE PRESSURE
TRUE STATIC ATMOSPHERE VALVE COVER

E DIAPHRAGM
REFERENCE PRESSURE
CABIN PRESSURE THIS PORT PLUGGED ON OUTFLOW VALVE ONLY
Figure 13A-3. Safety and Outflow Valves

PA-31T2
6A14
1704
AUXILIARY VOLUME AIRCRAFT VACUUM OUTFLOW VALVE CABIN AIR FILTER

TANK CONNECTION CONNECTION CONNECTION CONNECTOR
WITH ORIFICE
RATE DIAPHRAGM
RATE CONTROL VALVE
SEALING DIAPHRAGM
RATE CONTROL VALVE

POSITION ACTUATOR
CABIN CONTROL
SELECTOR KNOB
CABIN PRESSURE S
RATE PRESSURE
REFERENCE
PRESSURE
AIRCRAFTVACUUMPRESSURE
Figure 13A-4. Cabin Air Pressure Outflow Valve Controller

6A15 PA-31T2
e. Air Filter:
The filter element is a cylindrical plug of treated paper fabric material, completely enclosed in a
thin aluminum case with perforations located around its circumference. The filter effectively
eliminates the entry of tobacco tar and dust particles greater than .3 micron in diameter into the
pneumatic control elements of the outflow valve controller.
f. Vacuum Relief Solenoid Valve:
This valve is normally closed and located between the vacuum ejector and the control line from the
cabin pressure controller to the safety valve. When energized, the vacuum provided by the ejector is
applied to the diaphragm of the safety valve, holding it open. The vacuum relief solenoid valve is
open under either of the following conditions:
I. On the ground with the landing gear squat switch energized.
2. In flight whenever the cabin dump switch is in the DUMP position.
g. Cabin Pressure Switches:
1. The Cabin Differential Pressure Switch provides a warning to the pilot by activating the
"CABIN PRESS." annunciator light when the cabin differential pressure exceeds that specified in Table
XIIIA-I.
2. Cabin absolute switch provides a warning to the pilot by lighting the "Cabin Pressure" caution
light on the pilot's annunciator panel if the cabin altitude exceeds 11.300 feet. This switch is located on the aft
pressure bulkhead.
13A-7. CABIN DEPRESSURIZATION (DUMP) PROCEDURE. The cabin pressure may need to be
dumped for a number of reasons and, in most cases, it is recommended that oxygen be turned ON and masks
donned before pressure is dumped. However, if"fire" is experienced or suspected, the oxygen should be turned
ON without the masks activated, until the cabin is depressurized. (Refer to "Emergency Oxygen System" for
the appropriate procedure.)
Depressurization can be accomplished in two ways. If pressure needs to be dumped in a hurry, the Cabin
Pressure control (Test/Dump switch) located on the cabin pressure control panel, should be switched to
DUMP. If urgency is not required, it is recommended that the emergency gear extender cover be lifted slowly
until pressure is unloaded, which will prevent a rapid discharge of pressure.
If the Cabin Pressure control (Test/Dump switch) has been moved to DUMP, monitor cabin altitude
after activation. Should cabin pressure not dump, lift the emergency gear extender cover as well. Pull the ECS
circuit breakers if necessary.
For fresh air ventilation move the Cabin Air control to OUTSIDE.
13A-8. PRESSURIZATION CHECK WITH TEST UNIT. (Refer to Figure 13A-6.) The following
pressurization test procedure is used to determine if the aircraft fuselage has an acceptable leaking rate. A
pressurization test unit as shown in referenced figures will be required to perform the pressurization test.
1. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section to permit access to the pressure
bulkhead at fuselage station 57.00.
2. Remove the access panels on the right and left side of the fuselage tail section at station 346.00.
3. Remove the trim panel at fuselage station 274.00 in front of the outflow and safety valves.
Remove the cotter pin and cap the ambient sense line from the outflow and safety valves.
4. Place the cabin air control in the pressurized position.
5. Position all circuit breakers to the OFF position, except the cabin pressure control, door seal
and annunciator/ warning light circuits which should be in the ON position.
6. Remove access plate and install an AN840-4D test fitting in the door seal solenoid valve at
fuselage station 203.00.
NOTE
If the airplane is not on jacks, disconnect the electrical power to the

vacuum relief solenoid valve.

PA-31T2
6A16
375
250
DIA
Figure 13A-5. Fabricated Reducer Pressure Test Adapter
1312
1. FLOW METER PRESSURE INDICATOR 7. CIRCUIT BREAKER 13. SIGHT GAUGE

2. RATE OF CLIMB INDICATOR 8. START BUTTON 14. INSTRUMENT AIR
3. RATE OF FLOW INDICATOR 9. STOP BUTTON 15. CABIN REFERENCE
4. CABIN DIFFERENTIALPRESSURE INDICATOR 10. AIR REGULATOR VALVE 16. PNEUMATIC AIR OR PRESS. AIR
5. INSTRUMENT AIR PRESSURE INDICATOR II. ELECTRICAL CONNECTION 17. SHOP AIR
6. FLOW RATE VALVE 12. FILLPORT
Figure 13A-6. Cabin Pressure Test Unit (Typical)

6A17 PA-31T2
Figure 13A-7. Pressurization Test Hookup

b. Test Unit Hookup: (Refer to Figure 13A-7.)

I. Connect the pneumatic line from the test unit titled "Cabin Reference" to the cabin pressure
test fitting. Remove the water separator inlet duct and connect the pressurized air supply hose from the test
unit using the reducer shown in Figure 13A-5.
NOTE
Insure all connections are made in a manner that prevents leakage.
2. Uncap the door seal test fitting underneath the fuselage near the cabin door to a pneumatic
hose and connect it to the door seal inflation hose from the test unit.
3. Turn on the aircraft electrical power to activate the warning light system.
4. Close the cabin door and inflate the door seal.
1. Turn on the aircraft electrical power to activate the warning light system.
2. Set the pneumatic system pressure on the test unit with the regulator control knob so that 18
psig is shown on the test unit door seal pressure gauge.
3. Connect the test unit to the proper voltage source. Turn the flow rate valve knob to the full
bypass position, thus allowing the machine to be turned ON.
NOTE
If a test unit other than the type covered in these instructions is used.
activate in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
4. Turn the flow control valve for cabin pressurization to maintain a 2000 foot per minute rate of
descent on the rate change indicator. Allow the cabin differential pressure to rise to 5.0 psi on the cabin
differential pressure gague (C.D.P.).
NOTE

5. When 5.0 psi is indicated on the C.D.P. gauge, rotate the flow control valve and decrease the
air flow rate until the "cabin rate of climb" gauge indicates zero.
6. Maintain 5.0 psi cabin differential pressure and zero rate of change.
7. Observe the leak rate on the test unit flow meter. The actual leakage rate in CFM should not
exceed 55.0 CFM. Refer to Chapter XIII for PA-31T and PA-31TI.
8. If the allowable leakage rate is exceeded, locate the leak using soap bubbles, mechanics
stethoscope or other appropriate method. Repair the leak and repressurize in accordance with the above
procedure.
CAUTION
Exercise caution during depressurization to avoid damage to the

aircraft, test unit or personnel. The test unit cannot be turned off
while there is a pressure differential in the cabin for purpose of rapid
depressurization, however if the machine is unplugged, the latter
results will occur, causing serious discomfort to anyone that may be
within the cabin.

PA-31T2
6A19
9. After completion of the leak rate test, proceed to check the annunciator/warning light system
as follows:
(a) Ascertain that the ambient sense line from the outflow and safety valves are capped.
(b) Slowly increase the cabin pressure to 5.75 psid keeping an eye on the cabin differential
pressure gauge.
NOTE
Beware of irregularities in the differential pressure gauge. If the

gauge is felt to be inaccurate, known good altimeter or pressure
gauge should be used.
(c) Note the activation of the annunciator warning light as specified in Table XIIIA-I.
CAUTION
Do not exceed 5.8 psid. After completion of the above tests, assure
that the caps are removed from the ambient sense lines to the
outflow and safety valves and that the cotter pins are replaced.
10. Test the bleed air and cabin pressurization system, the safety and outflow valves prior to any
engine runup test in accordance with the following instructions:
(a) Safety valve check - Ascertain that the ambient sense line for the safety valve is open.
Close the outflow valve ambient sense line.
(b) With the cabin pressure stabilized, slowly increase cabin pressure to a 5.5 .1 psi reading
on the "cabin differential pressure" gauge to permit opening of the safety valve. The test
unit "cabin rate of climb" indicator will indicate a climb when the safety valve opens.
(c) Outflow valve check - Close the ambient sense line for the safety valve and open the
ambient sense line for the outflow valve. Repeat the opening test, Step b, for the outflow
valve.
11. After completion of the safety and outflow valve opening checks, rotate the flow control to
depressurize the cabin and bring the pressure to ambient by observing the "cabin differential pressure" gauge.
Open the ambient sense lines.
12. Shut down the test unit and turn off the shop air to the unit. Bleed off the air pressure in the
door seal and open the cabin door.
13. De-energize the airplane electrical system and disconnect the test unit pneumatic lines from the
airplane. Reconnect the electrical lines to vacuum relief solenoid if disconnected. Reconnect all airplane
pneumatic lines.
14. Replace the access and trim panels removed to accomplish these tests.
13A-9. PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM CHECKOUT PROCEDURE. The following procedure has been
established to systematically check the function of each element of the cabin pressure control system, so that
any single or combination of component malfunctions may be safely detected and corrected. Should a
malfunction be detected, it is imperative that it be corrected before continuing to the next step.
13A-10. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. In case of uncontrolled pressurization, the pilot should stop
pressurization or depressurize the aircraft in order of priority as follows:
a. Move the cabin pressure mode switch to the "dump" position. (After depressurization only.)
b. Pull the circuit breaker to deactivate the inflation of the cabin door seal.
c. Close the right and left engine bleed air valves by positioning both bleed air switches to the OFF
position.
d. Lift the emergency gear extender cover.

PA-31T2
6A20
TABLE XIIIA-I. CABIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCH SPECIFICATIONS

Closes 5.70 to 5.75 PSID 11.500 to 12,500 ft.
Reliable through the following temperatures:
Ambient -65° F to +120 F

Cabin +35°F to +120 F

PA-31T2
6A21
13A-11. GROUND CHECK.

a. Select outside air source and the normal position of the dump switch prior to engine start up.
b. Set engine power levers to obtain 70% compressor speed.
c. Set cabin altitude selector above field elevation (500 feet).
NOTE
The safety valve should be wide open.

d. Select the test position on the dump switch.
NOTE
The safety valvemust closein lessthan 12seconds,which indicatesa
clear safety valve filter and operation of the test mode of the dump
switch.
13A-12. FLIGHT OPERATIONS.
a. . Select pressurized air source.
b. Select 5000 feet cabin altitude on the cabin altitude controller.
c. After takeoff, to check the function of the dump mode perform the followingsteps:
1. Select the dump position on the dump switch.
2. Establish a flight altitude of 4500 feet. Safety valve should be wide open.
d. To assume operation of cabin altitude control, rate operation, volume tank and tank line integrity
perform the followingsteps:
1. Select the normal position on the dump switch; the safety valve should be in the closed
position.
2. Select the 12 o'clock position on the rate knob.
3. Slowly rotate the cabin altitude selector knob to 3,000 feet. The isobaric valve should fall
toward its seat.
NOTE
At no time should the cabin rate of climb exceed - 2000 feet per
minute.
4. Select the sea levelposition on the cabinaltitude selectorknob and rotate the cabin rate control
knob counterclockwiseto its stop and note a cabin rate of climb between -50 and -300 feet per minute.
e. To assure the differential control perform the following steps:
1. When the cabin altitude reaches sea level,climb to, but do not exceed, 14,000feet; note the
cabin altitude at approximately 1,000feet and the pressure differential gauge at 5.5 psi.
2. Install a small C-clamp on the isobaric valve ambient sense line and closeoff the soft rubber
tube.
NOTE
The cabin altitude should not changemore than 40 feet. This shows
the capability of differential control of the safety valve.

6A22
6A22 PA-31T2
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 31
AIRPLANE ALTITUDE - FEET x 10 3
Figure 13A-8. Cabin Altitude Vs. Airplane Altitude

6A23 PA-31T2
3. Remove the C-clamp from the isobaric valve ambient sense line.
4. Install the C-clamp on the safety valve ambient sense line and close off the rubber tube.
NOTE
The cabin altitude should not changemore than 400 feet.This shows
operation of the isobaric valve assembly.
5. Remove the C-clamp from the safety valve ambient sense line.
13A-13. DELETED.
13A-14. DELETED.
13A-15. OUTFLOW AND/OR SAFETY VALVE REMOVAL.
a. Remove the trim panel in front of the safetyand outflow valvelocatedin the rear pressurebulkhead.
b. Remove the access panel on the left side of the tail sectionjust aft of the entrance door if the safety
valve is being removed or remove the access panel on the right side if the outflow valve is being removed.
c. Disconnect the lines to the valve being removed.
d. Working through the tail section accesshole,removethe three locknuts whichsecurethe valveto be
removed.
e. Remove the valve from the pressure bulkhead.
13A-16.OUTFLOW AND/OR SAFETY VALVE INSTALLATION.
a. Position the valve being installed onto the shelf in the rear pressure bulkhead.
b. When reinstalling safety and/or outflow valve, gasket dimension shown in Figure 13A-3must be
met to insure sealing requirements.
1. Remove nuts, using a deep socket and remove sufficientshims to meet dimensional require-
ments. A minimum of one shim is required each place for installation of nut.
2. Install nuts and tighten.
c. Working through the tail section access opening install the three locknuts which hold the valvein
place and tighten to metal contact and then backing off 1/4 turn.
d. Install the access plates removed from the tail section.
e. Connect the lines removed from the valve.
condition.
13A-17. OUTFLOW AND SAFETY VALVE CLEANING. Routine maintenance of components of the
cabin pressure control systemis limitedto thereplacementof the filter in the cabin air pressure safetyvalveand
cleaning of seats in the outflow and safetyvalves.Cleanthe seats of the outflow and safetyvalvesthoroughly
using Joy detergent or see placard on aft bulkhead.

PA-31T2
6A24
NOTE
Replace safety valve filter: it may not be cleaned. Replace at least

each 500 hours.
13A-18. REMOVAL OF CONTROLLER.

a. Disconnect the lines from the rear of the cabin altitude controller assembly. Cap the open parts of
the lines and fittings to prevent dust from entering the system.
b. Remove the screws which secure the electro luminescent panel to the face of the instrument panel.
c. Remove the three screws which secure the selector to the instrument panel.
d. Remove the controller by lifting the assembly from the rear of the instrument panel.
13A-19. INSTALLATION OF CONTROLLER.

a. Position the controller into the instrument panel cutout from the forward side of the panel.
b. Secure the controller to the instrument panel with three screws.
c. Position the electro luminescent panel to the instrument panel and secure with screws previously
removed.
d. Remove the protective caps from the lines and fittings of the selector and connect the lines to the
fittings on the rear of the controller.
13A-20. CONTROLLER FILTER REPLACEMENT. There is a tobacco filter installed in the

pressurization system. This is a disposable type filter which must be replaced at least every 500 hours of normal
use. Refer to the Parts Catalog for part number of replacement filter. More frequent filter change and more
frequent cleaning of the outflow and safety valve seats may be required depending on the amount of smoking
in the cabin. Replace the controller filter as follows:
b. Remove the filter from behind and discard.
c. Install the new filter in place.
13A-20a. DOOR SEAL SYSTEM.
13A-20b. DESCRIPTION OF DOOR SEAL SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 13A-8a.) The door seal system
receives its pressure from both engine bleed air ports. This bleed air leaves the engines at a temperature of
600 ° F and a pressure of 90 psi. The air is routed thru check valves and on to a heat exchanger which lowers the
high bleed and temperature. As the air is cooled it is routed thru a water separator which removes any moisture
from the air before it enters the pressure regulator. This regulator decreases the system pressure from 90 psi
down to 18 psi + 1 -3 psi, for door seal.and deicer operation. (Refer to Section XIV, for Deicer System.) This
pressure regulator is backed up by a pressure relief valve which cracks open at 21 psi and becomes full open at
26 psi should the regulator fail to open. The regulated air is then routed to a three way valve which directs the
air to the door seal or dumps the pressure overboard when pressurization is not desired.
13A-21. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL UNIT. This system is operated by engine bleed air which is
controlled by a pressure regulator and flow limiting venturi along with various components which make up the
environmental control system. Refer to the following paragraphs for component detailed description and
removal and installation of each component making up the environmental control system.
13A-22. TROUBLESHOOTING. Probable troubles peculiar to the environmental control system

components covered in this chapter are listed in Table XIIIA-II, along with their probable causes and
suggested remedies after the trouble has been corrected, check the entire system for security and operation of
its components.
6B1
AIR SOURCE
1. HEAT EXCHANGER
2 SEPARATOR
3. REGULATOR
4 PRESSURE VALVE
5 SOLENOID VALVE
6. DOOR SEAL
Figure 13A-8a. Door Seal System

6B2 PA-31T2
TABLE XIIIA-IA. TROUBLESHOOTING (PA-3 IT2) (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM)

Cabin will not pressurize. Blocked safety valve cabin Replace filter and check
air filter or orifice. orifice.
Blocked controller cabin

bin air Clean filter and check orifice
filter with orifice. on controller.
Internal malfunction i n the Remove and replace.

isobaric valve.
Internal malfunction i n the Remove and replace.

safety valve.
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace

Defective landing gear Remove and replace switch.

safety switch.
Defective dump/test s witch. Replace switch.
No pressure to door seal.

eal. Check and repair door seal
or door seal valve.
Excessive leakage in p res- Locate leak and tighten

surization ducts. connections.
Excessive cabin leakage.

ge. Locate and repair leak.
Solenoid valve malfunnctions Replace valve.

Valve on outside air c ontrol Adjust or lubricate valve or

box won't close. control linkage.
Malfunction of ECS control

c Repair or replace switch.
switch.
Malfunction of ECU pres- Repair or replace valve.

sure regulator and shutut off
valve.
Reissued: 2/6/81
6B3 PA-31T2
TABLE XIIIA-IA. TROUBLESHOOTING (PA-31T2)(PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM) (cont.)

Cabin pressurizes to full Vacuum tube not connected Connect vacuum tube.
positive differential pressure to controller.
after takeoff.
Malfunction in aircraft Check aircraft vacuum
vacuum supply. supply.
Rupture in volume tank. Replace tank.

isobaric valve.
Internal malfunction in the Remove and replace con-

Cabin altitude decreases Low aircraft vacuum supply. Check aircraft vacuum
below selected altitude. supply.

controller and volume tank volume tank.
or in volume tank.

controller and isobaric valve isobaric valve.
or in isobaric valve.

troller.
Minimum rates unbalanced. Minor leak in tube between Remove and replace tube or
Down rate faster than up controller and volume tank volume tank.
rate. or in volume tank.

troller.

PA-31T2
6B4
TABLE XIIIA-IA. TROUBLESHOOTING (PA-31T2) (PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM) (cont.)
Pressurized operation Solenoid valve malfunction Replace valve.

before takeoff and after in the closed position.
landing.
Landing gear Remove and replace switch.
switch or test/dump switch
malfunction in the open
position.
Broken wiring to the Repair wiring.

vacuum relief solenoid.
Loose or damaged pneumatic Check tube connections or

tube between solenoid valve replace damaged tube.
and safety valve.

safety valve.
Cabin exceeds full positive True static atmosphere tube Securely connect or remove
differential calibrated blocked or not connected on blockage from the true static
setting. isobaric valve and safety atmosphere tube on isobaric
valve. valve and safety valve.
Loose or damaged pneumatic Repair or replace tubing.

tubing from port "1" of
safety and isobaric valve to
atmosphere.
Cabin climbs and descends Internal malfunction in Remove and replace con-
at a fixed rate regardless of controller. troller.
rate selection.
Cabin rate exceeds selected Malfunction in controller. Remove and replace con-
rate valve during aircraft troller.
climb to cruise altitude.
Defective cabin rate of climb Remove and replace indicator.
indicator.

PA-31T2
6B5
Cabin pressure rapidly Malfunction in controller. Remove and replace con-

increases or decreases with troller.
reselection of cabin altitude.
Cabin altitude exceeds Loss of airflow into cabin. Repair bleed air supply
selected value. or ECU system.

isobaric valve.

safety valve.
Internal malfunction in Remove and replace con-

Excessive cabin leak rate. Seal leaks.
Cabin pressure will not Valve partially open. Close valve; adjust valve
maintain control setting. control cables.
Defective isobaric control Remove and replace valve.

valve.
Defective pressurized air Remove or repair valve.

dump valve.
Defective cabin altitude Remove and replace cabin

controller. altitude controller.
Pressurization duct leakage. Locate leak and tighten

connection.
Cabin leakage. Locate and repair leak.

6B6 PA-31T2
Cabin pressure will not Defective cabin altitude Remove and replace gauge.
maintain control setting. pressure gauge.
(cont)
Foreign matter on isobaric Clean valve seats.

control valve or safety valve
seats.

Cabin pressure excessively Isobaric static line clogged. Clean static line.
high.
Defective cabin over pressure Remove and replace switch.

switch.

pressure gauge.

clogged.
Cabin door unsafe light will Latching relay sticking in the Lubricate the mechanical
not go out. open position. parts (sparingly) with "Glide
Air" or equivalent.
Switch or switches in door Adjust.

frame out of adjustment.
Defective pressure switch. Replace switch.

6B7 PA-31T2
Cabin door unsafe light will Circuit breaker open. Reset circuit breaker.
not come on.
Broken wire or loose Check wiring and repair.

connection.
No pressure to door seal. Leak in door seal pressure Check and repair door seal
system. pressure system.

PA-31T2
6B8
REFRIGERATIONUNIT
NOTE CHECK
NOTE VALVES RAM
THIS UNIT LOCATED IN NOSE AIR
SECTION RIGHT SIDE INLET GROUND AIR FAN
BETWEEN STATIONS57 00 AND FAN
ASPIRATOR
PRIMARY 1
Figure 13A-9. Environmental Control System

6B 9 PA-31T2
13A-23.COMPONENT DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS. This systemis operated by enginebleed air which

is controlled by a pressure regulator and flow limitingventuri along with various components which makeup
the environmental control system. The following is a description of these various components: (Refer to
Figures 13A-9and 13A-10.)
a. Pressure Regulating and Shutoff Valve.
The pressure regulating and shutoff valve is installed in the bleed air line located upstream of the
refrigeration unit. This is a solenoid operated valve which regulates the bleed air supply pressure to the
refrigeration unit.
b. Bleed Air Supply Overpressure Switch.
This switch is located at the inlet to the refrigeration unit. It monitor's bleed air pressureto the unit
and signals the regulating and shutoff valve to shut off air flow should pressures exceed 40 + 3 psig.
c. Primary Heat Exchanger.
This heat exchanger is located within the refrigeration unit, and used to lower the high bleed air
temperature prior to its routing to the compressor.
d. Compressor.
The compressor within the refrigeration unit is attached to the turbine and compressesthe bleed
air to a higher pressure and temperature.
e. Compressor Discharge Overtemperature Sensing Switch.
This switch is installed at the compressor discharge port and senses discharge temperature. The
switch is normally closed and should open when temperatures reach 425° F ± 5° F, thus signalingthe pressure
regulator and shutoff valve to close, thereby shutting off the bleed air supply to the refrigeration unit.
f. Secondary Heat Exchanger.
This heat exchanger is located within the refrigeration unit and used to further lower the air
temperature.
g. Cooling Turbine.
The cooling turbine is installed on the shaft with the compressor and receivesthe precooled air
from the secondary heat exchanger.This air is stillat a high pressureand upon passingthrough the turbine this
high pressure is lowered by expansion. The turbine absorbs the energy from the high pressure bleed air and
drives the compressor. The expansion of the bleed air plus its loss of energy causes its temperature to be
reduced at the turbine discharge.
h. Mixing Muff.
This is a mixing device which is located immediatelydownstream of the cooling turbine for the
purpose of mixing cold turbine outlet air with hot bleed air from the hot air bypassvalve to control incoming
air temperature.
i. Water Separator Assembly.
This assemblyconsists of a coalescer and water collector and drain. The drain consists of a line
routed to the water aspirator on the air inlet side of the refrigeration unit, ahead of the heat exchangers.A
small portion of bleed air is extracted from the heat exchanger and routed through the aspirator thus causing
high velocityair flow through the aspirator which creates a vacuum on the drain line and removedany water
from the water separator collector. This water is sprayed into the ambient air ahead of the heat exchanger,
thus providing additional cooling capacity.
j. The ground coolingfan is energizedonly whenthe aircraft ison the ground through the landinggear
squat switch. It provides air cooling for both the primary and secondary heat exchangers on the ground
through a 28-volt vaneaxial fan.
13A-24. REMOVAL OF PRESSURE REGULATOR AND SHUTOFF VALVE.
a. Remove water separator in accordance with instructions given in this section.
b. Disengagebleed air circuit breaker.
c. Disconnect pressure regulator sensing tube from pressure regulating and shutoff valve.
d. Disconnect electrical plug from pressure regulating and shutoff valve.
e. Remove the couplingsthat secures the pressure regulator and shutoff valve assemblyin position.
f. Remove pressure regulator and shutoff valve from airplane.

6B10 PA-31T2
1 GROUND COOLING FAN 20. THERMAL SWITCH - MAIN DUCT SHROUD

2. RAM AIR INLET VENT (IF ACTIVATED.WILL ILLUMINATE
3 ECU INSTALLATION BOTH LEFT AND RIGHT "BLEED HOT"
4 ECU RAM AIR OUTLET (EXITS ANNUNCIATOR LIGHTSSIMULTANEOUSLY)
UNDER THE NOSE) 21. MAIN (CENTRAL)BLEED AIR SUPPLY DUCT
5 CABINAIRDISTRIBUTION
SYSTEMAND DEFROSTER 22. PROTECTIVESHROUD - MAIN SUPPLY DUCT
6 FIRESEALVENT - LEFT SUPPLY DUCT SHROUD 23. LEFT RECIRCULATIONBLOWER
7 LEFT ENGINE FIRESEAL 24. RIGHT RECIRCULATIONBLOWER
8. LEFT ENGINE BLEED AIR TAKEOFF 25. FORWARD PRESSUREBULKHEAD
9. LEFT BLEEDAIR CONTROL (SHUTOFF) VALVE 26. FIRESEALVENT - RIGHT SUPPLYDUCT SHROUD
10. LEFT ENGINE BLEED AIR SUPPLY DUCT 27. RIGHTENGINE FIRESEAL
11 THERMAL SWITCH - SHROUD FIRESEAL VENT 28. RIGHTENGINE BLEED AIR TAKEOFF
(IF ACTIVATED.WILL ILLUMINATE"LEFT 29 RIGHT BLEED AIR CONTROL(SHUTOFF) VALVE
BLEED HOT" ANNUNCIATOR LIGHT) 30. RIGHTENGINE BLEED AIR SUPPLY DUCT
12. PROTECTIVESHROUD - LEFT BLEED 31. THERMAL SWITCH - SHROUD FIRESEAL VENT
AIR SUPPLY DUCT (IF ACTIVATED,WILL ILLUMINATE "RIGHT
13. DUCT THERMAL SWITCH (IF ACTIVATED, BLEED HOT" LIGHTON ANNUNCIATOR)
WILL ILLUMINATE"LEFT BLEED HOT" 32 PROTECTIVESHROUD - RIGHT BLEED AIR
ANNUNCIATORLIGHT) SUPPLY DUCT
14 THERMAL SWITCH - SHROUD WING ROOT 33. DUCTTHERMAL SWITCH (IF ACTIVATED,
VENT (IF ACTIVATEDWILL ILLUMINATE"LEFT WILL ILLUMINATE "RIGHT BLEED HOT"
BLEED HOT" ANNUNCIATOR LIGHT) ANNUNCIATOR LIGHT)
15. WING ROOT VENT - LEFT SUPPLY DUCT SHROUD 34. THERMAL SWITCH - SHROUD WING ROOT VENT
16 CHECK VALVE - LEFT BLEEDAIR SUPPLY DUCT (IF ACTIVATED.WILL ILLUMINATE "RIGHT
17 "ROLLING" BALLCHECK VALVE CONNECTED BLEED HOT' ANNUNCIATOR LIGHT)
TO LINETAPS FROM SUPPLY DUCTS 35. WING ROOT VENT - RIGHT SUPPLY DUCT
18. LINETO PNEUMATIC SYSTEM SHROUD
19 SHROUD VENT - MAIN SUPPLY DUCT 36. CHECKVALVE - BLEED AIR SUPPLY DUCT
37. LEFT ENGINE FIREWALL
38. RIGHT ENGINE FIREWALL
Figure 13A-10. Cabin Pressurization and Bleed Air System Schematic

6B11 PA-31T2
13A-25. INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE REGULATOR AND SHUTOFF VALVE.

a. Ascertain that pressure regulator and shutoff valve are in position and secure with couplings.
Torque couplings to 35 to 45 inch-pounds.
b. Connect pressure regulator sensing tube to pressure regulating and shutoff valve.
c. Connect the electrical plug to pressure regulating and shutoff valve.
d. Engage bleed air circuit breaker.
c. Install water separator in accordance with instructions given in this chapter.
13A-26. REMOVAL OF BLEED AIR SUPPLY OVERPRESSURE SWITCH.

a. Gain access to the overpressure switch. For switch location refer to Figure 13A-9 and 13A-10.
b. Disconnect the electrical connector from the switch.
c. Cut the safety wire and unscrew the switch from the receptacle.
d. Remove the switch and O-ring.
13A-27. INSTALLATION OF BLEED AIR SUPPLY OVERPRESSURE SWITCH.

a. Install new switch with new O-ring into receptacle.
NOTE
Assure proper high temperature O-ring is used. Refer to Parts

Catalog.
b. Secure the switch in this position with safety wire.

c. Reconnect the electrical connector to the switch.
13A-28. REMOVAL OF COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE OVERTEMPERATURE SENSING SWITCH.

a. Gain access to the overtemperature switch. For switch location, refer to Figure 13A-9 and 13A-10.
b. Disconnect the electrical leads from the switch.
NOTE
facilitate installation.
c. Loosen the nut and unscrew the switch from the receptacle.
d. Remove the switch and O-ring.
13A-29. INSTALLATION OF COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE OVERTEMPERATURE SENSING

SWITCH.
a. Install new switch with new O-ring into receptacle.
NOTE
Assure proper high temperature O-ring is used. Refer to Parts

Catalog.
b. Screw the switch into the receptacle.

c. Connect the wires to their proper place on the switch.

6B12
6B12 PA-31T2
13A-30. REMOVAL OF WATER SEPARATOR.

a. Disconnect water line and inlet and outlet air connections from water separator.
b. Remove clamps securing water separator.
c. Remove water separator.
13A-31. CLEANING. INSPECTION AND REPAIRS OF WATER SEPARATORS. The coalescer cloth
must be cleaned or replaced at intervals not more than 500 flight hours, except when operated in abnormally
dusty or contaminating conditions.
a. Remove band and cover from water separator.
b. Remove coalescer cloth from inside water separator.
c. Wash coalescer cloth with warm water and mild detergent and rinse with clean water.
d. Replace coalescer cloth on inner housing with nap inside against the screen spring flat and firmly in
place.
e. Install cover and band on water separator.
13A-32. INSTALLATION OF WATER SEPARATOR.

a. Secure water separator to hoses with clamps. Torque clamps to 30 to 35 inch-pounds.
b. Connect water line to water separator.
13A-33. REMOVAL OF GROUND COOLING FAN.

a. Gain access to the baggage compartment area and remove the hardware that secures the partition in
its position between the baggage compartment and the area where the fan is located.
b. Remove the access panel on the right side of the nose section.
c. Loosen and remove the clamps securing the fan to the flexible rubber cuffs and the refrigeration
unit.
d. Disconnect the electrical leads to the fan motor.
e. Slide the cuffs from the refrigeration unit so the fan motor can be twisted forward and out from the
refrigeration unit.
f. Remove the fan.
13A-34. INSTALLATION OF GROUND COOLING FAN.

a. With the fan in position slide the rubber cuffs over the ends of the fan.
b. Connect electrical leads to fan motor.
c. Tighten the clamps that secures the fan in position.
d. Replace the access panel removed from right side of nose section.
e. Replace the partition removed from the baggage compartment.
13A-35. COOLING TURBINE. This unit consists of a turbine wheel and an impeller mounted on a common
shaft and enclosed by a turbine torus and a compressor torus. The cooling turbine shaft rotates in a self-acting
foil air bearing that uses a number of overlapping foil segments secured by retainers. These foil segments grip
the shaft with a preload. and the rotating assembly does not rotate freely while at rest. like a ball bearing
mounted assembly. During startup, air is drawn into the converging wedges until the pressure differential
opposing the load equals the shaft weight. The bearings automatically adjust the film clearance according to
load. speed. ambient air pressure, temperature, shaft expansion and misalignment. A lubricant is not used in
the cooling turbine, and thus periodic lubrication is not required.
NOTE
An inch ounce torque wrench is required to check the air-bearing

conditions. Refer to Cooling Turbine Check for proper procedure
and torques.

PA-31T2
6B13
13A-36. COOLING TURBINE CHECK. To check the cooling turbine for acceptable torque use an inch
ounce torque wrench and the following procedure:
a. First gain access to the turbine end of the unit.
b. Place the torque wrench on the end of the turbine shaft.
c. Apply torque to the shaft in a clockwise (as viewed from the turbine end) direction only.
CAUTION
Any rotation of the turbine shaft in a counterclockwise direction

could damage the foil segments of the air bearing.
d. The maximum acceptable torque values are 20 to 30 inch ounces.
13A-37. HEATING AND COOLING.
13A-38. CABIN TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM.
13A-39. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION. The condition air supplied to the cabin is controlled by the
operation of the cabin temperature control system. This system consists of cabin temperature sensor and
controller, duct temperature sensor and hot air bypass valve. During normal operation (automode) the pilot
sets cabin temperature with the cabin temperature potentiometer in the 60 F to 90° F cabin temperature range.
The cabin temperature sensor and controller, contains a sensor element whose resistance is proportional to
temperature. As the cabin temperature increases or decreases, the bridge circuit in the cabin temperature
sensor and controller becomes unbalanced: a signal is sent to the hot air bypass valve to open or close it. This
controls the temperature of the condition airflow to the cabin, in the event a failure occurs in normal mode
(auto) position. A manual temperature control is also incorporated in the system. Place the manual auto
switch in the manual position, and control the temperature with the manual temp. switch, heat or cool, for
control of the hot air bypass valve, to maintain cabin temperature.
13A-40. TROUBLESHOOTING. Probable troubles peculiar to the environmental control system

components covered in this chapter are listed in Table XIIIA-II. along with their probable causes and
suggested remedies after the trouble has been corrected: check the entire system for security and operation of
its components.
13A-41. COMPONENT DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS AND LOCATIONS.

a. Hot Air Bypass Valve: This valve is installed between the turbine mixing muff and the bleed,air line
to the primary heat exchanger. Its function is to modulate the flow of the hot bleed air into the mixing muff in
accordance with signals sent to the valve from the cabin temperature sensor and controller, and the manual
temp. control switch. This valve uses an electric actuator motor.
b. Duct Temperature Sensor: This sensor acts as a temperature limiter and prevents cabin supply
temperature from exceeding 250 F or going below 35° F. The duct temperature sensor is installed in the cabin
condition air supply duct. If duct temperatures exceed normal range of operation, a signal is sent to the
temperature sensor and controller to open or close the hot air bypass valve.
c. Cabin Temperature Sensor and Controller: This unit works in conjunction with the duct
temperature and cabin temperature sensor to control the hot air bypass valve to maintain the desired cabin
temperature. The unit is mounted centrally in the aft cabin headliner. The controller range of operation is
between 35° F 3° F to 250° F.

Revised: PA-31T2
6B14
d. Cabin Temperature Potentiometer (Level Set): Is set to the desired temperature and is maintained
by the cabin temperature sensor and controller. The level set range is between 60 F to 90° F and is located on
the lower right side pilot's instrument panel.
e. Mode Switch: This is a single two pole switch either auto or manual. It is located on the lower right
side of the pilot's instrument panel.
f. Manual Temperature Control: This switch is used to control the hot air bypass valve only in the
manual mode. The switch is located on the lower right side of the pilot's instrument panel.
13A-42. REMOVAL OF HOT AIR BYPASS VALVE.

a. Disengage cabin temperature circuit breaker.
b. Disconnect electrical plug from bypass valve.
c. Remove couplings securing bypass valve to duct flange.
d. Remove bypass valve and seals.
13A-43. INSTALLATION OF HOT AIR BYPASS VALVE.

a. Secure bypass valve and new seals to duct flange using the couplings removed. Torque couplings to
35 + 3.5 inch-pounds.
b. Connect electrical connector to bypass valve.
c. Engage cabin temperature circuit breaker.
13A-44. REMOVAL OF DUCT TEMPERATURE SENSOR.

a. Gain access to the duct temperature sensor located in the left distribution duct ahead of F.S. 57.00
forward pressure bulkhead.
b. Remove the four screws that secures the sensor in position.
c. Remove the sensor with gasket.
13A-45. INSTALLATION OF DUCT TEMPERATURE SENSOR.

a. Install new sensor and gasket into position and secure with four screws.
13A-46. REMOVAL OF CABIN TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND CONTROLLER.

a. Remove the screws and washers that secures the unit in position.
b. Pull the unit out far enough so the electrical connector can be disconnected.
c. Remove cabin temperature and controller.
13A-47. INSTALLATION OF CABIN TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND CONTROLLER.

a. Install new sensor into position and connect the electrical connector.
b. Secure the unit with washers and screws.
13A-48. REMOVAL OF RECIRCULATION BLOWERS.

a. Gain access to the recirculation blowers by removing the third and fourth seats, carpeting and or
cabinets and divider.
b. Remove screws securing airbox and remove airbox.
c. Disconnect electrical wires, loosen hose clamp, remove hose. remove four screws from mounting
bracket and remove blower assembly.
13A-49. INSTALLATION OF RECIRCULATION BLOWERS.

a. Position blower assembly and secure with four screws previously removed, install hose, tighten
clamp and connect electrical wires.
b. Position airbox and secure with screws previously removed.
c. Install carpeting. third and fourth seats and or cabinets and divider.

PA-31T2
6B15
TABLE XUIA-II. TROUBLESHOOTING (PA-31T2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM)
Bleed air leakage in primary or Rupture or corrosion. Replace heat exchanger.

secondary heat exchanger.
Cooling turbine will not start. Excessive air leakage. Replace seals.
Frozen bearing due to Replace cooling turbine.

contamination or improper
shimming.
Cooling turbine stops when Excessive air leakage. Repair leaks.

required to run.
Water separator blockage. Coalescer cloth is iced. Check anti-ice system.
Dirt contamination. Clean coalescer cloth.
Water separator coalescer cloth Overtemperature. Replace coalescer cloth.

is damaged.
Excessive moisture entering Coalescer cloth is torn or dirty. Clean coalescer cloth. If torn,
cabin. replace.
Conditioned air temperature Ram air duct obstructed or Remove obstruction or debris.
too high. face of heat exchanger.
clogged.
Heater exchanger leaking. Replace heat exchanger.
Cooling turbine rotating torque Replace cooling turbine.

unsatisfactory. (See Note.)
Bypass valve inoperative. Check valve wiring and

operation. Replace as required.
Insufficient conditioned airflow. Bleed air ON/OFF valve not Check wiring.
full open.
Leaks in joints or connections. Repair leaking joints and

connections.
Cooling turbine rotating turbine Replace cooling turbine.

unsatisfactory. (See Note.)
Heat exchanger leaking. Replace heat exchanger.
NOTE
Refer to label on cooling turbine for maximum acceptable torque

value.
R eissued: 2/6/81 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM

6B16 PA-31T2
13A-50. ECS AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROL TROUBLESHOOTING.

a. Remove the right side nose cone cover to observe the ECS temperature control motorized bypass
valve. Use a flashlight to observe that the words "OPEN" and "CLOSE" are stamped on the valve stem ex-
posed between the valve and the gear motor. (Refer to Figure 13A-11.)
b. Pull both "FUEL CONT. HEAT" circuit breakers, and turn on aircraft battery "MASTER." Test
to make sure that the CABIN COMFORT MODE select switch causes the fan to run in the HYLZ CABIN
TEMP. CONTROL "boat" only when switched up to AUTO mode, and not when switched down into
MANUAL mode.
NOTE
A shorted DUCT SENSOR probe may lock this system into a

mediocre AUTO mode, evidenced by the fan always running in the
HYLZ "boat." If necessary, disconnect the DUCT SENSOR probe
or the "boat," to stop the fan.
c. Select MANUAL mode and hold the MANUAL TEMPERATURE CONTROL switch up into the
HEAT position. for more than one minute, and watch the bypass valve stem, to make sure the motor runs
until its internal limit switch shuts it off with "OPEN" in view on the valve stem. Then, hold the MANUAL
TEMPERATURE CONTROL switch down to COOL, for more than a minute, to make sure the bypass valve
runs until its internal limit switch shuts off with "CLOSE" in view on the valve stem. Then, hold the MANUAL
TEM PERATU RE CONTROL switch up in HEAT for about 30 seconds, to leave the bypass valve about half
open. If the words "OPEN" and "CLOSE" did not show up on the stem, as expected, unplug the valve and
replace it. Switch the battery MASTER off.
d. Now that the ECS MANUAL mode has been tested, pull the CABIN COMFORT circuit breaker.
unscrew and unplug the HYLZ "boat." and check its harness connector for shorts to ground, with an
ohmmeter. None of the 9 pins in the 14 pin harness connector may show any leakage to ground. (Short to
ground on pin I I can lock the controller in AUTO mode. Short to ground on pin 10 may lock the AUTO mode
in always maximum COOL.)
e. With mode switch in MANUAL hold the MANUAL TEMPERATURE CONTROL upand down.
and verify that up in HEAT grounds pin 4, and down in COOL grounds pin 3.
f. Switch the mode switch up to AUTO and verify that this grounds pin 2.
g. Measure between harness connector pins 9 and 10; this should measure about 100 ohms, with the
CABIN COMFORT temperature level set knob rotated full CCW to the COOL stop, and about zero ohms.
with the knob rotated full CW to the WARM stop ... leave the knob at mid scale (pointing up), or about 50
ohms. after this test.
h. Measure between pins 8 and I I and also between 12 and 11 if the duct sensor probe is at room
temperature. both these readings should be about 100 ohms (+ 20 ohms).
i. Connect the HYLZ "boat" to the test harness extension (with RED and BLUE light pigtail), and
connect the test harness extension to the aircraft harness. Push all the wire (except the RED and BLUE light
pigtail) up into the hole. and remount the "boat" to its hole in the ceiling ... let the light pigtail hang out on the
pilot's side of the aircraft. so the lights can easily be seen from the cockpit. Tape a small thermometer to the
RED and BLUE light pigtail. to keep track of cabin temperature.
j. Push in the cabin comfort circuit breaker and turn on the aircraft battery MASTER switch. The
cabin comfort mode switch is up in AUTO . . . this should start the fan in the HYLZ "boat,"and one of the
pigtail lights will probably come on.

PA-31 T2
6B17
k. Rotate the cabin comfort temperature select knob back and forth to find a spot where both RED
and BLUE pigtail lights stay out ... the pointer should indicate approximately the temperature of the air that
the internal fan is blowing thru the "boat." Imagine that these temperature markings are painted on the placard
behind the temperature select knob: 11:00 o'clock = 60° , (12:00 is straight up) 1:00 = 70° , 3:00 = 80°. 5:00
= 90° . There will be a null or dead band equivalent to about 3° F., where the knob can be rotated a little
without turning on either RED or BLUE light.
1. Unplug the duct sensor connector. (This high probe resistance looks like maximum hot probe) and
verify that the BLUE light comes on and can't be kept off with any temperature select knob setting.
m. Use a piece of 14 gauge solid wire to make a jumper to short out pins C to D, on the probe harness
connector (this low probe resistance looks like a frozen probe) and verify that the RED light comes on and
can't be kept off with any temperature select knob setting. Remove the jumper from the probe connector and
reconnect the aircraft harness to the duct sensor probe.
n. Verify that the temperature select knob can still be set in the dead band position to keep both RED
and BLUE lights out. Now go back to the "boat" and blow slightly warmer air into the opening where the
internal fan is drawing cabin air into the boat - your breath is probably warm enough - and verify that the
BLUE light starts to pulse, telling the bypass valve "close some, to make us a little cooler." Allow the "boat"
to cool back down to cabin temperature to where both lights are out. If it is practical, hold a piece of ice, or an
ice cube. in the airstream being sucked into the "boat" (DO NOT GET WATER IN THE "BOAT") and note
that the RED light now begins to pulse, telling the valve "open some, to make us a little warmer."Take the ice
away and note that the red light eventually stays out.
o. This completes ground verification of proper AUTO temperature control ... if the system works
properly in MANUAL mode. it will very likely now work properly in AUTO mode ... but this system can be
fooled into unsatisfactory in flight operation by uninformed pilot operation... here are 3 wrong ways:
1. If the pilot turns the temperature select knob to the 1:00 or 2:00 position and selects AUTO
mode. before engine start. and leaves that switch and knob alone, the cabin will probably get and stay at a
comfortable temperature, if that could have been achieved with MANUAL mode.
2. If the pilot turns the temperature select knob to a new position, and does not wait 10 minutes
before turning the knob again, the AUTO mode circuitry will not be able to figure out (and gradually produce
within 3° F.) just which cabin temperature the pilot really wants. Do not twist the level set knob every few
minutes.
3. If the pilot moves the windshield defroster select lever from open to close, or from close to
open. the cockpit temperature around the pilot's shoulders can change by more than 5° F. and the cabin
comfort system does not see this change in the cabin ... if the pilot then turns the temperature select knob to
make the cockpit warmer or cooler. and passengers in the cabin were comfortable. they will then be made too
warm or too cool. Do not offset opening or closing the defroster lever by twisting the temperature level set
knob. if there are sensitive passengers in the cabin.
NOTES
Do not twist the temperature set knob more than a few degrees at a
time.
Do not touch the CABIN COM FORT control panel before waiting
10 minutes since the last change.
As the sun sets, push the defroster lever open to keep the cockpit
warm without bothering the passengers . . . otherwise, slip on a
jacket to counter the chill of sunset and darkened cockpit windows.
Added:7/2/84 ENVIRONMENTALCONTROLSYSTEM
PA-31T2
6B18
PLUG RECEPTACLE
AN 22 WIRE (TRY 9")
12 12
II
(NOTHING IN HOLES 5. 6. 7, 13, OR 14)
10
AMP 206044-1 AMP 206043-3

P/N 583 217 PLUG P/N 584 001 RECEPTACLE
PLUS PLUS
AMP 206070-1 AMP 206070-1
P 'N 554 613 CLAMP P/N 554 613 CLAMP
PLUS PLUS
9 EA AMP 66103-2 9 EA AMP 66105-2
P 'N 588 465 PIN P/N 588 466 SOCKET
2 EA P/N 484 538 150.

OR TWO 180 1 WATT,
OR ONE 82 2 WATT
RESISTOR(OR PLAIN WIRE)
RED -- WARMER
2 EA GE#313 LAMPS
P/N 472 057
COLOR LIGHT BULBS RED AND BLUE WITH "FLAIR EL MARKO PERMANENT" FELT TIP MARKERS. OR OTHER SUITABLE
METHOD ACTUALLY. A PAIR OF #327 POST LIGHT BULBS AND THREE STRAIGHT WIRES, WITH NO SERIES DROPPING
RESISTANCE. WORK OK (SCRAPE CHROME PLATING OFFTHE BULB BASES TO SOLDERWIRES FROM PINS 3 AND 4), BUT
THE BIGGER. DIMMED BULBS ARE EASIER TO SEE
Figure 13A-11. ECS Test Harness Extension

PA-31 T2
6B19
HYLZ50638(- )
CABIN
TEMP CONTROL
WARM LEVEL
SET
DUCT
SENSOR
NON-ESSENTIALBUS
100 -/- 20 CABIN
AT ROOM TEMP COMFORT
HOT AIR BY-PASS VALVE

E350
CONN
Figure 13A-12. Cabin Comfort
Added: 7/2/84 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLSYSTEM

PA-31T2
6B20
6B21 THRU 6B24

6B21
SECTION XIV
ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
14-1. Introduction .............................................................. 6C5
14-2. Oxygen System ............................................................ 6C5
14-3. Description and Principles of Operation ...................................... 6C5
14-4. Troubleshooting ........................................................... 6C5
14-5. Safety Precautions ................................................ 6C5
14-6. Inspection and Overhaul Time Limits ................................ 6C5
14-7. Testing for Leaks ........................................ ......... 6C6
14-8. Maintenance ..................................................... 6C6
14-9. Cleaning Operations ............................................... 6C6
14-10. Removal of Outlets ............................................... 6C9
14-11. Installation of Outlets ............................................. 6C9
14-12. Purging the System ............................................... 6C9
14-13. Cleaning of Face Masks ........................................... 6C9
14-14. Removal of Oxygen Cylinder, Regulator and Compensator ............. 6C 10
14-15. Installation of Oxygen Cylinder, Regulator and Compensator ........... 6C10
14-16. Removal of Filler Valve ........................................... 6C10
14-17. Installation of Filler Valve ......................................... 6C10
14-18. Removal of Pressure Gauge ........................................ 6C I
14-19. Installation of Pressure Gauge ...................................... 6C11
14-19a. Removal of Overpressure Discharge Disc (Visual) ..................... 6C12
14-19b. Installation of Overpressure Discharge Disc (Visual) ................... 6C12
14-20. Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicing System ............................. 6C13
14-21. Description and Principles of Operation ...................................... 6C13
14-22. Deicer System Operational Check ....................................... ... 6C14
14-23. Troubleshooting ........................................................... 6C18
14-24. Using the Ammeter ............................................... 6C18
14-25. Helpful Tips ..................................................... 6C18
14-26. Inspection ................................................................ 6C19
14-27. 50 Hour Inspection ............................................... 6C19
14-28. 100 Hour Inspection .............................................. 6C19
14-29. Repair Procedure for Individual Components ................................. 6C21
14-30. Checking for Brush Wear .......................................... 6C21
14-31. Replacement of Brushes ........................................... 6C21
14-32. Alignment of New Brushes ......................................... 6C24
14-33. Slip Rings ................................................................ 6C24
14-34. Machining of Slip Rings ........................................... 6C24
14-35. Replacement of Slip Rings .............................. .......... 6D1
14-36. Replacement of Brush Block with Modular Brush Assemblies .......... 6D1
14-37. Brush Module Replacement ........................................ 6D1
14-38. Deicer Boots .............................................................. 6D4
14-39. Resistance Check of Deicer Boots ................................... 6D4
14-40. Replacement ..................................................... 6D4
14-41. Repair of Propeller Deicer Lead Strap ............................... 6D4
14-42. Removal of Deicers ............. ........................ ........ 6D4
14-42a. Removal and Installation of Air Inlet Lip Assembly
(S/N 31T-8304001 and up) ....................................... 6D5
14-43. Preparation of Surface Prior to Installation of Deicer ................. 6D5
Revised:7/2/84
6C1
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
14-44. Application of Cement ............................................ 6D8
14-44a. Preparation of Engine Inlet Lip Boots Prior to Installation ............. 6D10
14-45. Installation of Deicers and Required Materials ........................ 6D10
14-45a. Installation of Engine Inlet Lip Deicer and Required Materials ......... 6D12
14-46. Preparation and Application of Sealer ............................... 6D15
14-47. Wrinkled Deicers .................. . ............ 6D18
14-48. Electrical Check of Deicers ......................................... 6D18
14-49. Installation of Propeller Deicer Straps and Wire Harness .............. 6D19
14-50. Balancing ........................................................ 6D19
14-51. Final Electrical Check ............................................. 6D20
14-52. Other Components ................................................ 6D20
14-53. Timer Test ....................................................... 6D20
14-54. Pneumatic Deicing System ............................... ................... 6E4
14-55. Introduction ............................ ................................ 6E4
14-56. Description and Principles of Operation .................... ................ 6E4
14-57. Troubleshooting ................... . ................................ 6E4
14-58. Operational Check ................................................ 6E4
14-59. Electrical Test .................................................... 6E4
14-60. Pressure Leakage Test ............................................. 6E5
14-61. Pneumatic Regulator Adjustment ................................... 6E5
14-62. Component Maintenance and Replacement ........................... 6E5
14-63. Timer ........................................... 6E5
14-64. Inspections ....................................................... 6E5
14-65. Ground Procedure ........................................ 6E5
_; 14-66. 100 Hour Inspection ........................................ 6E7
_ 14-67. Removal of Boots ................................................. 6E7
14-68. Repair of Boots ............. ..................................... 6E9
14-69. Cold Repair ...................................................... 6E9
14-70. Vulcanized Repair ............................................... 6E I
14-71. Materials for Vulcanized Repairs ................................... 6E 12
14-72. Definition of Terms ...................................... ......... 6E12
14-73. General Procedure .................................. .............. 6E13
14-74. Curing ......................................................... 6E13
14-75. Surface Scuffs .................................................... 6E15
14-76. Deep Scuff Through Neoprene Surface .............................. 6E 16
14-77. Holes or Tears Through Surface Side of Tube Area ................... 6E 16
14-78. Holes or Tears Through Backside of Tube Area ...................... 6E17
14-79. Holes or Tears Through Two Sides ................................. 6E17
14-80. Hole Through Deicer Extending From One Tube Into Another ......... 6E17
14-81. Hole Through Deicer Outside of Tube Area .......................... 6E18
14-82. Installation ....................................................... 6E 18
14-83. Preparation of Leading Edges ...................................... 6E 19
14-84. Preparation of Deicer ............................................. 6E20
14-85. Mounting Deicer on Leading Edge .................................. 6E20
14-86. Adhesion Test .................................................... 6E22
14-87. Maintenance ..................................................... 6E22
14-88. Agemaster No. I and Icex Application ............................... 6E23
14-89. Resurfacing Conductive Cement .................................... 6E24
14-90. Ice Detection Light ........................................................ 6F3
Revised: 7/2/84
6C2
Paragraph Aerofiche
Grid No.
14-91. Introduction .............................................................. 6F3

14-92. Description and Operation .................................................. 6F3
14-93. Servicing ........................................................ 6F3
14-94. Removal ......................................................... 6F3
14-95. Installation ...................................................... 6F3
14-96. Heated Windshield ......................................................... 6F3
14-97. Windshield Wipers ................................................ 6F3
14-98. Propeller Synchronizer ..................................................... 6F4
14-99. Description of Propeller Synchronizer System ................................. 6F4
14-100. Functional Test ................................................... 6F4
14-101. Troubleshooting with Minimum Field Equipment ..................... 6F4
14-102. Ground Check ................................................... 6F4
14-103. Flight Checks .................................................... 6F8
14-104. Maintenance ..................................................... 6F9
14-105. Removal of Trimmer Assembly ..................................... 6F9
14-106. Installation of Trimmer Assembly ................................... 6F9
14-107. Synchronizer Rigging .............................................. 6F10
14-108. Removal of Actuator .............................................. 6FII
14-109. Installation of Actuator .......................... ............... 6F11
14-110. Service of Actuator ............................................... 6F11
14-111. Removal of Control Box .............................. 6F11
14-112. Installation of Control Box ........................................ 6F12
14-113. Test Equipment ................................................... 6F12
14-114. Bench Testing the Actuator .................. ................... . 6F12
14-115. Propeller Synchrophaser (Woodward Type I).................................. 6F17
14-116. Description of Propeller Synchrophaser System ............................... 6F17
14-117. Functional Test ................................................... 6F17
14-118. Troubleshooting with Minimum Field Equipment ..................... 6F17
14-119. Ground Check .................................................... 6F17
14-120. Flight Checks .................................................... 6F21
14-121. Maintenance ..................................................... 6F23
14-122. Removal of Trimmer Assembly ..................................... 6F23
14-123. Installation of Trimmer Assembly ................................... 6F23
14-124. Synchrophaser Rigging............................................ 6F24
14-125. Removal of Actuator .............................................. 6G1
14-126. Installation of Actuator ........................................... 6G1
14-127. Service of Actuator ............................................... 6G2
14-128. Removal of Control Box ........................................... 6G2
14-129. Installation of Control Box ........................................ 6G2
14-130. Test Equipment ................................................... 6G2
14-131. Bench Testing the Actuator ....................................... 6G2
14-132. Magnetic Phase Pickup Removal, Installation and Adjustment ......... 6G3
14-133. Propeller Synchrophaser (Woodward Type II)................................. 6G8
14-134. Description of Propeller Synchrophaser System ................................ 6G8
14-135. Functional Test .................................................. 6G8
14-136. Troubleshooting with Minimum Field Equipment ..................... 6G8
14-137. Ground Check ......................................... 6G8
14-138. Flight Checks .................................................... 6G12
Revised: 7/2/84
Aerofiche
Paragraph Grid No.
14-139 Ohmmeter Check of Magnetic Pickup ............................. .............. 6G12

14-140. Removal of Control Box .......................................................... 6G14
14-141. Installation of Control Box ........................................................ 6G14
14-142. Magnetic Phase Pickup Removal, Installation and Adjustment ................ 6G14
14-142a. Propeller Autofeather System ................................................................. 6G14
14-142b. Description and Principles of Operation ......................................... 6G14
14-142c. Autofeather Ground Operational Check ......................................... 6G15
14-142d. Autofeather Electrical Ground Check ............................................ 6G16
14-143. Engine Compartment Fire Control .......... .................................. ... ... 6G19
14-144. Fire Detection System ......... .................................................. ... .. 6G19
14-145. General .......................................................................................... 6G19
14-146. Description and Operation ......... .. ......... ......... ................... 6G19
14-147. Fire Extinguishing System..................................................................... 6G20
14-148. General .......................................................................................... 6G20
14-149. Description and Operation ......... ........... .. ............................ 6G20
14-150. Testing Extinguishing System ......... .. ......... ............. 6G20
14-151. Removal of Fire Extinguisher Bottle ................ ......... ......... 6G21
14-152. Servicing Fire Extinguisher Bottle ............................................... 6G22
14-153. Installation of Fire Extinguisher .................................................. 6G23
14-154. Fire Extinguisher, Hand Held......... ........... ......................................... 6G23
14-155. Portable Fire Extinguisher, Inspection and Maintenance ..................... 6G23
Appendix Window Inspection and Repair - Standard Practices ......... ................ 6H1
6C4 Interim Revision:10/15/97

SECTIONXIV
14-1. INTRODUCTION. This section covers accessories and utilities which are available in the airplane and
are not covered in other sections of this Service Manual. This information provides instructions for remedying
difficulties which may arise in any of the accessories or utilities, and the instructions are organized so the
mechanic may refer to whichever component or system he must repair or adjust.
14-2. OXYGEN SYSTEM.
14-3. DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. The oxygen system consists of an oxygen
cylinder, regulator, compensator (if FAR 135 oxygen system is being used), filler valve, pressure gauge,
outlets, masks and an ON/OFF control. High pressure is routed from the cylinder and regulator to the pressure
gauge. Low pressure is routed from the cylinder and regulator to the outlets and masks, through another line,
whenever the control knob is pulled to the ON position. Each outlet has a spring-loaded valve which prevents
the flow of oxygen until a mask hose is engaged in the outlet.
14-4. TROUBLESHOOTING. A troubleshooting chart is located at the back of the oxygen system portion of
this section.
14-5. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. Utmost care must be exercised in servicing, handling and inspection of the
oxygen system. A fully charged oxygen cylinder contains enough pressure to cause serious injury to personnel
and damage to equipment. Keep hands, tools, and working area clean and post NO SMOKING signs. Keep all
components of the system free from oil, grease, fuel and all readily combustible material. Never allow
electrical equipment to come in contact with the oxygen cylinder. Keep fire and heat away from oxygen
equipment and take care not to generate sparks with carelessly handled tools.
14-6. INSPECTION AND OVERHAUL TIME LIMITS. It is recommended that inspection and overhaul be
conducted by an FAA Approved Station or the manufacturer, Scott Aviation. The following checks and chart
gives recommended inspection and overhaul time for the various parts of the oxygen system:
a. Standard weight cylinders (ICC or DOT 3AA 1800 classification) must be hydrostatic tested every 5
years. The lightweight cylinders (ICC or DOT 3HT 1850 classification) must be hydrostatic tested
every 3 years and must be retired from service after 24 years or 4380 pressurizations, whichever
occurs first. The month and year of the last test is stamped on the cylinder beneath the ICC
identification.
b. The outlets should be checked for leakage both in the non-use condition and for leakage around an
inserted connector.
c. The high pressure gauge may be checked for accuracy by comparing its indicated pressure with that of
a gauge of known accuracy.
d. Inspection of the regulator may be effected by introducing into an outlet a mask connector to which is
attached a 100 psi gauge. With one other outlet flowing through a plugged in mask, the indicated
regulator output pressure shall be not less than 45 psi at sea level with 200 psi supply cylinder
pressure. It should be noted that the permissible leakage through the 1/16 diameter vent hole in the
side of the upper regulator housing is 10 cc/min. maximum, when the regulator is turned on. There
shall be no external leakage anywhere on the regulator when it is turned off. All fittings shall be leak
free.
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 6C5 ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES

14-7. TESTING FOR LEAKS. Apply detector fluid type CD-1 solution or its equivalent.The solution
should be shaken to obtain suds or foam. The suds or foam should be applied sparinglyto the joints of a
closed system. Look for traces of bubbles. No visible leakage should be found. Repair or replace any
defective parts and retest system. With the system pressurizedto servicepressure,further tests can be made.
The rate of any leak should not exceed one percent of the total supply per 24 hour period. All traces of the
detector fluid should be wiped off at the conclusionof the examination.
14-8. MAINTENANCE.
a. Check that all lines have sufficient clearance between all adjacent structures and are secured in
place. Also check the cylinder to be sure it is securelymounted.
b. Check the cylinder for the ICC identification number and for the date of the last FAA inspection
and test.
c. If cylinder is completely empty, it must be completely disassembledand inspected in an FAA
approvedfacility before recharging.
d. Any linesthat are defectiveshould be replaced with factory replacements.
e. Clean all lines and fittings as describedin Paragraph 14-9.
f. Use Ribbon Dope Thread Sealant (Permacel 412) on male ends of fittings only. Wrap thread in
direction of thread spiral, beginningwith the second thread on the fitting. Avoid getting any sealant into
the lines.
14-9. CLEANINGOPERATIONS.To remove oil and greasefrom tubing and fittings, one of the following
cleaningmethods may be used:
a. First Method:
1. A vapor degreasing with stabilized Trichlorethylene conforming to Specification
MIL-T-7003shall be used.
2. Blow tubing clean and dry with a stream of clean, dry, filtered air. Care shall be taken to
insure that the interior of the tubing and fittings are thoroughly cleaned.
b. Second Method:
1. Flush with naphtha conforming to Specification TT-N-95.
2. Blowclean and dry off all solventwith water pumped air.
3. Flush with anti-icing fluid conforming to Specification MIL-F-566 or anhydrous ethyl
alcohol.
4. Rinse thoroughly with fresh water.
5. Dry thoroughly with a stream of clean, dried, filtered air or by heating at a temperature of
250° to 300° F for a suitable period.
6. The solventsmay be reused provided they do not become excessivelycontaminatedwith oil.
This condition shallbe determined as follows:
(a) Completely evaporate 100 millilitersof the liquid in a weighedglassdish. Evaporation
may be accomplishedby heating at 200 F for approximately one-halfhour.
(b) After evaporation, cool and weigh the residue. The solvent shall not be used if the
residueexceeds 100 milligramsin weight.
c. Third Method:
1. Flush with hot inhibited alkaline cleaneruntil free from oil and grease.
2. Rinse thoroughly with fresh water.
3. Dry thoroughly with a stream of clean, dry, filtered air or by heating at a temperature of
250° to 300 F for a suitable period.
Revised: 1/5/84 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6C6
1401
SEENOTE
1 PRESSUREGAUGE
2 CONTROLKNOB
3. OUTLETS
4. REGULATOR NOTE
5 FILLERVALVE USED ON FAR 135 OXYGENSYSTEM
6. OXYGENCYLINDER ONLY.
7 LOWPRESSURELINES
8 HIGHPRESSURELINES
9 COMPENSATOR ASSEMBLY
Figure 14-1. Oxygen System Installation (PA-31T and PA-31TI)
6C7
3120
NOTES
1 USED ON FAR 135 OXYGEN SYS-
TEM ONLY
2 TWO ADDITIONAL PASSENGER
OUTLETS ARE ADDED AT F S
11482 ON THE OPTIONAL TEN
PLACE INTERIOR
SEE NOTE 1
13
SEESKETCHA
SEE NOTE
1 OXYGEN CYLINDER
2 GREEN OVERPRESSUREDISC
3 REGULATOR
4 FILLERVALVE
5 OXYGEN ON-OFF CONTROL
6 PRESSUREGAUGE
7 OUTLET- PILOT
8 OUTLET - COPILOT
9 OUTLETS - PASSENGER(SEE NOTE 21
10 COMPENSATOR ASSEMBLY
11 FRAME
12 SNAP RING
13 SKIN OF AIRPLANE SKETCHAA
Figure 14-2. Oxygen System Installation (PA-31T2)

6C8
TABLE XIV-I. OXYGENSYSTEMCOMPONENTSLIMITS
PARTS INSPECTION OVERHAUL
Regulator 200 Flight Hrs. 5 Yrs.

PressureGauge 200 Flight His. 5 Yrs.
High Pressure Lines 200 Flight Hrs.
Low PressureLines 200 Flight Hrs.
Outlets (Cabin) 200 Flight Hrs. 5 Yrs.
External RechargeValve Each Use Replace Every 5 Yrs.
Masks Each Use Replaceas Necessary
14-10. REMOVALOF OUTLETS.

a. Using a suitable spanner wrench, remove the outer half of the outlet.
b. Remove the screwsholding the trim panel and remove the panel.
c. The outlet can now be removed from the low pressure line.
14-11. INSTALLATIONOF OUTLETS.
a. Apply sealant (Permacel #412) to the male end of the fitting.
b. Connect the outlet to the low pressure line.
c. Position the trim panel and secure with -crews.
d. Position the outer half outlet and secure with a suitable spanner wrench.
e. Torque the fittings into the outlets approximately 30 inch-pounds. Do not over torque as this
could damage the outlet.
14-12. PURGINGTHE SYSTEM. The system should be purged wheneverthe cylinder pressure fallsbelow
50 psi or if any lines are left open for any length of time. Also, whenever there are any offensiveodors
present, it will be necessaryto purge the system. Usethe followingprocedure:
a. Park the airplanein a NO SMOKINGarea.
b. Keep all doors and windowsopen.
c. Be sure all electrical systemsare shut off.
d. Connect the oxygen rechargingunit to the filler valve.
e. Plug the oxygen masks into the outlet valvesand turn on the system.
f. Set the recharging unit pressureregulator to deliver 50 psi and let the system purge for one hour.
If any odor is still present, repeat the procedure for one or more hours. If the odor persistsafter the second
purging, replace the cylinder.
1413. CLEANINGOF FACE MASKS. The disposablemasksare designedfor one time use and require no
maintenance. The pilots and copilots masks can be cleaned as follows:
a. Remove the microphone from the mask.
b. Remove the sponge rubber discs from the mask turrents. Do not use soap to clean spongerubber
discs, as this would deteriorate the rubber and giveoff unpleasant odors. Cleanin clear water and squeeze
dry.
c. Washthe rest of the mask with a very mild solution of soap and water.
d. Rinse the mask thoroughly to removeall traces of soap.
e. Make sure the sides of the breathing bag do not stick together while drying, as this may decrease
the life of the rubber in the bag. The mask can be sterilizedwith a solution of 70 percent ethyl alcohol.
Revised: 1/5/84 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIESS

14-14. REMOVAL OF OXYGEN CYLINDER, REGULATOR AND COMPENSATOR. (Refer to

Figures 14-1 and 14-2.) The oxygen cylinder on the PA-3 T and PA-31TI is located in the left side of the nose
section below the radio shelf and on the PA-31T2 it is located in the nose baggage compartment on the aft
bulkhead. The following steps should be used to remove the cylinder and regulator from the airplane:
a. Gain access to the oxygen cylinder.
b. Remove the radio equipment and radio shelf. (PA-31T and PA-31T1.)
CAUTION
Insure that the valve on the cylinder is closed before disconnecting

any lines from the regulator, and observe all safety precautions
related to oxygen system handling and servicing.
c. Remove the access cover from the shroud assembly. (PA-31T and PA-31TI.)
d. Disconnect the control cable and pressure lines from the regulator, and also disconnect the
restraining cable.
e. Support the cylinder and loosen and separate the clamps that hold the cylinder in place.
f. Remove the cylinder from the airplane through the access opening at the nose section. Use caution
not to bump the neck of the cylinder, regulator and compensator(if installed). The regulator and compensator
(if installed) can be removed from the cylinder at this time if the cylinder is completely discharged of all
pressure.
14-15. INSTALLATION OF OXYGEN CYLINDER, REGULATOR AND COMPENSATOR. (Refer to

Figures 14-1 and 14-2.)
a. With the regulator and compensator (if installed) attached to the cylinder, place it into the airplane
through the access opening with the regulator and compensator (if installed) to the front of the airplane. Be
careful not to bump the regulator and compensator when installing them.
b. Position the cylinder so the control on the regulator aligns with the control cable.
c. Secure the cylinder in place by connecting and tightening the two clamps.
d. Connect the pressure lines and control cable to the regulator and also connect the restraining cable.
e. Install the access cover on top of the shroud assembly. (PA-31T and PA-31TI.)
f. Replace the radio shelf and install or connect the radio equipment. (PA-31T and PA-31T1.)
g. Replace the access panel over the nose section and secure it. (PA-31T and PA-31T1.)
h. Recharge the oxygen cylinder (refer to Filling Oxygen Cylinder, Section II). if not already
accomplished.
CAUTION
Ascertain that the cylinder is empty before removing regulator.
14-16. REMOVAL OF FILLER VALVE.

a. Remove the access panel on the left side of the nose section.
b. Ascertain that the valve on the regulator is closed.
c. Disconnect the tee fitting from the filler valve.
d. Remove the three nuts and bolts holding the filler valve in place and remove the valve through the
access door on the outside of the fuselage, below the valve.
14-17. INSTALLATION OF FILLER VALVE.

a. Place the valve into position through the access door and secure with three bolts and nuts.
b. Connect the tee fitting to the valve using thread sealant and instructions given in Paragraph 14-8.
c. Replace the access panel on the side of the nose section.

14-18. REMOVALOF PRESSURE GAUGE. Ascertain that the control valve is closed and there is no
pressure in the system.
a. Disconnect the line from the back of the pressure gauge.
b. Loosen and removethe retainer nut and clamp holdingthe gaugein place.
c. Pull the gaugeout from the front of the panel.
14-19. INSTALLATIONOF PRESSUREGAUGE.
a. Place the gauge into the panel from the front and replacethe clamp and retainer nut on the back
of the gauge.Be sure the gauge is positioned properly before tighteningthe clamp.
b. Reconnect the line at the rear of the gauge.
TABLEXIV-II. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(OXYGENSYSTEM)
No indication of pres- Cylinderempty or leak Chargesystem and

sure on pressure in system has ex- check for leaks.
gauge. hausted pressure.
Pressuregaugedefec- Replace pressure
tive. gauge.
Defectiveregulator. Replaceregulator.
Pressureindication Oxygen cylinder reg- Replaceregulator as-

normal but no oxygen ulator assembly sembly.
flowing. defective.
Control out of adjustment. Adjust control.
Offensiveodors in Cylinder pressure Purge the oxygen sys-

oxygen. below 50 psi. tem. Refer to Para-
Foreign matter has graph 14-12.
entered the system
during previous ser-
vicing.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ACCESSORIESANDUTILITIES
6C11
14-19a. REMOVAL OF OVERPRESSURE DISCHARGE DISC (VISUAL). (Refer to Figure 14-2.) The
green overpressure disc is located on the lower left section of the nose section at sta. 24.06 and can be removed
per the following instructions:
a. Remove snap ring holding overpressure disc in place and remove disc or any remaining pieces if disc
was blown out.
b. Check frame and dump outlet for damage if disc was blown out and repair as required.
c. Flush/purge if required.
NOTE
If cylinder safety disc has ruptured. remove cylinder per Paragraph

14-14 and return cylinder and valve assembly to qualified overhaul
depot.
14-19b. INSTALLATION OFOVERPRESSURE DISCHARGE DISC(VISUAL). (Referto Figure 14-2.)

a. Insure dump outlet is clean.
b. Insert overpressure disc into frame.
c. Install snap ring.
d. Install cylinder per Paragraph 14-15 if cylinder was removed.
Added: 4/25/83 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6C12
14-20. PROPELLER AND ENGINEAIR INLET LIP DEICINGSYSTEM.

14-21. DESCRIPTIONAND PRINCIPLESOF OPERATION. (Refer to Figure 14-3.) The Propeller and
Lip Deicer System is made up of two individual systems, one for each engine, linked together only by an
ammeter (4). The ammeter has a selector switch enabling it to monitor the operation of either the left or
right system.
Each system consists of an electrically heated boot (9) bonded to each propeller blade and to the lip
of the engine air intake duct, a slip ring, and brush block assembly to transfer electrical power to the
rotating deicers on the propellers, a timer (7) to control the cycling of the system, a shunt (5) which
connects to the single ammeter that monitors system operation, three circuit breakers (8) to protect the
system and related wiring harnesses,and a switch (1) to control system operation.
The control switch performs two functions: it operates two relays, a motor control relay and a power
control relay. It also reverses the field voltage for the motor that operates the mechanismthat extends and
retracts the ice deflection flap and bypass door. (Refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
To conserveelectricalpower which is drawn from the aircraft electricalsystem,the current is cycledto the
deicer heaters at timed intervals rather than continuously. Each propeller blade deicer boot has two separate
heaters; one for the outer half and one for the inner half. By heating the outer or inner heaters on only one
propeller at a time, rotational balance is held during deicing. Current is drawn from the airplane electrical
systemthrough the switch that is selected,connectingthe ammeterand timer for that system. Whenthe switch
is activated the timer delivers current continuously to the Parting Strip portion of the lip deicer and suc-
cessivelyto the Shedding Area I (phase 1),and Shedding Area II (phase2) portions of the lip deicer. Current
is also deliveredsuccessively,via the slip ring and brush block arrangement to the outer heaters on the pro-
peller blades (phase 3), and then the inner heaters on the propeller blades(phase 4). The timer energizeseach
of these four phases in turn for about 34 seconds, and thus the system continuesto cycle as long as thecontrol
switch is on.
The propeller deicer cyclingsequencegivenis vital so that outboard heaters on each bladeoperate before
the inboard heaters. See cycle sequence.(Refer to Figures 14-4through 14-7.)Thesystem may be usedcon-
tinuously in flight if needed.
NOTE
Heating may begin at any phase in the cycle depending on the

timer position when the switch was turned off from previoususe.
a. Deicers: The deicers contain special heater wires protected by fabric plies and by oil and
abrasion-resistantrubber. The side of the boot cemented to the mounting surfacehas a dull finish whereas
the air side finish is "glossy." Each boot has a separate lead for the individualheating elementsand an extra
lead which is a common ground. These leads are so marked. An unmarked ground can be identified by using
an ohmmeter across all the possible pairs of leads. One pair will show twice the resistanceof the other pairs.
The latter are the "hot" leads and the lead excluded from the pair that shows twice the resistance of the
other pairs is the ground lead. All deicersused on this airplanemust be of the new design, which includesa
gray plastic patch where boot and strap join.
b. Slip Rings, Brushes and Brush Blocks: To transfer electrical power to the rotating deicers, a
brush block assembly is mounted on a bracket at the front of the engine and has brushes which are
spring-loadedto press against the revolvingslip rings. The slip ring assemblyis mounted on the backside of
the rear spinner bulkhead.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES
6C13
c. Timers: Each timer is a sealed unit located on a shelf in the nose section of the airplane. If a
timer is found inoperative, it must be replaced as an assembly. No field repairs are authorized. For timer
function, refer to Paragraph 14-53.
d. Ammeter: The ammeter is designed for the monitoring of each system, and it is, therefore,
important that the correct replacement part number be used if replacement should be required. In the event
of low aircraft battery voltage (very possible in ground checks), the ammeter readings will be lower than at
full voltage. Provided the ammeter needle reads in the shaded range on the scale (full aircraft voltage),
current flow is considered as normal.
e. Switches: The switches for each system are mounted in the overhead switch panel.
f. Circuit Breakers: The circuit breakers are mounted in the circuit protector panel; one in the
panel on the left side of the cockpit and one in the panel on the right side.
14-22. DEICER SYSTEM OPERATIONAL CHECK.

a. Chock wheels and operate the engine at near takeoff power.
b. Turn deicer system switch ON for the side being checked and activate the Ground Test Switch.
c. With the ammeter selector switch in the proper position, observe the ammeter for at least two
minutes.
d. The ammeter needle must "flicker" approximately every 34 seconds as the step switch of the
timer operates. The needle must also be in the green arc during all four phases of the cycle.
e. With engine stopped, remove top engine cowl and unplug the lip deicer boot at the plug and at
the ground lead disconnect.
f. With auxiliary power plugged in and deicer switch ON, check for proper operation of the ice
deflector door, located beneath the air inlet screen, by observing back through the air inlet and down
around each side of the engine. Also check operation of the bypass door located on the underside of the
bottom engine cowl at the rear of the engine. (Refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
g. Have an assistant activate the Ground Test Switch and feel the propeller deicer boots for proper
sequence and operation. The starting point is not important, but the sequence is vital and must
be: outboard elements; then inboard elements in that order.
NOTE
The ammeter will not read through two phases of the two minute
cycle and will read slightly lower than what was observed with the
engine running during the two prop deicer phases due to the lip
deicer being inoperative.
CAUTION
Due to the Parting Strip element being on continuously and the
suddenness and heat intensity of the lip deicer elements, the boot
must be observed closely while testing it, for signs of overheating,
or the boot could be destroyed.
h. There are two ways of checking the operation of the lip deicer safely:
1. Obtain a 28 VDC power source that is capable of supplying 16 amps. Connect the negative
lead to the ground lead of the deicer and touch the positive lead individually to the three terminals of the
plug from the deicer.
6C14
Figure 14-3. Propellerand EngineAir Inlet Lip Deicer System
6C15
1402
NOTE: REFER TO SECTION XV FOR SCHEMATIC.
Figure 14-4. ElectricalDiagramShowingCycle Sequence
NOTE: REFER TO SECTION XVFOR SCHEMATIC.
Figure 14-5. ElectricalDiagramShowingCycleSequence
Reissued: 2/6/81 ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES
6C16
1402
Figure 14-6. Electrical DiagramShowingCycle Sequence
1402
Figure 14-7. ElectricalDiagramShowingCycle Sequence
6C17
2. This method requires connecting the deicer ground wire at the quick-disconnectterminal,
and one person in the cockpit with Master and Deicer Switches ON and the Ground Test Switch activated
while a second person simply connects the deicer plug to the mating plug, supplying system power, long
enough to make the check stated in Step i of this paragraph; then disconnecting plug and waiting for the
second lip deicer phase to begin.
NOTE
The timer will only operate as long as the Ground Test Switch is
activated, thus the latter method may be used to check for proper
system cycling by referring to Figures 14-4through 14-7and
provided the followingWARNINGis observed.
WARNING
Maintain the connection only as long as necessary to meet the
particulars stated in Step i of this paragraphand by no means long
enough that the deicer becomes too hot to touch.
i. The temperature rise of the boots should be noticeable and if local hot spots are apparent, the
boot is damaged and must be replaced unless surface damage is evident. Surface damage, if not extensive,
may be repaired in a similar manner as that stated in Paragraph 14-41.
14-23. TROUBLESHOOTING. Troubles peculiar to the deicing system are listed in Table XIV-VI at the
end of these instructions, along with their probable causesand suggestedremedies.
14-24. USING THE AMMETER. Whether in flight or during ground testing, the ammeter can be used to
indicate the generalnature of most electricalproblems.The troubleshooting chart is primarilybased on this
use of the ammeter and assumesthat the user does understand all normal operating modes of the system as
givenin Principlesof Operation, Paragraph14-21.
NOTE
When troubleshooting, first use the "ammeter test" and "heat
test" to determine which circuits are involved.Use circuit diagram
for assistanceto check voltagesor continuity.
14-25. HELPFULTIPS.
a. If the ammeter reading drops to one-third normal current, this indicates that one heater circuit is
open.
b. Excess current reading on the ammeter alwaysindicates a power lead is shorted to ground. Thus,
when trouble of this nature is found, it is vital that the grounded power lead be located and corrected.
c. A considerablenumber of timers that have been returned for repair, proved to be fully workable
when tested. Accomplish the test described in Paragraph 14-53 before concluding that the timer is
defective.
6C18
14-26. INSPECTION.
14-27. 50-HOUR INSPECTION.
a. Perform entire procedure for each engine as stated in Paragraph 14-22.
b. Remove spinner dome and upper engine cowl. With assistant observing deicer ammeter and with
deicer switch ON and Ground Test Switch activated, flex all accessible wiring - particularly the deicer lead
straps, leads from the slip ring assembly, and the fire wall electrical connectors and their wiring. Any move-
ment of the ammeter needle other than the "34 second flicker" of cycling, indicates a short or break that must
be located and corrected. Perform this test for both left and right systems.
14-28. 100-HOUR INSPECTION.

a. Remove cowling in accordance with Removal of Engine Cowling, Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
b. Conduct 50-hour inspection.
c. Check for radio noise or radio compass interference by operating each engine at near takeoff
power and with radio gear ON while turning each device switch ON and OFF. If noise or interference
occurs with deicer switch ON and disappears when switch is OFF, see troubleshooting chart.
d. Ascertain that all clamps, clips, mountings, and electrical connections are tight. Check for loose,
broken, or missing safety wire.
e. Deicer Boots: Closely check the boots for wrinkled, loose, or torn areas particularly around the
ends of the boots and where the propeller boot strap passes under the strap retainer. Look for abrasions or
cuts, especially along the leading edges and the flat or thrust face of the propeller boots. If heater wires are
exposed in damaged areas or if rubber is found to be tacky, swollen or deteriorated (as from oil or solvent
contact), replace the damaged deicer in accordance with Paragraphs 14-42 to 14-47.
NOTE
Look for cracks or other damage. Operate propeller from "full

pitch" to "feathering" and check that deicer lead harnesses do not
come under tension or are pinched by propeller blade. (Refer to
Figure 14-22 or 14-23.)
f. Slip Rings: Check slip rings for gouges, roughened surface, cracks, burned or discolored areas,
and for deposits of oil, grease or dirt.
1. Clean greasy or contaminated slip rings with CRC 2-26 solvent. (This solvent is available
from CRC Chemical Division, Webb Inc., CJ10 Limekiln Pike, Dresher, Pa. 19025.
2. If uneven wear is found or if wobble is noticed, set up dial indicator as shown in Figure 14-8
to check alignment of slip rings to propeller shaft.
g. Brush Block - Brushes: Examine mounting brackets and housing for cracks, deformation or other
physical damage.
1. Test that each brush rides fully on its slip ring over 360 ° . Figure 14-9 shows wear pattern if
this condition is not corrected. If alignment is off, shim where brush block attaches to mounting bracket.
The shim is a series of laminates and may be peeled for proper alignment of brushes to slip rings. If old shim
is not thick enough, a new one must be installed.
6C19
2. Check for proper clearance of brush block to slip rings as shown in Figure 14-11. If not correct,
loosen mounting screws and move in elongated holes to correct block position before tightening securely.
3. Check brushes for wear limitation. (Refer to Paragraph 14-30 and Figure 14-10.)
4. Visually check brush block for approximately 2° angle of attack. (Refer to Figure 14-11.) If
not, loosen mounting screws and twist block but be sure to hold clearance limits shown when tightening.
h. System Wiring: With deicer systems operating, have assistant observe ammeter while visually
inspecting and physically flexing wiring from brush blocks through fire wall, to timer, to ammeter, to switch
and to aircraft power supply. The ammeter will flicker as the timer switches approximately every 34 seconds
in the cycle. Jumps or flickers at other times indicates loose or broken wiring in the area under examination at
that moment. In such cases, check continuity through affected harness, while flexing and prodding each wire
in the area that gave initial indication of trouble. Use the wiring diagram in Section XVto trace circuitry.
Perform the same test on the engine inlet lip deicers with the system switches on, and the assistant pressing the
Ground Test Switch.
CAUTION
Do not hold the switch on for any length of time as an overheating

condition may result.

6C20
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
Figure 14-8. SuggestedUse of Dial Indicator
14-29. REPAIR PROCEDUREFOR INDIVIDUALCOMPONENTS.

14-30. CHECKINGFOR BRUSHWEAR. Insert smalldiameter wire through hole in rear of brush retainer
assembly. (Refer to Figure 14-10.)Replace brushes if the length of the inserted portion of wire measures
more than 1.625 inches.
14-31. REPLACEMENTOF BRUSHES.
a. Disconnectleads from terminalson brush retainer assembly.
b. Remove brush retainer assemblyfrom mounting bracket by removingattaching screws.
c. Separate brush retainer assemblyby the followingprocedure: (Refer to Figure 14-10.)
1. Removeterminal block by removingthe four attaching screws.
2. Movethe guide block laterally to disengagethe dowl pins from retainer block.
3. Heat terminal stud to melt solder in order to remove brush leads from stud.
d. Reassemblebrush retainer assemblyby the followingprocedure:
1. Install insulation on "A" & "B" brush leads.
2. Solder brush leadsto terminal stud.
NOTE
New springsshould alwaysbe used when replacingbrushes.

3. Position brushes and spring into guide block and engagethe guideblock onto the dowl pins
on the retainer block.
6C21
BRUSH LOCATED
SLIP RING INCORRECTLYON
SLIP RING
NOTCH WORNIN BRUSH

DUE TO MISALIGNMENT
Figure 14-9. Centering of Brusheson Slip Rings
4. Position terminal block on brush retainer. assemblewith four attaching screws.

e. Position brush retainer assemblyon mounting bracket and secure with attaching screws.
CAUTION
Side loads on brushes should be avoidedto prevent brush damage.
f. Attach electrical lead to terminal studs making certain the lead is connected to proper stud.
g. Check for free movement of brushes by pushing the brushes back into the block and allowingthe
spring pressure to return them. DO NOT SNAP. If free movement is impaired, correct the restriction and
recheck.
h. Reinstall the brush block to the mounting bracket utilizing the hardware removed in Paragraph
14-31,b.
NOTE
New deicer brushes must be run in a minimum of two hours of
engine operation prior to energizing the deicer boots. Brushes
should be checked for proper seating and alignment after the run
in period.
6C22
2030
1. BRUSH GUIDE BLOCK
2. BRUSHES
3. RECEPTACLE
4. SPRING
S. BRUSH RETAINER BLOCK
6. TUBING
NOTE
MEASURE BRUSHWEAR AS SHOWN.
X-DIMENSION (INCHES) GIVEN
INDICATES WHEN BRUSHES MUST BE
REPLACED DURING MEASUREMENT
ONLY 1/16 INCH OF BRUSH SHOULD
BE ALLOWED TO PROTRUDE FROM
BRUSH BLOCK.THIS IS THE NORMAL
POSITION OF THE BRUSH WHEN
INSTALLED ON THE AIRCRAFT
BRUSH BLOCK ASSEMBLY
I
17/64
1-7/64
Figure 14-10. Brush Block Assembly

6C23
t
Figure 14-11. Angleof Contact - Brushesto Slip Rings
14-32. ALIGNMENT OF NEW BRUSHES. Any time the brush block assembly is dismounted, the
alignmentat reinstallationmust be checked as described in Paragraph 14-28,g and Figure 14-11.
NOTE
New deicer brushes must be run in a minimum of two hours of
engine operation prior to energizing the deicer boots. Brushes
should be checked for proper seating and alignment after the run
in period.
14-33. SLIP RINGS.
14-34. MACHININGOF THE SLIP RING. Slip rings with roughened or damaged surfaces can be
machined to giveprolonged servicelife. With slip ring assemblyremoved from propeller hub, mount in lathe
not to exceed 0.002 run-out over 360 degree rotation with respect to the mounting surface of the slip ring
assembly.
Take a light cut for smooth finish and cut no deeper than required to removesurface damage.Contact
surfaces of the three slip rings must be parallel within 0.005 inch and flat within 0.005 inch overall -
deviation from flat not to exceed 0.002 inch over a 4 inch arc. If necessary, undercut insulation between
slip rings to a depth of 0.020 to 0.030 inches below the contact surface of the slip rings. The minimum
dimension for re-facing slip ring assembliesshould not be less than 1.160 inch between the copper slip ring
surfacesand the legs of the slip ring assembly.
6C24
Figure 14-12 Brush Module Assembly (3E2011) Figure 14-13. Alternate Module Stacking
Arrangement
A936
1. BRUSHMODULEASSEMBLY3E2011-1
4 SPACER
5 SCREW
6 WASHER
7 LOCKWASHER
8. NUT
Figure 14-14. Modu lar Brush Assembly (3E2044-1)

6D1
NOTE
If in machining, the solder or braze connection on the underside
of the slip ring is exposed, replacement of the slip ring assembly
will be necessary.
14-35. REPLACEMENT OF SLIP RINGS. Slip ring assemblies that are open or shorted electrically.
cracked or damaged structurally, or which have damaged surfaces beyond the scope of minor repair to clean
up, should be replaced with a new slip ring assembly.
14-36. REPLACEMENT OF BRUSH BLOCK WITH MODULAR BRUSH ASSEMBLIES. Modular

brush block assembly, P/N 3E2044-1, is a direct replacement for brush block assembly, P/N 4E1311-2.
Instructions concerning replacement of brush block assemblies with modular brush assemblies are given in
the latest revision of B. F. Goodrich Service Bulletin E-77-54.
14-37. BRUSH MODULE REPLACEMENT. Brush modules should be replaced when .375 inch of brush
material remains: brush modules must be replaced when .250 inch remains. Measure the brushes as shown in
Figure 14-10. Replace brush modules as follows:
NOTE
Brushes are not offered individually as replacements. When a brush

wears out, the module containing it should be replaced.
a. Remove the modular brush assembly from the aircraft by removing the attachment hardware, and
disconnect the engine wire harness.
b. Remove assembly screws and separate modules and spacers.
NOTE
The part number of each module is etched into the surface of the
plastic housing; replace with the same part number module.
c. Restack modules and spacers as shown in Figure 14-14. If there is interference between adjacent
ring terminals, re-orient center module as shown in Figure 14-13.
NOTE
Ascertain flat washer is positioned between star washer and

housing.
d. Reconnect aircraft wire harness and insure adjacent ring terminals are not touching.
e. Install assembly on aircraft and check adjustment.

6D2
TABLE XIV-III. POWER REQUIREMENT FOR 28-VOLT D.C. SYSTEM
LEFT OR RIGHT PROP AND INLET LIP DEICER CIRCUIT
TIMER ELEMENT CYCLE CYCLE LOAD

SEQUENCE HEATED TIME (AMPS)
PARTING STRIP (LIP) CONTINUOUS 13.2 13.8 12.3 12.3
C SHEDDING AREA I (LIP) 34 13.1 - -
D SHEDDING AREA II (LIP) 34 - 12.17
E OUTBOARD PROP 34 - - 13.7
F INBOARD PROP 34 - 13.7
TOTAL CYCLE TIME: 2.2 minutes MAX LOAD: 26 amps MIN LOAD: 22 amps
2330
NOTE: REFERTO SECTIONXV FOR SCHEMATIC.
Figure 14-15. Wiring Diagram. Propeller and Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicing System
6D3
14-38. DEICER BOOTS.
14-39. RESISTANCE CHECK OF DEICER BOOTS. To determine incorrect resistance, short or break the
circuit at the brush-to-slip ring contact: disconnect harness at each timer and use ohmmeter to read resistance
from each deicer circuit lead (Pins B, C. D, E, F of harness plug) to ground.
14-40. REPLACEMENT. If tests show the deicer boots to have an open circuit, to be the wrong resistance
or to be visibly damaged beyond repair as outlined in Paragraph 14-28 of this section, replace the deicer boot
as directed in Paragraphs 14-42 thru 14-51.
14-41. REPAIR OF PROPELLER DEICER LEAD STRAP. Use B.F. Goodrich Field Repair Kit No.
77-802 which contains rubber patch material sufficient for several repair jobs. Cements and solvents specified
in these directions are not included in the kit. (The abbreviation "MEK" in further steps stands for Methyl-
ethylketone.) The following steps apply wherever "cementing" is specified in the text:
a. Clean the area to be bonded or patched with MEK or acetone to remove all grease and dirt. It is
vital that surface be clean for good cementing job. After last wipe with cleaner, quickly wipe surface with a
clean, dry lint-free cloth to remove solvent film.
b. Apply one even coat of EC1300L or EC1403 cement (Minnesota Mining and Mfg. Co.) to area to
be bonded or patched and allow to dry (approximately one hour above 40F). Apply second even coat of
EC1300L or EC1403 cement and allow to dry.
c. Cut the patch (.020 thick rubber to about 1/4 inch large on all sides of the damaged area). The
protective paper is on the side to be cemented. Apply masking tape on the open side to prevent the patch
from curling as cement dries: then strip off protective paper and apply EC1300L or EC1403 cement in a
smooth even coat. Allow to air dry. After one hour. apply second coat and allow to air dry.
d. With cement surfaces either dry or with just a trace of "tackiness." apply light coat of MEK or
Toluol over these surfaces to "re-tackify" and quickly complete the cementing job as directed. Allow one
hour to air dry before peeling off the masking tape or mylar coating on the air side. Rub edges and center
of patch to see that it is holding before releasing for flight. (Approximately 24 hours.)
NOTE
Do not touch cemented surface with dirty or oily fingers.
14-42. REMOVAL OF DEICERS.

a. Release the deicer terminal clamp assembly by removing the safety wired mounting screws. Dis-
connect the deicer wiring harness and deicer leads from the terminal clamp.
b. Use MEK or Toluol to soften the adhesion line between the boot and the mounting surface.
c. Starting at one corner of the deicer, loosen enough of the deicer to grasp in the jaws of vise grip
pliers or similar tool.
d. Apply a steady pull on the deicer to pull it off the mounting surface. Continue using MEK or
Toluol to soften the adhesion lines. Unless the deicer being removed is damaged and is to be scrapped.
cushion the jaws of any pulling tool used. to prevent damage to the deicer surface. Remove very slowly and
carefully. If deicer has failed and is to be returned under request for warranty, extreme care should be exercised
so that no additional damage is incurred to the deicer during and after removal.
e. Remove residual cement from blade. Use Turco #3 or equivalent to help with dried cements.
Figure 14-16. Repair of Lead Strap
14-42a. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF AIR INLET LIP ASSEMBLY. (S N31T-8304001and up.)
a. Disconnect the electrical connector in the lower cowl which supplies power to the lip deicer if
installed.
b. Remove the screws which secure the lip assembly to the lower cowl. Discard all these screws and
replace with new MS24693-C29 (P/N 414 740) screws.
c. Gently pry the lip from the intake scoop.
d. Prior to replacing the lip assembly onto the intake scoop inspect the anchor nuts for their locking
ability by trying to screw the new attachment screws into the anchor nuts by hand pressure only. Replace any
anchor nut NAS686A06 (P/N 406 824) which will allow screw engagement by hand pressure only.
e. Prior to installing the lip assembly. coat all new attachment screws with No. 222 Loctite. Make sure
the thread bearing surface is completely coated.
f. Install the lip assembly and secure with the new Loctite coated screws. Wipe off any excess Loctite
from around the lip and screw heads.
g. Reconnect the electrical connection of the lip deicer if installed.
14-43. PREPARATION OF SURFACE PRIOR TO INSTALLATION OF DEICER. The following

procedures are to be followed when preparing the propeller blade surface and the air inlet lip so the deicer
boots may be correctly installed:
Propeller Blade Preparation:
a. Mark and cut from masking tape a pattern the size of the propeller deicer including the first inch
of the lead strap. (Refer to Figure 14-17.)
b. Place a mark at the hub end of the blade in line with the blade leading edge. The location for this
mark can be determined by sighting along the leading edge. Starting at the hub (see following NOTE) center
the pattern on this mark and stick the pattern to the leading edge. Mark the position of the deicer lead strap
here it crosses the hub.

6D5
LINE
PATTERN
MASKING TAPE
400
Figure 14-17. Propeller Deicer Installation
Reissued:2/6/81 ACCESSORIESANDUTILITIES
6D6
ZONE
ZONE
S/N 31T-8304001 VIEW A-A
585
STEP 3 STEP 4
Figure 14-18. EngineAir Inlet Lip Deicer Installation
6D7
NOTE
All deicers on a singlepropeller must be located the same distance

from the hub for rotational balance.
c. Remove the pattern and remove any paint in the marked off area. Clean down to bare metal.
Next, clean the area thoroughly with MEKor acetone. For final cleaning,wipe the solvent off quickly with
a clean, dry lint-freecloth to avoid leavinga film.
CAUTION
Cleanliness of metal and rubber parts cannot be too highly

stressed. Only perfectly clean surfaces will assure maximum
adhesion.
d. Using a pencil or pen, mark a centerline at the hub of the propeller blade and on the tape at the
outboard edge of the maskedarea.
Engine Air Inlet Lip Preparation:
e. Clean the surface thoroughly with MEK or acetone. For final cleaning,wipe the solvent film off
quickly with a clean, dry cloth before it has time to dry.
f. Place a strip of 1 inch wide masking tape around the inside and outside of the air inlet scoop so
the leading edge of the tape is along the edge of the recess in the fiberglass.
g. Fill any seams or pockets in the fiberglasswith EC-801 sealing compound; then scuff sand the
entire area lightly. Removesanding dust with a compressedair gun.
14-44. APPLICATIONOF CEMENT. The following procedures are for the application of cement on the
boots themselvesand on the mating surface. Instructions for each type of boot are as follows:
PropellerBlade DeicerBoot:
a. Using a silverpencil, mark a centerline on the glossyside of the deicer.
b. Moisten a clean cloth with MEKor acetone and clean the unglazed surfaceof the deicer, changing
cloth frequently to avoidcontamination of the clean area.
c. Thoroughly mix the EC 300L or EC1403 cement. Apply one even brush coat of cement to the
unglazed back surface of the deicer. Cement one inch of the deicer lead strap. Allow to air dry for a
minimum of one hour at 40°F or above, when the relative humidity is less than 75%. If the humidity is
75% to 90%, allow two hours drying time. Do not apply cement if the relativehumidity is higher than 90%.
After allowing the proper amount of drying time, apply a second even brush coat of EC1300L or EC 1403
cement.
NOTE
If curling of the deicer edges is a problem, apply maskingtape to

the edges of the glazed side before applying cement to the
unglazed side. Remove the tape before starting to install the
deicer.
NOTE
MEK can be used instead of Toluol to tackify cement; however,

tests show that MEK causes rapid drying and provides only 10
seconds working time for deicer application compared with 40
seconds for Toluol.
Reissued:2/6/81 ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES
6D8
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLEXIV-IV. REQUIREDMATERIALSFOR REPAIROF DEICERS

The materials and tools listed below are commercially available
and are not supplied by B.F. Goodrich in kit form:
Item Amount
Cement EC-1300L or EC-1403 (3M Mfg. Co.) 1-1/2 pt. for six blades and inlet lip
Sealer A56B (B.F. Goodrich) 1 pt. for six blades and inlet lip
Cleaning Solvent MEK (Methylethylketone) or Acetone
B.F. Goodrich Filler 82-075A and B or 3M Sealer

EC-801 and EC-1031
B.F. Goodrich Sealer 82-076-1 and -2 or Lowe

Brothers' paint C-19861, C21871 and C-16176
Cleaning Cloth - any clean, lint-free cloth
2 inch Rubber Hand Roller
1/4 inch Metal Hand Stitcher
Scissors
Turco #3 (Turco Products Co.) 1-1/2 pt. for six blades and inlet lip
Masking Tape
d. Apply an even brush coat of EC 1300L or EC 1403 cement on the cleaned surface of the propeller
blade, immediately after the second coat of cement has been applied to the deicer. This timing is important
for the cement on both surfaces to reach the tack stage at the same time.
Engine Air Inlet Lip Deicer Boot:
e. Moisten a clean cloth with MEK or acetone and clean the unglazed surface of the deicer, changing
cloth frequently to avoid contamination of the clean area.
NOTE
For best results, the cementing and installation should be made at

normal room temperature.
6D9
f. Thoroughly mix the EC1300L cement (Piper Code No. 915 005). Apply one even brush coat of
cement to the entire area within the masking tape. Allow to air dry for at least one-half hour.
g. Apply an even coat of EC1300L cement to the unglazed back surface of the deicer. Allow to air
dry for at least one-half hour.
h. When the cement dries on both the air inlet and deicer, brush on another coat of cement on both
the inlet and deicer cemented surfaces. Allow ample drying time of the cement, a minimum of one-half hour.
NOTE
If curling of the deicer edges is a problem, apply masking tape to the

edges of the glazed side before applying cement to the unglazed side.
Remove the tape before starting to install the deicer.
14-44a. PREPARATION OF ENGINE INLET LIP BOOTS PRIOR TO INSTALLATION.

(S/ N 31T-8304001 and up.)
a. Ascertain that the boot is the proper length by laying it out flat on a smooth level surface. The proper
length is 36.75 inches +/-.50 of an inch. measured .75 of an inch in from the electrical lead edge of the boot.
NOTE
Do not install boots which are not the proper length.
b. With the boot laying flat. check the electrical resistance of the heating elements in the following
manner.
NOTE
Establish the resistance of the test instrument leads or a Wheatstone

or Kelvin Bridge. Zero this resistance out of the equipment or
subtract it from the test readings. In no way should it be included in
the test readings. See Table XIV-VA for test values.
c. Do not install a boot assembly that does not conform to the required resistance values given in Table
XIV-VA.
14-45. INSTALLATION OF DEICERS AND REQUIRED MATERIALS. It is imperative that the

following instructions be followed exactly to insure maximum adhesion to the mounting surface. Further-
more. special attention should be given to the distance noted in Figure 14-20to assure a neatly dressed harness
and boot connection at the terminal clamp assembly on the propeller hub.
The following instructions for the propeller deicer and the lip deicer are to be followed when the cement
coats are tacky dry on both deicer surface and mounting surface. It is recommended that two persons perform
the following procedures:
Propeller Deicer:
a. Position the deicer on the propeller leading edge. using centerlines starting from the hub after
tackifying the cement in that area with a clean, lint-free cloth dampened (not saturated) with Toluol. (Refer
to Figure 14-19.) Make sure that the strap will fall in the position previously marked. Working towards the tip,
tack the deicer centerline to the leading edge of the propeller blade. Tackify cement as necessary. If the deicer
is allowed to get off course, pull up with a quick motion and remove deicer. Re-cement per Paragraph 14-44.
c and d if necessary before proceeding. Roll firmly along the centerline with a rubber roller, as shown in Figure
14-20.

6D10
b. Roll the tapered edges. especially the inboard edge, of the deicer with a narrow steel stitcher roller.
CAUTION
To avoid damage to resistance wires, do not use metal stitcher on

body of deicer.
c. Apply one even brush coat of sealer around the edges of the installed deicer.
d. Remove the masking tape from the blade immediately after applying the sealer.
e. Allow 24 hours cement curing time before turning up propeller. Allow 72 hours curing time before
operating the deicers. Handle the propeller carefully to prevent damage to the deicers.
Engine Inlet Lip Deicer: The following procedure should be used when bonding the deicer to the engine air
inlet:
f. To bond each section of the deicer to the air inlet, tackify it by using a clean, lint-free cloth
dampened (not saturated) with Toluol.
NOTE
Tackify only the cemented surface that you intend to work on

immediately.
g. Start the installation at the inside surface of the upper lip, where the deicer butts together. Curl the
deicer so that the cemented surface is facing out: insert the lead wire through the appropriate holes.
h. Dry fit the part against the inlet surface and keep the edge of the deicer against the recess edge of
the inlet.
i. When satisfied that the alignment of the deicer on the inlet is satisfactory, hold the deicer in this
position and fold back the lead wire end and tackify around the lead wire and also the mating surface on the
inlet. Press the deicer into position and roll with rubber roller.
j. Repeat Step "i" on the other end of the deicer and butt the two ends together on the inlet surface.
Press into position and roll with rubber roller.
k. Now that the deicer ends are correctly in position and held. release your hold on the rest of the
deicer. Tackify approximately one inch around the inside lip up from the recess edge and the mating surface
on the deicer.
1. Install the inside radius first. Keep the deicer taut from the lead wire to radius and against the recess
edge. Continue to install the deicer by dividing each remaining section along the inside recessed edge. Work
the entire inside edge of the deicer into place. Some stretching or crowding of the deicer may be necessary.
m. After the inside of the deicer is in position along the recess edge. tackify the remaining inside lip
surface and the mating surface of the deicer up to the leading edge. Roll the installed surface with a rubber
roller. Run your hand across the installed surface to check for trapped air. remove any trapped air if found.
n. After the inner surface of the deicer is installed up to the leading edge. dry fit the deicer over the
leading edge to estimate the amount of stretching or crowding of the deicer that may be needed.
o. Starting again at the butt splice of the deicer. tackify and install over the leading edge. Keep the
butt splice together. Tackify and install the flat surfaces first and then stretch the deicer over the radius ends.
p. Using the rubber roller. again roll the entire deicer surface and check for trapped air.
q. Use a hook trim knife to trim any excess material. Use the .25 inch steel stitcher to roll the recessed
edges firmly into place.

Revised:4/25/83
6D11
r. Apply one even coat of sealer around the edge of the installed deicer outside and inside the intake
scoop and in the seam at the top of the scoop where the ends of the deicer meet. (Refer to Figure 14-18.)
s. Seal the area around the wire leads where they pass through the lower cowl with RTV Sealer 102
Silicone rubber.
t. Remove the masking tape from around the edges of the deicer immediately after applying the
sealer. Clean up excessive cement with MEK.
u. The deicers should not be operated before the cement has dried for a minimum of eight hours.
Avoid handling the deicer when removing the bottom cowl or for any other purpose, to prevent damage to
the heating elements.
14-45a. INSTALLATION OF ENGINE INLET LIP DEICER AND REQUIRED MATERIALS. (Refer
a. After dimensional and resistance tests are properly completed. lay the boot on a clean, flat dry
surface with the wire leads side up. Clean this surface with Methylethylketone (MEK) or Toluol and allow to
dry.
b. Clean the fiberglass lip of the air inlet with MEK or Toluol and allow to dry.
c. Using a yellow marker, mark the inner surface of the boot at increments of .25..50 and .75 of full
length. Also make corresponding marks on the fiberglass lip assembly.
d. Apply one coat of Scotch grip rubber adhesive (#1300L). Piper Code No. 915 005 to both the boot
assembly and the fiberglass lip.
e. Allow both to dry for 45 minutes and then apply a second coat of adhesive to each part. Again allow
to dry for 45 minutes.
NOTE
The next step will require the use of an oven which is capable of
maintaining 170° F for five minutes, and have sufficient volume to
allow the boot assembly to be laid out flat. (Approx. .37 inches.)
f. After second drying cycle, place the boot assembly (cement side up) into the oven and heat soak at
175°F for five (5) minutes.
g. Remove the boot from the oven. Place on a dry flat surface. grip the boot assembly at each end and
gently stretch approximately one inch and hold for two (2) minutes.
h. Put the wire leads through the hole in the fiberglass lip assembly. While doing this. align the .50
length mark on the boot assembly and lip assembly.
NOTE
To bond the deicer boot to the air inlet, it may be necessary to tackifv
the cement. Use a clean, lint-free cloth dampened (not saturated)
with Toluol. Tackify only the cemented surfaces that you intend to
work on immediately.
i. When satisfied that the alignment of the deicer on the inlet is satisfactory. hold the deicer in this
position and fold back the lead wire end and tackify around the lead wire and the mating surface on the inlet.
Using hand pressure only press the boot in place at the wire leads and at the .50 length marks tackifying the
cement as required.
j. Continue to work the boot into place, making sure to align all marks at the .25. .50 and .75 points.
k. Roll the external surface with a hard rubber rolling tool to assure no air bubbles remain between the
rubber boot and the fiberglass surface.
1. Apply masking tape around the edges of the inlet where the boot meets the fiberglass edges (See
Figure 14-18, View A-A) to prevent sealer from contacting any areas beyond the deicer boot edges.
m. Apply one even coat of sealer around the edge of the installed deicer. both outside and inside of the
intake scoop and in the seam at the top of the scoop where the ends of the deicer meet.
n. Seal the area around the wire leads where they pass through the lower cowl with EC-801B-Class A2
Compound (MIL-S-7502B).
o. Remove the masking tape from around the edges of the deicer immediately after applying the
sealer. Clean excessive cement with MEK.
p. When the boot has cooled to room temperature (70° F) repeat the resistance test prior to installation
of assembly to the engine cowling.
g. The deicers should not be operated before the cement has dried for a minimum of eight hours. Avoid
handling the deicer when removing the bottom cowling or for any other purpose to prevent damage to the
heating elements.

6D13
401
SPECIALATTENTIONSHOULDBE GIVENTO THIS

DISTANCEWHENLOCATINGTHE BOOTFOR FINAL
BONDINGTO PROP
Figure 14-19. Sealer Application (Prop Boot) Figure 14-20. Sealer Application (Lead Strap)
SCREW
FLAT
WASHER
BULGE ON HARNESS BETWEEN

TERMINAL SCREWS AND CLAMP
TYPICAL BOTH ENDS OF WIRE HARNESS
POSITIONTERMINALS AS SHOWN
TO AVOID INTERFERENCEWITH
PROP HUB WHEN MOUNTING
TERMINAL CLAMP
UNDERSIDEOF CLAMP EDGE OF

A 933 FOR HOOK-UP PROCEDURE PROP HUB
Figure 14-21. Terminal Clamp Assembly

6D14
400
Figure 14-22. Wrinkled Deicers
14-46. PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF SEALER. Propeller and lip deicers loosened due to
destruction of adhesive bond by lubricants do not respond well to re-cementing. Therefore, removal, cleaning.
and reinstallation of the deicers are recommended. (Refer to Paragraphs 14-42. 14-42a. 14-45 and 14-45a.)
a. Clean an area .500 inch wide around the circumference of the propeller deicer down to the bare
metal. The area .250 along the recessed edge outside the intake scoop should be cleaned for the lip deicer. Use
MEK or acetone and clean thoroughly.
b. Clean outer .500 inch and back under deicers about .250 inch on all sides past loosened areas with
M EK or acetone. For final cleaning, quickly wipe off solvent with a clean. dry, lint-free cloth to avoid leaving
a film.
c. Re-cement loosened areas of deicers in accordance with Paragraphs 14-44 and 14-44a.
d. Mix the filler, sealer. or paint thoroughly and in the proper proportions by weight, as given in the
following steps:
1. 82-075A B - one part A one part B.
2. 82-076-1/2 - Twelve parts - 1/one part - 2.
3. EC-1031/EC-801 - Twelve parts 1031/one hundred parts 801.
4. C-19861/C-21871/C-16176 - one part 19861/seven parts 21871/two and two-thirds parts
16176.
e. Locate masking tape approximately .125 inch beyond cemented area around the propeller deicer
to allow application of filler directly to metal. Place masking tape along the edge of the recess on the outside
of the engine air inlet scoop to allow application of filler directly into the gap between the deicer boot and the
edge of the recess. Apply one even brush coat of 82-075A/ B filler (or EC-801 sealer) over the . 125inch of bare
metal, cemented area. and about .125 inch of the boot for the propeller deicers. For the lip deicer. simply fill
the gap evenly and smoothly. (See Figure 14-18.)
f. Insure that a fillet of filler completely covers the area between propeller deicer strap. the blade, and
the hub. (See Figure 14-20.) Immediately remove masking tape from propeller and or engine inlet lip and
allow filler to dry for six hours. Dress the leads as shown in Figures 14-20 and 14-21.
g. Apply new masking tape approximately .125 inch beyond filler to allow application of sealer
directly to the mounting surface. Apply one even brush coat of 82-076-112 sealer (or C-19861/C-16176
paint) over .125 inch of mounting surface, filled area. and .250 inch of deicer. (See Figure 14-19.)
h. Insure that sealer completely covers area between deicer strap and blade on propeller. (See Figure
14-20.) Sealer must also completely cover the area between the deicer and edge of recess on the outside of
the engine air inlet lip. Immediately remove masking tape and allow sealer to dry for 24 hours before starting
engine.

Revised: 4/25/83 6D15
TABLE XIV-V. ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE
Resistance Check Max. Min.
Propeller I Blade each Element 5.26 4.58

Deicer 3 Blades in Parallel 1.78 1.55
Lip Parting Strip

Deicer Shedding Area I
Shedding Area II
TABLE XIV-VA. ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE - LIP DEICER (S/N 31T-8304001 and up)
LEAD WIRE# HEATER ZONE RESISTANCE = OHMS
1 I .966 +/-.05
2 II 1.224 +/-.06
3 III 1.305 +/-.06
III
NOTE: ALL ABOVE VALUES OBTAINED WITH BOOT AT 70°F + -5°F.

6D16
TABLE XIV-VB. LIP DEICER - TEMPERATURE/SENSOR CHECK
TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE (OHMS)
200 286
190 280
180 272
170 264
160 258
150 250
140 244
130 236
120 230
110 224
100 218
90 212
80 206
70 200
60 194
50 188
40 182
30 176
20 170
10 166
0 160
-10 154
-20 148
-30 144
-40 138
-50 132
-60 128
-66 124

6D17
14-47. WRINKLED DEICERS. (Refer to Figure 14-22.) If edge of deicer is found wrinkled or loose, try
re-cementing. Use M EK or Toluol to loosen the bond for an additional 1/4 inch beyond the loose or wrinkled
area. Apply one coat of EC 1300Lor EC 1403cement to the deicer and bonding surfaces and allow to air dry for
one hour. Then apply a second coat of EC 1300L or EC1403 cement to both the deicer and bonding surface.
Allow to dry. Retackify with MEK or acetone and press with fingers to work out wrinkles or to secure loose
edges. If material has stretched and will not cement flat, replace the deicer.
14-48. ELECTRICAL CHECK OF DEICERS.

a. Propeller Deicers:
1. If the propeller is installed on an airplane, the deicer circuits on the propeller must be
electrically isolated from the rest of the airplane wiring when making the following resistance check. The
isolating can be done by removing the brush block, disconnecting the timer and engine wire harness at any
convenient place. or by retracting the brushes and slipping a sheet of paper between the brushes and the slip
rings. If the latter method is used, make certain that the brushes are not misaligned or damaged by insertion
of the paper shim.
2. Check the electrical resistance of each of the elements within the deicer. by checking between
the terminals. (Refer to Schematic, Figure 14-15 and Resistance Readings in Table XIV-V.)
NOTE
The resistance values for Step 2 of this paragraph apply only to

deicers that are completely disconnected from the terminal studs
and electrical connectors.
3. Check the electrical resistance of the elements in parallel by checking between the slip rings.
(Refer to Figure 14-15 and Table XIV-V.)
NOTE
Make all continuity checks of the propeller deicer circuits with the
boot switch OFF and the propeller stationary.
Revised:4/25/83 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6D18
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
4. Check for intermittent open circuits by tensioningthe deicer harness slightlywhilemeasuring

the resistance. Also, press lightly on the deicer surface in the area adjacent to the strap retainer. Resistance
must not vary.
5. Identification of the circuits within the element may be confirmed by referring to the
resistance values and schematic diagram, Figure 14-15. Proper identification is necessaryin order to make
the system cycle properly and to obtain the correct amperagevalues during system operation. Minimum
and maximumohms between common ground and either of the other terminalsis 4.58 to 5.26 ohms.
6. Reconnect circuits that may havebeen disconnectedand remove paper shims, if installed.
b. Inlet Lip Deicer:
1. The air inlet deicer may be checked simply by disconnecting the harness plug and the
ground connectioninside the lower engine cowl. The upper cowl will have to be removed to do this.
2. Check the electrical resistance of each of the elements by checkingbetween each pin in the
plug and the ground lead. Pin 1 is the Parting Strip element; Pin 2 is the SheddingArea I element, and Pin 3
is the Shedding Area 11element. (Refer to Figure 14-15and Table XIV-V or Table XIV-VA.)
3. System power may be checked, and cycle time and sequence can be checked by using a
voltmeter and checkingthe pins in the connector on the aircraft harness with system power on.
4. Reconnect the circuit and install the enginecowl.
14-49. INSTALLATIONOF PROPELLERDEICERSTRAPSANDWIREHARNESS.
a. The deicer lead strap is fastened to the bulkhead in the same positions from which they were
removed.
b. The deicer strap is to be attached to the studs on the spinner bulkhead.
CAUTION
Never use Type "B" star washer (teeth on outer diameter)
adjacent to tongue of deicer terminals.
c. Make certain that there is no slack in the deicer lead strap between the terminals and the clip.
This is important because it assures enough slack between the clip and the strap restrainer to allow for
proper feathering.A test should be conducted on each propeller deicing system to insure that deicer lead
straps are installed in such a manner that the propeller can be moved from full low pitch through the
featheringposition without placingthe straps in tension.
NOTE
Deicers should have a piece of gray plastic bonded to the air side
(shiny side) of the deicer strap as shown in Figure 14-23.
d. If damage occurs to slip ring wire harness, rubber spacersor hose clamps,replace damagedparts.
14-50. BALANCING.To assure balance of the propeller assembly, the original balancingweightsor their
equivalents must be reinstalled. The weights must be left in their originalposition on the propeller hub. The
restrainer and weights should not interfere with any part of the propeller assemblyunder any condition. If
for any reason balanceweightswere removed,reinstallsafety wire on screws.
Revised: 4/25/83 ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES
6D19
Figure 14-23. Propeller Bladein Feather Position
14-51. FINAL ELECTRICALCHECK.

a. Make certain all terminals are tight but not over-torqued.
b. Make sure insulation on all wiresis in good condition, especiallyengine compartment.
c. Make sure all wire ties are tight and in proper places to prevent chafingor interruption of moving
parts caused by loose wires.
d. Make sure all wires are tight in connectors and no bare portion of a wire willshort on any nearby
object.
e. Make sure wiresare not sharply bent, pinched, or pulled tight in their normally installedlocation.
14-52. OTHER COMPONENTS. Do not attempt internal repairs of the timer, ammeter or switches. If
inoperative, these components must be replacedwith one of the correct part numbers. For any other repair or
maintenance problems not covered in this manual, inquire at B. F. Goodrich EngineeredSystemsCompany
Division of the B. F. Goodrich Company, Akron, Ohio 44318.
14-53. TIMER TEST. Field experience indicates that too often the timer is considered at fault when the
true trouble lies elsewhere.Before removinga timer as defective,perform this test:
a. Disconnect wire harness at timer and with deicer switch ON, check voltage from Pin B of harness
plug to ground. If system voltage is not present, the fault is not in the timer. If system voltage is present at
Pin B, check ground circuit usingohmmeter from Pin G to ground. If no continuity is shown, the fault is in
ground lead, not in timer. If ground connectionis open, the timer step switch will not changeposition.
Reissued:2/6/81 ACCESSORIESAND UTLITIES
6D20
b. When power and ground circuits havebeen checked, connect a jumper wire from Pin B of harness
to B contact of timer socket. Connect a jumper wire from Pin G of harness to G contact of timer socket to
complete the power circuit. Now use voltmeter from ground to the timer socket and check that timer is
cycling to deliver system voltage to C, D, E, and F contacts in that order. (The starting point is not
important, but sequence must be as given.) Each of these four contacts must deliver voltage for
approximately 34 seconds, in turn, and there must be zero voltage on the three contacts not energized.
c. If the timer meets these requirements, it is not the cause of the trouble. If it fails to perform as
indicated, the trouble does lie in the timer, and it should be replaced.
THIS SPACEINTENTIONALLYLEFT BLANK
6D21
TABLE XIV-VI. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(ENGINEDEICINGSYSTEM)
Ammeter shows zero Tripped circuit breaker Locate and correct short
current. (All 4 phases switch. before setting circuit
of the 2 minute cycle.) breaker.
Defective power source. If no voltage into
switch, locate and
correct break.
Circuit breaker switch If no voltage at switch
faulty. output with voltage at
switch input, replace
the switch. If voltage
is satisfactory at
switch output, go to
next step.
Ammeter faulty. (If some Test for voltage up to
or all deicersheat with and out of ammeter. If
ammeter at zero, replace low or zero output and
the ammeter.) input satisfactory, re-
place ammeter. If no
voltage to ammeter, lo-
cate and fix break be-
tween switch and am-
meter.
Break between ammeter Disconnectharness at
and timer. timer and check voltage
at Pin B (of harness) to
ground. If none, locate
and correct break.
Ammeter shows normal Open circuit between Use heat test to find
current part of cycle, timer and heating element. deicers not heating and
zero current rest of test for voltage on that
cycle. contact of wire harness
plug. (At brush block
assemblyor connector.)
If zero over 2 minutes,
locate and fix break in
wiring from timer to
wire harnessplug.
Burned out lip deicer. Replace.

6D22
TABLEXIV-VI. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(ENGINEDEICINGSYSTEM)(cont.)
Ammeter showsnormal Break between brush block If there is voltage to

current part of cycle, assemblyand prop deicer brush block wire harness
zero current rest of lead straps. plug, try voltage at
cycle. (cont.) junction of deicer lead
and slip ring lead. If
no voltage, find and
correct break in wiring
within brush block or
no contact of brush to
slip ring.
No ground circuit, one If voltage is found at
engine. deicer leads, locate
and fix break from deicer
to ground.
Ammeter showsnormal Elementsof different Locate and repair in-

current part of cycle, phasesheating in the correct connections.
low current rest of same phase.
cycle.
Breakin deicer or slip Disconnect deicers to
ring leads. check heater resistance
as in Paragraph 14-48.
If satisfactory, locate
and fix break in slip
ring leads.
Highresistance in cir- If not in contact of
cuit with low current. brush to slip ring (in-
cluding ground brush),
trace wiring to deicer
and to timer to fix
partially broken wire,
loose or corroded connec-
tion.
SheddingArea I and/or Replace deicer if current
SheddingArea II phases exists at all terminals
of lip deicer inoperative during a cycle.
but PartingStrip heater
working.

6D23
TABLE XIV-VI. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(ENGINEDEICINGSYSTEM)(cont.)
Ammeter showslow current Aircraft voltage low. Checkvoltage into switch.

over entire cycle.
Ammeter faulty. Test for voltageup to
and out of ammeter. If
low or zero output and
input satisfactory, re-
meter.
Highresistance up to Checkfor partially
timer. broken wire, loose or
corroded connection in
wiring from aircraft
supply to timer input.
Ammeter shows excess Ammeter faulty. Test for voltage up to

current over entire and out of ammeter. If
cycle. low or zero output and
input satisfactory, re-
meter.
Ground between am- Disconnectharness at
meter and timer. timer and with ohmmeter
check from Pin B (of
harness) to ground. If
ground is indicated, lo-
cate and correct short.

6D24
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLE XIV-VI. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(ENGINEDEICINGSYSTEM)(cont.)
Ammeter showsnormal cur- Ground between timer and Disconnect leads at brush
rent part of cycle,excess brush block. block and, with ohmmeter,
current rest of cycle. check from power leads
to ground. If ground is
indicated, locate and
correct short.
Ground between brush If no short exists at
block and deicers. brush-slipring contact
(Excluding ground check for ground from
brush circuit.) slip ring lead to pro-
peller assemblywhile
flexingslip ring and
deicer leads.If a
ground is indicated,
locate and correct
short.
Short between two ad- Check for cuts or low
jacent circuits. resistancebetween circuits.
If any, locate and correct.
Timer faulty. Test timer as in Para-
graph 14-53.
Ammeter does not Timer ground open. Disconnectharness at

"flick" approxi- timer and check with
mately every 34 ohmmeter from Pin G (of
seconds. harness)to ground. If
no circuit, fix break
per schematic diagram.
Timer contacts are Test timer as in Para-
welded(caused by short graph 14-53.If timer
circuit in system.) does not cycle with
voltage at Pin B, replace
timer but be sure short
causingoriginal failure
has been located and
corrected.

6E1
Ammeter flicks between Loose connection be- If trouble occurs over en-
34 second phase periods. tween aircraft power tire cycle, trace wiring
supply and timer input. from power source to timer
input to locate and tighten
loose connection.
Loose or poor connection If trouble occurs in part
timer to deicers. of cycle, find which de-
icer are affected and
check for rough or dirty
slip rings causingbrush
to "skip," or poor
connection at plug. If
not this, trace circuits
to locate and fix loose
or poor connection.(If
all heaters on one deicer
are affected, check the
ground circuit.) Flex
deicer straps for break
in deicer straps.
Timer cycleserratically. Test timer as in Paragraph
14-53.
Radio noise or inter- Brushes"arcing." Check brush alignment as

ference with deicers on. shown in Figures 14-9.
and 14-11.Look for rough
or dirty slip rings. If
this is the cause, clean,
machine or replace slip
ring assembly,as re-
quired. Check slip ring
alignment. (Refer to Para-
graph 14-34.)
Loose connection. Refer to "Ammeter flicks

between 34 second phase
periods."

6E2
Radio noise or inter- Switch faulty. Try jumper wire across

ference with deicers on. switch - if radio noise
(cont.) disappears,replace the
switch.
Wiringlocated within Relocate at least 8
8 inches of radio equip- inches away from input
ment wiring. wiring to radio equip-
ment
Cyclingsequencenot Crossedconnections. Check system wiring

correct. circuit diagramfor
improper connections.
Rapid brush wear or Brush block out of Check brush alignment.

frequent breakage. alignment. (Refer to Paragraph
14-33.)
Slip ring wobbles. Check slip ring align-
ment with dial indicator
Reissued: 2/6/81
ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES
6E3
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
14-54..PNEUMATICDEICINGSYSTEM.
14-55. INTRODUCTION.This portion of Section XIV provides service and maintenance procedures for
the pneumatic deicingsystem. This information is current as of the time of this issue.
14-56. DESCRIPTIONAND PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION. Each deicer boot is essentially a fabric
reinforced rubber sheet, containing built-in inflation tubes. The deicers are attached, by meansof cement,
to the leading edge of the surfaces to be protected.
The deicers are installed alongthe leadingedges of each wing and the tail surfaces. All sectionsoperate
simultaneously. There are flexible air connections on the backside of the deicers called "air connection
stems." Each stem projects from the underside of the boot into the leading edge, through a round hole
provided in the metal skin, for connection to the airplaneair supply system.
Vacuum is applied to the deicer boots at all times by means of the deicer ejector, except when they
are being inflated. Deicer inflation is affected by the deicer system control switch. When the system control
switch is actuated, the timer energizes the deicer solenoid engagevalve for 6 seconds. This valveshuts off
the vacuum to the system and directs pressurizedair to all the deicers in the system inflating them. The
deicer pressure, normally 20 psig is regulatedbleed air from the compressorturbine section of each engine.
The bleed air leaves the bleed port on both enginesat a temperature of 600F and a pressureof 90 psi. and
travels to the intercoolers where the heat exchange process is taking place. As the air is cooled it is routed
to check valvesand on to a tee in the line where a water separator is mounted. This separator removesany
moisture from the air before it enters the pressure regulator. This regulator decreasesthe pressurefrom 90
psi, down to 18psi.+1,-3 psi. for door sealand deicer operation (Refer to Section XIII, orXIIIA for Door Seal
System.) This pressure regulator is backed up by a pressure relief valve which cracks open at 21 psi. and
becomes full open at 26 psi. should the regulator fail to open. This regulated air is then routed to a three
way valve which directs the pressurized air to the deicer system. Upon automatic de-energizationof the
solenoid valve by the timer, system pressure is bled to ambient by means of the ejector. This process of
bleeding air overboard creates the system vacuum which is then reapplied to the deicers to hold them close
to the surface skin. Pneumatic system pressure can be monitored during deicer inflation through the
pneumatic pressuregaugelocated on the instrument panel.
A thin coating of conductive cement is provided over the neoprene ply to dissipate static electric
charges.These charges,if allowedto accumulate,would eventually dischargethrough the boot to the metal
skin beneath, causing static interference with the radio equipment and possible punctures in the rubber.
Also, such static chargeswould constitute a temporary fire hazard after each flight.
14-57. TROUBLESHOOTING.In the utilization of the troubleshooting charts at the end of these
instructions, it must be assumed that the engine bleed air system and the airplane electrical system are
operational. It is further assumed that the deicer system installation was made in an approved manner.
14-58. OPERATIONAL CHECK. The pneumatic deicing system should be checked at least every 100
hours. This check can be done on the ground. A visual inspection should be performed to determine the
condition of the deicer boots, and any areas in need of repair should be taken care of before continuing
with the operational check of the system.
With one engine operating, turn on the deicingsystem. The pressure will fluctuate as the tubes inflate
and deflate. Check the pneumatic pressure gauge. If pressure is satisfactory, observe the operation of the
deicers carefully for evidence of malfunctioning. Look for tubes which leak or fail to inflate and deflate
properly. Repeat the procedure for the other engine.
14-59. ELECTRICALTEST. With enginesoff, turn airplane battery switch to ON position.
a. Deicer Solenoid EngageValve: Check the valvelocated beneath the center floorboardjust aft of
fuselagestation 162.60.Turn system switch to ON position. Solenoid valveshould be actuated immediately
for 6 seconds, as evidenced by an audible "click" that can be felt if hand is placed on the solenoid. If

6E4
solenoid valvedoes not function:

1. Disconnect wiresat solenoid. Attach test light or other suitable test equipment to connector
and reactuate system switch. If test equipment does not indicate complete circuit:
(a) Check circuit from timer, to solenoid connector, to ground.
(b) Replace timer.
2. Use ohmmeter to check solenoid for open circuit. If solenoid circuit is open, replace
solenoid valve.
14-60. PRESSURELEAKAGETEST.
a. Connect a source of clean air to the deicer air system at the outlet port of the deicer solenoid
engage valve. It is necessary that the inlet pressure be 20 psig to perform this test. Observethe system
pressureson the airplane's pneumatic pressuregauge.
b. Apply 20 psig pressure to the system by meansof a hand operated on-off valve.
c. Waituntil system pressurestabilizes;then turn hand valveOFF trapping the pressurein the deicer
system.
d. Observethe system for leakage.The leakagerate should not exceed a pressure drop of 4 psigper
minute.
e. Release system pressure; remove test equipment; lubricate all threads and replace any
components that were removed.
14-61. PNEUMATICREGULATORADJUSTMENT.The pneumatic pressure regulator is adjusted by the
manufacturer to provide adequate pressure for the aircraft pneumatic system. The regulator may be
checked by removing the fuselage floorboard panel closest to fuselage station 162.60. The regulator is
located on the right side of the fuselage.To check for proper operation of the regulator, start one engine
and observe pneumatic pressure gauge.The gauge should read 18 psi. The regulated air pressure can be
increased by looseningthe jam nut on the top of the regulator and turn the adjustment screw clockwise;
then tighten jam nut. To decrease pressure the adjustment screw is turned counterclockwise.When proper
pressure is set, reconnect the pneumatic line to the regulator outlet port; start one engine and check the
pneumatic pressuregauge against that of the test instrument just used. If the reading-differs,the pneumatic
pressure gaugeis inaccurate and should be replaced.
14-62. COMPONENTMAINTENANCEAND REPLACEMENT.
14-63. TIMER. No field maintenance is recommended. See Parts Catalog for replacement or vendor for
repairs.
14-64. INSPECTIONS.A ground check of the entire deicer system should be made at least every 100
hours. To permit ground checking the system without engine operation, disconnect the pneumatic system
(engine bleed air) line at the engine and connect a hose from shop air to the pneumatic line with air
regulated to 22 psig.The system operating pressureis 18 psig.
Before checking the system, all deicers should be inspected for damaged areasand repaired according
to the procedure in this section outlining the cold patch or vulcanizedrepairs. In order to check the system,
a deicer piping diagram drawing is necessary to determine the operating pressure and the inflation time
allotted to the deicers.
14-65. GROUNDPROCEDURE. After the test pressurerange is established, connect an external source of
air providing this pressure to the test plug. A check valve in the line prevents air from being forced back
through the engine bleed air ports. Activate the system and check the operating pressure. The pressure
should be within I psig of the recommended operating pressurewith each inflation.
If the deicersdo not reach the operating pressure,check the solenoidvalve for proper operation. If the
boots deflateslowly,the linesor ejectorassemblymaybe plugged.Thesystemshould inflatein approximately
6 seconds.
Revised: 9/23/81 ACCESSORIESANDUTILITIES

6E5
1405
1. DEICER BOOT, VERTICAL FIN

2. DEICER BOOTS, HORIZONTAL STABILIZER
3. DEICER BOOT, RIGHT WING
4. DEICER BOOT, LEFT WING
5. ENGINE BLEED AIR PORT
6. INTERCOOLER ASSEMBLY, RIGHT
7. SWITCH
8. CHECK VALVE
9. ACCUMULATOR ASSEMBLY
10. PRESSURE REGULATOR
11. DEICE EJECTOR ASSEMBLY
12. VALVE, COAXIAL SOLENOID (3-WAY)
13. INTERCOOLER ASSEMBLY, LEFT
14. ENGINE BLEED AIR PORT
15. PRESSURE SWITCH
16. DEICER TIMER
17. DEICER RELAY
18. CIRCUIT BREAKER
19. PRESSURE VALVE
Figure 14-24. Pneumatic Deicer System Installation
Reissued:2/6/81 6E6 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6E6
TABLEXIV-VII. OPERATINGPRESSURES
RecommendedOperatingPressure Test Pressure

PSIG in PSIG
MIN. MAX.
15 13 17
18 16 20
14-66. 100-HOURINSPECTION.At each 100-hour inspection of the airplane, inspect and operate the
deicer boots. Makechecks as follows:
a. Carefully inspect the deicers for evidence of damage or deterioration and repair or replace
damaged boots.
b. Resurfaceboots which show signsof considerablewear or deterioration.
c. Inspect all hose connections which form a part of the pneumatic deicing system. Replace
deteriorated sectionsof non-kink hose.
d. Check the operation of the boots and the operating pressure of the system as outlined in
Paragraph 14-58.
e. If new or replacement boots have been installed, check the tube inflation to make sure that the
air connection stems have been properly connected.
f. Disconnectall drain linesin the system and check for proper drainage.
g. Check the on-off control switch for freedom of action. Check associatedelectric wiring.
14-67. REMOVALOF BOOTS. The removal of deicer boots should be done in a well ventilated area to
avoid difficulty from the fumes of the solvents. Materialsrequired to remove the boots are: Turco 388 or
Kelite 21, to removedried cement, and MEK(Methylethylketone)in squirt can.
NOTE
Disconnect line fittings from boot fittings.
a. Starting at one corner of the upper trailing edge of the deicer, apply a minimum amount of
solvent to the seamline while tension is applied to peel back the corner of the deicer.
b. Using a pressure handle squirt can filled with solvent, separate the deicer boot from the surface
for a distance of 4 inches all the way along the upper trailing edge.
c. The area between the deicer and the wing which has now been separated will act as a reservoirfor
the solvent,therefore, the deicer can be pulled down towards the leading edge with a uniform tension.
d. From the centerline of the leading edge to the lower -trailingedge of the deicer, use the pressure
handle squirt can to soften the bond between the deicer and the wing skin.
e. Use Kelite 21 or Turco 388 to clean the dry cement off the exposed wing area and clean the area
thoroughly with MEK(Methylethylketone).

6E7
421
ALL
Figure 14-25. Pneumatic DeicerBoots Operation
PRESSURE
INDICATORLT
SURFACEDE-ICE
TIMER
PRESSURE
SWITCH
SURFACEDE-ICE
5 AMP
SW
DE-ICE BOOTS POWER

ENGAGEVALVE RELAY
Figure 14-26. PneumaticDeicer System Schematic

6E8
14-68. REPAIR OF BOOTS. Deicer repairs are classifiedas cold, when made on the boot installedon the
airplane, and vulcanized,made on the demounted boot in the shop.
14-69. COLD REPAIR. The materialsand supplies for making cold repairs are listed in Table XIV-VIII.
a. SCUFF DAMAGE: This type of damage will be most commonly encountered and, fortunately,
it is not necessary in most cases to make a repair. On those rare occasionswhen the scuff is severeand has
caused the removal of the entire thickness of surface ply in spots (the brown natural rubber underneath is
exposed), repair the damage usingPart No. 74-451-16and proceed as follows:
1. Clean the area around the damagewith a cloth dampened slightly with solvent. Buff the area
around the damage with 74-451-75 emery buffing stick so that it is moderately but completely roughened.
Wipethe buffed area with a clean cloth slightlydampened with solvent to remove all loose particles.
2. Select a patch of ample size to cover the damaged area. Apply one even thorough coat of
cement, Part No. 74-451-20, to the patch and the corresponding damaged area. Allow cement to set a
couple of minutes until tacky.
3. Apply the patch to the deicer with an edge, or the center, adhering first. Work down the
remainder of the patch carefully to avoid trapping air pockets. Thoroughly roll the patch with
stitcher-roller,Part No. 74-451-73,and allow to set for ten to fifteen minutes.
4. Wipe the patch and surrounding area from the center outward with a cloth slightly
dampened with solvent. Apply one light coat of A-56-B conductive cement, Part No. 74-451-11, to the
patched area.
5. Satisfactory adhesion of patch to deicer will be reached in four hours. Deicer may be
inflated for checking repair in a minimumof 20 minutes.
b. TUBE AREA DAMAGE: Repair cuts, tears, or ruptures to the tube area with fabric reinforced
patches, Part No. 74-451-16,-17, -18 or-19, dependingon size of damage area.
1. Select a patch of ample size to cover the damage and to extend to at least 5/8 inch beyond
the ends and edges of the cut or tear. If none of the patches is of proper size, cut one to the sizedesired
from one of the largerpatches. If this is done, bevel the edges by cutting with the shearsat an angle.
NOTE
These patches are manufactured so that they will stretch in one
direction only. Be sure to cut and apply the patch selected so that
stretch is in the widthwisedirection of the inflatable tubes.
2. Buff the area around the damage with buffing stick, Part No. 74-451-75,so that the surface
is thoroughly roughened.
3. Apply the patch to the deicer with the stretch in the widthwise direction of the inflatable
tubes, sticking edge of patch in place, working remainder down with slight pulling action so the injury is
closed.Do not trap air between patch and deicer surface.
c. LOOSESURFACEPLY IN DEADAREA (NON-INFLATABLEAREA): Peel and trim the loose
surface ply to the point where the adhesionof surfaceply to the deicer is good.
1. Scrub (roughen) area in which surface ply is removed with steel wool. Scrubbing motion
must be parallel to cut edge of surface ply to prevent looseningit. Buff the edges of the adjoiningsurface
ply 1/2 inch with 74-451-75 buffing sticks, taper down to the tan rubber ply. Removeloose particleswith
solventand rag.
2. Cut a piece of surface ply material, Part No. 74-451-23, to cover the damaged area and
extend at least one inch beyond in all directions.
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLE XIV-VIII.MATERIALAND SUPPLIESFOR COLDREPAIR
Part No. Quantity Description

74-451-C 1 Cold Patch Repair Kit
(FSN 1650-856-7939) (B. F. Goodrich Co.)
74-451-11 1/2 pt. can A-56-BConductive
cement
74-451-16 30 pcs. Smalloval patch 1-1/4
x 2-1/2 in.
74451-17 30 pcs. Mediumoval patch
2-1/2 x 5 inch
74-451-18 10 pcs. Largeoval patch 5 x
10in.
74-451-19 3 pcs. Patch 5 x 19 inch.
74451-20 (2) 1/2 pt. *No. 4 cement (patching
only)
74-451-70 2 Cement brush 1/2 in.
74-451-73 1 1/8 in. Steel stitcher
74-451-75 6 Emery Buffing sticks
74451-87 1 BuffingShield
*This cement willgive best results with the patches in this kit.
The followingitems may be procured from the B. F. Goodrich Co.,
Akron, Ohio, or other manufacturer, as required:
74451-21 6 ft. roll x 6 in. wide Type 21 or 22 fillet
74451-22 15 ft. roll x 2 in. wide Neoprenecoated splicing
tape
74-451-23 4 ft. long x 8 in. wide Neoprenesurface ply
74451-24 1 quart EC-1403cement and/or
(FSN8040-628-4199and/ EC-1300L
or FSN8040-514-1880)
74451-74 1 2-1/2 in. sponge rubber
roller
74-451-100 1 2 in. dia. x 2-1/2 in. rubber
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, Adhesives. Coatings roller
I & Sealers Div. 3M. 223-6N-02 3M Center. St. Paul, MN 55144 EC-801 filler compound
(612) 733-1237
Revised:1/5/84 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6E10
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLE XIV-VIII.MATERIALAND SUPPLIESFOR COLDREPAIR(cont.)
Part No. Quantity Description
The followingmaterialsmay be obtained from local supply:

Toluol
As required Clean, lint-freecloths
(preferably cheese
cloth)
Rolls I in. maskingtape
I Sharp knife
6 ft. long Steel measuringtape
I Fine sharpeningstone
As required *320 grit emery cloth
As required Hypodermicneedles (22
gaugeor smaller)
Methylethylketone(MEK)can be used instead of Toluol, however MEK

causesvery rapid drying and providesonly 10 secondsworking time
compared with 40 seconds for Toluol.
3. Mask off the damaged boot area 1/2 inch largerin length and width than the sizeof surface
ply patch. Apply one coat of cement, Part No. 74451-11, to damaged area and one coat to patch. Allow
cement to set until tacky. Roll the surface ply to the deicer with 2 inch rubber roller, Part No. 74451-74.
Roll edges with stitcher-roller, Part No. 74451-73. Apply just enough tension on the surface ply when
rolling to prevent wrinkling and be careful to prevent trapping air. If air blistersappear after surface ply is
applied, remove them with a hypodermic needle.
4. Clean excesscement from deicer with solvent.
d. LOOSESURFACEPLY IN TUBE AREA: Loose surface ply in tube area is usuallyan indication
of the deicer starting to flex fail. This type of failure is more easily detected in the form of a blister under
the surface ply when deicer is pressurized.If this type of damage (or void) is detected while still a small
blister (about 1/4 or 3/8 inch diameter) and patched immediately, the service life of the deicer will be
appreciablyextended. Apply repair patch as outlined in Paragrapha.
e. DAMAGETO FABRIC BACK PLY OF DEICER DURING REMOVAL: If cement has pulled
loose from the wingskin and adhered to the back surfaceof the deicer, removeit with clean rags and MEK.
In those spots where the coating has pulled off the fabric, leaving bare fabric exposed, apply at least two
additional coats of cement, Part No. 74-451-24.Alloweach coat to dry thoroughly.
14-70. VULCANIZED REPAIR. It is recommended that vulcanized repairs be made by an approved
Deicer Installation Station. The prime purpose of making vulcanized repairs is to make the deicer
completely fit for further service.Careful considerationmust be givento the overall condition of the deicer.
If large parts of the stretch area of a deicer are cracked or checked to a depth of over 0.005 inch, no
attempt to repair should be made. Deicers with occasionalslight checks in the stretch area may be givena
coating of conductive cement to make them serviceable.If the checking is rather deep but restricted to a
Reissued: 2/6/81
6E11
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
TABLE XIV-IX.MATERIALSFOR VULCANIZEDREPAIRS

Part No. Description Qty.
74-451-B SUPPORTKIT, High pressureDeicervulcanizedrepairs 1
74-451-B-1 . MATERIALS KIT .................... 1
74-451-2 . NON-STRETCH FABRIC, Uncured rubber coated 15 ft. x 8 in.
74-451-3 . FABRIC TAPE, Uncured rubber coated ...... 15 ft. x I in.
74-451-4 . . TUBE FABRIC, Uncured .............. 15 ft. x in.
74-451-5 . GUM, 0.005 Uncured ................. 15 ft. x 2-3/4 in.
74-451-6 . GUM, 0.020 Uncured ................. 15 ft. x 8 in.
74-451-7 . TREATED PAPER, Holland or silicone ...... 30 ft. x 8 in.
74-451-8 . VULCANIZING CEMENT, No. 60 ......... I qt.
74-451-9 . VULCANIZING CEMENT, No. 61 ......... qt. 1
74451-10 . SOAPSTONE ..................... qt. 1
74451-11 . CONDUCTIVE CEMENT, *A-56-B ......... 1/2 pt.
74451-12 . . *NEOPRENE PUTTY ................ 1/2 pt.
*These cements havean extended shelf line if kept under refrigeration from 0 to 40 F.
small area, the deicer may be made serviceableby repairing the damaged area. Deicerswhich have been
swelled or softened by contact with oil or other harmful agents,should be scrapped. Injurieswillvary from
minor ripping of the tube or stretch areas which may make repair exceedingly difficult or actually
impossible.The determination of just where this divisionbetween repairable and unrepairable damageexists
will, of necessity, depend upon the carefuljudgment of the inspector and upon the experienceand training
of the workman.
14-71. MATERIALS FOR VULCANIZEDREPAIRS. The effectiveness of any repair largely depends
upon an analysis of the damage and the selection of correct repair material. Deicers are compounded to
resist sunlight and weather and retain flexibility. It is recommended that only materials as listed in Table
XIV-IX be used in making vulcanized repairs. They are sufficient to supply a one or two man unit for a
period of from four to six weeks, repairing deicers with the average amount of miscellaneoustypes of
repairs. Select materials specified for making each repair and avoid substitution. Since many of the
materials are dusted with soapstone, wash all materials carefully with washing or cleaningsolvent before
using. Table XIV-X lists the tools and equipment which havebeen found suitable for repair work.They are
designed for a one or two man repair unit.
14-72. DEFINITIONOF TERMS. Terms used in the followinginstructions are explained below:
a. Wash - to clean a surface by means of a clean cloth moistened with Toluol or MEK.(Benzine or
non-leaded gas may be used in place of cleaningsolvent.) Do not permit free solvents to remain on any
surfaces.
b. Route - to remove rubber surfaces around area to be repaired with a hex nut on a shaft attached
to electric buffer.
c. Buff - to roughen surfaceswith Carborundumbuffing sticks or abrasivepaper.
d. Cement - to apply two light coats of fifty-fifty mixture of No. 60 and 61 vulcanizingcements,
unless otherwise specified. Let each coat dry before proceeding.
e. Gum - uncured rubber stock. If cured stock is to be used, it will be so stated.
f. Face Side of Deicer - the side exposed when installed;the conductivesurface side.
g. Restore Conductive Surface - after curing a repair on the surfacesize; apply two coats of A-56-B
conductive cement.

6E12
NOTE
Do not apply A-56-B conductive cement in any area of any
electrical transmittingor receivingequipment
h. Stitch - to force fabrics or gum elements together with metal or rubber roller; stitch from the
center toward the edges to prevent trapping air between the elements.
14-73. GENERALPROCEDURE. Select a repair room with adequate ventilation and air free of dust and
foreign matter. Keep the work bench clean so that foreignobjects will not contaminate cement, solvents, or
damage deicers, and perform the followingsteps:
a. Before starting a vulcanizedrepair, thoroughly clean a fairly largearea surrounding the damaged
portion, as well as the damage portion itself, of any grease, dirt or talc. Use a neutral soap and water
solution; rinse clean and dry with clean cloth.
b. Immediately around area to be repaired, wash carefully with clean cloth moistened in Toluol or
Methylethylketone(MEK)Federal SpecificationTT-M-261.
c. When routing around a deicer injury, removeor cover all cement containers so that dust particles
flying from grindingstone will not contaminate the cement.
d. After buffing or routing an area, removeall dust from the surface of deicer and table.
e. Protect all completed repairs from dust and dirt with a clean piece of holland cloth. Hold holland
in place with maskingtape. Removemaskingtape before curing.
f. Release all air trapped between gum and fabric surfaces and/or deicer surfaces by inserting a
hypodermic needle through the ply to the air pocket.
g. Beforevulcanizing,removeall excess cement and dust particles by washingwith solvent.
h. Use clean brushes when making repairs. Oil, paint, or other residue may impair adhesion.Clean
cement brushes with Benzine or non-leadedgasolineat end of each work day.
i. Use approved safety can for Toluol or MEK.Take screen and spring out of solvent cans before
filling so that all sediment may be removed.
j. Cements should be of such a consistency that they can be applied in a thin smooth coating. If
they are partially set up or lumpy, addition of the proper solvent may restore their usablecharacteristics.
Otherwise, do not use.
k. Do not attempt repairs in temperaturesunder 40°F with listed materials.
1. When humidity is high, moisture may form on freshly washed or cemented areas. If this
condition occurs, wipe moisture off with a clean cloth slightly dampened in solvent before proceedingwith
repair.
m. If but a small area is involvedin repair, and temperature or drying conditions are prohibitive,a
small canopy erected over the area, under which a lighted electric light bulb is placed, may make repair
possible.
n. When repairing deicers, cleanlinessis of prime importance. Keep materials, tools, equipment, and
hands clean at all times.
14-74. CURING. The vulcanizer listed in Table XIV-Xis adjusted at the factory to heat to 285° ± 5F
with the line voltage as specified on the name plate. All curing times called for in this manual are for
285°F. If line voltage is low, the vulcanizer will not heat to 285°F, and, therefore, curing times must be
longer than specified.
Since the curing time varies with the type and position of repair being cured, the times are givenfor
each specified type of repair. Cure repairsas follows:
TABLE XIV-X.EQUIPMENTANDTOOLSFOR VULCANIZEDREPAIRS
Part No. Description Qty

74-451-B SUPPLYKIT, Highpressure Deicervulcanizedrepairs 1
74-451 -B-2 . Tool Kit. Complete ................... 1
74-451 -B-3 . Tool Kit, Special ................... 1
74-451-40 . . VULCANIZER, Large 2-1/2 x 8 ... .. ..
74-451-41 . . PADS, Sponge rubber, 3-1/2 x 11 ........ 3
74-45142 . . CURING METAL, 6 x 10 ............. 2
74-45 1-B-4 .. Tool Kit, Standard .................. 1
74-451-70 . BRUSH,Cement, 1/2 in............... 2
74-451-71 . BRUSH.Cement (Artist) .............
74-451-72 . . SHEARS, 10 in................... 1
74-451-73 . STITCHER,1/8 in. Steel ............. 1
74-451-74 . ROLL, Sponge rubber 2-1/2 in. .......... 1
74-451-75 STICKS, Emery buffing ............. 6
74-451-76 ... KNIFE HANDLE .................. 1
74451-77 . KNIFE BLADE ................... 3
74451-78 . WHETTINGSTONE ................ 1
74451-79 ... HYPODERMIC NEEDLE ........... 6
74451-80 . ELECTRICBUFFER ............... 1
74-451-81 . . MANDREL (for felt wheels) ........... 3
74-451-82 . .WHEELS (felt buffing) .............. 24
74-451-83 . STONE,Grinding,pointed ............. 3
74451-84 . STONE,Grinding, flat ............... 4
74451-85 ... .NUT, Hex ...................... 3
NOTE
Over-curing destroys the flexibility of the deicer. Under-curing
prevents the proper bond from taking place. Therefore, always
watch cure time and temperature carefully.
a. Preheat vulcanizer.
b. Place sponge pad over bottom of unheated plate.
c. Place a piece of clean, unwrinkled(or silicone treated paper) over sponge pad; then place deicer
in position over holland, with area to be cured centrally located over bottom platen. (Repair side up.)
d. Place another piece of smooth, clean holland over spot to be cured.
NOTE
If holland or silicone treated paper is not available, spread a thin

coat of soapy water over surfaces of metal curing sheet and sponge
pad. Allow to dry thoroughly.This will prevent sticking.
Reissued:2/6/81 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6E14
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
Figure 14-27. Marking and Cutting Scuff Figure 14-28. Routing Scuff
e. Place a metal curing sheet over holland and clamp heating element in place. The sizeof the metal
curing plate must be at least one inch larger overall than the heating plate. Tighten heater by hand firmly
but not excessively.
f. Cure for full time as givenfor each type of repair.
g. Test each repair thoroughly after it has cured to determine if fully cured. Test also the strength
and soundness of repair. If, in the stretch or other area (except tube), flex and stretch the area by hand
severaltimes, and then carefully examinefor soundness.If in a tube, inflate to 25 psig.
14-75. SURFACESCUFFS. Repair as follows:
a. Wash surface to be restored and apply one coat of conductivecement. Allowto dry thoroughly.
Add another coat and allow to dry. Dip finger in conductive cement solvent (Isopropyl Acetate) and rub
down with light circularmovement. Do not allow fingerto become dry.
b. Wipe surfacelightly with cloth moistened in Isopropyl Acetate.
c. Inspect for high or low places.High placesrequire additional rubbing down. For low spots, repeat
the last three steps.
d. Allow to dry thoroughly and dust lightly with soapstone.

6E15
PIPERCEYENNE SERVICEMANUAL
Figure 14-29. BuffingEdge of Repair Figure 14-30. Hole Through Surfaceof Tube
14-76. DEEP SCUFFTHROUGHNEOPRENESURFACE.

a. Mark off area to be routed and carefullycut the 0.010 inch Neoprene surfaceply with knife. This
will prevent the surface ply from peeling beyond the area marked when using buffer. Area should include
full width of tube and approximately 1/2 inch beyond scuff.
b. Usingbuffer, route down until pits are removed. Buff 1/8 around outer edge of routed area. Mask
off outside of buffed area and cement.
c. Using mill knife or putty knife, apply Neopreneputty, filling cavity flush with surface.Makesure
cavity is completely filled. Remove maskingtape and cure for 20 minutes.
d. Restore conductive surface.(Refer to Paragraph 14-89.)
14-77. HOLESOR TEARS THROUGHSURFACESIDEOF TUBE AREA. Repair as follows:
a. Mark off area to be routed and carefully cut the 0.010 inch surface ply with knife. This will
prevent the surface ply from peeling beyond the area marked when using buffer. Area should include full
width of tube and approximately 1/2 inch beyond cut.
b. Using buffer, route down to tube fabric. Extreme care should be taken while using buffer so that
surface ply beyond repair area is not loosened,and tube fabric is not injured. Washout area.
c. Cut tube fabric patch slightly larger than size of cavity, making sure that stretch of fabric is
across width of tube.
d. Cement buffed area and contact surfaceof tube fabric patch. Apply tube fabric full size of cavity
and stitch. Remove any trapped air using hypodermic needle. Roll up a small piece of 0.005 inch gum
(about 1/32 inch diameter and 3/4 inch long) and work in around edge of tube fabric using a sharp pointed
object, such as shears. Stitch gum welland cure for 20 minutes.

6E16
Figure 14-31. Routing to Tube Fabric Figure 14-32. Cutting Surfaceof Tube
e. After cure, using Carborundumstick, scratch shine off gun and buff surfaceply 1/8 inch around
repair. Washrepaired area and apply cement.
f. Mask off 1/16 inch beyond repair. Using mill knife or putty knife, apply Neopreneputty, filling
cavity flush with surface. Makesure cavity is completely filled. Remove maskingtape and cure for 15 to 20
minutes.
g. Restore conductivesurface.(Refer to Paragraph 14-89.)
14-78. HOLESOR TEARS THROUGHBACKSIDEOF TUBE AREA. Repair as follows:
a. Route off coating down to fabric at least 3/4 inch beyond cut and wash thoroughly, entire
buffed area and cement.
b. Cut fabric patch; wash and cement; then apply fabric patch and stitch. Removeany trapped air
using hypodermic needle.
c. Wash and cement repaired area; then apply a thin coat of Neoprene putty with mill knife and
cure for 22 minutes.
14-79. HOLES OR TEARS THROUGH TWO SIDES. Repair one side at a time in accordance with
Paragraphs 14-77 thru 14-78.
14-80. HOLE THROUGH DEICER EXTENDING FROM ONE TUBE INTO ANOTHER. Repair as
follows:
a. Route and buff one side at a time as describedin Paragraphsd and e.
b. Workingon surface side, remove in between tube tape 3/4 inch each direction from tear. Route
out in between tube fillet. Do not damage tube fabric wall.

6E17
Figure 14-33. CementingBuffed Area and Patch Figure 14-34. Applyingand Stitching Fabric
c. Slit fabric on backsideof deicer in between tubes 3/4 inch beyond tear.
d. Cut two fabric patches large enough to extend 1/2 inch beyond tear. Stretch of fabric patches
must be with width of tube.
e. Washand cement entire buffed area of deicer and one side of fabric patches.
f. Apply patches, one for each tube, inserting each patch through slit with uncemented sides of
patches back to back. Then stitch each patch to surface side first; tension other ends slightlyand stitch in
place on backside.
g. Washand cement exposed surfacesof fabric patches.
h. Replacegum in between tubes and apply patch to backside.
i. On surfaceside, mask off the repaired area and fill flush with Neoprene putty.
j. Cure surfaceside first for 22 minutes; then the backsidefor 10 minutes.
k. Restore conductivesurface on surface side of boot. (Refer to Paragraph 14-89.)
14-81. HOLE THROUGHDEICEROUTSIDEOF TUBE AREA. Repair as follows:
a. Repair surface side as described in Paragraphd. Then, patch backside as described in Paragraph
14-78 and cure complete repair for 22 minutes. Now, restore conductive surface. (Refer to Paragraph
14-89.)
14-82. INSTALLATION.The following procedure for installing deicers assume that the airplane has
provisionsfor air connections, etc.
6E18
Figure 14-35. Placingand Stitching Gum Figure 14-36. RemovingTrapped Air
14-83. PREPARATION OF LEADING EDGES. If the leading edges are painted, remove all paint
including zinc chromate primer.
a. With one inch (1) maskingtape, mask off leading edge boot area, following1/2 inch margin for
non-recessedboots. Take care to mask accurately, thus eliminatingthe need for cleaningoff excess cement
later.
b. Clean the metal surfaces thoroughly, at least twice, with MEK or acetone. For final cleaning,
wipe the solvent film off quickly with a clean dry cloth before it has time to dry.
NOTE
If desired, zinc chromate primer may be reapplied over bare
leading edges.Whenhard, scuff sand chromate surfaces;then clean
before application of cement.
NOTE
It is permissibleto install deicerson alodined or anodized surfaces.
c. Fill gapsof skin splicesthat lead under deicerswith sealingcompound EC-801.
d. Remove the sump plugs from the air connection grommets. In some cases, it willbe necessaryto
remove sections of doped fabric used to coverthe air connection holes. Drawout the ends of the non-kink
hose section so that they protrude through the connection holes in the leading edge. If hose is cracked or
deteriorated, replacewith new hose.
Reissued:2/6/81 ACCESSORIESANDUTILITIES
6E19
Figure 14-37. MaskingRepair Figure 14-38. ApplyingNeoprenePutty
14-84. PREPARATIONOF DEICER. Moisten a clear, cloth with MEK or acetone and carefullyclean the
rough, back surface of the boot at least twice. Change cloths frequently to avoid recontamination of the
cleaned areas.
14-85. MOUNTING DEICER ON LEADING EDGE. Thoroughly mix EC-1300L cement before using.
Apply one even brush coat to the cleanedback surface of the boot and to the cleaned metal surface.Allow
the cement to air dry for a minimum of one hour. Apply a second coat to both surfaces and allowto air dry
a minimum of one hour. Ambient temperature for installation should be held between 40° and 110°F.
However,longer drying time of the cement coats may be required as the humidity approaches 99%.Deicer
and leading edge may be cemented for a maximumof 48 hours before actual installation, if cemented parts
are coveredand kept clean.
Snap a chalk line along the leadingedge of the airfoil section. Intensify chalk line on leadingedge and
the white reference line on the boot with a ball point pen. Most boots are made with an excess of material
at the inboard and outboard edges for final trimmingafter installation and some recessedboots trim on the
upper and lower edges.
Securely attach hose to deicer connections using clampsor safety wire.
a. Holding the backside of the boot close to the leadingedge, fasten the end of each non-kink hose
to the corresponding air connection stem. Tinnerman or other suitable non-kink hose clamps should be
used for this purpose. Tighten each clamp with a pair of slip joint pliers but do not squeezethe clamp so
tight that the hose is damaged.

6E20
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
NOTE
If non-kink hose clamps are not available, wrap each hose
connection with severalturns of friction tape. Over the tape wrap
two separate bindingsof safety wire, about 1/2 inch apart. Each of
these bindings should consist of several turns of wire. Twist
together the ends of each binding to tighten. Press the twisted
ends down against the hose. Finally, wrap the wire with several
additional turns of friction tape.
b. Push the hose connections into the leading edge grommets or seals, as the case may be. Obtain
sufficient personnel to hold boot steady during installation. (Limit handling cemented side of boot with
fingers.) Continue installation by reactivatingthe cement along the centerline leading edge surfaceand boot
in spanwise strips approximately 6 inches wide. Rubber roll the deicer firmly against the wing leadingedge,
being careful not to trap any air under the deicer. Alwaysroll parallel to the inflatable tubes. Position the
deicer centerline to coincide with leading edge centerline. Hold boot in this position while reactivating
about 3 inches around connections and around correspondingholes in leading edge, usinga clean lint-free
cloth moistened with Toluol. Insert connections in leading edge holes when cement has dried to a tacky
state and rubber roll boot to leadingedge in tackifiedarea.
c. If the deicer should attach "off course," use MEK to remove and reposition properly. Avoid
twisting or sharp bendingof the deicer.
d. Rubber roll, apply pressureover entire surfaceof the deicer. All rolling should be done parallel to
the inflatable tubes. Roll trailingedges with a narrow stitcher-roller.
CAUTION
Avoid excessive soaking or rubbing of the cement which could
remove the cement from the surface.
Remove all masking tapes and clean surfaces carefully with Toluol so that no solvent will run under
deicer edges.
e. Apply masking tape to deicer edges where exposed trimmed ends or gaps between sectionsare to
be filed with MMMEC-801 sealingcompound.
Apply masking tape to deicer approximately 1/4 inch in from trailing edges and tape wing skin
approximately 1/4 inch from trailingedges,both forminga neat, straight line.
f. Apply a brush coat of A-56-Bcement to surfacesbetween tapes and to EC-801 seams,beingsure
that the conductivecoating (A-56-B)is continuous from the deicer surfaceto the wingpainted surface.
g. Removetaps immediatelyafter applyingA-56-Bcement (before cement dries).
NOTE
Application of A-56-B conductive cement is not necessary on
deicers that have "CONDUCTIVE"noted on labels.
CAUTION
The cements and solvents used for installation are flammableand

their fumes slightly toxic. Therefore, all work should be done in a
well ventilated area away from any sparks or flames. (Use of
solvent resistant type gloves is recommended.)
In the event it becomes necessary to remove or loosen installed boots, use Toluol to soften the
"adhesion" line. A minimum of this solvent should be applied to the seam line while tension is applied to
peel back the boot. This removal should be slow enough to allow the solvent to undercut the cement, thus
preventing injury to the part. Excessivequantities of solventmust be avoided.
14-86. ADHESIONTEST. Using excess boot materialtrimmed from the ends of any wingand empennage
deicers, prepare one test specimen for each deicer installed. This specimen should be a 1 x 8 inch full
thickness strip of boot material cemented to the wingskin adjacent to installed boot followingthe identical
procedure used for installation. Leave one inch of the strip uncemented to attach a clamp. Four hours or
more after the installation, attach a springscale to the uncemented end of each strip and measurethe force
required to remove strip at the rate of one inch per minute. The pull should be applied 180° to the surface.
(Strip doubled back on itself.)
A minimum of five pounds tension (pull) shall be required to remove the test strip. If less than five
pounds is required, then acceptability of the boot adhesionshall be based on the followingtests:
a. Carefully lift one corner of boot in question sufficiently to attach a spring clamp.
b. Attach a spring scale to this clamp and pull with force 180* to the surface and in such a direction
that the boot tends to be removed on the diagonal.
c. If a force of five pounds per inch of width can be exerted under these conditions, the installation
shall be considered satisfactory. Remember,the width increasesas the corner peels back.
d. Re-cementcorner followingprevious procedure:
e. Failure to meet this requirement shall result in reinstallation of the boot.
NOTE
Possible reasons for failure are: dirty surfaces, cement not

reactivated properly, cement not mixed thoroughly. Corrosion of
the metal skin may occur if good adhesion is not attained,
especiallyaround rivet heads and metal skin splices.
If these adhesion requirements are met, the airplanemay be flown immediately. Do not inflate deicers
within 12 hours of installation or until adhesion strength of 8 to 10 pounds is obtained.
14-87. MAINTENANCE.Clean deicers when the airplane is washed with a mild soap and water solution.
In cold weather, wash the boots with the airplane inside a warm hangarif possible. If the cleaningis to be
done outdoors, heat the soap and water solution before taking it out to the airplane. If difficulty is
encountered with the water freezing on the boots, direct a blast of warm air alongthe region beingcleaned,
usinga portable type ground heater.
As alternates, use Benzol or non-leaded gasoline.Moisten the cleaning cloth in solvent, scrub lightly,
and then, with a clean, dry cloth, wipe dry so that the cleanerdoes not have time to soak into the rubber.
Petroleum products such as these are injurious to rubber and, therefore, should be used sparingly.

Reissued: 2/6/81
6E22
1488. AGEMASTER NO. I AND ICEX APPLICATION. Agemaster No. I and Icex are chemical
treatments that will. when properly applied, increase the life and efficiency of the deicer boots. Although not
required, it is recommended that both Agemaster and Icex treatments be applied when treating boots.
Agemaster No. I is a chemical treatment that penetrates and bonds to the rubber surface, protecting them
effectively from ozone attack and premature deterioration. To insure proper protection of the deicer boots.
Agemaster No. I should be applied at 150 flight hour intervals and prior to the application of Icex.
Icex is a specially compounded silicone base material which effectively reduces the adhesion of ice to
rubber. This compound was developed for use on deicer boots, rubber abrasion boots and other rubber
surfaces. When properly applied and renewed (at 150flight hour intervals) Icex will provide a smooth polished
film that evens out the microscopic irregularities on the rubber surfaces to assist the boots in removing ice
quickly and cleanly. Agemaster No. I and Icex are applied as follows:
a. There are four approved methods of applying Agemaster No. 1. brushing, swabbing. rolling and
dipping (prior to boot installation).
WARNING
Agemaster should never be sprayed as aeration will occur causing an

extreme fire hazard as well as the loss of vital compounds needed for
the protective agents to penetrate the rubber. Container should be
kept tightly closed when not in use. Apply Agemaster only in a well
ventilated area.
1. Thoroughly clean the boot surfaces of oil. grease and wax with mild soap and water solution.
2. Rinse boots with clean water to ensure that all soap is removed.
NOTE
Ensure all soap is removed from under the leading edges.
3. To prevent staining the surfaces, adjacent to the boots, mask around each edge of the boot
being treated.
NOTE
To ensure proper treatment of the boots. a minimum of two coats of

Agemaster No. I is required. A total of 0.75 fluid ounces per square
foot (200 millimeters per square meter) should be applied. One
gallon will treat approximately 150 to 170 square feet (14 to 18
square meters).
4. Of the four application methods mentioned above1 swabbing is the preferred method for
installed deicer boots. If the swabbing method is selected, plastic or rubber gloves should be used to prevent
the staining of the skin. Apply Agemaster by moistening a two inch by four inch swab of lint-free cloth and
rub into the boot surface with smooth uniform strokes. The swab should be kept wet but not dripping. Cover
the surface evenly and completely. Allow the first coat to dry five to ten minutes before applying a second coat.
Revised:4/25/83 ACCESSORIESAND UTILITIES

I 6E23
5. If the brush or roller method is to be used, apply a single heavy coat at the rate of 0.4 to 0.5
fluid ounces per square feet (130 to 160 millimeters per square meter) using three inch trim roller. Cover the
surface completely and evenly and allow to dry five to ten minutes. A second coat may be applied after the
first coat has dried thoroughly.
6. If the boots are to be handled, allow to dry for at least 30 to 40 minutes before doing so. Allow
boots to dry for a minimum of 24 hours before applying Icex.
b. Icex like Agemaster. is best applied using the swabbing method. Application of Icex should be made
whenever the boots require treatment (approximately every 150 flight hours). It is recommended that Icex be
applied only after the boots have been treated with Agemaster No. 1.
1. When applying Icex with a swab apply in a continuous back and forth (spanwise) motion.
2. If Icex is to be applied without first applying Agemaster No. I thoroughly clean the deicer
boots with a mild soap and water solution. Isopropyl alcohol may be used sparingly on stubborn stains.
However, after using alcohol the surface must again be cleaned with a mild soap and water solution. After
cleaning the boots, thoroughly rinse with clean water and allow to dry completely. Apply Icex as described
previously (one quart will cover approximately 500 square feet or 46 square meters).
NOTE
It should be noted that Icex is not a cure-all for icing problems in

that it will not prevent or remove ice formations nor will it effectively
protect against ozone attack. Its only function is to prevent ice from
strongly adhering to the rubber boots allowing easy and efficient
removal.
Too heavy an application of Icex will result in a sticky surface and

cause dirt and dust to collect on the boot reducing the efficiency
of the Icex and the boot.
14-89. RESURFACING CONDUCTIVE CEMENT. The following materials are required to remove and
replace the old. damaged coating:
a. Fine grit sandpaper.
b. Two inch paint brush.
c. One inch masking tape.
d. Conductive Neoprene cement. No. A-56-B. B.F. Goodrich Co.
e. Isopropyl Acetate, Federal Specification TT-1-720, as cleaning or thinning solvent.
f. Alternate solvent - (Toluol or Toluene may be used as an alternate for Isopropyl Acetate).
CAUTION
Cements and solvents used for resurfacing are flammable and their
fumes slightly toxic. Therefore, all work should be done in a well
ventilated area away from any sparks or flames.

Revised: 4/25/83 6E24
During cold weather. place the airplane in a warm hangar and locate so that the boots are in line with
one or more blast heaters. Do resurfacing before any other work on the airplane to allow as much time as
possible for the new coat to cure.
NOTE
If. for some reason the resurfacing cannot be done indoors, it may
be deferred at the discretion of the inspector, until a warm, clear
day permits the work to be satisfactorily accomplished outdoors.
However, if the deicers are in such condition that immediate
resurfacing is required. remove them from the airplane and
resurface in a shop.
Clean deicer thoroughly with Isopropyl Acetate.

a. Roughen entire surface of boot, using a fine grit sandpaper.
b. Clean surface again with clean, lint-free cloth moistened with cleaning solvent.
c. Apply masking tape beyond upper and lower trailing edges, leaving a 1/4 inch gap of bare metal.
d. Mask off any legible deicer brands.
e. Apply one brush coat of A-56-B cement to deicer and allow to dry at least one hour. Then apply
second coat and allow to dry at least four hours before operating deicers. Plane may be flown as soon as
cement is dry.
NOTE
If A-56-B cement has aged 3 months or over, it may be necessary

to dilute the cement with Isopropyl Acetate to obtain proper
brushing consistency. Mix thoroughly. approximately 5 parts
cement to one part Isopropyl Acetate.

6F1
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLEXIV-XI.TROUBLESHOOTINGPNEUMATICDEICER SYSTEM
Deicersdo not in- Open circuit breaker. Push circuit breaker to

flate. Both engines reset.
operating at minimum
cruise RPMor either System connection loose Tighten or repair as
engine at 1600 propeller or wire broken. required.
RPM.
Timer not functioning. Test or replace as
required.
Control valvesnot Make electricaltest.
functioning. Check for sticking
poppet. Clean.
Linesblocked or Blow out lines and in-
not connected. spect connections.
Make air leakagetest.
Deicersinflate slowly Linespartially blocked Blow out lines and in-

(Inflation time - 6 or not connected spect connections.
seconds.) securely. Makeair leakagetest.
Deicer valvenot Check fitting in Deicer
functioning. port for proper instal-
lation.
System pressure not Check performanceto

beingreached. manufacturers spec-
ifications.
Deicerpuncture. Repair per specifica-

tion or replace.
Deicers deflate Pressureregulator set Readjust pressure

slowly. too slow. regulator.
Linespartially blocked. Inspect and blow out

lines.
Overboardline from Inspect and blow out

control valve partially lines.
blocked.
AND UTILITIES
ACCESSORIES
Reissued:2/6/81 6F2
14-90. ICE DETECTIONLIGHT.

14-91. INTRODUCTION.This light is used in conjunction with the pneumatic deicing system and willaid
the pilot to detect any ice formation on the left wing leadingedge during night flying operations.
14-92. DESCRIPTIONAND OPERATION. The light is mounted in the left outboard edge of the left
nacelle just above leading edge of the wing. It is a sealed beamed, 24-volt unit, which is controlled from a
rocker type switch mounted in the overhead switch panel. The light is positioned in the nacelle to
illuminate the leadingedge of the wingwhen the switch is activated in the cockpit.
14-93. SERVICING.The only servicerequired of this unit is the replacement of a burned out lamp with a
new lamp. Refer to Parts Catalog, for replacement lamp part number.
14-94. REMOVAL.
a. Be sure the switch is in the off position.
b. Remove the nacelle side access panel that the lamp assembly is mounted to and disconnect the
wire connections on the back of the lamp.
c. Remove the four clipsholding the lamp to the panel and remove the lamp.
14-95. INSTALLATION.
a. Position the gasket and lamp on the panel.
b. Install the four clips and secure with screwsand nuts.
c. Connect the electricalleads to the back of the lamp assembly.
d. Position the entire panel on the nacelleside and secure with screws.
e. Activate the switch in the cockpit to check the lamp operation.
14-96. HEATED WINDSHIELD.For servicingof pilot and/or co-pilot heated windshieldrefer to Section
IV.
14-97. WINDSHIELDWIPERS. The windshield wiper on the right windshield is operated off the same
motor as the standard wiper. A flexibleshaft is routed from the left converter to the converter on the right
which operates the right wiper. (Refer to Section IV.)

6F3
14-98. PROPELLER SYNCHRONIZER.

14-99. DESCRIPTION OF PROPELLER SYNCHRONIZERSYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 14-39.) The
system consists of two special overspeedgovernors with magnetic pickups, a control box to monitor the
system, an actuator and trimmer assemblyto regulatethe slavepropeller governor, and a control switch and
circuit protector with related wire harnesses.
The function of the propeller synchronizer system is to automatically match the propeller RPM of
both engines. This is accomplishedby using the right engine propeller governor as the master unit and the
left propeller governor as the slave unit. Both overspeed governors have magnetic pickups which feed
electrical pulses into a control box mounted on the elevator control mounting bracket belowthe rightside of
the instrument panel. This control box detects any difference in the electrical pulses into a control box
mounted on the elevator control mounting bracket belowthe right side of the instrument panel. This control
box detects any difference in the electrical pulses and in turn activates a stepping type actuator motor
mounted on the left engine, which trims the left engine propeller governor through a flexibleshaft from the
actuator motor to the trimmer assemblyon the left engine propeller governor control, thus maintaining the
same propeller RPM as the master right propeller governor, within a limited range. The limitingrange of
operation is built into the system to prevent the slave propeller governor from loosing more than a fixed
amount of propeller RPMin casethe master engineand propeller is feathered with the system in operation.
NOTE
Manually set the RPM as close as possible before activating the
system. When the propellers are synchronized manually,there is a
± 50 RPM maximum effective synchronizing range when the
system is activated.
14-100.FUNCTIONALTEST. This test should be done in flight. First synchronize the propellersmanually,
and then switch the synchronizer ON. Now slowly adjust the master engine propeller governor control
lever, in small increments to increase and decrease the RPM. The RPM range over which the slaveengine
will remain synchronized with the master engine is the limited range.With the system ON, move the master
engine propeller governor control lever to a point which is close to the end of this limited travel. Now turn
the system OFF. An unsynchronized condition will develop as the actuator moves the trimmer to its
mid-position. When the system is turned ON again, synchronization will resume. If the units do not
synchronize, the actuator has reached the end of its travel and must be recentered in the followingmanner:
a. Turn the system switch OFF.
b. Manuallysynchronize the engines.
c. Turn the system switch ON.
If the system does not operate properly, perform the ground checks in accordance with Paragraph
14-101.
14-101.TROUBLESHOOTINGWITH MINIMUMFIELD EQUIPMENT.The following information will
help locate system malfunction in the field with the minimum amount of equipment. The usual mechanics
tools and an ohmmeter and voltmeter are all that is needed.
14-102. GROUNDCHECK. (Refer to Figure 14-39.)
a. Ascertain that the master switch is ON and the circuit protector is not tripped. Also, determine
that the Jones plug receptacle is properly mated with the plug in the airplane's wiring harness. The two
halvesof the Jones plug should be safety wired together if it does not have retaining clips.
b. Separate the Jones plugs(9) and complete the tests listed in Table XIV-XII,SynchronizerWiring
Test. Complete each step regardlessof how recently the installation was made.
6F4
1406
1. OVERSPEED GOVERNOR. LEFT

2. PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR, LEFT
3. OVERSPEED GOVERNOR, RIGHT
4. PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR, RIGHT
5. CONTROL BOX ASSEMBLY
6. CIRCUIT BREAKER
7. SWITCH ASSEMBLY
8. ACTUATOR ASSEMBLY
9. CONNECTOR E222
10. CONNECTOR E334
11. CONNECTOR El25
12. CONNECTOR E124
Figure 14-39. Propeller Synchronizer Installation
Reissued: 2/6/81 6F5
TABLEXIV-XII.SYNCHRONIZERWIRINGTEST
DEFECTIVEACTUATORTEST
OBTAIN
TEST With Actuator Uncentered 180 ACTION
STEP BETWEEN With Actuator Turn Clockwise Counterclockwise
NO. RECEPTACLE Centered (Facing Drive End) (FacingDrive End) (If Out of
NUMBERS To Uncenter To Uncenter Limits)
(Decrease) (Increase)
5& open circuit
(high resistance) 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms
2 5&3 open circuit closed circuit

(high resistance) (0 to 1.0 ohms) 13 to 17 ohms
3 5&4 open circuit closed circuit Bench Check the

(high resistance) 13 to 17 ohms (0 to 1.0 ohms Actuator
4 4& 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms
5 4&3 13 to 17 ohms 13 to 17 ohms 13 to 17 ohms
6 3& 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms
DEFECTIVE PICKUP TEST
STEP TEST BETWEEN RECEPTACLE NUMBERS: OBTAIN ACTION

NO. (if out of limits)
7 8 & 7 (with 6 disconnected at pickup) 90-110 ohm
8 8 & 6 (with 7 disconnected at pickup) 90-110 ohm Repair wiring if at fault. Re-
place governor if pickup is at
9 8 & aircraft ground open circuit fault: replace pickup (Ap-
(very high proved Governor Shop)
resistance)
AIRCRAFT WIRING TEST
STEP TEST BETWEEN RECEPTACLE NUMBERS: OBTAIN ACTION

NO. (if out of limits)
10 short
circuit
zero ohms Trace wiring to determine
poor ground
II 2 & aircraft ground open circuit Trace wiring to remove fault
(very high
resistance)
500 ohms

6F6
TABLEXIV-XII.SYNCHRONIZERWIRINGTEST(cont.)
CONTROLBOXTEST
STEP TEST BETWEENRECEPTACLE ACTION

NO. NUMBERS METERREADING (If out of
Limits)
12 2&1 Same as supply voltage. Polarity Trace wiring to de-
of pin No. 2 must be positive and termine fault or
pin No. 1must be negative. reversed polarity.
NOTE
Before starting this test, be sure the control box is unplugged, the
master switch is off, and the synchronizer circuit protector is
pulled.
CAUTION
Do not plug in control box until this test has been satisfactorily
completed. Even with the switch OFF, the box could be seriously
damaged.
NOTE
Make the test, using an ohmmeter to a fabricated Jones pigtail

connected to the Jones plug socket. Zero the ohmmeter and read
on the X or X 10 scale.
CAUTION
Do not probe the Jones plugs. Use a fabricated pigtail. Failure to

do so will result in loose pin connections and faulty synchronizer
operation.
c. Visually observe the overspeed governor mounted speed pickups for oil leaks or evidence of
loosening. This could indicate a change in the pickup clearance.
d. Remove the flexible shaft at the actuator in the left engine nacelle. Insert a screwdriver in the
actuator and rotate it through its range. It should rotate freely except for the ratcheting effect of the detent
wheel. Normal output torque is 1.5 inch-pounds. Leave the actuator in the center of its range.
e. Adjust the governor trimmer by rotating the flexible shaft to check the amount of torque
required. An excellent torque level is one that allows you to adjust the trimmer by turning the squared end
of the flexible cable with your fingers. It is more difficult to turn the shaft in the decrease RPM direction.
In no case should you need a turning fixture of over .025 inch in diameter on the end of the cable to rotate
the trimmer freely throughout its full range. Recenter the trimmer and secure it to the actuator. This check
has verified an acceptable friction level of the rotating parts.
6F7
SCHEMATIC. SECTION XV.
Figure 14-40. Propeller SynchronizerSchematic
f. Connect a pigtail to the separated Jones plug, and run the engines near cruise RPM, test Pins 6
and 8 for the slave engine pickup voltage. Test Pins 7 and 8 for the master engine pickup voltage. These
valves should be between 1/2-volt minimum and 3-volt maximum. These are RMS voltages as read on a
5000 ohm/volt ACvoltmeter. If all the preceding tests are satisfactory, the airplanecan be flown.
14-103. FLIGHT CHECKS. Perform the functional in flight test in accordance with Paragraph 14-102. If
the system willnot pass this test, try the followingsteps:
a. With the synchronizer ON, see if the synchronizer action is affected by RPM and/or power
setting, particularly at lower cruise RPM and power settings. This would indicate a possibly unacceptably
rough governor drive. If operation at lower RPM results in improved synchronization, the drives to the
governorsshould be investigated.
b. Reduce the electrical load. Turn off all electrical equipment including the alternators. Leave the
master and synchronizer switches ON. If the synchronizing improves, there is a possibility that abnormal
voltage spikes on the bus from some other electricalaccessoryhave been upsetting the synchronizer.Isolate
the offending electrical accessoryand repair it. If the trouble has been traced to the control box, exchange
it for another unit.
NOTE
If troubles still persist with the system, it should be checked by an

approved governor overhaul station or the Woodward Governor
Company.
Reissued:2/6/81 AND UTILITIES

ACCESSORIES
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
14-104. MAINTENANCE.Little maintenance is required on this system apart from visual inspection at.
the time of regularairplane inspections.Ascertain that the electrical connections, flexibleshaft, and related
components are securely attached. Every 100 hours inspect the rod end assembly, paying particular
attention to the bearing.
Engine oil should be kept clean. Dirty engine oil will deposit sludge and varnish on the internal
governor parts and cause sluggishoperation. This would require disassemblyand cleaningof the governors
by an approved overhaulfacility.
CAUTION
The control box and actuator have the capability of damaging
each other as follows: If the control box turns on steady, it will
burn out one or both actuator motor windings. If the actuator
leads are shorted to ground, the power transistors in the control
box will be permanently damaged. Therefore, when replacing a
damaged component, complete the electrical test in Table XIV-XII
to insure the other component is undamaged.
14-105. REMOVALOF TRIMMERASSEMBLY.(Refer to Figure 14-42.)
a. Removethe left engine cowling.
b. Cut the safety wire between the trimmer assembly and the nut securingthe flexibleshaft to the
trimmer.
c. Remove the flexibleshaft from the trimmer.
d. Loosen the locknut on the propeller control rod.
e. Remove the locknut, bushing, and bolt securing the trimmer rod end to the governor control
lever and remove the trimmer assembly.
14-106. INSTALLATIONOF TRIMMERASSEMBLY.
a. Position the trimmer onto the propeller control rod.
b. Align the trimmer assemblyrod end with the governor control lever and secure the control rod
locknut.
c. Ascertain that the trimmer assemblyis at its neutral position by rotating the splined shaft in the
trimming assemblyby hand and counting the total number of turns availablefrom stop to stop; then return
to the center position.
d. Install the bolt, bushing, and locknut securing the trimmer rod end and the governor control
lever.
e. Rig the governor control in accordance with riggingproceduresgivenin Section VIII.
f. Again manually rotate the trimmer to one end of its travel. Now move the cockpit propeller
control through its complete range and observe the governor speed adjustment lever to be certain it hits
both maximum and minimum RPM stops. Repeat this procedure with the trimmer rotated to the opposite
end of its travel. This will assure that the standard governor rigging allows stop-to-stop travel with any
possible trimmer setting. Reposition the trimmer to its center position.
g. Before connectingthe flexibleshaft to the trimmer assembly,ascertain that the actuator motor is
at its center position. (Refer to Paragraph 14-109.)
h. With the trimmer assemblyand actuator motor at these centered positions, connect the flexible
shaft to the trimmerand secure with nut and safety wire as shown in Figure 14-42.
i. Replace the engine cowling.
Reissued: 2/6/81
6F9
DIMENSIONS
Figure 14-41. Propeller Synchronizer Rigging(Left Engine Only)
14-107. SYNCHRONIZERRIGGING. (Refer to Figure 14-41.)

a. Adjust the propeller lever stop in the pedestal as far forward as possible (largewasher type stop).
b. Screw the micro-switchcontact screwsinto the propeller control levers (left and right), this will
get the screwsout of the way while performing the balanceof this riggingprocedure.
c. Disconnect the synchronizer flex shaft from the motor and drive the shaft to extend the trimmer
from the rod end assembly .218 of an inch. (Refer to Figure 14-41,DimensionA.)
d. Adjust the propeller control rod to obtain 16 inches between the stop nuts at each end of the
rod. (Refer to Figure 14-41,DimensionB.) This is an initial setting only.
e. Move the left propeller control lever at the pedestal to its full forward position. The stop on the
governor must be contacted, if not, lengthen the propeller control rod.
f. Move the left propeller control lever to its aft stop (push hard as this is in a friction range). The
stop on the governor must be contacted.
g. Drive the synchronizer flex shaft to extend the trimmer .437 of an inch. (Refer to Figure 14-41,
DimensionA.)
h. Movethe propeller control leveras in Steps "e" and "f" and check for contacts with the governor
stops. Make any adjustments if necessary.
i. Drive the synchronizerflex shaft to return the trimmer to the .218 of an inch dimension.
j. Rig the right engine to match control alignment.
k. Check the clearance between the trimmer and rod end assembly as shown in Figure 14-41,
Dimension C.

6F10
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
BETA VALVE
PROPELLER REVERSING LEVER
PROPELLER REVERSING LINK
ADJUSTMENT SCREW (MAX. PROPELLER SPEED)
CONTROL ARM
TRIMMER
FLEXIBLE SHAFT
Py PNEUMATIC TUBE
CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR
Figure 14-42. Trimmer Assembly
14-108. REMOVALOF ACTUATOR.

a. Removethe left engine cowling.
b. Disconnectthe electricalplug from the actuator and also the flexible shaft.
c. Removethe four locknuts and screwsholding the actuator in place.
14-109. INSTALLATIONOF ACTUATOR.
a. Beforeinstalling the actuator, ascertainthat the motor is at the center of its rangeby insertinga
screwdriverin the actuator drive and turning it by hand and counting the total number of turns from stop
to stop; then return the actuator drive to the center position.
b. Installthe actuator to the mounting bracket and securein place with four screwsand locknuts.
c. Connect the flexibleshaft to the actuator and secure with nut and safety wire.
d. Connect the electricalplug and replace the engine cowling.
14-110. SERVICE OF ACTUATOR. At the time of governor overhaul, remove the cover from the
actuator and clean the internal parts, such as micro-switches and electrical connections, etc. Apply
Alpha-Molykote"G" to the spiralgroove of the switch actuating disc at the end of the motor.
14-111. REMOVALOF CONTROLBOX.
a. Disconnectthe Jones plug, the wire goingto the bus and the harnessgoing to the switch.
b. Removethe four machinescrewsand locknut and removethe control box.

6F11
NOTE
The control box is a transistorized unit which cannot be serviced
in the field. Special Woodward Test Unit No. 213600 can be used
to explore the control box and locate any malfunctioning.
NOTE
If an actuator is replacedbecause of shorted or open windings,the

control box must also be replaced,unless it is determined that the
box is undamaged.
14-112. INSTALLATIONOF CONTROLBOX.
a. Install the control box to the mounting bracket and securewith four screwsand locknuts.
b. Connect the wires going to the switch and airplanebus.
c. Connect the Jones plug and secure with safety wire, if it does not have retaining clips.
14-113. TEST EQUIPMENT. Various test equipment can be purchased from the Woodward Governor
Company of Rockford, Illinois to help accomplish a complete check of the synchronizersystem,along with,
their latest revisionof ServiceBulletin33049D.It is suggestedthat test instrument, P/N 213600,be purchased
from Woodward to allowcomplete testing of the synchronizersystem. A small test instrument, P/N T-46192,.
can be built in the field from the diagram and parts list in Figure 14-43.This instrument has pulse indicating
lights and jacks for checking voltagesand ohm values only as givenin Table XIV-XII, SynchronizerWiring
Test. Test instrument, P/N 213600,has pulse indicating lights,jacks for checking voltages and ohm values,,
and an oscilliator systemwith which magneticpickup output maybe simulated.This allows partiallychecking
the control box without running the engines.
14-114. BENCHTESTING THE ACTUATOR. Use an ohmmeter on the pins of the actuator disconnect.
Zero the ohmmeter and read on the X1 scale. Table XIV-XIIsteps 1 to 6 givesactuator test from the Jones
plug through the harness to the actuator. See Propeller Synchronizer Schematic and convert receptacle
numbers in Table XIV-XII to actuator leads and perform steps 1 to 6 of Table XIV-XII directly on
actuator. Replace any actuator which does not meet the valuesgivenin Table XIV-XIIafter bench testing.
Check for continuity of the four actuator leads, with reference to Table XIV-XIII.
If either test unit is plugged into the system during flight or ground testing, the pulsing and direction
of pulsing of the actuator will be indicated by the flashinglights of the test unit. Refer to Table XIV-XIV
for description of control box malfunction or system defects which can be detected by the lights on the
test units, along with the probable causeand suggestedremedy.
TABLE XIV-XIII AIRCRAFTWIRINGCHECKWITH ACTUATORREMOVED
Jones Pin 1 to aircraft ground 0 Ohms

Jones Pin 3 to aircraft ground Open Circuit (Very High Resistance)

TABLE XIV-XIV. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(ACTUATOR)
Double pulsing (both Excessivevoltage Repair the offending

lightsflashing spikeson bus caused accessory.
simultaneously). by generator or other
electrical accessory.
Malfunctioningcontrol Return to Woodward
box. Governor Company for
repair.
Magneticpickup voltage Return to Woodward
incorrect. Governor Company for
repair.
Either or both lights Malfunctioningcontrol Determinethe mal-

on continuously. box, actuator, or function with wiring
wiring. check sheet.
No pulsing activity. Malfunctioningcontrol Determine the mal-

box. function with the
wiring check sheet
or 213600 test in-
strument.
Excessivepulsingin Excessivetorque re- Check for high friction

one direction. quired to trim the level or misalignmentin
governor in one direc- the flex shaft or trimmer.
tion (this assumesthe
governorand propeller
are equally responsive
in each direction).

6F13
GROMMET: (1) 5/8" O.D. x 3/8" I.D. black rubber
grommet
PLUG: (1) Cinch Jones8 connector plug P/N

P-308 CCT
SOCKET: (1) Cinch Jones 8 connector socket P/N

S-308 CCT
pilot lamp seriesno. 177-8430, type no.
0975-503 or Drake midget flange type BULB: 12) Miniature Flange - BassLamp
white lens pilot lamp no. 5131-038-304
CABLE: (6 ft.) Vinyl covred plastic insulated

cable, Belden types 8448 (8*22 stranded
wires)
B+ ON 213350 CONTROL BOXES "G" CHANGE OR

EARLIER. B- GROUND ON "H" CHANGE OR LATER.
CHANGE LETTER FOLLOWS THE SERIAL NUMBER.
LAMP & BULB
2 - B+
4 MOTOR DECREASE
6 - SLAVE PICKUP
8 - PICKUP COMMON
1-8-
3- MOTOR INCREASE
5- CENTERING
7-MASTER PICKUP
Figure 14-43. Test Instrument T-46192

6F14
TABLE XIV-XV. TROUBLESHOOTING

CHART(PROPELLERSYNCHRONIZER)
Synchronizerhunting. Bindingof the governor Correct any mechanical

control arm, trimmer bindingor replace
assembly,and/or rod end. Uniball of rod end if
binding.
Master governorspeed Overhaulgovernors.
is varying.
Synchronizer runs out Reversedspeed pickup Perform Steps 7 and 8

of synchronizationwhen leadsor Jones plug of test for defective
turned on. leads. pickup.
Intermittent shorts or Monitor pickup voltage
opens in the pickup or produced. Replace de-
its wiring. fectivepickup.
Synchronizer willnot Defectivepickup. Replace.

center.
Defectivecontrol box. Replace.
Mechanicallymisrigged. Rerig.
Defectivecentering Replaceactuator.
mechanism.
Rod end, flexibleshaft Reduce friction to an
or actuator mechanically acceptable level.
bound up.
Lack of range. Improper rigging. Rerigproperly.

Trying to synchronize too Adjust prop control in
close to a mechanicalstop. cockpit to move speed
control lever further
away from stop.
Defectivecontrol box. Replacethe control box.
Mechanicalbinding of Adjust trimmer or ac-
trimmer or actuator. tuator to operate
smoothly from stop to
stop.

6F15
SERVICEMANUAL
PIPERCHEYENNE
TABLE XIV-XV. TROUBLESHOOTINGCHART(PROPELLERSYNCHRONIZER)(cont.)
Synchronizer corrects in One side of actuator Replace actuator.

one direction only. motor defective.
One side of control box Replace control box.
defective.
Mechanicalbinding in Correct binding.
one direction.
Improper rigging. Rerig.
Slow to synchronize Defectivecontrol box. Replacecontrol box.

and won't hold syn-
chronization. Excessivevoltage spikes Repair offending
from other electrical electricalaccessory.
accessory.
Excessivemechanical Correct mechanical
friction. binding.
Synchronizer operates Excessivemechanical Correct mechanical

intermittently. friction. binding
Intermittent short in Repair pickup lead or
pickup or wiring. replacepickup.
Intermittent fault in Replace control box.
control box.
Intermittent open in Replace actuator or
actuator or motor leads. repair leads.
Defectiveelectrical plug Replaceplug connector.

connector.
Excessivevoltage spikes Repair offending
on bus from other mal- electricalaccessory.
functioning electrical
accessory.

6F16
14-115. PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER. (Woodward Type I)
14-116. DESCRIPTION OF PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER SYSTEM (Refer to Figure 14-44.) The Wood-
ward Type I Synchrophaser consists of a control box mounted in the cockpit, an actuator mounted in the slave engine
governor and actuator, a speed sensing magnetic pickup located near three phase targets for each engine that rotate
with each propeller shaft.
The system operates on electronic impulses, generated by the disc targets passing the magnetic pickups, being
fed into the control box. This control box detects any difference in the electrical pulses and in turn activates a stepping
type actuator motor mounted on the left engine, which trims the left engine propeller governor through a flexible
shaft from the actuator motor to the trimmer assembly on the left engine propeller governor control, thus mantaining
the same propeller RPM as the master right propeller governor, within a limited range. Normal governor operation is
unchanged, but the synchrophaser will continuously monitor engine RPM and propeller phase angle and reset the
slave engine governor as required.
The RPM of the slave engine will follow changes in the RPM of the master engine over a predetermined limited
range. This limited range feature prevents the slave engine from losing more than a fixed amount of RPM in case the
master engine is feathered with the synchrophaser "ON". In this installation, the right engine is the master engine.
14-117. FUNCTIONAL TEST. This test should be done in flight. First synchronize the propellers manually,
and then switch the synchrophaser ON. Now slowly adjust the master engine propeller governor control lever,
in small increments to increase and decrease the RPM. The RPM range over which the slave engine will
remain synchronized with the master engine is the limited range. With the system ON, move the master engine
propeller governor control lever to a point which is close to the end of this limited travel. Now turn the system
OFF. An unsynchronized condition will develop as the actuator moves the trimmer to its mid-position. When
the system is turned ON again, synchrophasing will resume. If the units do not become synchrophased, the
actuator has reached the end of its travel and must be recentered in the following manner:
a. Turn the system switch OFF.
b. Manually synchronize the engines.
c. Turn the system switch ON.
If the system does not operate properly, perform the ground checks in accordance with Paragraph 14-118.
14-118. TROUBLESHOOTING WITH MINIMUM FIELD EQUIPMENT. The following information
will help locate system malfunction in the field with the minimum amount of equipment. The usual mechanics
14-119. GROUND CHECK. (Refer to Figure 14-44.)

a. Ascertain that the master switch is ON and the circuit protector is not tripped. Also, determine that
the Jones plug receptacle is properly mated with the plug in the airplane's wiring harness. The two halves of the
Jones plug should be safety wired together if it does not have retaining clips.
b. Separate the Jones plugs (10) and complete the tests listed in Table XIV-XVI, Synchrophaser
Wiring Test. Complete each step regardless of how recently the installation was made.
6F17
016 TO .028
OF AN INCH
1. OVERSPEED GOVERNOR, LEFT
2. PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR, LEFT
3 OVERSPEED GOVERNOR, RIGHT
4. PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR, RIGHT
5. CONTROL BOX ASSEMBLY
6. CIRCUIT BREAKER
7. SWITCH ASSEMBLY
8. ACTUATOR ASSEMBLY
9. CONNECTOR
10. CONNECTOR
11. CONNECTOR
12. CONNECTOR
13. MAGNETIC PHASE PICKUP
14 TARGET (3)
Figure 14-44. Propeller Synchrophaser Installation (Woodward Type I)

6F18
TABLE XIV-XVI. SYNCHROPHASER WIRING TEST

(WOODWARD TYPE I)
STEP NO'S. 1-6 Test for Defective Actuator
OBTAIN With Actuator Uncentered 180°
TEST ACTION
BETWEEN Turn Clockwise Counterclockwise
STEP RECEPTACLE With Actuator (Facing Drive End) (Facing Drive End) (If Out of
NO. NUMBERS Centered To Uncenter To Uncenter Limits)
5& open circuit 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms

(high resistance)
2 5&3 open circuit closed circuit 13 to 17 ohms

(high resistance) (0 to 1.0 ohms)
3 5&4 open circuit 13 to 17 ohms closed circuit Bench Check

(high resistance) (0 to 1.0 ohms) the Actuator
per Table
4 4& 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms XIV-XVI
5 4&3 13 to 17 ohms 13 to 17 ohms 13 to 17 ohms
6 3& 1 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms
STEP NO'S. 7-11 Test for Defective Pickup

STEP NO'S. 12-13 Test Aircraft Wiring
10 PIN SYSTEM
STEP TEST BETWEEN Other Than Pickup In ACTION

NO. TERMINAL NUMBERS O.S. Gov. O.S. Gov. (If Out of Limits)
7 8&7 52 - 68 90- 110
8 8&9 52 - 68
9 8&6 52 - 68 90- 110 Repair wiring or

replace pickup if
10 8 & 10 52 - 68 it is defective.
11 8 & Aircraft Ground open circuit

(very high resistance)
12 2 & Aircraft Ground* open circuit Trace wiring to

(very high resistance) remove poor ground.
13 1 & Aircraft Ground short circuit Trace wiring to

zero ohms remove fault.
*2 and aircraft ground will read some low resistance value if you cannot open the circuit breaker or if
there are any indicating lights in the circuit.

6F19
TABLE XIV-XVI SYNCHROPHASER WIRING TEST

(WOODWARD TYPE I) (cont.)
VOLTAGE CHECK
STEP TEST BETWEEN RECEPTACLE ACTION

NO. NUMBERS METER READING (If Out of Limits)
14 2&1 Same as supply voltage. Polarity Trace wiring to

of Pin No. 2 must be positive determine fault or
and Pin No. I must be negative. reversed polarity.
NOTE
master switch is off, and the synchrophaser circuit protector is
pulled.
CAUTION
damaged.
NOTE

connected to the Jones plug socket. Zero the ohmmeter and read
on the X1 or X10 scale.
NOTE
If another accessory uses the same circuit protector, turn this

accessory off before starting tests. The control box must be un-
plugged for these tests also.
CAUTION
Do not probe the Jones plugs with anything thicker than .045 of an
inch in diameter. Insert and remove probe carefully. Failure to do so
will result in loose pin connections and faulty synchrophaser opera-
tion.
c. Visually observe the overspeed governor mounted speed pickups for oil leaks or evidence of loosen-
ing. This could indicate a change in the pickup clearance.
d. Remove the flexible shaft at the actuator in the left engine nacelle. Insert a screwdriver in the
actuator and rotate it through its range. It should rotate freely except for the ratcheting effect of the detent
wheel. Normal output torque is 1.5 inch-pounds. Leave the actuator in the center of its range.

6F20
e. Adjust the governor trimmer by rotating the flexible shaft to check the amount of torque required..
An excellent torque level is one that allows you to adjust the trimmer by turning the squared end of the flexible
cable with your fingers. It is more difficult to turn the shaft in the decrease RPM direction. In no case should
you need a turning fixture of over .025 inch in diameter on the end of the cable to rotate the trimmer freely
throughout its full range. Recenter the trimmer and secure it to the actuator. This check has verified an
acceptable friction level of the rotating parts.
f. Connect a pigtail to the separated Jones plug, and run the engines near cruise RPM; test Pins 6 and
8 for the slave engine synchronizer pickup voltage. Test Pins 7 and 8 for the master engine synchronizer
pickup voltage. These values should be between .85-volt minimum and 4-volt maximum for the synchronizer
pickup. These are RMS voltages as read on a 5000 ohm/volt AC voltmeter.
g. Test Pins 9 and 8 for slave engine synchrophaser pickup voltage. Test Pins 10 and 8 for master
engine synchrophaser pickup voltage. These values should be 3 + 0.3 volts AC.
h. If all preceding tests are satisfactory, the aircraft can be flown.
14-120. FLIGHT CHECKS. Perform the functional test in accordance with Paragraph 14-117.If the system
will not pass this test, try the following steps:
a. With the synchrophaser ON, see if the synchrophaser action is affected by RPM and/or power
rough governor drive. If operation at lower RPM results in improved synchrophasing, the drives to the
governors should be investigated.

6F21
2684
PROP SYNC
CONTROLASSY
PROP SYNC
SWITCH E334
CONN
E104
CONN
E222
CONN
El42
CONN
REFER TO PROP SYNCHROPHASER

SCHEMATIC. SECTION XV
Figure 1445. Propeller Synchrophaser Diagram

(Woodward Type 1)
Reissued:2/6/81 AND UTILITIES

ACCESSORIES
6F22
master and synchrophaser switches ON. If the synchrophasing improves, there is a possibility that abnormal
voltage spikes on the bus from some other electrical accessory have been upsetting the synchrophaser. Isolate
the offending electrical accessory and repair it. If the trouble has been traced to the control box, exchange it
for another unit.
NOTE

Company.
14-121. MAINTENANCE. Little maintenance is required on this system apart from visual inspection at the
time of regular airplane inspections. Ascertain that the electrical connections, flexible shaft, and related
components are securely attached. Every 100 hours inspect the rod end assembly, paying particular attention
to the bearing.
NOTE
Rod end trimmers are lubricated with a baked-on dry Molykote.

DO NOT OIL.
Engine oil should be kept clean. Dirty engine oil will deposit sludge and varnish on the internal governor
parts and cause sluggish operation. This would require disassembly and cleaning of the governors by an
approved overhaul facility.
CAUTION
The control box and actuator have the capability of damaging each
other as follows: If the control box turns on steady, it will burn out
one or both actuator motor windings. If the actuator leads are
shorted to ground, the power transistors in the control box will be
permanently damaged. Therefore, when replacing a damaged
component, complete the electrical test in Table XIV-XVI to insure
the other component is undamaged.
14-122. REMOVAL OF TRIMMER ASSEMBLY. (Refer to Figure 14-46.)

a. Remove the left engine cowling.
b. Cut the safety wire between the trimmer assembly and the nut securing the flexible shaft to the
trimmer.
c. Remove the flexible shaft from the trimmer.
d. Loosen the locknut on the propeller control rod.
e. Remove the locknut, bushing, and bolt securing the trimmer rod end to the governor control lever
and remove the trimmer assembly.
14-123. INSTALLATION OF TRIMMER ASSEMBLY.

a. Position the trimmer onto the propeller control rod.
b. Align the trimmer assembly rod end with the governor control lever and secure the control rod
locknut.
c. Ascertain that the trimmer assembly is at its neutral position by rotating the splined shaft in the
trimming assembly by hand and counting the total number of turns available from stop to stop; then return to
the center position.

6F23
PROPELLER
CONTROL
ROD
DIMENSIONS
A - .219
B - 16 INCHES
C - CHECK CLEARANCE
Figure 14-46. Propeller Synchrophaser Rigging (Left Engine Only)
d. Install the bolt, bushing, and locknut securing the trimmer rod end and the governor control lever.
e. Rig the governor control in accordance with rigging procedures given in Section VIII or Section
VIIIA.
f. Again manually rotate the trimmer to one end of its travel. Now move the cockpit propeller control
through its complete range and observe the governor speed adjustment lever to be certain it hits both maxi-
mum and minimum RPM stops. Repeat this procedure with the trimmer rotated to the opposite end of its
travel. This will assure that the standard governor rigging allows stop-to-stop travel with any possible trimmer
setting. Reposition the trimmer to its center position.
g. Before connecting the flexible shaft to the trimmer assembly, ascertain that the actuator motor is at
its center position. (Refer to Paragraph 14-126.)
h. With the trimmer assembly and actuator motor at these centered positions, connect the flexible
shaft to the trimmer and secure with nut and safety wire as shown in Figure 14-46.
i. Replace the engine cowling.
14-124. SYNCHROPHASER RIGGING. (Refer to Figure 14-46.)

a. Adjust the propeller lever stop in the pedestal as far forward as possible (large washer type stop).
b. Screw the micro-switch contact screws into the propeller control levers (left and right), this will get
the screws out of the way while performing the balance of this rigging procedure.
c. Disconnect the synchronizer flex shaft from the motor and drive the shaft to extend the trimmer
from the rod end assembly .219 of an inch. (Refer to Figure 14-46, Dimension A.)
d. Adjust the propeller control rod to obtain 16 inches between the stop nuts at each end of the rod.
(Refer to Figure 14-46, Dimension B.) This is an initial setting only.
e. Move the left propeller control lever at the pedestal to its full forward position. The stop on the
governor must be contacted, if not, lengthen the propeller control rod.

6F24
588
BETA VALVE
2. PROPELLER REVERSING LEVER
3. PROPELLER REVERSING LINK
4. ADJUSTMENT SCREW (MAX. PROPELLER SPEED)
5. CONTROL ARM
6. TRIMMER
7. FLEXIBLE SHAFT
8. Py PNEUMATIC TUBE
9. CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR
Figure 14-47. Trimmer Assembly
f. Move the left propeller control lever to its aft stop (push hard as this is in a friction range). The stop
on the governor must be contacted.
g. Drive the synchronizer flex shaft to extend the trimmer .219 of an inch. (Refer to Figure 14-46,
Dimension A.)
h. Move the propeller control lever as in Steps "e" and "f" and check for contacts with the governor
stops. Make any adjustments if necessary.
i. Drive the synchronizer flex shaft to return the trimmer to the .219 of an inch dimension.
j. Rig the right engine to match control alignment.
k. Check the clearance between the trimmer and rod end assembly as shown in Figure 14-46,
Dimension C.
1. Safety all joints and adjust pedestal micro-switch.
14-125. REMOVAL OF ACTUATOR.

a. Remove the left engine cowling.
b. Disconnect the electrical plug from the actuator and also the flexible shaft.
c. Remove the four locknuts and screws holding the actuator in place.
14-126. INSTALLATION OF ACTUATOR.

a. Before installing the actuator, ascertain that the motor is at the center of its range by inserting a
screwdriver in the actuator drive and turning it by hand and counting the total number of turns from stop to
stop; then return the actuator drive to the center position.
b. Install the actuator to the mounting bracket and secure in place with four screws and locknuts.
c. Connect the flexible shaft to the actuator and secure with nut and safety wire.
d. Connect the electrical plug and replace the engine cowling.

6G1
14-127. SERVICE OF ACTUATOR. At the time of governor overhaul, remove the cover from the actuator
and clean the internal parts, such as micro-switches and electrical connections, etc. Apply Alpha-Molykote
"G"to the spiral groove of the switch actuating disc at the end of the motor.
14-128. REMOVAL OF CONTROL BOX.

a. Disconnect the Jones plug, the wire going to the bus and the harness going to the switch.
b. Remove the four machine screws and locknut and remove the control box.
NOTE
The control box is a transistorized unit which cannot be serviced in

the field. Special Woodward Test Unit No. 213600 can be used to
explore the control box and locate any malfunctioning.
NOTE
If an actuator is replaced because of shorted or open windings, the

control box must also be replaced, unless it is determined that the
box is undamaged.
14-129. INSTALLATION OF CONTROL BOX.

a. Install the control box to the mounting bracket and secure with four screws and locknuts.
b. Connect the wires going to the switch and airplane bus.
14-130. TEST EQUIPMENT. Various test equipment can be purchased from the Woodward Governor
Company of Rockford, Illinois to help accomplish a complete check of the synchrophaser system. It is sug-
gested that test instrument, P/N 213600, be purchased from Woodward to allow complete testing of the
synchronizing portion of the system. A small test instrument, P/N WT-46192, can be built in the field from the
diagram and parts list in Figure 14-49. This instrument has pulse indicating lights and jacks for checking
voltages and ohm values only as given in Table XIV-XVI, Synchrophaser Wiring Test. Test instrument,
P N 213600, has pulse indicating lights, jacks for checking voltages and ohm values, and an oscillator system
with which magnetic pickup output may be simulated. This allows partially checking the control box without
running the engines.
NOTE
Use of any Woodward test equipment with the Woodward

synchrophaser system will require the use of a Jones plug adapter.
14-131. BENCH TESTING THE ACTUATOR. (Refer to Table XIV-XVII.) Use an ohmmeter on the pins
of the actuator disconnect. Zero the ohmmeter and read on the XI scale. Table XIV-XVI. Steps I to 6, gives
actuator test from the Jones plug through the harness to the actuator. See Propeller Synchrophaser Schematic
and convert receptacle numbers in Table XIV-XVI to actuator leads and perform Steps I to 6 of Table
XIV-XVI directly on actuator. Replace any actuator which does not meet the values given in Table XIV-XVI
after bench testing.
If either test unit is plugged into the system during flight or ground testing, the pulsing and direction of
pulsing of the actuator will be indicated by the flashing lights of the test unit. Refer to Table XIV-XVIII for
description of control box malfunction or system defects which can be detected by the lights on the test units,
along with the probable cause and suggested remedy.

6G2
TABLE XIV-XVII. BENCH TESTING THE ACTUATOR
OBTAIN
With Actuator Uncentered 180

TEST
BETWEEN Turn Clockwise Turn Counterclockwise
RECEPTACLE With Actuator (Facing Drive End) (Facing Drive End)
NUMBERS Centered To Uncenter To Uncenter
D& C open circuit 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms

(high resistance)
D& B open circuit closed circuit 13 to 17 ohms

(high resistance) (0 ohms)
D&A open circuit 13 to 17 ohms closed circuit

(high resistance) (0 ohms)
A& C 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms
A& B 13 to 17 ohms 13 to 17 ohms 13 to 17 ohms
B&C 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms 6.5 to 8.5 ohms
14-132. MAGNETIC PHASE PICKUP REMOVAL, INSTALLATION AND ADJUSTMENT.

a. Remove the engine cowling. (Refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
b. Disconnect electrical wiring from the magnetic pickup.
c. Remove the safety wire from the magnetic pickup locknut and remove locknut.
d. Remove magnetic pickup.
e. Install pickup in bracket and secure in position with locknut.
f. Rotate prop and insure targets do not hit pickup.
NOTE
Proper clearance between magnetic pickup and targets, should be

.016 to .028 of an inch. Insure that the magnetic disc makes contact
and not locknut. (Refer to Figure 14-44.)
g. Insure that all targets are within the clearance specified.

h. Safety wire locknut and connect the electrical wiring.
i. Install engine cowling. (Refer to Section VII or Section VIIIA.)

6G3
TABLE XIV-XVIII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (ACTUATOR)

edy
Double pulsing (both lights Excessivevoltage spikes on Repair the offending

flashing simultaneously). bus caused by generator or accessory.
other electrical accessory.
Malfunctioning control Return to Woodward
box. Governor Company for
repair.
Magnetic pickup voltage Reset to specific voltage.

incorrect.
Either or both lights on Malfunctioning control box, Determine the malfunction

continuously. actuator, or wiring. with wiring check sheet.
No pulsing activity. Malfunctioning control box. Determine the malfunction

with the wiring check sheet
or 213600 test instrument.
Excessive pulsing in one Excessive torque required to Check for high friction level
direction. trim the governor in one or misalignment in the flex
direction (this assumes the shaft or trimmer.
governor and propeller are
equally responsive in each
direction).
Figure 14-48. 10 Pin to 8 Pin Plug Adapters, P/N 5401-018

6G4
Figure 14-49. Test Instrument, WT-46192

6G5
TABLE XIV-XIX. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER)

(WOODWARD TYPE I)
Synchrophaser hunting. Binding of the governor Correct any mechanical
control arm, trimmer binding or replace Uniball
assembly, and/or rod end. of rod end if binding.
Master governor speed is Overhaul governors.

varying.
Synchrophaser runs out of Reversed speed pickup leads Perform Steps 7 and 9 of test
synchronization when or Jones plug leads. for defective pickup.
turned on.
Reverse motor leads to the Check motor leads against

actuator. the installation drawing.
Intermittent shorts or pens Monitor pickup voltage

in the pickup or its wiring. produced. Replace defective
pickup.
Synchrophaser will not Malfunctioning slave Replace pickup, adjust

center. governor pickup. clearance or repair leads.
Defective control box. Replace control box.
Mechanically misrigged. Rerig.
Defective centering Replace actuator.

mechanism. Switch arm bent.
Defective centering switches. Replace actuator.
Rod end, flexible shaft or Reduce friction to an

actuator mechanically bound acceptable level.
up.
Lack of range. Improper rigging. Rerig properly.
Trying to synchrophase too Adjust prop control lever in

close to a mechanical stop. cockpit to move speed
control lever further away
from stop.
Defective control box. Replace the control box.
Mechanical binding of Adjust trimmer or actuator

trimmer or actuator. to operate smoothly from
stop to stop.

6G6
TABLE XIV-XIX. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER)

(WOODWARD TYPE I) (cont.)
Synchrophaser corrects in One side of actuator motor Replace actuator.

one direction only. defective.
One side of control box Replace control box.

defective.
Mechanical binding in one Correct binding.
direction.
Improper rigging. Rerig.
Slow to synchrophase and Defective control box. Replace control box.

won't hold synchrophasing.
Excessive voltage spikes Repair offending electrical

from other electrical accessory.
accessory.
Excessive mechanical Correct mechanical binding.

friction.
Synchrophaser operates Excessive mechanical Decrease torque required to

intermittently. friction. drive the trimmer.
Intermittent short in pickup Repair pickup lead or

or wiring. replace pickup.
Intermittent fault in control Replace control box.

box.
Intermittent open in actuator Replace actuator or repair

or motor leads. leads.
Defective electrical plug Replace plug connector.

connector.
Excessive voltage spikes on Repair offending electrical

bus from other malfunction- accessory.
ing electrical accessory.

14-133. PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER. (Woodward Type II)
14-134. DESCRIPTION OF PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER SYSTEM. (Refer to Figure 14-50.)The

Woodward Type 11synchrophaser consists of a control box mounted in the cockpit, a coil incorporated in
each primary governor, a magnetic pickup and a disc located near three phase targets for each engine that
rotates with each propeller shaft.
The system operates on electronic impulses, generated by the disc target passing each magnetic pickup,
being fed into the control box. This control box detects any difference in the electrical pulses which will cause
the control box to change the governor speed setting by varying the coil voltage until the engine RPM's exactly
match. Normal governor operation is unchanged, but the synchrophaser will continuously monitor and bias
the governor speed setting to match engine RPM's.
The synchrophaser automatically matches the RPM's of the two engines and allows the pilot to select any
desired phase relationship between the propellers. The RPM of one engine will follow changes in the RPM of
the other engine within a predetermined limited range. This limited range feature prevents either engine from
losing more thn a fixed amount of RPM in case the other engine is feathered while the synchrophaser is "ON".
In no case will the RPM follow beyond that selected by the prop control lever.
The propeller synchrophaser "ON-OFF" switch and the phase adjuster control are combined on a single
knob protruding from the instrument panel just above the control levers. After takeoff manually synchronize
the propellers and then turn the synchrophaser "ON. When making propeller speed changes, such as from
climb to cruise, switch the synchrophaser "OFF" move the propeller levers to the desired setting and manually
synchronize, then turn the synchrophaser back "ON". Whenever an engine is to be feathered or during takeoff
or landing, the synchrophaser must be turned "OFF".
14-135. FUNCTIONAL TEST. This test should be done in flight. First synchronize the propellers manually.
and then switch the synchrophaser "ON". Now slowly adjust either propeller governor control lever, in small
increments to increase and decrease the RPM. The RPM range over which the engines will remain
synchronized is the limited range. With the synchrophaser "OFF", establish a maximum of 15 rpm difference
between propeller RPM's. Turn the synchrophaser "ON" and synchronization will result. Once
synchronization is established the synchrophaser will have a range of approximately 35 rpm in cruise. Slowly
turn knob to the "PHASE SELECT" position and audibly observe phase shift.
14-136. TROUBLESHOOTING WITH MINIMUM FIELD EQUIPMENT. The following information will
help locate system malfunction in the field with the minimum amount of equipment. The usual mechanics
14-137. GROUND CHECK. (Refer to Figure 14-50.)

a. Ascertain that the master switch is "ON" and the circuit protector is not tripped. Also. determine
that the Jones plug receptacle is properly mated with the plug in the airplane's wiring harness. The two halves
of the Jones plug should be safety wired together if it does not have retaining clips.
b. Separate the Jones plug and complete the tests listed in Table XIV-XX. Synchrophaser Wiring
Test. Complete each step regardless of how recently the installation was made.
NOTE
master switch is off, and the synchrophaser circuit protector is
pulled.

6G8
2775
1. OVERSPEED GOVERNOR, LEFT 13

2 PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR, LEFT
3 OVERSPEED GOVERNOR, RIGHT
4 PROPELLER CONSTANT SPEED GOVERNOR, RIGHT 016 TO 028
5. CONTROL BOX ASSEMBLY OF AN INCH
6 CIRCUIT BREAKER
7 SWITCH ASSEMBLY
8 CONNECTOR
9 CONNECTOR
10 CONNECTOR
11 CONNECTOR
12 MAGNETIC PHASE PICKUP
13 TARGET (3)
Figure 14-50. Propeller Synchrophaser Installation

(Woodward Type II)

Reissued:2/6/81
CAUTION
damaged.
NOTE
connectedto the Jones plug socket. Zero the ohmmeterand read on
the XI to X10 scale.
NOTE
If another accessory uses the same circuit protector, turn this
accessory off before starting tests. The control box must be
unplugged for these tests also.
CAUTION
Do not probe the Jones plugs with anything thicker than .045of an
inch in diameter. Insert and removeprobe carefully.Failure to do so
will result in loose pin connections and faulty synchrophaser
operation.
ACCESSORIESANDUTILITIES
Reissued:2/6/81
6G10
TABLE XIV-XX . SYNCHROPHASER WIRING TEST (WOODWARD TYPE II)
NOTE
Resistance readings may be 20% higher during heat soak following

shutdown.
TEST BETWEEN OHMMETER READING

RECEPTACLE NUMBERS 24 VOLT SYSTEM
1 and aircraft ground 0 - ohms
2 and aircraft ground open circuit
3 and aircraft ground 90-110 ohms
5 and aircraft ground 90-110 ohms
4 and 8 140-190 ohms
6 and 8 140-190 ohms
c. When the system meets all of the above test values, turn the master switch "ON" and reset the
synchrophaser circuit breaker (control box must still be unplugged) and make the following voltage check.
TABLE XIV-XX . Synchrophaser Wiring Test (WOODWARD TYPE II) (cont.)

VOLTAGE CHECK
TEST BETWEEN
RECEPTACLE NUMBERS VOLT METER READINGS
2 and I Same as supply voltage and polarity

of Pin 2 must be positive & pin 1
negative
d. When the system checks out according to the above tests the control box may be connected.

6G11
14-138. FLIGHT CHECKS. Perform the functional test in accordance with Paragraph 14-135.If the system
will not pass this test, try the following steps:
a. With the synchrophaser ON, see if the synchrophaser action is affected by RPM and/or power
rough governor drive. If operation at lower RPM results in improved synchrophasing, the drives to the
governors should be investigated.
master and synchrophaser switches ON. If the synchrophasing improves, there is a possibility that abnormal
voltage spikes on the bus from some other electrical accessory have been upsetting the synchrophaser. Isolate
the offending electrical accessory and repair it. If the trouble has been traced to the control box, exchange it for
another unit.
NOTE

Company.
14-139. OHMMETER CHECK OF MAGNETIC PICKUP. The following check is used to determine
whether or not a magnetic pickup is defective.
CAUTION
Before performing this check make certain there is no current

flowing in the circuit.
a. Disconnect the pickup leads from the control box connector.

b. Set the ohmmeter to RXI or RX10 scale and connect the meter probes across the pickup leads.
c. The meter should read 50 to 60 ohms. The pickup must be replaced if the above reading is not
obtained.
d. To check the voltage output of the governor magnetic pickup, an oscilloscope or Woodward Test
Instrument part number 213599 is required.
TABLE XIV-XXI. MAGNETIC PICKUP VOLTAGE OUTPUT TEST.
TEST BETWEEN
RECEPTACLE NUMBERS RPM SETTING VOLTS A.C. PEAK TO PEAK
5 and 1/3 and 1 Cruise 3 V.A.C.
5 and 1/3 and 1 Minimum cruise Not less than 2 V.A.C
5 and 1 3 and I Maximum cruise Not less than 10 V.A.C.
Reissued: 2/6/81 AND UTILITIES

ACCESSORIES
6G12
BOX
& SWITCH
BREAKER
PANEL
(JONES
PLUG)
LEFT
PICKUP
Figure 14-51. Propeller Synchrophaser Diagram

(Woodward Type II)
14-140. REMOVAL OF CONTROL BOX.

a. Disconnect the Jones plug, the wire going to the bus and the harness going to the switch.
b. Remove the four machine screws and locknut and remove the control box.
NOTE
The control box is a transistorized unit which cannot be serviced in

the field. Special Woodward Test Unit No. 213618 can be used to
explore the control box and locate any malfunctioning.
14-141. INSTALLATION OF CONTROL BOX.

a. Install the control box to the mounting bracket and secure with four screws and locknuts.
b. Connect the wires going to the switch and airplane bus.
14-142. MAGNETIC PHASE PICKUP REMOVAL, INSTALLATION AND ADJUSTMENT.

a. Remove the engine cowling. (Refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
b. Disconnect electrical wiring from the magnetic pickup.
c. Remove the safety wire from the magnetic pickup locknut and remove locknut.
d. Remove magnetic pickup.
e. Install pickup in bracket and secure in position with locknut.
f. Rotate prop and insure targets do not hit pickup.
NOTE
Proper clearance between magnetic pickup and targets, should be

.016 to .028 of an inch. Insure that the magnetic disc makes contact
and not locknut. (Refer to Figure 14-50.)
g. Insure that all targets are within the clearance specified.

h. Safety wire locknut and connect the electrical wiring.
i. Install engine cowling. (Refer to Section VIII or Section VIIIA.)
14-142a. PROPELLER AUTOFEATHER SYSTEM.
14-142b. DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION. The propeller autofeather system pro-
vides automatic propeller feathering should engine failure be experienced at any time after the power levers
have been advanced for flight and the system arming conditions have been met.
A two position AUTOFEATHER ARM switch is mounted on the lower left portion of the instrument
panel adjacent to the pedestal. This switch is used to arm the autofeather system and has two positions labeled
ARM and OFF. Additionally, an AUTOFEATHER TEST switch is located immediately to the right of the
AUTOFEATHER ARM switch. This switch is used to ground test the system prior to flight. It has two posi-
tions labeled L and R. Two lights are located in the annunciator panel. One is green and is labeled
ARM-AUTOFEATHER. The other is amber and labeled FAIL-AUTOFEATHER. Circuit protection is
provided by a push-to-reset type circuit breaker in the nonessential circuit breaker panel on the left sidewall.

6G14
The logic signals which arm the autofeather system are power lever position, torque, torque differential
and engine bleed air pressure. To arm the system. the AUTOFEATHER ARM switch must be in the ARM
position, both power levers must be above the 80% Ng position, both torquemeters must exceed 600 ft.-lbs., the
torque differential between each engine must be less than 500 ft.-lbs., and both bleed air pressures must exceed
22 psi. Any time the system is armed the green ARM-AUTOFEATHER light will be illuminated. For an
engine to autofeather, the system must be armed, it must sense a torque difference between engines of at least
500 ft.-lbs., a drop of bleed air pressure below 17psi and torque below 600 ft.-lbs. When an autofeather occurs
the ARM-AUTOFEATHER light will extinguish and the propeller will feather and decelerate to a stop or a
slow rotation (dependent upon airspeed) in approximately 10 seconds. Once an autofeather occurs the system
will not autofeather the other engine.
If any of the logic signals fail, the system will not arm. If the computer internally senses a logic signal
failure, the FAIL-AUTOFEATHER light will illuminate. In either case the system should be turned to OFF
pending troubleshooting and repair. The autofeather system must be preflight operational checked prior to
TAKEOFF. (Refer to Pilot's Operating Handbook.)
NOTE
Retarding either power lever prior to the affected engine's propeller

autofeathering, may inhibit the autofeather system.
14-142c. AUTOFEATHER GROUND OPERATIONAL CHECK. The ground operational check must be
performed with both engines at idle RPM, propeller controls forward, bleed air on, generators on. with
regulated aircraft voltage and the autofeather circuit breaker pushed in.
a. Place the AUTOFEATHER OFF-ARM switch in the ARM position.
b. Depress the annunciator press-to-test switch located in the upper left instrument panel and observe
whether the ARM-AUTOFEATHER light and the FAIL-AUTOFEATHER light are illuminated.
c. Release the switch and observe whether the lights are extinguished.
d. Using the autofeather test switch located on the lower left instrument panel adjacent to the pedestal.
feather the left engine propeller.
e. Move the switch to the center 'OFF" position and observe that the prop unfeathers.
f. Move the test switch to the right and observe that the right engine propeller feathers.
g. Return the switch to the center OFF" position and observe that the prop unfeathers.
h. Advance the power lever to 80% Ng and observe that the ARM-AUTOFEATHER light is
illuminated.
i. Return the engines to idle RPM.
14-142d. AUTOFEATHER ELECTRICAL SYSTEM GROUND CHECKS.

a. Remove the avionics bay accesscover.
b. Locate the autofeather computer at F.S. 30.0 (approx.) and remove connector E411 from the
computer.
c. Determine that the autofeather circuit breaker, located on the right (non-essentialcircuit breaker
panel), is pushed in.
d. Establish 28 VDC electrical power on the non-essential bus.
e. Place the AUTOFEATHER OFF-ARM switch, located on the lower left instrument panel, in the
ARM position.
f. Using a MULTIMETER perform the following test:
Test Between Connector E41 Multimeter

Receptacle Numbers Reading
21 and aircraft ground 28 VDC
28 and aircraft ground Ground (0 ohms)
I and aircraft ground Open (high resistance)
2 and aircraft ground Open (high resistance)
18 and 20 High resistance
11 and 15 0 ohms
11 and 9 0 ohms
14 and 10 0 ohms
14 and 12 0 ohms
4 and 26 30 ohms
22 and 27 30 ohms
g. Upon successful completion of the above tests, turn the AUTOFEATHER OFF-ARM switch to
the OFF position and remove the power from the aircraft circuits.
h. Reconnect connector E41 to the autofeather computer.
i. Reinstall the avionics bay access cover.

6G16
TABLE XIV-XXII TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER)

(WOODWARD TYPE II)

Synchrophaser Defective power lead Repair lead or
inoperative. or circuit breaker. replace circuit breaker.
Defective ground lead. Repair lead.
Magnetic pickup "OPEN" Replace governor.

or "SHORTED" to ground.
Pickup wiring or connector Repair wiring or connector.

"OPEN" or "SHORTED"
to ground.
Faulty receptacle half Replace connector.

at system connector.
Control box defective. Replace control box.
RPM Surge or Hunt

(See Note)
NOTE
Magnitude and frequency of speed hunt will vary depending on

which coil is defective and whether the basic governor speed setting
of that governor is equal to, higher than, or lower than the other
governor.
Sync coil, leads, aircraft Replace governor or repair

wiring or connectors or replace leads, wiring
"OPEN". or connector.
Sync coil, leads, aircraft Replace governor or repair

wiring or connectors or replace leads, wiring
"SHORTED" or connector. Replace
together. Results in control box after testing
permanent control box 1 thru 10. (Refer to Table
damage XIV-XX.)
Left engine increases RPM Left coil, coil lead, Replace governor or repair
out of sync when synchro- associated wiring or or replace wiring or
phaser is turned "ON." connector grounded. Left connector.
pickup output low.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ACCESSORIES

ANDUTIITIES
6G17
TABLE XIV-XXII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (PROPELLER SYNCHROPHASER)

(WOODWARD TYPE 11)
Right or left engine in- Pickup or associated Repair "OPEN" wiring

creases RPM out of sync wiring on engine which or replace governor.
when synchrophaser is increases "OPEN."
turned "ON". Pickup output low.
Insufficient synchro- Right coil, coil lead, Replace governor; repair

phaser range. associated wiring or con- wiring; repair or replace
nector grounded. connector.
System synchrophases Pickup or coil leads Correct wiring per

but is marginally swapped between left wiring schematic,
stable. and right engines. Figure 14-51.
Circuit Breaker "Trips" Power lead short or Remove fault. Replace

defective control box. control box after
testing 1 thru 10.
Synchrophaser corrects One side of control Replace control box.

in one direction only. box defective.
Slow to synchrophase Defective control box. Replace control box.

and won't hold synchro-
phasing.
Excessive voltage spikes Repair offending

from other electrical electrical accessory.
accessory.
Synchrophaser operates Intermittent short in Repair pickup lead or

intermittently. pickup or wiring replace pickup.
Intermittent fault in Replace control box.

control box.
Defective electrical Replace plug connector.

plug connector.
Excessive voltage spikes Repair offending

on bus from other electrical acessory.
malfunctioning elec-
trical accessory.

6G18
FIRE CONTROL.
14-143. ENGINECOMPARTMENT
14-144. FIRE DETECTIONSYSTEM.
14-145. GENERAL. A fire detection system is provided for each engine. In the event of an engine
compartment fire, thermal detector units installed in the nacelle actuate and complete an electrical circuit,
illuminating the master caution warning light, sounding a warning horn and illuminating the appropriate
engine fire warninglight on the annunciator display.
14-146. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION. Each engine fire detection system consists of three fire
detecting thermal units and their interconnectingharness.Two of these units are located on each side of the
front fire seal in the hot section, and one located at the bottom of the rear fire seal in the accessorysection.
The thermal units actuate at a temperature of 450 F. Wheneverthe contacts in any one of the thermal
units is actuated (due to a fire condition) the circuit is completed, causingthe master caution light to blink,
a horn to blow, and the engine fire warning light to show on the annunciator display.The horn and flashing
light may be deactivatedby pressingon the master caution light.
The TEST switch, when pressed, connects the interconnecting harnesses of each engine system in
series and completes a circuit through the annunciator display to ground thus checking the continuity of
the system and the operation of the left and right engine fire warninglights on the annunciator.
Figure 14-52.Engine Fire Detectors
Reissued:2/6/81 6G19 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

14-147. FIRE EXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM.
14-148. GENERAL. The fire extinguishing system consists of an independent system for each engine.
Each system has a switch located to the left of the pilot, which, when actuated, electrically dischargesthe
fire extinguisher bottle for that system. The extinguishing agent is directed by a tube into the appropriate
engine compartment.
14-149. DESCRIPTIONAND OPERATION. Each engine fire extinguishing system consistsof a spherical
container (bottle) that stores the fire extinguishingagent (Halon 1301) chargedto 360 +25 -0 psig at 70° F
with dry nitrogen. A pressure gauge mounted on the side of the bottle indicates the internal (charged)
pressure. Each bottle is mounted on the right side of each rear fire seal in the accessory section of the
engine nacelles. A main discharge pipe extends from a valveon the bottom of the bottle, forward, through
the rear and front fire seals to the "hot section" of the engine. An additional tube extends from the main
discharge pipe and passes aft through the rear fire seal and terminates at the top of the engine accessory
section.
An electrically operated cartridge (firing squib), screwed into the dischargevalve at the base of the
bottle, provides the means of releasing the extinguishingagent. Whenthe switch in the cockpit is actuated,
the firing squib in the dischargevalve is detonated, which inturn punctures the seal in the dischargevalve
allowing the release of the extinguishing agent through the pipes. The container (bottle) also has a
combination fill fitting and safety relief valve assembly. If ambient temperature should rise abnormally
(215°F to 226 F), a fusible check valve within the fill fitting melts, thus relievingthe contents of the
container (bottle) and avoidingany possible bursting of the container.
14-150.TESTING EXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM.
a. A quick check may be made of the system electricalcircuit by turning the aircraft master switch
ON and press the annunciator display test switch. Verify that the left and right engine fire extinguisher
inoperative indicator lightsare operating. A more thorough check is found in the followingsteps:
b. Assure all aircraft electricalpower is off and that all circuit breakersare disengaged.
c. Disconnect the electrical wiring harness from the fire extinguisher squib in one engine
compartment and connect a test lamp acrossthe disconnected wires of the harness.
d. Reset circuit breakers;turn master switch ON.
e. Engage the appropriate engine fire extinguisher switch in the cockpit and verify that the test
lamp illuminates.
f. Reset fire extinguisherswitch; turn master switch OFF; disengagecircuit breakersand disconnect
the test lamp.
g. Connect a squib tester (Model 115 squib test, American Standard, Monrovia, California)to the
squib terminals and check for a nominal resistance of 1.15 ± 0.25 ohms. Disconnectthe squib tester.
WARNING
Do not use a volt-ohmmeter, battery powered continuity light, or

any similar device in an attempt to test the squib assembly.Useof
test deviceswhich pass more than 30 MA may detonate the squib.
h. Assure aircraft electrical system is deactivated; then reconnect system wiring to squib assembly
terminals,insuring ground wire is connected to ground terminal.
i. Repeat Steps "a" through "i" for opposite engine.
j. A pressure check of the fire extinguisher containers should be made periodically to determine
that the pressure is between the minimum and maximum limits prescribed by the manufacturer. Refer to
the Pressure-TemperatureCorrection Table on the container (bottle) or refer to Chart XIV-XXIII
Reissued: 2/6/81 6G20 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

6G20
1407
1. SWITCH PANEL
2. LEFT FIRE EXTINGUISHER
3. RIGHT FIRE EXTINGUISHER
4. ANNUNCIATOR DISPLAY
Figure 14-53. Engine Fire Control System
NOTE
Changes of pressure with ambient pressure must fall within the

prescribed limits. If pressures do not fall within the prescribed
limits, the extinguisher container should be replaced.
14-151. REMOVAL OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER BOTTLE.

a. Assure aircraft master switch is OFF, and fire extinguisher circuit breaker is disengaged.
b. Remove upper and lower engine cowling.
c. Disconnect the three wires that connect the squib unit with the aircraft harness.
CAUTION
Charged bottles must be handled with care to avoid damaging the

seal. Do not bring any electrical current in contact with the
terminals on the squib assembly of a loaded unit or accidental
detonation could result.
d. Disconnect the discharge pipe at the fire seal fitting and also remove the nut and washer from the
fitting on the forward side of the fire seal.
CAUTION
Frostbite or low temperature burns will result if Halon 1301

(Bromotrifluoromethane CBrF3) comes in contact with the skin.
Reissued: 2/6/81 ACCESSORIES AND UTILTIIES

6G21
UPPER COWL SKIN
1.50 H
Figure 14-54. Engine Fire Extinguisher
e. Support the bottle: loosen the mounting clamp and remove the bottle. The fitting may then be
removed from discharge port of the squib housing.
14-152. SERVICING FIRE EXTINGUISHER BOTTLE.

a. Check for evidence of leakage or damage to the container.
b. If the bottle is not being removed for the purpose of replacement, it should be weighed and must
fall within 0.25 pounds of the total weight stamped on the data plate.
c. If the bottle is found underweight or damaged, it must be replaced with a serviceable unit.
d. Check the indicated pressure reading on the fire extinguisher bottle. The pressure of a serviceable
unit should be within the specifications given in Table XIV-XXIII.
TABLE XIV-XXIII. PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE CORRECTION
Temperature -60 -40 -20 0 +20 +40 +60 +80 +100 +120
Ind. Pressure 110 127 148 174 207 249 304 367 442 532
134 155 180 212 251 299 354 417 492 582
14-153. INSTALLATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER.

a. Install the connector fitting into the squib housing and tighten.
b. Locate the bottle into its proper position with the discharge tube connector fitting protruding
through the hole in the fire seal.
c. Secure the bottle in place by tightening the clamp and installing nut and washer on the fitting
that protrudes through the fire seal.
d. Connect and secure the discharge pipe to the fire seal fitting.
e. Ascertain the placement of the discharge nozzles per dimensions shown in Figure 14-54. It is
important that the nozzles be positioned as shown to obtain proper dispersal of the extinguishing agent.
f. Check and make sure that all aircraft electrical power is OFF; then connect the wires to their proper
terminals on the squib assembly.
g. Install engine cowling.
h. Turn aircraft electrical system ON and press annunciator test switch and verify the lighting of
the left and right engine fire extinguisher inoperative indicator lights are operating.
14-154. FIRE EXTINGUISHER. HAND H ELD. A portable fire extinguisher is mounted to the seat frame
beneath the pilot's seat. The extinguisher is suitable for use on liquid or electrical fires. It is operated byaiming
the nozzle at the base of the fire and squeezing the trigger grip. Releasing the trigger automatically stops
further discharge of.the extinguishing agent. Read the instructions on the nameplate and become familiar
with the unit before an emergency situation. The dry powder type extinguisher is fully discharged in about 10
seconds, while the Halon 1211 type is discharged in 15 to 20 seconds.
WARNING
The concentrated agent from extinguishers using Halon 1211 or

the by-products when applied to a fire are toxic when inhaled.
Ventilate the cabin as soon as possible after fire is extinguished to
remove smoke or fumes. Use oxygen, if necessary.
14-155. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER, INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE.

a. It is recommended that the fire extinguisher be inspected monthly or in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions on the label attached to the fire extinguisher.
b. When inspecting the fire extinguisher, check the following items:
1. Check that the inspection tag is present and has been updated.
2. Check that the locking ring is firmly in place and has not been tampered with.
3. Check for cleanliness, dents, scratches, damage and corrosion. If found, take extinguisher to a
qualified dealer or distributor for testing and/or repair.
4. Check the discharge nozzle for cleanliness and clogging.
5. Check for a full charge. Check the charge weight noted on the nameplate with an appropriate
scale.
6. Check that the gauge indicator is in the green service pressure section.

6G23

6G24 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES
APPENDIX
WINDOWINSPECTIONANDREPAIR- STANDARDPRACTICES
1. Window Inspection.
a. DEFINITIONS. The following apply to all cockpit and cabin windows.
Critical The viewing area of the windshields used for taxiing, takeoff, climb, cruise, and
landing.
Semi-Critical The viewing area used for general flight vision.
Non-Critical Viewing areas not normally used for flight operations.
Distortion Lines in windows or windshields that cause waviness in objects when looking
through the window or windshield.
Crack Critical narrow break, fissure, or separation extending through the entire thickness
of the transparent material.
Craze Fissure on the surface of the transparent material that does not penetrate the full
thickness of the material.
Crazing Mesh of fine hairline cracks that do not penetrate the full thickness of the material,
located on the surface or within the structure of the transparent material.
Star Craze A condition where several fissures radiate from a central point.
Wedge A condition in a piece of optical glass having a progressive variation in thickness or
absorption from one side to the other.
Scratch An abrasion on the surface of the material caused by contact with rough abrasives
or sharp objects.
Hairline Scratch Visible scratch undetectable when passing a fingernail over the scratch. Considered
non-critical other than being an appearance defect.
Light Scratch A scratch measuring less than 0.010 inch (0.254 mm) deep. Can be detected when
passing a fingernail over the scratch. Considered non-critical except for appearance.
Heavy Scratch A scratch measuring more than 0.010 inch (0.254 mm) deep. Can be detected when
passing a fingernail over the scratch. This type of scratch may be accompanied by
chipping along the edge. Considered critical when occurring to inner glass ply.
Considered semi-critical when occurring to outer glass ply within certain
limitations (see inspection criteria). Considered non-critical within certain
limitations (see inspection criteria) when occurring to acrylic surfaces.
Chip A chip is considered a small scratch.
Haze A foggy appearance located on the surface of the transparent material.
Blemish Speck, air bubble, or other minor imperfection imbedded in the transparent
material.
Mark-Off An almost nonexistent shallow depression on the surface possessing practically no
depth. Discernible only due to a noticeable rim or roughened surface caused by
mold surface defects transferred to the surface during the forming operation.
Delamination Visible evidence of a physical break of the bond between the plastic interlayer and
either glass ply. Delamination may be caused by laminating stresses, preload on
installation, or excessive heat.
Added: 10/15/97 6H1 ACCESSORES AND UTILITIES

b. CRITICAL AREA INSPECTION - GLASS WINDSHIELDS. A critical area is the area of the
laminated glass windshields used for taxiing, takeoff, climb, cruise, and landing.
(1) Cracks could occur in either the inner, outer, or both panes. Cracking in either pane is critical and
cause for immediate replacement.
(2) Crazing.
(a) Crazing in the windshields is critical.
(b) Determine depth of craze using a calibrated depth gauge or scale (see Figure 14-APP-1).
(c) A craze of 0.062 inch (1.575 mm) depth is cause for immediate replacement. A craze of
0.031 inch (0.787 mm) depth is cause for replacement at the earliest opportunity.
(d) Crazing in any portion of the windshields requires replacement.
(3) Blemishes.
(a) Blemishes in windshields form in the vinyl plastic interlayer bonding the two glass panes
together.
(b) Blemishes in the critical or semi-critical portion of the windshields are not acceptable unless
0.062 inch (1.575 mm) or smaller in circumference, including distorted area.
(c) No more than two blemishes, at least 12 inches (30.48 cm) apart are acceptable in the
windshields.
(d) No more than two blemishes within a two inch (5.08 cm) area along the upper portion of the
windshields are acceptable.
(4) Haze or foggy appearance on the glass is not acceptable if the amount of haze/fog causes an
obstruction of vision in the area used for operation of the aircraft.
(5) Scratches.
(a) A scratch, no longer than 0.062 inch (1.575 mm) long and no deeper that 0.020 inch (0.508
mm) is acceptable.
(b) Heavy scratches on either glass ply are cause for immediate windshield replacement.
(c) Hairline scratches may be waxed and buffed out.
(6) Delamination.
(a) Cloudy or milky appearance in the delamination indicates moisture or solvent penetration.
Windshields with this condition should be replaced at the earliest opportunity.
(b) Delaminated areas characterized by irregular or jagged boundaries indicate uneven
separation of the vinyl and glass. This condition may cause the vinyl to pull chips from the
inner glass surface, resulting in failure of the glass ply. Conduct periodic inspections to
determine if the damage is progressive or if chipping of the inner glass surface is present.
(7) Mark-Off of such low intensity that vision quality is not impaired and that is not visible when
looking through the windshield is acceptable.
(8) Distortion. Slight horizontal distortion is acceptable, if: there are no more than two lines; they do
not occupy more than 25 percent of the windshield area, and; they are separated by a minimum of
six inches (15.24 cm).

6H2 Added: 10/15/97
c. SEMI-CRITICAL AREA INSPECTION - GLASS WINDSHIELD, COCKPIT ACRYLIC

WINDOWS.Semi-criticalareas are the perimeterof the glass windshieldand areas of cockpit acrylic
windowsused for generalflight vision.
(1) Mark-Off of such low intensity that vision quality is not impaired and that is not visible when
lookingthrough the windshieldis acceptable.
(2) Distortion.
(a) A moderateamountof distortionis acceptablealongthe lower portionof the windshieldif no
morethan 1.5 inches(3.81cm) abovethe windshieldretrainerstrip.
(b) Distortionmaynot be so severethat it restrictsvision or divertsrunwaylines or sectionlines
more than 45° .
(c) Slight horizontaldistortionis acceptable,if: there are no more than two lines; they do not
occupymore than 25 percent of the windshieldarea, and; they are separatedby a minimum
of six inches (15.24cm).
6" SCALE
Figure 14-APP-1.DeterminingDepth of Craze.

(3) Crazing.
(a) Crazingin the windshieldsis critical.
(b) Determinedepth of crazeusing a calibrateddepth gaugeor scale (see Figure 14-APP-1).
(c) A craze 0.031 inch (0.787mm) deepis causefor replacementat the earliestopportunity.
(d) Crazingin any portionof the windshieldsrequiresreplacement.

(5) Blemishes.
(a) Blemishes in windshields form in the vinyl plastic interlayer bonding the two glass panes
together.
(b) Blemishes in the critical or semi-critical portion of the windshields are not acceptable unless
0.062 inch (1.575 mm) or smaller in circumference, including distorted area.
(c) No more than two blemishes, at least 12 inches (30.48 cm) apart are acceptable in the
windshields.
(d) No more than two blemishes within a two inch (5.08 cm) area along the upper portion of the
windshields are acceptable.
(6) Scratches.
(a) Light scratches in the lower portion of the window and windshield are acceptable if they do
not extend more than 1.00 inch (2.54 cm) from the outside windshield retainer and are less
than 1.00 inch (2.54 cm) long.
(b) Scratches in acrylic windows may be reworked if:
1) They are less than 0.030 inch (0.762 mm) deep.
2) 0.310 inch (7.874 mm) panes are a minimum of 0.279 inch (7.087 mm) thick after
rework.
rework.
rework.
5) No vision distortions in critical and semi-critical areas as a result of rework.
(c) Replace acrylic windows with scratches that cannot be reworked in accordance with these
standards.
(7) Delamination.
(a) Cloudy or milky appearance in the delamination indicates moisture or solvent penetraton.
Windshields with this condition should be replaced at the earliest opportunity.
(b) Delaminated areas characterized by irregular or jagged boundaries indicate uneven
separation of the vinyl and glass. This condition may cause the vinyl to pull chips from the
inner glass surface, resulting in failure of the glass ply. Conduct periodic inspections to
determine if the damage is progressive or if chipping of the inner glass surface is present.
(c) Replace windshield if any of the following condition are noted:
1) Evidence of chipping of inner glass surface.
2) Area of vision required for safe operation is affected (pilot's discretion).
3) Windshield heat system inoperative.
(8) Cracks. Inspect for cracks as directed in paragraph le, Crack Inspection - Acrylic Windows.
d. NON-CRITICAL AREA INSPECTION - CABIN WINDOWS. A non-critical area is a portion of a
window not used for flight vision.
(1) Mark-Off in moderate amounts is acceptable provided that visibility is not impaired.
6H4
(2) Distortion.
(a) Distortion along the sides of the window within 0.5 inches (1.27 cm) or less of the retainer is
acceptable.
(b) Distortion along the upper portion of the window is acceptable if distortion does not extend
downward more than 2.00 inches (5.08 cm) from the top and does not impair vision.
(c) Distortion of the main body of the side window is acceptable providing the distorted area
does not exceed 25 percent of the winddow area.
(3) Crazing.
(a) Crazing in the winddow is critical.
(b) Determine depth of craze using a calibrated depth gauge or scale (see Figure 14-APP-1).
(c) A craze of 0.062 inch (1.575 mm) depth is cause for immediate replacement. A craze 0.031
inch (0.787 mm) deep is cause for replacement at the earliest opportunity.
(d) Crazing in any portion of the winddow requires replacement.
(5) Cracks. Inspect for cracks as directed in paragraph 1e, Crack Inspection - Acrylic Windows.
e. CRACK INSPECTION - ACRYLIC WINDOWS.
(1) Perform this inspection annually or each 1,000 hours, whichever occurs first.
- Note -
This inspection should also be performed after repainting when any chemical
stripping agent was used. Use the prism method described in step (3) to inspect the
entire circumference of the window for stripper damage/etching; especially in areas
concealed by window frames, retainers, plates, or collars.
(2) Inspect window panes as follows:
(a) Inspect sealant for signs of wear, deterioration, and positive contact with mounting surfaces.
(b) Inspect window frames, retainers, plates, and collars for cracks, loose rivets or screws,
corrosion, and structural defects.
(3) Inspect emergency exit and eyebrow window bolt holes as follows, using Window Inspection Kit
- P/N 766-294. (A 45° acrylic prism and glycerin may be used if kit not available.)
(a) Clean area to be inspected with soap and water to ensure surface is free of oil, dirt, and wax.
(b) Determine which immersion oil to use: Type A in cold weather; Type B in hot weather.
(c) Apply a small amount of oil to the surface of window adjacent to bolt hole. On initial
application, use a small amount of oil applied directly to one 90 ° face of inspection prism in
contact with glass or acrylic (see Figure 14-APP-2).
(d) Press oiled face of prism to glass or acrylic. Slide prism around until a constant film of oil
extends across prism face and window surface.
(e) Look into 90 ° face of prism (see Figure 14-APP-2). The image of an unfractured fastener
hole will appear as a frosty cylinder.
(f) If hole is countersunk, cylinder will appear to have a cone setting on one end as seen in
Figure 14-APP-2.
.. .....
Adaeao: iUW3/Y/
. ...6H5 .
A.LhCNSUOKUS
.
ANU U I' ILI l'llS
A. PRISMFACES
PROJECTED
IMAGE
Figure 14-APP-2. Visual Inspection
(g) The image of a cracked hole will appear as a frosty or reflective projection extending from
the hole (see detail A-A, Figure 14-APP-3).
(h) The image of a crack from one hole to another will appear as a frosty or reflective irregular
surface (see detail B-B, Figure 14-APP-3).
6H6
DETAILD
Figure 14-APP-3. Crack Limitations.
(4) Crack Limitation.

(a) The maximum acceptable length of a crack from any single screw hole is 0.300 inch
(7.62mm).
(b) The maximum combined length of multiple cracks into the space between two adjacent bolt
holes is 0.300 inch (7.62mm) (see Figure 14-APP-3).
(c) If a crack less than 0.300 inch (7.62mm) is left unrepaired, reinspect the window each
additional 25 hours of aircraft operation.
(d) A maximum of three bolt holes with cracks less that 0.299 inch (7.59mm) long are
acceptable in any one window pane before that window pane must be replaced.
(e) Replace window pane if a single crack or combination of adjacent facing cracks exceed
0.300 inch (7.62mm) in length.
6H7
(5) Chips, Scratches, and Crazing Limitations.

(a) Scratches in acrylic windows may be reworked if:
1) They are less than 0.030 inch (0.762 mm) deep.
rework.
rework.
rework.
5) No vision distortions in critical and semi-critical areas as a result of rework.
(b) Replace acrylic windows with scratches that cannot be reworked in accordance with these
standards.
2. WindowRepair / ReworkProcedure(SideAcrylicWindowsOnly). The followingmethodsshouldbe
used for repairs:
a. AREAS WITH SMALL SCRATCHES:
(1) Clean the window, using generous amounts of water and a mild detergent.
(2) Polish the window with an approved compound and soft cloth.
(3) Clean and wax the polished area.
b. AREAS WITH LARGE SCRATCHES, GOUGES AND NICKS: Areas with damages exceeding .003
of an inch depth or those with less than .003 of an inch in depth, having sharp edges which cause
hanging of fingernail should be locally rounded out or buffed.
(1) Clean the window using generous amounts of water and a mild detergent.
(2) Use a scratch removal kit, such as the type supplied by Micro-Surface Finishing Products Inc.,
P.O. Box 456, Wilton, Iowa, to remove the defective area, blend and buff.
(3) Using 400A wet or dry abrasive paper wrapped around a smooth rubber block and generous
amounts of water, lightly sand over and around the defected area in a circular motion, extending
in a diameter equal to two or three times the defected area.
(4) Continue sanding until the initial defect is no longer apparent. Thoroughly flush the area with
water.
(5) Using 600A wet or dry abrasive paper, repeat step (3). Continue sanding only until the hairline
scratches caused by the coarse sanding are no longer apparent. Sand a larger area than that
covered by the original sanding operation. Thoroughly wash the area.
(6) Finish the repair using instructions given in Method a.
CAUTION
Any acrylic window which may have been damaged by paint
thinner, paint remover or other softening agent must be
replaced. NO repair is permitted for this type of damage.
ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES Added: 10/15/97

PAGES 6H9 THRU 6L24 INTENTIONALLYBLANK
Added: 10/15/97 6H9 ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES

AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD7 OF8
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2,1984
PARTNUMBER
753826 7A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997

PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
PA-31T1, CHEYENNE I
To aid in locating the various chapters and related service information desired, the following is provided

CR810206 February 6, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
1R860220 February 20, 1986 3
IR860430 April 30, 1986 3
1R860821 August 21, 1986 1
1R871009 June 15, 1988 2
1R900313 March 13, 1990 1
IR941019 October 19, 1994 1 and 2
1R950320 March 20, 1995 1
1R971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8

Aerofiche card set (Cards I - 8) and replace it with the revised Aerofiche
manual.

SECTION INDEX
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROFICHECARD NO. 2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 3
VIIIA POWER PLANT( PA-31T2) 3A8
IX FUELSYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 4
CARDNO.5
AEROFICHE
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
AEROFICHECARD NO. 6
CARDNO. 7
AEROFICHE
AEROFICHECARD NO. 8

ELECTRICALSCHEMATICINDEX
PA-31T AND PA-31T1
FIGURE NO. SCHEMATIC GRID NO.
ANNUNCIATOR SYSTEMS
Annunciator Panels
15-71 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7D1
15-72 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7D2
15-73 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7D3
15-107 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7F9
15-73 PA-31T1 S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D3
15-107 S/N's: 31T-8104001 to 8104067
and 8104069 7F9
15-107a S/N's: 31T-8104068, 8104070 and up 7F11
COMFORT SYSTEMS
Cigar Lighter
15-12 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7620010 7A21
Razor Outlet
15-58 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7520008 7C12
15-59 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7520009 to 7720007 7C13
Cigar Lighter, Heated Thermos, Razor
15-13 PA-31T. S/N's: 31T-7620011 to 7720007 7A21
15-14 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7A22
15-15 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7A22
15-15 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7A22
Cigar Lighter Only
15-16 PA-31T: S/N's 31T-8120001 and up 7A24
15-16 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A24
Flush Toilet, Thermos, Razor/Inverter
15-17 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7A24
15-17 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A24
DEICE SYSTEMS
Air Intake. Ice Deflector, Propeller (Left)
15-114 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-740002 to 7720007 7F17
15-115 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7F19
15-116 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7F21
15-117 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7F23
15-116 PA-31T1. S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7F21
15-117 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7F23
15-117a S/N's: 31T-8304001 to 8304003
and 31T-1104004 and up 7G1
Air Intake. Ice Deflector, Propeller (Right)
15-118 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7G5
15-119 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7G7
15-120 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7G9
15-121 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7G11
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 7A5 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC INDEX (cont.)
PA-31T AND PA-31T1 (cont.)

DEICE SYSTEMS (CONT.)
15-120 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7G9
15-121 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7G11
15-121a S/N's: 31T-8304001 to 8304003
and 31T-1104004 and up 7G13
Fuel Heat Continuous (Left)
15-88 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7D19
15-89 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7D21
15-90 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7D23
15-91 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7E1
15-90 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D23
15-91 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7E1
Fuel Heat Continuous (Right)
15-84 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7D14
15-85 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7D15
15-86 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7D16
15-87 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7D17
15-86 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D16
15-87 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7D17
Pitot Heat (Left and Right)
15-30 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7B10
15-31 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7B10
15-32 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B11
15-31 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7B10
15-32a S/N's: 31T-8104Q01 and up 7B11
Heated Stall Warning Vane (Optional)
15-110 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8104001 to 8104067
and 8104069 7F14
15-110a PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-8104068, 8104070 and up 7F14
Surface Deice
15-77 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002to 7720007 7D7
15-78 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7D8
15-79 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7D9
15-78 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D8
15-79 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7D9
Windshield Heat (Left and Right)
15-80 PA-3 IT: S/N's: 3 IT-7400002 to 7720007 7D10
15-81 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7920094 7D11
15-82 S/N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 7D12
15-83 S/N's: 31 T-8120001 and up 7D13
15-81 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 7904057 7D11
15-82 S/N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 7D12
15-83 S/N's. 31T-8104001 and up 7D13
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 7A6 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

PA-31T and PA-31T1 (cont.)
FIGURE NO SCHEMATIC GRID NO.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Bus Power Distribution
15-1 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7A16
15-1 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A16
Starter Generator (Left)
15-92 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7E3
15-93 S N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7E5
15-94 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 7920094 7E7
15-95 S/N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 7E9
15-96 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7EII
15-94 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 7904057 7E7
15-95 S/N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 7E9
15-96 S,N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7E11
Starter Generator (Right)
15-98 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7E15
15-99 S N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7E17
15-100 SN's: 31T-7820001 to 7920094 7E19
15-101 S N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 7E21
15-102 S N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7E23
15-100 PA-31TI. S N's: 31T-7804001 to 7904057 7E19
15-101 S N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 7E21
15-102 S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7E23
15-52 Ground Clearance 7C5
15-111 Avionics Emergency Switch Circuit 7F15
ENGINE SYSTEMS
Fire Extinguishers
15-33 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7400042 to 7720007 7B12
15-34 SN's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7B13
15-35 S N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7B14
15-36 S N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B15
15-35 PA-31TI: S N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7B14
15-36 S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7B15
Ignition (Left and Right)
15-37 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7B16
15-38 S N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7B17
15-39 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B18
15-38 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7B17
15-39 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7B18
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Revised: 2/15/82
7A7
ELECTRICALSCHEMATICINDEX(cont.)
PA-31TAND PA-31T1(cont.)
ENGINE SYSTEMS (CONT.)
Ignition- Auto Left and Right (Optional)
15-40 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B19
15-40 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7B19
Oil Cooler Doors - Left and Right
15-64 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7C18
15-65 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7C19
15-66 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7C20
15-67 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C21
15-66 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7C20
15-67 S/N's: 31T-8104001 to 8304003
and 31T-1104004to 1104007 7C21
15-143 S/N's: 31T-1104008 and up 719
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
15- 141 Auxiliary Heat (Optional) 717
Cabin Temperature Controller
15-129 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7H5
15- 130 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7H7
15-131 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 790005 7H9
15-132 S/N's: 31T-7920006 to 7920094 7H11
15-133 S/N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 7H13
15-134 S/N's: 31T-8120001 to 8120060 7H15
15-134a S/N's. 31T-8120061 and up 7H17
15-131 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-78040001 to 7804011 7H9
15-132 S/N's: 31T-7904001 to 7904057 7H11
15-133 S/N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 7H13
15-134 S/N's: 31T-8104001 to 8104062 7H15
15-134a S/N's: 31T-8104063 and up 7H17
Cabin Pressure Controller
15-18 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7B1
15-19 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7B1
15-20 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 7820092 7B2
15-21 S/N's: 31T-7920001 to 8020069 7B2
15-22 S/N's: 31T-8020070 to 8020092 7B3
15-23 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B4
15-20 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001to 7804011 7B2
15-21 S/N's: 31T-7904001 to 8004036 7B2
15-22 S/N's: 31T-8004037 to 8004057 7B3
15-23 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7B4


FLAP SYSTEMS
Wing Flaps
15-58 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7520008 7C12
15-59 S/N's: 31T-7520009 to 7720007 7C13
15-60 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7C14
15-61 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 7820086 7C15
15-62 S/N's: 31T-7820087 to 8020092 7C16
15-63 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C17
15-61 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 7804011 7C15
15-62 S/N's: 31T-7904001 to 8004057 7C16
15-63 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C17
FUEL SYSTEMS
Fuel System (Left)
15-88 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7D19
15-89 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7D21
15-90 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7D23
15-91 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7E1
15-90 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D23
15-91 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7E1
Fuel System (Right)
15-84 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7D14
15-85 S/N's: 31T-7720(08 to 7720069 7D15
15-86 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7D16
15-87 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7D17
15-86 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D16
15-87 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7D17
INDICATORS
Attitude Horizon, DG, Turn and Bank (Left/ Right)
15-41 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7B20
15-42 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7B21
15-43 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B22
15-42 PA-31T1 S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7B21
15-43 S/N's: 31T-81040001 and up 7B22
Chimes. Seat Belts, No Smoking
15-113 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8020067 and up 7F16
15-113 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-8004034 and up 7F16
Clock Digital
15-112 PA-31T- S/N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020055 7F16
15-112 PA-31TI S/N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004038 7F16
Interim Revision:10/15/97 7A9 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS


INDICATORS (cont.)
Clock, OAT, Airspeed, Altitude - Digital Display (Cabin)
15-9 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7A20
15-9 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A20
Hourmeter, OAT
15-6 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7A19
15-7 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7A19
15-8 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7A20
15-7 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7A19
15-8 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A20
Oil Temperature (Left/ Right)
15-24 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720028 7B5
15-25 S/N's: 31T-7720029 to 7720069 7B6
15-26 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7B7
15-26 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001to 8004057 7B7
Oil Temperature/ Oil Pressure (Left/ Right)
15-27 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7B8
15-27 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7B8
15-2 Reverse NOT READY lights 7A17
Torque Meters (Left/ Right)
15-10 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7A21
15-11 S/N's: 31T-7720008 and up 7A21
15-11 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 and up 7A21
15-142 Torque Meters (Weston Kulite) (Left/Right) 718
Voltmeter
15-5 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7A16
15-5 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A16
LANDING GEAR SYSTEMS
Landing Gear
15-122 PA-31T. S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7G15
15-123 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7G17
15-124 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7G19
15-123 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7G17
15-124 S/N's: 31T-8104001 to 8304003
and 31T-1104004 and up 7G19
LIGHTING SYSTEMS - EXTERNAL
Anti-Collision Beacon
15-50 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7920021 to 8020092 7C4
15-51 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C4
15-50 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7904006 to 8004057 7C4
15-51 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C4

PA-31T and PA-31TI (cont.)
LIGHTING SYSTEMS - EXTERNAL (cont.)

Anti-Collision - Strobe
15-47 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C2
15-47 PA-31TI: SN's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C2
Landing, Taxi. Wing Inspection
15-74 PA-31T: S/ N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7D4
15-75 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7D5
15-76 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7D6
15-75 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7D5
15-76 SN's: 31T-8104001 and up 7D6
Logo
15-48 PA-31T:. S/N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 7C3
15-51a S N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C5
15-48 PA-31T1: S N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 7C3
15-51a S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C5
Position Strobe
15-44 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7B23
15-45 S N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7B24
15-46 S N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C1
15-45 PA-31T1: S N's 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7B24
15-46 S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C1
Recognition
15-49 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 7C3
15-51a S N's. 31T-8120001 and up 7C5
15-49 PA-31T1: S N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 7C3
15-51a S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C5
LIGHTING SYSTEMS - INTERNAL

Baggage. Dome. Map, Ajar. Reading
15-53 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7400002 to 7520043 7C7
15-54 S;N's: 31T-7620001 to 7720007 7C8
Baggage. Dome. Ajar. Floor. Exit. Reading
15-55 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7720008 to 8020092 7C9
15-55 PA-31T1: S N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7C9
Baggage. Ajar. Aisle. Exit. and Time Delay
15-56 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C10
15-56 PA-31TI: S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C10
Dome. Map. Cabinet. Overhead. No Smoking. Seat Belts
15-57 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C11
15-57 PA-31TI: S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C11
Panel Lighting
15-135 PA-31T. S N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7H 19
15-136 S N's 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7H21
15-137 S N's: 31T-7820001 to 7820092 7H23
15-138 S N's: 31T-7920001 to 7920094 711
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Revised: 2/15/82
7All
PA-31T and PA-31T1 (cont.)
LIGHTING SYSTEMS - INTERNAL (cont.)

Panel Lighting (cont.)
15-139 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8020001 to 8020092 713
15-140 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 715
15-137 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 7804011 7H23
15-138 S/N's: 31T-7904001 to 7904057 711
15-139 S/N's: 31T-8004001 to 8004057 713
15-140 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 715
PROPELLER SYSTEMS
H.T.G. and Low Pitch Beta Lights (Left/Right)
15-125 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7G21
15-126 S/N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7G23
15-127 S/N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7H1
15-128 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7H3
15-127 PA-31TI: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 8004057 7HI
15-128 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7H3
Propeller and Gas Generators (Left Right)
(Earlier Models) 7A17
Propeller and Gas Generators (Left Right)
15-4 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7A18
15-4 PA-31T1: S N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7A18
Propeller Synchronization
15-68 PA-31T: S N's: 31T-7400002 to 7920035 7C22
15-69 S N's: 31T-79200036 to 8020092 7C23
15-70 S/N's: 31T-8120001 and up 7C24
15-68 PA-31TI: S N's: 31T-7804001 to 7904018 7C22
15-69 SN's: 31T-7904019 to 8004057 7C23
15-70 S/N's: 31T-8104001 and up 7C24
STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM

SAS
15-103 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7F1
15-104 S N's: 31T-7720008 to 7720069 7F3
15- 10 S N's: 31T-7820001 to 8020092 7F5
15-106 SN's: 31T-8120001 and up 7F7
Revised: 4/25/83 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

7A12

WARNING SYSTEMS ANNUNCIATOR PANEL (SEE ANNUNCIATOR)
Stall Warning
15-108 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7804001 to 7904057 7F13
15-109 (W/ Time Delay) S/ N's: 31T-8004001
to 8004057 7F13
15-110 S/N's: 31T-8104001 to 8104067
and 8104069 7F14
15-110a S/N's: 31T-8104068, 8104070 and up 7F14
Windshield Wipers
15-28 PA-31T: S/N's: 31T-7400002 to 7720007 7B9
15-29 S/N's: 31T-7720008 and up 7B9
15-29 PA-31T1: S/N's: 31T-7804001 and up 7B9
LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No
XV-I Electrical Wire Coding ............. .............................................. ............. 7A13

XV-II Electrical Symbols ................................................................................ 7A 14
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 7A13 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

TABLE XV-I. ELECTRICAL WIRE CODING
CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION
WIRE NUMBER
WIRE SEGMENT LETTER
WIRE GAUGE
HARNESS CONNECTOR
E 100 Series = Left Wing and

Nacelle.
E 200 Series = Right Wing and

Nacelle.
E 300 Series = From Fuselage

Station 81.00 Aft.
Q
SD E 400 Series = From Fuselage
WH Station 81.00 Forward.
WW
Added: 10/15/82
7A14
TABLE XV-II. ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
BATTERY KNIFE CONNECTORS BUS BAR
SWITCH PUSH PUSH-PULL

TYPE TYPE TYPE
ALTERNATOR BEACON
THERMAL SWITCH ELECTRICAL CLUTCH
SOLENOID PNUEMATIC PNUEMATIC TERMINAL BLOCK POTENTIO METER

SWITCH
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
OR
VACUUM - N C
ZENER
DE FUSE RESISTOR
NOISE
FILTER
PUSH-BUTTON
SWITCH SWITCH
CONDUCTORS
SHIELDED CONNECTOR
CONDUCTORS
*CONDUCTORS CROSSINGSAND JUNCTIONS OF CONDUCTORS SOLENOID

THE DOT AT THE INTERSECTION INDICATES A JOINING OF VALVE
CONDUCTORS
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 4/25/83 7A15
EL451
29715
SEE NOTE 3
SEE NOTE
NOTES
I SEE STARTER GENERATOR. LEFT
2 SEE STARTER GENERATOR RIGHT
3 SEE ANNUNCIATOR PANEL
4 SEE FLIGHT CLEARANCE SWITCH
ICE BUS
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
7A16
EL401
FWD IN PEDESTAL
NOT USED ON AIRCRAFT PA.31T

S/N 31T-7620001 AND UP
Figure 15-2. Reverse Not Ready Lights
Figure 15-3 Prop and Gas Generator. Right and Left. (Earlier Models)
Revised: 4/25/83
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7A17
CONN
Figure 154 Prop and Gas Generator: Right and Left.

PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up
EL452
29715
FOR WIRING
CONTINUATION
Figure 15-6. Hourmeter and O.A.T.,
NOTE
Figure 15-7. Hourmeter and O.A.T.,
7A19
EL453
29713
E402 BAT BUS 2
CONN
HOURMETER
E331
Figure 15-9 Cabin Instruments

PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
7A20
EL403
Figure 15-10. Torque Meters; Right and Left,

PA-31T S N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
USED ON PA-31T S/N 31T-7820001 AND UP AND

PA.31T1 S/N 31T-7804001 AND UP
Figure 15-11. Torque Meters; Right and Left

PA-31T S N 31T-7720008 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-7804001 and up

7A21
NOTES
1 THREE 1 6 OHM RESISTORS ARE LOCATED AFT OF
STA 81 00, RIGHT SIDE FORWARD OF INSTRUMENT
PANEL ON EARLY MODELS ONLY (24V CIGAR LIGHTER
DOES NOT REQUIRE RESISTORS)
2 H 3 IS REMOVED WITH RESISTORS
3 NON-ESSBUS IS 100 A
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
CIGAR
CIGAR
LIGHTER. CIGAR LIGHTER
I- OUTLET SW
P4K
RAZOR
OUTLET
Figure 15-14. Cigar Lighter, Heated Thermos and Razor Outlet.

PA-31T S N 31T-7720008 to -7720069
EL05
55103
RAZOR OUTLET
Figure 15-15. Cigar Lighter. Heated Thermos and Razor Outlet,

PA-3T S/ N 31T-7820001 to -8020092 and PA-31T1 S/N 3 T-7804001 to -8004057

7A23
31T-8104001 and up
E402
CONN
Figure 15-17. Heated Thermos. Razor Inverter and Flush Toilet.

Reissued:2/6/81 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

7A24
Figure 15-18. Cabin Pressure Control,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
Figure 15-19. Cabin Pressure Control.

PA-3 IT S N 31T-7720008 to -7720069

7B1
EL&40
55101
ESS BUS
CABIN
CABIN PRESSURE
CONTROL S AMP
BULKHEAD
SEE LANDING
GEAR
CABIN PRESSURE
TEST SWITCH
LH LOWER
INST PANEL
VACUUM
RELIEF
SOLENOID
UNDER LH
SIDE OF
SIDEOF E 313 CONN
PANEL
Figure 15-20. Cabin Pressure Control

PA-31T S/ N 31T-7820001 to 7820092 and PA-31TI S/N 31T-7804001 to 7804011
ESS BUS
CABIN PRESSURE
CONTROL 5 AMP
NOTE
Used nn PA-31T
S/N 31T-8020001
and up and PA-31T1
31T-8004001
and up
CABIN DOOR SOLENOID
CABIN,MAP AJAR
Figure 15-21. Cabin Pressure Control.

PA-31T S N 31T-7920001 to -8020069 and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-7904001 to -8004036

7B2
EL4SS
55101 UNPRESSURIZED
CABIN DIFFERENTIAL AIR SOURCE
PRESSURE SWITCH LIGHT
AFT PRESS.
BULKHEAD
CONN
E450
ESS BUS
CABIN DOOR SOLENOID
NOTES
1 SEE LANDING GEAR
2 SEE PANEL LIGHTS
NOTES
Figure 15-23. Cabin Pressure Control

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S N 31T-8104001 and up

7B4
EL408
50715
ANNUNCIATOR
PANEL
Figure 15-25. Oil Temperature; Right and Left.

PA-31T S/N 31T-7720029 to -7720069
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued:2/6/81
7B6
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7B7
Figure 15-27. Oil Temperature. Oil Pressure; Right and Left
PA-31T S, N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 9/23/ 81
7B8
NOTE
EL412
5070 NON ESS BUS
HEAT
HEAT
PA-31T S N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
NON ESS BUS
Figure 15-31. Pitot Heat; Right and Left.

PA-31T S N 31T-7720008 to -8020092 and PA-31TI S N 31T-7804001 to -8004057
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7B10
Figure 15-33. Fire Extinguishers.
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007

7B12
Figure 15-34 Fire Extinguishers.
PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069

7B13
Figure 15-35 Fire Extinguishers.

PA-31T S/N 31T-7820001 to -8020092 and PA-31TI S/N 31T-7804001 to -8004057

7B14
EL459
29713
E331
CONN
7B15
6
EL41
50715
E 120
CONN
UNIT
E 104
CONN
LEFT
IGNITION
ARM
SWITCH
(CONDITION
LEVER)
Figure 15-37. Ignition: Right and Left,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007

7B16
EL1 7
E 120
SEE NOTE
LEFT RIGHT
IGNITION
ARM ARM
SWITCH SWITCH
(MIXTURE (MIXTURE
CONTROL) CONTROL)
NOTE:USEDON PA-31TS/N 31T-7820001 ANDUPAND

PA-31T1S/N 31T1-7804001 AND UP
Figure 15-38. Ignition: Right and Left.

PA-31T S N 31T-7720008 to -8020092 and PA-31TI S N 31T-7804001 to -8004057

7B17
SEE NOTE I
NOTES
1 SEE STARTER GENERATORS
Figure 15-40. Ignition (Opt.): Right and Left.

PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 and up

7B19
ELA18
50708
GYRO BUS E 395 CONN LEFT ENGINE BUS
LEFT GYRO BUS TIE

10 AMP
RIGHT ENGINE BUS
E 395
CONN
E310
CONN
E366 CONN
E 341 CONN
LEFT
ATTITUDE
NOTE NOTE
E 366 CONN 367 CONN
NOTE
WIRING FOR THESE UNITS NOT
USED IF AUTOPILOT IS INSTALLED
REFER TO APPROPRIATE PIPER
SERVICE MANUAL INFORMATION
LOCATED IN SECTION XII BELOW
THE INDEX.
Figure 15-41 Attitude Gyro, Directional Gyro and Turn and Bank; Right and Left.
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007

7B20
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7B22
EL420
50707 ESS BUS
E 305 CONN POSITION LIGHTS
E 365 CONN
E 399 CONN
STROBE
POWER SUPPLY
E 234 CONN
E 132 CONN
ANTI-COLLISION 8
NAV LT (TAIL)
ONN
NAV LT (GREEN) STROBE

POWER
SUPPLY
NAV LT (RED)
ANTI-
COLLISION
LT
Figure 15-44. Position and Strobe Lights.

PA-31T S N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
7B23
ANTI -COLLISION
T. SW
NAV TAIL
LIGHT
EL464
29705
RIGHT MAIN BUS
ANTI-COLLISION
LIGHTS
LIGHTS
ANTI-COLLISION
SWITCH (STD)
E109
CONN
Figure 15-47. Anti-Collision Lights.

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Reissued: 2/6/81
7C2
EL422
EL483
29706C
LOGO LIGHTS SWITCH

E330 E402
LOGO LIGHTS
(OPT)
NOTE:
1 SEE POSITION AND STROBE LIGHTS
Figure 15-51a. Ground Recognition Beacon, Logo Lights PA-31T

S/N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up
EL423
29210
EENOTE1
SEENOTE 6
NOTES
1 TO AIRCRAFT MASTER SWITCH (GRD WHEN SWITCH IS "OFF" AND OPEN WHEN SWITCH IS "ON )
2 TO AUDIO AMP
3 TO COMM 1
4 TO AUDIO CIRCUIT BREAKER
5 TO COMM 1 CIRCUITBREAKER
6 FOR WIRING CONTINUATION SEE STARTER GENERATOR(RIGHT), MASTER CONNECTOR RELAY
Figure 15-52. Ground Clearance Switch

7C5
7C6
7C7
7C8
EL466
29705 BAGGAGE
E401
CONN
NOTE.
Figure 15-56 Baggage. Ajar. Aisle. Exit and Time Delay Lights.

7C10
ELM7
29706

WING FLAP MOTOR
IN3319
NOTES
1. A TO AUTOPILOT FLAP COMPUTER RELAY COIL
Figure 15-60. Wing Flap Motor and Control,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069

7C14
Figure 15-61 Wing Flap Motor and Control.

PA-31T S/N 31T-7820001 to 7820086 and PA-31T1 S/N 31T1-7804001 to 7804011

7C15
Figure 15-64. Oil Cooler Doors; Right and Left,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 7C18 InterimRevision:10/15/97

55101 RIGHT ENGINE BUS
Figure 15-65. Oil Cooler Doors; Right and Left,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 7C19 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

55101
EL432
50713
SS108
PIPERCHEYENNE
SERVICEMANUAL
EL433
PROP SYNC
Figure 15-69. Prop. Sync.

PA-31T S/N 31T-7920036 to -8020092 and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-7904019 to -8004057
Reissued:2/6/81 SYSTEM
ELECTRICAL
7C23
EL470
29712
Figure 15-70. Prop. Sync.

PA-31T S N 311-8120001 and up and PA-31T1 SN 31T-8104001 and up
Reissued: 2/6
7C24
NOTE For Wiring Continuation, See The Following

1 Fire Extinguishers
2 Cabin, Map and Door Ajar Lights
3 Cabin Pressure Control
4 Starter Generator; Left or Starter Generator Rignt
5 Oil Temperature; Right & Lett
Figure 15-71. Annunciator Panel.

PA-31T SN 31T-7400002 to -7720007
Figure 15-72. Annunciator Panel.
PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069

7D2
NOTE
EL471
Figure 15-77. Surface Deice.
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007

7D7
EL440
20
7
EL4 2
29707
RIGHT MAIN BUS
SURFACE
Figure 15-79. Surface Deice.

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7D9
Figure 15-80. Windshield Heat; Right and Left,
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007

7D10
Figure 15-83. Windshield Heat: Right and Left,
PA-31T S N 31T-8120001 and up and PA-31T1 S N 31T-8104001 and up

7D13
Figure 15-85. Fuel System: Right.

PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069

7D15
Figure 15-86. Fuel System: Right,
PA-31T S N 31T-7820001 to -8020092 and PA-31TI S, N 31T-7804001 to -8004057
7D16
7D18
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55105 ESS BUS
WIRE CODE F13C (SEE NOTE 1)
20 STALL
FIA 20 WARNING
HB B
H F11A
(20 5 AMP 3 AMP (SEE NOTE 1)
D D
E E 9 22 ESS BUS 12
ANGLE OF 1211 9
ATTACK E330 CONN
K SEE ANNUNCIATORPANEL
SEE COMPUTER 2 AMP
L L JUMPER SAS MOTOR 2 AMP
H H 10_ 22 SAS MONITOR 2 AMP

N N F9K 22
P P
G G G FIIJ 22
E227
F F FI CONN
A A
RR
S S
T T
W W
JJ J 18 20
V V
COMPUTER
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E E 22
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M
HH
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OF 22 F C
E320 CONN
ATTACK 22 F12C B B
VANE SAS MOTOR WITH
22 AFA2D
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22 FIZE E E
22 F1F D D
CONN
W/ORG)-2 2
I
LK 3BLK3I3 G'
3 SEE NOTE I
AGRA 44 F9F
F9F
L6 E441
CONN
NOTE: 1. UsedOn Later Models
Figure 15-105. Stability Augmentation System,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7820001 to -8020092
Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7F5 7F6
EL638
29727 L. MAIN BUS
STALL
WARNING5AMP
ANGLE OF ATTACK
COMPUTER3AMP
SAS MOTOR 2AMP
RIGHT GEAR
SAFETY SWITCH
(AIRCRAFT ON E330 CONN
GROUND)
R. MAIN BUS SEE NOTE 2
SAS MONITOR 2 AMP
1 3 Vs
TEST
A/A
STALL
WARING
E320 CONN
ATTACK
VANE
NOTES:
1. SEE ANNUNCIATOR PANEL
2. SEE PITOT HEAT: RIGHT AND LEFT
Figure 15-106. Stability Augmentation System,

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 and up
7F7 7F8
EL39 NOTES:
29709 1. SEE STARTERGENERATOR: RIGHT
2 SEE STARTERGENERATOR; LEFT E457 CONN E 360 CONN
CONN E456
SEE NOTE 19 3. SEE POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
AN1 242 22
4. SEE OIL COOLER DOORS: RIGHT AND LEFT
JP 24 R. START ENERGIZED EXTERNALPWR 22
SEE NOTE I 22
5. SEE IGNITION, RIGHT TRIM 16 7
14 L. START ENERGIZED
6. SEE IGNITION; LEFT SEE NOTE 2 J
16 TRIM NEGATIVE INPUT L START ENERGIZED 15- 40
7. SEE ICE PROTECTION:RIGHT 41
15 TRIM POSITIVE INPUT R. START ENERGIZED 14
8. SEE ICE PROTECTION:LEFT
L. ENG DEICE 12 H
9. SEE CABIN PRESSURE CONTROL
10. SEE H.T.G AND LOW PITCH BETA LIGHTS. 22 E4K4 13 R. ENG OIL DOOR R.ENGDEICE 173
RIGHT AND LEFT SEE NOTE 44 9L.ENG DOOR
OIL
9 L. ENG OIL DOOR UNPRESS AIR SOURCE 35
3
222
11. SEE WING FLAP MOTOR AND CONTROL 712 SAS INPUT L BETA 9
R. BETA 10 2
(CALCO)
12. SEE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS L. ENGOIL DOOR8 AN1 3
SEE NOTE 5 2 J7D 10 R. IGNITION
13. SEE OIL TEMPERATURE; RIGHT AND LEFT R. ENG OIL DOOR 25
14. SEE COURTESYLIGHTS SEE NOTE 6 68 L. IGNITION
15. SEE FUEL SYSTEM: LEFT SEE NOTE 7 7R. ENG DEICE 36
L. IGNITION 4 AN13
SEE NOTE 8 E6 L. ENG DEICE
F15D 5 UNPRESS AIR SOURCE
R. IGNITION3
SEE NOTE 9 3
E7K 4 R. BETA SPARE 2 AN15
3
F—E SPARE 1
SEENOTE 10 L BETA
SPARE
DISPLAY PWR 27AN
LIOM 9CABIN DOOR UNSAFE
DISPLAY PWR 26 SEE NOTE 11
NOTE
SEE 99
SEE NOTE 22 8 RI
8CABIN PRESSURE L ENG FUEL PRESS 3 —
8
R. ENG FUEL PRESS 36 AN 22
ENOTESI2. 26
E NOTES 12, 41 340 L.FIRE EXTNG INOP
R.FIRE NOSE BAGGAGE DOOR AJAR 3
L. ENG OIL TEMP CABIN DOOR UNSAFE 34 A25

SE22 E335
SEE NOTE13 R ENG OIL TEMP L FIRE EXTNG INOP 23 AN23 22
OTEl3 ESEE 18
R. FIRE EXTNGINOP 22 24
E38B 14 L. ENG FIRE
ANNUN PWR 21 25 22
E10F 36 L ENG FIRE TEST 1
37 L ENG FIRE TEST 2 L GEN INOP 1 A
(22)
E9F 2
R GEN INOP 20 AN27 22
SEE NOTE 12 15 R. ENG FIRE
SPARE 19 24
22 E1OL 3 R. ENG FIRE TEST I
CABIN PRESSURE 18 29
E9N3 39 R. ENG FIRE TEST 2
L. ENG OIL PRESS 16 AN 30 9
22 39A 16 L. ENG OIL PRESS
R. ENG OIL PRESS 17 AN1 22
SEE NOTE 13 E39E 1722R.
E39E 17OIL PRESS
ENG
INVERTER PWR 13 22 22 l8
22g E33L 2 OIL TEMP GND 3*
NOSE BAGGAGEDOORAJAR SPARE 12
SE NOTE 14 33 30
SPARE 3 4
SEENOTE15 E9K 48 L. ENGFUEL PRESSURE 31
R ENGFUEL PRESSURE SPARE 6
SEE NOTE16 E39P 11
L.ENGOIL TEMP 4 N6 22
R. ENG OIL TEMP 5 37 12
LEFT MAIN BUS
SEE NOTE 20 13 INVERTER POWER BATTERY OVERTEMP 2 AN
L. ENG FIRE 14 22
2238 +2 ESSENTIAL
VDC
ANNUNCIATOR R.ENG FIRE 15
15 6
4 SPARE
5A EE NOTE12
5 SPARE
SEE NOTE 2 8 1 L. GEN INOP
2 TE
18 3 R. GEN INOP TEST 28 A3229
BATTERY BUS SEE NOTE I 29
DIM COMMAND 25 A
SEE NOTE 3 22 I 7 BATTERY OVERTEMP
22
RESET. MASTER CAUTION 33
E26 47 ALTERNATE POWER HI
ANNUN ALTERNATE PWRANNUNALTERNATE PWR 22 2 L FIRE EXTNG OUTPUT 3
MASTER CAUTION 8+28VDC
E402 5 +28VDC R. FIRE EXTNG LO

CONN GND
0G 27 GND
SEE NOTE 17 GND

22 2 41 R FIRE EXTNG INOP
MASTER CAUTION SWITCH
40 L. FIRE EXTNG INOP MASTER CAUTION
22 E30H WARNINGHORN
CONN WARNING HORN RN
+
2 E35L 44 28 VDC L. FIRE EXTNG
SEE NOTE 12, 18 + 28 VDC R.FIRE EXTNG 22
CONN E45B
229
Figure 15-107. Annunciator Panel,

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 & up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 to -8104067 & -8104069

7F9 7F10 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
EL485
29709C
E4 CONN E360 CONN
SEENOTE19 CONNE456
NOTES: SEENOTEI R. STARTENERGIZED EXTERNAL PWR
. SEESTARTERGEN.,RIGHT SEENOTE2 L.START ENERGIZED TRIM
2. SEESTARTERGEN..LEFT 16 TRIM NEGATIVE INPUT L START ENERGIZED
3. SEEPOWERDISTRIB.SYSTEM TRIM POSITIVE INPUT R STARTENERGIZED

EXTERNAL POWER L.DE-ICE OFF
4. SEEOIL COOLERDOORS.RIGHTAND LEFT SEE NOTE 3
ENG OIL DOOR RDE-ICE OFF
5. SEEIGNITION.RIGHT SEE NOTE 4 UNPRESS AIR SOURCE
9 L ENGOIL DOOR
6. SEEIGNITION,LEFT 12 SAS INPUT
7. SEEICEPROTECTION, RIGHT R. BETA 10
8. SEEICEPROTECTION, LEFT SEE NOTE R. IGNITION L ENG OIL DOOR
9. SEECABINPRESSURE CONTROL SEENOTE6 L. IGNITION R. ENG OIL DOOR 25
10. SEEH.T.G.AND LOW PITCHBETALIGHTS. SEE NOTE 7 R. DE-ICE OFF SAS 7
RIGHTAND LEFT SEENOTE8 LDE-ICE OFF L. IGNITION 4
R. IGNITION 3
11. SEEWING FLAPMOTORAND CONTROL SEENOTE9 UNPRESS AIR SOURCE
R. BETA L.DE-ICE DOOR 2 43
(CALCO) SEE NOTE 10 R.DE-ICEDOOR -
L BETA
SEENOTE R. DE-ICE DOOR DISPLAY PWR 6
SEE NOTE 8 L.DE-ICE DOOR DISPLAY PWR
SPARE
CABIN DOORUNSAFE DISPLAY PWR 27
DISPLAY PWR 26 SEE NOTE
L. ENG FUEL PRESS 37 7
CABIN PRESSURE
LFIRE EXTNG INOP R. ENG FUEL PRESS 36
R.FIRE EXTNG INOP NOSE BAGGAGE DOOR AJAR 35
L. ENG OIL TEMP CABIN DOOR UNSAFE
R.ENG OIL TEMP L. FIRE EXTNG INOP
L. ENG FIRE R. FIRE EXTNG INOP _ 16
L. ENG FIRE TEST I ANNUN PWR 21
L. ENG FIRE TEST 2 L. GEN INOP
R. ENG FIRE R. GEN INOP 20
R. ENG FIRE TEST I SPARE
R. ENG FIRE TEST 2 CABIN PRESSURE
L. ENG OIL PRESS L. ENG OIL PRESS
R. ENG OIL PRESS R. ENG OIL PRESS 17
OIL TEMP GND INVERTER PWR 13
NOSE BAGGAGE DOOR AJAR SPARE 12
L. ENG FUEL PRESSURE SPARE
R. ENG FUEL PRESSURE
SPARE
L.ENGOIL TEMP
LEFT MAIN BUS R.ENGOIL TEMP
INVERTER POWER BATTERY OVERTEMP 2
+28 VDC ESSENTIAL L ENG FIRE
ANNUNCIATOR
SPARE R. ENG FIRE
5A
SPARE SEENOTE12
L. GEN INOP
BATTERY BUS R. GEN INOP TEST TEST
BATTERY OVERTEMP DIM COMMAND 25
ALTERNATE POWER RESET, MASTERCAUTION 33
ANNUN ALTERNATE PWR
+28 VDC L. FIRE EXTNG MASTER CAUTION OUTPUT
+28 VDC R FIRE EXTNG LO
12. SEEFIREEXTINGUISHERS CONN GND
RIGHTAND LEFT
13. SEEOIL TEMPERATURE, GND
14. SEE COURTESY LIGHTS SEENOTE 17 GND
15. SEEFUELSYSTEM,LEFT R. FIRE EXTNG INOP
MASTER CAUTION SWITCH
16. SEEFUELSYSTEM,RIGHT L. FIRE EXTNG INOP
CONN WARNING HORN
17. WIRINGWHEN FIREEXTINGUISHERSARE NOT INSTALLED
E 320
18. WIRINGWHEN FIREEXTINGUISHERSARE INSTALLED
19. INSTALLEDWHENOPT.CARGODOORIS ADDED J
20. SEE AVIONICS WIRING DRAWINGS CONN E458
DELIVERED WITH YOUR AIRCRAFT
Figure 15-107a. Annunciator Panel,

PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104068 and 31T-8104070 & up
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 7F11 7F12 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Figure 15-108.Stall Warning,
PA-31T1 S/N 311-7804001 to 7904057
Figure 15-109. Stall Warning (With Time Delay),

PA-31TI SN 31T-8004001 to -8004057

7F13
ELECTRIAL SYSTEM
7F15
Figure 15-112. Digital Clocks,
SEE NOTE
NOTE
1 SEE PANEL LIGHTS
Figure 15-113. Cabin Chimes (Seat Belt, No Smoking),

PA-31T S N 31T-8020067 and up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8004034 and up

7F16
MOTOR CONTROL
RELAY
I 0
Figure 15-114.Ice Protection; Left,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
Revised: 4/25/83 7F17 ELECTRICALSYSTEM

7F
17 7F18
EL516
55110
TO RIGHT
ICE- DEFLECTOR
DOWN INDICATOR
MOTOR CONTROL POWER CONTROL
RELAY RELAY
E 331
CONN
TO GROUND
TEST SWITCH
(SEE RIGHT ICE
PROTECTION SCHEMATIC

PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069

.
7F19 7F20
EL517
55110
MOTOR CONTROL POWER CONTROL

RELAY
3
I
E 331
CONN
TO GROUND
IN4006 TEST SWITCH
(SEE RIGHT ICE 7
PROTECTION SCHEMATIC)
E462 CONN
SWITCH
LEFT ICE- DEFLECTOR

SELECTOR
PROP
DE-ICE 20 AMP
AIR INTAKE
DE- ICE I5 AMP
LEFT
TO RIGHT ENGINE BUS
DE -ICE SHUNT -
LEFT

Reissued: 2/6/81 7F21 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

MOTOR CONTROL
RELAY
Figure 15-117. Ice Protection: Left, PA-31T S N

31T-8120001 and up and PA-31TI S/N 31T-8104001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 4/25/83
7F23 7F24
Figure 15-117a. Ice Protection - Left,
PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8304001 to -8304003 and S/N 31T-1104004 & up
7G1 7G2
7G3
7G4
Figure 15-118. Ice Protection; Right,
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007

7G5 7G6
55110
TO LIFT ICE DEFLECTOR

DOWN INDICATOR
DOWN INDICATOR POWER CONTROL MOTOR CONTROL

RELAY RELAY
I
RIGHT ICE E 331

DEFLECTOR SELECTOR CONN
SWITCH
DEFLECTOR
UP LIMIT SWITCH
RIGHT ENGINE BUS
ICE
DEFLECTION
CONTROL
10 AMP
AIR INTAKE
TO ICE
PROTECTION
LEFT
DE- ICE
AMMETER
E 405
CONN
RIGHT
SAFETY SWITCH
GROUND (SEE LANDING
TEST GEAR WIRING
SWITCH DIAGRAM)
TO HOURMETER
TO LEFT ICE
DEFLECTOR
SWITCH
Figure 15-119. Ice Protection - Right,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069
7G7 7G8 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Reissued: 2/6/81
EL520
56110
POWER CONTROL MOTOR CONTROL

RELAY
RELAY
E 331
CONN
IN4006
E462 CONN.
RIGHT ENGINE BUS
ICE
PROP
DE - ICE
20 AMP
SWITCH
NOTE: Used on Later '78 Models and up
Figure 15-120. Ice Protection; Right,

Reissued: 2/6/81
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
7G9 7G10
POWER CONTROL MOTOR CONTROL

RELAY RELAY
29714
E462 CONN
Figure 15-121. Ice Protection - Right,

PA-31T S/N 31T-8120001 & up and PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8104001 & up

Revised: 4/25/83
Figure 15-121a. Ice Protection - Right,
PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8304001 to -8304003 and S/N 31T-1104004 & up
7G13 7G14
Added: 10/15/97 ELECTRICALSYSTEM
EL521
60709
LH SIDE OF
PED. TERMINAL RIGHT LANDING GEAR SWITCHES
NOTE:
BLOCK
I.REVERSE NOT READY LIGHT NOT USED
GEAR DOOR SWITCH ON AIRCRAFT SERIAL NOS. 31T-7620001
AND UP.
2.ON LATER MODELS SOLENOID IS NOT INSTALLED.
WIRE G25 IS CONNECTED TO E320 PIN 4. G4Y a
G4X ARE REMOVED.
E211
TO REVERSE NOT READY
ESS BUS
E309
CONN
E416
CONN
TO LANDING LIGHT SOLENOIDS

(SEE AIRCRAFT LIGHTING WIREING
DIAGRAM)
TO ICE DETECTOR
SELECTOR SWITCH
WIRING DIAGRAM)
HYDRAULIC POWER PAC

CIRCUIT OPEN - DOORS OPEN
LEFT GEAR SAFETY SWITCH
CIRCUIT CLOSED - DOORS CLOSED
LEFT LANDING GEAR SWITCH
Figure 15-122.Landing Gear,

PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
Reissued: 2/6/81 7G15 ELECTRICALSYSTEM

7G
15 7G16
EL522
55106
LH SIDE OF
PED. TERMINAL RIGHT LANDING GEAR SWITCHES
BLOCK
GEAR DOOR SWITCH
UP
TO LANDING LIGHT SOLENOIDS

(SEE AIRCRAFT LIGHTING WIREING
DIAGRAM)
Figure 15-123. Landing Gear,


7G17 7G18
L H SIDE OF
29710 PED. TERMINAL
BLOCK
EL523 NOTES 3 LOW PITCH BLADE ANGLE SENSOR SWITCHES SHOWN

50713 1 ELECTRICALHARNESS CONNECTOR NUMBERS
RIGHT OPEN, NOT IN BETA.
BETA RANGE LIGHTS E 100 SERIES: LEFT WING AND NACELLE 4 THROTTLE CAM SWITCHES SHOWN CLOSED, NOT IN BETA.
E 200 SERIES: RIGHT WING AND NACELLE
E 300 SERIES: FROM FUSELAGE STA. 81.00 AFT
E 400 SERIES: ON FUSELAGE STA. 81.00 AND FORWARD
2. GROUND TESTINGTHE LOCK PITCHTEST SWITCH BYPASSES
THE THROTTLECAM SWITCH (WHICH OPENS, IN BETA), EN-
ERGIZING (+DC TO) THE LOCK PITCH SOLENOID, TO DUMP
THE MAXIMUM PROPOIL PRESSUREDEVELOPEDFORBETA/
REVERSE. .. THIS ALLOWS SPRINGS TO START THE PROP
BACKTOWARD FEATHER,ALLOWING THE BRASS FEEDBACK
RING TO MOVE AFT AND PRESS IN THE PLUNGER OF THE
LOW PITCH BLADE ANGLE SENSOR SWITCH, REMOVING
GROUND FROM THE LOCK PITCH SOLENOID AND THE BETA
LIGHT.
LEFT LOWPITCH
NOSE LANDING
GEAR SAFETY
SWITCH
BLADE ANGLE
SENSOR SWITCH
E 454
LOCK PITCH CONN.
SOLENOID
E 122CONN.
7G22
LEFT RIGHT
BETA RANGE LIGHTS NOTES-
1. ELECTRICAL HARNESS CONNECTOR NUMBERS
E 100 SERIES LEFT WING AND NACELLE
E 200 SERIES RIGHT WING AND NACELLE
E 300 SERIES FROM FUSELAGE STA. 81.00 AFT
E 400 SERIES ON FUSELAGE STA. 8100 AND FORWARD
H.T.G. RESET AND LOCK

PITCH TEST SWITCHES
RIGHT
LEFT LOW PITCH

BETA LIGHT
AMP
RIGHT H.T.G.RESET
RIGHT LOW PITCH NOSE LANDING

GEAR SAFETY
BETA LIGHT SWITCH
3 AMP
E 112CONN.
Figure 15-126. H.T.G. and Low Pitch Beta Lights - Right and Left,
PA-31T S/N 31T-7720008 to -7720069
Reissued: 2/6/81
EL525 NOTES
55108 I. ELECTRICAL HARNESS CONNECTORNUMBERS.
E 100 SERIES' LEFT WING & NACELLE
E200 SERIES' RIGHT WING & NACELLE
E300 SERIES' FROM FUSELAGE STA. B100 AFT.
E 400 SERIES' ON FUSELAGESTA. 81.00 & FORWARD
2. REFER TO S.A.S WIRING DIAGRAM FOR CONTINUATION
OF WIRING.
BETA RANGE LIGHTS
HYDRAULIC GOV.
RESET SOLENOID
BLADE ANGLE SENSOR SW. BLADE ANGLE SENSORSW.

7H1 7H2
29712
ELECTRICAL HARNESS CONNECTORNUMBERS.

E 100 SERIES LEFT WING a NACELLE
E 200 SERIES, RIGHT WING a NACELLE
E 00 SERIES, FROM FUSELAGE STA.8100 AFT.
E 400 SERIES' ON FUSELAGE STA. 81.00 S FORWARD
Figure 15-129. Cabin Temperature Control,
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 7116 ELECTRICALSYSTEM

InterimRevision:10/15/97 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

ORANGE ON REPLACEMENT MOTORS PRODUCED 1992 & UP

CABINCOMFORT
CONTROLLER
(INTERNAL)
NOTE: DEHUMIDIFIER
CONDENSER
THIS UNIT IS NOT LEVEL BLOWER MOTOR
REPAIRABLE. SET
CABIN COMFORT
HEAT A/C O
RECIRCULATING
FAN
HEAT COOL E 223 CONN.
AIR BWR
CONDENSER
BLOWER
AIR BLOWER MOTOR
HEATER
SOLENOID
FUEL SW
HEATER
COMBUSTION
AIR BLOWER
SEE NOTE
HEATER HOUR METER

FUEL
CYCLE SW E4 8 CONN
NOTES:
1. Phase II Heater wiring for PA-31T. and PA-31T1 S/N 31T1-7904008 and up
2. Phase IIIHeater wiring for PA.31TS/N 31T-7520039. 7720067. 7920042 and up
and PA-31T1S/N 31T-7904016 andup

Interim Revision: 10/15/97 7H11 7H12 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Figure 15-134. Cabin Comfort,
7H15 7H16 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

SEE NOTE
(2)
CONDENSER
PA-31T S/N 31T-7400002 to -7720007
Reissued: 2/6/81 7H19

EL532
LIGHTS
LEFT RIGHT
AMMETER VOLTMETER AMMETER
EL533
55100
LIGHTS
LFFT RIGHT CONN
Figure 15-138. Panel Lights,
7I2
UPPER EL-LEFT C/P
LOWER EL- LEFT C/P
CABIN
ALT ACC. EL- LEFT C/P
PRESS
FLAP
INDICATOR OXYGEN
LIGHT LIGHT
ALTITUDE
CONTROLLER
(GARRET PRESSURIZATION)
PANEL LIGHTS SEE NOTE I
NOTES.
1. NOT USED ON PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8004037 AND UP
2. USED ON PA-31T1 S/N 31T-8004037 AND UP
Figure 15-139. Panel Lights,

713 714
EL545
Figure 15-141. Auxiliary Heat (Optional)

717
EL 480
29813
E104
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Revised: 2/15/82
718
PA-31T1S/N 31T-1104008& up
Added: 10/15/97 719 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
PAGES 7110 THRU 7L24 INTENTIONALLY BLANK
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 7110 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

AIRPLANE
SERVICEMANUAL
CARD8 OF8
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
PA-31T
CHEYENNE
II
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
I
PA-31T1
CHEYENNE
IA
PA-31T2
CHEYENNE
II XL
PIPERAIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
JULY2,1984
PARTNUMBER
753826 8A1 INTERIM
REVISION:
OCTOBER
15,1997

PA-31T, CHEYENNE
PA-31T, CHEYENNE II
PA-31TI, CHEYENNE I
a A complete Section Index for all fiche in this set.
a A complete Section Index for all fiche in this set.
3 A complete Table of Contents showing paragraph titles and appropriate grid location numbers is

CR810206 February 6, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR810923 September 23, 1981 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR820215 February 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR821015 October 15, 1982 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR830425 April 25, 1983 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840105 January 5, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840323 March 23, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
PR840702 July 2, 1984 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
1R860220 February 20, 1986 3
1R860430 April 30, 1986 3
1R860821 August 21, 1986 1
1R871009 June 15, 1988 2
1R900313 March 13, 1990 1
1R941019 October 19, 1994 1 and 2
IR950320 March 20, 1995 1
1R971015 * October 15, 1997 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8

card set (Cards I - 8) dated 10/15/97.
manual.
InterimRevision: 10/15/97 8A3

SECTION INDEX
I INTRODUCTION 1A19
III INSPECTION 1D23
IV STRUCTURES 1E13
AEROFICHECARD NO. 2
VIII POWER PLANT ( PA-31TAND PA-31T1) 2111
AEROFICHECARD NO. 3
VIIIA POWER PLANT ( PA-31T2) 3A8
IX FUEL SYSTEM 3D7
X INSTRUMENTS 3F2
AEROFICHECARD NO. 4
AEROFICHECARD NO. 5
XII ELECTRONICS 5A9
(PA-31T AND PA-31T1) 5B1
AEROFICHECARD NO. 6
XIIIA ENVIRONMENTALCONTROL SYSTEM (PA-31T2) 6A8
XIV ACCESSORIES AND UTILITIES 6C1
AEROFICHECARD NO. 7
AEROFICHECARD NO. 8

INDEX - ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC

PA-31T2
ANNUNCIATOR
Annunciator Panel
15A-1 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166072;
31T-8166034 to 31T-8166061 8A11
15A-la S/N's: 31T-8166033; 31T-8166062 to
31T-8166076, and, 31T-1166001
and up 8A13
COMFORT SYSTEMS
Cigar Lighter and Flush Toilet (Optional)
15A-9 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166076 8A23
15A-9a S/N's: 31T-1166001 and up 8A23
15A-18 Heated Thermos (Front/Rear) 8B 13
15A-35 Razor/Inverter (Optional) 8C 12
DEICE SYSTEMS
15A-21 Air Intake, Ice Deflection, Power Control,
Propeller (Left) 8B 16
15A-22 Air Intake, Ice Deflection, Power Control,
Propeller (Right) 8B18
15A- 15 Fuel Heat Continuous (Left) 8B8
15A- 16 Fuel Heat Continuous (Right) 8B10
15A-30 Pitot Heat 8C8
15A-37 Stall Warning Vane 8C2
15A-42 Surface (Electropneumatic) 8C18
15A-45 Windshield Heat (Left/Right) 8C20
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
15A-32 Bus Power Distribution 8C9
Starter/Generator- Left
15A-38 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166076 8C14
15A-39 S/N's: 31T-1166001 andup 8C16
Starter/Generator- Right
15A-40 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166076 8C13
15A-41 S/N's: 31T-1166001 andup 8C17
15A-48 Electroluminescent Panel/Inverter 8C23
ENGINE SYSTEMS
Bleed Air Control
15A-3 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166076 8A16
15A-3a S/N's: 31T-1166001 and up 8A17
Fire Extinguishers
15A-13 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 8166061 8B9
15A-14 S/N's 31T-8166062 to 31T-8166076 8B6
15A-14a S/N's 31T-1166001 and up 8B7
15A-23 Ignition (Left/ Right) 8B20
INDEX - ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC (cont.)

PA-31T2
ENGINESYSTEMS(cont.)
Ignition, Auto (Left/Right) Optional
15A-24 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166076 8B2
15A-24a S/N's: 31T-1166001 and up 8B22
15A-28 Oil Cooler Doors (Left/Right) 8C6
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
15A-4 Cabin Temperature Controller 8A19
15A- 10 Cabin Pressure Controller 8A24
15A-12 Environmental Control System (E.C.S.) and By-Pass 8B3
15A-36 Recirculating Fan 8C12
FLAP SYSTEMS
15A-47 Wing Flap (Calco) 8C22
FUEL SYSTEMS
15A- 15 Auxiliary and Main Pumps, Fuel Flow, Press. Temp.
Quantity, Totalizer (Left) 8B8
15A-16 Auxiliary and Main Pumps, Fuel Flow, Press., Temp.,
Quantity, Totalizer (Right) 8B10
INDICATORS
15A- 17 Attitude Horizon, Directional Gyro, Turn and Bank
(Left/Right) 8B12
15A-27 Clock (Optional) 8B18
15A- 19 Hourmeter/Outside Air Temp. 8B 13
15A-29 Oil Temp.. Oil Press. (Left/Right) 8C7
15A-33 Prop and Gas Generator Tach (Left/Right) 8C10
Torquemeter (Left/ Right)
15A-43 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 8166061 8C19
15A-44 S/N's: 31T-8166062 and up 8C19
15A-48 Voltmeter 8C11
LANDING GEAR
Landing Gear Control and Warning
15A-25 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31-8166076 8B23
15A-25a S/N's: 31T-1166001 and up 8C1
LIGHTING - EXTERNAL
15A-2 Anti-Collision Strobe 8A15
Landing, Tax, and Wing Inspection Lighting
15A-26 Early Models 8C3
15A-27 Later Models 8C4
15A-27a S/N's: 31T-1166001 andup 8C5
15A-31 Position 8C8
INDEX - ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC (cont.)

PA-31T2
LIGHTING - INTERNAL
15A- 11 Ajar Aisle, Exit, with Time Delay 8B1
15A-8 Baggage, Dome Map, Overhead, Cabinets 8A22
Panel Lights
15A-48 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 8166076 8C23
15A-48a S/N's: 31T-1166001 and up 8DI
PROPELLER
15A-40 Autofeather 8D3
15A-20 H.T.G. and Low Pitch Beta Lights (Left/Right) 8B 14
15A-33 Prop and Gas Generator Tach (Left/Right) 8C10
15A-34 Prop Sync 8C11
WARNING SYSTEMS
Annunciator Panel
15A-1 S/N's: 31T-8166001 to 31T-8166032;
31T-8166034 to 31T-8166061 8A11
15A-1a S/N's: 31T-8166033; 31T-8166062 to
31T-8166076, and, 31T-11660021 and up 8A13
15A-5 Chimes 8A20
15A-6 Chimes, Seat Belts, No Smoking (Optional) 8A20
WINDSHIELD SYSTEMS
15A-45 Windshield Heat 8C20
15A-46 Windshield Wiper 8C21
LIST OF TABLES
Aerofiche
Table Grid No
XVA-I Electrical Wire Coding .......................................................................... 8A8

XVA-II. Electrical Symbols .................................. .............................................. 8A 9
Interim Revision: 10/15/97 8A7 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

HARNESSCONNECTOR
CIRCUIT HARNESS CONNECTOR

IDENTIFICATION CIRCUITS NUMBERS & LOCATIONS
E ENGINE INSTRUMENT E 100 Series = Left Wing and
F FLIGHT INSTRUMENT Nacelle.
G LANDING GEAR
H HEATER, VENTILATING
J IGNITION SYSTEM E 200 Series = Right Wing and
L LIGHTING SYSTEM Nacelle.
ML ELECTRICAL GAUGES
P PRIMARY POWER
PD PROPELLER DEICER E 300 Series = From Fuselage
PF ALTERNATORFIELD Station 81.00 Aft.
PR PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM
Q FUEL AND OIL
SD SURFACE DEICER E 400 Series = From Fuselage
WH WINDSHIELD HEAT Station 81.00 Forward.
WW WINDSHIELD WIPER
Added: 10/15/82 8A8 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

BUS BAR
SOLENOID
8A10
RIGHT
Figure 15A-2. Anti-Collision Light

8A15
EL405
29806
Figure 15A-3a Bleed Air Control. PA-31T2 S/N 31T-1166001 and up
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
8A17
THIS PAGE
8A18
Figure 15A-4 Cabin Temperature Control
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
8A19
E332
CONN.
Figure 15A-7 Cabin Instruments (O.A.T Airspeed and Altitude)

8A21
NOTE
1 SEE CHIMES
Figure 15A-9 Cigar Lighter: Flush Toilet (Opt)

PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166001 to 8166076
EL40AN
Figure 15A-9a Cigar Lighter (28v): Flush Toilet (Opt)

PA-31T2 S N 31T-1166001 and up
Revised: 3/23/84
8A23
8A23 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Figure 15A-11. Ajar. Aisle. Exit With Time Delay

8B1
8B2
EL40AH
RT MAIN BUS
29808
ECS OVERTEMP E350

SWITCH
BY-PASS
VALVE
2AF3
SEE
NOTE
PRESS. REGULATING SELECTOR

SHUTOFF VALVE
FT MAIN BUS
NOTES.
2. SEE STARTERGENERATOR
E331
CONN
Figure 15A-14. Fire Extinguisher.
PA-31T2 S/N 31T-8166062 to 31T-8166076

8B6
I
4
EL 0-AL E401
BATTERY BUS I
CONN
E
CONN
Figure 15A-14a Fire Extinguisher PA-31T2 S N 31T-1166001 and up

8B7
8B7A
8B11A
Figure 15A-18 Heated Thermos (Opt)
EL40AT
Figure 15A-19 Hour Meter and O.A.T
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
8B13A
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LEFT ICE PROTECTION
CONTROL RELAY CONTROL RELAY SELECTOR SWITCH 3. SEE ENGINE INSTRUMENTS
GROUNDTEST SWITCH
I N4006
LEFT ICE BUS
ICE DEFLECTION
POWER
CONTROL
PROP
DE-ICER
BRAKE
DEFLECTOR SOLENOID
UP LIMIT SWITCH
AMMETER
Figure 15A-21. Ice Protection (Left)
Revised: 4/25/83
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
8B16 8B17
6T88 8188
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8B20
Figure 15A-24 Ignition. Auto - Left and Right (Opt)

8B21
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Figure 15A-26 Landing, Taxi and Wing Inspection Lights (Early Models)

8C3
Figure 15A-27 Landing. Taxi and Wing Inspection Lights (Later Models)

8C4
EL40AR
01693B
R MAIN BUS
LT
Figure 15A-27a Landing Taxi. and Wing Inspection Lights
I
8C5
29806
NOTE:
PANEL
1. SEEANNUNCIATOR
Figure 15A-28. Oil Cooler Doors (Left and Right)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 8C6 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

I
I CONN
Figure 15A-29 Oil Temperature. Oil Pressure (Left and Right)
Revised:4/25/83 8C7 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

8C8
EL40A
29815
02224
SEE NCTE 2
S/N'S UP TO
SEE NOTE
200/A
SEE NOTE
NOTES
1 SEE STARTER GENERATOR, LEFT
2. SEE STARTER GENERATOR, RIGHT
4 SEE FUGHT CLEARANCE SWITCH
5 EC S CONTROL
Figure 15A-32 Power Distribution and Bus

8C9
EL 452
E E104
CONN
CONN
Figure 15A-33 Prop and Gas Generator Tach. (Left and Right)
ReVised:3/23/84 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

8C10
EL40N
Figure 15A-35. Razor Inverters (Opt)
RECIRC FAN SW NON-ESS BUS

7.5 A
RECIRC
LEFT RECIRC
DOOR SOLENOID
RIGHT RECIRC
Figure 15A-36 Recirculation Fan

8C12
NOTE
1. SEE PITOT HEAT
Figure 15A-37 Stall Warning. With Time Delay

8C13
Figure 15A-39. Starter-Generator Left

PA-31T2 S/N 31T-1166001 and up
SEE NOTE I
SEE NOTE 2
SEE NOTE I
Figure 15A-42. Surface Deice

8C18

8C19
Figure 15A-45. Windshield Heat (Left and Right)
Revised:3/23/84 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

8C20
ESS Bus
WINDSHIELD WIPER
10 AMP
Figure 15A-46. Windshield Wiper
Revised: 3/23/84 8C21 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

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Added: 3/23/84 8D1 8D2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

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GRIDS 8D5 THRU 8L24

8D5

Cheyenne Airplane Service Manual

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AIRPLANE

AEROFICHE EXPLANATION AND REVISION STATUS (cont)

* INTERIM REVISION TO SERVICE MANUAL 753-826

Interim Revision: 10/15/97 1A3

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

1A6 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

Revised: 1/5/84 1A8

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

8-1 la. Fuel Nozzle Adapter Inspection ................. ............................................ 2K24

9-16. Alternate Indicator Bench Test Hookup ............................................................ 3E20

1A10 Interim Revision: 10/15/97

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

11-31. Component Location, Relay Shelf and Electrical Accessory Shelf

Electrical Schematic for PA-31T and PA-31TI .......... 7A5

12-1. Battery Connections; Two Year- Magnesium ................................. 5A12

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

13-22. Test Setup - Combustion Air Pressure Switch ................................. 5D7

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont.)

13-62. Controller Adjustment ............................ ......... ........................... G21

Revised: 7/2/84 1A13

14-24. Pneumatic Deicer System Installation .................. ............... .............. 6E6

Revised: 7/2/84 1A15

LIST OF TABLES (cont.)

X-I. Pitot-Static System ...................................................... 3F20

Revised: 7/2/844 1A16

LIST OF TABLES (cont.)

2-1. Lubrication Chart (Landing Gears) ....................................... IC15

Revised: 1/5/84 lA20 INTRODUCTION

Revised: 1/5/84 INTRODUCTION

2-1. Introduction .............................................................. IA24

Revised: 1/5/84 1A22

2-39. Tires ..................................................................... 1C6

HANDLING AND SERVICING

Before removing any access plates or panels in the pressurized

Reissued: 2/6/81 1A24 HANDLING AND SERVICING

*WITHOUT TIP TANKS

Figure 2-1. Three View of the Piper Cheyenne

Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLINGAND SERVICING

STATIC GROUND LINE

Figure 2-2. Three View of the Piper Cheyenne (PA-31T2)

Reissued:2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

Figure 2-3. Station Reference Lines (cont.)

Added: 10/15/82 HANDLING AND SERVICING

Figure 2-3. Station Reference Lines (cont.)

Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

475 PA-31T & PA-31T1

1. GENERATOR SUPPLY CABLE, RIGHT 9. CONTROL CABLES

PA-31T & PA-31T1

1. AUXIUARY POWER RECEPTACLE

Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

PA-31T & PA-31T1

15. EMERGENCY EXITWINDOW 31. AIR CONDITIONEREVAPORATOR COVER DRAIN

Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1. GENERATORSUPPLYCABLERIGHT 8. CABINPRESSURE LINESAND BLEEDAIR

Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

Figure 2-5. Access Plates and Panels, FuselageInterior, Fuselageand Empennage(PA-31T2)(cont.)

Reissued: 2/6/81 HANDLING AND SERVICING

1. INSPECTION, VENT LINE 17. FLAP LIMIT SWITCHES