The document discusses patterns in Latin noun declensions. It notes that all accusative singular endings end in "m" and accusative plural endings end in "s", except for neuter nouns. All genitive plurals end in "um". The "-is" ending indicates dative or ablative case in the first two declensions but only genitive case in the third declension. Dative and ablative plural endings in all three declensions include "i". The document then provides a dictionary entry example to identify nouns by declension, gender, and definition.
The document discusses patterns in Latin noun declensions. It notes that all accusative singular endings end in "m" and accusative plural endings end in "s", except for neuter nouns. All genitive plurals end in "um". The "-is" ending indicates dative or ablative case in the first two declensions but only genitive case in the third declension. Dative and ablative plural endings in all three declensions include "i". The document then provides a dictionary entry example to identify nouns by declension, gender, and definition.
The document discusses patterns in Latin noun declensions. It notes that all accusative singular endings end in "m" and accusative plural endings end in "s", except for neuter nouns. All genitive plurals end in "um". The "-is" ending indicates dative or ablative case in the first two declensions but only genitive case in the third declension. Dative and ablative plural endings in all three declensions include "i". The document then provides a dictionary entry example to identify nouns by declension, gender, and definition.
The document discusses patterns in Latin noun declensions. It notes that all accusative singular endings end in "m" and accusative plural endings end in "s", except for neuter nouns. All genitive plurals end in "um". The "-is" ending indicates dative or ablative case in the first two declensions but only genitive case in the third declension. Dative and ablative plural endings in all three declensions include "i". The document then provides a dictionary entry example to identify nouns by declension, gender, and definition.
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01.
09 Third Declension Production:
It is important for you to recognize the patterns in the cases among the three declensions.
1. What similarity do all the accusative singulars of all three declensions share?
All accusative singular endings in declensions 1-3 end with a “m”.
2. What similarity do all the accusative plurals of all three declensions share?
All accusative plural endings in declensions 1-3 end with an “s” except for the neuters.
3. What similarity do all the genitive plurals of all three declensions share?
All genitive plural endings in declensions 1-3 end with “um”.
4. What cases does -is indicate in first and second declension? In third declension? How will you tell the difference?
“-is” indicates cases Dative and Ablative in the first and second declension. Dative is usually followed by showing, telling, or giving, whereas ablative is preceded by means or by agent.
5. What similarity do you notice about the dative and ablative plural in all three declensions?
They’re all the same and include i’s in their endings.
Now, let's apply what we have reviewed.
6. A noun whose genitive ends in -ae is in first declension, and the genitive singular of all second declension nouns ends in “i”.
7. The genitive singular ending of third declension nouns is “is”.
8. The dictionary entry for a noun begins with the nominative singular case.
9. The next listing in the dictionary entry is the genitive singular case.
10. Next in the dictionary entry is the gender, and finally is the English definition.
Part II: Use this dictionary section to answer the questions that follow.
First Second Third
laboro, laborare, laboravi, latus, lata, latum, wide labor, laboris, m. work, hardship laboratus, work laudo, laudare, laudavi , laudatus, liber, libri, m. book praise lego, legere, legi, lectus, choose, gather, read
lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus, wash, liberi, liberorum, m. (pl) children lex, legis, f. law bathe
libero, liberare, liberavi , libertas, libertatis, f. freedom,
liberatus, free locus, loci, m. place (neuter in liberty the plural)
lingua, linguae, f. tongue, lux, lucis, f. light
language ludus, ludi, m. game, school
littera, litterae, f. (s) letter of the
alphabet, (pl) letter you write, letters longus, longa, longum, long liber, libera, liberum, free
1. Which noun/nouns in the list above belong to the first declension?
2. Which noun/nouns in the list above belong to the second declension?
3. Which noun/nouns in the list above belong to third declension?
4. Give the stem for the third declension nouns in the list above?
