Math Method Textbook Unit 3 and 4 Revision

20
Revision
Revision of Units 3 & 4
20A Technology-free questions

1 If sin x = 0.3 and cos θ = 0.6, find the value of each of the following:
SF
a sin(−x) b sin(π − x) c cos(π + θ)
π π
d cos(2π − θ) e sin − θ f cos + x
2 2
2 For each of the following derivative functions, find an expression for y in terms of x
using the given information:
dy
a = sin x + 1 given that y = 2 when x = 0
dx
dy x
b = 2e 3 − e given that y = 2e when x = 3
dx
dy 1
c = given that y = 4 when x = 2
dx 2x − 3
3 Let f (x) = x2 + 6 and g(x) = 3x + 1. Find f (g(x)).
4 a Let f (x) = (5x3 − 3x)7 . Find f (x). b Let f (x) = 2xe4x . Evaluate f (0).
sin x π π

5 a For f (x) = , find f . b For f (x) = 3x sin(2x), find f .
2x + 1 2 3
6 a Find the second derivative of x2 ln(2x) with respect to x.

b Let f (x) = esin(2x) . Find f (x).
π
7 Let f (x) = 4 sin 2 x + for −π ≤ x ≤ π.
6
a Write down the amplitude and period of the function f .
b Sketch the graph of the function f . Label the axis intercepts and the endpoints with
their coordinates.
Cambridge Senior Maths for Queensland ISBN 978-1-108-45164-2 © Evans et al. 2019 Cambridge University Press
Mathematical Methods 3&4 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
20A Technology-free questions 717
Revision
8 Sketch the graph of the function f (x) = 1 − for x ∈ [−1, ∞) \ {2}.
SF
x−2
Label all axis intercepts, and label each asymptote with its equation.
1
9 Consider the graph of the function f with rule f (x) = x3 − x4 .
CF
2
a Find the x-axis intercepts.
b Find the coordinates of any stationary points.
c Find the coordinates of any points of inflection.
d Use the second derivative to establish the nature of each stationary point.
e Sketch the graph of f , showing all features.
10 A random variable X has a probability density function f with rule:

⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨1 − kx if 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 if x < 0 or x > 2
a Find the value of k. b Find Pr(0 ≤ X ≤ 1). c Find the mean of X.

2x − 1
11 A function f has rule f (x) = .
x+2
b
a If the rule of f is written as f (x) = a + , find the values of a and b.
x+2
b Find the area between the graph of y = f (x) and the x-axis for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2.
1
c Let g(x) = . Solve the equation f (x) = g(x) for x.
x+2
d Find the area between the graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
12 For each of the following, solve for x in terms of y:
SF

√
a y = 5e x−1 − 3 b y = ln 3 − x
5x 1 π π
13 Solve the equation cos = for x ∈ − , .
2 2 2 2
14 Find the average value of y = e x over the interval [0, 4].
15 The graph of y = ax3 + bx + c has intercepts (0, 6) and (−2, 0) and has a turning point
CF
where x = −1.
a Find the value of c.
b Write down two simultaneous equations in a and b from the given information.
c Hence find the values of a and b.
16 Triangle ABC has AB = AC = 10 cm and ∠BAC = 150◦ . Find:

SF
a the length BC b the area of triangle ABC
17 A hiker starts at point A. He walks for 10 km on a bearing of 330◦ and then walks for
CF
10 km on a bearing of 060◦ to arrive at point B. How far is B from A, and what is the
bearing of B from A?
718 Chapter 20: Revision of Units 3 & 4
Revision
18 The graph of the piecewise-defined function y
CF
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨−2x + 1 if x ≤ 0
4
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩2x4 + 1 otherwise y = f (x)
is shown.
a Draw the graph of the derivative function f .
b Write down a rule for the derivative function. 1
x
-0.84 O
19 Find the coordinates of the points of inflection on the graph of f (x) = x2 (4 − x2 ).
SF
1 1
20 Find an anti-derivative of with respect to x, for x < .
1 − 3x 3
21 Let X be a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 84 and a standard
CF
deviation of 6. Let Z be the standard normal random variable.
a Find the probability that X takes a value greater than 84.
b Use the result that Pr(Z < 1) = 0.84 to find the probability that 78 < X < 90.
c Find the probability that X < 78 given that X < 84.
22 The probability density function of a random variable X is given by

⎧ x
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨ 24 if 1 ≤ x ≤ 7
⎪
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
a Find Pr(X < 3).
3
b If b ∈ [1, 7] and Pr(X ≥ b) = , find b.
8
1 1
23 A tangent to the graph of y = x 3 has equation y = x + a. Find the value(s) of a.
SF
3
24 Triangle ABC has AB = 10 cm, BC = 8 cm and ∠BAC = 30◦ . CU
a Find the sine of ∠ACB.
b Let x = AC. Use the cosine rule to write a quadratic equation in x. Explain why
there are two solutions to this equation.
25 A rectangle XYZW has two vertices on the y

CF
x-axis and the other two vertices on the graph

of y = 16 − 4x2 , as shown in the diagram.
a Find the area, A, of rectangle XYZW in Y (–a, b) Z (a, b)
terms of a.
b Find the maximum value of A and the value
of a for which this occurs.
x
X O W
20A Technology-free questions 719
3
Revision
26 Let f (x) = −3x2 + 2bx + 9 with f (x) dx = 32. Find the value of b.
SF
−1
27 A player in a game of chance can win $0, $1, $2 or $3. The amount won, $X, is a
random variable with probability distribution given by:
x 0 1 2 3
Pr(X = x) 0.6 0.2 0.15 0.05
a Find the mean of X.

b What is the probability that a player wins the same amount from two games?
28 A biased coin is tossed four times. On each toss, the probability of a head is p.
CF
a Find, in terms of p, the probability that from the four tosses there are:
i exactly two heads ii exactly three heads.
b Given that 0 < p < 1 and that the probability of two heads is equal to the probability
of three heads, find the value of p.
29 A brick is made in the shape of a right triangular prism. x cm x cm

The triangular end is a right-angled isosceles triangle,
with the equal sides of length x cm. The height of the
brick is h cm. The volume of the brick is 2000 cm3 .
h cm
a Find an expression for h in terms of x.
b Show that the total surface area, A cm2 , of the brick
is given by
√
4000 2 + 8000
A= + x2
x
c Find the value of x3 if the brick has minimum surface area.
30 In order to measure the effect of alcohol on reaction time, an investigator selects a

random sample of subjects from a group of diners in a restaurant.
a Do you think this sample will be representative of the general population? Explain
your answer.
b How would you suggest that the sample could be chosen?
31 A coin is tossed 100 times, and 53 heads observed.

SF
a Give a point estimate for p, the probability of a head when the coin is tossed.
b Write down an expression for a 95% confidence interval for p.
32 A sample of n people were asked whether they thought that Australians had access to
CF
adequate hospital care, and 37% said no.

a What is the value of the sample proportion, p̂?
b Write down an expression for E, the margin of error for this estimate at the
95% confidence level, in terms of n.
c If the number of people in the sample were halved, what would be the effect on E?
Revision
33 Suppose that 20% of camels from a large population have two humps instead of one.
CF
A random sample of three camels is selected for inspection.
a What are the possible values of p̂, the proportion of camels in the sample with
two humps?
b Construct a probability distribution table for the sample proportion P̂.
c Use this table to determine the probability that the proportion of camels in the
sample with two humps is at least 0.3.
20B Multiple-choice questions

1 Define the function f by
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
4
⎪
⎪ 5x + 1 if x ≥ −
⎨ 5
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ 4
⎩−5x − 7 if x < −
5
Which of the following statements is not true about this function?
A The graph of f is continuous everywhere.
B The graph of f is continuous everywhere.
C f (x) ≥ −3 for all values of x.
D f (x) = 5 for all x > 0.
E f (x) = −5 for all x < −2.
62
2 Let k = 2
dx. Then ek is equal to
x
1 1
A 2 ln 3 B 1 C D 9 E
9 3
3 The average value of the function with rule f (x) = ln(x + 2) over the interval [−1, 3] is
−1 ln 5 5 ln 5 − 4 5 ln 5 − 3 ln 3 − 4
A B ln 6 C D E
5 4 4 4
π
4 The average value of the function y = sin(2x) over the interval 0, is
2
2 π
A B C 0.5 D 0 E π
π 2
5 If f (x) = e3x , for all real x, and [ f (x)]3 = f (y), then y is equal to
A e9x B 9x C 3x D 9x3 E (3x)3
6 The continuous random variable X has a probability density function given by

⎧ π
⎪
⎪
⎨sin(2x) if 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
⎪
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
The value of a such that Pr(X > a) = 0.25 is closest to
A 0.25 B 0.75 C 1.04 D 1.05 E 1.09
20B Multiple-choice questions 721
Revision
7 The function f is a probability density function, with rule
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
x
⎨1 + 2e k if 0 ≤ x ≤ 2k
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
Hence k is equal to
1
A e−2 B 1 + e2 C e−2 D 1 − e−2 E 1
2
8 The random variable X has a normal distribution with a mean of 8 and a standard
deviation of 0.25. If Z has the standard normal distribution, then the probability that X
is less than 7.5 is equal to
A Pr(Z > 2) B Pr(Z < −1.5) C Pr(Z < 1) D Pr(Z ≥ 1.5) E Pr(Z < −4)
9 The graph of y = 2kx − 2 intersects the graph of y = x2 + 12x at two points for
√ √
A k = 12 B k > 6 + 2 or k < 6 − 2
√ √
C 4<k<7 D 5<k<7 E 6− 2<k <6+ 2
10 The values of x that satisfy the equation e4x − 7e2x + 12 = 0 are

√ √
A 3, 4 B −4, −3 C −2, − 3, 3, 2
√ √ √
D ln 3, ln 2 E − ln 3, ln 3, ln 2
11 Assume that f (x) = g (x) with f (1) = 2 and g(x) = −x f (x). Then f (x) =
A g(x) + 4x + 4 B g (x) + 4 C g(x) + 4x
4 − 4x
D E g(x) + 4
x+1
12 The number of points of inflection on the graph of y = x4 − 4x2 is
A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3 E 4
1
13 The graph of y = 7x 2 is reflected in the x-axis and then translated 3 units to the right
and 4 units down. The equation of the new graph is
1 1 1
A y = 7(x − 3) 2 + 4 B y = −7(x − 3) 2 − 4 C y = −7(x + 3) 2 − 1
1 1
D y = −7(x − 4) 2 + 3 E y = 7(x − 4) 2 + 3
14 If a random variable X has probability density function given by

⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
1
⎨ 8 x if 0 ≤ x ≤ 4
⎪
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
then E(X) is equal to
1 8 16
A B 1 C D E 2
2 3 3
15 A yacht sails for 7 km on a bearing of 107◦ . Correct to one decimal place, how far
south of its starting point does the yacht finish?
A 2.0 km B 2.1 km C 2.3 km D 6.7 km E 23.9 km
Revision
16 The random variable X has the following probability distribution.
x 0 1 2
Pr(X = x) a b 0.6
If the mean of X is 1.6, then

A a = 0.3 and b = 0.7 B a = 0.2 and b = 0.2 C a = 0.4 and b = 0.4
D a = 0.1 and b = 0.3 E a = 0 and b = 0.4
17 A hockey player attempts to score a goal in a practice session. The probability of each
shot scoring is 18 , independently of the outcome of any other shot. The probability that
the player hits four goals out of six shots is
1 4 7 2 7 4 1 2 7 4 1 2 7 4 1 2 1 4 7 2
A B 15 C 20 D E 15
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
18 A continuous random variable X has cumulative distribution function F given by

⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪0 if x < 0
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨ 2
F(x) = ⎪
⎪ x (3 − 2x) if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩1 if x > 1
Which of the following is a possible rule for a probability density function f of X?
⎧ ⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨2
1 3
x (2 − x) if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 ⎨−4x if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
A f (x) = ⎪
⎪ B f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise ⎪
⎩0 otherwise
⎧ ⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨ x(3 − 2x) if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 ⎨6x(1 − x) if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
C f (x) = ⎪
⎪ D f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise ⎪
⎩0 otherwise
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨ 3 x (3 − x) if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
1 4
E f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
19 Triangle ABC is isosceles with AB = BC = 12 cm and ∠ABC = 50◦ . The area of this
triangle is closest to
A 62 cm2 B 55 cm2 C 65 cm2 D 61 cm2 E 46 cm2
20 A mug of hot coffee is left on a bench. The rate of change of the temperature of the
coffee, T ◦ C, with respect to time, t minutes, is given by
dT 1
= −9e− 8 t for t ≥ 0
dt
Correct to the nearest degree, the change in temperature of the coffee over the first
15 minutes is
A −52◦ C B −57◦ C C −60◦ C D −61◦ C E −64◦ C
20B Multiple-choice questions 723
Revision
21 A triangle has sides of length 2 m, 5 m and 6 m. The magnitude of the smallest angle of
this triangle is approximately
A 18◦ B 23◦ C 24◦ D 49◦ E 72◦
22 A polynomial function f is such that f (x) = 0 for x = 0 only. Which of the following
could not be the graph of f ?
A y B y C y
x x x
O O O
D y E y
x x
O O
Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following information:

An exit poll of 1000 randomly selected voters found that 520 favoured candidate A.
23 An approximate 95% confidence interval for the proportion of voters in favour of

candidate A is
A (0.484, 0.546) B (0.422, 0.618) C (0.494, 0.546)
D (0.489, 0.551) E (0.479, 0.561)
24 On the basis of this confidence interval, what would be your prediction for the result of
the election?
A predict a win for candidate A
B predict a loss for candidate A
C too close to make any prediction
D cannot tell as we do not know the number of candidates
E none of the above
25 The graph of a function is shown on y

the right. On which of the following
intervals is the graph concave up?
A (1, ∞) B (−∞, 0) x
−2 −1 O 1
C (−1, ∞) D (−1, 1)
E (0, ∞)
20C Extended-response questions

Revision
1 a i Find the coordinates of the stationary point for the curve with equation
CU
16x3 + 4x2 + 1
y=
2x2
ii Determine the nature of this stationary point.
b The right-angled triangle A
ABC shown in the diagram
has side lengths AB = 5 cm
and AC = 13 cm. Q
R
The rectangle BPQR is such
that its vertices P, Q and R y cm
lie on the line segments BC,
B C
CA and AB respectively. x cm P
60 − 5x
i Given that BP = x cm and PQ = y cm, show that y = .
12
ii Find the area of the rectangle, A cm2 , in terms of x.
iii Find the maximum value of this area as x varies.
2 A theoretical model of the relationship between two x 0 1 3

variables, x and y, predicts the values given in the table.
y 6 0 0
a An equation of the form y = k(x − p)(x − q) is suggested,
where p, q and k are constants and p < q.
Use the information in the table to find p, q and k.
b A series of experiments is carried out to test this model. The values of y when
x = 0, 1, 3 are found to be as predicted. But when x = 2, the value of y is found to
be 2. After further discussion, a new model is proposed with an equation of the form
y = m(x − p)2 (x − q)
where p and q have the values already calculated and m is a constant.
i Find the value of m.
ii Obtain the equation of this new model in the form y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d.
iii Sketch the graph of y against x. State the coordinates of the stationary points and
the nature of each of these points.
3 The bearing of buoy A from a point X at the foot of a cliff is 133◦ , and the bearing of
buoy B from X is 219◦ . The cliff is 70 m high. Point Y is at the top of the cliff vertically
above X. The angle of depression of A from Y is 9.5◦ , and the angle of depression of B
from Y is 7.4◦ .
a Find ∠AXB.
b Find AX and BX.
c Find AB, the distance between the two buoys.
20C Extended-response questions 725
Revision
4 A square piece of card OABC, of side length 10 cm
CU
C B
10 cm, is cut into four pieces by removing a
square OXYZ of side length x cm as shown, and
then cutting out the triangle ABY.
10 cm
a i Find A cm2 , the sum of the areas of OXYZ
Y
and ABY, in terms of x. Z
ii Find the domain of the function which x cm
determines this area. O x cm X A
iii Sketch the graph of the function, with
domain determined in ii.
iv State the minimum value of this area.
b i Find the rule for the function of x which represents the area of triangle AXY.
ii Sketch the graph of this function for a suitable domain.
c Find the ratio of the areas of the four pieces when the area of triangle AXY is
a maximum.
5 A curve C has equation y = ax − x2 , where a is a positive constant.

a Sketch C, showing clearly the coordinates of the axis intercepts.
b Calculate the area of the finite region bounded by C and the x-axis, giving your
answer in terms of a.
1 2
c The lines x = a and x = a intersect C at the points A and B respectively.
3 3
i Find, in terms of a, the y-coordinates of A and B.
ii Calculate the area of the finite region bounded by C and the straight line AB,
giving your answer in terms of a.
6 The number of people unemployed in a particular population can be modelled by the

function
−t
f (t) = 1000(t2 − 10t + 44)e 10
where t is the number of months after January 2017 and 0 ≤ t ≤ 35.
a Use this function to find an expression for:
i the rate of increase of the number unemployed
ii the rate of increase of this rate of increase.
b Find the values of t for which:
i the number unemployed was increasing
ii the rate of increase of the number unemployed was going down
iii the number unemployed was increasing and the rate of increase of the number
unemployed was going down.
Revision
7 The diagram shows part of the y
CU
graph of y = cos x and the graphs
of two quadratic functions, denoted 1 R
by Q and R, which approximate to
the cosine function around x = 0
x
and x = π respectively. -π O π π 3π
1 2 2 2
The equation of Q is y = 1 − x2 . -1
2 Q
1
a i Find an estimate of cos 0.1 by using the approximation y = 1 − x2 .
2
ii Find an approximation for the solution to the equation cos x = 0.98 for
π π 1
− ≤ x ≤ , by solving the quadratic equation 1 − x2 = 0.98.
2 2 2
b i The graph Q can be transformed into R by a reflection in the x-axis, followed by
a translation. Use this fact to find an equation for the graph R.
ii Estimate the value of cos 3 using this approximation.
8 In the figure, ABCD is a A R 3x cm B

rectangle with AB = 30 cm x cm
and AD = 10 cm.
Q
The shaded portions are
cut away, leaving the S
x cm
parallelogram PQRS ,
where BQ = SD = x cm D 3x cm P C
and RB = DP = 3x cm.
a Find the area, S cm2 , of the parallelogram in terms of x.
b Find the allowable values of x.
c Find the value of x for which S is a maximum.
d Sketch the graph of S against x for a suitable domain.
9 In the figure, OAB is a quadrant of a circle of radius B Q

1 unit. The line segment OA is extended to a point P.
From P, a tangent to the quadrant is drawn, touching T
it at T and meeting another tangent, BQ, at Q.
Let ∠OPQ = θ.
a i Find the length OP as a function of θ. θ
ii Find the length BQ as a function of θ. O A P
2 − cos θ
b Show that the area, S , of trapezium OPQB is given by .
2 sin θ
dS 2 − 4 cos θ
c Show that = .
dθ 4 sin2 θ
d Find the minimum value of S and the distance AP when S is a minimum.
Revision
10 The point P has coordinates (t, 0), where 0 < t < . y
CU
2 y = x(4 - x)
The line PAB is parallel to the y-axis.
B
a Let Z be the length of AB. Find Z in terms of t. y=x
2
b Sketch the graph of Z against t. A
c State the maximum value of Z and the value of t
x
for which it occurs. O P
t
11 A study is being conducted of the numbers of male and female children in families in a
certain population.
a A simple model is that each child in any family is equally likely to be male or
female, and that the sex of each child is independent of the sex of any previous
children in the family. Using this model, calculate the probability that in a randomly
chosen family of four children:
i there will be two males and two females
ii there will be exactly one female, given that there is at least one female.
b An alternative model is that the first child in any family is equally likely to be male
or female, but that, for any subsequent children, the probability that they will be of
3
the same sex as the previous child is . Using this model, calculate the probability
5
that in a randomly chosen family of four children:
i all four will be of the same sex
ii no two consecutive children will be of the same sex
iii there will be two males and two females.
12 In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle with y

OA = OD = a and AB = b.
The equation of the parabola BOC is y = kx2 . C B
a Express k in terms of a and b.

b If BD cuts the parabola at T , find: T
i the equation of the straight line BD x

D O A
ii the coordinates of T .
4
c Show that the area bounded by the parabola and the line BC is ab square units.
3
d Let S 1 be the area of the region bounded by the line segment BT and the curve BOT .
Let S 2 be the area of the region bounded by the curve CT and the line segments BC
and BT . Find the ratio S 1 : S 2 .
Revision
13 A certain type of brass washer is manufactured as follows. A length of brass rod is
CU
cut cross-sectionally into pieces of mean thickness 0.25 cm, with a standard deviation
of 0.002 cm. These brass slices are then put through a machine that punches out a
circular hole of mean diameter 0.5 cm through the middle of the slice, with a standard
deviation of 0.05 cm. The thickness of the washers and the diameters of the holes are
known to be normally distributed, and do not depend on each other.
a Find the probability that a randomly selected washer will:
i have a thickness of less than 0.253 cm
ii have a thickness of less than 0.247 cm
iii have a hole punched with a diameter greater than 0.56 cm
iv have a hole punched with a diameter less than 0.44 cm.
b The brass washers are acceptable only if they are between 0.247 cm and 0.253 cm in
thickness with a hole of diameter between 0.44 cm and 0.56 cm. Find:
i the percentage of washers that are rejected
ii the expected number of washers of acceptable thickness in a batch of
1000 washers
iii the expected number of washers of acceptable thickness that will be rejected in a
batch of 1000 washers.
14 A ditch is to be dug to D 90 m B
connect the points A and B
in the figure. The earth on 24 m
the same side of AE as B is
A C
hard, and the earth on the E
other side is soft.
The cost of digging hard earth is $200 per metre and soft earth is $100 per metre.
Find the position of point C, where the turn is made, that will minimise the cost.
15 The diagram shows the graph of y = e−x . y

The points A and B have coordinates
(n, 0) and (n + 1, 0) respectively, and the
1
points C and D on the curve are such that
D C y = e-x
AD and BC are parallel to the y-axis.
a i Find the equation of the tangent to x
O A B
y = e−x at the point D.
ii Find the intercept of the tangent
with the x-axis.
b i Find the area of the region ABCD.
ii The line BD divides the region into two parts. Find the ratio of the areas of these
two parts.
Revision
16 A manufacturer sells cylinders whose diameters are normally distributed with
CU
mean 3 cm and standard deviation 0.002 cm. The selling price is $s per cylinder and the
cost of manufacture is $1 per cylinder. A cylinder is returned and the purchase money is
refunded if the diameter of the cylinder is found to differ from 3 cm by more than d cm.
A returned cylinder is regarded as a total loss to the manufacturer. The probability that
a cylinder is returned is 0.25.
a Find d.
b The profit, $Q, per cylinder is a random variable. Give the possible values of Q in
terms of s, and the probabilities of these values.
c Express the mean and standard deviation of Q in terms of s.
17 The length of a certain species of worm has a normal distribution with mean 20 cm and
standard deviation 1.5 cm.
a Find the probability that a randomly selected worm has a length greater than 22 cm.
b If the lengths of the worms are measured to the nearest centimetre, find the
probability that a randomly selected worm has its length measured as 20 cm.
c If five worms are randomly selected, find the probability that exactly two will have
their lengths measured as 20 cm (to the nearest centimetre).
18 The amount of coal, P tonnes, produced by x miners in one shift is given by the rule:
x2
P= (56 − x) where 1 ≤ x ≤ 40
90
dP
a Find .
dx
b i Sketch the graph of P against x for 1 ≤ x ≤ 40.
ii State the maximum value of P.
c Write down an expression in terms of x for the average production per miner in the
shift. Denote the average production per miner by A (in tonnes).
i Sketch the graph of A against x for 1 ≤ x ≤ 40.
ii State the maximum value of A and the value of x for which it occurs.
19 A straight road passes by a hill. The angle of elevation to the top of the hill is measured
from three points A, B and C along the road. Point B is between points A and C such
that AB = BC = 1200 m. The angle of elevation is 12.5◦ from point A and point B, and
9.5◦ from point C.
Let h m be the height of the hill. Let Y be the top point of the hill and let X be the point
vertically below Y at the same level as the road.
a Find AX, BX and CX in terms of h.
b Let M be the midpoint of AB. Find MX 2 in terms of h.
c Use Pythagoras’ theorem in triangle CMX to find h.
d Find the perpendicular distance from the point X to the road.
e Find the distance of each of the points A, B and C from point X.
Revision
20 Consider the family of quadratic functions with rules of the form
CU
f (x) = (k + 2)x2 + (6k − 4)x + 2
where k is an arbitrary constant.
a Sketch the graph of f when:
i k=0 ii k = −2 iii k = −4
b Find the coordinates of the turning point of the graph of y = f (x) in terms of k. If the
coordinates of the turning point are (a, b), find the values of k such that:
i a>0 ii a = 0 iii b > 0 iv b < 0
c For what values of k is the turning point a local maximum?
d By using the discriminant, state the values of k for which:
i f (x) is a perfect square ii there are no solutions to the equation f (x) = 0.
21 a Find the solution to the equation e2−2x = 2e−x .

b Let y = e2−2x − 2e−x .
dy dy
i Find . ii Solve the equation = 0.
dx dx
iii State the coordinates of the turning points of y = e2−2x − 2e−x .
iv Sketch the graph of y = e2−2x − 2e−x for x ≥ 0.
c State the values of k for which the equation e2−2x − 2e−x = k has two distinct positive
solutions.
22 a Sketch, on a single clear diagram, the graphs of:

i y = x2 ii y = (x + a)2 iii y = b(x + a)2 iv y = b(x + a)2 + c
where a, b and c are positive constants with b > 1.
2x2 + 4x + 5 3
b Show that 2 = + 2, for all values except x = −1.
x + 2x + 1 (x + 1)2
c Hence state precisely a sequence of transformations by which the graph of
2x2 + 4x + 5 1
y= 2 may be obtained from the graph of y = 2 .
x + 2x + 1 x
1 2x2 + 4x + 5
d Evaluate dx.
0 x2 + 2x + 1
1 3
e Sketch the graphs of y = and y = + 2 on the one set of axes, and indicate
x 2 (x + 1)2
the region for which the area has been determined in d.
23 The length of an engine part must be between 4.81 cm and 5.20 cm. In mass
production, it is found that 0.8% are too short and 3% are too long. Assume that the
lengths are normally distributed.
a Find the mean and standard deviation of this distribution.
b Each part costs $4 to produce; those that turn out to be too long are shortened at
an extra cost of $2, and those that turn out to be too short are rejected. Find the
expected total cost of producing 100 parts that meet the specifications.
Revision
24 A real-estate agent has a block of land to sell. y
CU
An x–y coordinate grid is placed with the
origin at O, as shown in the diagram. The block B(25, 50)
of land is OABCE, where OA, AB, CE and A(0, 50)
EO are straight line segments and the curve
25 C(50, 25)
through points B and C is part of a parabola
with equation of the form y = ax2 + 4x + c. x
a Find the equation of line segments: O E(25, 0) 50
i AB ii EC
b Find the values of a and c and hence find the equation of the parabola through
points B and C.
c Find the area of:
i the rectangle OEBA ii the region EBC (with boundaries as defined above)
iii the block of land.
25 In the diagram, PQRST is a thin metal R

plate, where PQST is a rectangle with
4 cm 4 cm
PQ = 2 cm and QRS is an isosceles
triangle with QR = RS = 4 cm. θ θ
Q S
a Show that the area of the metal
plate, A cm2 , is given by 2 cm 2 cm
A = 16(cos θ + cos θ sin θ)

P T
π
for 0 < θ < .
2
dA
b Show that = 16(1 − sin θ − 2 sin2 θ).
dθ
dA π
c Solve the equation = 0 for 0 < θ < by first solving 16(1 − a − 2a2 ) = 0 for a.
dθ 2
π
d Sketch the graph of A against θ for 0 < θ < , and state the maximum value of A.
2
26 The temperature, T ◦ C, of water in a kettle at time t minutes is given by the formula
T = θ + Ae−kt
where θ◦ C is the temperature of the room in which the kettle sits.
a Assume that the room is of constant temperature 21◦ C. At 2:23 p.m., the water
in the kettle boils at 100◦ C. After 10 minutes, the temperature of the water in the
kettle is 84◦ C. Use this information to find the values of k and A, giving your answer
correct to two decimal places.
b At what time will the temperature of the water in the kettle be 70◦ C?
c Sketch the graph of T against t for t ≥ 0.
d Find the average rate of change of temperature for the time interval [0, 10].
e Find the instantaneous rate of change of temperature when:
i t=6 ii T = 60
Revision
27 Large batches of similar components are delivered to a company. A sample of five
CU
articles is taken at random from each batch and tested. If at least four of the five articles
are found to be good, the batch is accepted. Otherwise, the batch is rejected.
1
a If the fraction of defectives in a batch is , find the probability of the batch being
2
accepted.
b If the fraction of defectives in a batch is p, show that the probability of the batch
being accepted is given by a function of the form
A(p) = (1 − p)4 (1 + bp), 0≤p≤1
and find the value of b.
c Sketch the graph of A against p for 0 ≤ p ≤ 1. (Using a calculator would be
appropriate.)
d Find correct to two decimal places:
i the value of p for which A(p) = 0.95
ii the value of p for which A(p) = 0.05.
e i Find A (p), for 0 ≤ p ≤ 1.
ii Sketch the graph of A (p) against p.
iii For what value of p is A (p) a minimum?
iv Describe what the result of iii means.
28 The diagram shows a sketch graph of

x
y= − ln(x + 3), x > −3
10
x = -3 x
O P
a Find the x-coordinate of the local minimum at M.

1
b Show that the gradient of the curve is always less than .
10
1
c Find the equation of the straight line through M with a gradient of .
10
d i Hence show that the value of the x-axis intercept at P is greater than 10 ln 10.
ii Find, correct to three decimal places, the value of the intercept at P.
Revision
29 A section of a creek bank can be modelled by the function:
CU
2πx
f (x) = a + b sin , x ∈ [0, 50]
50
where units are in metres.
y
a i Find the values of a, b, d,
m and n. (m, n)
ii The other bank of the
creek can be modelled by
the function y = f (x) + 4.
Sketch the graph of this (0, 7.5) y = f(x)
new function.
b Find the coordinates of the
points on the first bank with x
y-coordinate 10. O (d, 0)
c A particular river has a less severe bend than this creek. It is found that a section of
the bank of the river can be modelled by the function:
x
g(x) = 2 f , x ∈ [0, 250]
5
Sketch the graph of this function; label the turning points with their coordinates.
d Over the years, the river bank moves. The shape of the bends are maintained, but
there is a translation of 10 metres in the positive direction of the x-axis.
i Give the rule that describes this section of the river bank after the translation
(relative to the original axes).
ii Sketch the graph of this new function.
30 A machine produces ball-bearings with a mean diameter of 3 mm. It is found that 6.3%
of the production is being rejected as below the lower tolerance limit of 2.9 mm, and a
further 6.3% is being rejected as above the upper tolerance limit of 3.1 mm. Assume
that the diameters are normally distributed.
a Calculate the standard deviation of the distribution.
b A sample of eight ball-bearings is taken. Find the probability that:
i at least one is rejected
ii two are rejected.
c The setting of the machine now ‘wanders’ such that the standard deviation remains
the same, but the mean changes to 3.05 mm.
i Calculate the total percentage of the production that will now fall outside the
given tolerance limits.
ii Find the value of c such that the probability that the diameter lies in the interval
(3.05 − c, 3.05 + c) is 0.9.
Revision
31 There is a probability of 0.8 that a boarding student will miss breakfast if he oversleeps.
CU
There is a probability of 0.3 that the student will miss breakfast even if he does not
oversleep. The student has a probability of 0.4 of oversleeping.
a On a random day, what is the probability of:
i the student oversleeping and missing breakfast
ii the student not oversleeping and still missing breakfast
iii the student not missing breakfast?
b Given that the student misses breakfast, find the probability that he overslept.
c It is found that 10 students in the boarding house have identical probabilities
for sleeping in and missing breakfast to the student mentioned above. Find the
probability that:
i exactly two of the 10 students miss breakfast
ii at least one of the 10 students misses breakfast
iii at least eight of the students don’t miss breakfast.
32 The continuous random variable X has probability density function f given by
CF
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
5
⎨k(5 − 2x) if 2 < x ≤
f (x) = ⎪
⎪ 2
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
a Find the value of k.
b i Find E(X).
ii Find the median of X.
iii Find σ, the standard deviation of X, correct to two decimal places.
c Find Pr(X < μ − σ), where μ = E(X).
33 The lifetime, X days, of a particular type of computer component has a probability

density function given by
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨k(a − x) if 0 < x ≤ a
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 if x ≤ 0 or x > a
where k and a are positive constants.
a Find k in terms of a.
b Find the mean, μ, and the variance, σ2 , of X in terms of a.
c Find Pr(X > μ + 2σ).
d Find the value of a if the median lifetime is 1000 days.
√
Revision
34 A particle is moving along a path with equation y = x2 + 24.
CU
dy
a Find .
dx
b Find the coordinates of the local minimum of the curve.
c Does this rule define an even function?
√
d As x → ∞, y → x and as x → −∞, y → −x. Sketch the graph of y = x2 + 24,
showing the asymptotes.
e Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point with coordinates (1, 5), and
sketch the graph of this normal with the graph of d.
f Show that
√
d √ x x2 + 24 √
12 ln x + 24 + x +
2 = x2 + 24
dx 2
for x > 0.
g Use this result to find the area of the region bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the
lines x = 2 and x = 5.
35 The boxplot is a display used to describe the distribution of a data set. Located on
the boxplot are the minimum, the lower quartile, the median, the upper quartile and
the maximum. Boxplots also show outliers. These are values which are more than
1.5 interquartile ranges below the lower quartile or above the upper quartile.
a Suppose that a random variable Z is normally distributed with a mean of 0 and a
standard deviation of 1.
i Find the value of the median, i.e. find m such that Pr(Z ≤ m) = 0.5.
ii Find the value of the lower quartile, i.e. find q1 such that Pr(Z ≤ q1 ) = 0.25.
iii Find the value of the upper quartile, i.e. find q3 such that Pr(Z ≤ q3 ) = 0.75.
iv Hence find the interquartile range (IQR) for this distribution.

v Find Pr q1 − 1.5 × IQR < Z < q3 + 1.5 × IQR .
vi What percentage of data values would you expect to be designated as outliers for
this distribution?
b Suppose that a random variable X is normally distributed with a mean of μ and a
standard deviation of σ.
i Find the value of the median, i.e. find m such the Pr(X ≤ m) = 0.5.
ii Find the value of the lower quartile, i.e. find q1 such that Pr(X ≤ q1 ) = 0.25.
iii Find the value of the upper quartile, i.e. find q3 such that Pr(X ≤ q3 ) = 0.75.
iv Hence find the interquartile range (IQR) for this distribution.

v Find Pr q1 − 1.5 × IQR < X < q3 + 1.5 × IQR .
vi What percentage of data values would you expect to be designated as outliers for
this distribution?
Revision
36 A coin is tossed 1000 times, and 527 heads observed.
CF
a Give a point estimate for p, the probability of observing a head when the coin
is tossed.
b Determine an approximate 95% confidence interval for p.
c What level of confidence would be given by a confidence interval for p which is
half the width of the approximate 95% confidence interval?
d What level of confidence would be given by a confidence interval for p which is
twice the width of the approximate 95% confidence interval?
37 The diagram shows the graph of the function y
CU
x=1
1
g(x) = , x>1
x−1
The line segment AB is drawn from the
point A(2, 1) to the point B(b, g(b)), where b > 2.
a i What is the gradient of AB?
ii At what value of x between 1 and b does
the tangent to the graph of g have the same x
gradient as AB? O 1
e+1
b i Calculate 2 g(x) dx.
Let c be a real number with 1 < c < 2. Find the exact value of c such that
ii
e+1
c
g(x) dx = 8.
c i What is the area of the trapezium bounded by the line segment AB, the x-axis
and the lines x = 2 and x = b?
ii For what exact value of b does this area equal 8?
mn+1 m
d Given that g(x) dx + n +1 g(x) dx = 2, where n > 0, find the value of m.
2 2
38 The diagram shows the graph of the function y

1
f (x) = , x>0
x2
The line segment AB is drawn from the
point A(1, 1) to the point B(b, f (b)), where b > 1.
a i What is the gradient of AB?
ii At what value of x between 1 and b does
the tangent to the graph of f have the same
gradient as AB? x
O
b i What is the area, S(b), of the trapezium bounded by the line segment AB, the
x-axis and the lines x = 1 and x = b?
10
ii For what exact value of b does this area equal ?
b 9
iii Show that 1 f (x) dx < 1 for b > 1.
b
c Show that the function D(b) = S(b) − 1
f (x) dx is strictly increasing for b > 1.
Define the function f (x) = xm e−nx+n , where the constants m and n are positive integers.
Revision
39
CU
The graph of y = f (x) is as shown.
a Find the coordinates of the stationary point not y
at the origin in terms of n, and state its nature.
b Find the coordinates of the point on the graph
at which the tangent of f passes through the
origin.
c Consider the continuous probability density
function with rule
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪ 2 −2x+2
⎨kx e if x ≥ 0
f (x) = ⎪ x
⎪
⎪
⎩0 O
otherwise
where k is a positive real number.
i Find the value of k.
ii Find Pr(X < 1), where X is the associated random variable.
40 Let X be a continuous random variable with probability density function given by

⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪ −qx
⎨ke if x ≥ 0
f (x) = ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩0 otherwise
where q is a positive real number.
a i
Find the value of k in terms of q.
ii
Find E(X) in terms of q.
iii
Find Var(X) in terms of q.
1
Show that the median of the distribution is m = ln 2.
iv
1 1 q
b Find Pr X > ln 3 X > ln 2 .
q q
c The distance, X metres, between flaws in a certain type of yarn is a continuous
random variable with probability density function f (x) = 0.01e−0.01x for x ≥ 0.
i Sketch the graph of y = f (x).
ii Find the probability, correct to two decimal places, that the distance between
consecutive flaws is more than 100 m.
iii Find the median value of this distribution, correct to two decimal places.
20D Degree-of-difficulty classified questions

Revision
Simple familiar questions

1 Find the derivative of each of the following, given that the function g is differentiable
for all real numbers:

g(x)
a x3 g(x) b (2x + 3) g(x) c g(x) 3 d
x2
2 If f (4) = 6 and f (4) = 2, find g (4) where:
√ f (x)
a g(x) = x f (x) b g(x) =
x
π
3 Given that f (x) = sin 2x − and g(x) = 3x, find F (x) if F(x) = f (g(x)).
3
4 If f (x) = 4x2 − 5x + 6, find:
a f (x) b f (0) c the value of x for which f (x) = 1.

5 Find the derivative of ln 3 f (x) with respect to x.
√
6 The tangent to the graph of y = a − x at x = 1 has a gradient of −6. Find the value
of a.
7 Let f (x) = e x sin(x).

a Find:
i f (x) ii f (π) iii f (0)
b Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of y = f (x) at:
i x=0 ii x = π
c Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of y = f (x − π) at:
i x=0 ii x = π
8 Solve each of the following equations for x:

a e2x = 1 b 2 x−1 × 4 x = 16
c log2 (3x + 1) = −1 d ln(x) − 2 ln(2x) = 1
9 Sketch graphs for the following functions, labelling the axis intercepts:
1
a y = e−x − 1 b y = 2 log3 (x + 1) + 1
2
10 Differentiate each of the following with respect to x:
ln(x2 )
a e2x cos(3x) b (x − 2)2 ln(x − 2) c d cos(2x) sin(3x)
x
1
e f sin (2 − 5x)
3
g x cos3 (3x)
3
h x3 ln(x3 )
sin(2x)
20D Degree-of-difficulty classified questions 739
Revision
11 Find the gradient of each of the following curves at the stated value of x:
b y = e x −1 , x = 0
3
a y = 4 − e2x , x = 1
c y = 4e2x + x3 , x = 1 d y = e−x + 5, x = 0
12 A triangular area of land has boundary side lengths of 10 m, 12 m and 17 m.

a Find the largest internal angle in degrees, correct to two decimal places.
b Find the area of the land, correct to the nearest square metre.
13 Find the area bounded by the graph of the function and the x-axis for the given domain:
π 1
a y = −3 sin(2x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ b y = e−x − for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2 e
14 The probability that Billy will be late to school on Monday is 0.2. If he is late on
Monday, then the probability that he will be late on Tuesday is 0.3; otherwise this
probability is 0.1.
a Find the probability that:
i Billy is late on both Monday and Tuesday ii Billy is late on Tuesday
b If Billy was late on Tuesday, find the probability that he was late on Monday.
15 Laura works as a salesperson for an electric-car company. The following table gives the
probability distribution for the number, X, of cars that Laura sells in a day.
x 0 1 2 3
Pr(X = x) 0.3 0.4 0.2 k
a State the value of k.

b Find the probability that on a given day:
i Laura sells at least one car
ii Laura sells exactly one car, given that she sells at least one car.
c Find the mean, μ, and the standard deviation, σ, for the number of cars that Laura
sells in one day.
d Find Pr(μ − 2σ ≤ X ≤ μ + 2σ).
16 The weights of goldfish are normally distributed with a mean of 40 g and a standard
deviation of 5 g.
a Find the probability, correct to three decimal places, that the weight of a randomly
selected goldfish is:
i between 30 g and 50 g
ii more than 45 g, given that it is less than 50 g.
b What weight, correct to one decimal place, would put a goldfish in:
i the bottom 20% of the population by weight
ii the top 40% of the population by weight?
Complex familiar questions

Revision
√ √
1 Find the implied domain for the function f (x) = x − 3 + 5 − x.
2 Strontium-90 decays at a rate proportional to the amount present. Therefore, if A(t) is

the amount of strontium-90 present after t years, then
A(t) = A0 e−kt
where A0 is the initial amount and k is a positive constant. It takes 28.8 years for an
amount of strontium-90 to reduce by half.
a Find the value of k.
b How many years does it take for an amount of strontium-90 to reduce by 75%?
3 A particle starts from rest at a fixed point O and moves in a straight line towards a
point A. The particle’s velocity, v m/s, is given by
v = 8 − 8e2t
where t is the time in seconds after leaving O.
a Find the particle’s acceleration at time t seconds.
b Given that the particle reaches point A at time t = ln 2, find the distance OA.
4 Among 200 households that had the newspaper delivered on Sunday, there were
40 households that did not open their paper.
a If 10 of the 200 households are surveyed, find the probability that at least three
of the surveyed households did not open their paper. (Answer correct to three
decimal places.)
b Determine a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of households that do not
open their Sunday paper. (Round to two decimal places.)
5 Solve for x:
a 2 × 22x = 17 × 2 x − 8 b ln(2x − 3) − ln(x) = 2
6 A triangle ABC has AB = 2 m, AC = 3 m, ∠ACB = 30◦ and ∠ABC is obtuse.

a Find the two internal angles ∠ABC and ∠BAC, correct to one decimal place.
b Find the area of
ABC, correct to one decimal place.
c Find the perimeter of
ABC, correct to one decimal place.
7 A particle moves in a straight line such that its acceleration, a m/s2 , at time t seconds is
given by a = 3t + 2. The particle starts at rest 10 metres to the right of a fixed point O
on the line. Find the position of the particle relative to O after 5 seconds.
8 An exponential function has a rule of the form y = A × 3bx . Given that the graph of the
function passes through the points (0, 2) and (1, 6), find the values of A and b.
20D Degree-of-difficulty classified questions 741
Complex unfamiliar questions
Revision
1 A water-cooling device has a system of water circulation for the first 30 minutes of its
operation. The circulation follows the following sequence:
For the first 3 minutes water is flowing in.
For the second 3 minutes water is flowing out.
For the third 3 minutes water is flowing in.
This pattern is continued for the first 30 minutes. The rate of flow of water is given by
the function
−t πt
R(t) = 10e 10 sin
3
where R(t) litres per minute is the rate of flow at time t minutes. Initially there are
4 litres of water in the device.
a i Find R(0). ii Find R(3).

b Find R (t).
c i Solve the equation R (t) = 0 for t ∈ [0, 12].
ii Find the coordinates of the stationary points of y = R(t) for t ∈ [0, 12].
d Solve the equation R(t) = 0 for t ∈ [0, 12].
e Sketch the graph of y = R(t) for t ∈ [0, 12].
f i How many litres of water flowed into the device for t ∈ [0, 3]?
ii How many litres of water flowed out of the device for t ∈ [3, 6]?
iii How many litres of water are in the device when t = 6? (Remember there are
initially 4 litres of water.)
g How many litres of water are there in the device when t = 30?
2 The cross-section of the curved surface of a skate ramp is modelled by the function
2
f (x) = + 1, 2≤x≤5
(x − 1)2
where the x-axis represents ground level and units are in metres.
1
a Describe a sequence of transformations that takes the graph of y = 2 to the graph
x
of y = f (x).
b Find the area of the cross-section above the ground.
c Find the gradient of the ramp at its steepest point.
To strengthen the skate ramp, a steel strut will be added within the cross-section. The
strut will reach from the ground to the point on the ramp surface where x = 3, and will
meet the ramp surface at an angle of 90◦ to the surface.
d Find the equation of a straight line representing the strut.
e Hence, find the length of the strut.
Revision
3 The sales revenue, in dollars, that a manufacturer receives for selling x units of a
particular product can be approximated by the function
x
R(x) = 90 000 ln 1 + , 10 ≤ x ≤ 30 000
100
Each unit costs the manufacturer $10 to produce, and the initial cost of adjusting the
machinery for a production run is $2000. So the total cost, in dollars, of producing
x units is given by
C(x) = 2000 + 10x, 10 ≤ x ≤ 30 000
a Write down the profit, P(x) in dollars, from the production and sale of x units.
b Find P (x).
c Find the value of x that gives the maximum profit and find this maximum profit.
d Sketch the graph of y = P(x) for 10 ≤ x ≤ 30 000.
4 The wingspans of a large population of eagles are normally distributed with mean 1.2 m
and standard deviation 20 cm.
a Approximately what percentage of these eagles have a wingspan greater than 1 m?
b Find the probability, correct to three decimal places, that a randomly selected eagle
from this population has a wingspan:
i greater than 90 cm
ii greater than 90 cm, given that it is less than 1.1 m.
A random sample of three eagles was selected from this population. For each of the
following, give your answer correct to three decimal places.
c Find the probability that at least two eagles in the sample have a wingspan greater
than 1 m.
d Find the probability that the proportion of eagles in the sample with a wingspan
greater than 1 m is less than 0.4.
In a separate experiment, a random sample of 100 eagles was selected from a different
population of eagles, and 80 of them had a wingspan greater than 1 m.
e Find an approximate 95% confidence interval for p, the proportion of eagles in this
population with a wingspan greater than 1 m. (Round to two decimal places.)
f Find the sample size that is required to achieve a margin of error of 2% in a
95% confidence interval for p.

Math Method Textbook Unit 3 and 4 Revision

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Math Method Textbook Unit 3 and 4 Revision

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What are the x-intercepts of the function f(x) = x^3 - 1/2 x^4?

What are the x-intercepts of the function f(x) = x^3 - 1/2 x^4?

What are the coordinates of any stationary points of the function f(x) = x^3 - 1/2 x^4?

What are the coordinates of any stationary points of the function f(x) = x^3 - 1/2 x^4?

20

Revision of Units 3 & 4

20A Technology-free questions

3 Let f (x) = x2 + 6 and g(x) = 3x + 1. Find f (g(x)).

sin x π π

6 a Find the second derivative of x2 ln(2x) with respect to x.

10 A random variable X has a probability density function f with rule:

a Find the value of k. b Find Pr(0 ≤ X ≤ 1). c Find the mean of X.

12 For each of the following, solve for x in terms of y:

16 Triangle ABC has AB = AC = 10 cm and ∠BAC = 150◦ . Find:

a the length BC b the area of triangle ABC

19 Find the coordinates of the points of inﬂection on the graph of f (x) = x2 (4 − x2 ).

22 The probability density function of a random variable X is given by

25 A rectangle XYZW has two vertices on the y

x-axis and the other two vertices on the graph

a Find the mean of X.

29 A brick is made in the shape of a right triangular prism. x cm x cm

30 In order to measure the eﬀect of alcohol on reaction time, an investigator selects a

31 A coin is tossed 100 times, and 53 heads observed.

adequate hospital care, and 37% said no.

20B Multiple-choice questions

6 The continuous random variable X has a probability density function given by

10 The values of x that satisfy the equation e4x − 7e2x + 12 = 0 are

14 If a random variable X has probability density function given by

If the mean of X is 1.6, then

18 A continuous random variable X has cumulative distribution function F given by

Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following information:

23 An approximate 95% conﬁdence interval for the proportion of voters in favour of

25 The graph of a function is shown on y

20C Extended-response questions

2 A theoretical model of the relationship between two x 0 1 3

5 A curve C has equation y = ax − x2 , where a is a positive constant.

6 The number of people unemployed in a particular population can be modelled by the

8 In the ﬁgure, ABCD is a A R 3x cm B

9 In the ﬁgure, OAB is a quadrant of a circle of radius B Q

12 In the ﬁgure, ABCD is a rectangle with y

a Express k in terms of a and b.

i the equation of the straight line BD x

15 The diagram shows the graph of y = e−x . y

21 a Find the solution to the equation e2−2x = 2e−x .

22 a Sketch, on a single clear diagram, the graphs of:

25 In the diagram, PQRST is a thin metal R

A = 16(cos θ + cos θ sin θ)

28 The diagram shows a sketch graph of

a Find the x-coordinate of the local minimum at M.

32 The continuous random variable X has probability density function f given by

33 The lifetime, X days, of a particular type of computer component has a probability

37 The diagram shows the graph of the function y

38 The diagram shows the graph of the function y

40 Let X be a continuous random variable with probability density function given by

20D Degree-of-difficulty classified questions

Simple familiar questions

7 Let f (x) = e x sin(x).

8 Solve each of the following equations for x:

12 A triangular area of land has boundary side lengths of 10 m, 12 m and 17 m.