SOFTWARE TESTING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR EXPERIENCED

 The probability that a server-class application hosted on the cloud is up

and running for six long months without crashing is 99.99 percentage.
To analyze this type of a scenario, what test you will perform?
Reliability testing

What will you do when a bug turns up during testing?

When a bug occurs, we can follow the below steps.

 We can run more tests to make sure that the problem has a clear description.
 We can also run a few more tests to ensure that the same problem doesn’t exist
with different inputs.
 Once we are certain of the full scope of the bug, we can add details and report it.

Why is it impossible to test a program thoroughly?

Here are the two principal reasons that make it impossible to test a program entirely.

 Software specifications can be subjective and can lead to different

interpretations.
 A software program may require too many inputs, outputs, and path
combinations.

How do you test a product if the requirements are yet to be freezed?

If the required specifications are not available for a product, then a test plan can be
created based on the assumptions made about the product. But we should get all
assumptions well-documented in the test plan.
If a product is in the production stage and one of its modules gets
updated, then is it necessary to ret
It is suggested to perform a regression testing and run tests for all the other modules as
well. Finally, the QA should also carry out a system testing.

How will you overcome the challenges faced due to the unavailability of
proper documentation for testing?
If the standard documents like System Requirement Specification or Feature
Description Document are not available, then QAs may have to rely on the following
references, if available.

 Screenshots
 A previous version of the application
 Wireframes

Another reliable way is to have discussions with the developer and the business
analyst. It helps in solving the doubts, and it opens a channel for bringing clarity on the
requirements. Also, the emails exchanged could be useful as a testing reference.

Smoke testing is yet another option that would help verify the main functionality of the
application. It would reveal some very basic bugs in the application. If none of these
work, then we can just test the application from our previous experiences.

Is there any difference between retesting and regression testing?

Possible differences between retesting and regression testing are as follows:

 We perform retesting to verify the defect fixes. But, the regression testing

assures that the bug fix does not break other parts of the application.
 Regression test cases verify the functionality of some or all modules.
 Regression testing ensures the re-execution of passed test cases.
Whereas, retesting involves the execution of test cases that are in a failed state.
 Retesting has a higher priority over regression. But in some cases, both get
executed in parallel.
As per your understanding, list down the key challenges of software
testing.
Following are some of the key challenges of software testing:

 The lack of availability of standard documents to understand the application

 Lack of skilled testers
 Understanding the requirements: Testers require good listening and
understanding capabilities to be able to communicate with the customers the
application requirements.
 The decision-making ability to analyze when to stop testing
 Ability to work under time constraints
 Ability to decide which tests to execute first
 Testing the entire application using an optimized number of test cases

What are the different types of functional testing?

Functional testing covers the following types of validation techniques:

 Unit testing
 Smoke testing
 UAT
 Sanity testing
 Interface testing
 Integration testing
 System testing
 Regression testing
What are functional test cases and non-functional test cases?

 Functional testing: It is testing the ‘functionality’ of a software or an application

under test. It tests the behavior of the software under test. Based on the
requirement of the client, a document called a software specification or requirement
specification is used as a guide to test the application.
 Non-functional testing: In software terms, when an application works as per the
user’s expectation, smoothly and efficiently under any condition, then it is stated as
a reliable application. Based on quality, it is very critical to test these parameters.
This type of testing is called non-functional testing.

What do you understand by STLC?

Software testing life cycle (STLC) proposes the test execution in a planned and
systematic manner. In the STLC model, many activities occur to improve the quality of
the product.

The STLC model lays down the following steps:

1. Requirement Analysis
2. Test Planning
3. Test Case Development
4. Environment Setup
5. Test Execution
6. Test Cycle Closure
In software testing, what does a fault mean?
Fault is a condition that makes the software fail to execute while performing the
considered function.

Difference between Bug, Defect, and Error.

A slip in coding is indicated as an error. The error spotted by a manual tester becomes
a defect. The defect which the development team admits is known as a bug. If a built
code misses on the requirements, then it is a functional failure.

How do severity and priority relate to each other?

Severity: It represents the gravity/depth of a bug. It describes the application point of
view.

Priority: It specifies which bug should get fixed first. It defines the user’s point of view.

List the different types of severity.

The criticality of a bug can be low, medium, or high depending on the context.

 User interface defects – Low

 Boundary related defects – Medium
 Error handling defects – Medium
 Calculation defects – High
 Misinterpreted data – High
 Hardware failures – High
 Compatibility issues – High
 Control flow defects – High
 Load conditions – High
What do you mean by defect detection percentage in software testing?
Defect detection percentage (DDP) is a type of testing metric. It indicates the
effectiveness of a testing process by measuring the ratio of defects discovered before
the release and reported after the release by customers.

What does defect removal efficiency mean in software testing?

Defect removal efficiency (DRE) is one of the testing metrics. It is an indicator of the
efficiency of the development team to fix issues before the release.

It gets measured as the ratio of defects fixed to total the number of issues discovered.

What is the average age of a defect in software testing?

Defect age is the time elapsed between the day the tester discovered a defect and the
day the developer got it fixed.

While estimating the age of a defect, consider the following points:

 The day of birth of a defect is the day it got assigned and accepted by the
development team.
 The issues which got dropped are out of the scope.
 Age can be both in hours or days.
 The end time is the day the defect got verified and closed, not just the day it got
fixed by the development team.

How do you perform automated testing in your environment?

Automation testing is a process of executing tests automatically. It reduces the human
intervention to a great extent. We use different test automation tools like QTP,
Selenium, and WinRunner. Testing tools help in speeding up the testing tasks. These
tools allow you to create test scripts to verify the application automatically and also to
generate the test reports.
Is there any difference between quality assurance, quality control, and
software testing. If so, what is it?
Quality Assurance (QA) refers to the planned and systematic way of monitoring the
quality of the process which is followed to produce a quality product. QA tracks the test
reports and modifies the process to meet the expectation.

Quality Control (QC) is relevant to the quality of the product. QC not only finds the
defects but suggests improvements too. Thus, a process that is set by QA is
implemented by QC. QC is the responsibility of the testing team.

Software testing is the process of ensuring that the product which is developed by
developers meets the users’ requirements. The aim of performing testing is to find bugs
and make sure that they get fixed. Thus, it helps to maintain the quality of the product to
be delivered to the customer.

Tell me about some of the essential qualities an experienced QA or Test

Lead must possess.
A QA or Test Lead should have the following qualities:

1. Well-versed in software testing processes

2. Ability to accelerate teamwork to increase productivity
3. Improve coordination between QA and Dev engineers
4. Provide ideas to refine QA processes
5. Skill to conduct RCA meetings and draw conclusions
6. Excellent written and interpersonal communication skills
7. Ability to learn fast and to groom the team members
What is a Silk Test and why should you use it?
Here are some facts about the Silk Test tool:

1. Skill tool is developed for performing regression and functionality testing of an

application.
2. It is used when we are testing Window-based, Java, web, and the traditional
client/server applications.
3. Silk Test helps in preparing the test plan and managing it to provide direct
accessing of the database and validation of the field.

On the basis of which factors you would consider choosing automated

testing over manual testing?
Choosing automated testing over manual testing depends on the following
factors:

1. Tests require periodic execution.

2. Tests include repetitive steps.
3. Tests execute in a standard runtime environment.
4. Automation is expected to take less time.
5. Automation is increasing reusability.
6. Automation reports are available for every execution.
7. Small releases like service packs include a minor bug fix. In such cases,
executing the regression test is sufficient for validation.
Tell me the key elements to consider while writing a bug report.
An ideal bug report should consist of the following key points:

 A unique ID
 Defect description: A short description of the bug
 Steps to reproduce: They include the detailed test steps to emulate the issue.
They also provide the test data and the time when the error has occurred
 Environment: Add any system settings that could help in reproducing the issue
 Module/section of the application in which the error has occurred
 Severity
 Screenshots
 Responsible QA: This person is a point of contact in case you want to follow-up
regarding this issue

Is there any difference between bug leakage and bug release?

Bug leakage: Bug leakage is something, when the bug is discovered by the end
user/customer and missed by the testing team to detect while testing the software. It is
a defect that exists in the application and not detected by the tester, which is eventually
found by the customer/end user.

Bug release: A bug release is when a particular version of the software is released with
a set of known bug(s). These bugs are usually of low severity/priority. It is done when a
software company can afford the existence of bugs in the released software but not the
time/cost for fixing it in that particular version.
What is the difference between performance testing and monkey
testing?
Performance testing checks the speed, scalability, and/or stability characteristics of a
system. Performance is identified with achieving response time, throughput, and
resource-utilization levels that meet the performance objectives for a project or a
product.

Monkey testing is a technique in software testing where the user tests the application by
providing random inputs, checking the behavior of the application (or trying to crash the
application).

What is exploratory testing?

Exploratory testing is an approach to software testing, wherein testers learn
simultaneously about the test design and test execution. In other words, it is a hands-on
approach where testers are involved more in the test execution part than in planning.

What is meant by system testing?

System testing is a black-box testing technique, used on a complete integrated system,
where it will test the system compliance as per the requirement.

What are the benefits of test reports?

Test reports will help us find the current status of a project and its quality. This can help
stakeholders and customers take necessary actions. The complete documentation of
test reports will help analyze different phases of the project.

What is meant by latent defect?

A latent defect is a hidden defect in an application/software, which cannot be identified
by a user. However, this will not cause any failure to the application because the
conditions will never be met.