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Aurora State College of Technology

This document contains an 8 question chemistry exam covering topics such as: 1) Isomers of C2H2Cl2 including their structures, polarities, and energy required for isomerization. 2) Reaction of gaseous fluorine with a compound to form a product with a given mass percent composition, including determining formulas, geometry, and enthalpy change. 3) Equilibrium involving a system of 3 bulbs containing gases and changes upon opening stopcocks. 4) Conversions between temperature scales and using the van der Waals equation. 5) Properties of the mineral wustite and related calculations. The exam was prepared by an instructor at the

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55 views4 pages

Aurora State College of Technology

This document contains an 8 question chemistry exam covering topics such as: 1) Isomers of C2H2Cl2 including their structures, polarities, and energy required for isomerization. 2) Reaction of gaseous fluorine with a compound to form a product with a given mass percent composition, including determining formulas, geometry, and enthalpy change. 3) Equilibrium involving a system of 3 bulbs containing gases and changes upon opening stopcocks. 4) Conversions between temperature scales and using the van der Waals equation. 5) Properties of the mineral wustite and related calculations. The exam was prepared by an instructor at the

Uploaded by

MaximoMateoMarte
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Republic of the Philippines

AURORA STATE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY


Brgy. Zabali, Baler, Aurora

FINAL EXAMINATION IN CHEM101 LEC – CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

DIRECTION: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Points are indicated for each
questions. Please observe time required for the exam. Topics covered are final term
chapters (40%) and prelim and midterm chapters (60%).

1. Just as individual bonds in a molecule are often polar, molecules as a whole are
also often polar because of the net sum of individual bond polarities. There are
three possible structures for substances with the formula C 2H2Cl2, two of which
are polar overall and one of which is not.
(a) Draw the three possible structures for C2H2Cl2, predict an overall shape for
each, and explain how they differ.
(b) Which of the three structures is nonpolar, and which two are polar? Explain.
(c) Two of the three structures can be interconverted by a process called cis–
trans isomerization, in which rotation around the central carbon–carbon bond
takes place when the molecules are irradiated with ultraviolet light. If light with a
wavelength of approximately 200 nm is required for isomerization, how much
energy in kJ/mol is involved?
(d) Sketch the orbitals involved in the central carbon–carbon bond, and explain
why so much energy is necessary for bond rotation to occur.

2. Reaction of gaseous fluorine with compound X yields a single product Y, whose


mass percent composition is 61.7% F and 38.3% Cl.
(a) What is a probable molecular formula for product Y, and what is a probable
formula for X?
(b) Draw an electron-dot structure for Y, and predict the geometry around the
central atom.
(c) Calculate ∆H° for the synthesis of Y using the following information
2 ClF(g) + O2(g)  Cl2O(g) + OF2(g) ∆H° = +205.4 kJ
2 ClF3(l) + 2 O2(g)  Cl2O(g) + 3 OF2(g) ∆H° = +532.8 kJ
OF2(g) ∆Hf° = +24.5 kJ/mol
(d) How much heat in kilojoules is released or absorbed in the reaction of 25.0 g
of X with a stoichiometric amount of F2, assuming 87.5% yield for the reaction?

3. The apparatus shown consists of three temperature jacketed 1.000-L bulbs


connected by stopcocks. Bulb A contains a mixture of H 2O(g), CO2(g), and N2(g) at
25 °C and a total pressure of 564 mm Hg. Bulb B is empty and is held at a
temperature of -70 °C. Bulb C is also empty and is held at a temperature of -190
°C. The stopcocks are closed, and the volume of the lines connecting the bulbs is
zero. CO2 sublimes at -78 °C, and N2 boils at -196 °C.

(a) The stopcock between A and B is opened, and the system is allowed to come
to equilibrium. The pressure in A and B is now 219 mm Hg. What do bulbs A and
B contain?
(b) How many moles of H2O are in the system?
(c) Both stopcocks are opened, and the system is again allowed to come to
equilibrium. The pressure throughout the system is 33.5 mm Hg. What do bulbs
A, B, and C contain?
(d) How many moles of N2 are in the system?
(e) How many moles of CO2 are in the system?

4. The Rankine temperature scale used in engineering is to the Fahrenheit scale as


the Kelvin scale is to the Celsius scale. That is, 1 Rankine degree is the same size
as 1 Fahrenheit degree, and 0 °R = absolute zero.
(a) What temperature corresponds to the freezing point of water on the Rankine
scale?
(b) What is the value of the gas constant R on the Rankine scale in
(L.atm)/(1°R.mol)?
(c) Use the van der Waals equation to determine the pressure inside a 400.0-mL
vessel that contains 2.50 mol of CH4 at a temperature of 525 °R. For CH4, a=
2.253 (L2.atm)/mol2 and b = 0.04278 L/mol.

5. The mineral wustite is a nonstoichiometric iron oxide with the empirical formula
FexO, where x is a number slightly less than 1. Wustite can be regarded as an
FeO in which some of the Fe sites are vacant. It has a density of 5.75 g/cm 3, a
cubic unit cell with an edge length of 431 pm, and a face-centered cubic
arrangement of oxygen atoms.
(a) What is the value of x in the formula FexO?
(b) Based on the formula in part (a), what is the average oxidation state of Fe?
(c) Each Fe atom in wustite is in either the +2 or the +3 oxidation state. What
percent of the Fe atoms are in the +3 oxidation state?
(d) Using X rays with a wavelength of 70.93 pm, at what angle would third-order
diffraction be observed from the planes of atoms that coincide with the faces of
the unit cells? Third-order diffraction means that the value of n in the Bragg
equation is equal to 3. Please look for the Bragg equation.
(e) Wustite is a semiconducting iron(II) oxide in which some of the Fe2+ has
been replaced by Fe3+. Should it be described as an n-type or a p-type
semiconductor? Explain.

6. Trouton’s rule says that the ratio of the molar heat of vaporization of a liquid to
its normal boiling point (in kelvin) is approximately the same for all liquids:
∆Hvap/Tbp ≈88 J/(K.mol)
(a) Check the reliability of Trouton’s rule for the liquids listed in the following
table.
(b) Explain why liquids tend to have the same value of ∆H vap/Tbp?
(c) Which of the liquids in the table deviate(s) from Trouton’s rule? Explain.

7. Citric acid has three dissociable hydrogens. When 5.00 mL of 0.64 M citric acid
and 45.00 mL of 0.77 M NaOH are mixed at an initial temperature of 26.0 °C, the
temperature rises to 27.9 °C as the citric acid is neutralized. The combined
mixture has a mass of 51.6 g and a specific heat of 4.0 J/(g.°C). Assuming that
no heat is transferred to the surroundings, calculate the enthalpy change for the
reaction of 1.00 mol of citric acid in kJ. Is the reaction exothermic or
endothermic?
8. A humidity sensor consists of a cardboard square that is colored blue in dry
weather and red in humid weather. The color change is due to the reaction:

CoCl2(s) + 6 H2O(g) ↔ [Co(H2O)6]Cl2(s)


Blue Red

For this reaction at 25 °C, ∆H° = -352 kJ/mol and ∆S° = -899 J/(K.mol).
Assuming that ∆H° and ∆S° are independent of temperature, what is the vapor
pressure of
water (in mm Hg) at equilibrium for the above reaction at 35 °C on a hot
summer day?

Prepared by:

MAXIMO M. MARTE, JR.


Instructor

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