Differential Equation

levet I 17. y mx, where mis a parameter.

18. y + Bsinx, where A and Bare parameters.
=
(Problems based on Fundamentals) Acosx
Find the order and the degree of each of the following dif- 19. y at! + be-x, where a and b are. parameters.
=

ferential equations:
=

20. y sin(bx + c), b and c being parameters.

d 2y 21. y ae2x + be3x, where a and b are parameters.
=

1. dx2 + 4y = 0
=

22. Find the differential equation of all circles touching

dy dx the
2. (-) +-= 2 (a) x-axis at the origin.
2

dx dy .
(b) y-axis at the origin.
d2y ·dy 2
3. ( ) + xy
dx2 + dx
0 23. Obtain the differential equation of all circles of the
radius r.
=

24. Find the differential equation of all the circles in the

4. v1 + (:r= �c- � first quadrant which touch the co-ordinate axes.
25. Find the differential equation of all the circles
which pass through the origin and the centre lies on
5. 1
x +: v + (:r x-axis.
26. Find the differential equation of all non-vertical lines
=

dy -�dy 2 in a plane.
6. y ( )
X dx + a·vl + \�)
27. Find the differential equation bf all the parabolas with
=

d4 the latus rectum 4a and whose axes are parallel to

7. y4 + sin ( d3 ) 0 the x-axis.
dx dx3
y

28. Find the differential equation of all the ellipses having

=

d2y dy _ . d2y foci on the x-axis and the centre at the origin.
8. ( -r + (-r -x sm ( - l
dx2 dx dx2 29. Find the differential equation of the family of
dy parabolas having vertex at the origin and the axis
9. e-;i; (x + 1) along positive y-axis.
30. Find the differential equation of the family of curves
=

10. sin(:) + cos(:) x y2 = 2c(x + .,,/c).

31. Find the order and the degree of the differential
=

equation of all parabolas whose axis of symmetry is

11. Find the differential equation of all non-vertical Jines parallel to x-axis.
in a plane.
12. Find the differential equation of the family of
parabolas having vertex at the origin and the axis dy
32. Solve: dx = --.
x2 � 1
along positive x-axis. X2 +l
13. Find the differential equation of the family of all dy l .
circles, whose centre lies on x-axis and touches the 33. Solve:
dx
<f + 1
y-axis at the origin.
=

d
14. Find the differential equation of all parabolas 34. So1ve: y = cos2x - cosx
dx
whose axes are parallel to the x-axis and have latus
1 - cosx
rectum 4a. dy l
35. Solve: dx 4
15. Find the differential equation corresponding to the
=

family of curves y = c(x - c/, where c is an arbitrary

x(x + 1)

constant. dy '-lsinx
36. Solve: dx
16. Find the differential equation of the system of smx cosx
= .. ·

. x2 y2
elhpses 2 + 2 1, where a and b are arbitrary dy .. x2
37. Solve:
dx (3 + 2x)2'
=
=
constants.
a b
1
 Differential Equation

dy 1 - -../x 61. Solve: (x2 - yti)dy;+ 07i +.xy2)dx = 0;;

38. Solve: = �
dx . 1 + -../x.
dy
39. Solve: = (-vtanx +-vcotx). dy
• dx 62. Solve: = (x + y + 1) 2.
dy 1. dx
40. Solve: dx = . .
3
sm x + cos3 x dy
63. Solve: dx = sin(x +y)+cos(x +y).
dy 1
41. Solve: - = -----.
dx (Vsinx + --./cosx)4
64. Solve: (x + y)(dx -dy) = (dx +dy).

65. Solve: tany: = sin(x + y) +sin(x - y).

dy . .
42. Solve: dx = 1 +x + y + xy. dy
66. Solve: dx - xtany (y- x) = 1.
43. Solve: : = c-Y +x2-e-Y. dy (x - y) + 3
67. Solve: =
dx 2(x _ y).+ 5"
44. Solve: 3e xtanydx +(1 - C)sec2 ydy = 0. ·
. . .• . 68. Solve: (x +y)(dx -dy) = dx +dy.
dy
45. Solve: �1 +x2 + y2 + x2y2 + xy dx = 0. .
dy
69. Solve: = sec(x +y).
dy siny + cosy dx
46. Solve: . 70. Solve: sin-1(!) = x + y.
dx = x(2logx + 1)

dy
47. So1 ve.. x dy dx )·.'
dx = a (y2 + dy 71. Solve: dx = cos(x +y +1).

y dy
48. Solve: xy2 d = 1 - x2 + y2 - x2y2. 72. Solve: (x2 + 2xy +y2 +1) = 2(x +y).
dx dx
dy
dy 73. Solve: = sm(l0x + 6y).
49. Solve: (x + l) = 2xy. dx
d.t

50. Solve: sec xtanydx + sec2ytanxdy = 0. y dy 2 (x2 +y2) .:_ 1 .

x
2
dx ,. x2 +y2 +1
74. Solve: + = 0.
51. Solve: (1 +e )dy + (1 +
2x
y 2)cdx = 0.
y
52. Solve: d = c+Y + x2e· 75. Solve: (x3 +y3)dy- x2ydx = 0.
' dx
53. Solve: y�l+x2 + x�l +x2 dy = 0.
dx
76. Solve: xdy -ydx = �x2 + ldx.
77. Solve: (x2 - y2)dx = 2xydy.
54. Solve: �1 + x2 dy +�1+y2dx = 0.
78. Solve: (1 +2c1Y )dx +2e X1Y (l - xly)dy = 0.
55. Solve: �1 + x2 +y2 +x2y2 + xy = 0.
.
dy
79. Solve: x(! + 1) ;:,,y(l - !).
56. Solve: xy dx + 1 +x +y+xy = 0.
80. Solve:
. x dy = x + y.
dx
57. Solve: (1 + x)(l +y2)dx +(1 + y) (l + x2)dy = 0.
dy y-x
81. Solve: - = y--.
58. Solve: x�l - y2 dx +y�l - x2 dy = 0. dx +X
dy
59. Solve: (y - x !) = a(l+,:). 82. Solve: 2xy = .r2 +y2 .
dx
dy l+y2 83. Solve: (y2 - 2xy)dx = (x2 - 2xy)dy.
60. Solve: xy = . x2 (l +x+ x2).
dx 1 +
2
 Differential Equation

84.. Solve: x2ydx - (x + y )dy

3
0. dy y
x=
3
= 3
107. Solve: dx + x .
85. Solve: (x3 - 3xy2 )dx = (y3 - 3x2y)dy.
dy
• 108. Solve: dx = ytanx - 2sinx.
dy
86. Solve: dx = x -y;:-
y .�1.
dy y
109. Solve: dx - x = 2x2.
87. Solve: : = i + sin(;). 2
dy
110. Solve: xlogx dx + y = logx. x
. dy
88. Solve: x dx = y - xtan x . (Y) 111. Solve: ydx -(x + 2y2 )dy = 0.
dx 112. Solve: ydx + (x - l)dy = 0.
89. Solve: (1 + eJ) + eJ ( 1- �)dy = 0.
dy
BWIIMl�lfiliiiWlt.:ilf-,lliilir 113. Solve: x - ay = x + 1.
dx
dy X+ 2y t 3 · dy
90. Solve: dx =
x . 114. Solve: (x + 1) dx - ny = �(x + l)n+ 1 .
2 + 3y + 4
dy (x + y)2 115. Solve: (1 + y2)dx = (tan-1y - x)dx.
91. Solve: dx =
(x + 2)(y _ 2)'
116. Solve: (x + 3y + 2): = 1.
93. Solve: (x + 2y + 3)dx = (2x + 3y + 4)dy.
dy x+2y-5 117. Solve: (1 + y2)dx = (xy + y3 + y)dy.
94. Solve: dx = 2x .
+ y ;;_ 4
:�ill)l illlftfi.....,
1

dy 4x+6y-5
95. Solve: dx = . dy y y
6x + 9y + 7 118. Solve: dx + xlogx = 2(1ogy)2.
x
dy 6x- 2y - 7
96. Solve: = . dy 2 6.
119. Solve: dx + xy = .ry
dx 3x-y+ 4

dy sin2 y
120. Solve: +- - = x3 cos2 y.
97. Solve: ydx - xdy + lnxdx = 0. dx x

dy
98. Solve: x2: - 3.xy = 4x4 + 2x2. 121. Solve: dx - x3 y2 + xy = 0.

dy
99. Solve: dx = ytanx - smx. 122. Solve: (1 - x 2): + xy = xy2•

dy
dy
100. Solve: xlogx dx + y =
2
:xiogx.
123. Solve: x dx + y = x3 y6.

101. Solve: xdx = (i - y )dy. 124. Solve: (1 + .r2)

dy
dx
+ y = etan x_
-l

dy dy
102. Solve: (x + 3y + 2) = 1. 125. Solve: dx (x2y3 + xy) = 1.
dx
dy 126. Solve: (ylogx - l)ydx = xdy
103. Solve: dx + 2y = e3x.
d
dy 127. Solve: ; = x2y3 - xy
104. Solve: x dx = x + y.
dy xy
128. Solve: dx + --·2 = x...Jy.
105. Solve: x: + y = x�. dy Y
1-x
Y
129. Solve: dx + x·logy = x2(1ogy)2
dy
106. Solve: x dx + y = xlogx.
3
 Differential Equation

. dy 1 . .
130. Solve: dx + x·sm2y = x3·cos2y. = (2xy + sinX· cosec2y)
dy 2x-3y + 1
11 131. Solve: (xy -e ) dx-xy dy
2 ll1 2
= 0. 158. Solve: = ( ).
dx 3x _ 2y _ 2
dy
132. Solve: + x(x + y) = x3 cx + y)3-1. 159. Solve: x(dy + dx) = y(dx-dy).
dx

160. Solve: x(tan-1x-logx)dy + y dx = (� )dx.

1 + X2
133. Solve: xdx + ydy = xdy-ydx . 161. Solve: x(dy-xdx ) + ydx = 0.
134. Solve: xdy-ydx = x4dx. dy
y-x
135. Solve: xdy + ydx = sinydy. l
dx 1
162. Solve: = 2 + 2.
Solve: xdy + ydx + y2(xdy-ydx ) = 0. dy X y
136. y + x-
137. Solve: xdy + ydx + xy2dx-iydy = 0. dx

138. Solve: (4x-3y)dx + (2y-3x)dy = 0. 163. Solve: x2ydy-xy2dx = x4dy + x3 ydx.

164. Solve: dx + x(ydx + xdy) = e-ey dx.
139. Solve: (siny + ysinx + ¼ )dx.
165. Solve: y(y2dx + (x2 dy-xydx)) = e-Y dy.
+ (xcosy-cosx + ½}dy = 0.
166. Solve: ydx-xdy + xy dx = 0. 2

140. Solve:
xdx + ydy
�x2
+ y2
=
ydx-xdy
x2
. 167. Solve: 2(x-y !)cx2 + y2) = (x2-y2)(y-x :J
168. Solve: (x2 + y2 + a2 )ydy = (x2 + y2-a2 )xdx.
sin2x
141. Solve: ( - - + x) dx + ( y
Y
-7
sin x dy
2
) = 0.
169. Solve: (1 + xy)ydx + x(l -xy)d y = 0.
dy · xdy y
X+ Y y4 170. Solve:x2 2 = (x. -1) dx .
dy = x2 + 2y2 + 2. 2 + y2
dx
142. Solve: +y
y-x- X
dy
X+y
dx

y
4
2.
dy a (xt-y) = x + 2y + ·
dx
2
171. Solve:
dy 2 ;
143. Solve: x + y = . y-x-
dx x2 + y2 dx

172. Solve: xdx + ydy = m(xdy-ydx).

144. Solve: xdx + ydy = (x2 + y2)ydy.
145. Solve: (x + y)dx + (x-y)dy = 0. dy
x+ Y xsin2 (x2 + y2)
146. Solve: ydx + x(x-l)dy = 0. 173. Solve: dx
dy
=
147. Solve: ydx + x(l-xy)dy = 0. y-x
dx .
148. Solve: (x + y)(dx-dy) = (dx + dy). d
149. Solve: dx + dy = xdy + ydx. dy
az (x y - y)
174. Solve: x + y
dx
= .
150. Solve: xdy-ydx = <J- + y2)dx.
dx x2 + y2 ·

xdx + ydy a2-x2-y2

151. Solve:(¼+ ½)(xdy + ydx) = dx + dy. 175. Solve:
X d y-y dx
= 2 2
r+y
152. Solve: (xdy + ydx)�x2 + y = x2ydx + xy dy.
I + x2 - y'
2 2
xdx-ydy
176. Solve: � 2 2 .
153. Solve: (x-x3)dy = y(dx + x2dy). Xdy-ydx
=
r-y
154. Solve: (x + 2y)dy + ydx = 0.
155. Solve: (x + siny)dy + ydx = 0. 177. Solve: sin(�)(ydx-xdy) = xy2 (xdy + ydx).
156. Solve: e dx + (xeY-2y)dy = 0. 178. Solve: xdy + ydx + y2(xdy-ydx) = 0.
157. Solve: 2ydy + (cosx·co ty-y2)dx. 179. Solve: (4x3 + �siny)dx + �cosydy = 0. 4
 Differential Equation

209. Solve: (y + l) P - xr + 2 = 0.
180. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of the 210. Solve: siny-cosPx - cosy-sin Px - P = 0.
straight lines which are passing through the origin.
211. Solve: (x - a)r + (x - y)P - y = 0.
1f1. Determine the 45° trajectories of the family of
concentric circles J- + y2 = a2 • 212. Solve: y = px + a�l + p2 .
182. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of the a
213. Solve: y = P(x - b) + p·
curves aJ- + y2 = 1.
183. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the circles
J- + y2 - ay = 0, where a is a parameter.
r.:
184. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of Differential equation is the form d2y
d:x2 = f(x)
2
parabolas y = 4ax, where a is a parameter.
d2y
185. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of 214. Solve: d:x2 = x + sinx.
rectangular hyperbola xy = c2 •
186. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of d2y
curves r2 - y2 =. c2. 215. Solve: d:x2 = e2x + ff+ 2014.

d2y
216. Solve: d:x2 = sin2x.
187. Solve: (x + y + p)(2x + p) = 0.
188. Solve: p2 -p(l! + e-x) + 1 = 0. d2y
189. Solve: p2 + 2pycotx = y2.
217. Solve: d:x2 = cos3x.
190. Solve: p2 -px - xy - l = 0. d2y 1
19L Solve: p2y + (x - y)p - x = 0. 218. Solve: - = ---.
d:x2 sin xcos2x
2

192. Solve: (p - l)xy = (J- - y )p.

2 2

d2y
193. Solve: xyp2 - (} + y2)p + xy = 0. 219. Solve: d:x2 = sin4x + cos4x.
d2y
220. Solve: - = xl!.

Z
194. Solve: px -'- yp2 = ap.
dx2
195. Solve: y = 2px + y2p3 .
Differential equation of the form = f(y)
196. Solve: y21og y = x yp + p2.
1 97. Solve: p2 y + 2px = y . d2y
221. Solve: d:x2 + y = 0 ..
198. Solve: p 3
- 4x yp + 8p2 = 0.

d:x2 = l.1
199. Solve: y p = 2p x + y p4.
2 2
d2y
222. Solve:
200. Solve: xp - y p - p + 1
2
= 0.

223. Solve: d:x2 = 41

d2y
.
201. Solve: y = (1 + p)x + ap . 2
--/Y
202. Solve: = yp2 + 2px.
y
224. Solve: a2 d2y - y = 0.
1
203. y = 2px + tan- (xp2). dx2
204. J-p4 + 2xp = y.
d:x2 ,_ eZy
225. Solve._dzy_

------
205. y + px = x4p2.
206. y = psin p + cosp. 226. Solve: 2 d:x2
d2y .2,
= 3y

207. Solve: (y + l)P - xP2 + 2 0. dy

=
(-2) = -1, ( ) = -1,
208. Solve: F3x - P2y - 1 = 0.
y
dx x=-2
5
 Differential Equation

242. A curve passes through (2, 0) and the slope of llil

(x + 1)2 + y - 3
tangent at P(x, y) is
dy (x + l)
y(l) = -1, (d ) · = 0. Find the equation of the curve.

<p(Z, t)
X x=-1
243. A curve Chas the property that if the tangent drawm
Differential equation is the form 0 at any point P on C meets the co-ordinate axes· at.I
and B, P is the mid-point of AB. The curve pasSU!
=

d2y dy through the point (1, 1). Determine the equation lol
228. Solve: x + 0.
dx2 + dx x = the curve.
244, A curve passing tJu:ough the point (1, 1) ha�>;tJ:I
d y 1 dy property that the perpendicular distance of the orijl
2
229. Solve: = dx + x.
x
dx2 from the normal at any point P of the curve is �yai1
to the distance of P from the x-axis, Determine ·­
230. Solve: y
d 2y
+ (dydx)2 = 1. equation of the curve..
dx2 245. If the length of the tangent at any point on the CUTVI
d y
2
dy 2
y y = f(x) intercepted between the point and tlie x-lOOI
231. Solve: y - (dx) =y
2
(d ) is of length 1. Find the equation of the curve.
dx2 dx .
246. At any point (x, y) of a curve, the slope of the tangell
dy dy is twice the slope of the line segment joining the. polil
2 2
232. Solve: (x + a)
dx2
+ x (dx) = dx).
(dy
of contact to the point (-4, -3). Find the equation,l'.i
the curve, given that it passes through (-2, 1).
dy 1 dy 2 dy 247. The ordinate and the normal at any point P on tlil
2
233. Solve: x - 4 (dx) ( ).
dx2
=
dx curve meet the x-axis at points A and B respestivel!
Find the equation of thefamily of the curves sati$ffl
dy
2
dy 2 ing the condition AB is the AM of abscissa and :tffl
234. Solve: y = 1 - (dx ) .
dx2 ordinate of P.
248. Find the nature of the curve for which the lenl:ffl
d 2y dy of the normal at any point P is equal to the radii
235. Solve: = 2y (dx ).
dx2 vector.

d 2y dy dy
236. Solve: y
2
- (dx) = y2.( ) .
dx2 dx
d2y 1 dy . a
237. Solve: + x ( dx) - 2 .
0
=
dx2 x
d2y dy 2
238. Solve: y ln = .
( .
dx2 - dx y dy
( )
dx )
y

1-111-
239. The slope of the curve at any point is the reciprocal
of twice the ordinate at the point. The curve passes
through the point (4, 3).
Find the· equation of the curve.
240. Find the equation of the curve whose slope at
any point is y + 2x and which · passes through the
origin.
241. Find the equation of the curve which passes through
the origin and the tangent to which at every point
(x; y) has slope equal to
x4+2xy-1
x2 + 1 6
 Differential Equation
Solutions

8. We have, dy
X +y a.
=
dx
Thus, the required differential equation is
So, the order i� 2 but the d�gree is not defined.
9. We have, (y :r +y = (x +y :r2

ea;= (x + 1)
dy
� 2xy: =y2- x2.
14. The equation of all parabolas whose axes parallel to
1 +( )+ ...
t ½'(tr+ ½'(tr+ x-axis is
So, the order is 1 and the degree is not defined. (y - k)2 = 4a(x - h)
10. We have, Here, h and k are two arbitrary constants.
Differentiating both sides, we get
sin(!)+ cos(!)
(y- k)
dy
= 2a ...(i)
dx
x((dy) _ .!., dy 3 .!...' dy 5 _ Differentiating again w.r.t. x, we get
... )
3· ( dx ) + 5' ( dx )
=
dx
0 ...(ii)
. d2y (dy)2
(y-
k) M + dx
1- - ...
=
1
¼
+ ( ½! (!)2+ (tr ¾, (tr+ ) =x Eliminating k from Eq. (i) and (ii), we get
So, the order is 1 and degree is not defined.
2a(�) +(tr= 0
11. Let the equation of the family of non-vertical lines
in a plane is which is the required differential t;quation.
y = mx +c, 15. The given curve is
where m and c are arbitrary constants. y=c(x-c)2 ...(i)
Now
dy
= m and M = 0.
d2y Differentiating wx.t. x, we get
dx
From the above three equations, we should eliminate 2c(x - c) ...(ii)
dy
-=
dx
m.
Thus, the required differential equation is From Eq. (i) and (ii), we get,
C = iy (tr
-. =0.
d2y Put the value of c in Eq. (ii), we get
dx
2

12. Let the equatio11 of the parabola be

dy
=2
_ .1_ ( dy)2 (x _ .1_ (dy) ) z

y2 = 4ax.
dx 4y dx 4y dx

where a is an arbitr�ry constant1

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
2y = !(x- (tr) Jy

-(:r
dy
8y = 4xy:
2y dx = 4a 2

y dy which is the required differential equation.

2 dx = a 16. The given curve is
Thus, the required differential equation is
;+ =1 ...(i)
2
dy
2xy
2 y
y
dx' az b2
13. The equation of the circle be
=
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
(x - al + y2 = a ,
-+
2x --
2yy" =0
2

where a is an arbitrary constant.

� x2+y2 -2ax=O
z
a bz

- a 0
dy
� 2x + 2y
dx 2 =

7
 Differential Equation

Again differentiating w.r.t. x, we get =} y"(l -y2) + y(y')2 = 0

1 yy" (y')2 'd 2y (dy)2
-+- +-- =0
a b b ) y 0
(1 - y2 ax2 + dx =
2 2 2 =}

1 xyy" x(y')2 .
-+--+--=0
which is the required differential equation.
a2 b . b
=}
2 2
21. We have,
yy' xyy" x(y') 2

--+--+--=0 y = ae2x + be3x

.b b . b

z x(tr -y(!)
z z 2
.
- = 2ae + 3be
dy . . 2x 3x
dx
+ =
xy 0
=}

d 2y
- = 4ae
2x
+ 9be3x
which is the required differeq.tial equation. dx2
17. Given curve is
y=mx = 2 (2ae2x + 3be3x) + 3be3x
dy
-= m
dx
=}

d 2y dy· ·
y -= 2-+ 3be x
3

= ax2 dx
x
dy
which is the required differential equation. =2 + .3· (dy
dx - 2y )
18. Given curve is dx
y = Acosx + Bsinx
dy
=-Asinx + Bcosx
1 +(tr+ (y- a)(Z) 7 o
dx a2y·= dy
=}

.• - 5-�6y
d2y . ax2 dx.
=}

- = -Acosx -Bsinx = -y
dx2
=
=}

d2y •dy .
_-... - 5 -,- + 6y 0
ax2 dx
=}
Hence, the required· differential equation· is
d 2y
+y = O 22. Let the equation of the circle be
ax2 x2 � (y � a)i = a2
19. We have, x2+y2-2ay. = 0
y = alf + be-x
=}

dy
=} 2ir+ 2y dy - 2a dx = 0
dy = ae_x
- - be-X dx
dx
=}

dy dy
x+y--=a­
dx . dx
=}
a2y
= at! + be-x = y
ax2 dy
=}

x+y-
dx X + YYl
Hence, the required differential equation is a = ---=--...,..
dy
=}

d2y
Y1
-y = dx
ax2 O
Hence, the required differential equation is
20. We have,
y = sin(bx + c) =}
x2
+ l=2( :JI )y
y' = bcos(bx + c) dy
(x2 + l - 2y2) = 2xy
=}

dx
=}

=} y" =-b2sin(bx + c)
=-b2y
dy 2xy
=
y' )2 dx (x2-y2)
=}

=-
( 1 y2 y
� -
(b) Do yourself.
8
 Differential Equation

23. Let the equation of the circle be 2x., ,· 2y dy . '"

-+--=0
(x-h) + (y -k)2 =
2
r2 2
a b dx
2

where h and k are parameters but not r. X y dy

-+--=0
2 b dx
2
dy
a
� 2(x -h)+ 2(y-a) = 0 J_ J_ dy 2 .2'._ d2y
dx + ( ) + 2 =0
dy a2 b2 dx b dx2
� (x -h) + (y -k) =
dx 0 _
.2'._ dy + _!__ dy 2 .2'._ d2y 0

(:Y +
( ) + 2 =
b2x dx b2 dx b dx2
� 1+ (y � k) �. = o
_l dy +· dy 2 d2y
24. Let the equation of the circle be � ( ) +y =0
Xdx dx . dx2
(x-a) + (y -a)2 =
2
a2 which is the required differential equation.
� x2 + y2 -2a(x + y) + a2 =0 29. Let the equation of the parabola be
� 2x + 2y-2a(l + y 1 ) = 0 (x-h)2 = 4a(y -k)
� x + y-a(l + y 1 ) = 0
where h and k are parameters
dy
x +y � 2(x � h) = 4a
� a = -- dx
1 +.Y1

r
Hence, the required differential equation is � (x-h) :;,2a
dy

x2 + l - 2(;: � )<x + y) + (;: � = 0 d2y

1 = 2a -.-
dx

dx2
� (1 + y/(x2 + y2)-2(x + y)2 (1 + y 1 ) + (x+ y} = 0
2
d2y
- = 1
25. Do yourself 2a
26. Let the line be which is the required differential equation.
= mx+c 30. Given curve is.
y
dy
� -=m y2 = 2c(x + --fc)
dx
dy
�
d2y
=0
� 2y dx = 2c
dx2
dy
which is the required differential equation. ·
y dx = C
27. Let the equation of the parabola be
....
(y -k)2 = 4a(x - h), d zy dy z
� Y dx2 + ( dx ) = 0
where h and k are. parameters.

� 2(y -k): = 4a which is the required differential equation.

31. Do yourself.
. dy 32. Given differential equation is
� (y � k) dx = 2a .
x2-1
dy = .
x2 + l dx
� ( _
y k) � + (:r = o Integrating, we get
-l
d2y dy 3 Jdy= Jx2 dx
� 2a-+ (. -) =0 x2 + 1
dx2 dx
which is the required differential equation � y = J(l-=1)dx
28. Let the equation of the ellipse be x2 + 1
1
= x-2tan- x + c
x2 y
-+-= 1
a 2
b2 which is the required solution.
9
 Differential Equation

33 .. Given differential equationis

1
1 log -- + C
=-
4 · x4x4
+l I I
dy which is the requited solution.
=
+l
dx
ff

Integrating, we get 36. The given differential equation is

1
Idy = -::x--dx
e + 1, dy = 1smx dx
dx sinxcosx
.y =. I ((e + J) - ffff + l)dx
X
, .

=> dy = _1smx dx
smxcosx
y= IU :,�)dx Integrating, we · get
= x-Joglff + H+
ay = I. ·. sinxcosx
C,
I 1smx dx
which is the requited solution.
· 34. The given differential equation is
cos2.x- cosx
dy =�----
=>
y
= I sinxcosx
1smx dx
dx 1 - cosx
= f sec2x dx
=> d = (cos2x- cosx dx '\/tanx
y . 1....:. cosx )
(Dividing the numerator and the denuminator by
Integrating, we get cos2x)
cosx
f dy = f cos12x- -cosx dx => y = 2 '\/tanx + C
which is the general solution.
I,
(2cosx + 1)(1 - cosx)
y = - . ------dx . .
37. The given differential equation is
. . (1 - cosx)
dy = x\3x + 2x)2
dx
= -f (2cosx + l)ch
=> y = ---dx
x2
=-(2 sinx +x) + c d (3 + 2x)2
which is the requited solution of the given differential Integrating, we get
equation. 2
35. The given differential equation is Id -f X dx
y - (3 + 2.x)2
dy = .!. (x4 + 1)

=>
dx X
dy dx
y- I x2dx
- (3 + 2x)2
x.(x + 1)
= 4
Let 3+2x=t
Integrating, we get

fay f dx
x(x4 + l)
=

=I. x dx
=- I (r.-..
1 --
8 . t
3 )2 dt
=>
3

y x\x4 + 1)
=
½H
1
-tr dt

=½f(1-%+�)dt

= ½ (1 - 6logt- ½) + C

1 log --.-. + C
=-
4 t+
. 1 I,I =½( (3 +2x)-6}og(3 + 2x)- ; 2,x)) +C
(3 10
 Differential Equation

which is the required differential equation. Let sinx - cosx t

38. The given differential equation is
=

(cosx + sinx)dx dt
vx
= il -
:::} =

Also, 1 - sin2x = t 2
dx
dy t+vx
sin2x 1-?

:!dx
=
=
:::}

= �J_!!!_
fi
dy
:::}

Integrating, we. get

�1-?
= � sin�1 (t)+ c_
Jdy..= Jffi vx
-. -dx
1 + vx = � sin-1 (sin.x.·77' cosx) + c
which is the required differential equation.
f l - vx
Y=J �.l ' dx +vx
40. The given diff�rential equation is • ,
.,
dy = 1
:::}

Lei x = cos228 J; •.sin3x + cos3x

dx = -2sin 4l}d8 dy-- dx .
' ' -1 (

sin x +. cos3x
:::}

Integrating, we get
:::}
3

Integrating, we get
=J l- cos2.� x -2sin48d8
J ..

Y · · 1 + co,s28 .
:::}

= Jtm8X -2sin48d8
J dy = J-sin__x_:_:c-o�s -x
3 3

= -2 Jcos28(1 - cos2�)d8,
= J sm. x dx+ cos. x3 3'

= ..::.2 J(2'cos28- 1- cos49)d8 =

r (sinx + cos��� - sinxC6'sx)
sin48
= -2 sm28,- 8 - - - ) +,·c 1J . .2 , . . sinx + cosx dx
• I • •
•

( . .. 4 ( + )
3 (sin'x ;+ cosx_) (1 - sinxcosx)
=
.
= (-2sin28+ 28.+ siI12;8cos28)+ c
.
' '<

2J, dx ',
= -2.../1 - X. + COS-IVX + VX(l -· X) + C
=
3 (sinx + cosx).
which is the required.soliition of the given differential
l sinx + cosx
equation. ·. dx
39. The given differential equation· is
. ,
+
3 J (1 - sinxcosx)
· dy =: (:vtartx
. � r.;:;:-:;: + -vcotx)
dx
r=::7.:

dy = (vtanx. + vcotx) dx.

2 sinx + cosx_,dx:
f
Integrating, we get +-·
=}

3 · (2. - sin2x)'
Jdy = J (vtanx + vcotx)dx
=} y = J<vtanx + ..,Jcot;)dx

�� +.fOSX)rJx,
=J(S··..,/smxcosx +� tan-:-1 (sinx - c�sx)+ c
3 . ' .
which is the required sol�tion of the given differential
= � J(sinx + cosx)dx equation;
'J'2sinxco.sx ..
• ' >" , , •

41. The given differential equation is

.
= �J(s�x _+ c,osx).dx dy . 1
. .../sm2x dx :::: (4�iriX � -fsrifxj4 ' I
11
 Differential Equation

dx ...• 3<ftanyt4
2
+ (1 - <f) sec ydy = O_
dy=
('Jsinx + --Jcosx) 4
sec2y
=
3<f
Integrating, we get (1 - <f) dx tany d
y

=f
On Integrating, we get
fdy
dx
· ('Jsinx + --Jcosx )4 sec2y
y= f('Jsinx +dx--Jcosx)4
J 3<f
f
(1 - <f) dx = tany dy
.
=> -3 log 11 - exl= logltanyl + c
.

sec2xdx which is the required. soluti.on of the given d_ifferential

=f
(\ltanx + 1)4 equation.
2tdt. . . 45. The given differential equation is
= --4, (Let tan x = r )
xy: o.
.2
(t + 1) v1 + x2 + l +.x2l + =
= 2f<t + 1) - 1 dt
(t + 1)4 => v<1 + x2)(t + x2) + xy: o =
f(-
..1_ �.-1- t
=2
(i + 1)3 (t + 1)4)
d
=> . vo + x2) v<1+ y ) =
2
-xy:
= 2( 1 + 1 +C VO + x2)
-2(t + 1)2 J�t+ 1)3 ) -- - dx = --;:===
y
dx
V(l +y2)
X

=2 + . Integrating, we get
(-2(� +1)2 +3(� + 1)3 ) c
which is the required solution of the given differential f v<r+ x2)
---dx=- f. -;:::==
y
dY
equation. VO•+ y2)
X

42. Given differential equation is

_r:---, 1
=> -v 1 + x- + log
v1 + x2 - 1 + .h-7
v 1 + y2 = c
J l � =J(l+ x)dx 2 �
( y) 1 +/ + 1
Integrating, we get which is: the required solution of the given differential
equation.
dy
+ x)dx. 46. The given difftrential equation is .
( l + y) O
=
dy siny + cosy
=> logll+yl=x+ x2 +c, dx x(219gx + 1)
=
2
which is the required solution. ----=----
dy dx
43. Given differential equation is siny + cosy · x(21ogi + 1)
dy = e-Yv + x2) Integrating, we get
dx .··. dy :. ·.
=
dx
f siny + cosy fx(2logx + 1)
=> ".::, = (<f + x2)dx
e
f =
dx
Integrating, we get
-..f2 sin(ydy+ t
1C) J x(2logx + 1)
.. .
J_

f :: =· f (<f + x2)dx
� logltanG + i)I = ½ logl2logx + 11
=> f edy := J <t+ x2)dx which is the required solution ·Jf the given differential
x3 equation.
=> . eY = tt + + c,
3 47. The given differential equationis'
which is the required solution.
= a(l + )
dy
44 . The given differential equation is ..
dy

dx dx
x

12
 Differential Equation

Integrating, we get , "

t��1 (y) +tan-1 (ex) =tan-1e
=>
=> Y +� ) =tan-1 e
tan-1 .( --
Integrating, we get 1-�y. ' '
=> -½ =a og Ix - al + C
l
=> ·(2:2_�.. ) =··e
1- �y
which is the required solution 9f the given differential
equation. which is the required solution.
48. The given differential eq,uation is 52. Given differential
;.'
�uation.i�
·.- ., .. '

. xy2·! .=Jr,; +y2 - ;y2 dy =ex+y·+

-
dx
·. re-
2. -� ·.,

=> dy
=> - = (ex+J)eY .
dx
.
..
' . :1 '

=> =>
Integrating, we get
=>
· -e-y =e..x +-+ x3 e
.. ·3
Integrating, we get'·
which is the required diff�rentj� eqqati,o�.
.
y. _;, taif
"·j
y =log
.,
lxf - -
;
+e 53 .Given diffe]'.y.nQ.al equatioq. is
.
' •.. . ': g,,, .· ,·._ ' -,: ·' J

which is the required

.
solution of the given differential
:r , y�l+J +x�l +J� =0 '
equation.
'. .·:: , .. , , ,. , . '/ .··:·:'.,, ,, .. ,· ,, :,· ' : dx
49. Given differential equation is => y +X. dy ';::::'.0.
dx·· .;,
(x .+ 1\tx = ·�
dy ...
dx dy . = :
=> x,·+-
--, 0.
!.

·•Y·
dy .� '
=>--
,.. '
· � = (r:vr)� Integrating, we get
loglxl +loglyl =logi;
=>
; = z{t:r x l 1}� '• => xy = e
Integrating, we''gef · · ··· which is the_ r.�q1:firf4 sg}up.o.�-
.: "'>' ·;, '."tt;, : . +} r, ,- · ·.,
loglyl = 2:t - 2loglx + 11 + e 54. Given differential equatiOI) is
which i� the req� s�lµtjon.; , .
50. Given differential equation ' is '
�1 +x2dy �, '11 +/,dx � ... � •• - < ••
=o
•

i 1}
=> dy + ::.0
� ,<
dx
,sec2x. tanyth + s.ec2y tanx dy � 0'
�' .
• <" •• : f. .• . • • "' '11 +y 2 �1 +;
seclx + s� ydy =O:
2
=> Integrating, we gef
tany
dx
tanx
Integrating, we get ' ' '
'.
,'
logly + vi + ii + og Ix+��;·+ 11:= oic,:
l
• '.,.,,
l
!';. ,",.

�
'
logltanxl + logltanyl == loge
�:· ' (y'+4V+ 1){�;+�; + 1) = e
�' .' ,' tanxtan,y = e which is the -�equked solution.
, o/�ctt� the.re,quire,d
so,lu��n\ ,,,, ,,; '. ,: ·. 55. Given differential equatl!:)nis ; :

+ xy:
,
51. Given differential equation is .
(1 . . + ,. e,.:.) 2t �.r:,lu ·+· . t':Y2� �:, �,,.=� 0- - ·
(1
\:1'-:... ) X ,I- �1 +; + f ;y2 -F = o;
.. ', . ,· ":: .
=> _!!___ 4- �. · . . dx =)o
1 + y2 ·. il + eJx ,· ,
=> vq tl1<�.+1�\, t��
, .. , dy =' '://·,
;d:t· .9, . :-: ; . :':
13
 Differential Equation

dy Integrating, we get
xy = -�(1 + x2)(1 +y2)
dx log Ix + al + loge = loglyl - log 11 - ayl
ydy c(x+a)=--
y
dx 1 - ay
X
= -�
�1 + y2
which is the required solution.
Intergrating, wet get 60. We have,
1- 1
.-��
l Ty
.Vx2
=
� + 1 + -1 log �; + +c dx
xy-,-- =
1 + y2
--(1 + X + x2)
2 {x2;J
x2+1+1 dy l+x2
which is the required solution. ydy (1 +x + x2f
56. Given differential equation is = dx
1 + y2 (l + x2}x
y
xyd +l+x+y+xy=O
dx = (1 + X + x2) dx
d (1 + x2)x
xy y + (1 + x)(l + y) 0
dx
=
dx . dx
=-+'--·
x 1+J-
( 1: y )dy + (1 :
X
)dx = Q
1
.!_logl1. + y21.. = loglxl + •tan-
. x+ c
2
-1-)dy + ( 1 +
(1 - l+
y
¼)dx = 0 which is the required solution.
Integrating, we get 61. We have,
y - log 11 + yl + x + log I.xi = c (x2 - y.x2)dy + (y2 + xy2)dx = 0
=> (x + y) - log,·_ x
_ = c x2(1 - y)dy + y2(1� x)dx =?
l+y,
57. Given differential equation- is (1 - y)
dy + (1 + x)dx = 0
y
2
x2
(1 +x)(l+ y2)dx + (1 + y)(l + x2)dy = 0
Integrating, we get
=> 1 + X dx + 1 + y dy = 0
( (
1 + x2 ) 1 )
+i _ .!. - loglyl - .!.
y X
+ log I.xi = c
Integrating, we. get
tan-1x + tan-1y + .!.1ogl(x2 + l)(y2 + 1)1 = c
=> logl�I = c + (¼ +J)
2 which is the required solution.
58. Given differential equation is 62. The given differential equation is
x�l - ldx + y�l - x2 dy = 0 dy
- = (x + y + 1)2· ...(i)
. dx
_x_._ dx + --
y
dy = 0
�1-x2 . � 2
Let x+y+l=v
Integrating, we get
dy dv,_
1
�1 - J- + �1 - y 2
::: C dx
=
dx
which is the required solution. dv
_1 v2
dx
=
59. Given differential equation is

(y - X !) = a(l + !) �=dx
v2 + 1
dy
y (l - ay) =' (x + a). dx Integrating, we get

dx dy
x + a y(l - a )
= J _!!!'._
v +1
2
= f dx

y
dx ·(1 . => tan- '(v) = X + C
a
x+a Y l-ay ) => tan-'(x +y + 1) = x + c
= +

14
 Differential Equation

is the required solution.

f(1+{)dv=2x+c
63. The given differential equation is
dy => (v+loglvl) = 2x + c
• =sin(x+y) +cos(x+y) ...(i)
dx => (x+y + log Ix+yl) =2x+c
dy
Put x+y=v=> 1+ =dv => (y+log Ix+yl) =X+C
dx dx
which is the required solution of the given differential
dy dv
=> -=--1 equation.
dx dx
65. The given differential equation is
dv
dx- 1 =smv+cosv
tany ! =sin(x+y) +sin(x-y)
dv
=> =·1+
..smv + cosv dy sin(x+y) +sin(x-y)
dx =
dx tany
dv
=>. . = dx
1+smv+cosv 2sinxcosy
=--�-=-
Integrating, we get tany

dv tany
f 1 + smv :;:X + C cosy dy = 2smxdx
+cosv
• · ·

siny
f dv
=> --:----_;__;______=x+c => = 2sinxdx
1 -tan2 (v/2) 2tan(v/2) cos2 ydy
1+( )+(
1 +tan (v/2)
2 1 + tan2 (v/2) ) Integrating, we get
f siny f
=· 2 sinxdx
=> f 2(1sec2 (vl2)dv
=x+c cos2ydy
+ tan(v/2))
1
=> logll +tan(v/2)1 =x +c
=>
cosy
= c - 2cosx
which is the required solution of the given differential
=> logll + tan(v/2)1 =x + c
equation.
=> logll +tan(
x
�I)I =x + c 66. The given differential equation is
dy
-xtan(y -x) = 1
which is the required solution of the given differential dx
equation. dy
=> = 1 + xtan(y-x)
64. The given differential equation is dx
(x + y)(dx- dy) = (dx + dy) Let y-X = V=> dy = dv+l
dx dx
=> (x+y -l)dx = (x+y+l) dy
dv + 1 = Xtan V+1
dy (x +y-1) dx
=> ...(i)
dx = (x + y+1) dv
=> =xtanv+1
dx
x+y=v=> y = _1
d dv
Let => cotvdv = xdx
dx dx

ax
dv - _v-1
1- >
lntergrating, we get
v+1 fcotvdv = x+c
dv =v-l l=�
dx V+ 1
+
V +1 => loglsin vi = x2+ c
(V: 1)dv => loglsin(x-y)I = x22. + c
=> = 2dx
which is �e required solution
· of.· th
· e given differential
Integrating,. we get equation.
15
 Differential Equation

61. .We have, => -cosec(x + y) + cot(x+ y) = 2x + y + c

dy (x - y) +3 which is the required solution.
-=---- ...(i)
• dx 2(x- y)+ 5 70. We have,
Let x- y = v sin-1 (!) = x +y
dy dv
=> l-,- ----- =- : = sin(x + y)
dx dx
dy= _dv
=> 1 dv -1 = smv, (Let = X + y)
dx dx dx
V

3 dv
=> 1- - = 1 + smv
( :)=;v: 5 dx
dv= _v+3 dv = dx
1 =>
dx 2v + 5 (1 + sinv)
2v + 5 -V - 3 V +2 (1 - sinv)dv
= = => = dx
2v + 5 2v + 5 cos2v
=> ( !\\5) dv = dx => (sec2v -' secvtanv)dv = dx
Integrating, we ,get
=> (2+ l )dv=dx
v 2 taQv-secv=x+c
Integrating, we get => tan(x + y) -sec(x + y) = x +c
(2v + log Iv +21) = x + c
which is the required solution.
=> (2(X- y)+- Joglx-y+ 21) = X + C
71. We have
=> (x- 2y + log Ix '.....; y + 21) = c dy ...
- :;: cos(x. + .·y +. 1)
which is the required solution. dx
68, We have, dv - 1
. = cosv, (Let x + y + 1 = v)
(x + y)(dx- dy) = dx + dy dx
dv
dx
=> �� ::; d(x:y) =
= 1 + cosv
Integrating, we get 1- cost>'
=> = dx ·
log Ix + yl = (x- y) + c sin2vdv
dy => (coseciv- cosec v. cot v) dv . = dx
69. We have = sec(x + y)
dx Integrating, we get
dv cosecv- cofv = x + c
=> --1 = secv
.. (Let V = X + y)
dx
=> cosec(x + y + 1)-:- cot(x + y + 1)
= 1 + secv
dv 72. We have,
= dx
1 + secv 2(x + y)
dy = ------,---,-
-
cosvdv dx 1 + (x + y)2
=> = dx
1 + cosv dv 2v
--1 = -- V = X+ y
cosv(l- cosv)dv dx 1 + v2 '
=> = dx
sin2v dv 2v
=> �=1+--2
=> [cosecv.cotv- (cosecv - l)]dv = dx dx 1 +v
Integrating, we get (1 + v)2
· 2v
-cosecv+ cotv-v =x + c . = 1 +-- = -----2
1 + v2 1 +v
16
 Differential Equation

11+ vz, ·. j 5 tan _1 (5tan(v/2)+ 3) = 5X+C

--dv =dx
4 4
(1 +v)2
(5x + 3y) + 3)
tan----
5-tan _1 (5-
2 - = 5x+c
(1 - )dv = dx 4 4
(1 +v)2

)dv
which is the required solution.
2 2
(1 - 1- +- V + = dx 74. We have,
(1 + v)2 .
Integrating, we get !_ dy2(x2+y2)-1
+ =O
2 Xdx x2+y2+1
v-2log 11+vi --- = x+c
(1 + v) .!dv _ + 2v- 1
. 1... = 0
y -2logll+X+yl -
2 ) =C 2dx V +1
0 +x+y .!dv _
which is the required solution. =1 2v-1
2dx V +1

73. We have,
= 2-v
dy v+l
sm(lOx + 6y)
(V+1)dv = 2dx
=
dx
2-v
1 (di,
6 dx - 10) = smv �)dv = -
(v-1 2dx

:= 6sinv+10 (V - 2+ 3 )dv = -2dx

dv v-2

1+(-3 .)dv = -2dx

=dx
6 smv
· +··· w
v-2.
dv
= dx
( 2tan(v/2) 0 Integrating, we get
6 ) +1
1+tan2(v/2) (x2 + y2) + log l(x2 + y2) - 21 =C - 2x
which is the required solution.
sec2(v/2)dv
=dx
10(1+tan 2(v/2))+12tan(v/2) 75. The given differential equation can be written as
2dt · � dx, t= tan(v/2) dy x2y
=
100 +r) + 121. dx x3+/

dt
= dx
5(1+ t21+61
dt
= dx
5r + 61+ 5. y
Let. X = V

= 5dx
r +it+1
dt � y = vx.

dy dy
� = V + X dx"

( 53f
dx
5
(4f
dv V
t+- + - v+x-=-·•-• -3
5 � dx 1+v
Integrating, we get dv V
x-=-.-3. -v
dx l+v
+3
5
t -l(t .(/5))- 5x +
4 an 415
C
(v3 + l)· dv=_dx
:..1 5t + )
tan ( �3
5 v4 X
= 5x+c
4
17
 Differential Equation

Integrating, we get
loglvl - -1 = c - loglxl
3v3 y
Let X = V � y = vx

� logl!l
X 3y
£
- 3 = c - logl.xl dy = V +Xdv
- -
dx dx

loglvl - -1 = c,
3v3 v + x dv =
dx
.!.(.!.
2 V
- v)
which is the required dv 1 3v 1- 3v 2
x-=---=�
solution of the given differential equation. dx 2v 2 2v
76. The given differential equation is 2v
dv = dx
1 - 3v 2 X
xdy - y dx = �; + y2dx
Integrating, we get
dy -�-
x - y =yr+ =J dx
y
J�dv 2
1-Jv
dx X

dy y �
- = X -½log 11- 3v21 = fog c + log I.xi
dx x
dy _ !
dx X
= �1 .+ (!
X )2
...(i) -½log 1- I 3G )21 = log c + loglxl
Let x�y=vx
y which is therequired,solution of the.given differential
equation.
dy
dy = v +x-
- 78. The given differential equation is
dx dx
(1 + 2exly)dx + 2c1Y(l - x/y)dy = 0
dy - v = "ll
v + x� .r:---,
+ v2
dx ay c1 + 2c'Y)
·dx 2exly(�- t)
dy -�
=
x- = "11 + v­
dx
•1)
dx dy �e G -
xly
=- ...(i)
� -dx = (1 + 2ex!Y)
Integrating, we ,get Let -cv
;x
y
I�
�1 +v
=J X dx X = vy

dx = V + y-
dv
2
-
dy dy
I
lqgJv + �1 + v2 = loglxl + log.c

(v + �1 + v 2 ) = ex

.(� + �1 +(�)2 ) = ex dv 2ev (v - . 1)'. · - V

,dy (1+ 2e1'')
,:Y-•= _

(y + �; + ,y } =.,c.?-
z

which is the required .solution ofthe ,given differential

equation.
2,ev +
77. The ,given differootial equation is V
+ 2v
(.?- - y2)dx = Zxydy
=\
e

d
y -y = �.x2, .+ y2 ...(i)
dx
X
18
 Differential Equation

=> log Iv+ 2evl + loglyl = loge 81. We have,

=> y(v + 2ev) = e dy y-x (ylx) - 1
=
y+x = (ylx) + 1
=> y(f + 2�/y) = e
v+x- = --
dv V - 1
=> (X + 2y�1Y) = e dx V + 1
which is the required solution of the given differential -1 v
dv = V--
=> x- -
equation. dx V +1
79. The given differential equation can be written as V- 1
=-- -v
dy y ...,.x V+ 1
=
Y+X =- 1 + v2
•••(i)
dx
l+v
(Let xy= v => y= vx)
=> �dv = _dx
dy dv
- = v+x- l+v2 X

dx dx Integrating, we get
v- 1
v+x = tan-I (v) + ½log ll+v2 1 == e - logl.xl
dv
dx V+ 1
v-1
=---v
V+ 1
tan- 1 G) + ½loglx2 + y21= e
which is the required solution,
v-,-l-v2 -v
=---'-----
v+ 1 82. We have,

1 + v2 2xyt=x2+y
=
2

V+ 1
2
V+ 1 dx
--dv =-__.;.
dy x2 + y2 1 + (�)
dx = 2xy =
v2 +1 X
"2(f)
½loglv2 + 11 + tan-1(v) = e - logl.xl dv - v2
1 + -.
V + x--,- =
. +y2 1 + tan-I x = e ·
dx 2v
=>
1 logi.x2
2 (Y) dv l+v2
x- = ---v=
·
1-v2
--
which is the required solution. of the given differential dx 2v 2v
equation.
- -
2vdv dx
= --:x
80. We have, V2 - 1
dy Integrating, we get
x = x+y
dx loglv2 - 11 + logl.xl = loge
dy. x+y .. y =>
-=-.
X-= 1 +-X (v2 - l)x = c
dx
=> (y - x2) = ex
2
Y
dv
v + x = 1 + v, v =
dx
x which is the required solution.
dv 83. We have,
x =1
dx
dy y2-2xy
=
dv = dx
X dx x2 - 2xy
Integrating, we get
loglv2 - 11 + log I.xi = loge
dy
=
(IY (i)
·c_
2
dx 1- 2(H
=> � = logl.xl +e
. v2 - 2v
which is the required solution.
V + X dv
dx = 1- 2v
19
 Differential Equation

dv 3v 2 - 3v
1-2v
X =
dx

1-2v
dv = x
3v(v-1)
dx

1-3v 2
1( 1
2 ) v = dx i)
dv
V +X = ( Let V =
3 v(v -1) -(v-1) d x
3
dx V - 3v

dv 1--
- 3v 2 -v
½( v � ½ - -
x-=
1 (v: 1) )dv
= dx v3 -3v
�

_ .!. _1_ + .!.)dv = 1-3v 2 - v4 + 3v2

3(v-1 V
dx =
X v3 - 3v
Integrating, we get 1- v4
-31 log Iv(v-l)I =
=
loglexl v3 - 3v
v 3 - 3v d
-½logli( 1 )I= loglexl ( ) v = dx
i- 1- V4 X

which is the required solution.

84. Given differential equation is (_±___
1- v
dx
dv - (·�4 )dv = x
1- v
4)

}y dx-(x3 + l)dy = Q Integrating, we get

dy
dx
=
}y
x3 +y3 (_±___)dv - ·(�
1- v 4
1- v 4)
dv = dx
x
Integrating, we get
=---
.t+ (i Y
v
-¼logll-v41 + ¾logl :2 �\ = log I.xi + loge I
(Let v =;) (iY))2 - l
I
+ X ddxv =
1 + v3'
V
1 3
V
=> -iog 1- (Y)41 + Iog
x = logl.xcl
dv -V 4 -
(·+1
2

dx
x-= - .,...v
1 + v3
X

which· is the required solution.

86. The given differential· equation is
4
V - V - V
1 + v3
=

=-l 3
v4
+v
: =i-V�-1

=> (1 + v )dv =-3

dx
V + X: = V - �v2 - l (Let ;= U)
X

=-�v2- 1
4
V
Integrating, we get dx
dv
x
1
--3 + loglvl = e-log I.xi dv dx
3v �v2 - 1
=
-x
=>
x3
-- + loglyl = e Integrating, we get
3y
3

which is the required solution loglv + �v 2 - 1 I= loge-loge

85. Given differential equation is log Iv + �v2
=> - � I= loglil
(x 3xy2)dx = (l-3x2y) dy
=> ( V + �v 2
3
�
1) = (;)
dy x - 3.xy
-

=>
3 2

dx l-3x2y
=---
=> (� + �GY - 1) = {i) 20
 Differential Equation

=> (y + �y - x2) = e
2
=

which is the required solution.

The given differential equation is ---v
1 +e
dy y
=> = + sm . (Y
x) l+ev dv
dx x => ( v )dv -y
V +e
=
dv
=> V + X dx =V + �10. ·(V)
Integrating, wr get
dv = . log Iv+ evl loge -loglyl
=> x sm(v) =

=> (� + ?1Y) = (f)

dx

--dv dx
=> =-
sin(v) x
Integrating, we get
=> (X + ytf1Y ) =C
which is the required solution.
=> logltan(i)I =loge+ log lxl 90. The given differential equation is
dy + 2y + 3
=>
X
tan(�)=ex dx
=
2x + 3y + 4·
which is the required solution. Let x =X+ a and y = Y+ /3
88. The given differential equation is (X + a)+ 2(Y+/3) + 3
dY
x 1 =y-xtan(�)
Thus,
dX = 2(X + a) + 3(Y + /3) + 4 ·
(X+2Y)+(a+2/3+3)
dY
=> ...(i)
: =(�) � tan(�) dX = (2X + 3Y) + (2a + 3/3+ 4)

=> v +x! = v- tan(v) (Let i=u) Let us choose a and /3 in such a way that
a+ 2/3+ 3 = 0 and 2a+ 3/3+ 4 =0
dv
=> X dx = --:tan(v). Solving, we get
dv dx a= 1, f3=-2.
=> · · tan(v) = -7 Equation (i) reduces to
Integrating, we get dY ·- X+2Y
...(ii)
=> log,tan({ + i)I. = loge -loglxl
dX 2X + 3Y
which is a homogeneous equation.

=> Put
log,tan(¾
I Iii
+ )I
=
log

=> tan(i + �) = =>

(i)
which is the required solution. Equation (ii) reduces to
89. The given differential .equation is dV 1 + 2V
V+X =
dX 2 + 3V
(1 + endx, + eY(1- �)dy = o 2 +3V
=> 1 -3y2
dV= dX

G-
X
1 )eY
dx Integrating, we get
=> dy : (
1 + eXY) f 2 + 3V dV=JdX
1 -3y2 . < X
dv v - l)ev V -x
(--
V + X- =
dy
- =
1 + ev ' Y _!_ log·11 +
.
�v.1- .!.1ogl(l -Jv·2. )1
1-�V 2
dv (v -l)e
�
x -.=
v
-v =logC + loglXI
dy 1 + ev
21
 Differential Equation

1 . x+f3Y 1
=> log , j - 2 log l(X ..c 3Y )I=loge
2 2
=>
dy
y-x- + lnx = 0
{3 f3
X- Y dx

I
(x _ 1) + {3(y + 2)
I
dy
=> -1
log------ X -' - y = lnx
dx
{3 (x - 1) - f3(y + 2)

_ 1. logl(x2 - 3y 2 - 2x - 12y - 11)1= loge => ...(i)

2
which is the required solution of the given differential which is a linear differential equation.
equation. IF =e-J � l x 1
x =e- og =
91. The given differential equation is x
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by and integrat�
(x + )y
2 IF
dy
= ...(i) ing, we get
dx (x +2)(y- 2)
Let X=x+2andf=y+2
y·(IF) = J Q.(IF)dx + e
1 lnx
Equation (i) reduces to
dY (X -2+ Y + 2)2 (X + Y)2
J
Y·x = ;dx + e
...(ii)
XY = XY
i ½) + e
=
dX 0 X
=> = -(1 ; +
Let ·y = VX => dXdY = V + X dV
dX => y = -(logx + 1) + e
Equation (ii) reduces to which is the required solution of the g_iven differential
(1 + V)2 equation.
V + X dV =
d"}( V 98. The differential equation is
dV = (1 + V) v
2
zdy 3xy = 4x.4 + LX
.r-- ,... 2
=> -
xax v dx

=> Xd
V = (1 + 2V)
dX V
=> dy - 3!X 4x2 + 2
dx
= ...(lJ:

VdV dX which is a linear differential equation.

=>
(2V + 1) X ¥ = e-3Iogx = _!_
=
IF= e-3f
Integrating, we get x3

VdV Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i).by IF and integrating,

J JdX we get
(2V + 1) X
=

J Q.(IF)dx + e
½J(1- (2v\ l) )=Ja:
y·(IF) =
=>
=> ,y _!_3 = J(4x2 3+ 2)dx + e
x x
½(V- log (2V + 1))= loglXl + e ·
=> 2'._ =
x3
J (1 + 1-x3 )dx + e
X
=>

=>
which is the required solution of the given differentia1
equation.
= log Ix + 21 + e 99. The given differential equation is
which is the required solution of the given differential
equation.
dy
= ytanx - smx
dx
97. The given differential equation is
dy
ydx - xdy + lnxdx = 0 => - + (-tanx)y = _.sinx ... (i)
dx
22
 Differential Equation

which is a linear differential equation. Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrat­
ing, we get
IF = e_J tanxdx = e g(c s ) = COSX
lo o x

• Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by I.F and integrating, X·(IF) = f Q.(IF)dy+ c
we get
y·(l.F.) = f Q.(l.F)dx + c x-e-Y = f (3y + 2)e-Y dy + c
y.(cosx) = -f (sinxcosx)dx + c = 3 (-ye-Y + 2e-Y) + c
=> -3 (y + 2) + ce
-½f sin2xdx+c
X =
=
which is the required· solution of the given differential
equation.
cos2x
--+c
= 10 3. The given differential equation ,is
4
which is the required solution of the given differential dy+2y = e3x ...(i)
equation. dx
which is a linear differential equation.
100 . The given differential equation is
IF = ef 2dx = e2x
-dy+-.y -=- 2 ...(i)
dx xlogx J, Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrat­
ing, we get
which is a linear differential equation.
y·(IF) = f Q.(IF)dx+ C
IF = )xi!x = e log og
(I x) = logx
=> y(�) = f (e2x ·�)dx+ C
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrat­
ing, we get f
= (e3x)dx + c
y(IF) = f Q(IF)dx+ C
3x
(e )
+c
y· logx = f �· logxdx + c
= -
=> 3
X
=> e3x + ce-x
y =. (3
2 + logx)+ c )
= -:x-(1 ...(i)
which is the required solution of the given differential which is the required solution.
equation. 104. The given differential equation is
101. The given differential equation is dy =

(i -
x x+y
dx
xdx = y dy
) dy y
-=1 +­X
dx
=> x: + y = xy2
=> dy .... � = 1 ...(i)
dy y y2 dx X
=> -+-= ...(i)
dx X which is a linear differential equation.

x = e g = x
e�J !!!
Thus, ·IF = -o x 1l
which is a linear. differential equation.
· 102. The given differen,tial eqµation is Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
dy we get
(x + 3y + .2) dx =1
y·(IF) = f Q·(IF)dx + c
dx -x = 3y+ 2
=> ...(i)
dy => �=fdx+c
X X
which is a linear differential equation. y
=> - = logl.xJ + C
X
which is the required solution.
23
 Differential Equation

105: The given differential equation is which is the required solution.

dy 108. The given differential equation is
x + y = xex
dx dy
= ytanx - 2sinx
dy + y dx
==> - -= eX dy
dx X
==> + (-tanx)y= -2sinx ...(i)
which is a linear differential equation. dx
which is a linear differential equation
Thus, IF =.ef ¥- ;:: elogx :::: x
Multiplying bo,th sides ofEq: (i) by IF and integrating Thus, IF= e-'f tanxdx = e-log(secx) = X
we get Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
y•(IF}:::: JQ.(IF)dx + C we get

f
y·X = xcdx + C
y·(IF) = JQ·.(IF)dx+ c

==> (xy) = C(x - 1) + c y·cosx =f(-sinx·tan·x)dx + c

which is the required solution.
106. The given differential equatiqn is
',
.
(
= -f 1 �:so/x )dx+ .c
dy
·,;

x + y = xlogx = -f (secx - cosx)dx. + c

dx
dy y = -log lsecx + tan xi + sinx + c
==> -
�
+ -= logx ...(i)
X
which is the required solution.
which is a linear differen�al equation. 109. The given differential equation· is
dx •. '
Thus, IF = ef x = elogx = x ay_!.. .;. 2x2 ...(i)
dx X
Multiplying both sides,ofEq.(i) by IF and integrating
we get which is a linear differential equation..

Thus, IF _ e-J �
.. - _ e-logx _ 1
x -
y·(IF) =f xlogxdx + c -:x
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
f
y·x = xlogxdx+ c we get

= f xlogxdx -½f xdx + c y · (I.F) = JQ · (IF}dx + .c

==> y·½ = 2Jxdx + C
� (�)log X - � + c
==> !..=x2+c
which is the required solutio.n. X

107. The given differential equation is which is the required solution.

dy + y 3 110. The given differential equation is
- -=x
dy 2
...(i)
dx X xlogx +: y= :xlogx
which is a linear differential equation. dx
dy
Thus, IF = ef ¥- = elogx = X ==> -+-. 2
-..y-=-
dx xlogx x2
...(i)
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
we get which is· a linear ·differential equation.
-
y·(IF) = f Q.(1.F.)dx + c Thus, IF = e f xl!x = elog(logx) =
· X
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
==> xy=fx4dx+c we get
x5
= .,..,..+.c y·(IF) = JQ·(IF)dx+c
5 24
 Differential Equation

=> y·logx = 2 JT
logx
dx + c which is the required solution.
113. The given differential equationis
dx
= 2 J(te"'"1)dt + c, t = 1ogx X- - ay = X + 1
dy
= -2(te-t - e- 1) + c dy
=> + (- !!.X ) y = X + _!.X ...(i)
dx
logx - 1)
=-2 (---X
+c which is a linear differential equation
which is the required solution. J
Thus, IF=e-a �
x=e-alogx=elog(x-") =-
1
111. The given differential equation is x°
ydx - (x + 2y2)dy = 0 Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
we get
y dx + (x - y2)
dy
=0
y·(IF) = J Q.(IF)dx +c
dx
y +x=y_), =>
dy

dx X +1
-+-=y
dy y
...(i) = ( x-: - a + :-; + c)
which is a linear differential equation. which is the required solution.
Thus,
r dy
IF = e T = e 10gy
=
y 114. The given differential equation is
y
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating (x + 1) ddx - ny = <f(x + it + 1
we get
dy
-.n-· y =·..x + 1) n
X·(J.F) J
= y dy
2
+ C
=> - -(
dx X +)1
e (x ...(i)

X·y = J y dy
2
+C
which is a linear differential equation

Thus, I.F. = e-nJ x� 1 = e-nl

og (x+l)
y3 +
=3 C
=e
lo g(-. 1_. n) 1
which is the required solution. (x+ 1) = ---
(x + It
112. The given cJifferential equation is
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
ydx + (x - y3)dy = 0
we get
=> y dx + (x - l)
dy ·.
=0 y·(IF) = J Q·(IF)dx +c

=> y:+x=l y =f<fdx+c

(x + It
dx X
=> -+-=y2 ...(i) = <f +C
dy y
which is a linear differential equation which is the required solution.
115. The given differential equation is·
Thus, IF = jj = e logy
=y
(1 + y2)dx = (tan- 1y - x)dy
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
we get
=> =----
X·(IF) = Q·(IF)dy J +C dy l+y2
dx X tan-ly
X·y = Jy3dy + C => -+--=-- ...(i)
dy 1 + y2 1 +y2
=-+c
y4 which is a linear differential equation
4 25
 Differential Equation

Thus, IF = e
f�
1 +Y
2 = etan Y
-1 J
X·(IF) = Q·(IF)dy + C

Multiplying both sides. of Eq. (i) by If and integrating

(X )fydy+
we get �y2 + 1 = �y2 + 1 C

J
X·(IF) = Q·(IF)dy + ( �y2 + 1 )={yfTI +c
. J (--·-1 ·)·•
C
:::=> X

tan Y
x,etan Y = etan Y dy
-1 -I

1 + y2 which is the required solution.

118. The given differential equati0n is
d Y
�y + -Y logx = - (logy)2
x·etany= e1 (t-l)+c
dx X X2
:::=>
-I

Dlviding both the sides by y(lop)2, we get

:::=> x,etan-y
1 = etan-1Y(tan-1y - 1) +c 1 dy
---·-+-·--'=- 1 1 1
y(logy)2 dx logy x x2
which is the required solution.
116. The given differential equation is 1
Let -= v
logy
dx
(x + 3y + 2) =1 dy
dy :::=> ---·-1 dv
=--
y(logy)2 dx dx
::.:=> dx = (x + 3y + 2)
dy dv + v·-1 = .....
1
:::=> --
:::=> dx
X = (3y + 2) ...(i) dx . X x2
dy
'- -

:::=>· dv - V = - 1
which is a linear differential equation dx :x x
2

Thus, IF= e-f d,), = e-Y which is a linear differential equation.

Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating
we get Thus, IF = e-H* = e-I9gx = e191l x-i = ¼,
HeilCe the solution is
X·(IF) . =JQ.(IF)dy + C
v·(IF) = JQ.(IF)dx + c
::.:=> J
x-e-Y = {3(ye-Y) + 2(e-Y)}dy +c v·(½):; J-\·f¼)� + C
X
. ':': 3(-,--ye;-Y - [Y) - ']£Y :+ C

:::=> 1 1
:;:
=-3(y + l)e-Y - 2e-Y + c xlogy- ix2 C

::.:=> x = -'-3(y + 1) -1 + ceY 119. The givep. diffe:i;eµµaj. equation is

which is the requireq solutiQn. &y xy::;:x3 (i
dx; .y
117. The given differential eqµation is
(1 + y2)dx = (xy + y3 + y)dy 1-
dy +-X
:::=> - =x ...(i)
. 5 .
3

dx xy &dx
y .,. y
:::=> +y
dy y�+l 1 = 1dy ldv
4- ::;:-·-. ·-

Let - V ::.:=> -- :;: --�

:::=>
y
...(i) vs y6dx 5dx
: + (""' l + 1}x =Y 1 dv vx = x3
..,---Ir
which is a linellf differential equation Scdx

IF e
-F<zy 2 1
y +1 = e-2 logJy * II =. ---,,-
i :::=> 4:v - 5vx = 5x3 ...(ii)
Th =
dx
2
.· U.&,
. �y +1 2
.�
\Vbich is a li:qear differential equation.
Multiplying botl). sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating 5x2
we get IF= e- 5 f xdx = e-2
26
 Differential Equation

Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­ which is a linear differential equation.
ing, we get
IF = e-2f xdx = e-x2
J
v·(IF) = Q·(IF)dt + C Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­
sx2 ing, we get
sx2
=> v.e-T=-5 f x3 ·e-Tdt +C I
V·(IF)= Q·(IF)dt + C
5x2
e-T 2(5.x2 _sx2 => v-e-x2=f x3 e-x2 dx + c
=> --=- -+1 ) e 2 +C
y5 5 2
=> v-e-x2=_ .! (.x2 + 1) + c
which is the required solution of the given differential 2
equation. e-x2 --(x2
1 + l)e-x2 + C
120. The given differential equation is => -=
y2 2
dy sin2y 3 which is the required solution of the given differential
+- - = rcos 2
y
dx x
equation.
dy 2tany = 3 122. The given differential equation is
sec2y-+-- r ...(i)
lU X
dy
(1- X2) + .xy=xy2
Let tany = v £U
y
=> sec2 d dv dy
2
xy xy
y dt
=
dt -+-- = --
dt. 1-x2 1-x2
=> ...(ii). 1 dy
-+ -X (1 - r2)=--
X
- ...(i)
which is a linear differential equation y2 dt y 1-x2

¥
IF= e2 f = e21ogx = x2 Let 1- = v => -1dy = --
-
dv
Y y2 llt dt
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­
ing, we get dv X
- VX
I
=> = ...(ii)
V. (IF} = Q. (IF}dt + C dt 1-x2 1-x2
which is a linear differential equation.
=> v-x2=fx5 dt+c
J x
x2!
IF=e- 1-h dx = ez gll- = �1-.x2
10
I

=> .x2tany = x6 + C
(i Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­
which is the req!lired solution of the given differential ing, we get,
equation. v·(IF) = f Q·(IF)dt + C
121. The given differential equation is
x
dy-x3y3 + xy = 0 => v�l -x2 =-f � dt
lU 1 -x2
=> _y
d
+ xy = x3y3 x
=-f- -.dt
dx
�1- x2.
1 dy +xy-2
-- =x3 ...(i)
l lU
1 dy
Let y -2=V => - 1 dv
-=---
3 dt 2 dt
y
which is the required solution of the given differential
1 dv +
--- =X 3 equation.
=> VX
2dt 123. The given differential equation is
dv -2vx = ...:.2x3 dy 3 6
=>
lU + y=ry.
...(ii)
dx
X

27
 Differential Equation

..
dy !._ Ji e2tan-lx
+ = y·etan x = --+c
-1

dx X 2
1 dy y-5 =
--+- which is the required solution of the given differential
� x2 ...(i)
y 6dx X equation.
125. The given differential equation is
Put y-5 = V
dy 3
_5d
- y dv
-=- (x2y +xy) = 1
6 dx
dx
y dx
3
1dy ldv : = x2y +xy
--=---
y6 dx 5 dx dx
=
-xy x2l
dy
_ _!_dv + � = x2
5dx . X 1 dx - y = 3
...(i)
x2dy :x: Y
dv _ 5v = -Sx2
...(ii) 1
dx X Let v = -­
x
which is a linear differential equation

Thus, IF =
1
e-SJ ff!.x = e-51ogx =-
. x5 dv
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­ -+vy = y3 ...{ii)
dx
ing, we get
which is a. linear differential equation
J
v·(IF) = Q·(IF)dx + c
Thus, IF= ef ydy'= e�
_1_5 =-5f dx + C Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrating,
(xy) x3 ,we get

--1 =- 5 +c
U'
y2
J
.
v·e2 = y3 e2dy-i- c
y2

_ ( 2)
s
(xy)
e2 =
y2 .2 •
which is the required solution. -X 2J y 2Y e2dy + C Y

124. The given differential equation is

y2
t_
(1 + x 2): + y = etan-1x e2
-- = (y - 2)e2dy+ C
2
X

dy y - -1x
tan- which is the required solution.
-+ = e ...(i)
dx (x2 + 1) (x2 + 1) 126. The given differential equation is
which is a linear differential equation (y log - l)ydx � xdy
/logxdx -ydx =xdy,
1.F = eJ.A!__
x2+l = etan x
-1
Thus,
dy
x + y = y_1, logx
Multiplying both sides ofEq. (i) by IF and integrating, dx
we get dy y /logx
y• e
tan-I
x=
1·---dx +
( etan-1x)2
C
-+- = --
dx X X

. (x2 + l) 1 dy 1 logx
=
y2dx + xy �

logx
. I +ce
2t -dv + v =
dx :x �· (�t v=½)
=, T
loglx2 +c 1 1 + 2atan-1( ;J + y = c2
28
...(i)
 Differential Equation

which is a linear differential equation

¼
l dy x...Jy
- -+ --2 = X
...Jydx l-x
• •(i)
1.F.= e-Hdx= e-10gx=
•
Thus,
Let ...jy = V
Molting both sides of Eq. (i) IF and integrating,
we get l dy dv
=> =
2 ...Jy dx dx
_!__ dy
=> = 2 dv
...Jy dx dx
=> (Let t= logx)
dv vx
2-+-- =x
= (t + l)e-t + C dx l�x2

=>
! =
(1ogx
/
1)
+c
dv
+(
X ) = X
dx 2(1 -x2)
V
2 ....(ii)

which is the required solution of the given differential

equation. which is a linear differential equation.
127. The given differential equation is f xdxI
-i ogll-x21= 1
dy Thus, IF=e 2(1-x2)=e
dx =x3l =xy �1 -x2
Multiplying both sides ofEq. (ii) by IF and integrating,
: + xy = x3y3 we get

...(i) v
· 1 =.!J xdx +c
� 2 4.J1 -x2

1= ...Jy (1 -x2)3'4
Let -
y2 V = +c
4.�l-x2
� 3
=> which is the required solution.
129. The given differential equation is
_ .! dv
+ vx = x2
2dx dy Y Y
- + -· logy = - (logy)2
dv dx X x2
=> --2vx= -2x3 ...(ii)
dx l dy + 1 = 1
which is a linear differential equation => ...(i)
y(logy}2 dx x(logy) x2
Thus, · · xdx = e-x2
IF = e..:zf
1
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­ Let --=v
(logy)
ing, we get
v(IF) = J Q(IF)dx+ c =>
l dy = dv
y(Iogy)2dx dx
=> v-e-x2 = J 2x3 e-x2 dx + c l dy dv
= (1 + x2) e-x2 +
=> =
C (
y logy)2dx - dx
=> V = (l + x2) + C�

=> l.
y2
= (l + x2) + c�
l
dv -=-
--+ V
dx X x2

which is the required solution Qf the given differential => ...(ii)

equation_.
128. The given differential equation is which is a linear differential equation.

-+ xy =x...Jy.
dy -.-
Thus,· f x=e-logx = 1
.IF=e - �
dx l-x2 :x
29
 Differential Equation

Multiplying both sides of Eq. '(ii) by IF and integrat­

ing, we get =>

• i=-J�+c
=> ...(ii)

=-+c
1
2x2 which is a linear differential equation

=> -1-=-+
1
c Thus, IF= e- 2J � = e- 21og x = ..!._
x(logy) 2x2 x2·
which is the required solution. Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF andintegrating,
130. The given differential equation is we get

dy
dx
1 · 2y
+ :x·sm = x- ·COS y
3 2
v
-=-2 -dx+c
x2
J x4
e11x3

=> ...(i) => (i)2 = ¾e llx3

+c

Let tany = V
which is the required solution;
132. The given differential equation is
dy dv
=> sec2y-=­
dx dx dy
+ x(x + y) = x3 (x + y)3 - 1
dv + 2v dx

dx) +.
x3
=> X = ... (ii).
dx
1 (dy + X = x3
which is a linear differential equation (x + y)3 dx (x + y)2

. Thus, IF= ezf � = e210g x .=x2 1 (d(x + y) + X .

·dx )
_ 3
... (i)
X
(x + y) (x + y)
3 2 -
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­
ing, we get
put =v
=> V·x2 = Jx5dx + C
(x + y}2

=>
2 d(x + y) =-
dv
x6 C
=-+ (x + y}3 dx dx
6
1 d(x + y) 1 dv
(tany)x2
x6 =>
-- ax· =-zax
=>
6
= -+ C
(x + y)3
which is the required solution of the given differential _.!. dv + vx = x3
equation. =>
2dx
131. The given differential equation is
=>
dv
_ 2xv = _zx3
(xy - e )dx - x2 ydy = 0 dx
2 11x3

which is a linear differential eqtiation

x2y dy = x
dx
l
- e x311

ThUS, IF=e·
. - 2J x dx=e_;
dy y . eux3
2

dx
y-=---
X x2 Multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by IF and integrat­
ing, we get
y2 ux3
=e v·e_; = -2Jx e-J-dx +c
-x 7
3
...(i)

Let Y' = V ·= (x2 + l)e_; � C

=> =.!_dv
y => = (x2 + 1) + cl
dy
V
dx 2dx 30
 Differential Equation

1
=> = (.x2 + 1) + ct! =>
(.x2 + 1)
Integrating, we get
• which is the required solution of the given differential
equation. 1 y C
=> -- -
xy =-X -
133. The given differential equation is
xdx + ydy = xdy - ydx 1 y
=> -
xy
= -+c
X •
½d(.x2 + y2) = xdy - ydx which is the required solution of the given differential
equation.
. => d(.x2 + y ) = 2(xdy - ydx)
2
137. The given differential equation is
xdy + ydx + xy dx - .x2ydy = 0.
2
d(.x2 + y ) _ 2(xdy - ydx)
2

(x2 + y2) - (.x2 + y2) => d(xy) = xy(xdx - ydx)

d(xy) (xdy - ydx)

=> =
xy
2 d(�) 2
2
=
x2y
1 + (�)
=>
Integrating, we get
Integrating, we get
loglx2+ y21 = 2tan-1(�) + c

which is the required solution of the given differential

=> -! = logG) +c

equation.
134. The given differential equation is
=> ! +log(�)+ C = 0

xdy-ydx = x4 dx which is the required solution of the given differential

equation.
138. The given differential equation is
(4x - 3y)dx + (2y - 3x)dy = 0
Integrating, we get
=> 4xdx + 2ydy - 3 (xdy + ydx) = 0
=>
y =
x3 +c
x 3
=> 4xdx + 2ydy - 3d(xy) = 0
which is the required solution of the given differential Integrating, we get
equation.
135. The given differential equation is => 2x2+y2 -3.xy=c
xdy + ydx = sinydy which is the required solution of the given differential
equation.
=> d(xy) = sinydy
139. The given differential equation is
Integrating, we get
(siny + ysinx + })dx i
=> I

½
xy=c.,-cosy
which is the required solution of the given differential + (xcosy - cosx + }dy = 0
·equation.
.136. The given differential equation is => (sinydx + xcosydy) - (cosxdy - ysinxdx)
xdy + ydx + y2(xdy - ydx) = 0.
+(�+;)=o
=> d(xy) = y2(ydx - xdy)
=> d (xsiny) - d(ycosx) + ( � + ;) = 0
_
2
d(xy) y (ydx-xdy)
=
.x2y2 " x2y2 Integrating, we get
31
 Differential Equation

� xsiny - ycosx + log (xy) =c Integrating, we get

which is the required solution of the given differential 1 y
equation. --- =c--
·.
(x2 + y2) X
, 1•0. The given differential equation is
xdx + ydy ydx - xdy 1
=---
�- . =c
x 2
X (x2 + y2)
v.x2 + y
2

which is the required solution of the given differential

� equation.
143. The given differential equation is

� d( vx2 + y2) = u(�)

Integrating, we get ...(i)

� Let x = rcos 0 and y = rsin 0,

which is the required solution of the given differential . y
equation. � .x2 + y2 = ,2,. tan0 = -
X
141. The given differential · equation is
and xdx + ydy = rdr, xdy - ydx = ldiJ
(si; +x)dx +
2x (y _ si :x
; )
dy = 0 a2 ·r2d0_
� rdr =
;
(xdy + ydy) + ( � x dx - �x dy)
2
= 0 Integrating, 'we get

�
d + si 2x = 0
(xy) d( � }
Jrdr Ja -d0
=
2

;
2 =a 0+c
2
Integrating, we &et �

x c
sin -
-1 (�)x + c
2
xy+-: - (.x2 + y2)
� y = � = a2 tan
2
which is the required solution of the given differential
equation. �
142. The given differential equation is
dy which is the required solution.
X + Ya; 144. The given differential equation is
= r2 + 2y2 + y4 ·
dy _x2 xdx + ydy = (x2 + y2)ydy
y-x-
dx
xdx+ ydy ·
� = ydy
xdx+ ydy x4+2x2y +y4 .x2 +y2
2
� =
ydx-xdy .x2
1d '' '', /
� (log(.x2 + y2)) = ydy
(.x2 + y2)
2 2
=
.x2 Integrating, we get
' '2;
xdy+ ydx ydx-xdy 1 Y
(log(r2 + y2) =
C
= 3: ) 2+2
(x2 + /l
� log(_x2 + y2) = y2 + C

�
d(x2 + y2) _
(.x2 + y2)2 -
-2d
. (Yx) , which is the required solution.·
145. The given differential equation is
32
 Differential Equation

(x + y)dx + (x - y)dy = 0 d(x + y) = d(:xy)

(x dx - y dy) + (xdy - y dx) = 0 Integrating, we get
(x + y) = xy +
(x dx - y dy) + d(:xy) = 0 C
which is the required solution.
Integrating, we get
150. The given differential equation is
x2 'y xdy - ydx = (x + /)dx
2
- --+xy·=c
2

2 2 .
xdy - ydx
which is the required solution. = dx
146. The given differential equation is (x2 + y2)
y dx + x(x - l)dy = 0 ydx - xdy
= -dx
ydx - xdy = -x2dy (x2 + y2)

xdy - ydx = x2dy ydx- xdy

--- x2
xdy - ydx =-dx
= dy
x2 (1 + (f)2)
:::} d(f) = dy d( )
f
= -dx
Integrating, we get ( 1 + G)2)
G) = y + C
Integrating, we get

which is the required solution.

147. The given differential equation is
which is the required solution.
ydx - x(l - xy)dy = 0
151. The given differential equation is
ydx - xdy
---=ydy
x2
(¼ + �)(xdy + ydx) = dx + dy
d(f) = ydy +
(Xxy y) (xdy + ydx) = d(x+ y)
Integrating, we get
+
(Xxy y) d(:xy) = d(x + y)
G) = ( + C
d(xy) d(x + y)
which is the required solution. xy = (x + y)
148. The given differential equation is
Integrating, we get
(x + y)(dx - dy) = (dx + dy)
loglxyl = loglx + yl + loge
=} (x + y) d(x - y) = d(x + y)
:::} (xy) = c(x + y)
d(x + y)
d(x - y) = - - � -
(x+ y ) which is the required solution.
152. The given differential equation is
Integrating, we get
(x - y) = logl(x + y)I (xdy + ydx)�x2 + y2 = Jydx + x/dy
which is the required solution.
149. The given differential equation is xdy + ydx xdx + ydy
xy
=---
dx+dy=xdy+ydx �; + y2
33
 Differential Equation

d(xy) 1 d(x 2 + y2) =} (eY dx + xeYdy) = 2ydy

--=----
=}
xy 2 �x2 + y2 =} d(xeY ) = 2ydy

• d(�x2 +
l)
Integrating, we get
=---- y2
(xeY ) = - + c
2
Integrating, we get which is the required solution.
loglxyl = �x2 + y2 + C
157. The given differential equation is
2ydy + (cosx·coty - y2 )dx
which is the required solution.
153. The given differential equation is = (2xy + sinx-cosec2y)dy
2ydy - d (xy2)
(x - y )dy = y( dx + x2dy)
3

-(sinxcosec2ydy - cosxcotydx)= 0
=} xdy-y3dy = ydx + x2ydy
xdy - ydx =} 2ydy - d(xy2 ) + d(sinxcotdy)= 0
y = y2dy + x2dy
Integrating, we get
xdy-ydx
---=ydy y2 - xy2 + (sinxcotdy) = c
(x2 + y2 )
which is the required solution.
158. The given differential equation is

dy 2x - 3y + 1
dx 3x - 2y - 2
Integrating, we get
3xdy - 2(y + l)dy = 2xdx - 3ydx + dx
(Y)
x = Y2 +c
2 =}
-1
tan
=} 3 (xdy + ydx) - 2(y + l)dy = (2x + l)dx
which is the required solution. =} 3d (xy) - 2(y + l)dy = (2x + l)dx
154. The given differential equation is
Integrating, we get
(x + 2y)dy + ydx = 0
=} (xdy + ydx) + 2ydy = 0 3(xy) - 2( � + y) = (� + X) + C

=} d(xy) + 2ydy = 0 which is the required solution.

Integrating, we get 159. The given differential equation is
(xy) + y2 = C x(dy + dx) = y(dx - dy)
xdy - ydx xdx + ydy
which is the required solution.
155. The given differential equation is =
(x2 + y2 ) (x2 + y2)
=}

(x + siny)dy + ydx = 0
xdy-ydx
(xdy + ydx) + sinydy = 0
1 d(x + y )
=}

y2
2 2

d (xy) + sinydy = 0 =
2 (x2 + y2 )
=}
(1 + (f)2 )
Integrating, we get
(xy) - cosy= c d
(f) 1 d(x2 + y2)
=
which is the required solution.
(f)2 2 (x2 + y2)
=}
1+
156. The given differential equation is
eYdx + (xeY - 2y)dy = 0 Integrating, we get
34
 Differential Equation

ydx-xdy
y2
d (xy)
( 1 + (f)2)
=> =--
which is the required solution. (.xy)
2

160. The given differential equation is

x(logx - 1
tan- x)dy + ydx = (� )dx a(f) d(xy)
--
1 + x2
r + (�)2 (.xy)
2

=> x(logx - tan- - + 1

x)
dy
dx
xy
y = --
l+x2 Integrating, we get
(X) + 1 c
- dy xy
-1
x(logx tan- x)-
tan xy
=
=> I
= -- - y y
dx l+x2
which is the required solution.

x(logx - tan- I dy
x)- =y (-- - 1 )
X
163. The given differential equation is
dx l+x z x3 xdy - x2y2dx = x4dy + x3ydx

d = --
(logx - tan-I x)- X
--
y ( 1) x2y(xdy - ydx)
= (xdy + ydx)
l+x2 X
y
dx X 3

=> ! {y(logx - tan-1 x)} = 0

xy
(
xdy -ydx
)
x2 =d
(xy)

( )
Integrating, we get
=> a(-�X ) = d(xy)
xy
y (tan-1 x - logx) = C
Integrating, we get
which is the required solution.
y
161. The given differential equation is log l.xyl -X = C

x(dy - xdx
)
+ ydx =o which is the required solution.

=> xdy + ydx = x2dx

164. The given differential equation is
dx + x(ydx+ xdy) = e-xy dx
=> d"(xy) = x2 dx
=> dx + x d(xy) = e-xy dx
Integrating, we get
=> (1 - e-xy)dx + xd(xy) = 0
xy=-+c
x2
3 => dx
+ d(xy) = O
X (1 -e-xy)
which is the required solution.
162. The given differential equation is Integrating, we get

dy fogl.xl + loglexy - 11 = loge

y-x-
dx
---. . 1 1 => x(tfY - 1) = C
=- +-
dy x2 y
y+x­
2
which is the required solution.
dx
165. The given diff�renyal equation is
ydx-xdy
ydx + xdy
x2 + y2
=--
(xy)2
y(y2 dx - =
+ (x1-dy xydx)) e-Y dy

ydx-xdy ydx + xdy

y3dx + - =
xy(xdy ydx) e-Y dy

(x2 + y2)
=
(.xy)
2 X dy
y3dx+xy3( .
-
--- ydx
) :eY dy
_.!

. y2
35
 Differential Equation

=>
X
Integrating, we get
/dx + x/d(-xy) = e-Y dy
(xy) 2 . y4 . a2y2 x4 a2x2
16i· The given differential equation is
,2 2 2 4 2
-+-+-=---+c

ydx - xdy + xy2dx = 0

which is the required solution.
=> xdy - ydx = xy2dx
169. The given differential equation is
xdy - ydx (1 + xy)ydx + x(l - xy)dy 0
=> = xdx =
x2
=> ydx + xdy + xy(ydx -xdy) = 0
=> => d(xy) + xy(ydx - xdy) = 0
Integrating, we get d(xy)
+ (ydx - xdy) = 0
(xy)

d(xy)
= (xdy - ydx)
. which is. the required solution. (xy)
167. The given differential equation is d(xy) =(xdy c:... ydx) ·dy _ dx . .
(xy)2 .
=
xy y X

Integrating, we get ,

-! = loglil + C

=> which is the required solution.

(x2 + y2)
' ' ' 170. The given differential equation is

2(xdx - ydy) . (ydx - xdy) l)dx

----=---
(x2 - y2) (x2 + /) :,c2;y2 =
( x2 : y2-

=> xdy = y<4 - (x2 + y2)dx

=> xdy - ydx = -(x2 + y2)dx

=>
xdy - ydx
=> ·= -dx '
(x2 + y2)

xdy- ydx
x2'
----2 =-dx
Integrating, we get (1 + (i) ) .
loglx2 - y21 tan (�) + C
d(�)
'"" 1
=
--- =-dx
which is the requited solution. (1 +
2
(i) ) ''
168. The given dffferential' equAtio1fis
(x2 + f + ,i)y dy = (/- -l- a2)x dx Integrating, we get

=> x2ydy + y2xdx + (y3 + a2y) dy = (; - a2x)dx tat((i}� C -X

=> xy(xdy + ydx) + (y3 + a2y)dy a2x)dx

which is the require,d solution.
= (; -

=> xyd(xy) + (y + a y)dy

3 2
= (; -
2
a x)dx 171. The given differential equation is
36
 Differential Equation

dy
x+y 4 y
d
a2 (x!- y}
+ 2y + � x+y-=-- --
•
dx 2

x-1 +y2
______;,;� = ;
dy ; dx
y-x-
dx
a2(xdy-ydx)
xdx + ydy x1-
( + y2)
2
X
dx +yy
d = · 2 • .2
=--- (r + Y)
ydx-xdy ;
xdy ydx
a2 ( )
! d(x1- + y2) -- ydx - xdy j
2 (x1- + /)2 ; =
(1
+ (�)2)
1 d x1-
( +y)
---+d- =0
2
(y)· .
a2 (
d �)
2 x( -1 + y )2 X
2
=
Integrating, we get (1 + (�)2 )
y 1
-- =c
X 2(x2 + y2)
which is the required solution.
172. The given differential equation is
xdx + ydy = mx
Integrating, we get
( dy-ydx)
xdx + ydy . mxdy
( -ydx)
=} ½ x1-( + y tan-l(�) +
2
)
= C
=----
(; + y ( + y2)
x1- which is the required solution.
2
)

175. The given differential equation is

1 d(x1- + y2 =--- md(�)
xdx + ydy
=
)

2 (x1- + y2 2
)(1 + (�) ) xy
d -ydx
...(i)

Integrating, we get
Let x = rcos9, y = rsin9
tan-t(Y)
X 2(x1- + y2 = C
+ .. 1
)
x1- + y2 = ?-, ! X
= tan9
which is the required solution.
xdy-ydx
173. The given differential equation is xdx + ydy =rdr, = sec29d9
;

�:e
X +y
dy
dx xsin2(x1- + y2)
=
?­
----
?
1

dy �
y-x­
dx
xdx + ydy xsin2(x1- + y2 :!'e = �1 ??-
?­
)

ydx-xdy 3
y d = �l _
r
xdx + ydy ( dx + xdy)
xy d9
=
sin2(x1- + y2 3

?-
__E!___=d9
) y

1 d(x1- y + x
2
(Y) �1-
x
)

2 sin2(; + y2 + y d )
Integrating, we get

Integrating, we get sin� 1 (r) = 9 + c

½ (�}2 + ½ cot(x2 + y 2
)
=c

which is the required solution. which is the required solution.

174. The given differential equation is 176. The given differential equation is
37
 Differential Equation

x dx - ydy
----:- =
1 +x2 - y2 x4 + ?siny=c
...(i)
xdy '-Y dx x +y
2 2
which is the required solution.
180. Let the equation be
Let x = rsec0, y = rtan0
y = mx,
� x2-i=? where m is an arbitrary constant ...(i)
� x dx - ydy = rdr, xdy - ydx = ?sec0d0 Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get,
rdr 1 +?
=� r
dy
-=m ...(ii)
?sec0d0 dx

� Q =sec0d0
Eliminating m, between Eqs ( i) and (ii), we get
dy y
Integrating, we get dx = x ...(iii)

loglr +�I= loglsec0 +tan01 +loge whcih is the differential equation of a family of
lines.
� (r +�? + 1)=c(sec0 +tan0) d
. -
Now replacmg y b y -- m . Eq. (m,
.. ') we get,
dx

� ( �J � y2 +�(x2 - y2) + 1) = C ( n) dx X
-d =
dx

y
dy

y
which is the required solution.
177. The given differential equation is dy dx
y = --:x
�
sin(i)(ydx - xdy)=xl(xdy + ydx)
Integrating, we get
xdy
sin(f)(ydx/ )=xyd(xy) f; =-f �
� sin(f )d(f)=xyd(xy)
� loglyl =loglcl - loglxl :; log[ f[
� xy = C
Integrating, we get which is required orthogonal trajectories.
(xy)2
-cos( )=- - +c
X
y 2 181. The given family of corves are
which is the required solution; x2+y2=a2
178. The given differential equation is Differentiaint w.r.t. x, we get
xdy - ydx +y2 = y2(xdy +y dx ) = 0
dy
� y2d(xy) = y dx - xdy
2x +2y dx = 0

ydx- xdy dy
� d(xy)= x+y =O ...(i)
2 dx
y
dy -tan45°
dy
Replacing dx by __d___ ::;:
dx

Integrating, we get 1 +; tan45 °

� (xy-f)=c y
d--1
which is the required solution. � in Eq. (i), we get
dy
179. The given differential equation is 1+
dx
(4x3 +?siny)dx +?cosydy = 0
dy
� (4x3)dx +(?sinydx +?cosydy) = 0 - -1
x+y =0
dx

� (4x )dx +d(?siny)=0

3
dy
1 +-
Integrating, we get dx 38
 Differential Equation

x2 y2
2- 2 + logl l = C
y

dy � (x2 -y 2) + 2loglyl = C
(x + y) = (y - x)
dx which is the required orthogonal trajectories.
dy y-x 183. Given curve is
.. :(ii)
d,x =
y+x x2+y2 - ay = O
which is . a homeogeneous differential equation. dy dy
dy dv 2x + 2y dx -a dx = 0
Put y = V X � - = V + X -
dx dx . dy
dv V - 1 2x + 2y
V +x- = -- dx
dx V + 1 a = ----
dy
x- v-1-v =. v-1-v2-v
dv = -- -�--- dx
dx v+l v+l
Eliminating a between (i) and (ii), we get
�)dv
= -� dy
(; : 2x + 2y
dx
(x2 + y2) - ---y=O
Integrating, we get dy
½ loglv2 + 11 + tan- 1 v = c -logx
dy
dx
dy
(x2 + y2) - ( 2x + 2y ) y= 0
� log lx2 + y 21 + tan- 1 ( i) = c dx dx
dy
which is the required trajectories of the given family (x2 + l - 2y. 2)-, = 2xy
dx
of curves.
dy
182. The given curve is (x2 -y 2)- = 2xy
dx
. ; +y2 = l ...(i)
dy 2xy
dy =---
2ax + 2y dx = 0 dx (x2 -y 2)

dy Replace dy!dx by - dxldy, we get

ax+y dx = 0 ...(ii)
-dx
-= 2xy
Solving Eqs (i) and (ii), we get dy (x2 -y2)

dy dy l-x2
+y 2 .
dx
= �
xy dx =1
d
xy y l-l
( i) 2 - 1
dx =
=

2(i)
dy 1-l
-=-- dv v2-1
dx xy V + X- = --, V = -XY
dx 2v
dy
Replace dx by -dx ' we get dv v2-1
dy x-= ---v
dx 2v
dx 1-l
�dy= xy v 2 -1
=-�
xdx = (y-½)dy
2vdv dx
dy (v2 + 1)
=
-x
xdx -ydy + -'-- = 0
y Integrating, . we get
Integrating, we get loglv2 + 11 + loglxl = loge
39
 Differential Equation

=> x(v2 + 1) = c Integrating, we get

=> x2 + y2 - ex :i:. 0 loglxl + loglyl = log (c2)
which is the required orthogonal trajectories. => xy=c2
1 '1-. The given. curve is which is the required orthogonal trajectories:
y2 = ...(i) ' 187. The given equation is
4ax
(x + y + p)( 2x + p) = 0
=> 2y = 4a
dy

dx => (x + y + p) = 0 ...(i)
ydy and (2x + p) = 0 ...(ii)
a= 2dx ...(ii)
=>
From Eq. (i), we get,
Eliminating a from Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
+y+x O
dy

y = 4x{�!) dx
=
2

dy dy
+y =.-x
=> y 2x­ dx
dx
=

Replacing dyldx by ..... dx/dy, we get which is a linear differential equation.

dy => y.� = -Jx�dx+c1
Y = 2x X -­
. dx = -�(X - 1) + Ct
=> ydy + 2xdx = 0 => . y = -(x - 1) + c1e-x ...(iii)
Integrating, we get
y2 Also, from Eq. (ii), we get,
-+x2 = c
2 dy
+2x = O
which is the . required orthogonal trajectory. dx
185. Given curve is => dy = -2xdx
xy = c2 => ...(iv)
x!+ y = 0 Hence, the required solution is
+ (x :-· 1)- c:e��(y .+ x2 -c) = 0.
=>
dy

dx
= -:xy (y
188. The given equation. is� ' - .

Replacing dyldx by -dx/dy, we get p - p(� + e-� + 1 = 0

2
...(i)
dx
- =
dy
y
-:x => p -
2
P(� + )x'.) + 1= 0.
=> xdx-ydy = 0
=> p2�- p(e2x + 1) + � 0 =
=> 2xdx - 2ydy = 0
=> p2�-pe2x -p+ �=0
Integrating, we get
=> p� (p - � - l(p - � = .Q
x2-y2 = a2
which is the required orthogonal trajectories. => (p- �(p�-:- 1) = 0
186. The given curve is => (p- �) = 0 ...(ii)
x2 -y2 = c .
2
and (�.;. 1) = 0 •••(111)
. dy
=> 2x- 2y-,- 0 From Eq. (i), we get,
dx
=

dy X dy = �
=> =
dx y dx
Replacing dyldx by -dxldy, we get => dy = �dx

dx X Integrating, we get
-
dy
=
y => y=�+C1 .:.(iv)
dx+ dy O. From Eq. (iii), we get,
X
=

y.
40
 Differential Equation

dy => (p - y}(p + X + y) = 0
-·lf-1=0
dx => (p - y) = 0, (p + X + y) = 0
cdy = dx When (p - y) = 0
=> dy = e- dx dy
x

=y
Integrating, we get dx
=> y = Cz - e-x dy
Hence, the general solution of Eq. (i) is y = dx
(x - e- - c)(y - e-x - c) = 0. Integrating, we get
x

189. The given equation is loglyl =X+ Cl

p +2pycotx=y (p+x+y)=0,
2
2
...(i) When
=> dy
2
(p +y cotx) =y (1 + cot x)
2 2
+ (x + y)
=> dx
2 = 0
(p + ycotx) =y2cosec x 2

=> (p+y cotx)=± ycosecx dy

- + y=-x
dx
=> p =y(cosecx - cotx) ...(ii)
which is a linear differential equation
and p=-y(cosecx - cotx) ...(iii)
Thus, IF=}dx=lf
From Eq. (ii), we get,
dy
Thus, the solution is
dx
=y(cosecx - cotx) y.e x = -fxlf dx + C
dy => y.e = -(X - l)C + Cz
x
y =(cosecx - cotx)dx
Hence, the required solution is
dy
=( 1 -. cosx}dx (loglyl - x c 1)( y.lf + (x - l)c - c2) =0
Y smx
dy
191. The given differential equation is
=> y=tan (X2)dx p y + (X - y)p - X = 0
2

Integrating, we . get => p2y + px - PY - x = 0

=> py(p - 1) + x(p - 1) = 0
loglyl =2loglsec(i)' + 2log(c 1 )
=> (py + x)( p - 1) = 0
=> Y= cf ( sec2 (i)) => (py + x) = 0, (p - 1) = 0

From Eq. (iii), we get When (py + x) =0

ydy
dy +X=0
=-y(cosecx+ cotx) dx
dx
=> ydy + x dx = 0
dy
y=-(cosecx+ cotx)dx Integrating, we get
x2 + y = c2
2

=>
Integrating, we get
dy 2 2 2
Y=-cot ( dx X)
2 => x2+y 2 =c2
=> logy =2logc2 - 2log(sin(i)) When (p - 1) =0
p=l
=> y (sin2 (1))=c 2 dy
dx
= 1
Hence, the required solution is
=> dy=dx
Integrating, we get
190. The given differential equation is y = X + Cl
p2 + px - xy - y2 = 0 Hence, the solution is
=> (p2 - y2) + x(p � y) = 0 (x2 + y 2 - c2)(y - X - C1) = 0
41
 Differential Equation

192., The given differential equation is Integrating, we get

(p2-1).xy= (x2-y2 )p x2-l=a2
=> pxy-xy-p
2
_x2 +py2 =0 Hence, the required solution is
=> p2.xy-px 2 + p y2-xy=0 (xy-C)(_x2-y2-a2)= 0
=> px(py-x) + y (py-x)=0 194. The given equation can be written as
X=yp + a
=> (px + y )(py-x) = 0 ...(i)
Differentiaing w.r.t. y, we get
(px + y)=0, (p y-x) = 0
dp
=>
dx
When (px + y)=0 -=p + y -:-
dy dy
(:x + y)=0 dp
- =p + y -
=> 1
p
=>
dy
dx+
=O
dy

- =
=>
p p) y dp
(1- dy
X y =>
Integrating, we get
dy
dp=
_!_)
logx + logy = log c =>
(l-p2
x y= C
y

=>
( --2 ) dp=-
-2p . -:;- 2d")I
When (py-x)= 0 =>
y
l-p
=> ( y :-x)=o Integrating, we get
logll-p21= loge- 2 Jog lyl
=> xdx- ydy =0
=> logll-ii=log1;21
Integrating, we get
y => (1-p2)=
. -
y
C
x----=-
2 2 c21 2

2 2 2
x2 -l=ci
=> p2 =(1-;2) ...(ii)

Hence, the required �olution is Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
(xy-c)(_x2 � y2-c21 )=0 =a± y�l- C
y
X
2
193. The given differential equation is
x yp -(x2 + y2)p + xy=0 which is the required solution of Eq. (i)
2

=> x yp2-x2p-y2p + xy=0 195. The given equation can be written as

=> px(p y-x)-y(py-x)=0 x=½(;-li } ...(i;
(px-y)(py-x) = 0
Differentiaing w.r.t. y, we get
=>
(px-y)=0, (py - x)= 0
dx dp p
=>
(px-y)=0 =_! ( _! _ I_2 _ 2yp2 _ 2py2 d )
When dy 2P p dy ·, · dy
(:x-y)=0
=>
dx
.! .! (.! -
P
=
2 P
I_ dp.- 2yp2-2py2 dp)
p2 dy .•

k-
dy

X y
d
=> ---=0
y

dp
y dp -2yp4-2p3y2 )
dy
Integrating, we get 2p=
dy
logx-logy= loge
=> X= c y p + 2yp4=-(y:-2p3y2:)
When (py-x)=0
dp
p(l + 2yp3)= -y dy (1 + 2p3y)
=> (y:-x)=o

=> xdx-ydy = 0 (1 + 2yp3)(p + y:) = 0

42
 Differential Equation

Differentiating, w.r.t. y, we get

� (p + y:) = 0 d d
2p(1 - p2 - 2py p)-2(y '- p2y) p
• � d(py) = 0
Integrating, we get
dx
dy
=
dy

4 p2
dy

PY=e dp ··. dp
y - 2py-) -(y - p2y)-
p (1 - p
2
1 dy dy
� p =c -=----------
p
...(ii)
2p 2
Eliminating p between Eq. (i) and (ii), we get
dp dp dp
y = 2 .x + 3
e e
3

.y2 2p = p -. p - 2p y·dy
2
-- Y:--:- p2y-
3

dy dy
+
y
y
dp
2dP
y2 = 2ex + e 3 'r p = -p - p
3
y
dy
dy
-y
:-,
which is the required solution.
dp
196. The given differential eq_uation is p(p2 + 1) = -(p + l)y ay,i
2

y logy =xyp + p2 dp
2

p =-y-
...(i)

y2logy-p2 dy
X=
yp
dp
dy
=O
p p
+
Differentiaing w.ri y, we get
� p y =e ...(ii)
yp (2 y logy + y - 2pt)-(y2Jog y -p2)(p + y t) Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
dy
dx - (yp)2 y2 + 2ex e2 =
which is the required solution.
� y2p = y (2ylog
p y + y � 2p !) 198. e(4x - e)2 = 64y
199. The given differential equation is .
-(r logy - p2)(p + y:)
yp = 2p x + y2p
2 4
...(i)
· .2 3
=> y: (y2logy--'- p2).= p()f logy..;.. p2) � x=- ----
yc-yp
2p
dp Differentiating, w.r.t. y, we get
y-=p
dy
1 3 . - .2 3 dp
2 2 dP
)
dy = dp dx = l
p
'- 2yp - 3yp dy - (y y p ) dy
p p (
� 2 p2
Integrating, we get
dy

� l�gp = logy + loge �p +2yjJ4 +2y2p3 : + y!·=rO

� p= er ...(ii)
Eliminating p b�tween Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
lo�y =ex+ e2
which is the required solution .of (i)
197. The give� differential equation is
p2y+2px= y ...(i)
� 2px=y-p2y
y "--p2y
X: 2p
43
 Differential Equation

=> PY= e ...(ii) which is. a linear. clifferentilll equation .

Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
. . IF �· �fdp / ..
=e
Hence, the required solution of Eq. (ii) is
• y2= 2cx + e3
which is the required solution. J
x.e P =-2a pe Pdp =-2ae P(p - l) + e
200. The given differential equation is => x= -2a(p - 1 ) + ee-p ...("')
m
xp2-yp- p+l=0 ...(i) Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (iii), we get the
yp+p-l required solution of Eq. (i).
=> x=---
p2 202. The given equation is
y=yp + 2px
2
Differentiating, w.r.t. y, we get
2px
=> y = -- ·
dp dp dp l-p2
dx =
2(
. p p + y- - -) - 2(yp + p - l)p-
dy dy dy
.
- Differentiaing w.r.t. x, we get
dy p4 2dp ·
---=- ax·
p(p -. , 1) . X
2
3 3 2 dp 2 dP
=> p = p + p y- - p -
dy dy
=>
1
(_ _. +' � · _ = dx ±)'dp
- 2p2y--,-,
dp p-l . ·p+l. . P· X
dp - 2p2d P
- + 2p-
dy dy dy Integrating, we · get
=> p2y- dp - p2dp dp
- - 2p2y- loglp - 11 + loglp +11 7 logl/1 = loglxl + loge
. qy dy i 'dy
/- 1
- 2p2 - + 2p- = 0
dp dp => log = logic xi
dy p2
dy
p2- l
=> dp=O � .-,--. =ex
2
dy p
=> dp=0 => 2 1- 2
P, :- · -,p ex.
=> p=C ...(ii) => p2 (1 - ex)=l
Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii) we get => }·�((l=�x))
ye=e x - e + l
2

which is the required solution. p = v(l

= ex) ...(ii)
201. The given equatiorl is y ==" (1 + p) x + ap2 ...(i) Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
Differentiaing w.r.t. x, we get 2x�l - ex + exy = o:
dy .. · .dp dp which is the· required solution.
={l +p�'· l +x dx+ 2ap dx
dx 203. The given differenti� �quation i� /
1
...(i)
' (.

1
y = 2px + tan- (xp )
2
,\. dp dp
p =Al+ p)· l + \J + 2ap Differentiating w.r.t. · x, we ,get
x
.
dx
(lp.
·. p+2px� ·······
2
. dp dy dp dx
(.x+ 2ap) 'd.x = -1 =
dx 2P + 2x dx + 1 + (xp2)2

=> dx=-(x +
dp
2ap)
=> (-P - i, !)o + #> =/�:1px:
,,Ul:i �P
dx + X=-2ap ...(ii) => -p-2x:,�JJ}x2 2
dp +1pf:
44

i
 Differential Equation

dp dp ,.. 3 4 dp dy dp 4dp
=>-p - p5X-2 - p2 =+ 2x- +·. 2x-
dx + LXp - dx dx + p + x dx = 2px dx + 4x32
p
dx
dp 4dp
=> -p (1 + p4; - p) =+ 2x(p + 1 + J-p4): p + p + x dx =2px dx + 4x32
p

dp 4 dp
=> -p=2x => (x - 2px ) dx = 4x p - 2p
32
dx
2 dx dp
dp 3
=>-+-=0
p X
x(l - 2px3) dx = 2p(2x p - 1)

=> 2logp + logx=loge 3 dp 3

x(l - 2px) dx =-2p(l - 2x p)
=> p2x = e ...(ii)
dp
Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (iii), we get the X dx = -2p
required solution of Eq. (i).

y = 2(l)x + tan- 1(e) =>

dp 2dx =
p
+
X O

=> y= 2.../cx + tan- 1 (e) Integrating, we get

which is the required solution. logp + 2logx = loge
204. The given differential equation is => 2
px = e ...(ii)
J-p4 + 2xp = y Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (iii), we get the
required solution of Eq. (i)
=> y=p4J- + 2px ...(i)
y+f+c2
dy dp dp
-=2xp4 + 4J-p3_
dx + 2p + 2x-
dx which is the required solution.
dx
206. The given differential equation is
dp dp
p =2xp4+ 4J-p3 dx + 2p + 2x dx ...(i)
y = psinp + cosp
dp dy , dp dp , dp
-2xp4 - p =(4J-p3 + 2x) -
dx dx =smp- + pcosp- - smp­
-
dx dx dx
dp dp
2x(2xp
3
+ 1) =-p(2xp3 + 1) p = pcosp dx
dx
dp dp
2x-=
dx -p => cosp =1
dx
dpdx
=> 2- = --,- => cosp dp = dx
p X
Integrating, we get
Integrating, we get
2log lpl =loge - log lxl sinp = x + c ...(ii)
Eliminating p from Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
2loglpl =logl:il
2 X y = (x + c)sin-1(x +,c) + �1 - ( x+ c)2
P =c ...(ii)
Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii), we get which is the required solution.
207. The given differential equation can be written as
y = 2.../cx + e2
y=Px-�-1
2 ...(i)
which is the required solution. p
205. The given differential equation is Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
y + px = x p 4 2
...(i)
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
45
 Differential Equation

dP 2dP 211. The given differenti�

=> P = P+x-+--· •. eqy, atiq11. it
. ·. ·' <,. . . . '', ' '" ·.'. ; ';_�,
.,, •1•'
dx p2dx (x � a)r + (x - y)P - y = 0

• '=> 1-)
dP
(x + p2 dx = 0 ..
=> rx + Px - a/'2 = (P + l)y
=> (P + l)y = P(P + 1)x - ar
=> :=Oor(x+;)=o
=> y = Px -
ar
(P + 1)
=> P = c ...(ii)
which is a Clairaut differential equation.
or 2
x = --
p2
...(iii) Hence, the solution is
ac2
Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (ii), we get y=cx---·
(c + 1)

y = cx-7:- 1
2 212. The given differential equation is
which is the genral solution of Eq. (i). y = Px + a�l + p2
Eliminating p between Eqs (i) and (iii), we get which is a Clairaut differential equation;
(y + 1)2 + 8x = 0 Hence, the solution is
which is the singular solution of Eq. (i). y = cx+.��1+ c2
208. The given differential equation .is / 213. The given differential equation is
J>3x - ry -1 = o_ y = p(x -.l.ib) +F:
=> ry = Px - 1
=> y = px+(i�bp)
1
=> Y=P x--
p2 which is a Clairaut differential equation,
which is a Clairaut differential equation. Hence, the solution is .
. Hence, the solution is y=cx+(%-bc)'
1
y = c x-- 214. The given differential equation is
c2
209. The given differential equation is, - d 2y . '
= x + smx
(y + l)P - xr ,+ 2 dx2
.·
= 0
(dy)
' '

=> (y + l)P = p2x - 2 => d - =x_ + smx

-
dx dx
=> (y + 1) = Px - � Integrating, we get
p
x2 - COSX' + C1' '
=> y = Px -(i + 1) dy'
dx
=
2
Again integrating, we get
which is a Clairaut differential equation.
Hence, the solution is· => y ::: x3 - Sirt.X' + C1X + C2
y = ex - (¾ + 1) ' 6
which is the required solution.,'
210. The given differential equation is 215. The given differential ·equation is
2 ' ' ', • ,,·
siny cosPx - cosy sinPx - P = 0 dy = e2x + t+ 2014
=> sin(y - Px) = P dJ-

.!.(dy} = e
1
(y - Px) = sin- (P)
=>
=>
dx dx
2x
+ t + 2014
=> y = Px + sin- (P) 1 ' '
Integrating, we get
which is a Clairaut differential equation.
Hence, the solution is dy e2x , .. .· · .
y= 'ex+ sin- 1(c)
- = -. + # + 2014 + Ct
dx 2
46
 Differential Equation

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�2x
�g eeu O
�( �! �} �=eO �tanx �- �cot �x �+eOc �1
�::,:eO �!:_eO��+eO eO�+ � 1 � 0�0�7eneO �+eO �+eO
�• �w�h i c eO
�4eO
�iseO �th�eO e�qui�re�deO �solutin.eO
�A�gai�neO I� t�argetn ,�,gni Oe Oe�) �g e t O
eCeO �=eO �log(c�osx)eO �- �log( Oe)�xnis �+eO �c �1 �x �+eOc �2
�2�1 6 . �T�heeO v�ig n�e Oe d� ff�i e� e�r al�itn Oe �e q u a t�i o neO �i s
2
� ��eO �=eO �log(c�o�teth�)eO �+eOc 1� �xeO+ �C�zeO
�d ezeO �.eO�2
�dx2eO �=eO m�s Oe et Oeh�ciw �iseO �th�eO ei�qudeO �s o l u t i n .eO
1 � 2 � .�9 �T�heO �giv�enO �d�iff�erntialeO �e q u a t�i o neO �i s

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�x �tfy
�dx2eO
es�oc+x �·
m�s= 2 �4 �4

�I�ne- g r ael�i n�g ,eO �w e O �g e t O �=eO�1eO�- �2 s i n �2

eai�cos �2
�x
�(!} =� �½ J� n�ige2 dx�2x Oe �+eO �c �1 �=eO1 �-
eieO �1eO .� eO�2
m�s Oe
�2
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�. �1
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1eO� (� �1eO�-
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�4eO
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�+eOc �1
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�-�=�c�o s �xeO
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� �!() �=eO �c�os �3 x� �=
�+eO Oe4�6
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 Differential Equation

2p- = 3y2
dp
±t:2cj dy
=> =
=>
(:)

• -dy -=+ dx => 2pdp = 3y2dy

=>
[2;'"""J
•-VY --
a2 Integrating,we get
i;i
p = y + Ct
T

Again integrating,we get

2 3

log + �y2+ cf
IY I ,.;, c2 ± ax2 y
=> (:r 3
+ Ct

which is the required sohltion.

=

225. The given differential equation is ±· VY+c 1

d2y
=>
(!) =
3

e2y When x=-2,y=-land(dy) =-1

·.
=
dx2 dx x=-2
d
=> p.J!.. = e2y
dy
=> pdp = e2Y Thus,
(!) = ±vl+2
Integrating,we get
dy
e2y c = ±dx
-=-+-1
p2
+2
=>
2 2 2 vl
=> p2 =· e c 1
2y : 227. The given differential equation is

=> (:r = e2Y + c1 y3(�) = -1

=>
(!) = ±Ve2Y + Ct d2y
dx2 =-y3
1

dy = :!;dx 1
e2 C 2p'
: => dp
v y => = -�
+
Again integrating,we get
t
dy y

'f ·dy ··
·,·. 2pdp = - dy
c+x � y3
=>

Integrating,we get
2- ' .t2}'.'
�e . +
e-Ydy
Ct

p2 =-- 1+
=f Vl + c e�2y 2y2
Cl

dy 2 __1
1

d. e-Y (dx ) = _+ Ct
2y2 .
t

J' 1v1 + cl·dt

=- , t=

dy 2 2c 1r- 1
J 1 => (dx ) =
2y2
''
= __
../Ct· '�t2 +( )2
When x=-l,y=-1,(dy)·· =0
dx x=-l
; �

=--1.l9glt+vt2. + 1 1
../Ct. . . ,· , ../Ct I Ct =
2
= __l_fogle-Y+' ve-2+ 1
y
t21
-

( = ±
../Ct
226. The given differential equation is
' ../Ct I :) I

2 ydy dx '
dy
=+ ,, -. 2
2
dx2
= 3y2 vr - 1 •; : ,
49
 Differential Equation

Again integrating, we get

'VY -1 = C2 ± 2
=> .� X

(x4 + c1x2 ) +
• which is the required solution.
228. The given differential equation is
y=
6 2 C2
which is the required solution.
d2y dy
x-+-+x O ...(i) 230. The given differential equation is
cJJ, dx
=

y� +(tr= 1

dp
yp + p =l
2

dp dy
x +p+x O dp 2
=

yp- = l - p
dx

xdp + p dx + x dx= 0 dy
p dy
d(xp) + xdx = 0 --dp = -
l-p2 y
Integrating, we get Integrating, we get
x2
Xp = -2 + Cl _ _! logll-p21= logy+ logc 1
2
dy x2
X dx -1-
::; -2 + Cl = (C1Y)2
l - p2
dy X Cl
-'--=-- +- l-p2
1
dx X 2
=-
cf l
=> dy = (-i+;)dx
p2-l=-l­
cfy
-1
Again Integrating, we get 2

y= + Cl loglxl + C2

which is the required solution.

229. The given differential equation is C1Y
dy � dx
d2y -
-= l dy �cfy2- 1
dJ- -+x
X dx
Again integrating, we get
d'
..f !!.+x �cfy
X
2
-1
x+ C2
=
dx - --
cI
=

xdp = pdx + x2dx

2

which is the required solution.

xdp - pdx
= dx 231. The given differentia1 equation is
x2
y
y d2y _ (�y )2 = l(dx
d )
dx2 dx
dp 2 2
pyd -p yp
Integrating, we get
y
=

P.= xz .
X 2 + C1 dp .· ' 2
-p = y
dy
y-
=> p
.2
x3 +.. C1X
ydp-pdy= y2dy
:::::

dy - -pdy
=2x3 + C1 ydp- -=·dy
dx
X
y2

dy=(� +c1x)dx d
( ;)
= dy
50
 Differential Equation

Integrating, we get Integrating, we get

p
= logtx2 + c 1 1 + 2atan-'(�) + y= c2
)I y + Ct
P = Y + C1Y which is the reqired solution.
dy 233. Given differential equation is
=y2 + C1Y

-¼(!)z (!)
dx

dy X� =
=dx
y +c,y
2
dp 1
x---p2 = p
dy dx 4
dx
y(y + c,)
=

dp p .
2
(P +1 )
(.!.y - - 1- ) d
y + c,
y = dx
x
dx
=
4+p = p 4
4dp
Again integrating, we get
I
=-
p(p +4)
x
logly � c =x + cz
1 (.!. __
p
1 )dp =
dx
X
which is the required solution. p+4
232. Given differential equation is Integrating, we get

(x
d2y
+ a) dx2 + x (dy)2
dx =
(d y )
dx
log!_!_
p +4
I= loglxl +logc 1

dp -·p - = c,x
(x +a) dx + xp = p
2

p+4
dp xp2 p p+4
- 1
-+-.- =--
+a p- = c,x
dx (x +a) x

dp p xp2 l +p4 = c,1

- x + a= x
dx - (x + a)
4-=-- 1
1 dp - 1 - X p C 1X -1
p2 dx p/(x +a) = (x +a)
4 1 - c,x
-1-=V
=
Put p
p c:ix

dv V X p
-+--=-- =
dx (x +a) (x + a) 4
which is a linear differential equation. 1 4c x
=> dy = --dx
IF=eL":.=eloglx + al=(x +a) 1 - c,x
Again integrating, we get
v(x +a)= x dx J y = -4x + -
1 loglc x - 11 + c
x2 C 1 2
t
v(x +a) =
2 +c which is the required solution.
1 x +a x2 234. Given differential equation is
2 +c
-p( ) =

2(x +a)
y� = 1-(:r
dx+ dy=0
x2 + c, dp
l-p2
py =
dx
�dx +-2:!:_dx + dy =0 2pdp =-2dy
x 2 + C1 + C1 x2 y
(p2 - 1) 51
 Differential Equation

Integrating, we get dp 2 =. 2
yp
dy
YP -p
loglp 2
- 11 = logC1 - logly 1 2

I�; I
dp 2
=> y = y
loglp
-p
2
- 11 = log dy

C
dp p
=> ...(i)
(p - 1) = __!_
2
--- = y
=> dy y
y2
which is a linear differential equation.
C
=> i= -.!. +1
y2 IF= e-ft = e-logy = _!_
y
C1 + y2 Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating,
we get
=
y2

=
�= J dy + Cl
p ± p
W y = y + Cl
2
dy =+ I +1 P = Y + C1Y
{
dx - 2
y = y2 + C1Y
dy

y dy dx
= dx
�y + C1
2 ±
dy = dx
y(y + C1 )
=> Integrating, we get

which is the required solution. ;l loglly: C1 l1 = X + Cz

z
235. Given differential equation is
which is the required solution.
= 2y 237. Given differential equation is
(!)
d2y + l(dy)-
0
x2 =
dp
!!_
- = 2yp dx2 X dx
dx
d2 dy
dp
= yp => ( ) =a
J-2'.+x-
=> p
dy 2 dx2 dx

dp dp
=> - = 2y x2 + xp = a
dy dx

= 2ydy adx
=> dp x dp +pdx =­x
Integrating, we get
P = y2 + C1
=> d (xp) = x
adx

Integrating, we get
dy 2
=> -= y + C1 xp = alogl.xl + c 1
dx
dy
= afogl.xl + C l
dy
=> = dx => X
(y2 + C1 )
dx
log I.xi i:::
=> �tan-
1
(k} = x + C2
=> dy = --+-1 ) dx
(a
X X

Again integrating, we get

which is the required solution.
(logl.xl)2
236. Given differential equation is

z-
y =a + C1 logl.xl + C2
2
2
= which is the required solution.
(!) i(!)
=> y
52
 Differential Equation

238. Given differential equation is 240. Given

dy
d2y (dy) lny= (dy) - = y+2x
dx
Y dx2 - Y dx dx
2

dy
dp + (-y) = 2x
y dx -ypln y = p2
which is a linear differential equation.
dx

1 dp+- lny 1
-- - T.iF =e-·fdt =1::.-x
-p = y
p2dx
dp Hence, the solution is
YP -ypln y = p
dy y-e-x = 2f xe-xdx + c
2

dp
y- -yln y = p y-e-x =-2 e-x (X + 1) + C
dy
dp which is passing through (0, 0) then c = 0.
==}

-- lny =- Hence, the required equation of the curve is

dy y
p

dp p y-e-x =-2e-x (x + 1)
--- = lny
dy y 241. Given
which is a linear differential equation. dy x4 + 2xy-1
...(i)

=
dx x2 + 1
dy = e-logly = _!
IF = e- Y J
=x2 -1 + 22xy
Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating, x +1
y

we get
dy 2x
= - 1og-y
dy + c1 --- -y = x2 -1
y I dx x2 + 1
p y)2 which is a linear differential equation.
P = (log
--+C1
y

y
1
dy IF = e x2 + I = e-logtr + 11 = --
x2 + 1
-f�dt
=dx
2 2

y( (logy):+ 2c1) Hence, the solution is

1
y-- - = x - 2tan-1x + c
. x2 + 1
= dx, (Let logy = t)
(r + 2c1 ) which passes through (0, 0), then c = 0.
2dt

Hence, the equation of the curve is

Integrating, we get
y = (x2 + l)(x - 2tan-1x)
::::} . 2 tan-1( n:;- = x + c2 24 2. Given
l/r,,-::-
2c1 .l/2c1
� ,
dy (x + 1)2 + y - 3
=
,II- tan-I(�= X + C2 dx (x + 1)
...(i)

�I x +1 X, y -3
which is the required solution. Let
-�c--;

dy = dY
Y
239. The slope of the curve
= =

= The slope of the tangent dx dX

= tanlfl= dy 1
dx =
2ydy = dx dY +
2y

(- l ).r = X
dX . X
::::} l = x+c
==}

which is a linear differential equation.

==}

which is passing through ( 4 , 3), so c = 5

Hence the equation of the curve is = e"'"'J¼dX = e�logX = _!_
y2 = X + 5.
IF
X
53
 Differential Equation

,Hence, the solution is

Y ·½ = f (x-½)dx+ e = X+ e
.!=x+e
X Also the distance between P and x-axis is lyl.
--=(X+ 1)+ e
y
y-3
X+1
l +x!I
which is passing through (2, 0) then e=-4 Thus, ---=lyl
2
Hence, the required equation of the curve is �1+ (!)
· dx 2 dy dy 2
y + ( ) x2
y-3 =(X+ 1) - 4
X+ l =
(
2 dy +2xy dx ll+
( ))
dx
y -3 (x + 1)2 4(x+ 1)
(x2 - 2) dx 2 + 2.xy dx = 0
= -

y=x2-2x y ( ) dy
dy
243. The equation of the tangent at any point (x, y) on the
curve is
dy
=> l)(t) + 2.xy) =
:( (x2 - 0

Y-y=-(X - x)
dx y2
. . · dy :=0, t
( ) ;;
=
It meets x-axis at A (x - y dx' 0 )
Now,
. dy
:=0 gives x=k
and y-axis at B ( 0, y - x )
which is passing through (1, 1), so k=1.
Thus, the equation of the curve is x 1 =
dx

Mid-point of AB
dx y2.,..x2
=
(½ (x - !), ½y (y -X !)) Also, -=0 = --
dy 2xy
It is given that, which is a homogeneous differential equation.
dy
and ½(x - y !} =x, Let y = vx =>
dx
= v+ x
dx
dv

dy v x =l-1
.!_ (y - X dx )=y +
dv

2 .
dx 2v
dy x- -l -v = -v--
dv = v--
x- = -y
2 2
+1
Thus, 2v 2v
ldv _ dx
dx

dy
dx
2v
= X
=>
+
X V2
dx
-=--

dy dx log lv2+ 11=loge - logx

=> y X
-+-=0
=> log y+ logx=loge
lv2+ 11= i
=> log(yx) loge x2+ y2 = ex
=> xy=e
which also passes through (l, 1), so e=2.
which is passing through (1, 1), then e=1. Hence, the equation of the curve is x2+ y2=2x.
Hence, the equation of the curve is 245. The Equation of the tangent at any point (x, y) is
xy=1. dy
Y - y= dx (X - x)
244. The equation of the normal at the point (x, y) is
dx It meets the x-axis at (x - y :. 0)
Y - y=--(X - x) ...(i)
dy
Given AP= 1
The distance of perpendicular from the origin to the
normal (i) is => AP 2 = 1
54
 Differential Equation

(-y:r + y2 = 1
=> 2v dv =dx
1 + V - 2v 2 X

2v
dx. )2 = � dx
=> => dv = _ X
(dy y2 2v - V- 1
2

dy
=>
y
-=±-- ( 4v - 1) + 1 2dx
�1 -l =>----dv = --
2v - v - I
dx x
2

=> �dy =+dx·

- (4v - l)dv dv
+ = -7
y 2dx
=>
Integrating, we get (2v - v - 1)
2
(2v - v - I)
2

log
I 1 + �1
Y
-l. I + �1 - y2 =c ± x => log12v2 - v - 11 +
I I
1 log 2v - 2 =c - logx
3 2v _ 1

I I I I
which is the required equation of the curve. 2y2 y 1 2y - 2x
246. The slope of the line segment joining the points (x, y) => log - - - - 1 + - log -- =c - logx
x2 X 3 ·· 2y-X
and (-4, -3) is
y +3
=> log12y2 - xy - x21 + ½loglt � �,- logx =c
x+4

Thus,
dy
= 2(
Y+ 3) which is the required equation of the curve.
dx X + 4 248. The equation of the normal at P is
dy 2·dx
Y - y = - (X - x)
dx
=> =
y+3 x+4 dy
Integrating, we get
logly + 31 =loge+ 2 log(x + 4)
It meets the x-axis at A ( x + y :, 0)
Given condition is
( y + 3) = c(x + 4)
2
=>
which is passing through (-2, 1), so c =1
Hence, the required equation of the curve is => x2 + y2 = l(:r + y 2

(y + 3) = (x + 4) 2 dy
+-X
-=-
247. The equation of the normal at P.is =>
dx y
Y- y = dx
(X - x) Taking positive sign,
dy
Thus, the points A and B are (x, 0) and
dy X
=y
dx

(x + y :, o) => ydy = x dx
x2 y2 z
Given condition is => = c
2-2 2
X+y
-X= - -
dy
+y => x2 - y2 = cz,
2
X
dx
which represents a rectangular hyperbola.
dy X+y Taking negative sign,
=
�
dx dy X
which is a homogeneous equation. dx =-y
Put y = vx=>
dy
= v+x
dv => ydy =-xdx
dx dx

dv 1 + V -+-=-
x2 y
2
a2
=> v+x-= -- =>
2 2 2
dx 2v
dv 1 + v 1 + v - 2v2 => x2 + y2 =az .
=> x-= ---v = ----
dx 2v 2v which represents a circle. 55