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Essential Windows CMD
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Commands You Should Know
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ASSOC Displays or modifies file extension associations
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MD Creates a directory
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ATTRIB https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Displays or changes file attributes MKDIR Creates a directory https://www.makeuseof.com/
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BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
MKLINK Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links
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BCDBOOT https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Used to copy critical files to the system partition and to crate a MODE Configures a system device https://
new system BCD store
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BCDEDIT Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading
MORE https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-
Displays output one screen at a time
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CACLS
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Shows or changes access control lists (ACLs) of files
MOVE Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory
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CALL https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Calls a batch program from another
NETSTAT Returns a list of currentlyhttps://www.makeuseof.com/
open ports and related IP addresses
OPENFILES Queries, displays, or disconnects open files or files opened by
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CD Shows the name of or changes to a current directory https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
network users
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CHCP Displays or sets https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
the active code page number PATH Displays or sets a search path for executable files https://
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CHDIR Displays the name of or changes to the current directory PATHPING https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-
Advanced version of ping, used if there are multiple routers
between your PC and the device you’re testing
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CHKDSK Checks a disk and displays a status report https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-
PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch file
CHKNTFShttps://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
know/ Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time https://www.makeuseof.com/
PING Sends a series of test packets to the specified address
CHOICE Batch file command that allows users to select from a set of
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options
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POPD Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by
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CIPHER Displays or alters the encryption of directories (files) on NTFS PUSHD
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partitions POWERCFG Manages and tracks energy utilization and power consumption
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CLIP Redirects output off another command to the Windows clipboard PRINT
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Prints a text file
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CLS Clears the screen https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-
PROMPT Changes the Windows command prompt
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CMD https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter PUSHD Saves the current directoryhttps://www.makeuseof.com/
then changes it
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CMDKEY Creates, lists, and deletes stored user names and passwords orhttps://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
RD Removes a directory
credentials
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COLOR
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Sets the default console colors
RECIMG Configures the custom Windows recovery image https://
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COMP Compares the contents of two files or sets of files byte-by-byte
RECOVER https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-
Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk
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COMPACT Displays or alters the compression of files on https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-
NTSF partitions
REM Designates comments (remarks) in batch files

know/ REN Renames a file or files https://www.makeuseof.com/

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Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the current
drive RENAME Renames a file or files
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COPY Copies one of more files to another location REPLACE Replaces files
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DATE
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Displays or sets the date
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RMDIR Removes a directory
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DEFRAG Disk defragment accessory ROBOCOPY
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Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
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DEL Deletes one or more files https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-
SET Displays, sets, or removes environment variables for current
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DIR https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Displays a list of files and sub-directories in a directory session https://www.makeuseof.com/
SETLOCAL Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file
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DISKCOMP Compares the contents of two floppy disks https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
SETX Sets environment variables
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DISKCOPY https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another https://
SFC Finds corrupt/missing files, replaces them with cached copies
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DISKPART Displays or configures Disk Partition properties
SC
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Displays or configures services (background processes)
DOSKEY Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands,
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macros SCHTASKS Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer
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DRIVERQUERY Displays current device driver status and properties SHIFT https://www.makeuseof.com/
Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files
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ECHO Displays messages, or turns commands echoing on or off https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
SHUTDOWN Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine
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ENDLOCAL Ends localizationhttps://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
of environment changes in a batch file SORT Sorts input https://
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ERASE Deletes one of more files START Startshttps://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-
a separate window to run a specified programs or command
EXIT Quits and closes the command shell
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SUBST Associates a path with a drive letter
EXPAND Expands compressed files SYSTEMINFO Displays machine specific properties and configuration
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FC Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences TAKEOWN Allows an administrator to take ownership of a file
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between them https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
TASKLIST Displays all currently running tasks including services
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FIND https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Searches for a text string in a file or files https://
TASKKILL Kill running process or applications
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FINDSTR Searches for strings in files https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-
TIME Displays or sets the system time
FOR Runs a specified command for each item inhttps://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-
commands-every-windows-user-know/ a set
TIMEOUT Pauses the command processor for the specified number of
FORFILES Selects files in a folder for batch processing
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FORMAT Formats a disc for use with Windows TITLE Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session
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FSUTIL Displays or configures the file system properties TRACERT Returns information about each step in the route between your PC
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FTYPE
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Displays or modifies file types used in file extensions associations and the target https://
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GOTO Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a
TREE https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-
Graphically displays the directory structure of a drove or path
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batch program https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-
TYPE Displays the contents of a text file
GPRESULT Displays Group Policy Information for machine or user. VER Displays the Windows version
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GRAFTABL Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics VERIFY Tells Windows whether or verify that your files are written
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mode https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-
correctly to a disk
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HELP https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/
Provides help information for Windows commands VOL Displays a disk volume label and serial number https://
ICACLS Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories
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Shadow Copy Service administration tool
IF Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
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WHERE Displays the locations of files that match a search pattern
IPCONFIG Displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values WMIC Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell
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LABEL Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk XCOPY Copies files and directory trees
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