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PHP Laravel Interview Questions

What is Laravel?
Laravel is a Symfony-based free open-source PHP web framework. It is created by Taylor Otwell and allows
developers to write expressive, elegant syntax. Laravel comes with built-in support for user authentication and
authorization which is missing in some most popular PHP frameworks like CodeIgniter, CakePHP. It one of the
most popular PHP framework which is based on MVC architecture. It was written in PHP & initially released in
June 2011. the latest version of laravel is Laravel 8, released on 8 Sep 2020. You will find here the best and
latest Laravel Interview Questions and Answers that help you crack Laravel Interviews. You can also
download the Laravel Interview Questions PDF from the given link between the post.

Q1. What is Laravel?

Laravel is a free open source "PHP framework" based on the MVC design pattern.
It is created by Taylor Otwell. Laravel provides expressive and elegant syntax that helps in creating a wonderful
web application easily and quickly.

Q2. Explain Events in laravel ?

An event is an action or occurrence recognized by a program that may be handled by the program or code.
Laravel events provides a simple observer implementation, that allowing you to subscribe and listen for various
events/actions that occur in your application.

All Event classes are generally stored in the app/Events directory, while their listeners are stored in
app/Listeners of your application.

Q3. Explain validations in laravel?

In Programming validations are a handy way to ensure that your data is always in a clean and expected format
before it gets into your database.

Laravel provides several different ways to validate your application incoming data.By default Laravel’s base
controller class uses a ValidatesRequests trait which provides a convenient method to validate all incoming
HTTP requests coming from client.You can also validate data in laravel by creating Form Request.
Laravel validation Example

$validatedData = $request->validate([
'name' => 'required|max:255',
'username' => 'required|alpha_num',
'age' => 'required|numeric',
]);

Q4. How to install laravel via composer ?

The installation of Laravel via composer is very easy. You can install Laravel via composer by running the
below command in the command prompt.

composer create-project laravel/laravel your-project-name version

Also, Read Tips to Crack PHP Interview Questions

Q5. List some features of laravel 6 ?

Laravel 6 features

Inbuilt CRSF (cross-site request forgery ) Protection.

Inbuilt paginations
Reverse Routing
Query builder
Route caching
Database Migration
IOC (Inverse of Control) Container Or service container.
Job middleware
Lazy collections

Q6. What is PHP artisan. List out some artisan commands ?

PHP artisan is the command line interface/tool included with Laravel. It provides a number of helpful
commands that can help you while you build your application easily. Here are the list of some artisan
command:-

php artisan list

php artisan help
php artisan tinker
php artisan make
php artisan –versian
php artisan make model model_name
php artisan make controller controller_name

Q7. List some default packages provided by Laravel Framework?

Below are a list of some official/ default packages provided by Laravel

Cashier
Envoy
Passport
Scout
Socialite
Horizon
Telescope

Q8. What are named routes in Laravel?

Named routing is another amazing feature of Laravel framework. Named routes allow referring to routes when
generating redirects or Urls more comfortably.
You can specify named routes by chaining the name method onto the route definition:

Route::get('user/profile', function () {
//
})->name('profile');

You can specify route names for controller actions:

Route::get('user/profile', 'UserController@showProfile')->name('profile');

Once you have assigned a name to your routes, you may use the route's name when generating URLs or
redirects via the global route function:

// Generating URLs...
$url = route('profile');
// Generating Redirects...
return redirect()->route('profile');
Q9. What is database migration. How to create migration via artisan ?

Migrations are like version control for your database, that’s allow your team to easily modify and share the
application’s database schema. Migrations are typically paired with Laravel’s schema builder to easily build
your application’s database schema.

Use below commands to create migration data via artisan.

// creating Migrationphp artisan make:migration create_users_table

Q10. What are service providers in Laravel ?

Service Providers are central place where all laravel application is bootstrapped . Your application as well all
Laravel core services are also bootstrapped by service providers.
All service providers extend the Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider class. Most service providers contain a
register and a boot method. Within the register method, you should only bind things into the service container.
You should never attempt to register any event listeners, routes, or any other piece of functionality within the
register method.
You can read more about service provider from here

Q11. Explain Laravel’s service container ?

One of the most powerful feature of Laravel is its Service Container. It is a powerful tool for resolving class
dependencies and performing dependency injection in Laravel.
Dependency injection is a fancy phrase that essentially means class dependencies are “injected” into the class
via the constructor or, in some cases, “setter” methods.

Q12. What is composer ?

Composer is a tool for managing dependency in PHP. It allows you to declare the libraries on which your
project depends on and will manage (install/update) them for you.
Laravel utilizes Composer to manage its dependencies.

Q13. What is dependency injection in Laravel ?

In software engineering, dependency injection is a technique whereby one object supplies the dependencies of
another object. A dependency is an object that can be used (a service). An injection is the passing of a
dependency to a dependent object (a client) that would use it. The service is made part of the client’s state.[1]
Passing the service to the client, rather than allowing a client to build or find the service, is the fundamental
requirement of the pattern.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection

You can do dependency injection via Constructor, setter and property injection.

Q14. What are Laravel Contract’s ?

Laravel's Contracts are nothing but a set of interfaces that define the core services provided by the Laravel
framework.
Read more about laravel Contract’s

Q15. Explain Facades in Laravel ?

Laravel Facades provides a static like an interface to classes that are available in the application’s service
container. Laravel self-ships with many facades which provide access to almost all features of Laravel ’s.
Laravel facades serve as “static proxies” to underlying classes in the service container and provide benefits of a
terse, expressive syntax while maintaining more testability and flexibility than traditional static methods of
classes. All of Laravel’s facades are defined in the Illuminate\Support\Facades namespace. You can easily
access a facade like so:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
Route::get('/cache', function () {
return Cache::get('key');
});

Q16. What are Laravel eloquent?

Laravel's Eloquent ORM is simple Active Record implementation for working with your database. Laravel
provide many different ways to interact with your database, Eloquent is most notable of them. Each database
table has a corresponding “Model” which is used to interact with that table. Models allow you to query for data
in your tables, as well as insert new records into the table.

Below is sample usage for querying and inserting new records in Database with Eloquent.

// Querying or finding records from products table where tag is 'new'

$products= Product::where('tag','new');
// Inserting new record
$product =new Product;
$product->title="Iphone 7";
$product->price="$700";
$product->tag='iphone';
$product->save();

Q17. How to enable query log in Laravel ?

Use the enableQueryLog method to enable query log in Laravel

DB::connection()->enableQueryLog();
You can get array of the executed queries by using getQueryLog method:
$queries = DB::getQueryLog();

Q18. What is reverse routing in Laravel?

Laravel reverse routing is generating URL's based on route declarations. Reverse routing makes your
application so much more flexible. It defines a relationship between links and Laravel routes. When a link is
created by using names of existing routes, appropriate Uri's are created automatically by Laravel. Here is an
example of reverse routing.

// route declaration

Route::get('login', 'users@login');

Using reverse routing we can create a link to it and pass in any parameters that we have defined. Optional
parameters, if not supplied, are removed from the generated link.

{{ HTML::link_to_action('users@login') }}

It will automatically generate an Url like http://xyz.com/login in view.

Q19. How to turn off CRSF protection for specific route in Laravel?

To turn off CRSF protection in Laravel add following codes in “app/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php”

//add an array of Routes to skip CSRF check

private $exceptUrls = ['controller/route1', 'controller/route2'];
//modify this function
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
//add this condition foreach($this->exceptUrls as $route) {
if ($request->is($route)) {
return $next($request);
}
}
return parent::handle($request, $next);}

Q20. What are traits in Laravel?

PHP Traits are simply a group of methods that you want include within another class. A Trait, like an abstract
class cannot be instantiated by itself.Trait are created to reduce the limitations of single inheritance in PHP by
enabling a developer to reuse sets of methods freely in several independent classes living in different class
hierarchies.

Here is an example of trait.

trait Sharable {

public function share($item)

{
return 'share this item';
}

You could then include this Trait within other classes like this:

class Post {

use Sharable;

class Comment {

use Sharable;

Now if you were to create new objects out of these classes you would find that they both have the share()
method available:

$post = new Post;

echo $post->share(''); // 'share this item'

$comment = new Comment;

echo $comment->share(''); // 'share this item'

Q21. Does Laravel support caching?

Yes, Laravel supports popular caching backends like Memcached and Redis.
By default, Laravel is configured to use the file cache driver, which stores the serialized, cached objects in the
file system.For large projects, it is recommended to use Memcached or Redis.

Q22. Explain Laravel’s Middleware?

As the name suggests, Middleware acts as a middleman between request and response. It is a type of filtering
mechanism. For example, Laravel includes a middleware that verifies whether the user of the application is
authenticated or not. If the user is authenticated, he will be redirected to the home page otherwise, he will be
redirected to the login page.

There are two types of Middleware in Laravel.

Global Middleware: will run on every HTTP request of the application.
Route Middleware: will be assigned to a specific route.
Read more about Laravel middlewares

Q23. What is Lumen?

Lumen is PHP micro-framework that built on Laravel’s top components.It is created by Taylor Otwell. It is
perfect option for building Laravel based micro-services and fast REST API’s. It’s one of the fastest micro-
frameworks available.
You can install Lumen using composer by running below command

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/lumen blog

Q24. Explain Bundles in Laravel?

In Laravel, bundles are also called packages. Packages are the primary way to extend the functionality of
Laravel. Packages might be anything from a great way to work with dates like Carbon, or an entire BDD testing
framework like Behat.In Laravel, you can create your custom packages too. You can read more about packages
from here

Q25. How to use custom table in Laravel Modal ?

You can use custom table in Laravel by overriding protected $table property of Eloquent.

Below is sample uses

class User extends Eloquent{
protected $table="my_user_table";
}

Q26. List types of relationships available in Laravel Eloquent?

Below are types of relationships supported by Laravel Eloquent ORM.

One To One
One To Many
One To Many (Inverse)
Many To Many
 Has Many Through
Polymorphic Relations
Many To Many Polymorphic Relations

You can read more about relationships in Laravel Eloquent from here

Q27. Why are migrations necessary?

Migrations are necessary because:

Without migrations, database consistency when sharing an app is almost impossible, especially as more
and more people collaborate on the web app.
Your production database needs to be synced as well.

Q28. Provide System requirements for installation of Laravel framework ?

In order to install Laravel, make sure your server meets the following requirements:

PHP >= 7.1.3

OpenSSL PHP Extension
PDO PHP Extension
Mbstring PHP Extension
Tokenizer PHP Extension
XML PHP Extension
Ctype PHP Extension
JSON PHP Extension

Q29. List some Aggregates methods provided by query builder in Laravel ?

count()
max()
min()
avg()
sum()

Also Read Laravel 5 interview questions 2019

Q30. What is Laravel Vapor?

It is a serverless deployment platform that is powered by AWS.Laravel Vapor provides on-demand auto-
scaling with zero server maintenance.

Q31. What are pros and cons of using Laravel Framework?

Pros of using Laravel Framework

1. Laravel framework has in-built lightweight blade template engine to speed up compiling task and create
layouts with dynamic content easily.
2. Hassles code reusability.
3. Eloquent ORM with PHP active record implementation
4. Built in command line tool “Artisan” for creating a code skeleton , database structure and build their
migration

Cons of using laravel Framework

1. Development process requires you to work with standards and should have real understanding of
programming
2. Laravel is new framework and composer is not so strong in compare to npm (for node.js), ruby gems and
python pip.
3. Development in laravel is not so fast in compare to ruby on rails.
4. Laravel is lightweight so it has less inbuilt support in compare to django and rails. But this problem can
be solved by integrating third party tools, but for large and very custom websites it may be a tedious task

Q32. What is the Laravel Cursor?

The cursor method in the Laravel is used to iterate the database records using a cursor. It will only execute a
single query through the records. This method is used to reduce the memory usage when processing through a
large amount of data.

Example of Laravel Cursor

foreach (Product::where(‘name’, ‘Bob’)->cursor() as $fname) {

//do some stuff
}

Q33. How to clear Cache in Laravel?

You can use php artisan cache:clear commnad to clear Cache in Laravel.
Q34. What is the use of dd() in Laravel?

In Laravel, dd() is a helper function used to dump a variable's contents to the browser and stop the further script
execution. It stands for Dump and Die. It is used to dump the variable/object and then die the script execution.
You can also isolate this function in a reusable functions file or a Class.

Q35. What is yield in Laravel?

In Laravel, @yield is principally used to define a section in a layout and is constantly used to get content from a
child page unto a master page. So, when the Laravel performs blade file, it first verifies if you have extended a
master layout, if you have extended one, then it moves to the master layout and commences getting the
@sections.

Q36. What is Laravel nova?

Laravel Nova is an admin panel by laravel ecosystem. It easy to install and maintain. Laravel Nova comes with
features that have ability to administer our database records using Eloquent.

Q37. What is the latest version of Laravel?

Laravel 8 is the latest version of Laravel. It was officially released on 11 Sep 2020. Laravel 8 has made with
new features like Laravel Jetstream, Migration Squashing, Model Factory classes, Tailwind CSS (Used for
Pagination Views), and usability improvements.

Q38. What are the best features of Laravel 8?

Laravel 8 was released with the new features. The best features of Laravel 8 are as follows -

app/Models Directory
New Landing Page
Route Caching
Maintenance Mode
Job Batching
Laravel Jetstream
Controllers Routing Namespacing
Better Syntax for Event Listening
Queueable Anonymous Event Listeners
Attributes on Extended Blade Components.
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