Answer:(1)

√ xy
RR
R
dA
x2 +y 2 +1

Given, R = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1}
R1R1 xy
∴ 0 0
√ dxdy
x2 +y 2 +1
R1 R1
= 0
( 0 √ 2xy 2 dx)dy
x +y +1
R1 R1
= 0 (y 0 √ x
dx)dy
2 2 x +y +1

Let, x2 + y 2 + 1 = u

du
⇒ 2x = dx
du
⇒ dx = 2x

x → 0, u → y2 + 1
x → 1, u → y2 + 2

R1 R y2 +2
∴ (y √x du )dy
0 y 2 +1 u 2x
R1 R y2 +2
= (y
0 2 y 2 +1
du
√
u
)dy
R1 √ 2
= 0
( y2 [2 u]yy2 +2
+1 )dy
R1 p p
= [ y (2
0 2
y 2 + 2 − 2 y 2 + 1)]dy
R1 p p
= [y( y 2+2− y 2 + 1)]dy
0

Let, v = y 2 + 1

dv
⇒ dy = 2y
⇒ dy = dv
2y

y → 0, u→1
y → 1, u→2

R2 √ √
∴ 1
y( v + 1 − v) dv
2y

1
R2 √ √
= 2 1
( v + 1 − v)dv
3 3
= 12 [ (v+1) (v) 2 2
2
3 − 3 ]1
2 2

1
 3 3
= [ (v+1) (v) 2 2
2
3
− 3 1
]
3 3 3 3
= ( (2+1) (2) 2
) − ( (1+1) (1) 2
2 2
3
− 3 3
− 3
)
3 3 3 3
= ( (3)3 − (2) 2
) − ( (2)3 − (1) 2
2 2
3 3
)
√ √ √
= (333 − 2 2
3
) − ( 2 3 2 − 31 )
√ √
2 2
√
=( 3− 3
) − ( 2 3 2 − 31 )
√ √
2 2
√
2 2 1
= 3− 3
− 3
+ 3
√ √
4 2 1
= 3− 3
+ 3
√ √
4 2+1
= 3− 3
√ √
3 3−4 2+1
= 3
(Ans)

Answer:(2)
R −a R −√a2 −x2
√ dydx
a a2 −x2

Now,
 −√a2 −x2
R −a
= a y √ dx
a2 −x2
R −a √ √
 
= a a2 − x2 + a2 − x2 dx
R −a √
= a 2 a2 − x2 dx
R −a √
=2 a a2 − x2 dx

Applying trigonometric substitution,

⇒ x = asin(u)
dx
⇒ du = d(asin(u))
du
⇒ dx = acos(u)du

Adjusting the limits,

x = −a ; u = − π2
x=a ; u = π2

Putting the values in the equation,

2
 R π2 p
=2 − π2 a2 − (asin(u))2 .acos(u)du
Rπ √
= 2 −2π a 1 − sin2 u.acos(u)du
R π2 √
= 2 −2π cos2 u.a2 cos(u)du
R π2 2 2 2
= 2 − π a cos (u)du r
2
R2 π2 1+cos(2u) 1+cos(2u)
= 2a − π 2
du [cos2 (u) = 2
]
2
π
= 2a2 × 12 −2π 1 + cos(2u)du
R
 2 π2
Rπ
= 2a2 × 12 ( u + −2π cos(2u)du)
2
− π2

Applying u-substitution,

v = 2u
dv
⇒ du =2
⇒ du = 12 dv

Adjusting the limits,

u = − π2 ; v = −π
u = π2 ; v=π

Putting the values,

Rπ
= −π cos(v) 12 dv
Rπ
= 12 −π cos(v)dv
 π
1
= 2 sin(v)
−π
= 2a2 × 12 ([ π2 + π2 ] + ( 12 [sin(π) − sin(−π)]))
= 2a2 × 12 (π + 0)
= πa2 (Answer)

Answer:(3)

R 1 R √1−y2
−1
√ ln(x2 + y 2 + 1)dxdy
− 2
1−y

Converting to polar co-ordinates,

Finding the radius,

−16x61
p p
− 1 − y2 6 x 6 1 − y2

The area is bounded by a circle with radius, r =1 ,

06r61

3
Finding the quadrants,

−16y 61
p p
1 − y2 6 x 6 − 1 − y2

The region is in quadrants : 1,2,3,4

0 6 θ 6 2π

Substituting dxdy with rdrd θ,

Converting the function,

x2 + y 2 = r 2

The main equation after the conversion to polar co-ordinates become,

R 2π R 1
0 0
ln(r2 + 1)rdrdθ

Applying u-substitution,

u = r2 + 1

du
⇒ dr
= 2r

1
⇒ dr = 2r
du

Adjusting limits,

r = 0 ;u = 1

r = 1 ;u = 2

Putting the values in the main equation,

R 2π R 2 ln(u)
0 1 2
du
R 2π R2
= 0
( 21 1
ln(u)du)
R2
Applying integration by parts to 1 ln(u)du,

1
[ uv 0 = uv − u0 v]
R R R
= [ln(u)u − u
u.du]21
R
= [ln(u)u − 1du]21

1
2
[u ln(u) − u]21

= 21 (2 ln(2) − 1)

4
 1
= ln(2) − 2
R 2π
0
(ln 2 − 21 )dθ

= [(ln(2) − 12 )θ]2π
0

= [(ln(2) − 21 )2π − (ln(2) − 21 )0]

= 2π ln(2) − π (Answer)

Answer:(4)

R ln 3 R ln 2
0 0
ex+y dydx

Differentiating with respect to dy,

R ln 3 R ln 2
0 0
ex ey dydx
R ln 3 R ln 2
= 0
(ex 0
ey dy)dx
R ln 3
= 0
(ex [ey ]ln 2
0 )dx

R ln 3
= 0
(ex [eln 2 − e0 ])dx
R ln 3
= 0
(ex [2 − 1])dx
R ln 3
= 0
(ex .1)dx
R ln 3
= 0
ex dx

Differentiating with respect to dx,

= [ex ]ln
0
3

= [eln 3 − e0 ]

= [3 − 1]

= 2 (Ans)

5
 (i)
In[ ]:= f[t_] := Sin[t] ^ 2;
g[t_] := Cos[t] ^ 2;

In[ ]:= Plot[{Sin[t] ^ 2, Cos[t] ^ 2}, {t, - 3, 3}, PlotRange → {- 2, 2}, PlotLegends → "Expressions"]
2

sin2 (t)
In[ ]:=
1 2 3
-3 -2 -1
cos2 (t)

-1

-2

(ii)
In[ ]:= We know,
b dx 2 dy 2
L= + ⅆt
a dt dt

In[ ]:= D[Sin[t] ^ 2, t]

Out[]= 2 Cos[t] Sin[t]

In[ ]:= D[Cos[t] ^ 2, t]

Out[]= - 2 Cos[t] Sin[t]

3 Pi
In[ ]:= L= 2 Cos[t] Sin[t]2 + - 2 Cos[t] Sin[t]2 ⅆ t // N
0

Out[]= 8.48528

(iii)
In[ ]:= We know,
b dx 2 dy 2
S =  2 Pi x + ⅆt
a dt dt
1
In[ ]:= D2 t2 + , t
t

1
Out[]= - +4t
t2
2 lab_4.nb

In[ ]:= D8 t , t

4
Out[]=
t

2 2
3 1 1 4
In[ ]:= S =  2 Pi 2 t2 + - +4t + ⅆ t // N
1 t t2 t
Out[]= 1083.5