Learning Activity sheets in

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
(Quarter 4 – Week 2)

Name: _____________________________ Grade & Section: ____________

Activity Sheet No. 2 Date Answered: _____________

LESSON 2 METHOD

Describe the 4 Ms (Manpower, Method, Machine, Materials) of operations in relation to the business
opportunity (TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-la-2)
1. Develop a product description
2. Create a prototype of the product
3. Test the product prototype

“Let’s kick it off!”

Activity 1. Solve me!

Directions: Solve the crossword using the given words and the clues.
4. O E
E
2. T
R 5.
1. R T O Y E
J
E C
7. P R
T
O P
3. O U C T
U
6. O U C I O N
N

Across
1. It is an early sample, model or release of product built to test a concept process.
3. It is the physical output of the whole production process.
4. Everything that goes into the production.
6. The action of making or manufacturing from components.

Down
2. A collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim.
4. Refers to the process or technique of converting raw materials to finished products.
5. A spoken or written representation or account of a person, object or event.
7. Make or Manufacture from components or raw materials
 “Are you taking it?”

1. What is the relevance of method in the 4Ms of Operation?

2. Do you think the operation of your business will be successful without using a

particular method? Why?

“Here’s how it is!”

Method or production method refers to the process or technique of converting raw
materials to finished products. The raw materials undergoes several stages before it is
completed and become ready for delivery to the target customers.

The selection of the method of production is dependent on some factors, namely,

 product to produce
 mode of production

Product to produce

The product is the physical output of the whole production process. It should be
valuable and beneficial to the consumers and should satisfy their basic needs and wants. A
production be heterogeneous or homogeneous. A heterogeneous products has dissimilar
characteristics, parts, and physical appearance. It can be easily identified from other products,
Entrepreneurial ventures that produce heterogeneous products include makers of furniture,
bags and home decors.

On the other hand, a homogeneous product has a physical appearance, taste, or

chemical content that can hardly be distinguished from that of the other products. Businesses
that produce homogenous products include makers of soft drinks and medicines. It is hard to
distinguish the difference between a soft drink in a 12 ounce bottle and in an 8 ounce can.

Mode of Production

The mode of production refers to how the product will be produced. The following
production system may be used in manufacturing the desired product.

1. Intermittent production system

2. Continuous production system
3. Just-in-time production system
 The intermittent production system is adopted when the production process is
basically short and the machines are frequently changed. Under this system he entrepreneur
may use the following methods.
1. In a project methods, the product is usually substantial in size and is bound by a
specific time to complete it. Cargo vessels, jumbo aircraft, and buildings are constructed
using this method.

2. In a job order method, the production is completed by a single employee or a

batch of employees.

3. In a batch method, the production undergoes several stages and the product is
transferred from one worker to another.

The intermittent production system includes the following features:

1. There is a variety of products to be manufactured.

2. The production flow is not continuous.
3. The production is dependent on the orders of customers.
4. The volume of production is not material.
5. The machines are for general purposes.
6. The sequence of operations is based on product design.

Examples of entrepreneurs who use the intermittent production system are tailors,
goldsmiths, furniture makers, and manufacturers of farm equipment.

The continuous production system is adopted when the demand for the product is
considered constant. The production is not based on the order of customers but for the
stocking of inventories.

The features of the continuous production system are as follows:

1. The production process is continuous.

2. The production is not based on the customer’s order but on the anticipated demand.
3. The production is considered standardized.
4. The products are usually homogenous.
5. The products produced in large quantities.

In the just-in-time production system, goods are produced just in time when the
market needs or demands for them. The raw materials will be produced just in time for the
actual production to start and the delivery equipment will be required in the production plant
just in time when the products are about to be completed. This system is designed to
eliminate wastage of resources and to increase productivity.
Product description
-A product description is the marketing copy used to describe a product’s value
proposition to potential customers. A compelling product description provides customers
with details around features, problems it solves and other benefits to help generate a sale.

How to develop a product description?

1. Know Who Your Target Audience is

- This begins with understanding your buyer persona, a breakdown of the
characteristics of your potential customers. Your buyer persona will help you understand
which features will be most valuable to your customers.

2. Focus on the Product Benefits

- A product feature is a factual statement about the product that provides technical
information. A product benefit, on the other hand, tells how the product can improve the
buyer’s life.

3. Tell the full story

- A good product description should give all relevant details, convince the buyer of its
benefits, and pack an emotional punch.

4. Use Natural Language and Tone

- Bringing this natural tone-one that you would use in a real conversation will help
your customer connect with your brand.

5. Use Power Words That Sell

- By being mindful of these words and phrases, you can more easily convince
customers to take the leap and make the purchase.

6. Make it easy to scan

- Make your product descriptions easy to scan by including bullet points, short
paragraphs made up of just a few sentences each, lots of white space, and different size fonts.

7. Optimize for Search Engines

- Optimization begins with keywords, which are usually the search term that buyers
use to find the product that they are shopping for.

8. Use good images

- Majority of the customers thinks that a product image is more important that the
description or even the reviews.

Prototype of product

-A prototype is an early sample, model or release of product built to test a concept

process. It is a term used in a variety of contexts, including semantics, design, electronics,
and software programming. A prototype is generally used to evaluate a new design to
enhance precision by system analysis and users.
How to create a prototype of a product?

1. Create a concept sketch

- The first step toward turning your idea into reality is getting down on paper. Draw
your idea to help you visualize your prototype in greater detail

2. Develop a Virtual Prototype

- It involves using computer-aided design (CAD), computer-automated design
(CAutoD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) software to validate a design before
committing to making a physical prototype.

3. Build a Physical Prototype

- It can be anything from a simple handmade model to a fully operational model
representing how the conceptual design will correspond to real-world conditions.

4. Locate a Manufacturer
- You have to locate a manufacturer that can produce your product at a profitable
price. If your idea is going to be profitable, you need to be able to build it a cost that is low
enough that can cover expenses without cutting too far into your revenue.

How to Test a Product Prototype?

1. Get a stranger to try your product and have a third party record and document their
experience. If you can get these experiences recorded and documented by a neutral observer
this will provide you with even better feedback in terms of how your prototype is being
experienced.

2. Ask users to complete tasks using your prototype. This will very quickly help you discover
if the prototype can actually help people to achieve the goals that you think it should help
them to achieve.

3. Remember prototypes don’t have to be perfect, or even do everything they’re supposed to

do. Just explain to them that ‘this will do X or Y’ your testers will usually understand,
especially if you indicate to them which areas you are most concerned with them testing.

4. Use realistic, non-distracting data/ images/ icons / non Micky Mouse names. Aim to create
realistic, non-attention diverting data so that your testers can focus on the prototype itself.

5. Basic wireframes can save you a lot of time. They are quick to create, but offer enough
realism that your testers will usually understand what you are trying to demonstrate.

6. Make sure your testers have plenty of opportunity to communicate with you the thoughts
that are going through their minds, the frustrations they experienced, and the ‘what ifs’ that
came to them.

7. Heat maps are really useful. These will show you where your users are actually going,
rather than where you think they should be clicking, swiping or attempting to manipulate
your product.

8. Test your product in all the environments where your users will use it.
9. Think about your audience, gender, age, culture, and any other potential variations in how
people may use your prototype. It is hard to think of everything but if you only test the
prototype with one particular subgroup of people this could skew your feedback, especially if
you are ultimately aim to sell to a wider audience that just those who are testing it on.

“Now do it!”
Directions: Draw or place a picture of your prototype product for your business and write its
description.
Activity 2

“Ace it!”
Activity 3
Direction: Write true if the underlined word is correct and write the correct answer if the
underlined word is incorrect.

1. A prototype is generally used to validate a new design to enhance precision by system

analysis and users.

2. A product description is the marketing strategy used to describe a product’s value

proposition to potential customers.

3. Method or production method refers to the process or technique of converting raw

materials to finished products

4. The product is the physical output of the whole production process.

5. The continuous production system is adopted when the demand for the product is
considered constant.