FACULTY OF PLANTING AND AGROTECHNOLOFY
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE AGROTECHNOLOGY (HONS) AGRONOMY
COURSE: WEED SCIENCE
COURSE CODE: AGR534
INSTRUCTOR: DR. SITI NUR ANISAH BINTI AANI
CLASS: M3AT222B3
PREPARED BY
NAME NO ID
MUHAMMAD NOOR AZIZAN BIN MOHD KHIDZIR 2020963431
SUBMISSION DATE: 14 JULY 2021
QUESTION 1
Figure 1 shows different weed species recorded in three different quadrats (Quadrat A, B and C) in rubber
estates. As a weed scientist, you have been instructed to determine most dominance of weed species according
to the highest Importance Value (IV). Calculate the relative density (RD), relative frequency (RF), IV and state
the most dominance of weed species and weed classification.
Quadrat A
Weed A: Asystasia gangetica 4 Weed F: Melastoma malabatricum 4
Weed B: Paspalum conjugatum 5 Weed G: Eleusine indica 4
Weed C: Borreria alata 5 Weed H: Mimosa pudica 0
Weed D: Cyperus iria 3 Weed I: Cyperus rotundus 0
Weed E: Amaranthus spinosus 5 Weed J: Leptochloa chinensis 3
Quadrat B
Weed A: Asystasia gangetica 2 Weed F: Melastoma malabatricum 4
Weed B: Paspalum conjugatum 1 Weed G: Eleusine indica 1
Weed C: Borreria alata 1 Weed H: Mimosa pudica 3
Weed D: Cyperus iria 1 Weed I: Cyperus rotundus 3
Weed E: Amaranthus spinosus 2 Weed J: Leptochloa chinensis 0
Quadrat C
Weed A: Asystasia gangetica 2 Weed F: Melastoma malabatricum 2
Weed B: Paspalum conjugatum 2 Weed G: Eleusine indica 3
Weed C: Borreria alata 3 Weed H: Mimosa pudica 2
Weed D: Cyperus iria 2 Weed I: Cyperus rotundus 3
Weed E: Amaranthus spinosus 3 Weed J: Leptochloa chinensis 7
WS Q1 Q2 Q3 D F R. Dominance R. Frequency Important Value
(%) (%) (R. Dominance + R. Frequency)
2
A 4 2 2 8 3 8/80 x 100 = 10 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (10 + 11.11)/2 = 10.555
B 5 1 2 8 3 8/80 x 100 = 10 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (10 + 11.11)/2 = 10.555
C 5 1 3 9 3 9/80 x 100 = 11.25 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (11.25 + 11.11)/2 = 11.18
D 3 1 2 6 3 6/80 x 100 = 7.5 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (7.5 + 11.11)/2 = 9.305
E 5 2 3 10 3 10/80 x 100 = 12.5 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (12.5 + 11.11)/2 = 11.805
F 4 4 2 10 3 10/80 x 100 = 12.5 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (12.5 + 11.11)/2 = 11.805
G 4 1 3 8 3 8/80 x 100 = 10 3/27 x 100 = 11.11 (10 + 11.11)/2 = 10.555
H 0 3 2 5 2 5/80 x 100 = 6.25 2/27 x 100 = 7.41 (6.25 + 7.41)/2 = 6.83
I 0 3 3 6 2 6/80 x 100 = 7.5 2/27 x 100 = 7.41 (7.5 + 7.41)/2 = 7.455
J 3 0 7 10 2 10/80 x 100 =12.5 2/27 x 100 = 7.41 (12.5 + 7.41)/2 = 9.955
80 27 100 100 100
dominance weed species and weed classification. is
• Weed E: Amaranthus spinosus (broadleaf)
• Weed F: Melastoma malabatricum (broadleaf)
• Weed J: Leptochloa chinensis (sedges)
All these 3 weeds have dominance of 10
Weed that have highest Importance Value (IV) is
• Weed C: Borreria alata (broadleaf)
• Weed E: Amaranthus spinosus (broadleaf)
• Weed F: Melastoma malabatricum (broadleaf)
All of these 3 weeds have IV of 11.805
QUESTION 2
As an agronomist, you must recommend one non-translocated and one translocated herbicide in Malaysia that
can control all types of weed species. Examine the label of the herbicides, state and explain the following
functions:
Non-Translocate Herbicides
Trade / Commercial Name: Roundup Glyphosate 41%
Active ingredient: Inert ingredients:
Glyphosate-isopropylammonium 41.0% 59.0%
Net content: 4L Types of formulation: liquid
Manufacturer name and address:
CP Manufacturing SDN BHD
Lot 746, Jalan Haji Sirat, 42100 Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Registration number: LRMP. R1/3270
Label Photo (Front) Label Photo (Back)
Signal word and Precautionary statement:
Do not harvest at least 1 day after the last spray for durian, 7 days for papaya, cocoa; 14 days for
lemons and mangoes; 21 days for coffee and bananas.
Do not allow livestock to graze on the sprayed area for at least 2 months after the last spray.
Directions for use:
Mixing guide: It is recommended to use a 5/64-inch fan nozzle bearing sprayer. Fill the tank half
full with clean water. Mix Roundup adequately according to the prescribed dosage schedule. Add
the remaining clean water as needed and stir. Do not store the remaining in the sprayer tank.
Spraying guidelines: When spraying, avoid spray mist on the plants. use a spray barrier. do not
use in other planting areas that are not recommended.
Translocate Herbicides
Trade / Commercial Name: Zetrazine 500 FW
Active ingredient: Atrazine 45% Inert ingredients:55.0%
Net content: 4L Types of formulation: liquid
Manufacturer name and address:
Zeenex AgroScience Sdn.Bhd.
5-1 & 7-1, First Floor, Jalan Radin Anum,
Bandar Baru Sri Petaling, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Registration number: LRMP. R1/5049
Label Photo (Front) Label Photo (Back)
Signal word and Precautionary statement:
Dangerous if drink. Avoid inhaling fumes or spray mist. Avoid contact with skin or eyes. When
handling this product, do not eat, drink or smoke. After handling this product, make sure to wash
your body thoroughly with soap and water. Close the poison container tightly and store it in a locked
place with good ventilation.
Directions for use:
Mixing guide: It is recommended to use a 5/64-inch fan nozzle bearing sprayer. Fill the tank half
full with clean water. Mix Zetrazine 500 FW adequately according to the prescribed dosage
schedule. Add the remaining clean water as needed and stir. Do not store the remaining in the
sprayer tank.
Spraying guidelines: When spraying, avoid spray mist on the plants. use a spray barrier. do not
use in other planting areas that are not recommended
QUESTION 3
Hassan is required to control weed infestation in rubber estates. He has a conventional knapsack sprayer (CKS)
fitted with a fan nozzle having an average flow rate of 900 ml/min and an average swath width of 1.7 m with
three calibrations. He would like to apply Genee 15 contain 15% glufosinate ammonium.
i) If your walking speed is 40m/min, calculate the spray volume for 1.5 ha area.
Spray volume = Nozzle discharge (L/min) x 10000 (𝑚2 ) x area (Ha)
width of swath(m) x walking speed (m/min)
Spray volume = 0.9 L/min x 10000 𝑚2 x 1.5 Ha
1.7 m x 40 m/min
Spray volume = 198.53 L/ha
ii) Based on the walking speed mention in (i), calculate the loading frequency to complete spraying at 1.5
ha area if the CKS has a 16 litres tank.
Loading frequency = Volume to be sprayed (L)
Volume of sprayer (L)
Loading frequency = 0.9 L/min x 10,000𝑚2 x 1.5 Ha
40 m/min x 1.17 m x 16 L
Loading frequency = 18.02
Loading frequency needed to complete spraying at 1.5 ha area is 19 times
iii) It is recommended to apply glufosinate ammonium at 1.3 kg/ha, calculate the amount of Genee 15
needed to control weeds in 3.2 ha area.
= rate (g.ai/Ha) x area to be treated (Ha)
% ai
= 1300 g /Ha x 3.2Ha
0.15
= 27733.33 g or 27.73 kg
iv) Based on walking speed mention in (i), calculate the amount of Genee 15 required in each sprayer load
of 18 litres if it is recommended to apply glufosinate ammonium at rate of 1.8 kg/ha.
= rate (g/Ha) x capacity of sprayer (L)
% ai x spray volume per Ha (L)
= 1800 g/Ha x 18 L
0.15 x 198.53 L/Ha
= 1087.99 g or 1.09 kg
