The document discusses logic gates. It aims to study and verify the truth tables of logic gates including NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR gates. It lists the components required, provides the theory behind different logic families such as TTL, ECL, MOS and CMOS. It also gives the procedure to set up the circuits and verify the truth tables experimentally.
The document discusses logic gates. It aims to study and verify the truth tables of logic gates including NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR gates. It lists the components required, provides the theory behind different logic families such as TTL, ECL, MOS and CMOS. It also gives the procedure to set up the circuits and verify the truth tables experimentally.
The document discusses logic gates. It aims to study and verify the truth tables of logic gates including NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR gates. It lists the components required, provides the theory behind different logic families such as TTL, ECL, MOS and CMOS. It also gives the procedure to set up the circuits and verify the truth tables experimentally.
The document discusses logic gates. It aims to study and verify the truth tables of logic gates including NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR gates. It lists the components required, provides the theory behind different logic families such as TTL, ECL, MOS and CMOS. It also gives the procedure to set up the circuits and verify the truth tables experimentally.
Breadboard. Connecting wires IC 7400, IC 7408, IC 7432, IC 7406, IC 7402, IC 7404, IC 7486
THEORY :
The basic logic gates are the building blocks of more complex logic circuits. These logic gates perform the basic Boolean functions, such as AND, OR, NAND, NOR, Inversion, Exclusive-OR, Exclusive-NOR. Fig. below shows the circuit symbol, Boolean function, and truth. It is seen from the Fig that each gate has one or two binary inputs, A and B, and one binary output, C. The small circle on the output of the circuit symbols designates the logic complement. The AND, OR, NAND, and NOR gates can be extended to have more than two inputs. A gate can be extended to have multiple inputs if the binary operation it represents commutative and associative. These basic logic gates are implemented as small-scale integrated circuits (SSICs) or as part of more complex medium scale (MSI) or very large-scale (VLSI) integrated circuits. Digital IC gates are classified not only by their logic operation, but also the specific logic- circuit family to which they belong. Each logic family has its own basic electronic circuit upon which more complex digital circuits and functions are developed. The following logic families are the most frequently used. TTL Transistor-transistor logic. ECL Emitter-coupled logic. MOS Metal-oxide semiconductor. CMOS Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor.
TTL and ECL are based upon bipolar transistors. TTL has a popularity among logic families. ECL is used only in systems requiring high-speed operation. MOS and CMOS are based on field effect transistors. They are widely used in large scale integrated circuits because of their high component density and relatively low power consumption. CMOS logic consumes far less power than CMOS logic. There are various commercial integrated circuit chips available. TTL ICs are usually distinguished by numerical designation as the 5400 and 7400 series.
Procedure :
1.Check the components for their working.
2.Insert the appropriate IC into the IC base. 3.Make connections as shown in the circuit diagram. 4.Provide the input data via the input switches and observe the output.
