Science – Grade 8

Quarter 1 – Module 4: Sounds

First Edition, 2020

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Jane F. Carpio
Editors: Name
Reviewers: Name
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: Name of Regional Director
Name of CLMD Chief
Name of Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Regional ADM Coordinator
Name of CID Chief
Name of Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Division ADM Coordinator
 What I Need to Know

This module is developed and written to provide you enough information and ideas
to help you understand and master the basic concepts of the nature of sounds. It is
hoped that this module will allow you to explore your potential and will inspire and
gain interest in the topic and motivate you to learn more in the succeeding grade
levels.

This module consists of one lesson.

 Lesson – Sounds: Temperature and the Speed of Sound

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. determine the effect of temperature on the speed of sound;
2. compute the speed of sound in air at different temperatures.

What I Know

Choose the letter that corresponds the best answer.

1. Which factor does not affect the speed of sound?
a. density
b. distance
c. elasticity
d. temperature
2. In which temperature the sound travels fastest?
a. 10ºC
b. 20ºC
c. 30ºC
d. 40ºC
3. What is the speed of sound in air if its temperature is 35ºC?
a. 320 m/s
b. 333 m/s
c. 349 m/s
d. 352 m/s
4. What is the temperature in a Beach if the speed of sound is 340m/s?
a. 15ºC b. 25ºC c. 36ºC d. 36ºC
 5. what happens to the speed of sound in air in an increasing
temperature?
a. decreases
b. increases
c. do not change
d. first increases then become constant

Lesson
Sounds: Temperature and
1 the Speed of Sound
You have learned in your previous grade level that sound wave is a
longitudinal, mechanical type of wave. When sound wave travels in air, the air
molecules vibrate parallel to the propagation of the wave. Sound propagates
through different media- solid, liquid, and gas. In this lesson, you will identify the
factors affecting the speed of sound waves.

What’s In

In the previous module, you learned about energy that gives you an idea of
the different types of energy. Before you proceed to the lesson in this module, take
time to read and answer the following situations.

Fill in the blanks. Choose your answer from the box and write your answers on the
blanks.

Potential energy Kinetic energy

1. You serve a volleyball with a mass of 2kg.The ball leaves your hand with a speed
of 28m/s. The ball has ____________.
2. A baby carriage is sitting at the top of a hill that is 25m high. The carriage with a
baby weighs 15N. The carriage has _____________.
3. A car is travelling with a velocity of 35m/s and has a mass of 1115 kg. The car
has ___________.
4. A 620 kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 18.5m/s. The roller
coaster car has a ___________.
5. There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 40m high. The bell weighs 185N. The
bell has ______________.
 What’s New

The Science of Sounds has gone all the way from a mere transfer of energy to
the creation of tunes and music for entertainment. Most of our gadgets are sound
embedded to amuse us. So, are you ready to have fun with sounds?

Try to analyze this: “Why open field concerts are usually done during night time
and not during day time?”

What is It

Sounds are waves that carry energy. The sounds that you hear are
longitudinal waves that travels through a medium. Answer the crossword puzzle of
terms that will guide you in the discussion of the factors that may affect the speed
of sound below.
 Mechanical wave such as sound can propagate only if there is a medium and
the particles in the medium are set into vibration. When you clap your hands in the
air, your set the air particles into vibration. The energy of a vibrating particle is
transferred from particle to particle. This is also true when you tap a solid material
like wood or strike stones under the water. The particles of solid and liquid are set
into vibrations causing the transfer of the energy from particle to particle. Then,
sound is produced. The sound travels fastest in solid because the vibration can
easily be transferred from atom to atom. The atoms are more compact in solid
materials. The atoms are far from each other in gas that’s why sound travels
slowest in it.

The speed of sound waves depends on the properties of the medium to which
the wave propagates. Among the many properties of the medium, the elastic
property and density property of the medium mainly affect the speed of sound
waves.

Elasticity is the ability of material to return to its original shape after a certain
amount of force is applied to it. An example of an elastic material is steel. Sound
travels faster in more elastic objects. This is due to atom and molecules of the
elastic materials. The atoms and molecules have relatively strong attraction toward
each other and respond to each other’s motion faster. As a result, sound energy is
transferred faster.

Density is an intrinsic property that is determined by the amount of mass per

areas of space or volume of the material. An intrinsic property is a property of the
material itself that is not dependent on how much material is present. Denser
objects have more mass per area, and they have more compact atoms and
molecules. The neighboring atoms and molecules is denser objects are less
responsive to each other’s motion and interactions making the sound wave travel
slower.

What other factors may affect the speed of sound in a medium? What about
temperature? Can the temperature of the medium affect how sound moves? Find
out on the next activity.

Activity 1.1 Faster sound… In hotter or cooler?

Study the data below and explain the differences in the speed of sound when
the temperature is changed. Then answer the following question on a separate
paper.

Situation Temperature Speed of Sound

Desert at day 48ºC 359.8m/s

Sea at night 19ºC 342.4m/s

 Polar region at day 2ºC 332.2m/s

Questions:

1. What happens in the speed of sound when the temperature changes?

2. Does sound travel faster or slower as temperature increases?

Now you know that the speed of sound is directly affected by the temperature of the
medium. The hotter the medium the faster the sound travels. Heat, is just like
sound, is a form of energy. At higher temperature, particles have more energy
(kinetic) and thus, vibrate faster. And when particles vibrate faster, there will be
more collisions per unit time. With more collisions per unit time, energy is
transferred more efficiently resulting in sound travelling quickly. The speed of
sound in dry air, which is at 0ºC, is around 331m/s. This speed, however, gets
faster when the temperature is increase with the presence of water vapor. In
warmer air, or air with moisture, molecules move faster and bump into each other
more often, so the sound is transmitted faster. The speed of sound increases of
1ºC. This is express as

v = 331m/s + 0.6 m/s (T)

C

where v = speed
T = temperature
constant factor of temperature = 0.6 m/s

speed of sound at 00C =331m/s

Study how you can use this equation with some sample problems.

1. What is the speed of sound in a certain locality if the temperature is 11 0C?

Given:
T = 110C
Required: v
Solution:
v = 331m/s+(0.6m/s ºC)( 110C )
v = 337.6m/s

Working equation:
v = 331 m/s + (0.6 m/s ºC) ( T )
Answer:
v= 337.6 m/s
2. What is the temperature if the speed of sound is 346 m/s?
3.
Given:
v = 346 m/s
Required: T
Solution:
346 m/s – 331m/s + (0.6m/s ºC) (T )
15 m/s = (0.6m/s ºC). T
T =30ºC

Working equation:
v = 331 m/s + (0.6m/s ºC)( T)
Answer:
T= 30 ºC

What’s More

Activity 1.2 Problem Solving

Now, it’s time for independent learning. Try these problems on your own. Show
your solution in a separate paper.

1. The atmospheric temperature in the city is 42ºC. How fast does sound
travel?

2. What is the temperature in the hill if the speed of sound is 341.8 m/s?

3. How fast will sound travel in air that has a temperature of 55ºC?

What I Have Learned

1. Sounds are longitudinal waves that travels through a medium, and are
caused by vibrations.
2. The speed of sound is only about 1/1000 000 of the speed of light, and it
varies depending on the elasticity and the density of the medium it travels
through.
3. Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after a
certain force is applied to it.
4. Atoms and molecules of an elastic material have relatively strong attraction
toward each other, and they respond to each other’s motion faster. Thus,
sound travels faster in more elastic objects; it travels fastest in solids, and
slowest in gases.
5. Density is an intrinsic property of a material that is determined by the
amount of mass per area of space or volume of the material.
6. When comparing mediums of the same phase, sound travels faster in less
dense objects.
7. The speed of sound in dry air, which is at 0ºC, is around 331 m/s.
8. In air, the speed of sound increases by 0.60 m/s with every increase of 1ºC.
 What I Can Do

To check your understanding of the concept discussed, answer the following

exercises by completing the table below.
1. Look at table 1.0
A. Given the atmospheric temperature of three cities in the Philippines on a
particular day, calculate how fast sound travels in each city.
B. List down the cities according to decreasing (fastest to slowest) speed of
sound.

City Temperature Speed of Sound Sequence of cities

according to decreasing
(ºC) (m/s)
speed of sound

Iligan 32 1.

Makati 31 2.

Roxas 34 3.

2. The different speeds of sound in different capital cities of some countries are
listed in table 1.1
A. Look for the temperature of each city.
B. List down the cities according to decreasing (highest to lowest)
temperature.

C. City Speed of Sound Temperature Sequence of cities

according to decreasing
(m/s) (ºC)
temperature

Taguig 338.2 1.

Malabon 340.6 2.

Makati 342.4 3.
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter that correspond to the best answer.
1. In what temperature can a sound travel at 350.2 m/s?
a. 28ºC
b. 32ºC
c. 44ºC
d. 65ºC
2. The temperature in lake is 30ºC. How fast does the sound travel in air?
a. 542m/s
b. 400 m/s
c. 349 m/s
d. 211 m/s
3. Which best explains the relationship between the speed of sound and the
medium through which it passes?
a. sound travels faster in solids because of the increased distance between
solid particles.
b. sounds travel faster in air because of the decreased distance between air
particles.
c. sound travels slower in air because of the increased distance between air
particles.
d. sound travels slower in solids because of the decreased distance between
solid particles.

4. Which of the following equation is use in finding the speed of sound?

a. v = 331m/s + 0.6 m/s (T)
C
b. v = 331m/s + 0.6 (T)
c. v= 331m/s + 0.6m/s (D)
C

d. v = 331s/m + 0.6 m/s (T)

5. At which temperature will sound travel faster?

a. 0ºC
b. 50ºC
c. 75ºC
d. 100ºC
What Is It What I Can Do Additional Activities
Activity 1.1 Activity 1.0 356.2 m/s
When the temperature 1. 350.2 m/s 1. Roxas 45°C
changes the speed of sound 2. 349.6 m/s 2. Iligan
also changes. 3. 351.4 m/s 3. Makati Assessment
Sound travels fastest as Activity 1.1 1. B
temperature increases. 1. 12°C 1. Makati 2. C
2.16°C 2. Malabon 3. C
3.19°C 3. Taguig 4. A
5. D
Answer Key
2. At what temperature can sound travel at 358 m/s?
42ºC.
speed of sound in air at 1. Compute the
◦C
v = 331m/s + 0.6 m/s (T)
.
Show your solution in separate paper.
Calculate the speed of sound with respect to the medium. Use the equation below.
Additional Activities
What Is It What’s More What’ New
Across: Activity 1.2 Earth’s surface is cooler than air
above during daytime, then
2. Sound Propagation sound would move from the
1. 356.2 m/s cooler region towards the hotter
4. Pitch 2. 18°C air above. At night time, the air
3. 364 m/s near the Earth surface is heated
by the heat emitted by the
8. Air
ground, making it hotter than
the air above which is cooler due
Down: What’s In to the absence of sun. This
makes sound move from cooler
4. Elasticity air above towards the hotter air
1. Kinetic Energy
near the earth’s surface. This
3. Density 2. Potential Energy makes open field concerts better
3. Kinetic Energy done during nighttime as sound
5. Speed Wave waves are refracted from the
4. Kinetic Energy
stage towards the audience and
6. Sound 5. Potential Energy give a clearer and more audible
music to enjoy.
7. Temperature

What I Know
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. A
5. B
References

Allas, Ian Mark F., et.al; 2013, Discover Science, Diwa Learning System Inc.: 239-
241.
Aquino, Marites D., et.al; 2013, K to 12 Worktext in Science and Techology Science
Links (First Edition), Rex Book Inc.(RBSI) : 295.
Campo, Pia C., et.al; 2013, Science-Grade 8 Learner’s module (First Edition), Vibal
Group Inc.: 69, 82-85.
Dakutan, Janir T., et.al; 2017, K to 12 Edition Mixploring Science 8, Vibal Group
Inc.: 30.
Lim, Anne Brigitte U. et.al; 2015, K to 12 Science for the 21 st Century Learner,
Diwa Learning System Inc.: 81-82, 84.
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/583f27b5f3319acc74dfec9b/sound-waves .
https://www.mcqlearn.com/physics/g10/sound-wave-and-speed-mcqs.php .