Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE

REVISION NO.: 1

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001

Slab Flexural Design

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
The purpose of this example is to verify slab flexural design in ETABS and SAFE.

A one-way, simple-span slab supported by walls on two opposite edges is modeled.

The slab is 150 mm thick and spans 4 meters between walls. The walls are modeled
as pin supports. The computational model uses a finite element mesh,
automatically generated. The maximum element size is specified as 0.25 meters.
To obtain factored moments and flexural reinforcement in a design strip, one one-
meter wide strip is defined in the X-direction on the slab, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Plan View of One-Way Slab

One dead load case (DL4KPa) and one live load case (LL5KPa) with uniformly
distributed surface loads of magnitudes 4 and 5 kN/m2, respectively, are defined
in the model. A load combination (COMB5kPa) is defined using the Eurocode 2-
04 load combination factors, 1.35 for dead loads and 1.5 for live loads. The model
is analyzed for both load cases and the load combination.

The slab moment on a strip of unit width is computed analytically. The total
factored strip moments are compared with the results. These moments are
identical. After completing the analysis, design is performed using the Eurocode
2-04 code and also by hand computation. Table 1 shows the comparison of the
design reinforcements computed by the two methods.

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 1

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

Thickness T, h = 150 mm
Depth of tensile reinf. dc = 25 mm
Effective depth d = 125 mm
Clear span ln, l1 = 4000 mm

Concrete strength fck = 30 MPa

Yield strength of steel fsy = 460 MPa
Concrete unit weight wc = 0 N/m3
Modulus of elasticity Ec = 25000 MPa
Modulus of elasticity Es = 2x106 MPa
Poisson’s ratio ν = 0

Dead load wd = 4.0 kPa

Live load wl = 5.0 kPa

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Calculation of flexural reinforcement
 Application of minimum flexural reinforcement

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 2

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PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

RESULTS COMPARISON
Table 1 shows the comparison of the total factored moments in the design strip the
moments obtained by the hand computation method. Table 1 also shows the
comparison of the design reinforcements.

Table 1 Comparison of Design Moments and Reinforcements

Reinforcement
Strip Area (sq-cm)
Moment
National Annex Method (kN-m) As+

ETABS,
CEN Default, Bulgaria, 25.797 5.400
SAFE
Ireland, Norway, Poland,
Slovenia and Sweden
Calculated 25.800 5.400

ETABS,
25.797 5.446
Finland, Germany, Portugal, SAFE
Singapore and UK
Calculated 25.800 5.446

ETABS,
25.797 5.626
SAFE
Denmark
Calculated 25.800 5.626

A +s ,min = 204.642 sq-mm

COMPUTER FILE: EN 2-2004 (COUNTRY NA) RC-SL EX001

CONCLUSION
The results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 3

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PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

HAND CALCULATION
The following quantities are computed for the load combination:
η = 1.0 for fck ≤ 50 MPa
λ = 0.8 for fck ≤ 50 MPa
b = 1000 mm
For the load combination, w and M are calculated as follows:
w = (1.35wd + 1.5wt) b
wl12
M=
8
 0.0013bw d

As ,min = max  fctm
 0 .26 bd
 f yk

= 204.642 sq-mm

COMB100
wd = 4.0 kPa
wt = 5.0 kPa
w = 12.9 kN/m
M-strip = 25.8 kN-m
M-design= 25.8347 kN-m

For CEN Default, Bulgaria, Norway, Poland, Slovenia and Sweden:

γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
αcc = 1.0
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.08267
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 1.0 • 30 /1.5

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 4

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PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.44
k2 = k4 = 1.25(0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.25
δ is assumed to be 1
x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.448
 d  lim k2

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 0.294
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.08640
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 540.024 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.400 sq-cm

For Ireland:
γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
αcc = 1.0
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.08267
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 1.0 • 30 /1.5
For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.40
k2 = k4 = (0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.00
δ is assumed to be 1
x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.6
 d  lim k2

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 5

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 0.294
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.08640
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 540.024 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.400 sq-cm

For Portugal:
γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
αcc = 0.85
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.097260
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 0.85 • 30 /1.5
For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.40
k2 = k4 = 1.25(0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.25
δ is assumed to be 1
x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.448
 d  lim k2

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 0.294
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.1025
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 544.61 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.446 sq-cm

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 6

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PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

For Singapore and UK:

γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
αcc = 0.85:
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.097260
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 0.85 • 30 /1.5

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 0.48
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.60
 d  lim k2
For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.40
k2 = (0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.00
δ is assumed to be 1
ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.10251
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 544.61 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.446 sq-cm

For Finland:
γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
αcc = 0.85:
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.097260
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 0.85 • 30 /1.5

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 7

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 032433
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.5091
 d  lim k2
For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.44
k2 = 1.1
k4 = 1.25(0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.25
δ is assumed to be 1
ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.10251
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 544.61 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.446 sq-cm

For Germany:
γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
αcc = 0.85:
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.097260
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 0.85 • 30 /1.5

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 032433
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.45
 d  lim k2
For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.64

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 8

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PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
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k2 = 0.8
k4 = (0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.00
δ is assumed to be 1
ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.10251
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 544.61 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.446 sq-cm

For Denmark:
γm, steel = 1.20
γm, concrete = 1.45
αcc = 1.0
The depth of the compression block is given by:
M 25.8347 • 106
=m = = 0.0799153
bd 2η f cd 1000 • 1252 • 1.0 • 1.0 • 30 /1.5

x  λx 
mlim = λ   1 −    = 0.294
 d  lim  2  d  lim 

x δ − k1
  = for fck ≤ 50 MPa = 0.448
 d  lim k2
For reinforcement with fyk ≤ 500 MPa, the following values are used:
k1 = 0.44
k2 = k4 = 1.25(0.6 + 0.0014/εcu2) = 1.25
δ is assumed to be 1
ω = 1 − 1 − 2m = 0.08339
 ηf bd 
As = ω  cd  = 562.62 sq-mm > As,min
 f 
 yd 
As = 5.626 sq-cm

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 9

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS, SAFE
REVISION NO.: 1

EN 2-2004 RC-SL EXAMPLE 001 - 10