Physics Unit 1 WPH11 01 MS June 21
Physics Unit 1 WPH11 01 MS June 21
Physics Unit 1 WPH11 01 MS June 21
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Summer 2021
Question Paper Log Number P66393A
Publications Code WPH11_01_2106_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2018
General Marking Guidance
• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate
in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what they
have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their perception of
where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used
appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should always
award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should
also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit
according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by which
marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a candidate’s
response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an
alternative response.
Mark scheme notes
Underlying principle
The mark scheme will clearly indicate the concept that is being rewarded, backed up by examples. It is not a
set of model answers.
For example:
[Some examples of direction: acting from right (to left) / to the left / West
/ opposite direction to horizontal. May show direction by arrow. Do not
accept a minus sign in front of number as direction.]
This has a clear statement of the principle for awarding the mark, supported by some examples illustrating
acceptable boundaries.
3. Significant figures
3.1 Use of an inappropriate number of significant figures in the theory papers will normally only be
penalised in ‘show that’ questions where use of too few significant figures has resulted in the
candidate not demonstrating the validity of the given answer.
3.2 The use of g = 10 m s-2 or 10 N kg-1 instead of 9.81 m s-2 or 9.81 N kg-1 will be penalised by one mark
(but not more than once per clip). Accept 9.8 m s-2 or 9.8 N kg-1
4. Calculations
4.1 Bald (i.e. no working shown) correct answers score full marks unless in a ‘show that’ question.
4.2 If a ‘show that’ question is worth 2 marks then both marks will be available for a reverse working; if
it is worth 3 marks then only 2 will be available.
4.3 use of the formula means that the candidate demonstrates substitution of physically correct values,
although there may be conversion errors e.g. power of 10 error.
4.4 recall of the correct formula will be awarded when the formula is seen or implied by substitution.
4.5 The mark scheme will show a correctly worked answer for illustration only.
4.6 Example of mark scheme for a calculation:
Use of L × W × H ✓
[If 5040 g rounded to 5000 g or 5 kg, do not give 3rd mark; if conversion to kg
is omitted and then answer fudged, do not give 3rd mark]
Example of answer:
= 49.4 N
6. Graphs
6.1 A mark given for axes requires both axes to be labelled with quantities and units, and drawn the
correct way round.
6.2 Sometimes a separate mark will be given for units or for each axis if the units are complex. This will
be indicated on the mark scheme.
6.3 A mark given for choosing a scale requires that the chosen scale allows all points to be plotted,
spreads plotted points over more than half of each axis and is not an awkward scale e.g. multiples
of 3, 7 etc.
6.4 Points should be plotted to within 1 mm.
• Check the two points furthest from the best line. If both OK award mark.
• If either is 2 mm out do not award mark.
• If both are 1 mm out do not award mark.
• If either is 1 mm out then check another two and award mark if both of these OK, otherwise
no mark.
• For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-fit line for the
candidate’s results.
Question Answer Mark
Number
1 D is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because weight is a force, which is a vector
B is incorrect because momentum is a vector
C is incorrect because velocity is a vector
2 C is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because it give units of m3 kg−1
B is incorrect because it give units of m3 kg N−2
D is incorrect because it give units of N2 kg−1 m−3
3 C is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because the frictional force from the road is the driving force
B is incorrect because a drag force is also acting
D is incorrect because the frictional force from the road is the driving force
4 B is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because it gives units of J
C is incorrect because it gives an input power less than the output power
D is incorrect because it gives units of J
5 D is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because the units are inconsistent
B is incorrect because it gives a greater length, and F is a compressive force
C is incorrect because the units are inconsistent
6 B is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because it gives units of J m ≠ N
C is incorrect because it gives units of W m s−1 ≠ N
D is incorrect because it gives units of m s W−1 ≠ N
7 B is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because the acceleration is g which has constant magnitude and direction
C is incorrect because the objects gain the same k.e. for the same drop height
D is incorrect because both objects start with the same k.e. and gain the same k.e.
8 C is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because the acceleration does not reach zero
B is incorrect because the acceleration does not reach zero
D is incorrect because the acceleration does not reach zero
9 D is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because the fracture point is at the extreme end of the graph
B is incorrect because proportionality ends before point X is reached
C is incorrect because point X is not the highest point reached by the graph
10 C is the correct answer (1)
A is incorrect because R is in the wrong direction
B is incorrect because R is the wrong diagonal
D is incorrect because R is the wrong diagonal
Question Answer Mark
Number
11(a)
Use of p = mv (1)
Example of calculation
p = mv
p = (7.15 + 5.35) × 104 kg × 3.62 m s-1 = 4.53× 105 kg m s-1
11(b)
Equates the initial with the final momentum. (1)
Example of calculation
5.35× 104 kg × v + 7.15 × 104 kg × 4.50 m s-1 = 4.53× 105 kg m s-1
v = (4.53× 105 kg m s-1 − 7.15 × 104 kg × 4.50 m s-1)/ 5.35× 104 kg
= 2.44 m s-1
11(c)
Use of EK = ½ m v2 (1)
Example of calculation
Initial k.e. = 0.5 (7.15 × 104 kg (4.50 m s-1)2
+ 5.35× 104 kg × (2.44 m s-1)2) = 8.84 105 J
Final k.e. = 0.512.5 × 10 kg × (3.62 m s-1)2) = 8.19 105 J
4
Or
Use of trigonometry to find parallel component of g and distance along ramp (1)
Example of calculation
½ m v2 = m g Δh
½ v2 = 9.81 m s−2 × 0.5 m
v = √(2 × 9.81 m s−2 × 0.5 m) = 3.13 m s−1
12(b)
Use of Pythagoras’ Theorem to calculate distance along the ramp
Or
Use of trigonometry to find parallel component of g (1)
Use of s = u t (1)
Example of calculation
Distance along ramp = (√(22 + 0.52)) m = 2.06 m
2.06 m = ½ (0 + 3.13) m s−1 × tAB
tAB = 2 × 2.06 m / 3.13 m s−1 = 1.32 s
tBC = 1 m / 3.13 m s−1 = 0.32 s
Total time = 1.32 s + 0.32 s = 1.64 s
Example of calculation
U = ρ g V = 1.03 × 103 kg m-3× 9.81 N kg-1× 5.83 × 103 m3 = 5.89× 107 N
13(a)(ii)
Weight of submarine is equal to the upthrust. (1)
Example of calculation
W = U = 5.89× 107 N = m × 9.81 N kg−1
m = 5.89× 107 N / 9.81 N kg−1 = 6.00 × 106 kg
13(b)(i)
The upthrust (of the water on the submarine) is less than the weight of the (1)
submarine
13(b)(ii)
Use of ρ = m/V and W = mg to calculate new upthrust (1)
Mass of water = 1 × 105 kg (pumped out) (allow ecf from (a)(i)) (1) 2
Example of calculation
Upthrust = 1.01 × 103 kg m-3× 9.81 N kg-1× 5.83 × 103 m3 = 5.78 × 107 N
Net downward force = 5.89× 107 N – 5.78 × 107 N = 1.14 × 106 N
Mass to be lost = 1.14 × 106 N / 9.81 N kg-1 = 1.17 × 105 kg
Example calculation
vH = 25 m s−1 × cos 10° = 24.6 m s−1
vV = 25 m s−1 × sin 10° = 4.34 m s−1
30 m = 24.61 m s−1 × t
→ t = 30 m ÷ 24.6 m s−1 = 1.22 s
s = 4.34 m s−1 × 1.22 s − 0.5 × 9.81 × 1.222 = −1.99 m
Height = 2.9 m − 1.99 m = 0.91 m
0.91 m > 0.00 m ⸫ success
14(b)
Either
Use of EK = ½ m v2 (1)
Or
Use of F = m a (1)
Example of calculation
EK = ½ × 63 × 232 = 1.67 × 104 J
1.67 × 104 J = F × 43
F = 1.67 × 104 J / 43 = 3.88 × 102 N
*15
This question assesses a student’s ability to show a coherent and logically
structured answer with linkages and fully-sustained reasoning.
Marks are awarded for indicative content and for how the answer is structured and
shows lines of reasoning.
The following table shows how the marks should be awarded for indicative content
and lines of reasoning.
Indicative content
• When the spacecraft is accelerating the astronaut accelerates at the same rate.
• The seat is applying a forward force to the astronaut so (by N3) the astronaut is
applying a backward/opposite force to the seat (which compresses the seat).
• As the fuel is used up, the mass of the spacecraft decreases.
• (As the mass of the spacecraft decreases) the acceleration increases.
• The force between the seat and the astronaut increases thus further compressing
the seat.
• The seat decompresses (to push the astronaut forwards) when the force (from
the rocket motor) becomes zero.
Or
The seat decompresses when the force (from the rocket motor) is removed.
Or
The force from the safety strap decelerates the astronaut.
1IC (1)
2IC Or 3IC (1)
3IC + linkage Or 4IC Or 5IC (1) 6
4IC + linkage Or 5IC + linkage Or 6IC (1)
5IC + 2 × linkage Or 6 IC + linkage (1)
6IC + 2 × linkage (1)
Example of calculation
Taking moments about rear axle:
R1 = (1.8 m 1.23 104 N) / 6 m = 3.69 103 N
Taking moments about the front axle:
R2 = (4.2 m 1.23 104 N) / 6 m = 8.61 103 N
16(b)
Use of ΣF = m a (1)
ΣF = 6.77 104 N (1) 2
Example of calculation
ΣF = (1.23 104 N / g) × 5.50 g = 6.77 104 N
16(c)
Reference to P = W / t Or ΔW = F Δs (1)
Force decreases as velocity increases (1) 2
17(b)(i)
𝜎 𝐹 ∆𝑥 (1)
Use of 𝐸 = and 𝜎 = and 𝜖 =
𝜀 𝐴 𝑥
(1)
Use of 𝐹 = 𝑘∆𝑥
(1)
k = 1.35 × 105 (N m–1) 3
Example of calculation
2.70 × 109 N m−2 = F × 6.00 m ÷ (3.00 × 10−4 m2 × ΔL)
F = (2.70 × 109 N m−2 × 3.00 × 10−4 m2 ÷ 6.00 m) × ΔL = k Δx
𝐹 2.70 × 109 N m−2 × 3.00 × 10−4 m2
𝑘= =
∆𝐿 6.00 m
= 1.35 × 105 N m-1
17(b)(ii)
Correct use of factor of 2 to calculate F or Δx (1)
Example of calculation
F = 5 000 N/ 2 = 2 500 N
𝐹 2 500 N
∆𝑥 = = = 1.85 × 10−2 m
𝑘 1.35 × 105 N m-1
17(b)(iii)
Use of ΔEel = ½ FΔx (1)
Example of calculation
ΔEel = 0.5 2 500 N 1.85 10–2 m = 23.13 J
17(c)
Use of W = FΔs (to find the work done in lifting the load) (1)
Compares 7 500 J with their calculated value in b(iii) and draws suitable (1) 2
conclusion
Example of calculation
Work done by pulley system = 5 × 103 N × 1.5 m = 7 500 J
23(.1) (J) << 7 500 (J) ⸫ not significant
18(b)
Use of V = 4π r3 / 3 (1)
Use of D = W – U (1)
(1) 5
D = 0.24 (N)
Example of calculation
V = 43𝜋 × (0.0175 m)3 = 2.24 ×10−5 m3
U = 2.24 ×10−5 m3 × 1.43 × 103 kg m−3 × 9.81 N kg−1 = 0.314 N
W = 2.24 ×10−5 m3 × 2.52 × 103 kg m−3 × 9.81 N kg−1 = 0.554 N
D = 0.554 N − 0.314 N = 0.240 N
4
𝐷 = 𝑊 − 𝑈 = (2.52 − 1.43) × 103 kg m−3 × 9.81 N kg −1 × 3𝜋
× (0.0175 m)3 = 0.24 N
18(c)(i)
All data points are close to the straight line through origin
Or
Best fit straight line goes through origin (1)
18(c)(ii)
Determines gradient of graph (1)
Example of calculation
(𝜌𝑔 − 𝜌𝑠 ) 𝑔 (2.52 − 1.43)×103 kg m−3 ×9.81N kg −1
𝜂= =
18𝑘 18 ×6 m−1 s−1
= 99.0 Pa s