Practical File ON Information System Management-Lab: Bachelor of Business Administration Batch 2019 - 22

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PRACTICAL FILE

ON
INFORMATION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT-LAB

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY


In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION


Batch 2019 - 22

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:


PRINCE CHAUHAN Mr. SHAILENDRA KUMAR
05015501719 ASSISTANT PROFFESOR

NEW DELHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT


61A, TUGHLAKABAD, NEW DELHI-62
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the practical titled “Information System Management-Lab” submitted by
PRINCE CHAUHAN to New Delhi Institute of Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha
University in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of the Bachelor of Business
Administration degree is an original piece of work carried out under my guidance and may be
submitted for evaluation.
The assistance rendered during the study has been duly
acknowledged. No part of this work has been submitted for any other
degree.

Place: New Delhi

Faculty Guide

Date: Mr. SHAILENDRA KUMAR


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Any accomplishment requires the effort of many people and this work is not different.
Regardless of the source, I wish to express my gratitude to those who may have contributed
to this work, even though anonymously.

I would like to pay my sincere thanks to my Information System Management- Lab”


faculty Mr. SHAILENDRA KUMAR under whose guidance I was able to complete
my Practical successfully. I have been fortunate enough to get all the support,
encouragement and guidance from him needed to explore, think new and initiate.

My final thank goes out to my parents, family members, teachers and friends who
encouraged me countless times to persevere through this entire process.

PRINCE CHAUHAN
INDEX
1 Explain Information System Management.

2 Introduction of Database Management System.

3 Introduction to the following Concepts.


a. DDL
b. DML
c. Aggregate Function

4 Explain ER D with an Example.

5 Create Employee Table with EMP_ID, EMP_NAME, EMP_DEPT,


EMP_ADDRESS, MOBILE_NUMBER, EMP_SALARY and then Use Aggregate
function by Queries
6 Write the query for these command
• ALTER
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• LIKE
Q)Information System Management :
MIS stands for Management Information System. It is a planned system of
Collecting, Storing and Disseminating data in the form of Information needed to
carry out the functions of Management like helping in decision making process.
MIS enhances the quality of management and growth of the organisation by
providing timely, accurate and meaningful information for planning, Organising
and control.

Objectives:

Data Capturing: It captures data from various internal and external sources of
the Organisation. Data capturing may be manual or through computer terminals.

Processing Of Data: The captured data is processed into information needed for
Planning, Organising, Coordinating, Directing and controlling functionalities at
strategic and operational level.

Storage of Information: MIS stores the processed or unprocessed data for future
use.

Retrieval of Information: Mis retrieves the Information from the storage when
required by various users.

Dissemination of Information: Information, which is a finished product of MIS,


is circulated to its users using the Organisations network.

Purpose:

The Purpose of MIS is Reporting and is to Provide the Necessary Information to


the Managers and Supervisors at the various levels to help them to discharge their
functions of Organising, Planning, Control and Decision making. Management
Information System is a system Designed in an Organisation to provide right
information at the right time to facilitate Managerial decision making.
Components:

People: These are the users who use the information system to record the day to
day Business transactions.

Business Procedures: These are agreed upon best practices that guide the users
and all other components on how to work efficiently. Business procedures are
developed by the people

Data: It is the recorded day to day transactions.

Hardware: The hardware provides the computing power for processing data. It
also provides networking and printing capabilities. The hardware speeds up the
processing of data into information.

Software: These are programs that run on the hardware. The software is broken
down into two major categories namely system software and applications
software.

Q) Introduction to Database Management


System:
A database management system (DBMS) refers to the technology for creating
and managing databases. DBMS is a software tool to organize (create, retrieve,
update, and manage) data in a database.

The main aim of a DBMS is to supply a way to store up and retrieve database
information that is both convenient and efficient. By data, we mean known facts
that can be recorded and that have embedded meaning. Usually, people use
software such as DBASE IV or V, Microsoft ACCESS, or EXCEL to store data
in the form of a database. A datum is a unit of data. Meaningful data combined to
form information. Hence, information is interpreted data - data provided with
semantics. MS. ACCESS is one of the most common examples of database
management software.
Knowledge refers to the useful use of information. As you know, that information
can be transported, stored, and shared without any problems and difficulties, but
the same cannot be said about knowledge. Knowledge necessarily involves
personal experience and practice.
Database systems are meant to handle an extensive collection of information.
Management of data involves both defining structures for storage of information
and providing mechanisms that can do the manipulation of those stored
information. Moreover, the database system must ensure the safety of the
information stored, despite system crashes or attempts at unauthorized access.

Why to use DBMS:

 To develop software applications In less time.


 Data independence and efficient use of data.
 For uniform data administration.
 For data integrity and security.
 For concurrent access to data, and data recovery from crashes.
 To use user-friendly declarative query language.

Advantages of DBMS:
A DBMS manages data and has many benefits. These are:

 Data independence: Application programs should be as free or independent


as possible from details of data representation and storage. DBMS can
supply an abstract view of the data for insulating application code from
such facts.
 Efficient data access: DBMS utilizes a mixture of sophisticated concepts
and techniques for storing and retrieving data competently. This feature
becomes important in cases where the data is stored on external storage
devices.
 Data integrity and security: If data is accessed through the DBMS, the
DBMS can enforce integrity constraints on the data.
 Data administration: When several users share the data, integrating the
administration of data can offer significant improvements. Experienced
professionals understand the nature of the data being managed and can be
responsible for organizing the data representation to reduce redundancy
and make the data to retrieve efficiently.

Components of DBMS:

 Users: Users may be of any kind such as DB administrator, System


developer, or database users.
 Database application: Database application may be Departmental,
Personal, organization's and / or Internal.
 DBMS: Software that allows users to create and manipulate database
access,
 Database: Collection of logical data as a single unit.
Q) Introduction to The Following concepts:

Data Definition Language:


DDL changes the structure of the table like creating a table, deleting a table,
altering a table, etc.
All the command of DDL are auto-committed that means it permanently save all
the changes in the database.

Here are some commands that come under DDL:


 CREATE
 ALTER
 DROP
 TRUNCATE

a. CREATE: It is used to create a new table in the database.

Syntax:
CREATE TABLE TABLE_NAME (COLUMN_NAME DATATYPES[,....
]) ;

Example:
CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(Name VARCHAR2(20), Email VARCHA
R2(100), DOB DATE) ;

b. DROP: It is used to delete both the structure and record stored in the table.

Syntax:
DROP TABLE ;

Example:

DROP TABLE EMPLOYEE ;

c. ALTER: It is used to alter the structure of the database. This change could
be either to modify the characteristics of an existing attribute or probably to
add a new attribute.
Syntax:
To add a new column in the table
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name COLUMN-definition;

To modify existing column in the table:


ALTER TABLE MODIFY(COLUMN DEFINITION.. .) ;

Example:
• ALTER TABLE STU_DETAILS ADD(ADDRESS VARCHAR2(20));
• ALTER TABLE STU_DETAILS MODIFY (NAME VARCHAR2(20));

d. TRUNCATE: It is used to delete all the rows from the table and free the
space containing the table.

Syntax: TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;


Ex. TRUNCATE TABLE EMPLOYEE;

Data Manipulation Language:

DML commands are used to modify the database. It is responsible for all form of
changes in the database.
The command of DML is not auto-committed that means it can't permanently
save all the changes in the database. They can be rollback.

Here are some commands that come under DML:


• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE

a. INSERT: The INSERT statement is a SQL query. It is used to insert data


into the row of a table.

Syntax: INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME (col1, col2, col3,.....col N)


VALUES (value1, value2, value3,.....valueN);
OR

INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME


VALUES (value1, value2, value3,.....valueN);

For example:

INSERT INTO javatpoint (Author, Subject) VALUES ("Sonoo", "DBMS")


;

b. UPDATE: This command is used to update or modify the value of a


column in the table.

Syntax:
UPDATE table_name SET [column_name1= value1,. .column_nameN = va
lueN] [WHERE CONDITION]

For Example:

UPDATE students SET User_Name = 'Sonoo' WHERE Student_Id = '3'

c. DELETE: It is used to remove one or more row from a table.

Syntax: DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE condition];

For Example:
DELETE FROM javatpoint
WHERE Author="Sonoo";

Aggregate Functions:
SQL aggregation function is used to perform the calculations on multiple rows of
a single column of a table. It returns a single value.

It is also used to summarize the data.


Types of Aggregate Functions are :

1) COUNT FUNCTION: COUNT function is used to Count the number of rows


in a database table. It can work on both numeric and non-numeric data types.
COUNT function uses the COUNT(*) that returns the count of all the rows in a
specified table. COUNT(*) considers duplicate and Null.

Syntax:
COUNT(*)
or
COUNT( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

For Example:

a. COUNT() :

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

b. COUNT with WHERE :

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST;
WHERE RATE>=20;

c. COUNT() with DISTINCT() :

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT COMPANY)


FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

d. COUNT() with GROUP BY :

SELECT COMPANY, COUNT(*)


FROM PRODUCT_MAST
GROUP BY COMPANY;
e. COUNT() with HAVING :

SELECT COMPANY, COUNT(*)


FROM PRODUCT_MAST
GROUP BY COMPANY
HAVING COUNT(*)>2;

2) SUM FUNCTION: Sum function is used to calculate the sum of all selected
columns. It works on numeric fields only.

Syntax :
SUM()
or
SUM( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

For Example:

a. SUM() :

SELECT SUM(COST)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

b. SUM() with WHERE() :

SELECT SUM(COST)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST
WHERE QTY>3;

c. SUM() with GROUP BY :

SELECT SUM(COST)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST
WHERE QTY>3
GROUP BY COMPANY;
d. SUM() with HAVING() :

SELECT COMPANY, SUM(COST)


FROM PRODUCT_MAST
GROUP BY COMPANY
HAVING SUM(COST)>=170;

3) AVG FUNCTION: The AVG function is used to calculate the average value
of the numeric type. AVG function returns the average of all non-Null values.

Syntax :

AVG()
or
AVG( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

For Example :

SELECT AVG(COST)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

4) MAX FUNCTION: MAX function is used to find the maximum value of a


certain column. This function determines the largest value of all selected values
of a column.

Syntax :

MAX()
or
MAX( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

For Example :

SELECT MAX(RATE) FROM PRODUCT_MAST ;


5) MIN FUNCTION: MIN function is used to find the minimum value of a
certain column. This function determines the smallest value of all selected values
of a column.

Syntax :

MIN()
or
MIN( [ALL|DISTINCT] expression )

For Example :

SELECT MIN(RATE)
FROM PRODUCT_MAST;

Q) Entity Relationship Diagram:


An entity relationship diagram (ERD), also known as an entity relationship
model, is a graphical representation that depicts relationships among people,
objects, places, concepts or events within an information technology (IT) system.
An ERD uses data modelling techniques that can help define business processes
and serve as the foundation for a relational database.

Entity :

Data objects detailed by the information in the database. They are Denoted by
Rectangles.

For Example :

Employee Department
Attributes :

Attributes are the Characteristics of entities or relationships. It Denoted by


ellipses.

Employee

Nam EMP_ID
e
Relationships :

Relationships represents the associations between cities. They are denoted by


diamonds.

Employee Works Departme


in
nt

Name EMP_ID Name Bud


get

Example of ER Diagram :
Q) Create Employee Table with EMP_ID,
EMP_NAME, EMP_DEPT,
EMP_ADDRESS, MOBILE_NUMBER,
EMP_SALARY and then Use Aggregate
function by Queries :

CREATE TABLE Employee(


EMP_ID INT,
EMP_NAME VARCHAR(255),
EMP_DEPT VARCHAR(255),
EMP_ADDRESS VARCHAR(255),
MOBILE_NUMBER INT,
EMP_SALARY INT);
Insert into
Employee(EMP_ID,EMP_NAME,EMP_DEPT,EMP_ADDRESS,MOBILE_NU
MBER,EMP_SALARY)
Values(1 , 'Akansh' , 'Tech' , 'Delhi' , 723167821 , 100000 ),
(2 , 'Bankej' , 'Tech' , 'Delhi' , 678687542 , 1000000 ),
(3 , 'Aditya' , 'Accounts' , 'Gujrat' , 576587762 , 1000 ),
(4 , 'Gaurav' , 'Financial' , 'Istanbul' , 242112343 , 1200 ),
(5 , 'Bandiya' , 'Shipping' , 'Ghaziabad' , 543432342 , 1000000 );

1) Count() :

a) Select COUNT(*) from Employee;

b) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Employee WHERE EMP_SALARY >=


2000;
c) SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT(EMP_NAME)) FROM Employee;

d) SELECT EMP_ADDRESS, COUNT(*) FROM Employee GROUP


BY EMP_ADDRESS;
e) SELECT EMP_ADDRESS, COUNT(*) FROM Employee GROUP BY
EMP_ADDRESS HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 ;

2) SUM() :

a) Select SUM(EMP_SALARY) FROM Employee;


b) SELECT SUM(EMP_SALARY) from Employee WHERE
EMP_SALARY > 10000 ;

c) SELECT EMP_ADDRESS, SUM(EMP_SALARY) from


Employee GROUP BY EMP_ADDRESS;
d) SELECT EMP_ADDRESS, SUM(EMP_SALARY) from
Employee GROUP BY EMP_ADDRESS HAVING EMP_SALARY
> 10000 ;

3) AVG() :

Select AVG(EMP_SALARY) FROM Employee;


4) MAX() :

Select EMP_ID, EMP_NAME, MAX(EMP_SALARY) FROM Employee;

5) MIN() :

SELECT EMP_ID, EMP_NAME, MIN(EMP_SALARY) FROM Employee;


Q) Write the query for these command
• ALTER
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• LIKE
Table for Applying the queries :

CREATE TABLE Student_Marks(


SUBJECT_CODE INT,
SUBJECT_NAME VARCHAR(255)
);
Alter :

ALTER TABLE Student_Marks


ADD MARKS_OBTAINED;

Insert :

INSERT INTO Student_Marks(SUBJECT_CODE, SUBJECT_NAME,


Marks_Obtained)
Values(1 , 'Science' , 88),(2 , 'Maths' , 90),(3 , 'EVS' , 95),(4 , 'English' , 85),(5
, 'Physical Education' , 100) ;
Update :

Update Student_Marks
SET MARKS_OBTAINED = 97
Where SUBJECT_NAME = 'EVS' ;

Like :
SELECT * FROM Student_Marks WHERE SUBJECT_NAME LIKE "E%";

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