Cloud Web Services

Module: 01

Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

AIM:

The aim of this module is to introduce students about cloud computing and Amazon web services.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Objectives:

The objectives of this module are:

• Explain Cloud Computing and the need for cloud

• Outline the history of Cloud Computing
• Describe the various cloud deployment models
• Explain different types of clouds
• Explain the business value of Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

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Introduction to cloud computing and Amazon web services

Outcome:

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

• Explain Cloud Computing and its advantages

• Describe cloud deployment models
• Concept and uses of Amazon web services
• Recognise the business applications of cloud

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Introduction to cloud computing and Amazon web services

Contents
1. What is cloud computing?
2. Uses of cloud computing
3. Cloud computing architecture
4. Difference between cloud computing and distributed system
5. Advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing
6. Different service model of cloud computing
7. Different types of clouds
8. Cloud security
9. How to create a free tier AWS account?
10. Introduction to AWS and computing services
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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Have you uploaded photos and videos on

Facebook?

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Have you accessed the photos that you uploaded on Facebook in the past?

Where are the photos

and videos we
uploaded on
Facebook stored?

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

All the data are stored on Facebook servers located all across the globe.
Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Similarly, we access Gmail, LinkedIn and other social media applications.

All we need is a
password and if we can
get to the internet
No.
through any device we
So, there is no need to can access our data.
store anything?

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

To understand why cloud computing is needed, consider this as an example; we all have
used Uber or Ola services at least once.

What is the advantage of using these services over buying a car?

VS.

Own car

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Buying a car
requires Cloud computing
investment, services such as
driving Uber or Ola is
ourselves or like renting a car.
hiring a No parking
chauffeur, space required,
parking space no maintenance
and and you pay by
maintenance. miles.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Why Cloud?

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Why Cloud?

• Cloud provides a host of benefits which make it so popular.

• We can not only store large amounts of data securely on the cloud, but it is also possible to rent the latest hi-
tech software and even hardware.

• For example:

• Consider that you are using a traditional method of computing in your office. If your company recruits
some more employees, then you need to do all the hardware as well as software setup for all those
employees again, which will inevitably increase your expenses.
• However, using cloud computing, you get the platform on rent and simply provide the employees a
terminal and credentials to logon to their virtual system. Hence, in this case, you rent the processing time,
memory and the software setup.
• Whenever an employee quits, his resources are freed and there is no need to pay for those rentals.

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What is Cloud?

The cloud itself is a set of hardware, networks, storage, services and interfaces that enable the delivery of
computing as a service.

Cloud Computing – Definition:

Cloud Computing is the on-demand delivery of computer power, infrastructure, applications, storage and other IT
resources through a cloud services platform via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.

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History of Cloud Computing

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

History of Cloud Computing

• The origin of cloud can be traced as far back as 1950s when John McCarthy, a
computer scientist, introduced ‘theory of time sharing’.

• In the 1960s, J.C.R. Licklider developed the ARPANET (Advanced Research

Projects Agency Network) which formed the basis of today’s internet.

• The development of virtual machines in 1970s enabled users to run multiple

operating systems on a single machine.

• In 1991, the World Wide Web emerged.

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History of Cloud Computing

• The 1990s also saw a shift from point-to-point data circuits to virtual private network
services being offered by telecommunication companies. This resulted in increased
bandwidth at a lower cost.

• In 1997, the first definition of cloud computing was given by Professor Ramnath
Chellapa of Emory University. He defined Cloud Computing as,

‘Computing paradigm where the boundaries of computing will be determined

by economic rationale rather than technical limits alone.’

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
History of Cloud Computing

Major Milestones:

• 1999: Salesforce.com
 Established the ability to use a simple website on the Internet to deliver
enterprise-level applications.

• 2002: Amazon Web Services

 Featured several cloud-based retail services which included data storage and
computation.

• 2006: Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) – the first commercial cloud
 Enabled small companies to rent computers that would host and run their own
applications.
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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
History of Cloud Computing

Major Milestones:

• 2007: Dropbox
 MIT student created this file-hosting service that offers file storage and
synchronization.

• 2009:
 Google Apps – example of browser-based enterprise applications.
 Windows Azure – Microsoft’s cloud computing platform.

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Types of clouds

Four Cloud Deployment Models: Deployment models describe the ways with which the cloud services
can be deployed or made available to its customers, depending on the organizational structure and the
provisioning location. Four deployment models are usually distinguished, namely, public, private,
community, and hybrid cloud service usage:
1. Private cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization
comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units). It may be owned, managed, and operated
by the organization, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off
premises.
2. Public cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public. It may
be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization, or some
combination of them. It exists on the premises of the cloud provider. 20
Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Types of clouds

3. Community cloud: The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a specific
community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance
considerations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third party and may exist on premise or
off premise.

4. Hybrid cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures
(private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or
proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load
balancing between clouds).

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Types of clouds

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Types of clouds
Three Service Offering Models
The three kinds of services with which the cloud-based computing resources are available to end
customers are as follows: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). It is also known as the software–platform–infrastructure (SPI) model
of the cloud.
• SaaS
• PaaS
• IaaS

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Types of clouds
Three Service Offering Models
SaaS
• The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud
infrastructure, including network, servers, operating systems, storage, and even individual
application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application
configuration settings.
• The applications are accessible from various client devices, either through a thin client interface,
such as a web browser (e.g., web-based e-mail), or a program interface.
• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure.

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Types of clouds
PaaS

• The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-
created or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services, and
tools supported by the provider.

• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure, but has control
over the deployed applications and possible configuration settings for the application-hosting
environment.

• In other words, it is a packaged and ready-to-run development or operating framework.

• The PaaS vendor provides the networks, servers, storage and manages the levels of scalability
and maintenance.
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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Types of clouds
IaaS

• The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other
fundamental computing resources on a pay-per-use basis where he or she is able to deploy and run
arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications.

• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over
the operating systems, storage, and deployed applications and possibly limited control of select
networking components (e.g., host firewalls).

• The service provider owns the equipment and is responsible for housing, cooling operation, and
maintenance.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Types of clouds

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Characteristics of Cloud Computing

1. On-demand Service

2. Broad Network Service

3. Resource Pooling

4. Rapid Elasticity

5. Measured Service

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Characteristics of Cloud Computing

1. On-demand Service: The user can provide the required resources automatically without
human intervention.

2. Broad Network Access: Accessible from any of the consumer’s devices (such as Mobile,
tablet, laptop and Desktop).

3. Resource Pooling: Multiple consumers can use multiple physical and virtual resources
dynamically assigned and reassigned according to their demand.

4. Rapid Elasticity: Capabilities can be provisioned elastically. They can be scaled up-and-
down based on the consumer’s demand.

5. Measured Service: The service is measured using the pay-as-you-go pricing model.
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Cloud Services – Pyramid

Model:

NIST defines three service SaaS – Software as a Service

SaaS
models: SaaS, Paas and IaaS.

The figure depicts their

relationship as a hierarchical PaaS – Platform as a Service
PaaS
model with each layer
consuming elements of the
layers below it.
IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service
IaaS

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Cloud Service Models

• Cloud resources can be consumed by:

 Other cloud services
 Traditional electronic devices
 Users using web browsers

• IaaS is at the fundamental level which includes services such as networking, storage and other
architectural elements for system administrator and enterprise planners.

• Application developers consume services at PaaS level.

• The applications developed are consumed by the users at the SaaS level.

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Users

Apps

Application Developers
Platform

System
Admins
Infrastructure

What is found at each level? Who consumes each level?

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Traditional IT vs. Cloud Services Models

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Traditional IT vs. Cloud Services Model – Pizza Analogy

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Infrastructure as a Service

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

IaaS
• Platform Virtualization
• Service Level Agreement (SLA)
• IaaS Networking
• Virtual Private Cloud
• IaaS Storage
• IaaS Security
• Cloud Data Protection
• Cloud Pricing
• Cloud Migration
• IaaS Benefits and Risks
• IaaS Examples

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Why do companies rent external infrastructure?

There are four reasons:

• Price – renting is cheaper.

• Aggregation of Resources – helps in scaling the resources up-or-down.

• Speed of Deployment – no overhead of maintenance means faster deployment of

products.

• Security – service providers take care of security issues such as Denial of service
attacks.

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Overview of Infrastructure as a Service:

• Infrastructure as a Service is also called as Hardware as a Service (HaaS).

• Virtualized resources (CPU, memory, storage and eventually service substrates) are used (on a pay per
use basis) by applications.

• IaaS helps you avoid the expense and complexity of buying and managing your own physical servers
and other data center infrastructure. Each resource is offered as a separate service component and you
only need to rent a particular one for as long as you need it.

• Currently, the most high-profile IaaS operation is Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).
It provides a Web interface that allows customers to access virtual machines. EC2 offers scalability
under the user’s control with the user paying for resources by the hour.

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Common IaaS Business Scenarios

Businesses use IaaS for:

1. Test and Development: test environments can be quickly setup and dismantled as a result of which
new applications can be brought to the market faster.

2. Web Hosting: using IaaS for web hosting is less expensive.

3. Storage, Backup and Recovery: the need for physical storage can effectively be eliminated, as IaaS
is useful in handling unpredictable demand in storage requirements.

4. High-Performance Computing: using super computers for highly complex computing such as
earthquake simulations.

5. Big Data Analysis: mining large amounts of data sets to analyse and find useful patterns within, that
requires huge processing, which IaaS can provide economically.
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Virtualization:

• Virtualization is a fundamental mechanism for delivering cloud services.

• Virtualization refers to the creation of a virtual resource such as a server, desktop, operating system,
file, storage or network.

• The main goal of virtualization is to manage workloads by radically transforming traditional

computing to make it more scalable.

• The most common form of virtualization is the operating system-level virtualization. In operating
system-level virtualization, it is possible to run multiple operating systems on a single piece of
hardware. Virtualization technology involves separating the physical hardware and software by
emulating hardware using software. When a different OS is operating on top of the primary OS by
means of virtualization, it is referred to as a virtual machine.

• A virtual machine is nothing but a data file on a physical computer that can be moved and copied to
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Virtualization:

Virtualization provides a platform for optimizing complex IT resources in a scalable manner (efficiently
growing), which is ideal for delivering services.

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Characteristics of Virtual Machines:

Virtualization has three characteristics that make it ideal for cloud computing:

• Partitioning: In virtualization, many applications and operating systems (OS) are supported in a single
physical system by partitioning (separating) the available resources.

• Isolation: Each virtual machine is isolated from its host physical system and other virtualized machines.
Because of this isolation, if one virtual instance crashes, it does not affect the other virtual machines. In
addition, data is not shared between one virtual container and another.

• Encapsulation: A virtual machine can be represented (and even stored) as a single file, so that you can
easily identify it based on the service it provides. In essence, the encapsulated process could be a
business service. This encapsulated virtual machine can be presented to an application as a complete
entity. Therefore, encapsulation can protect each application, so that it does not interfere with another
application.
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Using a Hypervisor in Virtualization:

• A hypervisor is an operating system, which makes things happen in an orderly manner. The hypervisor
sits at the lowest levels of the hardware environment.

• Because in cloud computing, you need to support different operating environments. Thus, the hypervisor
becomes an ideal delivery mechanism.

• The hypervisor lets you show the same application on lots of systems without having to physically copy
that application onto each system.

• It is designed like a mainframe OS rather than the Windows operating system.

• The hypervisor, therefore, schedules the amount of access, everything that guest OSes have to, from the
CPU, to memory, to disk I/O and to any other I/O mechanisms.

• With virtualization technology, you can set up the hypervisor to split the physical computer’s resources.
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Types of Hypervisor:

Different hypervisors support different aspects of the cloud.

Hypervisors come in several types:

• Native hypervisors, which sit directly on the hardware

platform, are most likely used to gain better performance
for individual users.

• Hosted hypervisors run as a distinct software layer

above both the hardware and the OS. This type of
hypervisor is useful both in private and in public clouds
to gain performance improvements.

• Embedded hypervisors are integrated into a processor

on a separate chip. Using this type of hypervisor, a
service provider gains performance improvements.
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Virtualization Benefits:

Virtualization offers many practical benefits, including the following:

• New systems can be setup easily.

• No need to invest in hardware for testing and debugging setups.
• The capability to recover quickly from system corruption.
• Relocating and migrating systems with ease. For example, moving to a more powerful machine can
simply be a matter of taking a snapshot of a virtual machine and starting up a new virtual machine
based on that snapshot.
• The ease of remote management. Physical access to data centers is tightly controlled these days. The
use of virtual machines greatly reduces the need for physical access.
• Multiple operating systems can be run simultaneously on one server.

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Containers:

• Containers are an alternative to Virtual Machines (VMs) used in cloud computing.

• A container is designed to virtualize a single application instead of the entire operating system.

• For example, if you have a MySQL container, it provides a virtual instance of the application and that
is all it does.

• Containers create an isolation at application level, rather than at server level. Therefore, any issues like
over consumption of resources by a process affects only that container and not the whole VM.

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Virtual Machines vs Containers:

Instead of virtualizing the BIOS and hardware like a virtual machine, containers operate on top of a shared
operating system.
However, because containers do not need to utilize the extra hardware required to run their own operating
systems, you can run as many as 4× or 6 × the number of containers more than VMs.

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Advantages of Containers over Virtual Machines:

• Containers can initiate in milliseconds compared with VMs which initiate in minutes.

• Containers use less resources resulting in faster performance than VMs.

• The ability to operate more containers in the same amount of space taken by a VM.

Disadvantages of Containers:

• Containers can be harder to manage than VMs, especially when there is a large number of containers.

• Containers are less secure than VMs as each container can be a potential attack surface depending on
permissions given to the app.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
Service Level Agreement (SLA)
• Think of building a new home or buying a new car, we expect to have a blueprint for the house or
warranty to be given with the purchase of the new car.

• A service level agreement (SLA) serves as both a blueprint and warranty for cloud computing.

• An SLA is a contract between a service provider (either internal or external) and the end user that
defines the level of service expected from the service provider.

• SLAs define what the customer will receive, not how the service itself is provided or delivered.

• A telecom company's SLA for example, may promise network availability of 99.999 percent (that works
out to about five and a quarter minutes of downtime per year, which can still be too long for some
businesses), and allow the customer to reduce their payment by a given percentage if it is not achieved
usually based on the magnitude of the breach.

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Service Level Agreement (SLA)

• Every company that buys any service from a cloud service provider must either accept a standard
service level agreement (SLA) from the provider or negotiate such an agreement.

• No organization should commit mission-critical systems to the cloud without negotiating an SLA that
includes significant penalties for not delivering the promised service level.

• IT and the service provider must work together to establish these SLAs.

• Typical SLAs include the following:

1. Response times (possibly varying by transaction)

2. Availability on any given day
3. Overall uptime target
4. Agreed-on response times and procedures in the event a service goes down

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Virtual Private Cloud

• A virtual private cloud (VPC) is a hybrid model of cloud computing in which a private cloud solution is
provided within a public cloud provider’s infrastructure.

• VPC is a cloud computing service in which a public cloud provider isolates a specific portion of their
public cloud infrastructure to be provisioned for private use. The VPC infrastructure is managed by a
public cloud vendor; however, the resources allocated to a VPC are not shared with any other customer.

• VPC are specifically for those who want to benefit from cloud yet have some concerns about privacy,
security and loss of control over proprietary data.

• VPC customers are given dedicated cloud servers, virtual networks, cloud storage and private ID
addresses.

• Examples for VPCs include Amazon VPC and Google App Engine.

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Benefits of Virtual Private Cloud

• Bandwidth Efficiency
• Application Performance
• Security

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IaaS Networking

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IaaS Networking

• Network resources can be virtualized just like other cloud resources. To do this, a cloud uses virtual
switches to separate a physical network into logical partitions.

• A virtual network is like a LAN. It is an isolated address space that can be divided into automatically
routed subnets.

• Virtual LANS (VLANs) can act as an extension of the enterprise’s private network. You can connect to it
via an encrypted Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection.

• A hypervisor can share a single physical network interface with multiple virtual machines. Each virtual
machine has one or more virtual network interfaces.

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IaaS Storage overview

• IaaS storage can be very complex. It involves creating a resource pool which may include virtualized
storage and tie it up with orchestration, to support cloud requirements such as moving running VMs
between servers and taking instant snapshots of multi-terabyte virtual drives.

• Networked storage services are generally classified in the way they are consumed and interfaced with
on the client side. The thee types of storage are:
• File storage
• Block storage
• Object Storage

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• File Storage:
The most traditional service type is a shared file system, or simply “file storage” which allows users
to access shared folders. The two most popular shared file system protocols in use today are Network
File System (NFS) and SMB/CIFS (Server Message Block/Common Internet File System).

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Block Storage
• Block storage devices provide fixed-size raw storage capacity. Each storage volume can be treated as
an independent disk drive and controlled by an external server operating system.

• The most common examples of Block Storage are SAN, iSCSI, and local disks.

• Block storage devices typically are formatted with a file system like FAT32, NTFS, EXT3, and EXT4.

Object Storage
• Data kept on object storage devices consist of the object data and metadata. It can be any kind of data
such as photos, videos, and log files.

• It can be accessed directly through APIs or http/https.

• The object store guarantees that the data will not be lost. Object storage data can be replicated across
different data centers and offer simple web service interfaces for access.
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• It is ideal to store unstructured data like music, image, and video files.
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IaaS Storage

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IaaS Security issues

With IaaS in public cloud, we control VMs and services running on VMs. The security issues that should
be addressed are:

• Data Leakage Protection and Usage Monitoring

Data stored in IaaS infrastructure in both private and public clouds must be closely monitored. Logs
should be maintained showing when the data were accessed, by whom and from where. Policies for
information need to be created and deployed. In addition, transparent process can be created that
monitors information usage.

• End-to-End Logging and Reporting

The effective deployment of IaaS demands comprehensive logging and reporting in place. Robust
logging and reporting solutions help to keep track of where the information is, who accesses it, which
machines are handling it and which storage arrays are responsible for it. These solutions are important
for service management and optimization.

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IaaS Security

• Authentication and Authorization

Robust authentication and authorization is essential for effective Data Loss Prevention. For every
application, apart login ID and password, a two-factor or multi-factor authentication must be added.

• Infrastructure Hardening
Infrastructure hardening is the act of applying security to each component of the infrastructure
including: Web servers, application servers, identity and access management solutions, and database
systems.

• End-to-End Encryption
IaaS should take advantage of end-to-end encryption. The entire disk can be encrypted to prevent
offline attacks. Also, all communication to host OS and VMs in the IaaS infrastructure should be
encrypted using SSL/TLS.

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Cloud Data Protection

• Cloud data protection is a type of data protection model used to protect stored, static and moving data
in the cloud. It is designed to implement optimal data storage, protection and security methodologies.

• Cloud data protection provides and ensures various services and processes such as:

1. Data Integrity: Data are in the same form as its stored version. Data encryption is used to secure
data from illegal editing and corruption.
2. Storage management: The cloud infrastructure must provide a secure and continuously
available interface for data access as required. Logs of each data access, edit and copying event
are maintained.
3. Infrastructure security: These are the collective processes, policies and measures that ensure
cloud/storage infrastructure security.

• Data Protection as a Service (DPaaS) which provides managed data protection services for stored
cloud data is an example of cloud data protection.
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Cloud Pricing:

• In general, Cloud providers use the pay-as-you-go pricing.

• However, there are no standards when it comes to pricing across various cloud providers. Therefore,
purchasing decisions are difficult for consumers.

• The cloud companies may break down pricing based on whether the virtual machine is dedicated or shared
by multiple tenants.

• Costs may also be split by compute, storage and networking use on a per GB basis.

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Cloud Pricing:

According to a report from 451 Research Group, some of the ways cloud providers price the services are:

Pricing Model Description

On-demand pricing Billed for consumption of virtual machines using a fixed unit price.

Reserved instances Flat fee in advance with a discounted rate.

Spot pricing Customers bid to gain access to resources whose price keeps varying.

Prepaid VM access Customers pay a single fixed fee to access a specifically sized instance for the duration
of the plan. It can also be a recurring monthly plan. During this duration they can have
unlimited access to the VM.
Recurring resource pooling Customers commit to purchase a quantity of resources (number of CPU cores, quantity
of RAM) in advance, on a recurring basis.

Prepaid Consumption Customers pay a set amount at the beginning of a term, and costs of consumption are
debited from this prepaid amount. It can be done in a recurring plan as well.
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Migrating to the Cloud:

• Cloud migration is the process of moving data, applications or other business elements from an
organization's onsite computers to the cloud, or moving them from one cloud environment to
another.

• Moving data or business elements from one cloud environment to another is called “cloud-to-cloud
migration”.

• The process of transitioning to a different cloud provider is called “cloud service migration”.

• A successful migration to a cloud requires the use of middleware such as a cloud integration tool.

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Migrating to the Cloud:
There are three common approaches to migrate the on-premise applications to the cloud. They are:

1. Lift and Shift

the Lift and Shift approach involves the exact replication of the in-house applications in the
cloud. There is no change made to the code or the design of applications. It involves much lesser
time, cost and complexity when compared with other methods. Storage infrastructure and
disaster recovery are common applications migrated using this approach.

2. Refactoring
Refactoring refers to changes made in the structure of the source code of the application in order
to make it more efficient. The code is modified such that it becomes more scalable and reusable
without changing the functions of the application.

3. Modernization
The modernization application approach to cloud computing redesigns the application from
ground-up. Thus, making it completely flexible for the cloud environment.
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IaaS Benefits:

1. Cost Savings – moving to cloud means lower Infrastructure costs, no maintenance overhead and no
need to worry about ensuring uptime. The pay-as-you-go model of cloud offers significant cost
savings since organisations pay only for what they use. The IaaS model demands no upfront charges,
bandwidth utilization fees or minimum term commitments.

2. Scalability and Flexibility - the most important benefit of IaaS is the ability to scale up and down
depending on the enterprise’s requirements. This on-demand scalability results in flexibility and
agility to respond to changing opportunities. This scalability also helps in quickly building and
dismantling test and development environments.

3. Faster Time to Market – time to market is the best way to beat competition. The scalability and
flexibility IaaS provider can help in getting the job done faster and get the service or product rapidly
to the market.

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IaaS Benefits:

4. Support for DR, BC and high availability

Every enterprise requires a Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity plan in place. However, the
technology behind these is often quite expensive and for organizations with more than one location
managing of this infrastructure becomes more difficult.
IaaS provides a consolidated Disaster Recovery infrastructure which ensures quick recovery with no
loss of data.

5. Focus on business growth

Moving to the cloud saves precious time that was being used to deal with maintenance issues and
helps the business focus on growth.

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IaaS Risks:

• Privacy and Security in the Cloud

One of the biggest concerns a business has while adopting IaaS is the security of confidential
enterprise data and information. The credibility of the service provider is of utmost importance, the
business must evaluate all possible alternatives before choosing one.

• Downtime and Technical Difficulties

Systems face dysfunction and issues from time to time. Besides access to cloud, it is completely
dependent on internet access, and any connectivity issues will render the whole system useless.

• Increased Vulnerability
Cloud-based solutions have a greater risk of attacks from malicious users and hackers.

• Limited Control and Flexibility

IaaS means, business has limited control over the execution of software and hardware that run on
virtual environments.
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Infrastructure as a Service – Some examples are:

• Amazon EC2
• Windows Azure
• Rackspace
• Google Compute Engine

IaaS

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Platform as a Service

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PaaS
• Overview
• IaaS vs PaaS
• PaaS Examples
• PaaS Benefits and Risks

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PaaS – Platform as a Service

• Platform as a service (PaaS) is a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud with
resources that enable you to deliver everything from simple cloud-based apps to sophisticated, cloud-enabled
enterprise applications.

• You purchase the resources you need from a cloud service provider on a pay-as-you-go basis and access them
over a secure Internet connection.

Who can benefit from PaaS?

• Software developers can take advantage of a PaaS solution to build an application which they are planning to
offer over the internet.
• Web developers can use individual PaaS environments at every stage of the process to develop, test, and host
their websites.
• Businesses can develop their own internal software, particularly to create distinct ring-fenced development and
testing environments.
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PaaS – Platform as a Service

• PaaS includes:
1. Infrastructure such as servers, storage and networking
2. Middleware (such as IIS, Tomcat, Caching Services)
3. Development tools
4. Business Intelligence (BI) services
5. Database management systems (SQL Server, Oracle,
MySQL)
6. Runtime (JRE and .NET Framework)

• PaaS is designed to support the complete web application

lifecycle:
Building, Testing, Deploying, Managing and Updating.

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IaaS vs. PaaS

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IaaS vs. PaaS

IaaS PaaS
IaaS refers to the cloud service model that provides on- Platform as a service (PaaS) is a complete development
demand infrastructure services to the customer. The and deployment environment in the cloud. It includes
infrastructure may refer to rentable resources such as infrastructure as well as middleware development tools
computation power, storage, load-balancer, and so on. and database management systems.

The IaaS provider is responsible for managing physical In PaaS model, the application and data are managed by
resources such as servers, networking, and storage. the user, whereas the physical components, middleware,
Virtualization and operating system are also managed by operating system, databases, and runtime are handled by
the provider. the provider.
Examples include: Examples include:
• Amazon EC2 • Windows Azure
• Windows Azure • Force.com
• Rackspace • NETSUITE
• Google Compute Engine • AT&T
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Platform as a Service – Some examples are:

• NetSuite
• Windows Azure
• Rackspace
• Google App Engine

PaaS

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PaaS Benefits
• Reduced Development Time
The server side components such as web servers, storage, and networking are provided by the PaaS provider.
The development team need not configure or maintain them. This saves time and results in faster
development.

• Support for Different Programming Languages

PaaS services support many different programming languages allowing the developers to develop simple web
applications to enterprise cloud solutions on the same platform.

• Easy Collaboration for Remote and Distributed Teams

In today’s world of freelancing and outsourcing, software development team may be distributed over different
locations all over the world. PaaS services make it possible for these distributed teams to collaborate and
allows them to access the same software platform from anywhere and at any time.

• High Development Capabilities without Additional Staff

PaaS providers provide, maintain, and upgrade all hardware and middleware, thus eliminating the need for
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PaaS Risks:
Although PaaS services have many benefits, they also come with some disadvantages:

• You have no control over the virtual machine that processes your data.

• PaaS solutions are less flexible than IaaS. For example, you cannot create and delete several virtual machines
at a time.

• It comes with a predefined programming model which can result in vendor lock-in issues since you have to use
only the languages offered.

• Migration to the cloud can be difficult if the existing code is not supported by the provider.

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Software as a Service

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SaaS
• Overview
• SaaS Examples
• Office 365
• Google G Suite
• Salesforce.com
• Evaluating SaaS
• Impact of SaaS
• Benefits and Risks

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Software as a Service – SaaS

• Software as a service (SaaS) allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the Internet. Common
examples are email, calendaring, and office tools such as Microsoft Office 365.

• SaaS provides a complete software solution which you purchase on a pay-as-you-go basis from a cloud service
provider.

• You rent the use of an app for your organization and your users connect to it over the Internet, usually with a
web browser. All of the underlying infrastructure, middleware, app software, and app data are located in the
service provider’s data center.

• The service provider manages the hardware and software, and with the appropriate service agreement, it will
ensure the availability and the security of the app and your data as well. SaaS allows your organization to get
quickly up-and-running with an app at minimal upfront cost.

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Traditional Software vs SaaS

SaaS products are generally prebuilt and consumed using the provided functionality without significant
customization, as in the case of Google Gmail users who simply access the web-based standard email and
calendaring application.

Traditional software requires a capital expense to purchase and operating expenses to install, update, and
maintain. Traditional software application management follows a predictable process:

1. Identify software meeting requirements.

2. Perform capital acquisition for identified software.
3. Install software to client computers.
4. Patch software in maintenance cycle.
5. Perform acquisition for software update.
6. Install software update to client computers.
7. Return to maintenance cycle until next software update.

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By contrast, SaaS application management requires far fewer steps for the consuming organization:

1. Identify cloud service providers whose software meets organizational requirements.

2. Obtain licensing for identified software service access.

After this, all maintenance, including patches and updates, are handled by the cloud SaaS provider.

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SaaS Benefits
1. Business agility is enhanced by ensuring that mobile workers have access to key business applications from
anywhere, anytime.

2. Displaced employees retain operational capability during widespread natural disasters, and organizational
data resources can simply be moved to cloud provider storage outside of the affected area in case of a disaster.

3. Organizations can take advantage of resource sharing between employees working in different time zones or
across different geopolitical zones.

4. Organizations can implement sustainable “green” initiatives such as remote travel-free employees, who do not
require leased space, dedicated equipment, and costly environmental control in expensive central office
facilities.

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SaaS Risks
1. Usage Risk
The risk an organization incurs when using the app, such as using it for some critical function or for
storing sensitive information will be considered high risk. Whereas, an app for scheduling get-together for
employees with pets, will be considered low risk.

2. Data Security Risk

While Usage Risk focuses on how your organization is using the app, Data Security Risk focuses on how
the service provider is handling your data. It is crucial to know whether it is encrypted in transit or at rest
and whether the app controls are in place to determine how the data is stored and who can view it.

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SaaS Risks

3. SaaS Provider Operational Risk

This includes issues such as the uptime SLA guaranteed by the provider, whether there is 24×7 support, the
compliance certificates obtained by the provider and the Disaster Recovery strategy of the provider.

4. SaaS Provider Application Risk

Application risk is the inherent risk of an app such as, how does the app handle authentication and
authorization, the development practices used by the provider to address configuration vulnerabilities and
session management vulnerabilities.

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Platform as a Service – Some examples are:

• Salesforce.com
• Office 365
• Zoho
• Google G Suite SaaS

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Office 365
• Microsoft Office 365 is the cloud application suite developed by Microsoft, and is considered one of the
best cloud-based services for small, medium, and large businesses.

• It works on the SaaS model, all the software is installed and maintained on the cloud.

• Office 365 is a cloud-based service that provides the best business emailing solutions and productivity tools
like Mailbox, Skype, One Drive, Online Docs, Online Word, Yammer, Online Excel, and Calendar which
helps you and your team to work from anywhere, anytime, and on any device. In short, it is the Office,
whenever and wherever you need it.

• Office 365 helps business to increase employee productivity by saving time, money, and resources.

• There are different Office 365 plans to which users can subscribe.

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Office 365

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Office 365 Services

Office 365 offers:

1. Office online is similar to MS office, except that the office online apps can be accessed only through
internet, making it easier for users in different locations to collaborate and share data.

2. Exchange online is an application for IT managers. It gives centralized control of all mailboxes of the
company to set the mail policy, security, and filter spams. It also offers data loss prevention capabilities.

3. SharePoint online is a web application to modernise the on-premise infrastructure. It allows to create
team sites or portals to share to discover and collaborate on content from inside or outside the organization.

4. Yammer is an enterprise-based social networking service that helps an organization connect and interact
privately.

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Office 365 apps

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Office Online Apps

Office online apps include:

• Mail box: You can stay connected to your emails and it also has OWA (Outlook Web Access) which is
similar to Outlook.
• Skype for Business: Skype for Business which combines instant messaging, voice, online meetings and
video conferencing, provides users with the rich and consistent experience of a consolidated system.
• Word Online: Create, edit, collaborate, and share your word documents or files from anywhere.
• Excel Online: Analyze and organize your data in Excel spreadsheets & workbooks.
• PowerPoint Online: Create powerful presentations and share with your team from anywhere, anytime.
• OneNote Online: Helps you in gathering information and multi-user collaboration. Users can make
handwritten or typed notes, drawings, screenshots, videos, and audios.
• Calendar: Helps you to Invite, set reminders and track RSVP to manage your schedule.
• OneDrive: Save your photos, videos, documents, spreadsheets, etc., and access them from anywhere.
• Docs: Share your documents (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, OneNote, Sway, and PDF). You can upload the
documents from Computer or OneDrive.
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Office 365 Features and Benefits

• Easily Accessible: Office 365 applications and services can be accessed from anywhere in the world
provided you have internet access.

• Automatic Updates: Ready-to-use software are provided by the cloud itself to its users with automatic
updates.

• Prevents Data Loss: Your Data is safe as it is backed up on the cloud.

• Great Security: Every Office 365 user gets a unique username and password to authenticate their user
account and proactive monitoring helps keep customer data safe.

• Reduces IT Expenses: It reduces your IT Infrastructure cost as well, as the cost of updating the software.
Pay as you want – You pay to subscribe the tools and services as per your requirements.

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Google G Suite
Google G Suite is the new Google App for businesses.

• Google G Suite is the cloud-based alternative to suites like Microsoft Office.

• It comes with some free apps such as Gmail but the suite itself needs subscription – monthly or annually
billed.
• The basic plan of G Suite gives 30GB storage, which is double the space available with free plan. The
business plan offers unlimited storage (in case of more than five employees) along with a better admin
control panel and the Vault for archiving emails.

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Google G Suite

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Google G Suite
Google G Suite offers:
• Business email addresses ([email protected])
• Video and voice calls
• Online calendars
• Online text documents, spreadsheets, and slides
• Project sites (a way to build simple websites or intranet)
• Security and admin controls
• 24/7 phone and email support.
• On the Unlimited plan, in addition to the above you get
• Advanced admin controls for Drive
• Audit and reporting insights for Drive content and sharing
• Google Vault for eDiscovery covering emails, chats, docs, and files
• Advanced search
• More options when it comes to file exports
• Email archives
• Set message-retention policies
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Salesforce.com
Salesforce.com is a cloud computing and social enterprise software as a service (SaaS) provider based in San
Francisco. It was founded in March 1999, in part by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff.

Salesforce.com is best known for its Salesforce Customer Relationship Management (CRM) product which is
composed of Sales Cloud, Service Cloud, Marketing Cloud, Commerce Cloud, Analytics Cloud, IoT Cloud,
App Cloud, Health Cloud, Financial Services Cloud, Force.com, and Chatter.

What is Customer Relationship Management (CRM)?

Customer relationship management (CRM) manages the business' single most important goal – satisfying the
customers. Customers are king in any business, CRM helps manage the interactions that are made with
customers from the date they start business with the company.
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Salesforce.com Services

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Salesforce.com Services
1. Cloud Services helps track customer information and interactions. It supports sales, marketing, and
customer support in both B2B and B2C contexts.

2. Marketing Cloud helps personalise email marketing, engage mobile messaging, generally manage ad
campaigns for customer acquisition and create a one-to-one customer journeys across channels.

3. Service Cloud is a service platform for customer service and support. It includes a call center-like case-
tracking feature and a social networking plug-in for conversation and analytics. It enables faster resolving
of customer problems.

4. Community Cloud helps build communities which include customers, employees, and partners for
developing deeper customer relationships. It allows customers to interact with each other, increase sales by
connecting partners, and boost employee productivity through online collaboration.

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Salesforce.com Services
5. Commerce Cloud allows businesses to manage digital commerce with integrated solutions for commerce,
point of sale, and order management.

6. Analytics Cloud is a business intelligence platform that allows organizations to instantly get important
answers and start making data-driven decisions.

7. Salesforce App Cloud is a collection of development tools that allows developers to quickly create
applications that will run on the Salesforce platform.

8. Salesforce IoT Cloud is a platform in Salesforce.com that harnesses the power of internet of things (IoT)
and turns data generated by customers, devices, partners, and sensors into meaningful action. It allows
users to process massive quantities of data, build rules with intuitive tools, and engage with customers in
real time.

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Salesforce.com Services
9. Salesforce Financial Services Cloud helps deliver experiences that drive client loyalty through
personalized tools, allows more visibility into existing household opportunities and the ability to track
referrals, allows instant access to all client data in one central location, and addresses regulatory
compliance.

9. Salesforce Health Cloud is a health IT CRM system that incorporates record management services with
the doctor–patient relationship. Health cloud creates an individual profile from each member including
demographics, communications and any other pertinent information, all in one location. It allows patients
to track progress toward health goals and care plans.

10. Chatter is an enterprise social network within the Salesforce platform. It helps drive productivity by
connecting employees wherever they are.

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Salesforce.com
Sales Force provides Sales as a Service (SaaS) that excels at sales tracking, measuring, and organising the
business and is cost effective.

Web CRM Pays For Itself More Quickly. Removing the need for a huge capital investment on IT
infrastructure and technical maintenance staff and streamlining existing IT costs with PaaS. It offers a faster
return on investment.

Web-based CRM Will Transform Business Faster. Hosted CRM implementations take weeks or months
instead of the 12-month average of client/server CRM tools.

Hosted CRM is more User Friendly. Salesforce's simple-to-use interface appeals even to non-technical users.

On-Demand CRM Provides Unlimited Scalability. Salesforce software uses a multi-tenant approach – there
is no single instance of the software, so it is faster and cheaper to implement.

Web CRM Features Painless Upgrades. Deployments of new features on the customer management systems
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Evaluating SaaS

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Evaluating SaaS – User Perspective

Unlike your relationship with a software vendor who provides you with on-premises software and then exits
till the customer needs something, the customer has a close relationship with a SaaS provider, beginning with
the subscription purchase. When entrusting the SaaS provider with sensitive business data stored at the
provider’s site, a business becomes dependent on the provider on an ongoing basis for smooth running of
systems, innovation, support, and sometimes training. Treading carefully during the selection process can
reduce risks to a great extent.

When evaluating SaaS applications the following criteria should be considered:

1. Strength of SaaS provider’s security processes and standards:

• The application and data resides at the vendor’s side; therefore, security is utmost important. The
security standards practiced by the vendor should be checked to see if they are compliant with the
organization’s security model.
• Work with the vendor on a SLA for security that satisfies the organization’s needs. Include penalties
for lack of service on agreed terms in SLA.
• Also, processes for disaster recovery, backup, and restore must be included.
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Evaluating SaaS – User Perspective

2. Provider’s ability to provide the flexibility needed to meet your needs:

• Flexibility includes ease of adding and dropping features from your subscription plan like add seats
and whether it can be done online.
• Being able to drop the subscription with cause without penalty such as in case of SaaS vendor fails to
provide the agreed level of service.
• Being able to customize the SaaS application to suit the organisation’s needs.
• How difficult is it to get your data back in case if you decide to cancel the subscription?

3. History of the provider’s regard for its SLAs:

Since we are at the mercy of the SaaS provider for the services to be delivered, it is important to ensure
the reliability of the provider by looking at the previous SLA performance records.
4. Provider’s business viability and future outlook:
Select a SaaS provider that is going to be in business for a long time. In selecting a SaaS provider, you are
looking for a business partner who will not go out of business in a year. You should look at a provider’s
experience in providing SaaS solutions, examine financial information, and predicted growth of the
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Evaluating SaaS – Vendor Perspective

From a vendor’s perspective, adopting the SaaS model for business, needs the following considerations:

• Financial concern: Unlike the traditional model which relied on upfront licensing fee for the software you
provide, the cloud model of business relies on the periodic subscription fee. The key to survival is to keep
the cash flow by retaining customers. This is a challenge since the switching fee for customers is
significantly low.

• Compliance issues: Vendors should make sure that national and global compliance requirements are taken
care of and regulations are met.

• Operational efficiency: 24/7 operability, highly effective business continuity plans, and high-caliber data
management and security protocols.

• Configuration and Customization: Profitability for the SaaS vendors comes from economies of scale that
SaaS deployment offers like multitenancy. There should be policies in place for the amount of tailoring of
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Impact of SaaS

• As businesses continue to modernise and digitise their offerings, more companies are turning toward cloud
systems to handle their software and data needs. By following the SaaS model, companies are seeing faster
innovations enabled by deeper analytics, while reducing the amount of space that is required by traditional
data centers.

• SaaS platforms are based upon user experience and functionality. With the ability to incorporate real-time
analytics, businesses can uniquely customise the site experience for each user. Modern SaaS platforms also
allow for efficient scalability.

• The adoption of SaaS and cloud-based software is a cross-industry phenomenon. Health tech, fintech, retail
tech offerings are emerging alongside enterprise applications as a service (e.g., ERP, CRM, HR,
accounting).

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Other Cloud services:

1. Data as a service (DaaS): Data is stored on cloud and made available to users on
demand regardless of their geographic location.
2. Desktop as a service provides for a virtual desktop.
3. Storage as a service (SaaS) provides data storage infrastructure.
4. Test environment as a service: We can rent a test setup to quickly test our application.
5. Security as a service (SECaaS): We can allow the cloud provider to take care of the
security.
6. API as a service is a SaaS exposed as an API (Application Programming Interface). It
allows users to access web services such as Google Maps, credit card processing and
payroll processing.

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Cloud Delivery Models Considerations

Due to economies of scale, cloud providers have the potential to offer state-of-the-art cloud ecosystems that are
resilient and secure—far more secure than the environments of consumers who manage their own systems.
This has the potential to greatly benefit many organizations.

Cloud-based information systems are exposed to threats that can have adverse effects on organizational
operations (i.e., missions, functions, image, or reputation), organizational assets, individuals, and other
organizations.

Malicious entities can exploit both known and unknown vulnerabilities to compromise the confidentiality,
integrity, or availability of the information being processed, stored, or transmitted by those systems.

There are many types of risk that organizations need to address: program management, investment, budget,
legal liability, safety, inventory, supply chain, security, and more.

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Cloud Computing Models

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Cloud Deployment Models:

• National Institution of Standards and Technology (NIST) operate under the US Department of Commerce
and has defined many of the key concepts used in cloud computing.

• NIST Special Publication 800-145 identifies four models for cloud deployments. These are:

1. Public Cloud
2. Private Cloud
3. Community Cloud
4. Hybrid Cloud

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Cloud Deployment Models:

• Private cloud – owned by a

single organization

• Public cloud – accessible to the

public

• Community cloud – shared by a

group of organizations

• Hybrid cloud – a combination of

the above three clouds

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Public Cloud

• Public clouds are external, publicly

available environments accessible to
multiple tenants.

• The cloud provider is responsible for

the creation and the on-going
maintenance of the public cloud and
its IT resources.

• Public clouds are ideal for individuals,

startups and other organizations with
financial restrictions.
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Public Cloud

• Some of the Public cloud examples include Amazon Web Services, Microsoft
Azure, IBM Cloud and Google Cloud Platform.

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The Case of Public Cloud

Consider this,

Connected Solutions is a startup venture started by four classmates who are interested in
developing IoT (Internet of Things) solutions. However, when it comes to investing in
infrastructure like storage and networking, finance is an issue. What would Connected Solutions
do?

• If you are limited in financial resources but still require a good amount of space to store your
data, using a public cloud is the best option.

• There are good public cloud pricing plans that offer good amount of storage.

• Additionally, public clouds tend to use the latest technological advancements (hardware,
software and so on), have better utilization rates, provide greater elasticity and continually test
your applications and networks.
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Private Cloud

• A Private Cloud is owned by a single

organization.

• Private cloud helps an organization in

centralizing the access of IT resources
by its various locations and
departments.

• Private clouds are ideal, especially for

organizations that have heavily
invested in infrastructure.

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The Case of Private Cloud

Consider this as an example,

You are a financial organization with a big infrastructure. You deal with sensitive information, hence,
security is of utmost importance. You want your infrastructure to be centralized, secure and to have a greater
control over it. What is your best option?

• A private cloud though expensive, comes with greater security and control.
• A private cloud is custom designed by you for your business.
• It allows for rapid scaling of business operations.
• And most importantly, when issues arise, you can prioritize and handle them, unlike a public cloud
where the delays in resolving an issue may pile up.

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Public Cloud vs Private Cloud

Private clouds combine the security of keeping resources in-house with the scalability of the cloud by
storing resources privately. Therefore, they are an ideal solution for companies with compliance
requirements who cannot host their resources on a public cloud.

However, public clouds are best when facing financial restrictions and are not dealing with sensitive
information.

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Public Cloud vs Private Cloud

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Community Cloud

• Community cloud model is shared by a group

of organizations with similar requirements
such as security, compliance and IT policies.

• The community cloud may be jointly owned

by the community members or by a third-party
cloud provider that provisions a public cloud
with limited access.

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The Case of Community Cloud

• For example, the Department of Defense and some intelligence agencies have launched data center
improvement initiatives using a community cloud. This enables them to easily share data with other
agencies in the community cloud, while still keeping it secure and controlled.

• Another industry taking advantage of community clouds is the healthcare industry, where everyone
in the community can support patients and exchange data in a controlled way.

• Uses of community cloud:

1. Allows for easy sharing and collaboration

2. Lowers costs

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Hybrid Cloud
• Hybrid cloud is a combination of
two or more models, private cloud,
public cloud or community cloud.

• For example, a cloud consumer may

choose to deploy cloud services,
processing sensitive data to a
private cloud, and other less
sensitive cloud services to a public
cloud. The result of this
combination is a hybrid deployment
model.

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The Case of Hybrid Cloud

Consider a business with dynamic work load that experiences significant hike in business
during holiday season. They require more resources to handle the peak season. However,
these resources are not required for the rest of the year. What would be the best option?

A hybrid cloud - A private cloud for off season operations and public cloud services for
the holiday season is an ideal combination for such a business.

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Other Deployment Models:

There are other variations of the basic cloud

deployment models such as:

Virtual Private Cloud: also called

‘dedicated cloud’ or ‘hosted cloud’ is a self-
contained cloud environment hosted and
managed by a public cloud provider.

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Other Deployment Models:

Inter-Cloud: comprised of two or more interconnected clouds.

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Advantages of Cloud Computing Models:

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Advantages of Cloud Computing

1. Cost Efficient – the pay-as-you-go model significantly minimizes the organization’s

costs.
2. Almost Unlimited Storage – Using cloud storage means unlimited storage capability.
No running out of storage or no need of investing in storage devices.
3. Backup and Recovery – all the data are backed up on to the cloud. Hence, backup and
recovery becomes more easier.
4. Automatic Software Integration – the changes to the software made by different
developers are tested and integrated several times in a day. This is automatically done
when using cloud.
5. Easy Access to Information – once registered, information can be accessed from any
location and from any device.
6. Quick Deployment – using cloud you can get your entire system fully functioning in
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Disadvantages of Cloud Computing:

1. Technical issues:
Though cloud enables you to access information from anywhere and on any device, the
system can sometimes malfunction and besides that you also need a strong internet
connection.

2. Security in Cloud:
You should always be careful to choose the most reliable service provider since the
company’s sensitive information is being handed over to a third party for storage.

3. Prone to Attack:
Storing information in the cloud makes it accessible to hackers.

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Cloud Computing
Case Studies

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Case Study I
WhatsApp (hosted on IBM Softlayer)

WhatsApp started as an inexpensive messaging service to link people over internet.

However, in a short period of time it became a huge success and a messaging giant.

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Case Study I
Case Scenario:

At the beginning, WhatsApp had 50 million users. This number grew to 200 million by third year of its
operation and doubled in the next year and reached more than 400 million users. The ever growing numbers
of users was a real challenge for WhatsApp. The messaging giant made top news in 2014 when Facebook
announced it would acquire WhatsApp for a whopping $19 billion.

Solution:

The Company turned to IBM Softlayer to find unique platform as a service capabilities which could connect
its app and data to the cloud and manage exponential growth in its users.

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Case Study I
WhatsApp (hosted on IBM Softlayer)

Benefits:

• Exchange of data can be done on the cloud.

• Developers do not need to spend time on database management.

• With this platform, they can extend the app’s capabilities and include a wide variety of both structured and
unstructured data.

• The application can be accessed 24/7 and can be scaled to massive volumes of networks, users and
devices.
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Case Study II
ICICI Lombard (hosted on Microsoft Azure)

ICICI Lombard lays its expansion plans by leveraging the power of public cloud with no compromise on security.

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Case Study II
ICICI Lombard (hosted on Microsoft Azure)

Case Scenario:

As ICICI Lombard was moving towards a more customer centric approach with cutting edge technology, there
was one unsolved mystery to be tackled, ‘How to handle applications with peak times that are exponentially
higher than the average?’ Provisioning and de-provisioning of servers based on these varying peak loads caused
time, cost and resource pressures on the organization.

Solution:
ICICI Lombard turned to Microsoft Azure to manage the IT infrastructure for applications like email systems and
storage. The constant technical support and the matured security measures offered by Azure, enabled the client to
move more complex applications to the cloud.
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Case Study II
ICICI Lombard (hosted on Microsoft Azure)

Benefits:

• ICICI Lombard now enjoys automated management of the platform and applications, thus reducing the cost
and time considerably.

• More than 30 UAT servers have been decommissioned after a batch of 17 applications were moved to the
cloud.

• With more non-production applications being hosted on the Azure cloud, the time-to-market has been
enhanced, and more maturity is observed in SDLC.

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Case Study III

Expedia (hosted on Amazon)

Expedia partners with Amazon Web Services (AWS) to enhance online customer experience.

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Case Study III

Expedia (hosted on Amazon)

Case Scenario:
Expedia is the largest online travel brand that includes several travel and hospitality platforms such as
Expedia.com, Hotwire.com, Hotels.com and so on. It acts as the ultimate bridge between consumers and the travel
industry in several countries. In 2010, Expedia launched the Expedia Suggest Service (ESS) that assists travellers
to enter their travel information accurately. Delivering the maximum level of responsiveness with minimal
network latency were the biggest challenges of ESS.

Solution:
The cloud expertise offered by AWS enabled Expedia to build ESS in only 3 months. The service was launched
initially in Singapore and after tasting success it was quickly replicated across regions in the United States and
Europe. The average network latency was reduced from almost 700 ms to just 50 ms by hosting the high-volume,
critical ESS on AWS cloud.

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Case Study III

Expedia (hosted on Amazon)

Benefits:

• Enhanced online customer experience through reduced errors and increased speed.

• Reduced costs by eliminating the need to run the service full-fledged across locations closer
to the customers.

• Increased availability of the service with easier troubleshooting of issues.

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Cloud Security

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Cloud Security
Cloud security has to be a part of your company’s overall security strategy. Most companies place a high
priority on the testing and monitoring of threats to their data center, buildings, people, and information.

Security concerns associated with cloud computing fall into two broad categories:

1. Security issues faced by cloud providers (organizations providing software, platform, or

infrastructure as a service via the cloud).
2. Security issues faced by their customers (companies or organizations who host applications or
store data on the cloud).

However, the responsibility is shared. The provider must ensure that their infrastructure is secure and that
their clients’ data and applications are protected, while the user must take measures to secure their
applications by using strong passwords and authentication measures.

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Cloud Security
Security issues faced by cloud providers:

1. When an organization opts to store data or host applications on the public cloud, it loses the ability to
have physical access to the servers. The data are at potential risk from insider attacks. Therefore,
cloud providers must ensure thorough background checks of all employees who have physical access
to the servers.

2. To conserve resources and cut costs, cloud providers often store more than one customer’s data on the
same server. This may result in a situation where one customer’s data becomes visible to the other.
Cloud providers should ensure data isolation and logical storage segregation to handle such sensitive
issues.

3. Cloud uses virtualization extensively which can give rise to more security concerns. Virtualization is
an additional layer that should be properly configured, managed, and secured. For example, a breach
in the administrator workstation with the management software of the virtualization software can
cause the whole data center to go down or be reconfigured to an attacker's liking.
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Cloud Security
Even when cloud operators have good security (physical, network, OS, and application infrastructure), it
is the company’s responsibility to protect and secure applications and information.

Reducing Cloud Security Breaches:

1. Authenticate all people accessing the network.

2. Frame all access permissions so that users have access only to the applications, and data that they have been
granted specific permission to access.

3. Authenticate all software running on any computer—and all changes to such software.
This includes software or services running in the cloud. Your cloud provider needs to automate and authenticate
software patches and configuration changes, as well as manage security patches in a proactive way. Why is this
so important to understand? Many cloud service provider outages typically come from configuration mistakes. If
a cloud provider does not update security, your intellectual property could be at risk.

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Cloud Security
4. Formalize the process of requesting permission to access the data or applications. This applies to your own
internal systems and the services that are required to put your data into the cloud.

5. Monitor all network activity and log all unusual activity. In most cases, you should deploy intruder-detection
technology. Although your cloud services provider may enable you to monitor activities on its environment, you
should have an independent view. This is especially important for compliance.

6. Log all user activity and program activity and analyze it for unexpected behaviour.

7. Encrypt, up to the point of use, all valuable data that needs extra protection.

8. Regularly check the network for vulnerabilities in all software exposed to the internet or any external users.

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Amazon Web Services

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Amazon Web Services

• Compute
• Storage
• Databases and Data management
• Migration and Hybrid cloud
• Networking
• Development tools and application services
• Management and Monitoring
• Security and Governance
• Big data management and Analytics
• Artificial intelligence
• Mobile development
• Messages and Notifications
• Other services
• AWS pricing models 145
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Amazon Web Services (AWS)

• Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing platform provided by
Amazon. It provides a mix of infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and
packaged software as a service (SaaS) offerings.

• AWS was launched in 2006 from the internal infrastructure that Amazon.com built to handle its online
retail operations.

• AWS was one of the first companies to introduce a pay-as-you-go cloud computing model that scales
to provide users with compute, storage or throughput as needed.

• Amazon Web Services provides services from dozens of data centers spread across availability zones
(AZs) in regions across the world. An AZ represents a location that typically contains multiple physical
data centers, while a region is a collection of AZs in geographic proximity connected by low-latency
network links.
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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

The building blocks of EC2, EBS, S3,

etc. provide IaaS functionality, in fact
AWS is the leader in this category.
From there on, rather than adopting a
discrete binary approach of IaaS vs
PaaS, AWS has done a great job of
viewing it as a continuum and has
introduced several services in the
middle:

• DBaaS – Database as a Service

• FSaaS – File System as a Service

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Amazon Web Services (AWS)

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AWS Services

Amazon Web Services is comprised of more than 100 services grouped into categories:

1. AWS Compute:

• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) provides virtual servers, called instances, for compute capacity.
• The EC2 service offers dozens of instance types with varying capacities and sizes, tailored to specific
workload types and applications, such as memory-intensive and accelerated-computing jobs.
• AWS also provides an Auto Scaling tool to dynamically scale capacity to maintain instance health and
performance.
• A developer can also use AWS Lambda for server-less functions that automatically run code for applications
and services.
• AWS Elastic Beanstalk can be used for PaaS.
• AWS also includes Amazon Lightsail which provides virtual private servers, and AWS Batch which
processes a series of jobs.

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AWS Services
2. Storage:
When it comes to storage, Amazon provides:

• S3 Storage for storing objects.

• Organizations can opt for S3 infrequent storage to save costs.

• Glacier for long term cold storage of data.

• Amazon Elastic File System offers managed cloud-based file storage.

• Amazon Elastic Block Storage for block-level storage.

• A business can also migrate data to the cloud via physical storage transport devices, such as AWS Snowball
and Snowmobile, or use AWS Storage Gateway to enable on-premises apps to access cloud data.

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AWS Services – Snow Family

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AWS Services - Snowball

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AWS Services:

3. Databases and data management:

AWS provides managed database services through its Amazon Relational Database Service, which
includes options for Oracle, SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB and a proprietary high-
performance database called Amazon Aurora. AWS offers managed NoSQL databases through Amazon
DynamoDB.

4. Migration, hybrid cloud:

AWS includes various tools and services designed to help users migrate applications, databases, servers,
and data onto its public cloud. The AWS Migration Hub provides a location to monitor and manage
migrations from on premises to the cloud. Once in the cloud, EC2 Systems Manager helps an IT team
configure on-premises servers and AWS instances.

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AWS Services:

5. Networking:

An Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) gives an administrator control over a virtual network to use
an isolated section of the AWS cloud. AWS automatically provisions new resources within a VPC for
extra protection.
Admins can balance network traffic with AWS load balancing tools, including Application Load
Balancer and Network Load Balancer.

AWS also provides a domain name system called Amazon Route 53 that routes end users to
applications.
Users can establish a dedicated connection from an on-premises data center to the AWS cloud via AWS
Direct Connect.

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AWS Services – Virtual Private Network

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AWS Services – Route53

Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

AWS Services
6. Development tools and application services:

AWS command-line tools and software development kits (SDKs) can be used to deploy and manage
applications and services. The AWS Command Line Interface is Amazon's proprietary code interface.
A developer can also use AWS Tools for Powershell to manage cloud services from Windows
environments and AWS Serverless Application Model to simulate an AWS environment to test Lambda
functions.
AWS SDKs are available for a variety of platforms and programming languages, including Java, PHP,
Python, Node.js, Ruby, C++, Android, and iOS.

Amazon API Gateway enables a development team to create, manage, and monitor custom APIs that let
applications access data or functionality from back-end services. API Gateway manages thousands of
concurrent API calls at once.
A development team can also create continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines with
services like AWS CodePipeline, AWS CodeBuild, AWS CodeDeploy and AWS CodeStar.
A developer can also store code in Git repositories with AWS CodeCommit and evaluate the
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AWS Services – Software Development Kits

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AWS Services:
7. Management and Monitoring:

An admin can manage and track cloud resource configuration via AWS Config and AWS Config Rules. Those
tools, along with AWS Trusted Advisor, can help an IT team avoid improperly configured and needlessly
expensive cloud resource deployments.

An admin can automate infrastructure provisioning via AWS CloudFormation templates, and also use AWS
OpsWorks and Chef to automate infrastructure and system configurations.

An AWS customer can monitor resource and application health with Amazon CloudWatch and the AWS
Personal Health Dashboard, and also use AWS CloudTrail to retain user activity and application programming
interface (API) calls for auditing.
Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

AWS Services – management console

Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

AWS Services
8. Security and Governance:

AWS provides a range of services for cloud security, including AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM),
which allows admins to define and manage user access to resources.

An admin can also create a user directory with Amazon Cloud Directory, or connect cloud resources to an
existing Microsoft Active Directory with the AWS Directory Service. AWS enables a business to establish and
manage policies for multiple AWS accounts.

Amazon Inspector analyzes an AWS environment for vulnerabilities that might impact security and compliance.
Amazon Macie uses machine-learning technology to protect sensitive cloud data.

AWS also includes tools and services that provide software and hardware-based encryption, protect against
DDoS attacks, provision Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security certificates and filter potentially
harmful traffic to web applications.
Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

AWS Services – Security

Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

AWS Services:

9. Big data management and analytics

AWS includes a variety of big data analytics and application services. Amazon Elastic MapReduce
offers a Hadoop framework to process large amounts of data, while Amazon Kinesis provides several
tools to process and analyze streaming data.

AWS Glue is a service that handles, extracts, transforms, and loads jobs, while the Amazon
Elasticsearch Service enables a team to perform application monitoring, log analysis, and other tasks
with the open source Elastic-search tool.

To query data, an analyst can use Amazon Athena for S3, and then visualize data with Amazon
QuickSight.

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AWS Services – bigdata portfolio

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AWS Services:

10. Artificial intelligence

AWS offers a range of AI model development and delivery platforms, as well as packaged AI-based
applications.
The Amazon AI suite of tools include:
• Amazon Lex for voice and text chatbot technology.
• Amazon Polly for text-to-speech translation.
• Amazon Recognition for image and facial analysis.
• AWS also provides technology for developers to build smart apps that rely on machine-learning
technology and complex algorithms.

On the consumer side, AWS technologies power the Alexa Voice Services, and a developer can use the
Alexa Skills Kit to build voice-based apps for Echo devices.

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AWS Services – Artificial intelligence

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AWS Services:

11. Mobile Development

The AWS Mobile Hub offers a collection of tools and services for mobile app developers, including the
AWS Mobile SDK, which provides code samples and libraries.

A mobile app developer can also use Amazon Cognito to manage user access to mobile apps.

Amazon Pinpoint to send push notifications to application-end users and then analyze the effectiveness
of those communications.

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AWS Services – Artificial intelligence

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AWS Services:

12. Messages and Notifications

AWS messaging services provide core communication for users and applications.

Amazon Simple Queue Service is a managed message queue that sends, stores, and receives messages
between components of distributed applications to ensure that the parts of an application work as
intended.

Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) enables a business to send pub-sub messages to endpoints,
such as end users or services. SNS includes a mobile messaging feature that enables push messaging to
mobile devices.
Amazon Simple Email Service provides a platform for IT professionals and marketers to send and
receive emails.

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AWS Services:

13. Other services

Amazon Web Services has a range of business productivity SaaS options.

The Amazon Chime service enables online video meetings, calls, and text-based chats across devices. A
business can also take advantage of Amazon WorkDocs, a file storage and sharing service, and Amazon
WorkMail, a business email service with calendaring features.

Desktop and streaming application services include Amazon WorkSpaces, a remote desktop-as-a-service
platform, and Amazon AppStream, a service that lets a developer stream a desktop application from
AWS to an end user's web browser.

AWS also has a variety of services that enable internet of things (IoT) deployments. The AWS IoT
service provides a back-end platform to manage IoT devices and data ingestion to other AWS storage and
database services. The AWS IoT Button provides hardware for limited IoT functionality, and AWS
Greengrass brings AWS compute capabilities to IoT devices.
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AWS pricing models
• AWS offers a pay-as-you-go model for its cloud services either on a per-hour or a per-second basis.
• There is also an option to reserve a set amount of compute capacity at a discounted price for
customers who prepay in whole, or who sign up for one or three-year usage commitments.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
Case Study I

SmugMug : Migration to Cloud using AWS

The case scenario

SmugMug is a popular photo and video-sharing service that stores billions of customer photos and
videos. As the company began to grow in volume, the team at SmugMug could not afford to invest in
data centers to support their growth. They wanted a solution that could ensure easy storage with
maximum security for their customers.

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Case Studies
SmugMug : Migration to Cloud using AWS

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Case Studies
SmugMug: Migration to Cloud using AWS

The Solution
The journey to cloud for SmugMug began with AWS solutions. Initially, they adopted the Amazon S3
solution for backup of data from their local data centers. Overwhelmed by the performance of the system,
they soon made the Amazon S3 their source of primary storage. The next step was to transfer their
computer services into the cloud by using the Amazon EC2 solution. With Amazon EC2, SmugMug
moved many of its specialized services to the cloud.

Through this very carefully crafted phased migration to the cloud, SmugMug derived the following
benefits:
• Increased cost savings
• Economies of scale
• Increased employee productivity
• Faster operations
• Ensured security of photos and videos
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Case Study II

Ramco (On-premise) to Ramco on Demand

The case scenario

Ramco Systems is a leader in providing ERP solutions to thousands of companies across the world. With
more than 150,000 users, Ramco Systems had to draw the balance between offering competent
capabilities and meeting the service level agreements. They needed to provision servers instantly to the
varying demands of their customers and also contend with the increasing costs of capital investment,
security measures, and power supply.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
Case Study II
Ramco (On-premise) to Ramco on Demand

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
Case Study II

Ramco (On-premise) to Ramco on Demand

The Solution
Ramco Systems found its ideal solution from the extensive portfolio of services offered by AWS. Its
journey to the cloud started by adopting the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud which later went on to
include other services such as storage, email, resource monitoring, etc.

Today, Ramco Systems experiences the following benefits through successful migration to the cloud:

• Provisioning of servers has been enhanced by 80%.

• Cost-effective disaster recovery.
• ERP solutions that are more comprehensive, scalable, and flexible.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
Case Study III
Sony PlayStation Network Outage 2011

Case Scenario:
Sony Corporation first introduced the PlayStation Console in December 1994 in Japan. Since then,
the product has undergone a series of upgrades and enhancement. The latest version of the
PlayStation called PS3 was a complete entertainment package and included internet browsing
capabilities, chat functions, media downloads, and gaming options. Registered users of the system
were more than 75 million, and a huge chunk had also recorded sensitive information like credit
card details for the purpose of online purchases.

The Outage:
On 19 April 2011, Sony’s PlayStation Network experienced one of the worst cases of data security
breach in the history of IT. The servers were hacked by an unauthorized group leading to the theft
of usernames, passwords, credit card details and other personal information of millions of PSN
users. The system was shut down for almost 7 days following the attack. The cause of the incident
was mainly due to the poor security mechanisms of Sony and its failure to encrypt critical data.
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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services
Case Study III
Sony PlayStation Network Outage 2011

Impact:

This unfortunate event for Sony brought down its reputation, credibility, and stock value. Sony
rebuilt its security system, faced a lawsuit that was settled after almost 4 years and paid huge
compensation to its customers who were exposed to the incident. The service was made to shut
down for almost 3 weeks, and the cost of the outage was over 170 million dollars.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

Self Assessment Question

1. Cloud computing has originated from ___________.

a) Distributed system
b) Grid computing
c) virtualization
d) Virtual machine

Answer: a

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Self Assessment Question

2. Facebook is a example of ________ services.

a) SAAS
b) IAAS
c) PAAS
d) NAAS

Answer: a

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Self Assessment Question

3. Virtualisation is the service of ________.

a) SAAS
b) PAAS
c) IAAS
d) NAAS

Answer: c

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Self Assessment Question

4. Database is the service of _________.

a) SAAS
b) PAAS
c) IAAS
d) NAAs

Answer: b

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Self Assessment Question

5. Choose all the available options provided by AWS services:

a) SAAS
b) PAAS
c) IAAS
d) All of the above

Answer: d

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Self Assessment Question

6. S3 in AWS is a service of ________.

a) Storage
b) computing
c) database
d) Management tools

Answer: a

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Self Assessment Question

7. Which of the following services is to be used to create a virtual machine?

a) Bucket
b) RDS
c) EC2
d) IAM

Answer: c

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Self Assessment Question

8. Which of the following component must be required In cloud computing?

a) Internet
b) LAN
c) Database
d) WAN

Answer: a

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Self Assessment Question

9. Which of the following features is /are offered by Private Cloud?

a) Can be accessed only by organization or by person.

b) Can be accessed by all
c) Restricted to some users
d) None of the above

Answer: a

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Self Assessment Question

10. VPC stands for ________________.

a) Virtual private connection

b) Virtual private cloud

c) Virtual private concept

d) None of the above

Answer: b

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Self Assessment Question

11. Which of the following features is/are correct for Cloud Computing?

a) Accessing the hosted services in the internet

b) Accessing the services from any location .
c) Can be accessed by any computing devices
d) All of the above

Answer: d

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Self Assessment Question

12. Which of the following features is/are correct Amazon Web Services?

a) Cloud provider

b) Cloud platform

c) Cloud storage provider

d) All of the above

Answer: d

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Self Assessment Question

13. Which of the following are / is a disadvantage of cloud computing services?

a) Security

b) Vendor lock in

c) Internet

d) All of the above

Answer: d

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Self Assessment Question

14. Salesforce.com is the largest ______ provider of CRM software.

a. PaaS
b. IaaS
c. CaaS
d. SaaS

Answer: SaaS

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Self Assessment Question

15. Point out the wrong statement:

a. Public cloud may be managed by the constituent organization(s) or by a third party.

b. A community cloud may be managed by the constituent organization(s) or by a third party.
c. Private clouds may be either on- or off-premises.
d. None of the mentioned.

Answer: Public cloud may be managed by the constituent organization(s) or by a third party

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Self Assessment Question

16. Which of the following is associated with considerable vendor lock-in?

a. PaaS
b. IaaS
c. CaaS
d. SaaS

Answer: PaaS

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Self Assessment Question

17. _________ is the feature of cloud computing that allows the service to change in size or volume in order to
meet a user’s needs.

a. Scalability
b. Virtualization
c. Security
d. Cost-savings

Answer: Scalability

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Self Assessment Question

18. ________ describes a distribution model in which applications are hosted by a service provider and made
available to users.

a. Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
b. Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
c. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
d. Cloud service

Answer: Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

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Self Assessment Question

19. _______ provides virtual machines, virtual storage, virtual infrastructure, and other hardware assets.

a. IaaS
b. SaaS
c. PaaS
d. All of the mentioned

Answer: IaaS

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Self Assessment Question

20. A ________ cloud combines multiple clouds where those clouds retain their unique identities, but are
bound together as a unit.

a. Public
b. Private
c. Community
d. Hybrid

Answer: Hybrid

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Self Assessment Question

21. Which of the following is a deployment model?

a. Public
b. Private
c. Hybrid
d. all of the mentioned

Answer: all of the mentioned

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Assignment
1. List different types of clouds with examples.
2. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing.
3. List the benefits and risks of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
4. Explain the criteria to be considered for evaluating SaaS from vendor’s perspective.
5. What are the usage and benefits of cloud computing?
6. List all the computing services of AWS.
7. What are the different deployment models of cloud?
8. A group of college freshers have a well-thought business idea. They want to start a SMB (Small Medium-sized
Business) at a budget (preferably on a pay-as-you-go basis) but with as much less overhead of maintaining the
infrastructure as possible. Which cloud deployment model would be suitable here?

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Summary

 Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of computer power, infrastructure, applications, storage and other
IT resources through a cloud services platform via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.
 Public clouds are external, publicly available environments accessible to multiple tenants.
 A private cloud is owned by a single organization.
 Community cloud model is shared by a group of organizations with similar requirements such as security,
compliance and IT policies.
 Hybrid cloud is a combination of two or more models, private cloud, public cloud or community cloud.
 Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is a form of cloud computing that provides virtualized computing resources
over the internet.
 Infrastructure as a Service is also called Hardware as a Service (HaaS).
 A cloud platform is a platform to let developers write applications that run in the cloud, or use services provided
from the cloud, or both. It is also called on-demand platform and platform as a service (PaaS).
 Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing platform provided by Amazon. It
provides a mix of infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and packaged software as a
service (SaaS) offerings.

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Document Links

Topics URL Notes

https://searchstorage.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-
Cloud Storage This link explains cloud storage using use cases.
storage

https://searchcompliance.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-
Cloud Security This link discusses cloud security.
computing-security

This link explains the basics of cloud computing

Cloud Computing https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-cloud-computing/
including its advantages.

https://cloudcomputing521.wordpress.com/2017/05/01/his This link explains the origin and evolution of cloud

History of Cloud Computing
tory-of-cloud-computing/ computing.

It contains links explaining Private, Public,

Cloud Deployment Models http://whatiscloud.com/cloud_deployment_models/index Community, Hybrid and other deployment models
for cloud.
https://aws.amazon.com/security/introduction-to-cloud-
Cloud Security The link explains cloud security.
security/

This link explains the three cloud delivery models

Cloud Delivery Models https://doublehorn.com/saas-paas-and-iaas-understanding/
namely SaaS, PaaS and IaaS.

https://statetechmagazine.com/article/2014/03/infrastructure
IaaS benefits The link explains the 5 important benefits of IaaS.
-service-5-important-benefits

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Video Links

Topics URL Notes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5q6qwp_
Cloud Storage This video explains cloud storage using use cases.
mEM
Cloud Security https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-cC-JjYos0 This video discusses cloud security.

Cloud Computing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJncFirhjPg Gives an overview about cloud computing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw1ip87CL
History of Cloud Computing Gives a brief history of cloud computing.
VU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qk5y-- Explains the four major cloud deployment models - private,
Cloud Deployment Models
YQnOw public, hybrid and community.

SaaS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqABiwIjqPU This video gives an overview about SaaS model.

SaaS benefits https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4jHIMhijNA This video explains the benefits and risks of SaaS.

Platform-as-a-Service https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=whx01vzmlns The video gives an overview of PaaS delivery model.

PaaS Benefits https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCuHYef5Tzk This video discusses the benefits of PaaS.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon web services

E-Book Links

Topics URL Page Number

Vendor roles and responsibilities http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 141-144

Cloud Computing and its need http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 1 to 5

Evolution of Data Centres http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 15-18

Cloud Deployment Models http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 21- 23

Cloud Computing and its need http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 1 to 5

Cloud Delivery Models http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 29 to 31

IaaS http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 39-41

PaaS http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 35-39

SaaS http://www.nortonaudio.com/Ficheiros/111840873X_Cloud.pdf Page 32-34

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