J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST

SYJC FEB’ 19 Duration : 1.5 Hours.

Marks : 40 Subject : Maths – II
Regression, Random Variable Set – A SOLUTION

Q.1. Solve any Three : (2 Marks each) (06)

1. Given : x = 53, y = 28, bYX = - 1.5 and bxy = - 0.2
Correlations coefficient between X and Y :
r = + b yx ⋅ b xy
= + (-1.5)(- 0.2)
= + 0.3
∴r = - 0.5477 . (Q byx and bxy are negative)

∑(x ) ∑(y ) ( ) ( y - y ) = - 262

2 2
2. Given : x = 199, y = 94, i -x = 1298, i -y = 600, ∑ xi - x i

The line of regression of Y on X :

byx =
(
∑ x-x ∑ y-y) ( )
( )
2
∑ xi - x
- 262
=
1298
= - 0.2018
(
Now, y - y = byx x - x )
∴ y – 92 = 0.2018 (x – 199)
∴y = - 0.2018x + 40.1582 + 94
∴y = - 0.2018x + 134.1582
∴y = 134.1582 – 0.2018x

3. Given : x = 10, y = 90, σx = 3, σy = 12, r = 0.8

(i) Regression equation of Y on X :
σ
byx = r⋅ y
σx
12
∴ byx = 0.8 x = 3.2
3
(
Now, y – y = byx x - x )
∴ y – 90 = 3.2 (x – 10)
∴ y = 3.2x – 32 + 90
∴ y = 3.2x + 58
∴ y = 58 + 3.2x
(ii) Regression equation of X on Y :
σ
bxy = r⋅ x
σy
3
∴ bxy = 0.8 x = 0.2
12
Now, x – x = bxy ( y-y )
∴ x – 10 = 0.2 (y – 90)
∴ x = 0.2y – 18 + 10
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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
∴ x = 0.2y – 8
∴ x = – 8 + 0.2y

4. byx + bxy = 1.30, r = 0.75

b yx + b xy 1.30
= , r = 0.75
2 2
b + b xy
∴ yx <r
2
Hence, the data is inconsistent.

5. We know that the co-ordinates of point of intersection of the two lines are x and y , the
means of X and Y.
The regression equation are
3x + 2y – 26 = 0
6x + y – 31 = 0 and
Solving these equations simultaneously, we get
6x + 4y – 52 = 0
6x + y – 31 = 0
– – +______
3y – 21 = 0
∴ 3x = 21
i.e. y=7
and x = 4
hence, the means of X and Y are x = 4 and y = 7.

Q.2. Solve any Four : (3 Marks each) (12)

4 1
1. Here, the regression lines are specified. So, bYX = and bXY =
3 3
4 1 4
∴ r2 = bYX ⋅ bXY = ⋅ =
3 3 9
2
∴r = + . (Q byx and bxy are positive)
3
You know that
σ
bYX = r⋅ Y
σX
4 2 σY
∴ = ⋅
3 3 2
∴ σY = 4
∴ σ Y = 16
2

2. Here, we need to find line of regression of Y on X, which is given as Y = a + bYX X.

cov (X, Y)
Where bYX =
σ2X
∑(x i )(
- x xi - y )
= n
σ2X
1220
= 10
130
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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
= 0.9384
and a = y – bYX x
= 142 – (0.9384) 53
= 92.2615
Therefore, regression equation of Y on X is
Y = 92.2615 + 0.9384X
Now, the estimate of blood pressure of woman with age 47 years is
Y = 92.2615 + 0.9384 x 47
= 136.3692

3. ( )( )
Given : n = 8, x = 20, y = 36, ∑ xi - x yi - y = 120, σ x = 2, σ y = 3
Cov(x, y)
byx =
σ2x

Now, Cov (x, y) =

∑(x i )(
- x y1 - y )
n
120
= = 15
8
15 15
∴ byx = =
(2)2 4
= 3.75
Line of regression of Y on X :
y – y = byx x - x ( )
∴ y – 36 = 3.75 (x – 20)
∴ y = 3.75x – 75 + 36
∴ y = 3.75x – 39

4. x = 53, y = 28, byx = – 1.5, bxy = – 0.2

Using regression equation of Y on X, we estimate Y when X = 50.
Now, y – y = byx x - x ( )
∴ y – 28 = - 1.5(x – 53)
∴ y = - 1.5x + 79.5 + 28
∴ y = - 1.5x + 107.5
Estimate of Y when X = 50 :
Put x = 50 in y = - 1.5x + 107.5
∴ y = - 1.5 x 50 + 107.5
∴ y = - 75 + 107.5
∴ y = 32.5

5. Given : byx = - 0.75, bxy = - 1.1, r = ?

Correlation coefficient :
r = + b yx ⋅ b xy
∴r = + (- 0.75) x (- 1.1)
∴ r = + 0.825
∴ r = - 0.9082 (Q byx and bxy are negative)
Q.3. Solve any One : (4 Marks each) (04)
1. Given : n = 7, ∑ xi = 105, ∑ yi = 409, ∑ xi2 = 1681, ∑ yi2 = 39350, ∑ xi yi = 8075

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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST

x=
∑x i 105
= = 15, y =
∑ yi = 409 = 58.428
n 7 n 7
Regression coefficient of Y on X :
∑ xi yi - x y
( )( )
byx = n
∑ xi2 - x 2
()
n
8075
- 15 x 58.428
= 7
1681
- (15)2
7
1153.571 - 876.42
=
240.143 - 225
277.151
= = 18.3023
15.143
Regression equation of Y on X :
(
y – y = b yx x - x )
∴ y – 58.428 = 18.3023 (x – 15)
∴ y = 18.3023x – 274.5345 + 58.428
∴ y = 18.3023x – 216.1065
∴ y = - 216.1065 + 18.3023x.

2. Given : 10x – 4y = 80, 10 y – 9x = - 40

(i) x and y :
10x – 4y = 80  (1)
- 9x + 10y = - 40  (2)
Multiplying equation (1) by 9 and equation (2) by 10 and then adding them, we get
90x – 36y = 720  (1)
- 90x + 100y = - 420  (2)
∴ 64y = 320
320
∴y = =5
64
Put y = 5 in equation (1), we get
10x – 4(5) = 80
∴ 10x = 80 + 20
100
∴x= = 10
10
Hence, x = 10 , y = 5

(ii) byx and bxy

Let regression equation of X on Y be
10x – 4y = 80
∴ 10x = 4y + 80
4
∴x= y+8
10
∴ bxy = 0.4
And another equation 10y – 9x = - 40 be the regression equation of Y on X.
∴ 10y = 9x – 40

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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
9
∴y= x-4
10
9
∴ byx = = 0.9
10
Hence, byx = 0.9 and bxy = 0.4.

(iii) Coefficient of correlation r :

r = + b yx ⋅ b xy
= + 0.9 x 0.4
= + 0.36
∴r = 0.6 (Q byx and bxy are positive)

(iv) V(X) if V(Y) = 36 ∴ σy = 6 :

σy
Now, byx = r ⋅
σx
6
∴ 0.9 = 0.6 x
σx
0.9 1
∴ =
0.6 x 6 σ x
1 1
∴ =
4 σx
∴ σx = 4
∴ V(X) = σ2X = (4)2 = 16

3. Given : 3x + 2y – 26 = 0, 6x + y – 31 = 0
(i) Means of X and Y :
3x + 2y – 26 = 0  (1)
6x + y – 31 = 0  (2)
Multiplying equation (2) by 2 and subtracting it from the equation (1), we get
3x + 2y – 26 = 0  (1)
12x + 2y – 62 = 0  (2)
– – +______
∴ – 9x + 36 = 0
∴ 9x = 36
36
∴x= =4
9
Put x = 4 in equation (1),
∴ 3(4) + 2y – 26 = 0
∴ 2y + 12 – 26 = 0
∴ 2y = 14
∴y = 7
Hence, x = 4, y = 7
(ii) Correlation coefficient between X and Y :
Let 3x + 2y - 26 = 0 be the regression equation of Y on X.
∴ 2y = -3x + 26
3
∴ y = - x + 13
2
3
∴ byx = - (Q it is coefficient of x)
2
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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
and the other equation 6x + y – 31=0 be the regression equation of X and Y.
∴ 6x = -y + 31
1 31
∴ x= - y+
6 6
1
∴ bxy = - (Q it is coefficient of y)
6
Now, r = ± b yx ⋅ b xy

 3  1 1
= ± −  x-  = ±
 2  6 4
1
= ±
2
∴ r = - 0.5 (Q byx and bxy are negative)

(iii) Estimate of Y for X = 2 :

Regression line of Y on X is,
y - y = byx (x - x )
3
∴ y - 7 = - (x - 4)
2
3
∴y=- x+6+7
2
3
∴ y = - x + 13
2
3
Put x = 2 in y = - x + 13
2
3
∴ y = - × 2 + 13
2
∴ y = - 3 + 13
∴ y = 10
2
(iv) V(Y) = 36 = σ y
∴ σy = 6, Var (X) = ?
σ
Now, byx = r. y
σy
3 1 6
∴- =- ×
2 2 σx
6
∴3=
σx
6
∴ σx = =2
3 2
∴ Var (X) = σ x = 4.

Q.4. Attempt any Two : (2 Marks each) (04)

1. Here, we define r.v. X = number of points appearing on the uppermost face of a fair die.
X can take values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
Since die is fair, each number has equal probability distribution of X is as shown in the
following table.
X=x 1 2 3 4 5 6
P[X = x] 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6
2. Define X = number of defective batteries selected by the person.
∴ Range set of X = {0, 1, 2}. The p.m.f. of X is as follows :
3
C0 × 5 C 2 10
P (X = 0) = 8
=
C2 28
3
C1 × 5 C 1 15
P (X = 1) = 8
=
C2 28
3
C2 × 5 C 0 3
P (X = 2) = 8
=
C2 28
Thus, the probability distribution of X is :
X=x 0 1 2
P[X = x] 10 15 3
28 28 28
3. 3 fair coins are tossed simultaneously.
∴ s = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}
∴ total outcomes n = 8
X = the number of heads
∴ Range set of X = {0, 1, 2, 3}
1
∴ P (x = 0) = P {TTT} =
8
3
P (x = 1) = P {HTT, THT, TTH} =
8
3
P (x = 2) = P {HHT, HTH, THH} =
8
1
∴ P (x = 3) = P {HHH} =
8
Hence, the probability distribution of X is as shown in the following table :
X=x 0 1 2 3
P(X = x) 1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8
2
kx (1 - x),0 < x <1;
4. Given : ƒ(x) =
0, otherwise
Here, ƒ(x) is a pdf of r.v. X
1
∴ ∫ kx
2
(1 - x) dx = 1
0
1 1
1
∴ ∫x dx - ∫ x 3dx =
2

0 0
k
1 1
x  x4 
3
1
∴  0 -  0 =
3 4 k
1  1  1
∴  - 0 -  - 0 =
3  4  k
1 1 1
∴ - =
3 4 k
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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
4-3 1
∴ =
12 k
∴ k = 12
Hence, k = 12

Q.5. Attempt any Four : (3 Marks each) (12)

1. Given pdf of r.v. X is
k
ƒ(x) = ,0<x<4
x
= 0, elsewhere
We know that,
∞

∫
-∞
ƒ(x) dx = 1
4
k
∴ ∫
0 x
dx = 1
4 1
∴ k∫ x - 2
dx = 1
0
4
 21 
x 
∴ k =1
1/2 
  0
 21 
 4
∴k − 0 = 1
1/2 
 
∴k×4=1
1
∴k=
4
2. Let X = No. of defective bulbs in a sample of 5 bulbs
∴p = Probability of defective bulb
5 1
= =
25 5
1 4
∴q = 1–p=1- =
5 5
Given : n = 5 (No. of bulbs in a sample)
 1
∴X~B  5, 
 5
Now, p(x) = Cxpxqn-x
n

x 5-x
 1  4
∴ p(x) = 5Cx    
5 5
(i) P [Exactly one defective bulb] i.e. P[X = 1]
1 4
 1  4
∴ p(1) = 5C1    
5 5
1 256
= 5× ×
5 625
= 0.4096
Hence, the probability that exactly one bulb is defective in a sample is 0.4096.
(ii) P[At least one bulb is defective] i.e. P[X ≥ 1]
P[X ≥ 1] = 1 - P[X < 1]
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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
= 1 – P(0)
= 1 – p(0)
0 5
5  1  4
= 1 – C0    
5 5
1024
=1–1×
3125
= 1 – 0.32768
= 0. 67232
Hence, the probability that at least one bulb is defective in a sample of 5 bulbs is
0.67232.

3. X ~ P(m = 5), e-5 = 0.0067

e -m m x
Hence, p(x) =
x!
-5 x
e 5 5x
∴ p(x) = = 0.0067×
x! x!
(i) P[X = 5] :
(5) 5
P[X = 5] = p(5) = 0.0067 ×
5!
3125
= 0.0067 ×
120
20.9375
= = 0.1745
120
∴ P[X = 5] = 0.1745
(ii) P[X ≥ 2] :
P[X ≥ 2] = 1 – [P(0) + P(1)] = 1- [p(0) + p(1)]
 50 51 
= 1- 0.0067× + 0.0067× 
 0! 1! 
= 1 – 0.0067 (1 + 5)
= 1 – 0.0067 × 6
= 1 – 0.0402 = 0.9598
∴ P[X ≥ 2] = 0.9598

4. Here, X ~ P(m)
e -m m x
∴ p(x) =
x!
(i) Mean of the distribution :
Given : P[X = 1] = P[X = 2]
∴ p(1) = p(2)
e - mm1 e - mm 2
∴ =
1! 2!
2
m
∴m=
2
m
∴1=
2
∴m=2
Hence, mean of the distribution is 2.
(ii) P(X = 0) :

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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
e - 2 2 x -2
P(x) = ,e = 0.1353
x!
2x
∴ p (x) = 0.1353 ×
x!
20
∴ P[X = 0] = p(0) = 0.1353 ×
0!
∴ P[X = 0] = 0.1353

5. Let X = No. of days it rains in a week

p = Probability that it rains
12 2
= =
30 5
2 3
∴ q=1–p=1- =
5 5
Given : n = 7 (No. of days in a week)
 2
∴X~B  7, 
 5
Hence, p(x) = nCxpxqn-x
x 7-x
2 3
∴ p(x) = 7Cx    
5 5
P [It rains on exactly 3 days of the week] i.e. P[X = 3] :
3 7-3
7 2 3
∴ P[X = 3] = p(3) = C3    
5 5
7×6×5 8 81
= × ×
3 × 2 × 1 125 625
35 × 8 × 81
=
125 × 625
22680
= = 0.290304
78125
∴ P[X = 3] = 0.290304
Hence, the probability that it rains on exactly 3 days of week is 0.290304.

6. Given, X ~ B(n, p)
∴ p(x) = nCxpxqn-x
Given : n = 5, p(1) = 0.4096, p(2) = 0.2048, p = ?
Now, p(x) = 5Cxpxqn-x
∴ p(1) = 5C1p1q4
∴ p(1) = 5pq4
and p(2) = 5C2p2q3
∴ p(2) = 10. p2q3
P(X = 1) P(1) 5pq4
Now, = =
P(X = 2) P(2) 10p2q3
0.4096 q
∴ =
0.2048 2p
q
∴2=
2p
∴ 4p = q
∴ 4p = 1 – p

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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
∴ 5p = 1
1
∴p=
5
1
Hence, the probability of success is .
5
Q.6. Attempt any One : (4 Marks each) (12)
1. Given that,
1
ƒ(x) = 2 , 1 < x > ∞
x
= 0, otherwise.
Cdf of a continuous r.v. X is given by
x
F(x) = ∫
-∞
ƒ(x) dx

Now range of X starts at 1

x
∴ F(x) = ∫
1
ƒ(x) dx
x
1
= ∫x
1
2
dx
x
 1
= - 
 x 1
1
= - - (-1)
x
1
= 1-
x
1
Hence, cdf of X, F(x) = 1 -
x
Sketch of ƒ(x) :

Sketch of F (x) :

2. Let X = No. of workers suffering from occupational disease.

p = Probability that worker suffering from the disease
25 1
= 25% = =
100 4
1 3
∴q=1–p=1- =
4 4
Given : n = 6 (No. Of workmen)

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J K SHAH CLASSES CLASS ROOM TEST
 1
∴X~B  6, 
 4
Now, p(x) = Cxpxqn-x
n

x 6-x
6  1 3
∴ p(x) = Cx    
4 4
P [Four or more workmen] i.e. P[X ≥ 4] :
∴ P[X ≥ 4] = P(4) + P(5) + P(6)
= p(4) + p(5) + p(6)
4 2 5 1 6 0
 1 3  1 3  1 3
= C4     + 6C5     + 6C6    
6

4 4 4 4 4 4

6×5 1 9 1 3 1
= × × + 6× × +1x x1
2 × 1 256 16 1024 4 4096
15 × 9 18 1
= + +
4096 4096 4096
135 + 18 + 1
=
4096
154
= = 0.0376
4096
∴ P[X ≥ 4] = 0.0376
Hence, the probability that 4 or more workmen will contact the disease is 0.0376.

3. X = No. of accidents
10 accidents take place in 50 days is given.
10
∴ average no. of accidents per day m = = 0.2
50
∴ X ~ P(m = 0.2); e-0.2 = 0.8187
e -m m x
Hence, p(x) =
x!
- 0.2 x
e (0.2) (0.2) x
∴ = 0.8187 ×
x! x!
P[X ≥ 3] = 1 - P[X = 0] + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2)]
= 1 - [p(0) + p(1) + p(2)]
 (0.2) 0 (0.2) x (0.2) 2 
= 1 - 0.8187 × + 0.8187 × + 0.8187 ×
 0! 1! 2! 
  0.04  
= 1 - 0.8187  1 + 0.2 + 
  2  
= 1 - [0.8187(1.2 + 0.02)]
= 1 - [0.8187 × 1.22]
= 1 - 0.9988
= 0.0012
Hence, the probability that there are three or more accidents per day is 0.0012.



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