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Dynamic Domain Name Service

Dynamic DNS (DDNS) allows domain names to be updated dynamically to reflect changes in IP addresses. It works by having a client monitor for IP address changes and updating DNS records automatically without manual intervention. This allows services to be accessed by domain name even when the IP address is dynamic. DDNS is useful for users with dynamic IP addresses as it provides accessibility to services without worrying about IP changes and is more practical and cost-effective than static IP addresses.

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Aisha kabir
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87 views7 pages

Dynamic Domain Name Service

Dynamic DNS (DDNS) allows domain names to be updated dynamically to reflect changes in IP addresses. It works by having a client monitor for IP address changes and updating DNS records automatically without manual intervention. This allows services to be accessed by domain name even when the IP address is dynamic. DDNS is useful for users with dynamic IP addresses as it provides accessibility to services without worrying about IP changes and is more practical and cost-effective than static IP addresses.

Uploaded by

Aisha kabir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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D

DDNS
Dynamic Domain Name Service

By Aisha Kabir Umar


Chapter 1__________________________________________________________3
Abstract_________________________________________________________3
Introduction_____________________________________________________3
Chapter 2__________________________________________________________3
What is DDNS?___________________________________________________3
Chapter 3__________________________________________________________4
How those DDNS works?___________________________________________4
 Internal Server_______________________________________________5
 NAT Router:_________________________________________________5
 Port forwarding:_____________________________________________5
Setting up a DDNS Server__________________________________________5
Chapter 4__________________________________________________________6
Why is DDNS useful ?_____________________________________________6
Advantages of DDNS______________________________________________6
Accessibility____________________________________________________6
Practicality____________________________________________________6
Economic______________________________________________________6
DYNAMIC DOMAIN NAME SERVICE
DDNS
By Aisha Kabir Umar

Chapter 1
Abstract
The Domain Name System (DNS) provides name service for the DARPA Internet. It is one of
the largest name services in operation today, serves a highly diverse community of hosts, users,
and net-works, and uses a unique combination of hierarchies, caching, and datagram access.
Introduction
Dynamic DNS (DDNS) is a method of automatically updating a name server in the Domain
Name Server (DNS), often in real time, with the active DDNS configuration of its configured
hostnames, addresses or other information.

Chapter 2
What is DDNS?
DDNS, most commonly known as Dynamic DNS, is an automatic method of refreshing a name
server. It can dynamically update DNS records without the need for human interaction. It is
extremely useful for updating A and AAAA records when the host has changed its IP address.
DDNS is an extension to DNS that allows domain names to be inserted or removed from the
DNS database dynamically. When a DHCP server assigns a new address, it can also be
configured to notify the DNS server that a new host has joined the network. (Filippi 2008)
Figure 1.0 shows a typical DDNS update, including a Master (Primary) and Slave (Secondary)
server. Only the DHCP update is shown here. First, the DHCP server sends an update to the
Primary DNS server. Then, the Master DNS server sends the update to the Slave server.
(Filippi 2008)
The term is used to describe two different concepts. The first is "dynamic DNS updating" which
refers to systems that are used to update traditional DNS records without manual editing. These
mechanisms are explained in RFC 2136, and use the TSIG mechanism to provide security. The
second kind of dynamic DNS permits lightweight and immediate updates often using an update
client, which do not use the RFC2136 standard for updating DNS records. These clients provide
a persistent addressing method for devices that change their location, configuration or IP
Addresses frequently.
Imagine this situation. You have a server in your office, and you are providing some service to
your employees. You are using a standard/consumer-grade internet from a typical ISP (Internet
service provider). You are getting a temporary IP address that could change the next type you
connect or change automatically after some time. To provide a service, you have 3 options:

1. A Static IP address that could be expensive.


2. Change manually the IP address every time when it changes.
3. Automatically update the IP addresses – Dynamic DNS or DDNS!

Chapter 3
How those DDNS works?
The DDNS works in the following way: The DDNS client monitors the IP address for
changes. When the address changes (which it will if you have a dynamic IP address), the
DDNS (or Dynamic DNS) service updates your new IP address.
Dynamic IP address is where an IP address kept an IP from a DCHP server therefore, the IP
address changes periodically.
Figure 2.0 shows how DDNS works
Figure 2.0
 Internal Server: This server runs internal services such as webcam, security services etc.
 NAT Router: This is the external server that basically protect the internal server from the
internet, it contains the Ipex (External IP) and the Portex (External port) on its port and
also it has an external client on the internet that helps to Porte access the service running
in the internal IP.
 Port forwarding: is a mechanism that allows the internal server to be available on the
internet. It effectively makes the internal server to appears on the external port.

Setting up a DDNS Server


Setting up the server usually requires a fixed IP for users and maintenance managers to easily
connect, but most users use a floating IP. A floating IP address will be changed from time to time
to make the user not have a fixed address to be connected. The solution can apply for a fixed IP.
But the cost is too expensive. Therefore, we propose to use the DDNS solution. DDNS is
dynamic DNS, and can change the URL corresponding IP. Then we use a script to update the IP,
such as algorithm 1. We put a hash value used with the DDNS server authentication hash value,
and then every time the script will check whether the IP changes. If there is a change, it will
catch a new IP address which will be uploaded to DDNS for updating a new address. Therefore,
we only need to be connected to our servers via a URL. (Lin and Jiang 2017)
In other to solve the problem of a floating IP, we use the Dynamic Domain Name System
(DDNS). The update purpose of DDNS is to check whether the IP is changed every other time. If
there is any change, the new IP will be will be updated. Therefore, the corresponding IP of
DDNS will have the correct address, without the connection problem of a floating IP (Lin and
Jiang 2017).
Let’s get back to the same example from before, you owning a server, connected to the Internet,
and want to share service from it. 
This server will be connected to the internal network, and it will communicate with the Internet
via NAT (network address translation) router. The NAT router will provide an internal IP
address to the server, probably via DHCP. To Make it available externally, we will need to
perform port forwarding and get external Port (Portex) and external IP address (IPex). Now the
service you want to share is visible with IPex and Portex, and people can use it through the
Internet. The problem comes when this IP changes. 
First, you will need to register with a Dynamic DNS provider and set up a client software on
your server. In the Dynamic DNS settings, you will give a fixed name to this server. Put the
IPex, and the NAT will automatically update it and send the data to the DNS server. And what it
does is the same as router, it basically updates the DDNS and assigned to your internal server
(Network). Therefore, whenever the machine is running, the service has to be always running
periodically and what it does is to periodically goes and checks your IP address and updates
it. Inside the NAT’s settings, put the data from your Dynamic DNS service provider (your
account and password). Now everything is ready.

Chapter 4
Why is DDNS useful?
It can be very useful for people who want to host their website, access CCTV cameras, VPN, app
or game server from their home computer. It is cheaper than to have a static public IP and by
setting up DDNS, you will avoid the need to update all of your records whenever your IP
changes manually. Also, static IP address is not always an option; it depends on your Internet
provider.
DDNS is a very flexible option. The way that Dynamic DNS gives a connected device the ability
to notify DNS servers to automatically update, alongside the active DNS configuration, IP
addresses, configured hostnames and some other information. This saves the need of
administrator who should do the changes.
Advantages of DDNS
DDNS have so many advantages, but below are the major advantages that we will be
considering here.
Accessibility – You will be able to access your website or server, easily, without being worried.
The IP will change, but this won’t stop any of your activities.
Practicality – You don’t need a network administrator who to check and reconfigure your
settings.
Economic – DDNS makes it cheaper; you won’t have IP address conflict in case you have many
addresses, and they are used at the same time.
DDNS is used with dynamic IP address is where an IP address kept an IP from a DHCP
server, therefore the IP address change periodically.

Filippi, Geoffrey G. 2008. A High-Availability Architecture for the Dynamic Domain


Name System. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/32869 (June 18,
2021).
Lin, Kun-wei, and Zheng-han Jiang. 2017. “Using a Dynamic Domain Name
System ( DDNS ) Technology to Remotely Control a Building Appliances
Network.” I: 15–18.

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