For

Examiner's
2
Use

1 Fig.1.1 shows a cycle track.

E C

V= 6 m/s

Fig.1.1

A cyclist starts at A and follows the path ABCDEB.

The speed-time graph is shown in Fig. 1.2.

C D E B

Speed -
m/s
4
3

oA
10 20 30 40 50 60 90 100
time/s

Fig.1.2
(a) Use information from Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 to describe the motion of the cyclist

)along AB,

along BCDEB.
(i)
uu***aa** *** .. *********

aana****** ********. ********°°*

41
0625/03 MJ/04
UCLES 2004
 For
3 Examiner's
Use
at C is shown in Fig. 1.1.
(b) The velocity v of the cyclist
E.
State one similarity and one difference between the velocity at C and the velocity at
****°*

similarity ***'*°**"°°****°'"**°°***°*°**** ***********°*' *********°°*'°°*'**** ' * * * ° ' * * ° * * * * * * ° * * * **

difference *****°°'***
************************°***°*"***°*°**°*****'**°°**°°*" **** .2]

(c) Calculate

the distance along the cycle track from A to B,

)

distance = . .

(i) the circumference of the circular part of the track.

Circumterence =

14

0625/03 M/J/04 [Turn over

LCLES 2004
 ********~*

For
2
Examiners3
Use
1 Fig.1.1 shows a model car moving clockwise around a horizontal ircular track.

direction of
movement

model-
circular
car
track

Fig. 1.1

()A force acts on the car to keep it moving in a cirole.

0Draw an arrow on Fig. 1.1 to show the direction ofthisforce. (1

(1) The speed of the car increases. State what happens to the magnitude of thisiforce.

*****e*ve**esee******************s********ss*sotnoee****************************************i*eo******o************* (11
(b) (The car travels too quickly and leaves the track at P. On Fig. 1.1, draw an artow to
show the direction of travel after it has left the track.
[1]
(1) In terms of the forces acting on the car, suggest why it left the track at P

****e**e*****oe**************e************************e***********************e*********************************
****eeoeos*eeoo**e°*°*°°e"o°*****°°°
**°°**e*ee**p***°**

o*********saoooe ********************a*********************e********e*********.*******o*****************************i**
[2

OUCLES 2007 0625/03/MJ/O7

.
 For
3
Examiners
Use
(The car, starting from rest, completes one lap of the track in 10s. Its motion is shown
graphically in Fig. 1.2.

30

25

speed/ 20

cm/s
15

10

6 8
time/s
10

Fig. 1.2

() Describe the motion between 3.0s and 10.0s after the car has started.

eeo**************°*°°**°°°°***o*°**obeaeee *****ea*eoa***oeee*****oo********o*****o*.

(l) Use Fig. 1.2 to calculate the circumference of the track.

circumference = . .
eesereoso******************************

(U) Calculate the increase in speed per second during the time 0 to 3.0s

increase in speed per second = . **** 2

Total: 10]

O625/03/MUO7 [Turn over

OUCLES 2007

**"| * " ' * *"

 A
A free-fall parachutist jumps out of an aeroplane, but doesn't open his parachute until after For
3
some time has elapsed. Examiners
Use

Fig.3.1 showsthe graph of his speed during the fal.

speed
A

C D

0
0 time

Fig. 3.1

(a) What is the value of the acceleration of the parachutist immediately after he has jumped
from the aeroplane?

(b) How can you tell that the acceleration decreases until point A on the graph is reached?

[1]

(c) State why the acceleration of the parachutist decreases until point A on the graph.

****.

*******
2
(d) Consider section AB of the graph.

() State what is happening to the parachutist's speed in this section.

*****e****

() What can be said about the forces on the parachutist during this section?

[1)

UCLES 2009
0625/32/MJ/09
 5

(e) At which point did the parachutist open his parachute? For
Examiner's
Use
* eo***dod* **d*****e**o ****** [11
() Explain why the speed decreases from B to C.

**°°*

*s************** ************'*****************

....
rmoonese*********************************************** a*************

Total: 9

UCLES 2009
0625/32/M/J/09 [Turn over
 2
1 A solid
plastic sphere falls towards the Earth.
For
Fig. 1.1 is the
speed-time graph of the fall up to the point where the sphere hits the Earth's
Examiner's
surface. Use

140
120
Speed
m/s
100

80

60

40-

20

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
time/s

Fig.1.1
(a) Describe in detail the motion of the
sphere shown by the graph.

************

***********°**°°°.**° ****

ao*************°*°****°°

**2p*******a*** ****************.

UCLES 2005 0625/03/M/J/05

 3

(6) On Fig. 1.2, draw arrows to show the directions of the forces acting on the sphere when For
it is atthe position shown by point S on the graph. Label your arrows with the namesof laiers
Use
the forces. (21

Fig. 1.2

(c) Explain why the sphere is moving with

constant speed at S.
**** ****'

°°*°°"*°*°**
**°***°**°°°°

***************** *********** *************** o***

**°*******
. . . .
2

the sphere falls

(d) Use the graph to calculate the approximate distance that
) between R and T,

distance=... 2]
(i) between P and Q.

distance = ...
. 2

[Turn over
0625/03/M/J/O5
UCLES 2005
 2 For
Examiners
1 A large plastic ball is dropped from Use
the top of a tall building.
Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for the falling ball until it hits the ground.

20-

l5
Speed
m/s 10-

0 5 6
time/s

Fig. 1.1

(a) From the graph estimate,

() the time during which the bal is travelling with terminal velocity,
time ***** ********** ************ ***

(ii) the time during which the ball is accelerating,

time: ******************* ********s******* (1

(ii) the distance fallen while the ball is travelling with terminal velocity,
distance 2

(iv) the height of the building.

height= **°"*"°** *a************a*"**a********* 2

0625/03/0/N/07

auCFS2007
 3
Examiner's
Use
(6) Explain, in terms of the forces actinig on the ball, why

the acceleration of the ball decreases,

******e***se***** ****************************°*

spesee*eeo*********do ****
***°*°**°****' ****°**°**"*°**°:°°**°°°**°'°****ad**** a*****e*od*

**°°*°******°°**
3

(i) the ball reaches terminal velocity.

*°***********°****

****************
2]

Total: 11]

0625/03/0/N/07 [Turn over

UCLES 2007
 4

3 Fig.3.1 shows a pond that is kept at a constant depth by a pressure-operated valve in the
base. For
Examiner's
Use

water

pressure-operated
Outlet valve

spring
Fig. 3.1

(a) The pond is kept at a depth of 2.0 m. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3.

Calculate the water pressure on the valve.

pressure =.. **** . [2]

(b) The force required to open the valve is 50N. The valve will
open when the water
reaches 2.0 m. depth

Calculate the area of the valve.

area = [21
(c) The water supply is turned off and the valve is
held open so that water drains out
through the valve.

Statethe energy changes of the water that occur the

2.0m to zero.
as
depth of the water
drops from

[2

UCLES 2005 0625/03/0/N/O5

 6

depth of 70 m below the surface of water. For

3 (a) A submarine descends to a
|Examiner's
Use
Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 x 105 Pa.
The density of the water is 1050 kg/m9.

Calculate
depth of 70m,
the increase in pressure as it descends from the surface to a
()

i n c r e a s e in p r e s s u r e = .... . 2

on the submarine at a depth of 70m.

(i) the total pressure

°*°°°***"
(1]
total pressure:

a total pressure of 6.5

x 10° Pa. A hatch
(b) On another dive, the submarine experiences
area of 2.5m.
cover on the submarine has an
Calculate the force on the outside of the cover.

force = e*******************°**********a***
21

The submarine undergoes tests in fresh water

of density 1000 kg/ms.
(c)
pressure on the submarine
is less at the same depth.
Explain why the
*°*°**°°°°*°*°

.. [1]
*o**e***********

Total: 6]

0625/31/0/N/08
uCLES 2008
 10

6 (a) A man squeezes a pin between his thumb and finger, as shown in Fig. 6.1. For
Examiners
Use

finger
pinhead
pin
thumb

Fig. 6.1

The finger exerts a force of 84 N on the pinhead.

The pinhead has an area of 6.0 x 105m2.

) Calculate the pressure exerted by the finger on the pinhead.

pressure = ..(2]

on the thumb.
(ii) State the value of the force exerted by the pin
. [1]

the man's thumb than in his finger.

(ii) Explain why the pin causes more pain in

*******°°°a*

(2

0625/31/MJ/09
. T 2009
 11

(6) The density of the water in a swimming pool is 1000 kg/m2. The pool is 3m deep.
For
Examiners
) Calculate the pressure of the water at the bottom of the pool. Use

pressure = ...
2
(i) Another pool has the same depth of water, but has twice the area.

State the pressure of the water at the bottom of this pool.

pressure =

Total:8

UCLES 2009 0625/31/MJ/09

Turn over
 2 Fig. 2.1 represents the cross-section of an oil tanker in a river.

tanker

15m river
water

Fig. 2.1
(a) The bottom of the tanker is 15m below
the surface of the water. The area of the bottom of the
tanker is 6000 m. The
density of the water is 1000 kg/ms.
i) Calculate the pressure due to the water at the
depth of 15 m.

pressure= **** ****.***********.****************

2]

(ii) Calculate the force due to the water pressure on the bottom
of the tanker.

force =.
(ii) Deduce the weight of the tanker.

weight

UCLES 2016
0625/41/0/N/16
 5

(b) The tanker sails out onto a calm sea. The density of sea-water is greater than the density of
river water.

State and explain any change in the depth of the bottom of the tanker below the surface.

* *vsrtotese** ***************************.***.***********************************"******

*********** '***°°*** ******" ****

*'"'"*****

**** ***"*"

.3]

[Total: 81

UCLES 2016 0625/41/0/N/16 [Turn over

 5

4 A manometer containing a liquid X, is used to measure the pressure of a gas suppily. Fig. 4.11
shows the manometer.

gas
supply

liquid X-

Fig. 4.1
Atmospheric pressure is 9.9 x 10 Pa.
(e) The height h is 0.36 m. The density of liquid X is 840kg/m9.

Calculate

() the pressure due to a column of liquid X of height 0.36 m,

pressure = *****"
[21
(i) the pressure of the gas supply.

pressure=
(b) The pressure of the gas supply stays constant.

Describe what happens to the liquid levels when

) the liquid X is replaced by the same volume of a liquid of greater density,

2
(i) a manometer tube with a slightly smaller of
volume of liquid X, is used.
area cross-section, containing an identical

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * s****

[2
UCLES 2016 0625/43/0/N/18 [Total: 7]
[Turn over
 4
3 A rectangular container has a base of dimensions 0.12m x 0.16m. The container is fled with a
liquid. The mass of the liquid in the container is 4.8 kg.

(a) Calculate

) the weight of liquid in the container,

weignt .. .uusnnatrna*.. ..eel']

(i) the pressure due to the liquid on the base of the container.

pressure= . . ..[2]
(b) Explainwhy the total pressure on the base of the container is greater than the value calculated
in (a)(i).

************°*** °****a*

************************************************************"********************************** .rseasansar.-.i .

(c) The depth of liquid in the container is 0.32 m.

Calculate the density of the liquid.

density **.

Total: 6

UCLES 2018 0625/41/MIU/18

3 Fig.3.1 shows an ol tank that has a rectangular base of dimensions 2.4 m by 1.6m.

oil

depth of oil
1.5m

1.5m
2.4m

Fig. 3.1

The tank is filled with oil of density 850kg/m° to a depth of 1.5 m.

(a) Calculate

() the pressure exerted by the oil on the base of the tank,

pressure ... [21

(i) the force exerted by the oil on the base of the tank.

force 21

UCLES 2016 06 0625 41 2016 1.10

 1

(b) The force calculated in (a)(i) is the weight of the oil

Calculate the mass of oil in the tank.

*******'****** **********°****************** [1

drops a brass key into the oil and it

(c) When he is checking the level of oil in the tank, a man

sinks to the bottom of the oil.

(i) State what this shows about the density of brass

***************************°***.***'°***°°****°"°*''**°'''***'''***'°***''''*'''''''*'*'*

of wood could prevent the key from sinking.

(ii) Explain how attaching the key to a piece
*°****°°°****°°*******************°******°°**** ***°e*************************************°**************

*******°°**********°°°* °*********°***********°*****°****.******°******°****************************************

*****************
****** ********°***°*****°*"*****°******°*****°°°* *°**"'***°°****°°'*****°°**"**°*****°°**

Total: 71

UCLES 2016
06 0625 41 2016 1.10 Turn over
 An archaeologist is investigating a shipwreck and discovers a wooden box on the seabed.

surface of sea

NOT TO
SCALE
15m

lid

wooden box.
0.80m
1.2m

Fig. 4.1

The dimen_ions of the lid of the box are 1.2m by 0.80 m and the pressure of the atmosphere
is 1.0 x 10° Pa. The lid is 15m below the surface of the sea.

(a) The density of sea-water is 1020kg/m.

Calculate

() the pressure on the lid of the box due to the sea-water,

pressure ...
[2

(i) the total pressure on the lid,

pressure ..
11

UCLES 2016 06 0625 42_2016-1.11

 (ii) the downward force that the total
pressure produces on the lid.

force ******'****°''*''****°***'****''**************** [21

(b) The force needed to open the lid is not

equal to the value calculated in (a) (ii).
Suggest two reasons for this.

1.

********************************************** ******** * *******

*********°*
2. ***°*

********°**°*****°°******°*°*°***** * * ' *
****'***°'**°°**°*°°°°**°°°°*°*°***'°'*°°°*'°**°° °**°*°°°*'°°°**

(2
Total: 71

UCLES 2016 06 0625 42 2016 1.11

[Turn over
 3 Fig. 3.1 shows a
mercury barometer correctly set up to measure the
atmospheric pressure in
mmHg (millimetres of mercury).

tube

mercury

dish

Fig. 3.1
(a)() State what is in the space labelled P.
****°******°*********
*******e*****
[1
(i) On Fig. 3.1, mark carefully the length which gives the
(ii) The tube
atmospheric pressure. (1
containing mercury is pushed further down into the dish.
State what happens, if anything, to the vertical distance between
the tube and the the
mercury surface in the dish. mercury surface in

(b) Another barometer [1

is set up
pressure equivalent to 15mmHg.incorrectly. The space P contains some air which
The true exerts a
atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg.
() Calculate the reading of
atmospheric pressure ven the by barometer.

reading=
mmHg [1]

UCLES 2016
0625/42/0/N/16
 3 (a) Aclosed container holds a quantity of gas.
Explain, in terms of momentum, how molecules of the gas exert a force on a wall of the
container.

[2]
(b) Fig. 3.1 shows a glass tube containing mercury.

mercury
h
air

Fig. 3.1

The mercury traps a fixed mass of air in the left-hand arm of the tube. The right-hand am of
the tube is open to the atmosphere. The difference in mercury levels in the two arms is h.

(i) The pressure of the atmosphere on the surface of the mercury in the right-hand arm of
the tube is 760 mm Hg. The distance h is 120mm.

Calculate the total pressure at level Q, in mm of

and the mercury above Q.
mercury (mm Hg), due to the atmosphere

pressure =
mmHg [1]
(ii) State the pressure exerted by the air in the left-hand arm of the tube.

pressure =
mmHg 1]

UCLES 2016 0625/41/0/N/16

 5
4 Fig. 4.1 reprosents part of the hydraulic braking system of a car.
or
Examiner's
Use
plston X piston Y

Fig. 4.1

The force F of the drlver's foot on the brake

pedal moves piston X. The space between
pistons X and Y is filled with oil which cannot be compressed. The force F, exerted by the oil
moves piston Y. This force is
applied to the brake mechanism in the wheels of the car.

The area of cross-section of piston X is 4.8cm2.

(a) The force F is 90N. Calculate the pressure exerted on the oil by piston X.

pressure = ...
****°**eo*****°*°**° **** ****
*******.12
(b) The pressure on piston Y is the same as the pressure applied by piston X.
the force F is greater than the force Explain why
F.

**
******************s*******o********************9 *t**
****so*****
******* ********** .[1]
(c) Piston Y moves a smaller distance than piston X. Explain why.

***s*o*sog*p*psppptp p*****ppop************* s*********** i********

nnuarte
12)
(d) Suggest why the braking system doos not work
properly if the oil contains bubbles of air.

2]
[Total:7

UCLES 2012
0625/31/M/J/12 [Turn over