Scrappage policy

for automotive
sector is here!
Mobility Roadmap in
Circular Economy

Click here to proceed

 1. Merits of scrappage policy – sustaining the environment
A. Reduction in pollution -less emission
B. Reduction fuel import - less extraction
Contents
C. Recycling of raw materials - less mining

2. Practices in the rest of the world

A. Multiple country scrappage policies
B. GO Green and portfolio balancing

3. End of Life vehicle recycling global framework

A. Global framework
B. Way forward for Indian auto ecosystem

4. How EY can help

A. Recyclers and OEMs
B. Companies for approaching carbon neutrality
 Section 1
Merits of scrappage policy –
sustaining the environment

3 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 With the emergence of the new decade, automotive original
equipment manufacturers (OEMs) enter an era of uncertainty
as the industry is set to face several interconnected changes.
This includes new dimensions of mobility (Connected,
Autonomous, Shared & xEV) and new forms of ownership,
combined with an increased environmental focus. Above all
this, the COVID-19 pandemic has made the industry realize
the vulnerability associated with the current value chain
Vinay Raghunath structure.
Partner, Auto Sector Leader,
EY India As car ownership continues to increase at a global scale, an
[email protected] important aspect in the strive for aggregated emission
reduction is to increase the automotive industry’s circularity,
including new processes regarding end-of-life vehicles (ELVs).
In recent years, environmental issues and sustainability have
become one of the main items of debate in the automotive
industries, where focus is on minimal use of non-renewable
resources and minimal emission from pollutants. Scrappage
policy can give a positive push to start a new and nascent
automotive ecosystem in addition to the obvious benefits of
Foreword

reduction in pollution, fuel import bill, raw materials

availability, recycle or re-use parts and impetus of
replacement demand.
The increasing use of lightweight materials and multi-material
concepts in vehicle design has created certain challenges for
which we are dependent on import policy. In many ways this
scrappage policy may act as an important catalyst for self-
sustenance.

With the introduction of this policy, the Government of India

has provided a platform for new types of job creation. The
industry will witness a need to focus on skilling. The Indian
automotive industry can thereby use the country’s exhaustive
and rich human capital and focus on right skilling.

4 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Rapid introduction of new materials and electronics, all
potentially impact a vehicle's efficacy for achieving greater
levels of sustainability. Today, we are standing on the crest of
a new business model extending the new auto ecosystem
where new players in the traditional automotive ecosystem
can be involved in an organized manner. Scrappage policy will
provide novel opportunities for new and existing players
where go-to-market will be a differentiator.
Som Kapoor
Partner, Auto Sector, This scrappage policy provides yet another opportunity for
EY India transition into a circular economy whereby the value
[email protected] embedded in ELVs’ components and materials is recaptured
through reuse, recycling and recovery. The best amongst
them was the treatment route being selected so as to
maximize the preservation of material quality. This factor will
make automotive OEMs and their suppliers rethink the ways
that vehicles and their materials are designed, constructed,
used, and handled at end of life.
Internationally, 85-95% of the vehicle is recovered with the
Foreword

vehicle designs being well suited for easy dismantling and

disposal. Europe and Japan mandated 90%-95% of vehicle
recovery from 2015. India can also can take learnings from
the other nations and choose and adopt a path toward
recycling or remanufacturing the components, that indeed
seems to be the need of the hour.
To summarize, the time is just right for the introduction of the
scrappage policy. It brings a lot of positive factors, beginning
with reduction in emissions to acting as a catalyst for vehicle
sales increase. Moreover, it will result in the expansion of the
automotive ecosystem . (Fitness center, new aspects of
supply chain, Scrapping Center’s Automation etc. ) thereby
saving on raw imported material to new business models.
Thus, the scrappage policy will certainly increase the speed of
growth of the automotive Industry.

5 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Total ELV count

Problem size

2015 8.7
Million

8.7 million obsolete

vehicles* – 2015

22
2025 Million

22 million obsolete
vehicles* – 2025

2030 28
Million

28 million obsolete
vehicles* – 2030

*Includes Two Wheeler, Three Wheeler, PV, CV

6 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Merits of scrappage
policy – sustaining the
environment is an idea
whose time is NOW

Air pollution
Air pollution is a challenge being faced globally, and like major countries, India has taken several measures to
tackle it. One of the most major and talked about steps in this direction is the implementation of Bharat Stage VI
norms, which has reduced emissions from new vehicle fleet by 60-90% (varies among vehicle segments when
compared with Bharat Stage (BS) I and BS II). As per the Central Pollution control board study, BS III trucks
produce 10 times more NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions as compared to BS VI vehicles. Similarly,
trucks meeting BS II emission norm emit 14–15 times higher PM and NOX compared BS VI trucks.

Trend in particulate matter and nitrogen oxide standards for heavy duty vehicles (India 2000 to BS VI)

PM emission standards for heavy-duty engines (trucks/buses) NOx emission standards for heavy-duty engines (trucks/buses)

16 times
9 higher than
0.4 14 times
36 times higher BS - VI
higher than
than BS - VI 8
0.35 BS - VI
7 10 times
0.3
higher than
PM in g/kWh

0.25 6 BS - VI
7 times
NOx in g/kWh

15 times
0.2 higher than 10 times 5 higher than
BS - VI higher than BS - VI
0.15 4
BS - VI 2 times
0.1 higher than 3
BS - VI
0.05 2

0
1
BS - IV (2017)

BS - VI (2020)
India 2000

BS - III (2010)
BS - II (2005)

0
2000

(2005)

(2010)

(2017)

(2020)
BS - VI
BS - IV
BS - III
India

BS - II

7 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Old vehicles
This highlights the importance of removing old vehicles, particularly old diesel vehicles, from the fleet to
substantially reduce direct exposure emission on roads. This benefit can be maximized if old heavy duty diesel
commercial vehicles are taken off from the road It is extremely difficult to quantify legacy fleet in India, as
there is no record of vehicle expiry and scrappage. In 2016, a joint study by Central Pollution Control Board
(CPCB) had estimated that about 8.7 million vehicles had reached d-enof-life (ELV) status by 2015 (including
PV, CV, 2W and 3W). By 2025 the ELoV count wuld be nearly 22 million, and by 2030 it would be 28 million
and this number is bound to grow as consumer needs and aspiration increased.

Pollution control
Pollution control, however, is not the only reason why the Indian Government needed to drive scrappage
policies. Replacement of old commercial vehicles with those having better performance will result in reduction
of oil import bill which is estimated to be INR 9.550 Cr in 2025. Today to fill its demand, India also imports
steel scrap, which is a major resource in the production of new materials. India currently suffers from a deficit
of scrap material and is thus pushed to import scrap, which is expected to accrue a bill of INR 6,550 crores till
2025.

Crude ► Replacement of Old Commercial

Vehicle having better performance
Bill Import will result in reduction of fuel bills.
► Reduction in oil imports estimated
to be INR 9.550 Cr (2025)

► Domestic steel scrap generation to replace Metals

imported scrap
Imports Bill
► Benefits accruing till 2025 INR 6,550 Cr

► Reduction in pollution specifically NOx

and particulate matter
Reduction ► Diesel truck certified to BS I standards
in Pollution emits 36 times higher PM compared
to a BS VI truck.

8 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Import
dependency
of raw material

Contribution of automobile sector to the national income (GDP)

consumption base of raw materials, and import dependency

► Copper (50-60%) Selected raw

Economic ► Lithium (100%) materials (vehicle
sector ► Cobalt (100%) propulsion wise)
► Aluminium scrap (60%)
► Steel scrap (20-25%)
► Lead (75%)
► Rare earths (100%)

► Automobile Internal combustion engine

sector (inclusive vehicles:
of electric ► Steel, copper, aluminium, zinc,
vehicles) nickel, lead, glass, rubber,
various plastics/ synthetics
Share in national
Import
►
Electric vehicles:
income (7.1%) ► Lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare
dependency
earths, various
(in percentage) plastics/synthetics, steel,
copper, aluminium

9 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Import
dependency
of raw material

Contribution of automobile sector to the national income (GDP)

consumption base of raw materials, and import dependency

Selected raw materials Import dependency

Economic sector
(vehicle propulsion wise) (in percentage)

► Automobile sector (inclusive of ► Internal combustion engine ► Copper (50-60%)

electric vehicles) vehicles:
► Lithium (100%)
► Share in national income (7.1%) ► Steel, copper, aluminium, zinc, ► Cobalt (100%)
nickel, lead, glass, rubber,
various plastics/ synthetics ► Aluminium scrap (60%)
► Steel scrap (20-25%)
► Electric vehicles:
► Lead (75%)
► Lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare
earths, various ► Rare earths (100%)
plastics/synthetics, steel,
copper, aluminium

10 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Section 2
Practices in the
rest of the world

11 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Importance of
stimulus programs

The global car fleet looks different today than it did in 2009
after witnessing rise and decline in diesel engines, a growing
market share of SUVs and new growth in the sales of electric
vehicles. Reflecting these differences in today’s stimulus
packages can accelerate progress towards transport
decarbonisation goals. Connecting incentives to fuel efficiency
standards sets a clear and ambitious policy direction that
supports the transformation of the automotive sector through
a larger uptake of hybrid and electric vehicles.

Stimulus measures can boost investment in

alternative powertrain manufacturing, charging
infrastructure and battery manufacturing as well as
in the associated workforce training. These are
essential investments for economies to support
economic recovery and to succeed in the transition
to low-carbon transport while improving long-term
local employment prospects. Alignment between
stimulus measures and long-term goals for the
transport sector (fuel economy, tailpipe
CO2 emissions and zero-emission vehicles
deployment) can ensure that these goals are actually
met.

In spite of these important evolutions in the

automotive sector, mobility patterns and the
broader economy, past stimulus programmes
can still provide useful lessons. In response
to the 2008-09 recession, numerous
countries launched purchase incentives and
vehicle scrappage schemes with varying
design features and scope:

12 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Governments are implementing stimulus
programmes to support the automotive
sector, with an eye to clean transition

Germany Spain France Italy

Program July June-December June-July 2020 Temporary additional bonus:
start and 2020-Decem 2020 August-December 2020
duration ber 2021

Type of Electric and Vehicles with Mainly electric and hybrid vehicles; Electric and hybrid vehicles,
vehicle hybrid CO2 emissions vehicles with internal combustion Euro 6 vehicles
eligible for vehicles under 120 g/km engines for certain scrappage
subsidies conditions

Scrappage No Yes (cars older than No, but scrapping a vehicle grants No, but scrapping a Euro 0-1-
requireme ten years) modest households an additional 2-3-4 vehicle grants additional
nt (yes/no) bonus of EUR 3 000 (for bonuses (below)
purchasing a vehicle with an
internal combustion engine) to
EUR 5 000 (for purchasing an
electric vehicle

Eligibility List price under Income-based conditions (covering List price under EUR 40 000
conditions EUR 40 000 for about 75% of population) for Euro 6 vehicles
electric vehicles Scrappage bonuses vary according List price under EUR 50 000
and hybrids to CO2 emissions of replaced and for vehicles emitting less than
List price under replacement vehicles 60 g/km
EUR 35 000 for
other vehicles

Eligible Electric and Vehicles with Electric and hybrid vehicles Vehicles with CO2 emissions
vehicles hybrid CO2 emissions under 110 g/km
vehicles under 120 g/km

Bonus •Battery Electric vehicle: Electric vehicle: EUR 7 000 (for Existing Eco bonus
amount electric or fuel EUR 4 000 vehicles under EUR 45 000)2 (+EUR 1 000-EUR 2 000 with
per vehicle cell vehicle: Hybrids: EUR 2 600 Hybrids: EUR 2 000 (for vehicles scrappage)
EUR 7 500-EU Other: under EUR 50 000) Emissions lower than 20 g/km:
R 9 000 EUR 400-1 000 Additional scrappage bonus for EUR 4 000
•Plug-in modest households: Emissions between 20 g/km
hybrid: EUR 3 000 for a vehicle with an and 60 g/km: EUR 1 500
EUR 5 625-EU internal combustion engine, up to Temporary additional bonus
R 6 7501 EUR 5 000 for an electric vehicle (doubles with
scrappage): Emissions lower
than 60 g/km: EUR 1 000;
Emissions between 60 g/km
and 110 g/km (Euro 6):
EUR 750

13 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Leading countries
scrappage policy
going Green
Governments around the world are looking to provide support to their automotive industries in
response to the slowdown brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Stimulus packages that support
decarbonization of the vehicle fleet through increased efficiency and electrification can aid in these
economic recovery efforts.
In this context, several governments have been considering the implementation of a new generation
of incentives and scrappage programs to boost the local automotive value chain through vehicle
sales, while increasing fuel efficiency and reducing GHG (Green House Gas) and air pollution emissions
from road transport.

Italy has approved an Spain has approved a

additional bonus for the scrappage scheme
purchase of electric involving more
vehicles, hybrids and generous bonuses for
Euro 6 vehicles, replacing one’s vehicle
coming on top of with a low-carbon option
existing bonuses for (electric and hydrogen
the purchase of low-
Germany emissions vehicles.
France vehicles) rather than a
conventional one, and
While scrapping an supplementary bonuses
existing vehicle is not for more vulnerable
mandatory, it is households and for
incentivized with an replacing older
additional bonus. vehicles.
France
earmarked EUR increased subsidies
8 billion to specifically for the purchase of
support sales of electric electric vehicles, as well
vehicles: the German as scrappage bonuses
support package for the for low- to middle-
automotive sector does income households. A Spain
not include subsidies for Italy new subsidy for the
conventional vehicles purchase of plug-in
(i.e. vehicles with hybrids has been
internal combustion introduced. Eligibility for
engines) but Incentives the scrappage bonus is
for electric and hybrid conditional on CO2
cars have been doubled. emissions of the vehicle
to be scrapped, on the
list price and on
household income.

14 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Developing country
ELV policy - China

From 1990 to 2017, the number of vehicles in China increased sharply from 5 million to
310 million, and vehicle emissions became one of the major sources of air pollution. Among
the main sources of PM2.5 in Beijing, the contributions from vehicle sources increased from
5.6% (2000) to 31.1% (2012) to 45% (2017).

In July 2009, the Ministry of Finance, together with other nine government departments,
announced the “Measures for the administration of Automobile Replacement” document.
The document highlighted that car owners could receive cash subsidy if they disposed the
yellow-label (below China 1 Emission Standard) vehicles to certified auto-products
recycling companies and bought a new vehicle.

There were 17 million vehicles with China 2 (or below) Emission Standard on-road as of
end-2018. These vehicles were more than 13 years old when the Emission Standard was
upgraded from China 2 to China 3 (on 1 July 2007).
The combined number of vehicles on-road with China 2 or below and China 3 Emission
Standards reached 60 m units as of end-2018. To stimulate more auto demand, the
government could provide cash subsidy and restrict road rights for vehicles with the China
2 or China 3 Emission Standards.

The Zhongshan municipal government in Guangdong province announced it would provide

cash subsidies for purchasing China 6 emission standard vehicles - Rmb3,000 per unit for
replacement car buyers.
While it was scheduled to end in 2020, China has extended its subsidy programme for
battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles to 2022, in order to support
the automotive sector through the COVID-19 crisis. The extension of the timeline of
subsidies has been accompanied by a downward revision of their amounts, and by the
introduction of a maximum pre-subsidy vehicle price to qualify for subsidies.

15 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Section 3
End of Life vehicle recycling
global framework

16 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 What has the world
done so far on
vehicle scrappage?

EU Japan Korea China US

ELV Directive Law for the Act for Resource End-of-Life Vehicle Resource
manag 2000/53/EC Of Recycling of Recycling of Recycling Conservation
ement The European End-of-Life Vehicles Electrical/ Regulation Recovery Act
system Parliament And Of (enforced in 2005) Electronic (enforced in 2001) Clean Air Act, etc.
The Council of 18 Equipment and
September 2000 Vehicles Automotive
on end-of life (enforced in 2008) Products Recycling
vehicles (enforced Technology Policy
in 2000) (declared in
February 2006)
Target M1, N1 All vehicles M1, N1 M1, M2, M3, N1, All vehicle
automo (including buses, N2, N3 categories
bile trucks,
etc.), with the
exception of two-
wheeled Vehicles

Recycle Until 2006: Airbag: 85 % Until 2014: Possibility of No specific goals

target Recovery: 85 % ASR: 70 % (from Material + Energy recycling: (95 % of ELVs enter
Recycle: 80 % 2015 onwards) recovery: 85 % 2010: about 85 % the recycling route,
Until 2015: 50 % (2010 to (of which energy (material recycling of which 80 % of the
Recovery: 95 % 2014) recovery rate is of 80 % or more) materials are
Recycle: 85 % 30 % (2005–2009) within 5 %) 2012: about 90 % recycled)
After 2015: (material
Material + energy recycling of 80 % or
recovery: 95 % more)
(of which energy 2017: about 95 %
recovery rate is (material
within 10 %) recycling of 85 % or
more

M1, 4-wheeled vehicles with seating capacity of nine or less, including passenger vehicles; M2, seating capacity of nine or more, vehicle
weight under 5,000 kg; M3, vehicle with seating capacity of nine or more, vehicle weight over 5,000 kg; N1, freight vehicle with
maximum load capacity under 3,500 kg; N2, maximum load capacity of 3,500 kg or more, freight vehicle weight under 12,000 kg; N3,
freight vehicle with maximum load capacity of 12,000 kg or more

17 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 ELV recycling
flow

The recycling flow of ELVs turned out to be almost identical in many

countries, regardless of the existence of a legislative management
system. The process of ELV recycling starts with dismantling. At this
point, components containing hazardous substances such as lead
batteries mechanical oils and refrigerant gases are collected first, and
then recyclables and valuable materials for secondary use, including
engines, tires and bumpers are collected.

In the case of Japan, the collection of refrigerant

gases and air bags are legally mandated. In the US,
voluntary collection of components containing
mercury, such a switches, is operated during the
dismantling stage. China, components collected at
the dismantlers are very often re-sold or recycled
as secondary products.

Car hulks left after the dismantling process are put into
shredders. The shredded materials are separated by air
classifier, and ASR (Light) is taken out. Subsequently,
irons and non-ferrous metals are separated by magnetic
separators or non-ferrous metal collectors .The
remnants of these processes are ASR (Heavy).

In the EU, ASR is in many cases landfilled at the final landfill sites. It was a
similar situation in Japan prior to the enactment of the Law for the Recycling of
End-Of-Life Vehicles. However, after the enforcement of the said Law, which
mandates the recycling of ASR, material separation of secondary resources,
collection of slags by melting furnaces, and energy recovery have become
common.

18 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 The end of life
vehicle recycling
global framework

1 End of life 2 Dismantling 3 Shredder 4 5 Recycling

Shredder
vehicles company company company

Removal of Recycle as
parts in good Press materials
condition energy

Depollution Reuse as used parts and recycle plastics and ferrous Sort into
and non-ferrous metals as well as critical raw materials three
Fluids and Airbag such as Platinum
CFC neutraliz- Recycle
collection ation and as 95% Reusable/
recycling ferrous Recoverable
Engine, and non-
Bumper Catalyst (rare
transmission ferrous
(resin) – metal) -
(steel, metals Incineration
interior parts, Catalytic
aluminium)-
tool boxes converters
Engines, Al
etc.
products
Landfill

Power Hood, trunk, Tyres (rubber)-

steering body (steel)- raw materials,
Vehicle parts, alternative fuel
general steel for cement
products factories

Window
Wheel (steel, Wiring harness
(glass)- High
aluminium)- (copper)- copper
strength,
Vehicle parts, products, engines
precise tiles,
general steel (cast, aluminium
landscape
products reinforcement)
paving

19 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Challenges for ELV management and
direction of system and technologies

ELV scrappage is set to become an ecosystem in itself, with several challenges that may appear across the value
chain which can be solved by implementing systems, technologies and policies. The first biggest challenge would
be disseminating correct and complete information about dismantling and hazardous material handling. OEMs
need to ensure that proper guidelines for these are established, educated to the stakeholders as well as the
common man.

Currently, the scrapping market in India is extremely unorganized. Hence, reliable collection of scrap vehicles and
preventing illegal dumping becomes paramount. This risk can be reduced after the advent of organized players in the
ecosystem and having a centralized management system for scrap vehicles (similar to VAHAN for vehicle sales). The
centralized system would also enable the government to have a view of the true vehicle part of each emission
standard across the country, and develop a policy/subsidy framework targeting specific high emissions generating
categories to encourage vehicle scrapping.
From the technical aspect, standardized processes for complete vehicle scraping would help bring much clarity.
Separation of metallic and non-metallic parts, ferrous and non-ferrous material along with overall thermal
management, all the while ensuring that secondary pollution is kept to a minimum, would be a challenge in terms of
standardization. The future policies around scrappage in India need to focus on these areas.

Car manufacture

II

ELV
(premature or natural)

Batteries, fluids, fuel Depollution

III

Engine, tyres, rims,… Dismantling

VI

Car hulk Light ASR Heavy ASR

IV Shredder
Air classifier
(hammer mill)

Non-ferrous metal
separator
Magnetic drum Heavy media or eddy

Non-ferrous metal
Ferrous metal fraction
fraction

20 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Challenges for ELV management and
direction of systems and technologies

In the meantime, reusing and recycling of certain vehicle parts can be looked into. The unorganized market in India
already has a working ecosystem around recycling/reusing vehicle parts. For example, the foam and fabrics from
seat cushions are recycled into soundproofing materials for vehicles, mattresses, furniture foam, etc. The copper
and aluminium from radiators can be recycled to gun metal ingots and aluminium products.

21 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Challenges for ELV management and
direction of systems and technologies

Stage Challenges Direction of systems/technologies

► Prevention of hazardous substances ► Restriction of the use of hazardous substances,
► Sufficient dismantling information and the development of alternative materials
Stage I ► Promotion in recycling components/ ► Labelling of components for identification
Designing/ materials ► Shift to materials that are highly recyclable
manufacturing of
► Consideration of environmental impact of
Automobile
increasing electronic components and reducing
vehicle weight

► Reliable collection of scrap cars ► Integration and centralization of the management

► Prevention of illegal dumping of scrap cars
Stage II ► Prevention of illegal use ► Utilization of the electronic information system
Collection of ELV ► Clarification of division roles among stakeholders
► Providing the public with information on the
automobile recycling system

► Promotion of component reuse ► Develop the market for components for reuse
► Promotion of component/material recycling ► Stricter system for collection of hazardous
► Proper treatment of hazardous substances substances and appropriate treatment
Stage III ► Maintenance of a safe working environment ► Modernization and automation of dismantling
Dismantling during dismantling ► Fulfilling related regulations and their stricter
► Maintenance of a sound dismantling enforcement
environment ► Modernization of the dismantling industry and
► Prevention of sharp rise in cost thorough registration System

Keeping treatment capacity Stabilization of the scrap market and its

Stage IV ► ►

Avoidance of geographic skewness cooperation with the system

Shredding ►

► Intensive separation of materials ► Automation of the separation labour

► Prevention of sharp increase in costs ► Development of separation techniques
Stage V
► Maintenance of separation working ► Clarification of parties responsible for the cost of
Post-shredding 1
environment handling and ensuring transparency of
information on the treatment

► Promotion of thermal recovery ► Development of the thermal recovery technology

► Prevention of secondary pollution ► Clarification of parties responsible for the cost
Stage VI handling
Post-shredding 2
► Conducting of environment monitoring

22 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 The scrappage framework
that can work in India

Vehicle Part Recycled Vehicle Part Recycled

1. Tiles, powdered and 2. Soundproofing materials

W1. Window Seat for vehicles, mattress,
recycles
(glass) (foam and fibre) furniture

3. Car parts and 4. Copper and engines

Body, trunk, general steel products (cast aluminium
Wire harness
hood and door products. reinforcement)
(copper)
(steel)

5. 6. Gun metal ingots

Bumper, interior Radiators
Bumper and aluminium
parts, toolbox etc. (copper and
(resin) products
aluminium

7. Alternative fuel 8.
Coolant, Engine, transmission, General steel and
for boilers and
engine and gear suspension and wheel (steel aluminium products
incinerators
oil (oil) and aluminium)

9. Raw material (road

Catalytic Recycle precious metal 10. material) alternative fuel
converter (rare and reuse Tyre (rubber) cement manufacture
metals)

Dismantling Shredding ASR Treatment

ASR: 17%
Retailers 1% Landfill
Dismantled vehicles (outer
body);
ELVs

55-65%

Used vehicles,
retailers, 15%
End users

repairers 20-30%
40-45% 16%

Export as
used vehicles
?
Reusables (e.g., Recyclables (e.g., Recyclables Recycling and
engines, body engines, (ferrous and non- energy recovery
parts, electric catalysts, non- ferrous metals)
parts) ferrous metals,
tires)

23 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 EY Point of View:
leverage digital future best practices for
vehicle scrappage

1 As a best practice, OEM and suppliers can evaluate affixing digital technology
on parts

2 Using power of augmented reality, fix an QR code for dismantling instruction

on parts like Dashboard, Engine, seats, HVAC system etc

24 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Stakeholder
responsibilities

Role of Automobile OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers):

1 2 3
Automobile Manufacturers should vehicle manufacturers
manufacturers, being an undertake responsibility should also shoulder
important stakeholder, to make adequate responsibilities to use an
should design vehicles provisions relating to the increased quantity of
keeping in mind the classification, packaging, recycled material in
recyclability of the labelling and colour vehicles and other
vehicle at the end of life. scheme for dangerous products.
substances.

5 6
vehicle manufacturers as OEMs and/or its dealers can facilitate the
a practice should provide collection of old vehicles/ELVs/ recyclable
dismantling information spare parts of old automobiles either through
for each type of new its take back schemes through set up of
vehicle within six months scrapping center of its own or through tie ups
of the launch and should with such facilities, thereby acting as an
assist / guide the aggregator for the collection of vehicles.
recycling centres to
expand the technological
knowhow for segregation
and recycling.

25 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Stakeholder
responsibilities

Role of ELV owners

1 2 3
The legitimate owner The owner must ensure The owner, should take
must hand over for that s/he has relevant the responsibility of
scrapping vehicles that documents/papers handing over the end-of-
do not meet the fitness suggesting s/he is the life vehicles only to
criterion for the vehicles. owner of the vehicle authorized collection
being considered as ELV. cum dismantling centres
authorized by the
authorizing agencies or
its appointed agencies.

26 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Section 4
How EY can help

27 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 How EY can help 1
recyclers and OEMs?

Innovation, alliances and Market Entry and Supply

operating model Chain management

► Process flow ► Go to market

► OEM integration ► Sourcing
► Value pools ► ASTERISK -SMART
► Network design SCM
Scrappage
Industry
player

Policy Compliance Taxes Manpower and Skill

and Incentives management

► Government of India Policy ► Organization design

► Trade body Representation ► Human Capital
► Incentives Qualifications ► Skilling avenues

28 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 How EY can help approach
2
carbon neutrality

1
Carbon ► Selection of emission factors, calorific values and other factors related to
Footprint calculation of GHG emissions (Scope 1, 2 and 3)
Calculation ► Calculation of the GHG emissions as per WBCSD WRI GHG Protocol

► Project the carbon emissions based on baseline emission profile and growth plans

2
Science ► Selection of appropriate approach to set Science Based Target to determine
Based Scope 1, 2 and 3 targets;
Targets ► Develop scenarios for GHG intensity reduction, including baseline projections and
alignment with Science Based Targets.

3
Evaluation of ► Identify all the possible options for de-carbonization
Decarbonization ► Assess and prioritize the de-carbonization approaches identified by conducting
options cost-benefit analysis and ease of implementation

► Analyze existing and potential initiatives with potential for carbon sequestration/
emission reduction

4 Evaluation of
offsetting options
►

►
Calculate carbon sequestration/ emission reduction from identified projects
Estimate total carbon offsets to achieve carbon neutrality
► Assess various options for procurement of carbon offsets

5
► Develop a strategic roadmap for GHG intensity reduction
Carbon Neutrality
► Develop a strategic roadmap for GHG offsets
Roadmap
► Development of carbon neutrality roadmap

29 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 References

ARAI Emission norms,

Central Pollution Central Pollution
Control Board (CPCB). Control Board (CPCB).
GIZ, a German Guidelines for
development agency, environmentally sound
and Chintan (NGO) Management of End-
of-life vehicles

Guidelines for
environmentally sound Economic Survey
Management of End- 2018-19, Volume II,
of-life vehicles, Chapter sustainable International
Ministry of Development & Climate Emery Agency
Environment Forests change
and Climate Change

Journal of Material
An international https://www.toyota- Cycles and Waste
comparative study of europe.com/world-of- Management ; End of
end-of-life vehicle toyota/feel/ life vehicles recovery:
(ELV) recycling environment/ Process description, its
systems better-earth/recycle impact and direction
of research

30 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Acronyms

2W Two-Wheeler

3W Three-Wheeler

4W Four-Wheeler

PV Passenger Vehicle

CV Commercial Vehicle

ASR Automobile Shredder Residue

CPCB Central Pollution Control Board

EL Electric Vehicle

ELV End of Life Vehicles

ICE Internal Combustion Engine

GoI Government of India

OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer

31 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Key contacts
Automotive

Neville M Dumasia Vinay Raghunath Som Kapoor

India Leader Partner & Leader, Partner, Future of Mobility &
Advance Manufacturing, Automotive sector Auto Retail Leader,
Mobility & Infrastructure Automotive sector

Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Automotive

Pratik Shah Pallav Chatterjee

DirectorConsulting, Director Consulting,
PI Automotive PI Automotive

Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Climate Change and Sustainability

Chaitanya Kalia Saunak Saha

Partner,
Associate Partner,
National Leader,
Climate Change and
Climate Change and
Sustainability Services
Sustainability Services

Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

32 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

 Key contacts
Key Contributors

Nitin Sethi Amit Punjani Sayma Nida

Associate DIrector, Markets & Associate Director, Markets Senior Associate,
BD, Automotive sector & BD, Automotive sector Brand, Market &
Communications
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

33 Scrappage policy for automotive sector is here!

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