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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Real Numbers - 02

1. A rational number can be expressed as a non-terminating repeating decimal if the denominator has the
factors
a. none of these
b. other than 2 or 5 only
c. 2 or 5 only
d. 2 or 3 only
2. The HCF of 135 and 225 is:
a. 5
b. 15
c. 45
d. 75
3. For any positive integer a and 3, there exist unique integers q and r such that a = 3q + r where r must
satisfy
a. 1 < r < 3
b. 0 < r 3
c. 0 r < 3
d. 0 < r < 3
4. The sum of two irrational numbers is always
a. a rational number
b. an irrational number
c. None of these
d. a rational number or an irrational number
5. The HCF of two numbers is 27 and their LCM is 162. If one of the numbers is 54, what is the other
number?
a. 9
b. 81
c. 45
d. 36
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6. What is a lemma?
a. contradictory statement
b. proven statement
c. no statement
d. None ot these
7. The largest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is
a. 1000
b. 9999
c. 9270
d. 9720
8. Which of the following numbers have the non-terminating repeating decimal expansion?
a.

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b.
c.
d.
9. is
a. a rational number
b. a natural number
c. an irrational number
d. an integer
10. n2 – 1 is divisible by 8, if n is
a. an even integer
b. a natural number
c. an integer
d. an odd integer

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): Denominator of 34.12345. When expressed in the form , q 0, is of the form ,
where m, n are non-negative integers.
Reason (R): 34.12345 is a terminating decimal fraction.
12. Assertion (A): The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then their L.C.M. = 162
Reason: If a, b are two positive integers, then H.C.F. L.C.M. = a b
13. Assertion (A): If a number x is divided by y(x, y) (both x and y are positive) then remainder will be less
than x.
Reason (R): Dividend = Divisor Quotient + Remainder.
14. Assertion (A): Expansion of (4)n cannot end with digit zero.
Reason (R): (4)n can end with digit zero if prime factors of base has both 2 and 3 as its factor.
15. Assertion (A): For any two positive integers a and b, HCF (a, b) LCM (a, b) = a b
Reason (R): The HCF of the two numbers is 8 and their product is 280. Then their LCM is 40.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:
Activity on Real Numbers In a classroom activity on real numbers, the students have to pick a number card
from a pile and frame a question on it if it is not a rational number for the rest of the class. The number cards
picked up by the first 5 students and their questions on the numbers for the rest of the class are as shown
below. Answer them.

16. Suraj picked up and his question was - Which of the following is true about ?
a. It is a natural number

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b. It is an irrational number
c. It is a rational number
d. None of these
17. Shreya picked up 'BONUS' and her question was - Which of the following is not irrational?
a. 3 - 4
b.
c. 2 + 2
d.
18. Ananya picked up and her question was - is number.
a. a natural
b. an irrational
c. a whole
d. a rational
19. Suman picked up and her question was - is ________ number.
a. a whole
b. a rational
c. an irrational
d. a natural
20. Preethi picked up and her question was - Which of the following is not irrational?
a. 15 + 3
b. - 9
c.
d. None of these

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Term 1 - Real Numbers - 02

Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (b) other than 2 or 5 only

Explanation: A rational number can be expressed as a non-terminating repeating decimal if the
denominator has the factors other than 2 or 5 only.
2. (c) 45
Explanation: We have,
135 = 3 45
= 3 3 15
= 3 3 3 5
= 33 5
Now, for 225 will be
225 = 3 75
= 3 3 5 5
= 32 52
The HCF will be 32 5 = 45
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3. (c) 0 r < 3
Explanation: Since a is a positive integer, therefore, r = 0, 1, 2 only.
So, that a = 3q, 3q + 1, 3q + 2.
4. (d) a rational number or an irrational number
Explanation: The sum of two irrational numbers can be either a rational number or an irrational
number.
e.g + = + sum is irrational
(2 + ) + ( - ) = 2 sum is rational
Hence sum can be either rational or irrational
5. (b) 81
Explanation: Let the two numbers be x and y.
It is given that:
x = 54
​HCF = 27
LCM = 162
We know,
x y = HCF LCM
54 y = 27 162
54y = 4374

6. (b) proven statement

Explanation: A lemma is a proven statement that is used to prove another statement.
7. (d) 9720
Explanation: LCM (12, 15, 18, 27) = 540
Now, largest four digit number = 9999

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9999 540 = 18 540 + 279 (Remainder = 279)

Therefore, the largest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is 9999 – 279 = 9720
8. (d)
Explanation: =
Because non-terminating repeating decimal expansion should have the denominator other than 2 or 5.
9. (a) a rational number
Explanation: can be written in the form so it is a rational number.
10. (d) an odd integer
Explanation: Let a be of the form n2– 1, n can be odd or even.
Let us consider two cases.
Case I If n is even i.e. n = 2k, where k is an integer.
a = (2k)2 -1
a = 4k2 -1
At k = 1, = 4 (1)2 -1 = 4 -1 = 3, which is not divisible by 8.
At k = 2, a = 4 (2)2 -1 = 16-1 = 15 which is not divisible by 8.
Case II If n is odd i.e. n = 2k + 1, where k is an integer.
a = (2k + 1)2 -1
= 4k2 + 1 + 4k-1
a = 4k2 + 4k = 4k(k + 1)
At k = 1, a = 4(1)(1 + 1) = 4 × 2 = 8, which is divisible by 8.
At k = 2, a = 4(2)(1 + 1) = 8 × 2 = 16 which is divisible by 8.
Hence, we can conclude from above two cases that if n is odd, then n2 -1 is divisible by 8
11. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: As 34.12345 =
Its denominator is of the form
[m = 5, n = 4 are non-negative integers]
Hence, the assertion is true.
12. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: = 192 162
13. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Remainder is less than by divisor not by divident.
14. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: (4)n can end with only 4 and 6 not at zero. Note to end a digit with zero its prime factors
must have 2 and 5 as its factors atleast once.
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15. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: HCF (a, b) LCM (a, b) = a b
8 LCM = 280
LCM = = 35
A is true but R is false.
16. (b) Here = = product of rational and irrational numbers = irrational number
17. (c) Here, = 3

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So, 2 + = 2 + 6 = 8, which is not irrational.

18. (b) Here and are both irrational and difference of two irrational numbers is also irrational.
19. (c) As is irrational, so its reciprocal is also irrational.
20. (d) We know that is irrational.
So, 15 + 3 is irrational.
Similarly, = is irrational.
And = 5 5 = 25 is irrational.

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Real Numbers - 05

1. If the HCF and LCM of two natural numbers are 12 and 144 respectively, and one of the numbers is 36,
then the other number is
a. 60
b. 72
c. 36
d. 48
2. The least positive integer divisible by 20 and 24 is
a. 480
b. 240
c. 360
d. 120
3. The largest number which divides 245 and 1029 leaving remainder 5 in each case is
a. 8
b. 12
c. 4
d. 16
4. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 9 and 90 respectively. If one number is 18, then the other
number is
a. 54
b. 36
c. 45
d. 63
5. is
a. a non-terminating repeating decimal
b. a rational number
c. a terminating decimal
d. an irrational number
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6. If the HCF of 210 and 55 is expressible in the form then y =
a. –19
b. –29
c. 19
d. 29
7. HCF of two numbers is 113, their LCM is 56952. If one number is 904, the second number is
a. 7791
b. 7911
c. 7719
d. 7119
8. The decimal expansion of will terminate after:
a. 2 decimal places
b. 3 decimal places

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c. 1 decimal place
d. None of these
9. If two numbers do not have common factor (other than 1), then they are called
a. prime numbers
b. co-prime numbers
c. composite numbers
d. twin primes
10. The smallest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is
a. 1000
b. 1080
c. 1002
d. 1001

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): 2 is a rational number.

Reason (R): The square roots of all positive integers are irrationals.
12. Assertion (A): n2 - n is divisible by 2 for every positive integer.
Reason (R): is not a rational number.
13. Assertion (A): H.C.F. of smallest prime and smallest composite is 2.
Reason (R): Smallest prime is 2 and smallest composite is 4 so their H.C.F. is 2.
14. Assertion (A): 3 is a rational number.
Reason (R): The square roots of all positive integers are irrationals.
15. Assertion (A): is an irrational number, where a is a prime number.
Reason (R): Square root of any prime number is an irrational number.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:
HCF and LCM are widely used in number systems especially in real numbers in finding relationships between
different numbers and their general forms. Also, a product of two positive integers is equal to the product of
their HCF and LCM.
Based on the above information answer the following questions.

16. If two positive integers x and y are expressible in terms of primes as x = p2q3 and y = p3q, then which of the
following is true?
a. HCF = pq2 LCM
b. LCM = pq2 HCF
c. LCM = p2q HCF

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d. HCF = p2q LCM

17. A boy with collection of marbles realizes that if he makes a group of 5 or 6 marbles, there are always two
marbles left, then which of the following is correct if the number of marbles is p?
a. p is odd
b. p is even
c. p is not prime
d. both (b) and (c)
18. Find the largest possible positive integer that will divide 398,436 and 542 leaving the remainder 7, 11, 15
respectively.
a. 3
b. 1
c. 34
d. 17
19. Find the least positive integer which on adding 1 is exactly divisible by 126 and 600.
a. 12600
b. 12599
c. 12601
d. 12500
20. If A, B and C are three rational numbers such that 85C - 340A = 109, 425 A + 85 B = 146, then the sum of A,
B and C is divisible by
a. 3
b. 6
c. 7
d. 9

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Term 1 - Real Numbers - 05

Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (d) 48
Explanation: Using the result, HCF LCM = product of two natural numbers
the other number = = 48
2. (d) 120
Explanation: Least positive integer divisible by 20 and 24 is
LCM of (20, 24).
20 = 22 5
3
24 = 2 3
LCM (20, 24) = 23 3 5 = 120
Thus 120 is divisible by 20 and 24.
3. (d) 16
Explanation: Let us subtract 5 (the remainder) from each number in order to find their HCF.
245 - 5 = 240
1029 - 5 = 1024
Now, Let us find HCF of 240 , 1024
1024 = 240 4 + 64
240 = 64 3 + 48
64 = 48 1 + 16
48 = 16 3 + 0
The largest number which divides 245 and 1029 leaving remainder 5 in each case is 16.
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4. (c) 45
Explanation: Using the result,
HCF LCM = product of two natural numbers
the other number = = 45
5. (d) an irrational number
Explanation: Let is a rational number.
= , where p and q are some integers and HCF(p, q) = 1 .... (1)

⇒ p2 is divisible by 2
⇒ p is divisible by 2 .... (2)
Let p = 2m, where m is some integer.
= p

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⇒ q2 is divisible by 2
⇒ q is divisible by 2 .... (3)
From (2) and (3), 2 is a common factor of both p and q, which contradicts (1).
Hence, our assumption is wrong.
Thus, is an irrational number.
6. (a) –19
Explanation: First, find the HCF of 210 and 55 by Euclid's Division Algorithm
210 = 55 3 + 45
55 = 45 1 + 10
45 = 10 4 + 5
10 = 5 2 + 0 (zero remainder)
therefore, HCF (210 , 55) = 5
Now,




7. (d) 7119
Explanation: LCM HCF = Product of two numbers
56952 113 = 904 second number
= second number
Therefore, second number = 7119
8. (b) 3 decimal places
Explanation: = = Here, in the denominator of the given fraction the highest power of

prime factor 5 is 3, therefore, the decimal expansion of the rational number will terminate after
3 decimal places.
9. (b) co-prime numbers
Explanation: If two numbers do not have a common factor (other than 1), then they are called co-
primer numbers. We know that two numbers are coprime if their common factor (greatest common
divisor) is 1. e.g. co-prime of 12 are 11, 13.
10. (b) 1080
Explanation: LCM (12, 15, 18, 27) = 540
Now, smallest four-digit number = 1000
1000 540 = 1 540 + 460 (Remainder = 460)
Therefore, the smallest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is 1000 + (540 - 460) =
1000 + 80 = 1080
11. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Here reason is not true. , which is not an irrational number.
12. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation
for assertion.
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Smallest prime is 2 and smallest composite is 4 so H.C.F. of 2 and 4 is 4.
14. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Here, reason is not true.

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= , which is not an irrational number.

A is true but R is false.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: As we know that square root of every prime number is an irrational number. So, both
assertion and reason are correct and reason explains assertion.
16. (b) LCM of x and y = p3q3 and HCF of x and y = p2q
Also, LCM = pq2 HCF
17. (d) Number of marbles = 5m + 2 or 6n + 2.
Thus, number of marbles, p = (multiple of 5 6) + 2
= 30 k + 2 = 2(15 k + 1)
= which is an even number but not prime
18. (d) Here, required numbers
= HCF (398 - 7, 436 - 11, 542 - 15)
= HCF (391, 425, 527) = 17
19. (b) LCM of 126 and 600 = 2 3 21 100 = 12600
The least positive integer which on adding 1 is exactly divisible by 126 and 600 = 12600 - 1 = 12599
20. (a) Here 85C - 340A = 109 and 425A + 85B = 146
On adding them, we get
85 A + 85 B + 85 C = 255 A + B + C = 3, which is divisible by 3.

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Polynomials - 02

1. If and are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c, then =

a.
b.
c.
d.
2. Given that one of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial is zero, then the product of
the other two zeroes is
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. If the product of two of the zeroes of the polynomial is 2, then the third zero of
the polynomial is
a.
b. 2
c. – 2
d.
4. A quadratic polynomial whose zeros are 5 and -3, is
a. x2 + 2x -15
b. x2 - 2x -15
c. x2 - 2x + 15
d. none of these
5. What should be added to the polynomial x2 - 5x + 4, so that 3 is the zero of the resulting polynomial?
a. 4
b. 2
c. 5
d. 1
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
6. The polynomial to be added to the polynomial x4 + 2x3 - 2x2 + x - 1 so that the resulting polynomial is
exactly divisible by x2 + 2x - 3 is
a. x2 + 1
b. 2 – x
c. x – 2
d. x + 2
7. It is given that the difference between the zeros of 4x2 - 8kx + 9 is 4 and k > 0. Then, k =?
a.
b.
c.

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d.
8. The sum and product of the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = 4x2 - 27x + 3k2 are equal, then the value of
k is
a.
b. 0
c.
d.
9. The sum and product of the zeroes of the polynomial x2 - 6x + 8 are respectively
a. and 1
b. and – 1
c. and 1
d. 6 and 8
10. The degree of a biquadratic polynomial is
a. 2
b. 4
c. 3
d. 1

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
This question paper is created by myCBSEguide Team.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): A quadratic polynomial with zeroes 2, 3 and -3 is x2 – 5x + 6.

Reason (R): If and are zeroes of a quadratic polynomial then polynomial is given by x2 - ( + )x +
12. Assertion: If are the zeroes of x3 - 2x2 + qx - r and = 0, then 2q = r.
Reason: If are the zeroes of ax3 + bx2 + cx + d, then,

13. Assertion: Zeroes of f(x) = x2 - 4x - 5 are 5, -1

Reason: The polynomial whose zeroes are , is x2 - 4x + 7.
14. Assertion (A): Number zero itself is known as zero polynomial.
Reason (R): Zero polynomial has only one zero.
15. Assertion: x2 + 4x + 5 has two zeroes.
Reason: A quadratic polynomial can have at the most two zeroes.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:
Just before the morning assembly a teacher of kindergarten school observes some clouds in the sky and so she
cancels the assembly. She also observes that the clouds has a shape of the polynomial. The mathematical
representation of a cloud is shown in the figure.

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16. Find the zeroes of the polynomial represented by the graph.

a.
b.
c.
d.
17. What will be the expression for the polynomial represented by the graph?
a. p(x) = 12x2 - 4x - 7
b. p(x) = -x2 - 12x + 3
c. p(x) = 4x2 + 12x + 7
d. p(x) = -4x2 - 12x + 7
18. What will be the value of polynomial represented by the graph, when x = 3
a. 65
b. -65
c. 68
d. -68
19. If and are the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = x2 + 2x - 8, then =
a. 262
b. 252
c. 272
d. 282
20. Find a quadratic polynomial where sum and product of its zeroes are 0, respectively.
a. k(x2 + )
b. k(x2 - )
c. k(x2 + )
d. none of these

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Term 1 - Polynomials - 02
Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (c)
Explanation: If and are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c,
Product of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c = , then
2. (d)
Explanation: Let are the zeroes of the given polynomial. Given :
To find: Since,

3. (d)
Explanation: Let be the zeroes of the given polynomial.
[Given]

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4. (b) x2 - 2x -15
Explanation:
Required polynomial is x2 - 2x - 15
5. (b) 2
Explanation: If x = is a zero of a polynomial then x - is a factor of f(x)
Since 3 is the zero of the polynomial f(x) = x2 - 5x + 4
Therefore, x - 3 is a factor of f(x)
Now, we divide f(x) = x2 - 5x + 4 by x - 3 we get

Therefore we should add 2 to the given polynomial.

6. (c) x – 2

Explanation:

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Term to be added is obtained by subtracting the remainder from the divisor Now, (x2 + 2x - 3) - (x2 + x -
1) = x - 2
Therefore, (x - 2) is the polynomial which to be added to the given polynomial.
7. (c)
Explanation: Let are the zeros of 4x2 - 8kx + 9
Then, we have

GIven,
Now,

Since k > 0, we have

8. (a)
Explanation: Let are the zeroes of the given polynomial.
Given:

-b = -c
-(-27) = 3k2
k2 = 9
k =
9. (d) 6 and 8
Explanation: Sum of the zeroes of the polynomial = = = 6
And Product of the zeroes of the polynomial = = = 8
10. (b) 4
Explanation: The biquadratic polynomial is a polynomial of the fourth degree. Biquadratic polynomial
= a(x2)2 + b(x)2 + c = ax4 + bx2 + c.
11. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: = 2 and = 3 + = 5 and = 6
So, polynomial is x2 – 5x + 6.
12. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Clearly, Reason is true. [Standard Result]
= -(-2) = 2
0 + = 2
= 2
= -(-r) = r
= r
=
= q
= q

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= q
r = 2q
Assertion is true. Since, reason gives assertion.
13. (c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
Explanation: Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
14. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Degree of zero polynomial is not defined.
15. (d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
Explanation: Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
16. (b) Since the graph of the polynomial intersect the x-axis at x = , therefore required zeroes of the
polynomial are and .
17. (d) and are the zeroes of the polynomial.
So, at x = , the value of the polynomial will be 0.
From options, required polynomial is
p(x) = -4x2 - 12x = 7
18. (b) We have, p(x) = -4x2 - 12x + 7
p(3) = -4(3)2 - 12(3) + 7 = -36 - 36 + 7 = -65
19. (c) Here f(x) = x2 + 2x - 8 and are its zeroes.
= -2 and = -8
Now,
=
= [(-2)2 - 2(-8)2 = (20)2 - 2(64)]
= [4 + 16]2 - 2(-8)2 = (20)2 - 2(64)
= 400 - 128 = 272
20. (a) We have sum of zeroes = 0 and product of zeroes =
So, required polynomial = k(x2 - 0 x + ) = k(x2 + )

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 02

1. The area of the triangle formed by the lines 2x + y = 6, 2x – y + 2 = 0 and the x – axis is
a. 12 sq. units
b. 15 sq. units
c. 10 sq. units
d. 8 sq. units
2. If and then
a.

b. x = , y = 3
c. x = -2, y = 3
d. x = 2, y = 3
3. The pair of equations x = 2 and y = -3 has
a. no solution
b. one solution
c. infinitely many solutions
d. two solutions
4. The lines represented by 3x + y – 12 = 0 and x – 3y + 6 = 0 intersects the y – axis at
a. (0, – 2) and (0, 12)
b. (0, 2) and (0, – 12)
c. (0, – 2) and (0, – 12)
d. (0, 2) and (0, 12)
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
5. The area of the triangle formed by 2x – y + 6 = 0, 4x + 5y – 16 = 0 and the x – axis is
a. 15 sq. units
b. 16 sq. units
c. 14 sq. units
d. 12 sq. units
6. The graphs of the equations 6x - 2y + 9 = 0 and 3x - y + 12 = 0 are two lines which are
a. perpendicular to each other
b. parallel
c. coincident
d. intersecting exactly at one point
7. A system of linear equations is said to be inconsistent if it has
a. one solution
b. at least one solution
c. two solutions
d. no solution
8. The value of k for which the system of equations
2x + 3y = 5 and
4x + ky = 10
has infinite number of solutions, is
a. 1

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b. 6
c. 0
d. 3
9. The pair of equations 2x + y = 5, 3x + 2y = 8 has
a. a unique solution
b. two solutions
c. infinitely many solutions
d. no solution
10. Aruna has only Re 1 and Rs 2 coins with her. If the total number of coins that she has is 50 and the
amount of money with her is Rs 75, then the number of Rs 1 and Rs 2 coins are, respectively
a. 35 and 15
b. 35 and 20
c. 15 and 35
d. 25 and 25

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): The lines 2x - 5y = 7 and 6x - 15y = 8 are parallel lines.
Reason (R): The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 have infinitely many

solutions if
12. Assertion (A): The value of k for which the system of equations 3x + ky = 0, 2x - y = 4 has a unique solution
is k .
Reason (R): The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a unique solution if

.
13. Assertion (A): Lines represented by equations x + y = 3 and 2x + 2y = 12 are parallel lines.
Reason (R): System of coincident lines and intersecting lines is known as consistent.
14. Assertion (A): System of linear equation in two variables given by: x – y = 3 and x + y = 2 has no common
solution.
Reason (R): If lines represented by two linear equations in two variables meet at a point then the system
has one common solution or unique solution.
15. Assertion (A): Pair of linear equations: 9x + 3y + 12 = 0, 8x + 6y + 24 = 0 have infinitely many solutions.
Reason (B): Pair of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 have infinitely many solutions,

if

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:

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Ticket Counter on Bus Stand then total From Bengaluru bus stand, if Renu buys 2 tickets to Malleswaram and 3
tickets to Yeswanthpur, cost is ₹46; but if she buys 3 tickets to Malleswaram and 5 tickets to Yeswanthpur, then
total cost is ₹74.

Consider the fares from Bengaluru to Malleswaram and that to Yeswanthpur as ₹ x and ₹ y respectively and
answer the following questions.

16. 1st situation can be represented algebraically as

a. 3x - 5y = 74
b. 2x + 5y = 74
c. 2x + 3y = 46
d. 2x + 3y = 46
17. 2nd situation can be represented algebraically as
a. 5x + 3y = 74
b. 5x - 3y = 74
c. 3x + 5y = 74
d. 3x - 5y = 74
18. Fare from Bengaluru to Malleswaram is
a. ₹ 6
b. ₹ 8
c. ₹ 10
d. ₹ 2
19. Fare from Bengaluru to Yeswanthpur is
a. ₹ 10
b. ₹ 12
c. ₹ 14
d. ₹ 16
20. The system of linear equations represented by both situations has
a. infinitely many solutions
b. no solution
c. unique solution
d. none of these

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Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 02

Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (d) 8 sq. units

Explanation: Here are the two solutions of each of the given equations.
2x + y = 6,
x -1 2 3

y 8 2 0

2x - y + 2 = 0
x -1 2 3

y 0 6 8

The area bounded by the given lines and axis has been shaded in the graph.
Area of shaded region = Base Height = DC GH = = 8 sq. units
2. (a)
Explanation: We have,
....(i)
.....(ii)
Now, adding (i) and (ii) we get:



Putting the value of y in (i), we get

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3. (b) one solution

Explanation: Here, a unique solution of each variable of a pair of linear equations is given, therefore,
it has one solution to a system of linear equations.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
4. (d) (0, 2) and (0, 12)
Explanation: Here are the two solutions of each of the given equations. ,
0 3 4

12 3 0

0 3 -6

2 3 0

The triangle ABC is formed by the given two lines and x-axis. Therefore, both lines intersect the y-axis
at (0, 2) and at (0, 12).
5. (c) 14 sq. units
Explanation: Here are the two solutions of each of the given equations. ,
0 -1 -2

6 1 2

4 1.5 -1

0 2 4

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The triangle ABC formed by given two linear equations is shaded in the graph.
Area of triangle ABC = Base Height = = 14 sq. units
6. (b) parallel
Explanation: We have,
6x - 2y + 9 = 0
And, 3x - y + 12 = 0
Here, a1 = 6, b1 = - 2 and c1 = 9
a2 = 3, b2 = - 1 and c2 = 12

and

Clearly,
Hence, the given system has no solution and the lines are parallel.
7. (d) no solution
Explanation: A system of linear equations is said to be inconsistent if it has no solution means two
lines are running parallel and not cutting each other at any point.
8. (b) 6
Explanation: The given system of equations are
2x + 3y = 5
4x + ky = 10
For the equations to have infinite number of solutions,
Here, we must have
Therefore

2k = 12
k =
k = 6
9. (a) a unique solution
Explanation: Given: 2x + y - 5 = 0 and 3x + 2y - 8 = 0
We know that the general form for a pair of linear equations in 2 variables x and y is a1x + b1y + c1 = 0

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and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0.

Comparing with above equations,
we have a1 = 2, b1 = 1, c1 = - 5; a2 = 3, b2 = 2, c2 = - 8

Since
The lines are intersecting.
The pair of equations has a unique solution.
10. (d) 25 and 25
Explanation: Let number of Rs 1 coins = x
and number of Rs 2 coins = y
Now, by given conditions:
Total number of coins = x + y = 50 …(i)
Also, Amount of money with her = (Number of Rs 1 1) + (Number of Rs 2 coin 2)
= x(1) + y(2) = 75
= x + 2y = 75 …(ii)
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get
(x + 2y) - (x + y) = (75 - 50)
So, y = 25
Putting y = 25 we get x = 25.
Hence he has 25 one-rupee coins and 25 2-rupee coins.
11. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Two lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are parallel if
So, both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
12. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: We know that the system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a

unique solution if .
So, Reason is correct
For Assertion, we have, a1 = 3, b1 = k, a2 = 2 and b2 = -1

Now, and = -1

Hence Assertion is also correct based of Reason given.

13. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: x – y = k and x + y = 3 has unique solution as, .
14. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Condition for no solution is
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: From the given equations, we have

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i.e,
So, both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
16. (d) 1st situation can be represented algebraically as
2x + 3y = 46
17. (c) 2nd situation can be represented algebraically as 3x + 5y = 74
18. (b) We have, 2x + 3y = 46 ..(i)
3x + 5y = 74 ...(ii)
Multiplying (i) by 5 and (ii) by 3 and then subtracting, we get
10x - 9x = 230 - 222 x = 8
Fare from Bengaluru to Malleswaram is ₹ 8.
19. (a) Putting the value of x in equation (i), we get
3y = 46 - 2 8 = 30 y = 10
Fare from Bengaluru to Yeswanthpur is 10.
20. (c) We have, a1 = 2, b1 = 3, c1 = -46 and a2 = 3, b2 = 5, c2 = -74

= , ,
Thus system of linear equations has unique solution.

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 03

1. If 4x + 6y = 3xy and 8x + 9y = 5xy then

a. x = 3, y = 4
b. x = 2, y = 3
c. x = 1, y = 2
d. x = 1, y = -1
2. Every linear equation in two variables has
a. two solutions
b. no solution
c. an infinite number of solutions
d. one solution
3. A system of two linear equations in two variables is dependent consistent, if their graphs
a. do not intersect at any point
b. cut the x-axis
c. intersect only at a point
d. coincide with each other
4. The system of linear equations a1x + b1y1 + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has no solution if

a.

b.

c.
d. None of these
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
5. A system of two linear equations in two variables has infinitely many solutions, if their graphs
a. cut the x-axis
b. intersect only at a point
c. coincide with each other
d. do not intersect at any point
6. A system of two linear equations in two variables has a unique solution if their graphs
a. do not intersect at any point
b. coincide
c. cut the x-axis
d. intersect only at a point
7. The sum of two numbers is 8. If their sum is four times their difference, then the numbers are
a. None of these
b. 7 and 1
c. 6 and 2
d. 5 and 3
8. The system of equations 6x + 3y = 6xy and 2x + 4y = 5xy has
a. two solution
b. one unique solution
c. many solutions

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d. no solution
9. If the system of equations
2x + 3y = 5,
4x + ky = 10
has infinitely many solutions, then k =
a. 3
b. 1
c. 6
d.
10. The area of the triangle formed by x + 3y = 6, 2x – 3y = 12 and the y-axis is
a. 15 sq. units
b. 18 sq. units
c. 16 sq. units
d. 12 sq. units

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): The graphic representation of the equations x + 2y = 3 and 2x + 4y + 7 = 0 gives a pair of
coincident lines.
Reason (R): The graph of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 gives a pair of coincident

lines if .
12. Assertion (A): A pair of linear equations has no solution (s) if it is represented by intersecting lines
graphically.
Reason (R): If the pair of lines are intersecting, then the pair has a unique solution and is called consistent
pair of equations.
13. Assertion (A): Line represented by 2x + 2y = 0 and x + y = 0 do have non-zero solutions.
Reason (R): Two lines represented by ax + by = 0 and px + qy = 0 always has non-zero solutions.
14. Assertion (A): If the pair of lines are coincident, then we say that pair of lines is consistent and it has a
unique solution.
Reason (R): If the pair of lines are parallel, then the pair has no solution and is called inconsistent pair of
equations.
15. Assertion (A): Every line represented by linear equation in two variables of type ax + by + c = 0 (a 0, b
0, c 0) always meet both the axes (x-axis and y-axis) exactly at one point.
Reason (R): Line represented by equation ax + by + c = 0 cuts x-axis at and y-axis at as equation of
x-axis is y = 0 and equation y-axis is x = 0.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:

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A part of monthly hostel charges in a college is fixed and the remaining depends on the number of days one has
taken food in the mess. When a student Rekha takes food for 25 days, she has to pay ₹ 4500 as hostel charges,
whereas another student Renu who takes food for 30 days, has to pay ₹ 5200 as hostel charges.

Considering the fixed charges per month by ₹ x and the cost of food per day by ₹ y, then answer the following
questions.

16. Represent algebraically the situation faced by both Anu and Bindu.
a. x + 25y = 4500, x + 30y = 5200
b. 25x + y = 4500, 30x + y = 5200
c. x - 25y = 4500, x - 30y = 5200
d. 25x - y = 4500, 30x - y = 5200
17. The system of linear equations, represented by above situations has
a. No solution
b. Unique solution
c. Infinitely many solutions
d. None of these
18. The cost of food per day is
a. ₹ 120
b. ₹ 130
c. ₹ 140
d. ₹ 1300
19. The fixed charges per month for the hostel is
a. ₹ 1500
b. ₹ 1200
c. ₹ 1000
d. ₹ 1300
20. If Bindu takes food for 20 days, then what amount she has to pay?
a. ₹ 4000
b. ₹ 3500
c. ₹ 3600
d. ₹ 3800

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Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 03

Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (a) x = 3, y = 4
Explanation: Divide throughout by xy and put and to get
4v + 6u = 3 ......(i)
and 8v + 9u = 5 .....(ii)
This gives u = and v = . Hence, x = 3 and y = 4.
2. (c) an infinite number of solutions
Explanation: A linear equation in two variables is of the form, ax + by + c = 0, where geometrically it
does represent a straight line and every point on this graph is a solution for a given linear equation.
As a line consists of an infinite number of points. A linear equation has an infinite number of solutions.
3. (d) coincide with each other
Explanation: A system of two linear equations in two variables is dependent consistent, if their graphs
coincide with each other i.e. they superimpose each other and all points in one line are also a solution
for the other line.
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4. (a)
Explanation: The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has no solution

because both the equation satisfy the condition i.e

5. (c) coincide with each other
Explanation: A system of two linear equations in two variables has infinitely many solutions if their
graphs coincide with each other and all the points in one line are common with the other line.
6. (d) intersect only at a point
Explanation: The number of solutions of a system of two linear equations in two variables is equal to
the number of common points between the graphs of given linear equations.
If a system has a unique solution then their graphs must intersect in only one point.
7. (d) 5 and 3
Explanation: x + y = 8
x = 8 - y ... (i)
x + y = 4(x - y) ... (ii)
Substitute (i) in (ii)
8 = 4x - 4y
2 = x - y
2 = 8 - y - y
2y = 8 - 2
y = 3
therefore, x = 8 - 3 = 5
Hence, Numbers are 5 and 3
8. (b) one unique solution
Explanation: Given: 6x + 3y = 6xy
= 6

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And, 2x + 4y = 5xy
= 5
Let = u and = v
The equations are 3u + 6v = 6 and 4u + 2v = 5
Here, a1 = 3, a2 = 4, b1 = 6, b2 = 2, c1 = 6 and c2 = 5

and

Therefore, the system of given equations has a unique solution.
9. (c) 6
Explanation: The given system of equations
2x + 3y = 5
4x + ky = 10

For the equations to have infinite number of solutions

If we take

2k = 12

k = 6
10. (b) 18 sq. units
Explanation: Here are the two solutions of each of the given equations.
0 3 6

2 1 0

0 3 6
-4 -2 0

Area of triangle = Base Height = = 18 sq. units

11. (d) A is false but R is true.

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Explanation: We know that the system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has

infinitely many solutions if and gives a pair of coincident lines.

So, the Reason is correct
For Assertion, we have, a1 = 1, b1 = 2, c1 = -3, a2 = 2, b2 = 4 and c2 = 7

Now, and
So, the pair of linear equations has no solution and gives a pair of parallel lines.
So, Assertion is not correct.
12. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: We know that if the lines are parallel, then it has no solution.
So, the Assertion is false. We know that if the lines are intersecting, then it has a unique solution. So,
the Reason is true.
13. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Here, as is condition of non-zero solutions.
But all lines of type ax + by = 0 and cx + dy = 0 do not have non-zero solutions always.
14. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: If the lines are coincident, then it has an infinite number of solutions.
The reason is clearly true.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Each straight line passes through infinitely many points to cut on x-axis.
16. (a) For student Rekha:
Fixed charge + cost of food for 25 days = ₹ 4500
i.e., x + 25y = 4500
For student Renu:
Fixed charges + cost of food for 30 days = 5200 i.e., x + 30y = ₹ 5200
17. From above, we have a1 = 1, b1 = 25, c1 = -4500 and a2 = 1, b2 = 30, c2 = -5200

, = ,

Thus, system of linear equations has unique solution.

18. (c) We have, x + 25y = 4500 ...(i)
and x + 30y = 5200 ...(ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
5y = 700 y = 140
Cost of food per day is ₹ 140
19. (c) We have, x + 25y = 4500 x = 4500 - 25 140
x = 4500 - 3500 = 1000
Fixed charges per month for the hostel is ₹ 1000
20. (d) We have, x = 1000, y = 140 and Renu takes food for 20 days.
Amount that Renu has to pay
= ₹(1000 + 20 \times 140) = ₹ 3800

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 04

1. Given that 2x + 3y = 11, 2x - 4y = -24 and y = mx + 3, then the value of m is

a. 2
b. 0
c. m= -1
d. 1
2. Ritu can row downstream 20 km in 2 hours and upstream 4 km in 2 hours. The speed of the current is
a. 12 km/hr
b. 6 km/hr
c. 4 km/hr
d. 8 km/hr
3. The system of equations 2x + 3y - 7 = 0 and 6x + 5y - 11 = 0 has
a. unique solution
b. infinite many solutions
c. no solution
d. non zero solution
4. I am three times as old as my son. Five years later, I shall be two and a half times as old as my son. My
present age is
a. 20 years
b. 45 years
c. 15 years
d. 50 years
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
5. The pair of linear equations y = 0 and y = - 6 has:
a. no solution
b. only solution (0, 0)
c. infinitely many solutions
d. a unique solution
6. The value of k so that the system of equations 3x - y - 5 = 0 and 6x - 2y - k = 0 have infinitely many
solutions is
a. k = -10
b. k = 10
c. k = -8
d. k = 8
7. The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a unique solution if

a.

b.
c. None of these
d.
8. The value of k so that the system of equations 3x - 4y - 7 = 0 and 6x - ky - 5 = 0 have a unique solution is
a. k -8

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b. k 4
c. k -4
d. k 8
9. The area of the triangle formed by the lines x = 3, y = 4 and x = y is
a. 1 sq. unit
b. 1/2 sq. unit
c. None of these
d. 2sq. unit
10. The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 ​​has infinitely many solutions if

a.

b.
c. None of these
d.

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): If kx - y - 2 = 0 and 6x - 2y - 3 = 0 are inconsistent, then k = 3

Reason (R): a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are inconsistent if
12. Assertion (A): System of equations x + py = 6 and 2x + 3y = 8 can never have infinite solutions for any real
value of k.
Reason (R): Condition of inconsistency for system of linear equation in two variables is .
13. Assertion (A): Both lines represented by x + y = 0 and x – y = 0 meet at origin.
Reason (R): Equations of type ax + by = 0 and bx + ay = 0 always pass through origin, i.e., meet at origin.
14. Assertion (A): The linear equations x - 2y - 3 = 0 and 3x + 4y - 20 = 0 have exactly one solution.
Reason (R): The linear equations 2x + 3y - 9 = 0 and 4x + 6y - 18 = 0 have a unique solution.
15. Assertion (A): 3x - 4y = 7 and 6x - 8y = k have infinite number of solution if k = 14.
Reason (R): a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0

have a unique solution if

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:
Mr. Pawan Jindal arranged a lunch party for some of his friends. The expense of the lunch are partly partly
proportional to the number of guests. The expenses amount to ₹ 650 for 7 guests and ₹ 970 for 11 guests.

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Denote the constant expense by ₹x and proportional expense per person by ₹y and answer the following
questions.

16. Represent both the situations algebraically.

a. x + 7y = 650, x + 11y = 970
b. x - 7y = 650, x - 11y = 970
c. x + 11y = 650, x + 7y = 970
d. 11x + 7y = 650, 11x - 7y = 970
17. Proportional expense for each person is
a. ₹ 50
b. ₹ 80
c. ₹ 90
d. ₹ 100
18. The fixed (or constant) expense for the party is
a. ₹ 50
b. ₹ 80
c. ₹ 90
d. ₹ 100
19. If there would be 15 guests at the lunch party, then what amount Mr. Jindal has to pay?
a. ₹ 1500
b. ₹ 1300
c. ₹ 1200
d. ₹ 1290
20. The system of linear equations representing both the situations will have
a. unique solution
b. no solution
c. infinitely many
d. none of the above

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Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 04

Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (c) m= -1
Explanation: Given: 2x + 3y = 11 ... (i)
2x - 4y = -24 ... (ii)
Subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i), we get
7y = 35
y = 5
Putting the value of y in eq. (i), we get
2x + 3 5 = 11
2x = -4
x = -2
Now, y = mx + 3
5 = m (-2) + 3
2m = 3 - 5
m = -1
2. (c) 4 km/hr
Explanation: Let speed of boat = x km/h
speed of current = y km/h
Downstream speed = (x + y) km/h
and Upstream speed = (x - y) km/h
Speed =
Time =
According to question,
In downstream, = 2
x + y =10 ... (i)
And In upstream, = 2
x - y = 2 ... (ii)
Subtracting eq. (ii) from (I), we get 2y = 8
y = 4
Therefore, the speed of the current is 4 km/h.
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3. (a) unique solution
Explanation: 2x + 3y - 7 = 0
6x + 5y - 11 = 0
By Comparing with a1x + b1y + c = 0 and a2x + b2y + c = 0,
Here, a1 = 2, b1 = 3, c1 = - 7, and a2 = 6 , b2 = 5, c2 = -11

Since

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Therefore, the system of equations has a unique solution.

4. (b) 45 years
Explanation: Let my age and son's age be x and y years.
Given, x = 3y

x + 5 =

3y + 5 =
6y + 10 = 5y + 25
y = 15
x = 3 15 = 45
Hence, my age and son's age are 45 years and 15 years.
5. (a) no solution
Explanation: Since, we have y = 0 and y = -6 are two parallel lines.
therefore, no solution exists.
6. (b) k = 10
Explanation: Given: a1 = 3, a2 = 6, b1 = -1, b2 = -2, c1 = -5 and c2 = -k

If there are infinitely many solutions, then =

Taking
k = 5 2 k = 10
7. (a)
Explanation: The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a unique

solution if
8. (d) k 8
Explanation: Given: a1 = 3, a2 = 6, b1 = -4, b2 = -k, c1 = -7 and c2 = -5

If there is a unique solution, then

-3k -4 6 k 8
9. (b) 1/2 sq. unit
Explanation: Given x = 3, y = 4 and x = y
We have plotting points as (3,4), (3,3), (4,4) when x = y

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Therefore, area of ABC = (Base Height) = (AB AC) = (1 1) =

Area of triangle ABC is square units.

10. (b)
Explanation: The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0​​ has infinitely many

solutions because both the equation satisfy the condition i.e

11. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
12. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Clearly, and , we know that for infinitely many solutions

But here, and , clearly , so what may be the value of ‘k’ systems will never has
infinitely many solutions.
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: On solving given equations, we get x = 0 and y = 0.
14. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
15. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
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16. (a) 1st situation can be represented as
x + 7y = 650 ...(i)
and 2nd situation can be represented as
x + 11y = 970 ...(ii)
17. (b) Subtracting equations (i) from (ii), we get
4y = 320 y = 80
Proportional expense for each person is ₹ 80
18. (c) Putting y = 80 in equation (i), we get
x + 7 80 = 650 x = 650 - 560 = 90
Fixed expense for the party is ₹ 90
19. (d) If there will be 15 guests, then the amount that
Mr. Pawan Jindal has to pay = ₹(90 + 15 80) = ₹ 1290
20. (a) We have a1 = 1, b1 = 7, c1 = -650
and a2 = 1, b2 = 11, c2 = -970

, = ,

Here,
Thus, system of linear equations has unique solution.

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 05

1. The solution of = 2 and ax - by = a2 - b2 is

a. x = a and y = b
b. x = a2 and y = b2
c. x = -a2 and y = -b2
d. x = -a and y = -b
2. The difference between two numbers is 26 and one number is three times the other. The numbers are
a. 39 and 13
b. 30 and 10
c. 36 and 12
d. 36 and 10
3. A system of two linear equations in two variables have no solution if their graphs
a. cut the x – axis
b. coincide
c. do not intersect at any point
d. intersect only at a point
4. The pair of linear equations 5x - 3y = 11 and – 10x + 6y = -22 are
a. coincident
b. None of these
c. consistent
d. inconsistent
5. Form the pair of linear equations in the problem, and find its solution graphically.:
5 pencils and 7 pens together cost Rs.50 whereas 7 pencils and 5 pens together cost Rs.46. The cost of 1
pen is
a. Rs.5
b. Rs.6
c. Rs.3
d. Rs.4
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6. If and then
a. x = - 2, y = -3
b. x = 2, y = -3
c. x = -2, y = 3
d. x = 2, y = 3
7. If x - y = 2 and then
a. x = 6, y = 4
b. x = 7, y = 5
c. x = 5, y = 3
d. x = 4, y = 2
8. The solution of px + qy = p - q and qx - py = p + q is
a. x = -1 and y = 1

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b. x = 1 and y = 1
c. x = 0 and y = 0
d. x = 1 and y = -1
9. The sum of the digits of a two digit number is 9. If 27 is added to it, the digits of the number get
reversed. The number is
a. 63
b. 27
c. 36
d. 72
10. The system x - 2y = 3 and 3x + ky = 1 has a unique solution only when
a. k = - 6
b. k 0
c. k = 0
d. k -6

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): Lines represented by equations x + 2y = 3 and 2x – y = 1 intersects at a point, i.e., system has
infinite solutions.
Reason (R): System of parallel lines is known as inconsistent or no solution.
12. Assertion (A): 2x – 3y = 8xy and 5x + 6y = 21xy is not a system of linear equations in two variables.
Reason (R): Equations of the form ax + by = cxy and dx + cy + pxy always have one set of solutions x = 0 and
y = 0 and another set of solution depends on the condition of consistency.
13. Assertion (A): The value of k for which the system of equations kx - y = 2, 6x - 2y = 3 has a unique solution
is 3.
Reason (R): The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a unique solutions if

14. Assertion (A): The number of common solutions for the system of linear equations 5x + 4y + 6 = 0 and 10x
+ 8y = 12 is zero.
Reason (R): The system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a unique solution if

15. Assertion (A): The value of q = , if x = 3, y = 1 is the solution of the line 2x + y - q2 - 3 = 0

Reason (R): The solution of the line will satisfy the equation of the line.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:
Points A and B representing Chandigarh and Kurukshetra respectively are almost 90 km apart from each other

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on the highway. A car starts from Chandigarh and another from Kurukshetra at the same time. If these cars go
in the same direction, they meet in 9 hours and if these cars go in opposite direction they meet in hours. Let X
and Y be two cars starting from points A and B respectively and their speed be x km/hr and y
km/hr respectively.

Then, answer the following questions.

16. When both cars move in the same direction, then the situation can be represented algebraically as
a. x - y = 10
b. x + y = 10
c. x + y = 9
d. x - y = 9
17. When both cars move in opposite direction, then the situation can be represented algebraically as
a. x - y = 70
b. x + y = 90
c. x + y = 70
d. x + y = 10
18. Speed of car X is
a. 30 km/hr
b. 40 km/hr
c. 50 km/hr
d. 60 km/hr
19. Speed of car is
a. 50 km/hr
b. 40 km/hr
c. 30 km/hr
d. 60 km/hr
20. If speed of car X and car Y, each is increased by 10 km/hr, and cars are moving in opposite direction, then
after how much time they will meet?
a. 5 hrs
b. 4 hrs
c. 2 hrs
d. 1 hr

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Term 1 - Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables - 05

Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (a) x = a and y = b
Explanation: Given
= 2 ... (i)

ax - by = a2 - b2 ... (ii)
Eq (i) can be written as bx + ay = 2ab ... (iii)
multiply equation (ii) by a and equation (iii) by b and adding
a2 x + b2 x = a3 - ab2 + 2ab2 = a(a2 + b2)
x = a
multiply equation (ii) by b and equation (iii) by a and Subtract
- b2y - a2y = ba2- b3 - 2ba2
-y(b2 + a2) = - b(b2 + a2)
y = b
2. (a) 39 and 13
Explanation: Let the two numbers be x and y
According to question, x - y = 26 and x = 3y
Putting the value of x in x - y = 26, we get,
3y - y = 26
y = 13 And x = 3 13 = 39
Therefore, the two numbers are 13 and 39.
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3. (c) do not intersect at any point
Explanation: A system of two linear equations in two variables is inconsistent if their graphs do not
intersect at any point.
In this case, a pair of lines represented by the system are parallel to each other. so they do not intersect
at any point means they are parallel to each other then there are no solutions that are true for both
equations.
4. (a) coincident
Explanation: Given: a1 = 5, a2 = -10, b1 = -3, b2 = 6, c1 = 11 and c2 =-22
a1 = 5, a2 = -10, b1 = -3, b2 = 6, c1 = 11 and c2 = -22

Here,

Therefore, the pair of given linear equations is coincident.
5. (a) Rs.5
Explanation: Let, cost(in RS) of one pencil = x
and cost (in RS) of one pen = y
Therefore , according to question
5x+7y = 50 ........ (1)
7x + 5y = 46 .........(2)

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Multiply equation (1) by 7 and equation (2) by 5 we get

7(5x+7y)= 7 50
35x +49y = 350 .......(3)
and 5(7x +5y) = 5 46
35x +25y = 230 ....... (4)
Subtract equation (4) from equation 3 , we get
35x + 49y - 35x - 25y = 350 -230
49y -25y = 120
24y = 120
y =
y = 5
Substitute y = 5 in equation 1 , we get
5x + 7 5 =50
5x + 35 = 50
5x = 50 - 35
5x = 15
x =
x = 3
Hence, Cost of One Pen = y =5
6. (d) x = 2, y = 3
Explanation: We have,
…(i)

…(ii)
Now, multiplying (i) and (ii) by 6 we get:
4x - 3y = - 1 …(iii)
3x + 4y = 18 …(iv)
Now, multiplying (iii) by 4 and (iv) by 3 and adding them we get:
16x + 9x = - 4 + 54
x = = 2
Putting the value of x in (iv) we get:
3 2 + 4y = 18
y =
y = 3
7. (a) x = 6, y = 4
Explanation: We have: x - y = 2 …(i)
x + y = 10 …(ii)
Now, adding (i) and (ii) we get: 2x = 12
x =
x = 6
Putting the value of x in (ii), we get 6 + y = 10
y = 10 - 6
y = 4
8. (d) x = 1 and y = -1
Explanation: Given: a1 = p, a2 = q, b1 = q, b2 = -p, c1 = p - q and c2 = p + q
Using the cross-multiplication method,

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and

x = 1 and y = -1
9. (c) 36
Explanation: Let the original No is 10x + y
The sum of the digits of a two digit no. Is 9.
If the digits are reversed,
the new no. Is 27 less than the given no.
x + y = 9
(10x + y) = (10y + x) - 27
9x - 9y = -27
x - y = -3
x = 3
y = 6
Then the number Is 36
10. (d) k -6
Explanation: For a unique solution, we have .

So,
11. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Given system does not have infinitely many solution, it has a unique solution.
12. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Clearly, (x y) cannot be linear term.
13. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Given system of linear equations has a unique solution if

k 3
So, A is false but R is true.
14. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: We know that the system of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has a

unique solution if .
So, Reason is correct.
For Assertion, we have, a1 = 5, b1 = 4, c1 = 6 a2 = 10, b2 = 8 and c2 = -12

Now, and
So, the pair of linear equations has no solution and hence Assertion is correct.
But reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).

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15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: As x = 3, y = 1 is the solution of
2x + y - q2 - 3 = 0
2 3 + 1 - q2 - 3 = 0
4 - q2 = 0
q2 + 4 = 0
q =
So, both assertion and reason are correct and reason explains assertion.
16. (a) Suppose two cars meet at point Q. Then,
Distance travelled by car X = AQ
Distance travelled by car Y = BQ.
It is given that two cars meet in 9 hours.
Distance travelled by car X in 9 hours = 9x km
AQ = 9x
Distance travelled by car Y in 9 hours = 9y km
BQ = 9y

Clearly, AQ - BQ = AB
9x - 9y = 90
x - y = 10
17. (c) Suppose two cars meet at point P. Then
Distance travelled by car X = AP and
Distance travelled by car Y = BP.
In this case, two cars meet in hours.
Distance travelled by car X in hours = x km
A P = x
Distance travelled by car Y in hours = y km
BP = y
Clearly, AP + BP = AB
= 90 = 90 x + y = 70
18. (b) We have x - y = 10 ...(i)
x + y = 70 ...(ii)
Adding equations (i) and (ii), we get
2x = 80 x = 40
Hence, speed of car X is 40 km/hr.
19. (c) We have x - y = 10
40 - y = 10 y = 30
Hence, speed of car y is 30 km/hr
20. (d) 1 hr

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Triangles - 02

1. In ABC, AB = cm, AC = 12 cm and BC = 6 cm. The angle A and B are respectively

a. 45o, 45o
b. 75o, 30o
c. 30o, 90o
d. 60o, 60o
2. In a △ABC, it is given that AD is the internal bisector of ∠A. If AB = 10 cm, AC = 14 cm and BC = 6 cm, the
CD = ?

a. 10.5 cm
b. 7 cm
c. 4.8 cm
d. 3.5 cm
3. In the given figure if then x is equal to:-

a. 17.
b. 15.
c. 11.
d. 19.
4. In PQR, if and Then the measure of is

a. 22.5o.
b. 30o.

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c. 60o.
d. 45o.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
5. If ABC is a right triangle right-angled at B and N are the mid-points of AB and BC respectively, then 4
(AN2 + CM2) =
a. 4 AC2
b. 5 AC2
c. AC2
d. 6 AC2
6. In an equilateral triangle ABC, if then

a. 4AB2 = 3AD2
b. 5AB2 = 4AD2
c. 3AB2 = 4AD2
d. 2AB2 = 3AD2
7. Two right-angled triangles are congruent if:
1. The hypotenuse of one triangle is equal to the hypotenuse of the other.
2. A side for one triangle is equal to the corresponding side of the other.
3. Sides of the triangles are equal.
4. An angle of the triangle are equal.
Of these statement, the correct ones are combination of:
a. (i) and (ii)
b. (i) and (iii)
c. (ii) and (iii)
d. (iv) only
8. The length of an altitude of an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm is __________
a.
b.
c.
d.
9. If N is the midpoint of AB, and ar ( ABC) = 20cm2, then ar( ANM) is equal to

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a. 4cm2
b. 4.5 cm2
c. 5cm2
d. 5.5 cm2
10. In a ABC, perpendicular AD from A on BC meets BC at D. If BD = 8 cm, DC = 2 cm and AD = 4 cm, then
a. ABC is right - angled at A.
b. AC = 2 AB
c. ABC is isosceles

d. ABC is equilateral

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): In a triangle PQR, A and B are points on sides PQ and PR such that , then AB || QR.
Reason (R): By converse of BPT.
12. Assertion (A): D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ABC such that DE||BC then
the value of x is 4, when AD = x cm, DB = (x - 2) cm, AE = (x + 2) cm and EC = (x - 1) cm.
Reason (R): If a line is parallel to one side of a triangle then it divides the other two sides in the same ratio.
13. Assertion (A): In a triangle PQR, X and Y are points on sides PQ and PR respectively, such that XY || QR,
then .
Reason (R): Basic proportionality theorem.
14. Assertion (A): Triangle with the length of sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm is acute-angled triangle. [All angles are
acute]
Reason (R): If square of longest side is less than the sum of squares of other two sides, then triangle is acute
angled. [Acute angle property]
15. Assertion (A): Ratio of areas of two similar triangles is equal to ratio of squares of their corresponding
medians.
Reason (R): Ratio of perimeters of two similar triangles is same as the ratio of their medians.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Read the case study based questions carefully and answer any four out of the following:
In the backyard of house, Payal has some empty space in the shape of a PQR. She decided to make it a garden.
She divided the whole space into three parts by making boundaries AB and CD using bricks to grow flowers and
vegetables where AB||CD||QR as shown in figure.

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16. The length of AB is

a. 3 m
b. 4 m
c. 5m
d. 6m
17. The length of CD is
a. 4 m
b. 5 m
c. 6 m
d. 7m
18. Area of whole empty land is
a. 90 m2
b. 60 m2
c. 32 m2
d. 72 m2
19. Area of PAB is
a. m2
b. m2

c. m2
d. m2
20. Area of PCD is
a. m2

b. m2
c. m2

d. m2

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Term 1 - Triangles - 02
Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (c) 30o, 90o

Explanation: Given: ABC, AB = cm, AC = 12 cm and BC = 6 cm
2 2 2
Now, AC = AB + BC
(12)2 = + (6)2
144 = 108 + 36
144 = 144
Thus, ABC is a right-angled triangle and angle B is a right angle.
Now, tan( A) = = tan30o

A = 30o
Therefore, A = 30o and B = 90o
2. (a) 10.5 cm
Explanation: By using angle bisector theore in △ABC, we have

Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

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3. (c) 11.
Explanation: Given:
by using Thale's theorem

4. (b) 30o.
Explanation: In triangle PQR, P + Q + R = P + + = P =
In triangle PQR, If , then also as it is common.

Q = PMR, PMQ = R and QPM = RPM Now, P =
QPM + RPM =
2 QPM =
QPM =
5. (b) 5 AC2
Explanation: M is the mid-point of AB.

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BM =
N is the mid-point of BC.
BN =
Now,

AN2 + CM2 =

=
= (AB2 + BC2)
4 (AN2 + CM2) = 5 AC2
6. (c) 3AB2 = 4AD2

Explanation:

Since the internal bisector of an angle of a triangle divides the opposite side internally in the ratio of
the sides containing the angle and using a result,
AB2 + BC2 = 2(AD2 + BD2)
[Since AB = BC]

4AB2 = 4AD2 + BC2 4AB2 + 4AD2 + AB2​

3AB2 = 4AD2
7. (a) (i) and (ii)
Explanation: (i) and (ii)
Two right angled triangle are congruent if the hypotenuse of one triangle is equal to the hypotenuse of
the other and a side of one triangle is equal to the corresponding side of the other triangle.
8. (b)
Explanation: Let ABC be an equilateral triangle and AD be its altitude.
Since altitude of equilateral triangle bisect the opposite side, therefore BD = CD

Now in triangle ABD,

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AD = cm
9. (c) 5cm2
Explanation: In and
= [Common]
[Corresponding angles]
By AA Similarity Criteria

[Given AN = BN] = = 5 cm2

10. (a) ABC is right - angled at A.
Explanation: In ABC , AD BC
BD = 8 CM, DC = 2 CM, AD = 4 CM

In right ACD,
AC2 = AD2 + CD2 (Pythagoras Theorem)
=(4)2+(2)2=16 + 4 = 20
and in right ABD,
AB2 = AD2 + DB2
= (4)2 + (8)2 = 16 + 64 = 80
and BC2 = (BD + DC)2 = (8 + 2)2 = (10)2 = 100
AB2 + AC2 = 80 + 20 = 100 = BC2
ABC is a right triangle whose
11. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Applicability of converse of Basic Proportionality Theorem, i.e., of Thale’s theorem.
12. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:

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We know that if a line is parallel to one side of a triangle then it divides the other two sides in the same
ratio. This is Basic Proportionality theorem.
So, Reason is correct.
By Basic Proportionality theorem, we have

x(x - 1) = (x - 2) (x + 2)
x2 - x = x2 - 4
x = 4 cm
So, Assertion is correct.
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Statement of Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thale’s Theorem).
14. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Triangle with sides 3, 4 and 5 is a right-angled triangle because 52 = 32 + 42
25 = 9 + 16 25 = 25
15. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: A is false but R is true.
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16. (a) In PAB and PQR,
(Common)
A = Q (Corresponding angles)
By AA similarity criterion, PAB PQR
AB = 3m
17. (d) Similarly, PCD and PQR are similar.
CD = 7 m
18. (a) Area of whole empty land
= = 90 m2
19. (b) Since,

ar( PAB) = m2 [ ar( PQR) = 90 m2]

20. (d) Since,

ar( PAB) = m2

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Term 1 - Triangles - 03

1. Two poles of height 8 m and 13 m are standing 12 m apart. The distance between their tops is _____
a. 15 m
b. 17 m
c. 13 m
d. 19 m
2. In a If then QS is equal to
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. In a ABC, , AB = 5 cm and AC = 12 cm. Also , Then AD =
a.
b.
c.
d.
4. In ABC and PQR, B = Q, R = C and AB = 2PQ. Then, the triangles are
a. Congruent but not similar.
b. Similar but not congruent.
c. Neither congruent nor similar.
d. Congruent as well as similar.
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5. ABCD is a trapezium such that BC || AD and AB = 4 cm. If the diagonals AC and BD intersect at O such
that = = then, Find DC.
a. 8 cm
b. 6 cm
c. 9 cm
d. 7 cm
6. In the given figure, DE||BC. If DE = 5 cm, BC = 8 cm and AD = 3.5 cm then AB = ?

a. 4.8 cm
b. 5.6 cm
c. 5.2 cm
d. 6.4 cm

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7. In the adjoining figure if exterior AB = 5cm, AC = 7cm and BC =

3cm, then CD is equal to

a. 2 cm.
b. 1.9 cm.
c. 1.75 cm.
d. 2.25 cm.
8. In the given figure, AB = 15, cm, BD = 6cm, AC = 25 cm, then AE is equal to

a. 15 cm.
b. 18 cm.
c. 20 cm.
d. 10 cm.
9. In triangles ABC and DEF, A - E = 40°, AB : ED = AC : EF and F = 65°, then B =
a. 75o
b. 85o
c. 35o
d. 65o
10. In the figures find the measures of and

a. 20o, 30o.
b. 50o, 40o.
c. 30o, 20o.
d. 40o, 50o.

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:

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a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion: Two similar triangles are always congruent.

Reason: If the areas of two similar triangles are equal then the triangles are congruent.
12. Assertion: ABC is an isosceles triangle right-angled of C, then AB2 = 2AC2.
Reason: In right ABC, right-angled at B, AC2 = AB2 + BC2
13. Assertion (A): D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ABC such that DE||BC then
the value of x is 11, when AD = 4cm, DB = (x - 4)cm, AE = 8cm and EC = (3x - 19)cm.
Reason (R): If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio then it is parallel to the third side.

14. Assertion (A): Two right-angled triangles are always similar.

Reason (R): By Pythagoras Theorem, H2 = P2 + B2
15. Assertion (A): A triangle with the length of sides 4, 5 and 7 units is a right-angled triangle.
Reason (R): If in any triangle: (Hyp.)2 = (Base)2 + (Perpendicular)2, then triangle is right-angled by converse
of Pythagoras Theorem.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:

Some kindergarten students were playing near a lamp-post. They were so excited to see their shadows and
trying to show that their shadow is the longest. The lamp was 3.6 m above the ground. One of the girl of height
90 cm was walking away from the base of a lamp-post at a speed of 1.2 m/s.

16. Which of the following line segment shows the length of the shadow?
a. CE
b. BE
c. DE

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d. CD
17. What would be the length of her shadow after 4 seconds?
a. 1.2 m
b. 1.6 m
c. 2.3 m
d. 1.4 m
18. How far is the girl from the lamp-post?
a. 4.8 m
b. 1.2 m
c. 12 m
d. 6.4 m
19. Triangle ABE and CDE are similar because:
a. All sides are equal
b. The shadow of a girl is equal to the height of the lamp-post
c. Angle B and Angle E are common
d. Both are related to the same length of the shadow
20. AB denotes the ________ and CD ________ after walking for 4 seconds away from the lamp-post.
a. the girl, lamp-post
b. the shadow, the girl
c. the girl, the shadow
d. lamp-post, the girl

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Term 1 - Triangles - 03
Class 10 - Mathematics

Solution

1. (c) 13 m

Explanation:

In triangle ABE, AB =
AB = 13 m
Therefore, the distance between the tops of the pole is 13 m.
2. (a)
Explanation: Here = 13 cm
In and
PQR = QSR = and R = R [Common] [AA similarity]

cm

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3. (b)
Explanation: In ABC , AB = 5 cm, AC = 12 cm

( Pythagoras Theorem)
=

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Now area of
=
and also area of

4. (b) Similar but not congruent.

Explanation: In triangles ABC and PQR, since B = Q and C = R, then
Using AA property of similar triangles. ABC PQR
But AB = 2PQ.
Hence the corresponding sides are proportional but not equal. Hence, the triangles are similar but not
congruent, because, for congruency, sides should also be equal.
5. (a) 8 cm

Explanation:

In ΔAOB and ΔCOD,

∠ AOB = ∠COD (Vertically opposite angles)
= (Given)
Therefore according to SAS similarity criterion, we have
ΔAOB ΔCOD
= = [corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional]
⇒ =
⇒ DC = 8 cm
6. (b) 5.6 cm
Explanation: DE ∥ BC
(Thales' theorem)

=5.6 cm
7. (c) 1.75 cm.
Explanation: Here, BAD = 180o - ( EAB + ADC) = 180o - 110o - 35o = 35o​
Since, AD bisects A.
[Internal bisector of an angle of a triangle divides the opposite side in the ratio of the sides
containing the angle]

5CD = 21 - 7CD​​ 5CD + 7 CD = 21

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12CD = 21 CD = 1.75 cm
8. (a) 15 cm.
Explanation: Since then using Thales theorem,

EC = 10 cm
Now, AE = AC – EC = 25 – 10 = 15 cm
9. (a) 75o
Explanation: In ABC and DEF

(SAS criterion)

and
But (Sum of angles of a triangle)

10. (a) 20o, 30o.

Explanation: In triangle ABC,

In triangle ABC and QRP,

=>
Since sides of triangles ABC and QRP are proportional, and included angles are equal, therefore by SAS
similarity criteria ,

11. (d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
Explanation: Two similar triangles are not congruent generally. So, assertion is incorrect but reason is
correct.
12. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: In an isosceles ABC, right-angled at C is
AB2 = AC2 + BC2

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AB2 = AC2 + AC2

AB2 = 2AC2 (AC = BC)
So, both assertion and reason are correct and reason explains assertion.
13. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio then it is parallel to the third
side. This is the Converse of the Basic Proportionality theorem.
So, the Reason is correct.
By Basic Proportionality theorem, we have
4(3x - 19) = 8(x - 4)
12x - 76 = 8x - 32
4x = 44 x = 11 cm
So, Assertion is correct.
But reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
14. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Two right-angled triangle are similar only if at least one more angle is also equal.
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15. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Pythagoras theorem, H2 = P2 + B2 is not applicable here.
16. (c) DE
17. (b) 1.6 m
18. (a) 4.8 m
19. (c) Angle B and Angle E are common
20. (d) lamp-post, the girl

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