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Rev. 5 Service Manual

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
776 views115 pages

Rev. 5 Service Manual

Uploaded by

Yashwant Sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 115

MilkoScreen™

Service Manual
6005 8194 / Rev. 5

Copyright 2018 / All rights reserved


FOSS Analytical A/S, Foss Allé 1, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
Tel Int +45 7010 3370, Fax +45 7010 3371, E-mail [email protected]
MilkoScreen™

All information is liable to change without prior notice. For latest information
about documentation updates for your specific instrument, please contact your
local FOSS representative.

Rev. Date of Issue Revised Material

1 2013-06-25 First issue.

2 2014-03-24 Section 6.2 updated in connection with SW release 1.1.1.0

3 2016-11-24 Major update.

4 2017-01-11 Fig 73 and 84 updated.

5 2018-11-21 General update.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

Table of Contents
1 Important Instructions ................................. 1:1
1.1 Service Documents ................................................... 1:1
1.2 Self-Service Support ................................................. 1:1
1.3 Contacting Customer Support ................................. 1:1
1.4 ESD Information ....................................................... 1:1
1.5 Precautions ............................................................... 1:2
1.6 Chemicals .................................................................. 1:3

2 Technical Description ................................... 2:1


2.1 General ...................................................................... 2:1
2.1.1 Prediction Models .............................................................. 2:1
2.1.2 License System.................................................................... 2:1
2.2 Description................................................................ 2:1
2.3 Flow System ............................................................. 2:2
2.4 Measuring System/IFU Theory ................................. 2:6
2.4.1 The Interferometer System................................................ 2:7
2.4.2 Interferometer Theory ..................................................... 2:10
2.5 Software Description ............................................. 2:14
2.5.1 Main Structure ................................................................. 2:14
2.5.2 Exporting Result Using the Serial Port ............................ 2:16

3 Installation.................................................... 3:1
3.1 Site Preparation........................................................ 3:1
3.2 Installation................................................................ 3:1
3.3 Start-up Instruction .................................................. 3:1

4 Service and Maintenance ............................. 4:1


4.1 Service Tools ............................................................. 4:1
4.2 Removing the Instrument Cabinet .......................... 4:3
4.2.1 Procedure ........................................................................... 4:3
4.3 Removing the Front Cabinet ................................... 4:3
4.3.1 Procedure ........................................................................... 4:3
4.4 Dismantling the Pipette/Pump System ................... 4:4
4.4.1 Procedure ........................................................................... 4:4
4.4.2 Replacing the Pump (glass) Cylinder Assembly ................ 4:5
4.4.3 Replacing the Piston Gasket .............................................. 4:6

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 3


MilkoScreen™

4.5 Replacing the Control PCB ........................................4:9


4.5.1 General ............................................................................... 4:9
4.5.2 Replacement Procedure ..................................................... 4:9
4.5.3 Update the License and PMC File .................................... 4:10
4.6 Replacing the IFU Control PCB ...............................4:12
4.6.1 Adjustments/Software...................................................... 4:12
4.6.2 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:12
4.7 Replacing the Detector PCB ....................................4:14
4.7.1 Replacing the PCB ............................................................ 4:15
4.7.2 Mounting and Adjusting a New Detector PCB ............... 4:15
4.8 Replacing the Interferometer Unit ........................4:16
4.8.1 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:16
4.8.2 Adjustments...................................................................... 4:21
4.8.3 Warm up Time .................................................................. 4:21
4.9 Replacing the IR Source ..........................................4:21
4.9.1 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:21
4.9.2 Tests .................................................................................. 4:22
4.10 Replacing the Laser Diode ......................................4:22
4.10.1 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:23
4.10.2 Adjustments...................................................................... 4:23
4.10.3 Tests .................................................................................. 4:23
4.11 Replacing the Laser Detector .................................4:24
4.11.1 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:24
4.11.2 Adjustments...................................................................... 4:24
4.11.3 Tests .................................................................................. 4:24
4.12 Replacing the Cuvette ............................................4:25
4.12.1 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:25
4.13 Repair of Cuvette ....................................................4:25
4.13.1 Procedure.......................................................................... 4:26
4.14 Repair of Back Pressure Valve ................................4:29
4.14.1 Replacing Back Pressure Valve Spring and
Membrane ........................................................................ 4:30
4.15 Replacing Dust Protection Membrane ...................4:30
4.16 Replacing Push Button Overlay Membrane ...........4:32
4.17 Replacing Inner lid and Detector Mirror ...............4:32
4.17.1 Dismounting Inner Lid ..................................................... 4:33
4.18 Replacing Display PCB ............................................4:34
4.19 Replacing Pinch Valves ...........................................4:34
MilkoScreen™

4.20 Replacing and adjusting Motor Assembly ............ 4:35


4.21 IR Source Current Check ......................................... 4:37
4.21.1 Checking the Voltage and Current ................................. 4:37
4.22 Laser Diode Check .................................................. 4:37
4.22.1 Voltage Check .................................................................. 4:38
4.22.2 Checking the Laser Beam ................................................ 4:38
4.23 Laser Detector Check.............................................. 4:38
4.23.1 Procedure ......................................................................... 4:39
4.24 Adjustment of the Interferometer (IFU) ............... 4:39
4.24.1 Needed Equipment .......................................................... 4:39
4.24.2 IFU – Basic Understanding of the Adjustment ............... 4:39
4.24.3 Adjustment Set-Up .......................................................... 4:42
4.24.4 Adjustment Procedure ..................................................... 4:44
4.25 Back Pressure Valve Check ..................................... 4:48
4.25.1 Test Setup ......................................................................... 4:49
4.25.2 Procedure ......................................................................... 4:50
4.26 Flow System Test .................................................... 4:51
4.27 Preventive Maintenance ........................................ 4:52
4.27.1 Instrument PMA ............................................................... 4:52
4.27.2 PMA-kit 60058438 (June, 2018)....................................... 4:53
4.27.3 Procedure ......................................................................... 4:53
4.27.4 Cleaning ........................................................................... 4:53
4.27.5 Tests .................................................................................. 4:53
4.27.6 Software ........................................................................... 4:54

5 Software Maintenance................................. 5:1


5.1 Updating the Embedded Software.......................... 5:1
5.1.1 Procedure ........................................................................... 5:1
5.1.2 Using the FOSS Weblicense Site (IndiFoss Main
Office) ................................................................................. 5:1
5.2 Factory Reset ............................................................ 5:3
5.3 Configure number of decimals displayed............... 5:4
5.4 Serial Interface Export Protocol .............................. 5:5
5.4.1 Configuring the serial interface export protocol ............. 5:5
5.4.2 Sending only results on the serial interface ..................... 5:7
5.4.3 Sending results and service information over the
serial interface ................................................................. 5:10

6 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting ............... 6:1

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 5


MilkoScreen™

6.1 Diagnostics ................................................................6:1


6.1.1 Service Log .......................................................................... 6:1
6.1.2 Trace Log ............................................................................ 6:1
6.2 Error / Warning Messages .........................................6:3
6.3 General Troubleshooting ..........................................6:8

7 Schematics .................................................... 7:1


7.1 Interconnection Diagrams ........................................7:1

8 Technical Specifications .............................. 8:1


8.1 Legal Data .................................................................8:1
8.2 Performance Data .....................................................8:1
8.3 Technical Data ...........................................................8:1
8.4 PC Requirements .......................................................8:1

9 Document References .................................. 9:1


MilkoScreen™

1 Important Instructions
1.1 Service Documents
This Service Manual is a part of the Service Binder and (if available) the Service
CD, which both contains the complete support documentation for this product. The
Service CD may contain additional information in the form of animations for the
purpose of illustrating and explaining e.g. working principles, process flows and
service and adjustment procedures.

1.2 Self-Service Support


The Customer Support Toolbox (CST) on FOSS Intranet (www.foss.dk) contains
all available support information. Please visit the CST at regular intervals for latest
updates of documents and software.

1.3 Contacting Customer Support


For support on this product, please contact the responsible Technical Support
engineer at FOSS or file a support request in the Global HelpDesk on FOSS
Intranet.

1.4 ESD Information


Parts of this instrument, e.g. PCBs, are sensitive to Electro Static Discharge (ESD).
All sensitive parts should be handled using ESD protection.
Follow these rules for effective ESD protection:
• Handle all ESD sensitive parts with an ESD wrist band connected to earth.
• Transport all ESD sensitive parts in ESD protected bags or boxes.
• Check your ESD protection at regular intervals to secure its function and
quality.
The following ESD protection material is available from FOSS:
• 60049720 ESD-kit including wrist strap.

8000189a

Fig. 1 ESD

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 1:1


MilkoScreen™

1.5 Precautions
This service manual is addressed to service personnel. Please read the manual
carefully and act accordingly.

Safety Symbols
Explanation of safety symbols used in this manual.
Symbol Description

General hazard.

Electrical shock hazard.

Corrosive acid.

Hot surface.

Laser.

Radiation.

Read the manual.

General prohibition.

Do not step here.

Safety Terminology
Explanation of safety terms used in this manual.
Term Description

Warning Danger to human safety.

Caution Danger to product performance/operation.

Note Important supplementary information.

1:2 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

1.6 Chemicals
Warning
Reagents must be handled in accordance to the appropriate
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). MSDS’s in local languages
can be downloaded from the Customer Support Toolbox on
FOSS intranet. Take particular note of sections 2-8 and section
10.

Warning
Waste from the instrument must be handled in accordance to
local legislation. Composition of reagents is stated in the MSDS
section 3.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 1:3


MilkoScreen™

1:4 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

2 Technical Description
2.1 General
The MilkoScreen is an FTIR-based, electronic milk analyser that will analyse raw,
un-homogenized milk from cow and buffalo. Future Parameter Models may
include raw milk from other animals.
In order to keep the cost down, the instrument, including flow system is designed
as simple as possible. It has no homogenizer which allows the use of a simple, low
pressure piston pump, operating with only two valves.
With no homogenizer, the accuracy on Fat is obtained by collecting spectral data at
a slow, well defined flow through the cuvette. Further, the fat calibration has been
optimized against variations in fat globule size.

2.1.1 Prediction Models


See the User Manual.

2.1.2 License System


The MilkoScreen, in its basic configuration measures Fat and SNF (Solids Non
Fat). This configuration requires no license.
The customer may purchase licenses in order to add one or more of the above
mentioned Measurement Models.

2.2 Description
Instrument

8
7

1 2 3 4

Fig. 2
1 Power cable connection 5 Display with user buttons
2 Slot for SD card 6 Service hatch
3 Transportation lock 7 Tubing from bypass and cuvette
4 Serial port (only used at service) 8 Pipette and filter

Parts inside the unit are easily accessed behind the service hatch:

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:1


MilkoScreen™

1
7 2
6
3
4

Fig. 3
1 Pinch valve (normally open) 5 Tubing from bypass and cuvette
2 Bypass pinch valve (normally closed) 6 Pump
3 Back pressure valve 7 Pipette
4 Detector, Cuvette and manifold with
filter

2.3 Flow System


The Flow System in the MilkoScreen is based on a simple piston pump driven by a
step motor. The flow in and out from the pump cylinder is controlled by two tube
squeezer (pinch) valves (1 and 2).
In order to prevent air bubbles in the cuvette, a Back Pressure valve (3) ensures a
pressure of approximately 1.5 bar in the Flow System during scanning of the
sample.
Milk samples may contain various particles: For example, hair from the tits of the
cow, dirt from un-cleaned milk cans, foul milk particles, added adulterants and
others. Therefore the pipette (7), see Fig. 4, at the tip has a filter of 100 μm.
Further, to protect the Cuvette, a removable filter of 34 μm has been placed in front
of the cuvette inlet (4), see Fig. 4. The analysing of the milk will happen during
passage of the cuvette.

2:2 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

MilkoScreen Flow Diagram


Tube Squeezer Pump Cuvette
Valve – V1 System Manifold
Normally Open.
Intake Back Pressure Valve
1.5 bar

Pump
Cylinder Cuvette
(glass) 50 µm
Pipette with and
Filter Piston
100 µm
Tube Squeezer
In-Line filter Valve – V2
34 µm Normally
Closed. Waste
By-Pass
Pump Step
Motor

Fig. 4

Pump Motor Control


The Pump Step Motor is used to drive the pump piston up and down and will hence
run in either direction. The rotor, instead of a shaft, has a threaded hole. A threaded
spindle, mounted in the rotor is in the upper end fixed to the piston rod. In this way,
when the rotor turns, the spindle and piston moves up or down.

Flow Sequences
Stand By position is with the piston in top position.
The pump speed is defined in µl per second.
Depending of the sequence, the pump operates at various speeds, ranging from
400 µl/sec to 25 µl/sec.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:3


MilkoScreen™

Measure sequence
Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl µl/sec intake bypass

1-in 900 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

1-out 960 400 closed open flush flow system


bypassing cuvette

2-in 950 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

2-out 960 400 closed open flush flow system


bypassing cuvette

3-in 550 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

3-out-1 150 250 closed closed build up pressure through


backpressure valve

3-out-2 310 400 open closed Run sample backwards


through pipette

3-out-3 100 400 closed open flush flow system


bypassing cuvette

4-in 950 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

4-out-1 530 250 closed closed flush cuvette

4-out-2 425 29 closed closed measure while flushing


cuvette

Zero sequence
First intake:
Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl µl/sec intake bypass

1-in 900 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

1-out 960 400 closed open flush flow system bypassing


cuvette

2-in 950 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

2-out 960 400 closed open flush flow system bypassing


cuvette

3-in 950 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

3-out-1 530 250 closed closed flush cuvette

3-out-2 425 29 closed closed measure while flushing


cuvette

Second and third intakes:


Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl µl/sec intake bypass

1-in 420 400 open closed milk intake from pipette

1-out 425 29 closed closed measure while flushing


cuvette

2:4 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

Cleaning sequence
Cycles Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl/sec intake bypass
µl

2 1-in 950 400 open closed cleaning liquid intake


from pipette

1-out 950 400 closed open flush flow system


bypassing cuvette

1 3-in 950 400 open closed cleaning liquid intake


from pipette

3-out-1 200 25 closed closed clean cuvette slowly

3- 3 seconds pause
pause

3-out-2 750 250 closed toggle clean cuvette fast


while toggling bypass
valve (valve closed
800 ms, valve open
100 ms)

2 4-in 950 400 open closed cleaning liquid intake


from pipette

4-out 950 250 closed toggle clean cuvette fast


while toggling bypass
valve (valve closed
800 ms, valve open
100 ms)

1 6-in 950 400 open closed cleaning liquid intake


from pipette

6-out 950 400 open closed run cleaning liquid


backwards through
pipette

Soaking sequence (For 10 soak cycles)


Cycles Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl/sec intake bypass
µl

2 in 950 400 open closed soaking liquid intake


from pipette

out 950 400 closed open flush flow system


bypassing cuvette

in 250 400 open closed soaking liquid intake


10 from pipette

out 250 100 closed closed run soak liquid through


cuvette

pause 45 seconds pause

BP By-pass valve opens for


open 5 seconds

3 in 950 400 open closed soaking liquid intake


from pipette

out 950 400 closed closed flush cuvette

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:5


MilkoScreen™

Descaling sequence
The descaling sequence is preceded by the soaking sequence with 10 soak cycles
Start:
Cycles Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl/sec intake bypass
µl

1 in 950 400 open closed descaling liquid intake


from pipette

out 950 400 closed open flush flow system


bypassing cuvette

3 in 950 400 open closed descaling liquid intake


from pipette

out 950 250 closed closed run descaling liquid


through cuvette

in 950 400 open closed descaling liquid intake


from pipette

Complete:
Cycles Stroke Pump Speed V1 V2 Comment
volume µl/sec intake bypass
µl

out 158 100 closed closed run descaling liquid


6 through cuvette

pause 600 seconds pause

3 Entire clean sequence

2.4 Measuring System/IFU Theory


General
The Interferometer (IFU) in the MilkoScreen produces interferograms of the
sample in the cuvette. For prediction of the results the interferograms are in the
processor system sent through the FTIR (Fast Fourier Transformation-Infra Red)
mathematics where the interferograms are transformed to full single-beam spectra
covering the IR-wave range from app. 2µm to 11µm.

Fourier Transformation is named after Joseph Fourier (1768 – 1830). Fourier


Transformation can – in rough terms - be described as a mathematical method
that decomposes a function (the Interferogram) into a continuous spectrum of its
frequency components.

A Spectrum (single-beam) can be explained as a curve that describes the level


of energy at any given wavelength in the range covered. In other words, it
describes how much energy was absorbed by the constituents of the sample at
any given wavelength.

2:6 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

The word Interferogram comes from Interference. Interference occurs when


two or more wave signals are mixed, here electromagnetic signals. In the
MilkoScreen Interferometer two different Interferograms are created: The IR-
Interferogram and the Laser Interferogram.

2.4.1 The Interferometer System


The Interferometer Unit in the MilkoScreen is a Michelson-type interferometer.

The Michelson interferometer, the most common configuration for optical


interferometry was invented by Albert Abraham Michelson around 1880. An
interference pattern is produced by splitting a beam of light into two paths,
bouncing the beams back and recombining them.

Detector Mirror
IR-Detector

Cuvette

Laser Diode

Laser Beam A
Beam Splitter
Source Mirror 50 %
50 %
IR-Beam
Moving Mirror
on Linear Motor
IR-Source

Laser
Detector Adjustable
Mirror

Fig. 5

IR Source
The IR Source has a pig-tail filament that heat up to app. 800 deg. The Source
Voltage is app. 1.05 V and the current is app. 1.90 A, resulting in a Source power
of app. 2 W.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:7


MilkoScreen™

Fig. 6
A non-adjustable semi-spherical mirror directs the IR-Energy as a parallel energy
beam into the Interferometer.

Beam Splitter
The beam Splitter is a special optical component: When a beam hits the Beam
Splitter, 50 % of the energy is reflected while the other 50 % is passed through.
Thereby two beams of identical wavelength and phase are created.
In the Interferometer two beams, the IR beam and the Laser beam are found. Each
of these two beams are in the Beam Splitter split into two beams. Only when the
two IR beams or the two Laser beams are landing on their respective detectors
while overlapping each other will the condition for creating interference and hence
an interferogram be present.

IR Detector
The IR Detector can be described as a highly sensitive thermometer. The IR-energy
in the IFU can, in popular terms be described as heat energy. So, when a sample is
scanned, the detector records the energy (temperature) pattern across the wave
range of the IR- beam. At certain wavelengths, the constituents of the sample (fat,
SNF, Protein etc.) absorb energy. Thereby the energy (temperature) pattern across
the wave range is changed. These energy changes are picked up by the detector and
they are therefore reflected in the Interferogram of the sample, later on created in
the IR Detector. By means of Fast Fourier Transformation and calibration
mathematics the energy changes are quantified and displayed as % Fat, % Protein
etc.
The nature of the detector being a sensitive thermometer indicates that it is also
sensitive to changes in surrounding temperatures. The detector is not stabilized, but
compensation for changing ambient temperatures are built into the component
calibration mathematics.
The IR Detector sits on the Detector PCB in the Detector Unit. A gold plated
mirror below it focuses the energy coming from the Cuvette on the detector
surface.
The mirror is not adjustable, however the Detector PCB with the detector on it,
must be adjusted to find the optimal focus point from the mirror.

Laser Diode
The laser diode radiates a beam of app. 850 nm wavelength. The wavelength is
temperature sensitive, however a regulation instead controls the speed of the Linear
Motor so that the wavelength of the Laser Interferogram is always 1200 Hz.
850 nm is not in the range visible to the human eye. Therefore special devices must
be used when adjusting the laser beam.
The Laser Diode itself is not adjustable.

2:8 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

A Laser is a device which creates light or other electromagnetic radiation with


unique properties by means of quantum-mechanic effects. Laser means Light
Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. The radiation from an ideal
Laser has three unique properties: It has one single specific wavelength, all
waves move in precisely the same direction (instead of a cone-shaped beam, it
makes a thin straight beam) and finally all waves travel in phase.

Laser Detector
The Laser Detector is mounted on a small PCB placed in front of the laser exit hole
on the side of the Interferometer.

Fig. 7
With the screws lose, the PCB can be moved a little sideways in order to find the
maximum Laser Signal.
The Laser signal or Laser Interferogram is a 1200 Hz sine wave signal. It is used to
monitor the movement of the Linear Motor and to trigger the AD converter that
converts the IR Interferogram to digital values.

Linear Motor
The Linear Motor moves the Moving Mirror back and forth in a completely
parallel manner.
The mirror is mounted at the end of a rod with two strong magnets mounted on it.
The rod hangs in two leaf-springs that allow it to move in a parallel manner.
The rod moves in a cylinder with two sets of coils around it: Two Drive Coils and
two Feed-Back coils. The speed of the movement and the travel length can be
regulated by the electronics.
The motor moves in two patterns; a measure pattern of app. 0.5 mm travel and a
stand by pattern of 2 mm travel.

Drive and Feed-


Back Coils

Mirror
Ring
Magnets

Fig. 8
The Interferometer is suspended in shock absorbing mounts so that smaller
vibrations do not disturb the uniformity of the travel of the mirror.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:9


MilkoScreen™

Adjustable Mirror
The Adjustable Mirror is mounted on a ring designed to keep the mirror in place
without losing the adjustment, also during rough vibrations, like transport.

M10 hole for


Mirror adjustment
rod

Fig. 9
The ring has a threaded hole in the rear side that allows an adjustment rod in the
IFU Adjustment Rig to be mounted.

2.4.2 Interferometer Theory


See the IFU Diagram above

General
In all IR-based Foss analysers the purpose of the measuring system has been to
detect the specific level of IR energy at relevant wave lengths. In earlier
instruments the information was found by means of discrete IR-filters tuned to the
desired wavelength, each of them significant to a specific constituent in the sample
material. This gave an IR system with many moving parts that was in-flexible
because it was locked to using only the wavelengths for which filters were present.
With the development of processors, the computer power needed to perform Fast
Fourier Transformation in a short time became available. With this technology, it
became possible, quickly to convert Interferograms collected by an Interferometer
into single beam spectra. The spectra contain information about the signal level at
any wavelength in the analysed range.
The MilkoScreen has a new generation of interferometer that is special by its small
size. Like other Foss interferometers it is a Michelson-type interferometer.

The Laser Interferogram


The Laser Detector is mounted on a small PCB on the side of the IFU.
When the laser beam meets the Beam Splitter, the signal is divided into two
signals:
One signal is reflected and goes to the Moveable Mirror from where it returns,
passes through the Beam Splitter and lands on the Laser Detector. Part of that
signal is reflected by the Beam Splitter and disappears into the Laser.
The other signal passes through the Beam Splitter and meets the Fixed Mirror.
From here it is also reflected back to the Beam Splitter, which reflects it into the
Laser Detector. Part of it continues through the Beam Splitter and disappears.
The Moveable Mirror travels back and forth. The travelling distance is
mechanically max. 2 mm. In the MilkoScreen however, during measurement, the
motor is controlled to move app. 0.50 mm.
The nominal Laser wavelength (λ = Lambda) is 850 nm. The signal reflected from
the Moveable Mirror will, on the surface of the Laser Detector move from an in-
phase situation to an out-of-phase situation together with the movement of the

2:10 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

mirror – in relation to the signal reflected from the Fixed mirror. The in-phase
situation gives a maximum input to the detector because the two signals add up.
Hence the output will be at maximum. In the out-of-phase situation the two signals
cancel out each other resulting in zero input to the detector and hence zero output.
Through the movement of the mirror the output from the detector will in this
manner go from zero to max to zero – and so on. The output will be a sine wave
signal. This signal is the Laser Interferogram.
Because the sine-wave Laser Interferogram goes from min. to max to min etc. with
the movement of the mirror, the sine wave can be used to keep track of the distance
the mirror travels. Here we have to remember that the beam travels from the Beam
Splitter to the Moveable Mirror and back, i.e. it travels the distance twice. This
means that when the mirror has moved ¼ λ = 212.5 nm, the travel of the beam has
increased by ½ λ. This again means that on the Laser Detector, the phase between
the two signals has shifted 180°. The output from the Laser Detector will have
moved from min. to max – or vice versa.
The Moveable Mirror continues its travel, and the Laser Interferogram sine wave
reaches a new min. and max with each ¼ λ (212.5 nm) travel of the mirror.
The result is a sine wave with a frequency that depends on the speed of the mirror
and the wavelength of the laser. In MilkoScreen the combination of Laser
wavelength and mirror speed gives a Laser Interferogram frequency of 1200 Hz.

Laser Interferogram, 1200 Hz

Zero-Crossing signal, 2400Hz

Trigger points

Fig. 10
From this signal, a comparator makes a zero-crossing-square-wave-signal of the
same frequency, where each pulse is defining when the mirror has moved another
¼ λ.
The trigger points, come at a frequency of 2400 Hz. These points (pulses) are used
to trigger the A/D converter that converts the IR-Interferogram to digital form.
Further, the distance (in time) from point to point shows if the mirror movement is
uniform. Finally, by counting the pulses from the end stop, the position of the
mirror can be determined.

The IR-Interferogram
In the Interferometer, the IR-signal follows the same rules as the Laser signal
before it reaches the IR-Detector where the Interferogram is formed. However, the
IR-signal is composed not by a single wavelength but by all the wavelengths that
the source radiates. Therefore the IR-Interferogram is not a single sine wave but
composed by all the sine-wave components that go into the IR signal. The wave-
range where relevant information fort milk analysis is found is app. 2-11 µm.
The IR beam from the source is reflected by the parabolic Source Mirror towards
the beam splitter. The beam splitter is of the type that reflects 50 % of the energy
and lets 50 % pass through.
The beam splitter splits the signal in two: One is reflected towards the Fixed Mirror
from where it is returned through the beam splitter and on to the IR-Detector. The
other passes through the beam splitter, is reflected by the Moveable Mirror, on the
return it is reflected by the beam splitter
Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:11
MilkoScreen™

In an IR-Interferometer where the signal carries more than one wavelength the
Fixed Mirror and the Moveable Mirror must be positioned in the following way: At
the midpoint of the travel of the Moveable Mirror the distance from the mirror
surface to the beam splitter (A) must be the same as the distance from surface of
the Fixed Mirror to the beam splitter (B).
At exactly this position, the travel distance for the two signals from IR source to
IR-Detector is the same. This means that at this position all signals, regardless of
wave length, will reach the IR-Detector in-phase. Being in-phase, the signals will
add up and form the IR-peak of the Interferogram.

IR-Interferogram
Centre-Peak
All signals in-phase

Fig. 11
When the mirror moves away from this situation, all the involved wave signals will
move randomly in and out of phase with each other. The result is the IR-
Interferogram as shown above. Please note that every point of the Interferogram
curve represents a sum, depending on the phase relations in this point, of all the IR-
wavelengths radiated by the IR-source. This means that every point carries
information about the individual energy levels at any of the wave lengths. Having
passed through the sample, this means that the Interferogram carries information
about absorptions constituents in the milk sample may have caused at any wave
length.
In the MilkoScreen 8 Interferograms are collected while the sample is slowly
pumped through the Cuvette. These Interferograms are averaged and by Fast
Fourier Transformation (FFT – see above) converted to a single beam spectrum
from which the absorptions or energy levels can be seen.

From Interferogram to Spectrum


Because the Laser Interferogram and the IR-Interferogram are derived from the
movement of the same mirror, they are synchronised with each other when they are
generated on the surface of the IR and Laser detectors.
However, the Laser Interferogram is 1200 Hz (making the zero-crossing trigger
pulses 2400Hz) against the much lower frequency of the IR-interferogram.
Therefore the two signals do not pass through the signal amplifiers and filters at the
same speed. This delays the IR Interferogram in relation to the trigger pulses.
In order to synchronise them again after amplification and filtering, a delay of the
trigger pulses is introduced.

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MilkoScreen™

IR-Interferogram sampling technique

IR-Interferogram Laser Detector Signal

A/DC sampling points at


every laser –zero-crossing

Fig. 12
By means of a dynamic IR-Gain adjustment system, the IR signal is at all times
amplified by a factor that ensures maximum signal height on the input to the AD-
converter, without the signal being cut.
In the processor system, the Fast Fourier Transformation mathematics transforms
the Interferogram into a single-beam spectrum.

7
8 10
8 .10
7
SINGLE-BEAM

7
6 10

sb 7
m 4 10

7
2 10

0 .10
5
0
200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Cm-1:
200 1000 2000 m 3000 4000 1300

5000 cm-1
µ: 10 5 3,3 2,5

Fig. 13
The single beam spectrum goes through a series of calculations in order to derive
the final result for the individual constituents.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:13


MilkoScreen™

From Single Beam Spectrum (SBS) to Result


• From a Zero Setting a Single Beam spectrum is recorded. Its wavelength axis
is corrected using the CO2 peak as reference. It is then stored (SBSzero).
• During app. 12 seconds, 420 µl sample is slowly pumped through the Cuvette.
In this period, 8 scannings are made, resulting in a SBS of the sample in the
Cuvette. Also here the wave length axis is corrected with CO2 as reference.
The corrected spectrum is stored. (SBSsample).
• The SBSsample is divided by SBSzero.3
Result: The Transmittance Spectrum.
• The following is now performed: -log10 Tranmittance Spectrum.
Result: Absorbance Spectrum – uncorrected
• The correction to be made is compensation for the actual space between the
Cuvette windows. This space can be different from one cuvette to another, and
further the space is increasing over time due to wear.
The cuvette space is determined by means of the SBSzero.
• Next: Absorbance Spectrum-uncorrected x Cuvette Space Correction.
Result: Absorbance Spectrum-corrected.
• The Absorbance Spectrum-corrected is the input to the prediction model
mathematics (PLS).
• The results generated by the PLS mathematics are Slope/Intercept corrected in
order to adapt to local references.
• The results are displayed.

PLS: Partial Least Squares regression. A statistical method that finds a linear
model describing some predicted variables in terms of other observed variables.
In a Foss calibration the “predicted variables” are the constituent values, the
“other observed variables” are the spectral information at each pin-number-
interval.
Slope/Intercept: Single Linear Regression model used in the MilkoScreen to
correct for differences between instrument results and local reference results.

2.5 Software Description


2.5.1 Main Structure
All important user and service operations of the MilkoScreen are controlled
entirely from the simple key pad on the front of the instrument.
Measuring results can be exported to the customer’s pc via an RS 232 port.
From the external pc, three single-letter commands can be sent to the instrument.
Measuring results can also be stored on the built-in SD card. On this card, also
service related data like Interferograms, Service Log and Trace file can be stored.
This data can be read in a pc with SD card reader.
For production and special test procedures, the instrument can be accessed via the
RS 232 serial port. Certain parts of the software can be accessed via an internal IP
address and a PPP connection. These sections are not relevant for service purposes.

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MilkoScreen™

IndiFOSS MilkoScreen Customer’s Payment System

RS232 RS232
Display

PPP
Test PC
Keypad RS232
TCP-IP

SD-card

Fig. 14

Fig. 15 Instrument Software Block Diagram


SD Card File Structure
• The SD-card is used for storing
• The Prediction Model Container (SAFIR.PMC)
• A license key (<serial number>.txt, e. g. 91XXXXXXXXX)
• In a directory named after the serial number (e.g. 91XXXXXXXXX)
• The service log (SERVICE.LOG).
• The result log (RESULT.LOG) if enabled.
• Interferometer scan files (nnnnnn.IFG, where nnnnnn is the absolute
sample number)
• A trace file (TRACE.txt) if enabled.
• Fatal error trace files (ASSERT.nnn)
Further, if the SD card has been used for updating the embedded software, a
SAFIR.fof file.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:15


MilkoScreen™

SD card
Example:

Fig. 16

2.5.2 Exporting Result Using the Serial Port


Export of results via the serial port must be activated in the MilkoScreen software.
Log in as Administrator and go to Results export.

Fig. 17
Serial Export is here Off; set it to On.

Port Set-up
Set the Baud rate to match the pc serial port.
Other port settings are default: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.

Export Details
The RS 232 serial connection is mainly made for export of results to a suitable,
locally designed program on the customer pc. It also, however allows three
commands to be sent from the PC to the MilkoScreen.
The system can be tested by using for example the program TeraTerm that can be
downloaded from the internet. TeraTerm will also be made available from the
FOSS Intranet, Internal Knowledge, Customer Support Tool Box, Software.

Data Format
Measurement results are sent on one line in a comma-separated format, as shown
below:

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 18
The following is an example with a measurement error:
09:26:28 25-04-2013,4, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,AIR_IN_CUVETTE
The instrument will repeat sending the most recent set of results every two seconds.

Remote Commands
The external computer system can send three single-letter commands to the
instrument:
Command Function

T Clears the instrument’s result display and clears the measurement


result line sent over the serial interface to:
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00,0.00,,,,,,,

Z Resets the instrument’s “samples-in-current-shift” counter

Pxxxx Sets the administrator’s password to xxxx. E.g. sending “P1234” will
change the administrator’s password to 1234.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 2:17


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3 Installation
3.1 Site Preparation
Use a stable table
Vibrations and shocks will disturb the function of the Interferometer and hence the
measurements of the MilkoScreen. Therefore it is very important that the
instrument is placed on a stable table.

Temperature
The MilkoScreen is designed for ambient temperatures from 5 ºC to 40 ºC.
Maximum stability will be obtained if direct sunlight is avoided.

Dust
Protect the MilkoScreen against excessive dust and dirt.

Power Supply
The MilkoScreen runs on 12 V DC (Range from 10.5V to 13.5 V).
An external 12 V Power Supply is supplied with the instrument.
Input 100 – 240 VAC, 50/60Hz.

3.2 Installation
See the User Manual.

3.3 Start-up Instruction


See the User Manual.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 3:1


MilkoScreen™

3:2 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

4 Service and Maintenance


4.1 Service Tools
Available from FOSS

• Cuvette Mounting Tool. P/N 60054882 - Assembly tool for metal cuvette
• Used for repairing the cuvette. See section 4.13.

Fig. 19

• Pressure Test adapter for Back Pressure Valve. P/N 60058227 - Pressure test
tool
• Used with Fluke PV 350 for back pressure check. See section 4.25.

Fig. 20

• Sleeve (Gasket) Mounting Tool P/N: 60054821- Sealing ring assy


• Used for mounting the gasket on piston. See section 4.4.3.

Fig. 21

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:1


MilkoScreen™

• Sleeve Shaping Tool. P/N: 60054785 - Sealing ring part 4


• Used for shaping the piston gasket. See section 4.4.3.

Fig. 22
• Emergency Kit for cleaning of Flow System (P/N: 60057465).
• Used for unblocking flow system. See User Instruction 60058444 -Emergency
Clean

Fig. 23
• 10 ml plastic Measuring Cylinder (P/N: 240986).
• Used for Flow System Check. See section 0.
• IFU Adjustment rig. (P/N: 60056988).
• Used for adjusting the interferometer. See section 4.24.

Fig. 24

Source Locally
• 1.3 mm Allen key for Pump Piston/Spindle
• Torx T 10 bit
• Torx T 20 bit
• Torx T 25 bit
• Standard mm Allen key set
• PC with SD card reader and serial port (or USB - Serial adapter)
• Fluke PV 350 Pressure Module
• Torque screwdriver adjustable from 20 – 120 cNm. For example Torque
Leader, article 016040, Quickset Minor, 20 – 120 cNm
• 2 Nm torque screwdriver
• Sharp knife (cutter)

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MilkoScreen™

4.2 Removing the Instrument Cabinet


The cabinet is fastened to the rest of the instrument by means of four Allen M5
screws from the back and two from the underside.

4.2.1 Procedure
1. Remove the power cord
2. Lock the interferometer by pushing the transport handle to the horizontal
position.
3. Remove the six M5 Allen screws.
4. Pull the cabinet backwards away from the front frame.

Push Transport
Handle to locked

Fig. 25
Note: When reassembling tight screws to 1 Nm.

4.3 Removing the Front Cabinet


4.3.1 Procedure
1. Remove the instrument cabinet as described on 4.2.
2. Remove five Torx 25 screws as shown on Fig. 26.

Fig. 26
Note: When reassembling tight screws to 1.5 Nm

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:3


MilkoScreen™

4.4 Dismantling the Pipette/Pump System

Fig. 27

4.4.1 Procedure
Before the Pump can be disassembled, the piston must be at the bottom end of the
pump (glass) cylinder. The easiest is to arrange that from the Service Menu.
It can, however also be done manually. See later in this chapter.
To do so, switch power on the instrument and:
1. Enter Service mode and go to Pump andValves

Fig. 28
2. Push the down-arrow until the piston is close to the bottom end of the cylinder.
3. Switch off the power.

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 29
4. By means of a 2.5 mm Allen key, unscrew and remove the Allen screw
fastening the piston to the motor spindle.
5. Now, push the piston away from the spindle and up into the cylinder.
6. Disconnect the tubes connected to the Manifold for Piston Pump Assy
7. Unscrew the Allen screw and take out the Pipette and Pump cylinder with
piston.

Manual Procedure
If the instrument cannot be powered up, and the Service Menu cannot be accessed,
use the following method:
1. Remove the cabinet.
2. Unscrew and remove the 2 mm Allen screw by means of the 1.3 mm Allen
key.
3. The piston is now separated from the spindle. The spindle has, in the other end
a hexagonal recession for an 1.3 mm key. Use the 1.3 mm key to turn the
spindle down, away from the piston.

Fig. 30
4. Now unscrew the Allen screw in the black manifold above the glass cylinder
and take out the Pump system.

4.4.2 Replacing the Pump (glass) Cylinder Assembly


General
A separate glass cylinder (Fig. 31, pos 1) is fastened to the Pump Manifold by
means of a Glass Mount (Fig. 31, pos 2). The sealing against the manifold is made
by means of an o-ring (Fig. 31, pos 3).

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:5


MilkoScreen™

The glass cylinder assembly may be replaced, without replacing the piston
gasket/o-ring. If, however, the piston has moved over a crack in the glass, the
gasket/o-ring must also be replaced.

1 2 3

Fig. 31

4.4.3 Replacing the Piston Gasket


General
The nylon sleeve (gasket) is placed in a grove in the top of the piston. An o-ring
(green), also mounted in the grove, presses the sleeve against the glass cylinder
wall. The sleeve can only be mounted in the grove by means of a special tool
(Sleeve Mounting Tool). Further, before a piston with a new sleeve can be pushed
into the glass cylinder, it must be shaped to conical shape by means of another
special tool (Sleeve Shaping Tool).

Caution
Without being shaped in the tool, a new gasket will be
damaged if it is attempted to be mounted in a glass cylinder.

Manifold Piston
Glass Green
Mount with
O-ring Cylinder o-ring groove
O-ring
Sleeve

Fig. 32

Special Tools Needed


• Sharp knife (cutter)
• Sleeve (Gasket) Mounting Tool P/N: 660054821
• Sleeve Shaping Tool P/N: 60054785

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MilkoScreen™

Procedure
1. Take out the old piston by following the procedure in 4.4.1.
2. Remove the old sleeve by cutting it lengthwise by means of a very sharp cutter.

Caution
Be very careful not to damage/cut the piston itself.

Fig. 33
3. Pull off the old sleeve and, by means of a needle, take off the o-ring.
4. Mount the new o-ring in the grove.
5. Press the new sleeve on to the cone-part of the Sleeve Mounting tool as far as
shown on the picture. Use your finger nail.

Fig. 34
6. Push the cone into the split end of the tool as shown in Fig. 35.

Fig. 35
7. Place the top of the piston in the cup-end of the cone.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:7


MilkoScreen™

8. Place the tool upright on the table in front of you. With a finger against the top,
press the cone into the tool. The sleeve will now be pushed over the top of the
piston and be placed around the o-ring.
9. From the bottom end of the tool, with a suitable Allen key, push out the cone.
10. The new sleeve must now be shaped in the Shaping Tool.
The diameter of the hole in the Shaping Tool is smallest inside, at the centre of
the tool. Hence, the holes are conical from the outside to the centre.
11. First dip the sleeve-end of the piston in a glass of water for lubrication. Then
push it through the tool and pull it back out ten times. In this way the sleeve is
given a conical shape that will fit into the glass cylinder.

Fig. 36
12. Wet the piston before you carefully push it into the glass cylinder.

Caution
Make sure to line the piston rod up with the cylinder before it is
pushed in. Otherwise the sleeve may be pushed out of its
groove in the piston and destroyed. Move it up and down in the
cylinder to make sure it sits correctly.
13. Place the o-ring in the glass mount
14. Place the Glass Cylinder inside the Glass Mount. The glass has different
chamfer in each end. Make sure to place the cylinder as shown on Fig. 37 and
with the o-ring end upwards.

Fig. 37
15. Attach the pump assembly to the Pump Manifold by means of two M3x10 mm
screws. . Make sure the inspection window is outwards.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
16. Reinstall the Pump Manifold in to the instrument by means of one M3 Allen
screw.
Note: Tight screw to 0.6 Nm.
17. Lift motor spindle, centring the screw hole for the Allen screw. Press down the
piston over the spindle. Align the holes in spindle and piston. Insert and, using
a 1.3 mm Allen key, screw in the Allen screw.

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MilkoScreen™

18. Connect the tubes and switch on the power. Test the flow system (See section
4.25).

4.5 Replacing the Control PCB


4.5.1 General
On the Control PCB the processor circuit and memory is found. Also analogue
functions, like valve drivers etc are placed here, together with the SD card reader,
power system and serial (RS232) communication.
The PCB is from the factory programmed with the Serial Number also found on the
label on the rear of the instrument.
The customer's licenses for the Prediction Model Packages he has purchased are
linked to this Serial Number.
The effect of this is that when a new Control PCB is mounted, the instrument Serial
Number is changed to the one in the new PCB. Therefore, a new Control PCB is
always delivered together with two new Serial Number Labels that must placed on
top of the old ones on the rear of the instrument cabinet and the right hand side of
the chassis.
With a new Control PCB, the instrument will no longer measure according to the
existing licenses.
Therefore, a new licence code must be obtained from the IndiFoss Main office.
The new licence must be entered into the instrument, either manually or via the SD
card reader.
Check that the newest version of embedded software is downloaded. (SAFIR.fof)
See Software Maintenance (section 5).

4.5.2 Replacement Procedure


1. Switch off power.
2. Move the transport handle to the locked position and remove the cabinet. See
section 4.2.
3. Place the instrument on the right side. Remove the eight Allen screws holding
the PCB to the bottom, and the two 4.5mm nuts holding the 9-pin D-connector
(RS 232) plug to the rear chassis.
4. Cut the cable strip holding the Interferometer cable to the upper side of the
chassis. This makes it easier to remove and re-mount plug 3.

Fig. 38
5. Tilt down the PCB making the plugs accessible.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:9


MilkoScreen™

6. Carefully remove the plugs 1 (Display) and 2 (Detector). Pull down the cable
for plug 3 (Interferometer) and remove the plug. Remove the three remaining
plugs:
• JP7 = V2
• JP8 = V1
• JP9 = Pump Motor

2 Pump
V1
3 V2

Fig. 39
7. On old PCB’s:
• JP 8 = V2
• JP 9 = V1
• JP 10 = Pump Motor
8. Mount the new Control PCB.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm
9. Pull up the Interferometer cable to its original position and fasten it by means
of a cable strip. Make sure it cannot block the free movement of the
Interferometer.
10. The instrument now has a new serial number. Note down the old and the new
numbers for update of instrument files.
11. Two Serial Number labels came with the new PCB; place one on top of the old
label on the rear of the cabinet, and the other on top of the old label on the right
side of the chassis.

4.5.3 Update the License and PMC File


General
The new Control PCB has a new serial number that is now the instrument’s serial
number. Therefore the old license will not work anymore. A new license generated
from the new serial number must be obtained from the IndiFoss Head Office. To
obtain a new license, follow this procedure:

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MilkoScreen™

1. From the Type Number label on the back of the cabinet, read the instrument’s
serial number. On newer instruments, a similar label is found on the right hand
side of the chassis. Further, the serial number can be read from a label on the
old Control PCB. On functioning instruments, the serial number can be read
from the Information menu.
2. Inform this number to the IndiFoss main office by phone or by mail.
3. Using the FOSS Weblicense site (see chapter 4.23.3), the main office can from
the old serial number see what Prediction Packages were purchased for the
instrument.
From this, a new license opening for the same Prediction Packages is
generated.
4. The Weblicense site will download the new license code to a file or display it
for manual recording. A license code file can be stored directly on an SD-card
that can be read by the MilkoScreen or it can be mailed to the location where it
is needed. It can also be informed via telephone and keyed into the instrument
manually.
5. When entered manually, the instrument will measure exactly as it did with the
old Control PCB.
6. If an SD card or file is used, it is recommended, at the same time to update the
instruments Prediction Model file (PMC-file) to the latest version. This file can
be downloaded from the Weblicense site together with the new license code.
With the latest PMC-file, the instrument is prepared in case the customer wants
to use a newer prediction model or purchase a newer Parameter Package.
7. At the repair site, copy the license code file, and, if available also the PMC-file
to the SD card:

Fig. 40
8. Other data as well as older license and PMC files on the SD card is ok.
9. Place the SD card in the new Control PCB. On the instrument browse to
Administrator and log in.
10. Browse to Prediction Model, push OK and browse to License Keys.
Here, the following options appear:

Fig. 41
11. Chose Read license key and allow the download of the new license to complete
12. Note that the option Enter license key allows manual entry of the new key in
case it is informed via telephone.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:11


MilkoScreen™

13. Using the SD card, while still in Administrator, go to Prediction Model, push
OK and select Load Newest. The newest PMC file is now downloaded from
the SD card.
Note: All new versions of PMC files also include all previous
models.
14. The MilkoScreen is now ready for use.

4.6 Replacing the IFU Control PCB


General
The IFU Control PCB is mounted on the rear side of the Interferometer. To access
it, remove the cabinet. The PCB is connected to the rest of the electronics via a 20-
pin plug and cable and ten soldered connections: IR Source Power, Laser Diode,
Laser Detector and Linear Motor power and feed-back.

4.6.1 Adjustments/Software
The IFU Control PCB is an analogue PCB. It requires no adjustments and has no
software.

4.6.2 Procedure
1. Switch off the power.
2. Remove the cabinet as described on section see 4.2.
3. Push the Transport Handle locked (down).

Remove

Push Transport
Handle to locked

Fig. 42
4. Carefully remove the plug connected to JP1. Do not pull the wires: Use a small
screwdriver to pry each end loose (See Fig. 43).

Fig. 43

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MilkoScreen™

Unsolder the ten wirers

Fig. 44
Note: Observe the polarities (colours) of the wires for the
laser diode and detector.
Note: The IR Source power has no polarity.
5. The Linear Motor power and feed-back coils are connected like shown on Fig.
45, Fig. 46 and Fig. 47.

Drive Coil

Sense Coil

Fig. 45

Fig. 46

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:13


MilkoScreen™

Fig. 47
6. Unscrew six M3 Allen screws to remove the old PCB and then mount the new
PCB.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
7. Carefully re-solder the ten wires.

4.7 Replacing the Detector PCB


General
The Detector PCB is placed behind the orange cover on the side of the
Interferometer.

Fig. 48
The IR-Detector on the Detector PCB measures the IR-signal produced in the
Interferometer. Below the detector a fixed gold plated semi spherical mirror directs
the IR signal from the Interferometer up onto the detector surface.
The screw holes for the Detector PCB are oversize, allowing the PCB to be
adjusted sideways in order to be centred in relation to the signal from the gold
plated mirror.
When replaced, the new mirror has to be adjusted for maximum IR-Signal. This is
done by means of the instrument Service Program.

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MilkoScreen™

4.7.1 Replacing the PCB


1. Switch the power off.
2. Push the transport arm to locked position.
3. Push the In-Line Filter bracket down, remove the Torx 10 screw from the
centre and remove the orange cover.
4. Remove the two Allen 2.5mm screws and lift out the PCB. Be careful not to
touch the window of the IR Detector on the bottom side of the PCB.

Fig. 49
5. Cut the cable tie and carefully pull off the plug and cable.

4.7.2 Mounting and Adjusting a New Detector PCB


1. Mount the plug in the new PCB and fasten the cable with the cable tie that
came with the PCB. Make sure to place the bulky assembly catch of the tie on
top as shown on the picture.
2. Mount the PCB without tightening the screws; the PCB must be moveable
sideways.
3. Switch on the power and clip on the In-Line-Filter bracket.
4. If there is air in the cuvette, the detector may go in overload. If so, the IR
Pk/Pk signal will show 100 %.
Therefore, before the PCB is adjusted, make sure the cuvette is filled with zero
liquid:
Place a beaker with zero liquid under the pipette and start a Clean. The cuvette
is now filled with zero liquid.
5. Pressing the and the buttons at the same time while in the result display
brings up this screen. It shows real-time data from the function of the
Interferometer.

Fig. 50

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MilkoScreen™

6. Push the Detector PCB sideways in all four directions, step by step while
observing the IR Pk/Pk value. Allow a short settling time after a push for the
readings to stabilize. Locate the spot giving the highest signal.
Typical value range 30-60 % with most instruments around 40.
7. Tighten the screws. Observe if the signal falls while tightening; if so, redo the
adjustment.
Note: Tight Screws to 0.2 Nm.
8. Mount the orange cover making sure the cable fits into the channel in the
bottom of the Flow Manifold.
Note: Tight Screws to 0.3 Nm.

4.8 Replacing the Interferometer Unit


General
The Interferometer is available as a regular Spare Part as well as an Exchange Part.
For part numbers see the Spare Parts Manual.
It comes with the IFU PCB, IR-Source, Laser Diode and Laser Detector already
mounted. Note however, that it comes without Cuvette Flow Manifold/IR-Detector
PCB.
Typically the old Cuvette Flow Manifold/IR- Detector unit will be mounted on the
new Interferometer. Therefore the IR-Detector PCB must be adjusted to match the
new Interferometer. See section 4.7.2.
The Interferometer is the central part of the instrument. It is mounted in three soft
shock mounts that prevents vibrations from interfering with the function of the
unit. During transport, by means of the transport handle, the Interferometer is
locked against four rubber stoppers mounted above the unit.

4.8.1 Procedure
1. Switch off the power and remove the instrument cabinet as described on
section 4.2.
2. Push the transport handle to locked position. This holds the Interferometer in a
fixed position.

Remove

Push Transport
Handle to locked

Fig. 51
3. Carefully remove the plug connected to JP1. Do not pull the wires: Use a small
screwdriver to pry each end loose.

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 52
4. Remove the two ground wires on the top of the interferometer.

Fig. 53
5. Place the instrument on the right hand side and, through the three holes in the
Control PCB remove the three 3 mm Allen screws that fastens the
Interferometer to the soft shock mounts.

Fig. 54
6. Place the instrument in its upright position, and from the front take off the
Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector. Leave it hanging in the cable and the tubes.
7. Remove four 2.5 mm Allen screws holding the Ring for Cuvette as the detector
cable is attached to it.

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Fig. 55
Note: Be aware of springs, shown on Fig. 60.
8. The Interferometer is now ready to be taken out. So release the unit by lifting
the transport handle to unlocked.

Caution
Be very careful when handling the Interferometer. Especially be
aware of the very thin leads from the coils of the Linear Motor.

Linear
Motor

Fig. 56
9. Lift and edge the Interferometer out of the chassis, following the arrow. The
transport lock handle must be push down when the IFU is on the position
shown on Fig. 57 to allow the interferometer to be completely removed from
the chassis

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Fig. 57
10. Place the interferometer on the side on the unit and remove the three 2.5mm
Allen screws to release the cable Main Board to IFU

Fig. 58
11. Remove the Ring for Cuvette from the new interferometer and reattach the
detector cable into it
12. Replace interferometer and reconnect the cable (Main Board to IFU) and
secure it to the interferometer frame by means of three 2.5 Allen screws (and
washers)
13. When mounting the new Interferometer, make sure the Detector cable fits
under the unit on the right side of the left shock mount.

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 59
14. Slide in the new unit until the four groves in the top lines up with the four
rubber stoppers above. At this point, push down the transport handle to locked
position.
15. The Interferometer is now held in its correct position.
16. Reconnect the two ground wires o the top of the interferometer by means of
two 2.5mm Allen Screws
17. Release the transport handle and from the front end of the instrument mount
the Ring for Cuvette by means of four 2.5mm Allen screws.
Note: Make sure the spring marked 11 on Fig. 60 is in place.

Fig. 60
Note: Make sure the Dust Protection Membrane is
completely on the outside of the Ring.
18. Push down the transport handle to locked position again.
19. Mount the Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector from the front of the instrument.
Make sure the Detector Cable follows the guide channel in the bottom of the
Interferometer unit.
20. Place the instrument on the right hand side and mount the three screws for the
shock mounts through the holes in the PCB.

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21. Release the transport handle and make sure the Interferometer can move freely
and is not restricted by cables etc.
22. Switch on the power and allow the instrument to stabilize for 10 minutes
before adjusting the Detector PCB.

4.8.2 Adjustments
The Interferometer itself requires no adjustments or software.
The Detector PCB must however be adjusted in order to pick up maximum IR
energy from the new Interferometer. Follow the procedure in section 4.7.2.

4.8.3 Warm up Time


A MilkoScreen with a new Interferometer will, like any MilkoScreen, require app.
30 minutes warm-up time in order to reach full stability. A Start Up Test run too
early may fail.

4.9 Replacing the IR Source


General
The IR Source is mounted in the Interferometer. Therefore, in order to replace it,
the Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector Unit must be removed and the Interferometer
must be taken out of the instrument. Follow the procedure in section 4.8.

Fig. 61

4.9.1 Procedure
Note: The filament of the Source is very delicate. Do not touch
it with fingers. Do not push it so that the windings are bent.
The slightest mechanical stress on the filament may create
shorts that lead to malfunction.

Fig. 62

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1. Take out the Interferometer and place it on the table. See section 4.8.
2. Unsolder the leads from the PCB and loosen the wire straps.
3. Unscrew the two screws.
4. The Source Unit may stick in the housing. Loosen it by pushing the screw hole
sideways with the end of an Allen key.

Fig. 63
5. Lift out the Source.
6. Carefully slide in the new Source and mount the screws.
7. Solder the leads on to the PCB and fasten them with the straps.
8. Mount the Interferometer and reassemble the instrument. Switch on power.

4.9.2 Tests
1. Activate the Interferometer screen by pressing the and the buttons at
the same time. Check that the IR Pk/Pk value is above the lower limit.
Typically 30 – 60.

Fig. 64
2. If the IR Pk/Pk is too (very) low, check the Source Current - see chapter 4.16.
3. Run a Clean followed by a Start Up Test.
4. Run a Zero Setting.
5. The MilkoScreen is ready for use.

4.10 Replacing the Laser Diode


General
The Laser Diode is mounted in the Interferometer. Therefore, in order to replace it,
the Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector Unit must be removed and the Interferometer
must be taken out of the instrument.

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Fig. 65

4.10.1 Procedure
1. Take out the Interferometer and place it on the table. See section 4.8.

Fig. 66
2. Unsolder the red and black lead from the PCB. Note the polarity.
3. By means of a 1.3 mm Allen key, loosen the Laser Diode and pull it out.
4. Mount the new one and solder the leads on to the PCB observing the polarity.

4.10.2 Adjustments
Replacing the Laser Diode requires no adjustments.

4.10.3 Tests
1. Activate the Interferometer screen by pressing the and the buttons at
the same time. Check that the Laser AC value is above the lower limit.
Typically 900 – 1700.

Fig. 67
2. Run a Clean followed by a Start Up Test.
3. Run a Zero Setting.
4. The MilkoScreen is ready for use.

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MilkoScreen™

4.11 Replacing the Laser Detector


General
The Laser Detector is mounted in the Interferometer. Therefore, in order to replace
it, the Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector Unit must be removed and the
Interferometer must be taken out of the instrument.

Fig. 68

4.11.1 Procedure
1. Take out the Interferometer and place it on the table. See 4.8 Replacing the
Interferometer Unit.
2. Unsolder the red and black lead from the PCB. Note the polarity.
3. Remove the two Allen screws and take out the PCB and detector.
4. Mount the new one and solder the leads on to the PCB observing the polarity.

Fig. 69

4.11.2 Adjustments
Replacing the Laser Detector requires no adjustments.

4.11.3 Tests
1. Activate the Interferometer screen by pressing the and the buttons at
the same time. Check that the Laser AC value is above the lower limit.
Typically 900 – 1700.

Fig. 70

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2. Run a Clean followed by a Start Up Test.


3. Run a Zero Setting.
4. The MilkoScreen is ready for use.

4.12 Replacing the Cuvette


General
The Cuvette is mounted on the Cuvette Flow Manifold, so in order to replace the
Cuvette, this unit must be taken out.

4.12.1 Procedure
1. Push down the transport handle in order to lock the Interferometer.
2. Unscrew the Cuvette Flow Manifold and dismount the Cuvette.

Fig. 71
3. Pay attention to the two small o-rings. It is important that they sit correctly in
the Cuvette. Otherwise liquid will flow into the Detector unit and this may
destroy the IR-detector chip.
The situation shown here often happens; one – or both – o'rings stick unnoticed
to the manifold and may fall off and disappear.

Fig. 72
4. Mount the new Cuvette on the manifold.
5. Mount the Detector Unit in the instrument taking care that the cable at the
bottom follows its groove in the Interferometer.

4.13 Repair of Cuvette


General
The Cuvette sits in the Detector Unit, next to the gold plated detector mirror and
the Detector PCB. It is therefore very important that the Cuvette has no leaks and,
even worse, cracks. Liquid in the Detector Unit may damage the mirror and/or the
Detector PCB.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:25


MilkoScreen™

It is therefore utmost important to observe a high degree of cleanliness as well as to


follow the rules regarding mechanical assembly; especially observing the specified
torques when tightening the screws.
In order to ensure correct line up of the flow holes in the metal part, the cuvette
window and the spacer, the special Cuvette Assembly Tool must be used.

Special tools needed


• Cuvette Assembly Tool. Available from FOSS on P/N 60054882.
• Torque screw driver adjustable for 0.3 and 0.6 Nm. For example Torque
Leader, article 016040, Quickset Minor, 20 – 120 cNm.
• Standard mm Allen keys.

4.13.1 Procedure
Cuvette Parts

Upper window
Window with

50 µmSpaser
Bottom Part

Top Part
Gasket

O-ring
holes

Fig. 73

Cuvette Assembly Tool

Soft and flexible


guide pins

Assembly screws

Fig. 74

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1. First, clean the Bottom Part carefully.


Place the Bottom Part leading the Guide Pins through the flow holes.
Look through the five holes at the arrows to make sure the holes in the Bottom
Part are lined up with the holes in the tool.

Fig. 75
2. Place the flat gasket over the Guide Pins.

Fig. 76

Caution
Only touch the window on the edge.
3. Clean the window with holes and place it carefully with the Guide Pins through
the holes.

Fig. 77
4. Place the 50 µm spacer over the pins and line it up to ensure that the flow
through the holes is not in any way restricted.

Fig. 78

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5. Clean the Upper Window and place it on top – without changing the position
of the spacer.

Fig. 79
6. Place the O-ring in the track of the Top Parton. A little water in the track will
help “glue” the O-ring in place.

Fig. 80
7. Line all the screw holes in the Top Part up with the corresponding holes in the
Bottom Part and lower it over the two windows – without changing the
alignment.

Fig. 81
8. Fasten the Top Part by means of the Assembly Screws. In this way the
sandwich is held together and the tool can be turned over in order to allow the
three screws to be mounted.

Fig. 82

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9. It is utmost important that the spacer is centred in relation to the flow holes.
Therefore, check this before the three screws are mounted. Look for the flow
holes (guide pins at the arrows) and the edge of the spacer – green dot-line.

Fig. 83
10. Mount the three screws in the following order:
• Mount the screws without tightening.
• Tighten the screws with 0.3 Nm.
• Then tighten them with 0.6 Nm.

Fig. 84
11. The repaired Cuvette is ready for use.

4.14 Repair of Back Pressure Valve


General
The Back Pressure Valve is mounted on the Cuvette Flow Manifold. It maintains a
pressure of 1.5 bar in the Cuvette and Flow System. This is very important in order
to avoid air bubbles from forming in the cuvette. Air bubbles severely scatter the
IR energy passing through the sample, resulting in unstable readings.
The Back Pressure Valve in the MilkoScreen is not adjustable.

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 85

4.14.1 Replacing Back Pressure Valve Spring and


Membrane
1. From the front, remove the two Allen screws and take out the Cuvette Flow
Manifold.
2. Unscrew the Back Pressure valve cover and take out the spring, washer and
membrane.

Membrane
Cover with washer

Spring

Seat

Fig. 86
3. Inspect and clean the seat.
4. Place the membrane with washer on the seat. Place the spring on the washer
and mount the cover.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
5. Re-mount the Cuvette Flow Manifold and run two clean procedures in order to
fill up the flow system.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
6. Check the stability of the 1.5 bar pressure: See section 4.25 Back Pressure
Valve Check.

4.15 Replacing Dust Protection Membrane


1. Remove the instrument cabinet as described on section 4.2.
2. Remove the Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector.

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3. Push the In-Line Filter bracket down, remove the Torx 20 screw from the
centre of the detector unit and remove the orange cover.
4. Cut the cable tie and carefully pull off the plug and cable

Fig. 87
5. Remove the front cabinet as described on section 4.3
6. Remove old membrane
7. Membrane is self adhesive. Attach it to the cabinet making sure the holes
matches with the three guide pins.

Fig. 88
8. Pass the detector cable through the opening

Fig. 89

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MilkoScreen™

9. Reassemble front cover


10. Release lock handle and make sure the membrane is completely on the outside
of the cuvette ring.
11. Lock interferometer again
12. Reconnect detector cable and attach cable to PCB by means of a cable tie
13. Mount the Cuvette Flow Manifold/Detector
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
14. If detector PCB has been moved in order to fit new cable tie. IR peak has to be
readjusted as described on 4.7.2.
15. Reassemble detector orange cover.
Note: Tight screws to 0.3 Nm.
16. Reassemble instrument cabinet. See 4.2.

4.16 Replacing Push Button Overlay Membrane


1. Remove the instrument cabinet as described on section 4.2.
2. Carefully disconnect the ribbon cable from the Display PCB, push the two lock
tabs open and then the cable can be pulled out.
3. Using a sharp knife peel the old Overlay Membrane off from the cabinet. See
Fig. 90.

Fig. 90
4. Pass the cable through the opening and attach the overlay to the cabinet, it is
self adhesive.
5. Reconnect the cable to the PCB.
6. Reassemble instrument cabinet.

4.17 Replacing Inner lid and Detector Mirror


General
If the conductive coating on the Inner Lid is damaged, or the thread for the Outer
Lid screw is damaged, or the four Mirror Screws are damaged or cracked, the Inner
Lid must be replaced.

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4.17.1 Dismounting Inner Lid


The Inner Lid is mounted on the Cuvette Flow Manifold. Therefore, in order to
replace the Inner Lid, this manifold must be taken out. Also, the Detector PCB
must be taken off the top of the Inner Lid. See section 4.7
1. With the Cuvette out, the screws (Torx 10) for the Inner Lid can be reached.

Fig. 91
2. Unscrew the two screws and take off the Inner Lid.
3. Inspect the mirror and replace if damaged.

Fig. 92

Caution
Be sure not to touch or otherwise make the mirror surface dirty.
The Mirror must not be polished.
If undamaged, the Mirror should be transferred from the old to the new Inner
Lid. If coating or screw holes are damaged, the mirror should be replaced.
Note: Tight mirror screws to 0.3 Nm.
4. Mount detector PCB back in the inner lid.
Note: Tight screws to 0.2 Nm.
5. Assemble the inner lid into the Cuvette Flow Manifold.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
6. Reassemble Cuvette Flow Manifold.
Note: Tight screws to 0.6 Nm.
7. Reassemble detector orange cover.
Note: Tight screws to 0.3 Nm.

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MilkoScreen™

4.18 Replacing Display PCB


1. Remove the instrument cabinet as described on section 4.2.
2. Carefully disconnect the ribbon cable from the Push Button Overlay, push the
two lock tabs open and then the cable can be pulled out .
3. Carefully disconnect the cable going to the control PCB by using a small
screwdriver to pry each end loose, as shown on Fig. 93.
4. Remove four Torx T10 screws releasing the PCB.
5. Reassemble in reverse order.
Note: Tight screws to 0.2 Nm.

Fig. 93

4.19 Replacing Pinch Valves


1. Release the tube from the valve to be replaced.
2. Remove the instrument cabinet as described on section 4.2.
3. Disconnect the cables from the valve to be replaced.
Note: The two valves are not identical as one is normally
closed and the other is normally open
4. Remove the two Torx T10 screws shown in Fig. 94 releasing the valve.
5. Reassemble in reverse order.
Note: Tight screws to 0.3 Nm.

4:34 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


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Fig. 94

4.20 Replacing and adjusting Motor Assembly


1. Disconnect the motor spindle from the piston as described on 4.4.1.
2. Remove instrument cabinet as described on section 4.2.
3. Disconnect the motor cable from the control PCB.
4. Put the instrument on its side and remove two screws releasing the motor.

Fig. 95
5. Replace the motor but leave screws a little loose.
6. Align the spindle in the centre of the Front Cover hole.
7. Lift motor spindle, centring the screw hole for the Allen screw. Press down the
piston over the spindle. Align the holes in spindle and piston. Insert and, using
a 1.3 mm key, screw in the Allen screw.
8. With loose motor screws, then run a new Clean sequence. Observe the spindle
movement and with the fingers adjust the motor position until the
spindle/piston can move freely up and down during the Clean Sequence.
Spindle must run smoothly:
• No noise
• No stalling

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MilkoScreen™

9. Tighten the screws for the motor when the motor is in the adjusted position

Fig. 96
Note: Tight screws to 0.3 Nm.
10. Run at least one more Clean Sequence to validate the spindle/piston still runs
freely all the way up and down. If not, then loosen the motor screws and repeat
above operation again. When spindle is running freely up and down, then add
grease to the spindle. Ensure to distribute the grease evenly at the entire spindle
surface.

During the clean sequence, add


a thin layer of grease to the
Free movement. No stalling
spindle, while the spindle is
moving up and down.

Fig. 97
11. Mount the instrument cabinet as described on section 4.2

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4.21 IR Source Current Check


General
The nominal Source Voltage supply is 1.20 V, supplied from a regulated power
source. The Source is supplied through a filter and a serial resistor (R 16) of 0.047
Ohm (47mOhm).

4.21.1 Checking the Voltage and Current

47 m Ohm U - Source
U = app. 90 mV App. 1.05 V

Fig. 98
• Source Voltage: The resulting voltage over the Source is approx. 1.05 V.
• Source Current range: 1.85 Amp +/- 10 % = 1.665 Amp - 1.935 Amp.
• Voltage over R16 (47 mOhm): App. 90 mV.
• Source Current with these values: 90 mV/ 47 mOhm = 1.91 Amp.

4.22 Laser Diode Check


General
If the Laser AC value is zero or very low, and no laser spot can be seen with the
IFU Adjustment Rig (see section 4.24), the Laser Diode may be defective or the
power supply for the Laser Diode may be out of order.
Therefore, first it must be verified that the Laser Diode has the correct operating
voltage.
If this is ok, the beam can be checked. However, the Laser Beam wavelength is
app. 850 nm, meaning that the beam is not visible to the human eye.
Various types of laser sensitive cards are available. When pointed on such a card,
the invisible beam will produce a visible (sometimes quite weak) spot. In this way
it can be verified that the diode actually sends out a beam. These cards are however
quite expensive.
The wavelength used is also visible to digital cameras like web cams, for example
the one used in the IFU Adjustment Rig, or the camera in your mobile phone.
Using a camera is a little tricky; finding the beam can be difficult.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:37


MilkoScreen™

4.22.1 Voltage Check

1.7 - 2.0 V

Fig. 99
With a digital voltmeter measure the voltage across the Laser Diode leads. The
voltage should be 1.7-2.0 V. If it is, a Laser Beam is most probably being
produced. Check in the following way:

4.22.2 Checking the Laser Beam


The Laser Beam can be checked by means of a Laser sensitive card or a digital
camera:
• Take out the Interferometer as described in section 4.8.
• Place the IFU on the table behind the instrument and connect the multi pin
plug.
• Unscrew and take out the Laser Diode as described in section 4.10.
Note: Do not unsolder the leads.
• Switch on the MilkoScreen and point the diode towards the sensitive card; a
spot must now be visible on the card. The spot may appear weak, but that is
normal.
• Using a camera, point the diode into the lens. Move it around in order to line
the beam up with the centre point of the lens. It may be difficult to find the spot
where the camera picks up the beam, so keep trying.
• The diode can also be pointed on to a red background where it will make a spot
that is visible to a digital camera. But it is not always easy to find the spot, so
try to shade off the red background from interfering light.

4.23 Laser Detector Check


General
The following method is not a 100 % check of the function of the Laser Detector.
The Laser Detector is a diode, and the check only checks if it acts as a diode. It
does not check its stability or ability to detect the laser beams. However, the first
criteria are that it acts as a diode.
In order to check the diode, a digital multimeter with a diode check function must
be available.
This function checks the voltage over the diode in the forward direction. Here, app
0.6 V must be found. In the reverse direction the DVM read out will vary with the
amount of light falling on the detector window.

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4.23.1 Procedure
• Unsolder the red and black lead from the Laser Detector.
• Connect the multimeter to the unsoldered leads, red to red/black to black, and
switch it on to Diode Check.
• The voltage should be approximately 0.6 V.

Fig. 100

4.24 Adjustment of the Interferometer (IFU)


General
If the IR Peak/Peak energy falls below 30 and the performance of the instrument is
compromised, action must be taken in order to reestablish a suitable IR-signal.
The reason for the reduced IR signal can be:
• The IR Source may be defective:
• It can be open circuit giving no output.
• Or it can have a short circuit in the windings of the filament. This can give
reduced IR signal. See section 4.21 IR Source Current Check
• The Interferometer optics can be out of adjustment. In this case the unit must
adjust as described here.
Adjustment of the Interferometer can only be done in a Service Centre equipped
with a FOSS Adjustment rig.

4.24.1 Needed Equipment


• FOSS Interferometer Adjustment Rig, p/n 60056988 with Web Cam, Control
PCB and Detector Unit.
• Torque wrench.
• PC

4.24.2 IFU – Basic Understanding of the Adjustment


For a more detailed description of the function of the Interferometer, see section
2.4.1 The Interferometer System.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:39


MilkoScreen™

Detector Mirror
IR-Detector

Cuvette

Laser Diode

Laser Beam
Beam Splitter
Source Mirror 50%
50%
IR-Beam
Moving Mirror
on Linear Motor
IR-Source

Laser
Detector Adjustable
Mirror

Fig. 101
The interferometer handles two different beams (signals): The Laser Beam and the
IR-Beam.
The beam Splitter is a special optical component: When a beam hits the Beam
Splitter, 50 % of the energy is reflected while the other 50 % is passed through.
Thereby two beams of identical.
The IR beam and the Laser beam are in the Beam Splitter split into two beams.
Only when these two beams are landing on their respective detectors while
overlapping each other will the condition for creating interference and hence an
interferogram is present.
The purpose of this procedure is to adjust the Adjustable Mirror to establish this
situation and optimizing the signals.
The Laser Interferogram is presented as the Laser AC.
The IR Interferogram is presented as IR Pk/Pk.

Fig. 102

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MilkoScreen™

The two signals:


• The Laser Beam, generated by the Laser Diode is, when the two laser beams
from the Beam Splitter are recombined on the Laser Detector, creating the
1200 Hz laser Interferogram. This is used for controlling and monitoring the
movement of the Linear Motor on which the moving mirror is mounted. The
Laser signal is the least sensitive to adjust.
• The two IR-Signals from the Beam Splitter pass through the sample in the
cuvette before they are combined on the IR-Detector where the IR-
Interferogram is created. Hence, on the IR Detector the signals have been
modified by the absorbsion from the constituents in the sample. From the
interferogram, the processor, by means of the calibration mathematics calculate
the component values in the sample. In order to get the most repeatable and
accurate results, the IR Signal (IR Pk/Pk) must be maximized.
The Diagram:
See the diagram above and look at the beam - in brown color - from the Laser
Diode.
In the Beam Splitter 50 % is passed straight through - still brown color. The brown
beam is reflected on the Moveable Mirror and returns to the Beam Splitter where
again 50 % is passing through and lands on the Laser Detector.
Another 50 % is reflected – green color. This beam is reflected by the Adjustable
Mirror, back to the Beam Splitter, and reflected on to the Laser Detector.
As seen, the two beams follow the same path to the Laser Detector and can
therefore make interference and hence a Laser Signal.
If the Adjustable Mirror is out of adjustment, the situation will be as this:
Only the Laser Beam is shown here:
Laser Diode

Laser Beam
Beam Splitter
50%
50%
Moving Mirror
on Linear Motor
The two
beams are
not aligned

Laser
Detector Adjustable Mirror-
out of adjustment

Fig. 103
As seen, the beams are no longer aligned on the detector and hence, no interference
occurs. No Laser Signal is created. The same will be the case with the IR-Beam:
The beams do not overlap on the detector; therefore no interference and no IR-
Signal created.
So, if the Adjustable Mirror is adjusted to create a Laser Signal, an IR-Signal will
also be created. This is what the adjustment is about.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:41


MilkoScreen™

4.24.3 Adjustment Set-Up


Adjustable Mirror
The Adjustable Mirror is, in the Interferometer mounted in a special mirror holder
with an M10 threaded hole in it.

M10 hole for


Mirror adjustment
rod

Fig. 104

The Adjustment Rig


The Adjustment Rig consists of a base plate with two, very precise optical
adjustment screws mounted on a solid bracket.
In the other end of the base plate, an aluminum block serves as base for the
Interferometer to be adjusted. The block has two finger screws and a clamp for
fixing the Interferometer during the adjustment.
An adjustment rod with a M10 thread at the end connects the Adjustable Mirror
with the two adjustments screws via a flexible ball-joint.

Clamp Finger Screws

Adjustment
Rod
Adjustment
Screws
Flexible
Joint

Base for
Interferometer
M10
threaded
rod

Fig. 105

Detector Unit
With the rig comes a Detector Unit for adjusting the Laser AC and IR-Signal (IR-
Pk/Pk). The cuvette windows have in this unit been replaced by a Polystyrene disc
that replaces the water that would otherwise be needed in the cuvette. Otherwise
the unit works exactly like other Detector Units.

Control PCB
A MilkoScreen Control PCB is used to run the IFU. Further, the Control PCB
must be connected to a MilkoScreen display in order to use the IFU Check display
for the adjustment:

4:42 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

Fig. 106
The IFU Check display is activated by pressing the and the buttons at the
same time.

Camera for Spotting the Laser Beams


The Laser wavelength is 850 nm, which makes it invisible to the human eye. This
wavelength is however detectable by a standard digital camera or webcam.
Therefore a webcam is used to make the adjustment.
There are no requirements to the webcam. Cheap models without auto-focus have
proven to be best.

Fig. 107

Camera Backdrop and Shade - Example

Back
wall is
red

Fig. 108
The best background on which the camera can best “see” the laser spots is a red
piece of card board. This shade should be placed 10 – 15 cm away from the
Interferometer Laser window

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:43


MilkoScreen™

Light from lamps and sun will disturb the camera. Therefore the red background
must be placed at the end of a covered path. Remember, you cannot see the spots
with the eye.
The shade shown above is an example. It may not fit the situation around your rig
and your camera, so make up your own shade.
Remember however, to glue a red piece of card board to the inner back.

4.24.4 Adjustment Procedure


General
The adjustment itself is not difficult. It is the following that can be challenging:
• The set-up of the rig and camera so that the Laser spots are clearly visible in
the camera picture.
• After, first the laser spots have been aligned, and thereafter the IR- Pk/Pk has
been optimized, when the Adjustment Rod is loosened from the Adjustable
Mirror, often the IR-Pk/Pk value falls quite a lot. A reduction of up to 10 %
can be accepted; if more, redo the adjustment. Try to play with the tightening
of the Adjustment Rod onto the mirror and the two adjustment screws: Try to
stop turning the adjustment screws at an IR value a little lower than maximum
– and observe what happens when the Adjustment Rod is loosened. In a
number of cases you will see that the value increases when the rod is loosened.
It is important to be patient, and repeat the adjustment until an acceptable
signal is found. Typical IR-Pk/Pk range 30 – 60.

Procedure
1. When you handle the IFU, be careful not to break the soldered wires.
Especially the very thin Linear Motor Coil wires.
Check the connections for Laser Diode, Laser Detector and Linear Motor
Coils. The correct connections are found under Replacement Procedures.

Fig. 109
2. Guide the Adjustment Rod into the hole for the Adjustable Mirror and hold the
IFU against the back corner of the block and tighten the Finger Screws.

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First Allign with


ten the finger

Fig. 110
3. Fasten the clamp by pushing down the red handle.
4. By means of the knurled ring, fasten the M10 adjustment rod to the back side
of the Adjustable Mirror. Only tighten loosely.

Fig. 111
5. Mount the Test Detector on the IFU and connect the black cable from the
Control PCB to the IFU PCB.

Test Detector
Unit

Fig. 112
6. Unscrew the Laser Detector and move it away from the Laser window in order
to allow the two laser beams to exit the IFU.

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MilkoScreen™

Laser
window
Laser
Detector
and PCB

Fig. 113

Laser Adjustment
1. Before the adjustments can begin, make sure the Adjustable Mirror is tightened
to a torque of 1 Nm:
• Loosen the screw holding it – and re-tighten to 1 Nm. With 1 Nm
tightening, the mirror can be moved by the adjustment rig.

Fig. 114

2. By means of a MilkoScreen power supply, power up the Control PCB.


The laser beams, invisible to the human eye, are now coming out from the
Laser window.
3. Start the web cam program on the pc, and place the camera on the base plate of
the rig.

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MilkoScreen™

Laser Spots Shade outline


on pc-screen Laser
Beams
Laser
spots
Camera
view
Red back-
ground

Fig. 115
4. Place the shade so that it covers the camera and laser beams as shown here.
5. Manually adjust the camera focus for best possible spot sharpness. The
example above is about the sharpest you can get. You may have to move the
camera around and redo the focus a number of times until you get the spots on
the pc. However when you have gained some experience, it is quite easy.
Note: Strong electric light or sun light will make it difficult
to find the spots.
6. One spot is always bigger than the other; it has a number of “side spots”
coming from reflections in the optics. It is however the centre spot that is
important.
Now, by means of the two adjustment screws, arrange the spots above each
other. Finally, move the small spot so that it covers the other.

Fig. 116
7. Now, the condition for creating a Laser Interferogram on the Laser Detector is
established. Mount the Laser Detector in the IFU. First, only tighten the screws
loosely, allowing the detector PCB to be moved a little sideways.

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MilkoScreen™

8. Activate the IFU Check display on the MilkoScreen by pressing the and
the buttons at the same time. Push the Laser Detector PCB sideways to
find the highest Laser AC value – and tighten the screws. The value should
typically be 900 – 1700.

Fig. 117

IR Pk/Pk Adjustment
1. Now the IR Pk/Pk should show some value. It can be as low as 0.5, but this
will be ok as a starting point.
2. Now, very slowly, allowing the values to update on the display, turn one screw
in one, and then the other direction to find a point where the value has
increased. Now do the same with the other screw.
3. Repeat this until the maximum point has been found. The value here will
typically be 30 – 60.
4. The following is the time consuming part of the procedure:
The mirror holding screw must now be tightened with 2 Nm; when this is done,
the Adjustment Rod must be loosened. Loosening the Adjustment Rod
however, may move the mirror a little whereby the IR value falls, often
significantly. If this happens, the procedure must be repeated: Loosen the
holding screw to 1 Nm and try again – and again until the value does not fall
below 30. Sometimes, if the adjustment screw is left a little before or over the
max point, when the rod is loosened, the mirror moves back and the value
increases and ends closer to max. Keeping the absolute max value after
loosening is seldom.

4.25 Back Pressure Valve Check


General
The Back Pressure Valve must ensure correct pressure during analysis in order to
avoid formation of air bubbles in the cuvette. The pressure must be checked after
service on the valve and after other repairs to the flow system. Also, check the
valve in case of poor repeatability on the instrument.

Caution
In order to operate properly, the Tygon tubes used in the
MilkoScreen need to be “exercised” at the point where they are
squeezed by the Tube Squeezer Valves. This goes for newly
mounted tubes as well as existing tubes that have been pulled
so that the valve squeezes a new point. Fill the flow system
with Zero liquid. Then use the Service Menu – Pump & Valves
screen to operate each valve 10 times.

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Fig. 118

4.25.1 Test Setup


To test the pressure, the following is needed:
• A pressure measurement transducer of suitable precision. For example Fluke
PV 350 as used here.
• A digital volt meter of suitable precision.
• An adapter - shown with the arrow.
The adapter available from FOSS on P/N 60058227 is designed to fit the Fluke
PV 350.

Caution
The pressure transducer housing must be filled with water in
order to operate properly. With a syringe and needle, fill the
flow opening in the Fluke transducer before it is mounted in
the FOSS adapter.

Back Pressure Valve

To Fluke and DVM

Fig. 119

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MilkoScreen™

4.25.2 Procedure
1. Connect the Pressure Transducer to the flow system by means of the FOSS
adapter - as shown in the picture.
Note: The Foss adapter is designed for use with the Fluke PV
350 Pressure Module.

Using the Fluke PV 350: Switch the PV 350 to kPa/psi. Set the push button to
Metric = up. Connect the PV 350 to a DVM set to mV and zero the readout with
the potentiometer.
Read out units: 1 bar = 100 mV.

2. Power up the instrument and run a clean in order to make the flow system air-
free.
3. With Zero liquid under the pipette, activate a sample measurement and observe
the pressure during the sequence:

Stroke Pump Out flow Pressure Fluke


reading

1 Full stroke – 950 µl Via By-Pass App. 0.05 bar 5 mV


valve ±0.05

2 Full stroke – 950 µl Via By-Pass App. 0.05 bar 5 mV


valve ±0.05

3 1: Slow flush of cuvette – Via Cuvette – 1.4 bar ±0.3 140 mV


200 µl BP valve

2: Faster flush of cuvette Via Cuvette – 1.9bar ±0.6 190 mV


– 350 µl BP valve

3:Slow flush of cuvette – Via Cuvette – 0.9 bar ±0.3 90 mV


200 µl BP valve

4. Pay attention to the following:


• The pressures during stroke 1 and 2 are not important.
• In stroke 3, the first half gives the highest pressure due to the higher speed
of the pump.
• The most important is stroke 3, second half. Here the sample is scanned by
the Interferometer for 16 seconds while it is pumped through the Cuvette at
reduced speed. For these 16 seconds the pressure must be stable ±0.1 bar.
5. The reason for failing pressure can among other things be:
• Back Pressure Valve membrane dirty or defective.
• V1 or V2 not closing properly.
• Leakage in the Cuvette.
• Leakage in the pump piston sleeve.
• Leakage some place in the flow system.

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4.26 Flow System Test


General
See section 2.3 Flow System for detailed descriptions of the individual flow modes.
The main purpose of the test is to check for:
• Build-up or blockages.
• Malfunction in a valve (failing to close or open)
• Leak in the Back Pressure Valve.
• Leakage in the piston gasket.
• Some of the checks are made by visual inspection.

Visual Inspection - Pipette Filter


In order to avoid flow restrictions is important that the 100 µm pipette filter is
clean and unblocked.
The last stroke of a clean sequence is back flushing the pipette filter slits with 950
µl of clean liquid, however build up of material or dirt may happen. Therefore the
filter must be inspected in a regular basis.
• Make sure the pipette and filter is dry by holding a tissue around it, tapping it
with a finger nail or blowing through it from the other end.
• Inspect it by holding a light behind it and observe if the filter blocked.
• Replace the filter if necessary.
• Build up inside the pipette may be removed by leaving it overnight in soak
liquid and, next day flushing it with a syringe.

During one Clean, look for the following:


• During a suction stroke, closely inspect for air bubbles in the Pump Cylinder.
In case of bubbles, replace the piston gasket and o-ring. Air bubbles may also
be caused by a defective O-ring in the Flow Manifold above the pump
cylinder, a leaking tube fitting or a leak in the inlet tube.
• During a suction stroke, closely inspect the outlet tubes at 1 and 2; no liquid
must be seen traveling backward into the tubes.
If liquid travels backwards at 1, the By Pass valve is leaking.
If liquid travels backwards at 2, the Back Pressure Membrane is leaking (dirty
or defective).
• Check V1 as follows: When the first of the suction strokes has been completed,
quickly remove the liquid beaker from the pipette. During the following
pressure stroke no liquid must flow out from the pipette. Quickly put back the
beaker before the second suction stroke starts – and observe again during the
second pressure stroke.
Remember that during the last pump stroke in the Clean sequence V1 opens
and the pipette is back-flushed.

Volume Check
Place a 10 ml measuring cylinder under each of the outlet tubes (or do it in two
steps – one at a time).
In a functional flow system the volumes from a Clean should be as shown in the
diagram, see Fig. 120.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 4:51


MilkoScreen™

Flow Volumes, One Clean Procedure


Tube Squeezer Pump Cuvette
Valve – V1 System Manifold
Normally Open.
Back Pressure Valve
1,5 bar

Cuvette

2
Tube Squeezer
Clean or In-Line filter Valve – V2 Cuvette
Normally 2,8 ml
Zero 34 µm
Closed. (+/-0,15 ml)
liquid
Pump Step By-Pass
Motor 1
By Pass,
2,0 ml
(+/-0,15 ml)

Fig. 120
In case of build-up in the cuvette, the volume from 2 will be reduced and the
volume from 1 will be correspondingly increased.

4.27 Preventive Maintenance


4.27.1 Instrument PMA
General
This is a guideline for the MilkoScreen Preventive Maintenance procedure.
For the latest PMA Protocol, see the FOSS Intranet, Internal Knowledge -
Customer Support Toolbox – MilkoScreen – Preventive Maintenance.
The frequency for Preventive Maintenance on MilkoScreen is two times per year.
Expected time for PMA, including functional tests: App. 2 hours.
The needed parts are found in PMA-kit, P/N 60058438.

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4.27.2 PMA-kit 60058438 (June, 2018)


NOTE: Always follow the latest version PMA Protocol found on
the FOSS Intranet, Internal Knowledge, Customer Support Tool
Box.

Material Name Page (Spare Pos. Pcs.


Number Parts Manual
rev2)

60053831 Membrane 4 2 1

60015108 O-ring ø1.5xø1.0 6 2 2

60059679 Tube øø 01,0/03,0 Silicone 10 550, 551 1

60052443 Piston Gasket w. O-ring 20 1 1

60015274 O-ring ø5.0xø1.0 8, 22, 24 2, 3, 15 3

60065361 Pipette filter (Short) cpl. N/A N/A 1

00219121 Union M05x0.80 black N/A N/A 1

4.27.3 Procedure
See the MilkoScreen PMA Protocol, found on the FOSS Intranet, Internal
Knowledge, Customer Support Tool Box – Preventive Maintenance. Look up
MilkoScreen.

4.27.4 Cleaning
Clean all cabinet surfaces with mild detergent, f. ex. dish washing liquid.
Use a soft cloth or brush.

4.27.5 Tests
Carry out the following tests:
1. Sect. 4.18 Back Pressure Valve check
2. Sect. 4.16 IR Source Current Check.
3. Sect. 4.19 Flow System Test.
4. Take out the Cuvette and inspect it for dirt between the windows – and for sign
of leakage.
5. By means of the details of the start-up-test-window on the MilkoScreen, check
the wear condition of the Cuvette:
Pressing the and buttons simultaneously, while the start-up test is
running brings up this screen:

Fig. 121

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MilkoScreen™

6. The Water BW (Band Width) is an expression of the wear of the Cuvette. A


new Cuvette has a value of 100 – 105. The upper limit is 118. If the value is
110 – 115 the remaining life time of the Cuvette is limited. Therefore it must
be considered to replace the cuvette.

4.27.6 Software
Check that the embedded software is the latest version. See sect. 5.1 Updating the
Embedded Software

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MilkoScreen™

5 Software Maintenance
5.1 Updating the Embedded Software
The embedded software file in the MilkoScreen is named SAFIR.fof. Like software
for other FOSS instruments, the newest version can be down loaded from the FOSS
Intranet.

5.1.1 Procedure
1. Via the internet, open the FOSS Intranet and go to the Internal Knowledge –
Customer Support Tool Box. Find Software and open MilkoScreen. Download
the newest SAFIR.fof, save it on your PCand unzip it.
2. Place an SD card in the PCand copy the .fof file on to it.
3. Place the SD card in the MilkoScreen, go to the Administrator menu and log
in. Default pass word is 0000. Ask the administrator if the pass word has been
changed.
4. Go to Update Software and press ok. The next page shows the current and the
new software. Press ok in order to start the down load. Allow the down load to
complete.

5.1.2 Using the FOSS Weblicense Site (IndiFoss Main


Office)
General
The FOSS Weblicense tool is found on the address https://weblicense.foss.dk.
Before the site can be used, a username and pass word must be defined for the
person.
To certify a new person, contact FOSS-DK.

Accessing the Weblicense Site


The licenses issued to an instrument must always precisely correspond to the
Prediction Model packages the customer has paid for. To ensure that only approved
persons in the IndiFoss main office are certified to enter the Weblicense site and
issue new licenses.

Procedure
1. Open the site https://weblicense.foss.dk and log in. (Certified persons only)
Select Region: World.
2. Insert an SD card in the pc’s card reader.
3. Enter the OLD serial number of the instrument in question and press Enter.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 5:1


MilkoScreen™

Fig. 122
4. The old serial number can be read from the label on the cabinet rear side, the
side of the chassis visible when the cabinet is removed, or from the label on the
old Control PCB.

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MilkoScreen™

5. Note, or make a screen dump of the contents of the old license.


6. Enter the new serial number, reported from the repair site, and push Enter.
7. In the Prediction Package, ASM Package and Adulteration Package sections,
mark the same options as selected for the old serial number.’
8. Push Generate License key. The new key can now be read from the License
Key box.
9. Push Download license file – a .txt file. Browse and store the new license key
on the SD card.
10. Push Download prediction model (PMC) file. Browse and store the newest
version of the PMC file on the SD card.
11. The SD card now has the two files plus what may else be on it.

Fig. 123
12. Now inform the new license key to the repair site by phone or by e-mail or use
the SD card directly. With mail or SD card also the PMC file in the instrument
can be updated.
13. For entering the new data in the MilkoScreen see Replacement of Control PCB
above.

5.2 Factory Reset


General
The Factory Reset is an emergency feature that should only be used in one case: If
the Administrator Pass Word has been lost.
If the Factory Reset is activated, the following will be happen:
• All instrument settings will return to factory default values: Slope, Intercept
and LOD values will be rest.
• The internal file system will be formatted: All loaded Prediction Packages will
be deleted. The internal Service Log will be deleted.
• All licenses will be deleted.

Procedure
1. Switch the MilkoScreen off.
2. Push and hold the and buttons while the instrument is again switched
on. This brings up this window:

Fig. 124
3. Press ok if you are sure you want to proceed.

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MilkoScreen™

Follow Up
In most cases, the customer will have his PMC file and licence key stored on his
SD card. In this case it is quite easy to re-establish the Parameter Packages and
licenses.
In case the PMC file and license key are not available, new ones must be
downloaded from the FOSS Weblicense server. See sect. 4.23.3, Using the FOSS
Weblicense site.
Individual Slope and/or Intercept and LOD values are lost and must be re-
established.

5.3 Configure number of decimals displayed


From ISW version 1.1.3.0 the customer can choose between rounding and
truncation when displaying only one decimal digit on the screen. Choosing
truncation will produce the requested result.
Examples:
• Exported result = 2.57 (always two decimal digits)
• Displayed result = 2.57 (two decimal digits)
• Displayed result = 2.6 (one decimal digit, rounded)
• Displayed result = 2.5 (one decimal digit, truncated)
The option to choose between rounding and truncation to one decimal has been
added to the “Result format” dialogue in the “Debug” menu, as shown in the
figures below.

Fig. 125 Result format dialogue in Debug menu

Fig. 126 Choosing to display only one decimal

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 127 Truncating to one decimal

Fig. 128 Rounding to one decimal

5.4 Serial Interface Export Protocol


The first versions of the MilkoScreen software (v. 1.1.x.x) could be configured to
send measurement results over the serial interface and receive some commands.
Version 1.2.0.0 extends this protocol to allow the instrument to send service
information as well as results and allows a remote computer to adjust slope,
intercept and limit-of-detection settings. Both protocols are described below.

MilkoScreen RS232 serial interface Remote computer


instrument

Fig. 129 Figure 1: Remote computer interfacing to


MilkoScreen

5.4.1 Configuring the serial interface export protocol


The instrument’s administrator menu allows the user to configure the use of the
serial interface for sending results and service information as shown below.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 5:5


MilkoScreen™

1 2 3

Fig. 130
1 Main menu
2 Administrator Menu
3 Serial Export Dialogue

The serial export mode can be set to one of three values as shown in the table and
figures below
Serial export mode values Effect

Off Nothing is sent or received on the serial interface

Results only Results are sent and some commands can be


received

Results & service Results and service information is sent


Sample number can be reset
All passwords can be changed
Configuration lines can be requested
Slope, intercept and limit-of-detection settings can
be adjusted

Table 1 Serial export mode values

1 2 3

Fig. 131
1 Serial export is disabled
2 Only results are sent
3 Results and service information is sent

The baud rate (speed in bits per second) of the serial interface can be configured to
one of the following:
110, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200
The third item in the Serial export dialogue is the File export option, see Fig. 132.
This allows the instrument to write the measurement results to a file named

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MilkoScreen™

“RESULT.LOG” on the SD-card (if inserted). This option does not affect the serial
interface protocol.

Fig. 132 File export option

5.4.2 Sending only results on the serial interface


The purpose of the “Results only” serial export mode is to send measurement
results to a computer and allow the computer to acknowledge the results, reset the
sample number and set the administrator password. In this mode the instrument
behaves as described in the following:
Serial export mode “Results only”

Results sent Command received

Line with predicted results “T” – acknowledge recent result

“Z” – reset the sample number

Line with zeros “Pnnnn” – set the Administrator password

Note! The instrument does not echo the


command character back to the sender

Table 2 Serial export mode “Results only”

Result line format


One result line is sent in text format over serial interface every two seconds in the
following format:
<date & time>, <relative sample number>, <fat>, <SNF>, <protein>, <a1>, <a2>,
<3>, <a4>, <a5>, <ASM>, <error>
Where <an> are adulterants, <ASM> is an indication of an abnormal spectrum (i.e.
not milk) and <error> is a possible error occurring during the measurements
Example:
09:51:05 21-08-2018,2, 0.34, 1.16, 0.00,,,,,,,
(In this example only fat and SNF are predicted, prediction models for adulterants
and ASM have not been loaded in the instrument)

Acknowledging the results with the “T” command


The remote receiver can acknowledge the results by sending the “T” command.
When the instrument receives the “T” command, it resets the predicted values and
sends a result line with zeros every two seconds. The predicted results on the
instrument’s screen are also reset, see Fig. 133and Fig. 134

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 5:7


MilkoScreen™

Fig. 133 Results before "T" command is received

Fig. 134 Results after "T" command is received


Example of result lines received every two seconds before and after “T” command
is sent:
09:51:05 21-08-2018,2, 0.34, 1.16, 0.00,,,,,,,
09:51:05 21-08-2018,2, 0.34, 1.16, 0.00,,,,,,,
09:51:05 21-08-2018,2, 0.34, 1.16, 0.00,,,,,,,
09:51:05 21-08-2018,2, 0.34, 1.16, 0.00,,,,,,,
09:51:05 21-08-2018,2, 0.34, 1.16, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
Note: The instrument does not echo the “T” command.
Note: The “T” command does not affect the operator’s
possibility of starting a new measurement. I.e. the operator can
start a new measurement, even though the remote computer
has not sent a “T” command.

Resetting the sample number


The sample number shown on the result line is a relative sample number. It is
meant to count the samples measured in a shift, e.g. a morning or an afternoon
shift. The remote receiver can reset the sample number to zero by sending the “Z”
command. After receiving the “Z” command the next sample measured will have
the sample number 1. See example below.

Fig. 135 Sample number after "Z" command is received

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MilkoScreen™

Fig. 136 Sample number after next measurement


Example of result lines received every two seconds after “Z” command is sent and
measurement is finished:
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
00:00:00 01-01-1970,0, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00,,,,,,,
10:38:49 21-08-2018,1, 0.34, 1.17, 0.00,,,,,,,
10:38:49 21-08-2018,1, 0.34, 1.17, 0.00,,,,,,,
10:38:49 21-08-2018,1, 0.34, 1.17, 0.00,,,,,,,
10:38:49 21-08-2018,1, 0.34, 1.17, 0.00,,,,,,,
Note: The instrument keeps track of the absolute sample
number, i.e. the number of samples measured since the
instrument was produced. This number is displayed on the
screen if the debug menu option “Save scans on SD-card” is
enabled, see Fig. 137. Scan files are stored on the SD-card with
the absolute sample number as the file name. e.g.
“020722.IFG”. The serial result line can only show the relative
sample number.

Fig. 137 Result display with absolute sample number

Setting the administrator password


By sending the “Pnnnn” command the remote receiver can change the
administrator password. “nnnn” must be four digits in the range [0,9]. The
instrument will always accept four characters, but if it receives any character that is
not a digit, the character and any following characters are ignored. Below are some
examples:
Characters received Password value

P1111 1111

P111A 0111

P11A1 0011

P2--- 0002

Pzzzz 0000

Table 3

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 5:9


MilkoScreen™

5.4.3 Sending results and service information over the


serial interface

The purpose of the “Results & service” serial export mode is to…
• send measurement results and service information to a computer
• One line containing results when a measurement is finished
• A number of lines describing the instrument’s configuration when the
instrument is switched on
• A line with a copy of the service information stored in the service log
every time an entry is stored in the log
• Allow the computer to…
• reset the sample number
• set the administrator, service and debug passwords
• request the instrument’s configuration
• adjust the slope, intercept and limit-of-detection settings for
parameters, adulterants and Abnormal-spectrum
Serial export mode “Results & service”

Lines sent

R: <predicted results> Line with predicted results

C: <configuration information> Lines with configuration information

S: <service log entry> Line with service log information

Ok: <confirmation information> Status line: Ok

Error: <error information> Status line: Error

Commands received

S,<admin password> Start remote control session

E End remote control session

Z Reset the sample number

P,<password type>,<new password> Set the password

C Send configuration
Note: The instrument does not echo the command character back to the sender
Table 4 Overview of lines sent and commands received in serial
remote mode "Results & service"

Line types
Since both result, configuration, service and status lines are sent, each line starts
with a letter indicating the line type:
<line type> <line contents>
Where <line type> can be “R: “, “C: “, “S: “, “Ok: “ or “Error: “
Examples:
R: 11:45:24 21-08-2018,3, 0.32, 1.21, 0.00,,,,,,,
C: Export over serial line: Results and service info

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MilkoScreen™

S: 11:46:24 21-08-2018, 20723: Instrument started


Ok: Remote controlled
Error: Unknown command X in line "X"

Result line format


When a measurement is finished, a result line is sent in text format over the serial
interface in the following format:
<line type> <date & time>, <relative sample number>, <fat>, <SNF>, <protein>,
<a1>, <a2>, <3>, <a4>, <a5>, <ASM>, <error>
Where <line type> is “R: “, <an> are adulterants, <ASM> is an indication of an
abnormal spectrum (i.e. not milk) and <error> is a possible error occurring during
the measurements
Example:
R: 11:45:24 21-08-2018,3, 0.32, 1.21, 0.00,,,,,,,

Result lines are only sent once – they are not repeated every two seconds.

Configuration lines
When the instrument is switched on, it will send the instrument’s configuration
over the serial interface as a number of configuration lines in text format. The
configuration lines are the same lines as are printed in the service log, when it is
saved on the SD-card using the “Save service log” item in the service menu.
The instrument will also send the instrument’s configuration as a response to the
“C” command, see below.
Example:
C: Instrument serial number: 917000
C: Hardware serial number:
C: Software version: 1.2.0.116
C: Permanent license key:
C: Temporary license key:
C: Prediction models loaded:
C: Parameter package: Milk, ID 1, version 1.1.0:
C: Parameter Fat, ID 1, version 1.1.0, slope = 1.00, intercept = 0.03, zero limit =
0.07
C: Parameter SNF, ID 3, version 1.1.0, slope = 1.00, intercept = 0.00, zero limit
= 0.11
C: Bad sample detection, ID 0, version 1.0.0
C: Settings:
C: Display contrast: 1
C: Result format: 1 decimals
C: Result format: truncate to first decimal
C: Export over serial line: Results and service info
C: Serial line baud rate: 4800

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C: Export results to file: Enabled


C: Cleaning interval 980 samples
C: Wash cleaning interval 900 samples
C: Clean after measurement time 895 mins
C: Zero settings: Subsamples = 3, Age limit = 3 hours, Air limit = 95.0, Peak ratio
limit = 1.25, Check age at startup = No
C: Zero setting water bandwidth slope: History size = 5, Threshold = -1.400000,
Limit = -0.000500
C: Measurement air limit: 90.0
C: Temperature drift limit: 17.0 deg. C (1.00 nm)
C: Bad sample detection: No
C: Save scans: On
C: Trace file: Off, max size = 100 MB
C: Serial interface PPP : Off, baudrate = 115200
C: Serial interface Trace: Off, baudrate = 115200
C: Network setup: DHCP = Off, Static IP = 192.168.0.10
C: Simulation: Off
C: Repetition: Infinite, Stop on error: On
C: Prediction: On, Save calculations = Off
C: Startup test: Disabled

Service lines
The instrument sends a service line in text format to the remote computer whenever
an entry is stored in the service log. I.e. the content of a service line is identical to
the line stored in the service log.
The format of a service line is as follows:
<line type> <date & time>, <absolute sample number> : <service information>
Where <line type> is “S: “
Examples:
S: 11:46:24 21-08-2018, 20723: Instrument started
S: 11:46:34 21-08-2018, 20723: Prediction models loaded: Parameters ID 1,
version 1.1.0,

Status lines
The instrument will respond to a command with either a positive confirmation or a
negative rejection.
The format of a positive confirmation line is as follows:
<line type> <confirmation information>
Where <line type> is “Ok: “
Examples:
Ok: Remote controlled

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Ok: Done

The format of a negative rejection line is as follows:


<line type> <rejection information>
Where <line type> is “Error: “
Examples:
Error: Unknown command X in line "X"
Error: Incorrect Password

Command lines
When the instrument is in serial export mode “Results & service” the commands
that can be sent to the instrument are more complex that the single-character
commands allowed in the “Results only” mode. In the “Results & service” mode
commands are therefore sent as lines terminated with ‘carriage return’, i.e. ASCII
character 1310 (0D16) or ctrl-M.
This makes it easy to test the commands using a terminal program, because the
“Enter” key sends the ‘carriage return’ character. In this document the ‘carriage
return’ character is written <CR>.
So all commands end with <CR> in the “Results & service” mode:
<command letter> <command information> <CR>
In simple commands <command information> may be empty, e.g. the “E”
command.
In more complex commands <command information> contains one or more fields
separated by comma ‘,’, e.g. the “S” command: “S,0000<CR>”.
Note! No spaces are allowed between fields and commas.

Acknowledgement of commands
The commands described in the following sections may fail for different reasons,
so the instrument will respond to the commands with either an “Ok” confirmation
or an “Error” rejection with a cause. In general the instrument will respond to
errors in the command line with sensible messages, making it easy to find and
correct errors.
Confirmation response:
Ok<CR>
Ok: <confirmation information><CR>
Example:
Ok: Remote controlled
Rejection response:
Error: <rejection information><CR>
Example:
Error: Not idle

Remote control session


When the instrument is in serial export mode “Results & service” commands will
only be accepted by the instrument when the instrument is in “remote controlled”

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mode. In this mode the local operator is prevented from operating the instrument
from the screen.
To be able to send commands, the remote computer should send a “start remote
control” command to the instrument to place it a “remote controlled” mode. While
the instrument is in “remote controlled” mode, the display shows the notice:
“Remote controlled”.

Fig. 138
When all changes have been applied, the remote computer should send an “end
remote control” command to the instrument to take it out of the “remote
controlled” mode, and the local operator can again operate the instrument.
Once in “remote controlled” mode, the local operator cannot take the instrument
out of “remote controlled” mode. The only way the operator can bring the
instrument back to “locally controlled” mode is by switching the instrument off and
on again.
Another purpose of the “start remote control” is to restrict access from the remote
computer. The “start remote control” command must contain a valid administrator
password.
Upon receipt of a “start remote control” command the instrument responds with
“Ok” if the password is valid and the instrument is idle. Or responds with “Error” if
either the password is invalid or the instrument is busy.
Start remote control command:
S,<administrator password><CR>
Example:
S,0000<CR>
End remote control command:
E<CR>
Responses from instrument:
Command Responses Comment

S,nnnn Ok: Remote controlled The instrument was idle, the


administrator password was valid and
the instrument is now remote
controlled

Error: Not idle The instrument is not idle, so cannot


be remote controlled

Error: Incorrect password The provided administrator password


is not correct

Error: Already remote The instrument is already remote


controlled controlled

E Ok: No longer remote The instrument was remote controlled


controlled and is no longer remote controlled. It

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is always possible to take the


instrument out of remote control
mode

Error: Not remote controlled The instrument is not remote


controlled

Table 5
The following sections explain the remaining commands

Resetting the sample number


The sample number can be reset in the same way as described above for the
“Results only mode”. The only difference is that the “Z” command must be
followed by <CR>:
Example:
Z<CR>

Setting a password
The administrator, service or debug password can be changed using the “P”
command.
P,<password type>,<new password value><CR>
Where <password type> is either “A” for administrator, “S” for service or “D” for
debug.
<new password value> must be a four digit number.
Examples:
P,A,1234<CR>
P,S,2222<CR>
P,D,9999<CR>

Responses from instrument:


Response Comment

S: 15:00:27 17-09-2018, 20726: Changing a password is logged in the service


Debug password set to 9999 log, so an “S” line is sent. After that a
Ok: Password changed confirmation is sent.

Error: Not remote controlled The instrument is not remote controlled

Error: Unrecognized password type Password type must be “A”, “S” or “D”
'W' in line "P,W,1234"

Error: Password must be 4 digits in New password value must have 4 digits
line "P,A,123"

Error: Password must be 4 digits in New password value must have 4 digits
line "P,S,ABCD"

Table 6
When a password is changed, an entry will be written to the service log and sent on
the serial interface.

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Example:
S: 10:10:08 18-09-2018, 20733: Administrator password set to 1234

Resetting passwords to default values


Changing the passwords from remote may complicate matters for service
technicians. Therefore a “back door” exists to reset the passwords to factory default
values: Holding down the Clean and Zero buttons while the instrument starts will
reset the passwords to their factory default values.
Password type Factory default value

Administrator 0000

Service 9900

Debug 1100
The following lines will be written to the service log (and sent on the serial
interface, if the serial export mode is “Results & service”):
S: 10:03:33 18-09-2018, 20733: Instrument started
S: 10:03:33 18-09-2018, 20733: Administrator password set to 0
S: 10:03:33 18-09-2018, 20733: Service password set to 9900
S: 10:03:33 18-09-2018, 20733: Debug password set to 1100
Factory resetting the whole instrument by holding down the Zero and OK buttons will
also reset the passwords. But this will also reset all other settings and erase the internal
file system.

Requesting the instrument configuration


Before adjusting slope, intercept and LOD values, the remote computer must
ensure that the prediction models loaded in the instrument are as expected (the
correct IDs and versions), take note of the IDs of the parameters and adulterants
and confirm the current slope, intercept and LOD values.
This can be done by sending a “request instrument configuration” command, which
will cause the instrument to send the same information – configuration lines, see
above - as sent when the instrument is switched on. This information contains lines
describing the prediction models loaded in the instrument. See example below:
Example:
C: Prediction models loaded:
C: Parameter package: Milk, ID 1, version 1.1.0:
C: Parameter Fat, ID 1, version 1.1.0, slope = 1.01, intercept = 0.02, zero limit =
0.07
C: Parameter SNF, ID 3, version 1.1.0, slope = 1.03, intercept = 0.04, zero limit
= 0.11
C: Parameter Protein, ID 2, version 1.1.0, slope = 1.05, intercept = 0.06, zero
limit = 0.04
C: Bad sample detection, ID 0, version 1.0.0, LOD = 5.00
C: Adulterant package: Targeted, ID 1, version 1.1.0:
C: Adulterant Water, ID 4, version 1.0.0, slope = 1.07, intercept = 0.08, LOD =
20.09

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C: Adulterant Urea, ID 5, version 1.1.0, slope = 1.10, intercept = 0.11, LOD =


12.15
C: Adulterant Maltodex, ID 6, version 1.0.0, slope = 1.13, intercept = 0.14, LOD
= 15.60
C: Adulterant AmmSulph, ID 7, version 1.0.0, slope = 1.16, intercept = 0.17,
LOD = 18.08
C: Adulterant Sucrose, ID 8, version 1.0.0, slope = 1.19, intercept = 0.20, LOD =
21.30
C: ASM package: Normal Milk, ID 1, version 1.0.0, LOD = 22.00

Request instrument configuration command:


C<CR>
Response Comment

Ok: Done After all “C” lines have been sent the instrument sends
a confirmation

Error: Not remote The instrument is not remote controlled


controlled

Adjusting slope, intercept and LOD values


In order to change a slope, intercept or LOD value, the remote computer must send
an “Adjust” command. In the command the remote computer must:
• Identify the package type: Parameter, Adulterant or ASM
• Identify the parameter or adulterant ID
• Identify the setting that should be changed: Slope, intercept or LOD
• Provide the new value that the setting should have
Adjust command:
A,<package type>,<ID>,<setting type>,<value><CRLF>
Where <package type> is either “P” for parameter, “A” for adulterant or “S” for
abnormal spectrum
Where <ID> is an integer number in the range [1, 99]. <ID> is omitted for
abnormal spectrum package.
Where <setting type> is either “S” for slope, “I” for intercept or “L” for limit-of-
detection
Where <value> is a floating point number in the format
<sign><whole part>.<fractional part>
Where <sign> may be empty or “-“. Only intercept values may be negative.
Where <whole part> is an integer number in the range [0, 9] for slope and intercept
values and in the range [0, 99] for limit-of-detection values.
Where <fractional part> is an integer number in the range [0, 99]
Examples:
A,P,1,I,0.04 (sets the intercept of parameter 1 (Fat) to 0.04
A,P,3,S,1.02 (sets the slope of parameter 3 (SNF) to 1.02)
A,A,8,I,-0.05 (sets the intercept of adulterant 8 (Sucrose) to -0.05

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A,A,6,L,0.62 (sets the limit-of-detection of adulterant 6 (Maltodex) to 0.62


A,S,L,3.5 (sets the limit-of-detection of abnormal spectrum detection to 3.5)

When the instrument has received the adjust command it will either change the
setting and send a confirmation response or send a rejection response with a cause.
The following combinations of adjust command elements are allowed:
Package ID Setting Value sign Value Comment
type type range

P present S Only positive values [0.00, 9.99] Slope can only be positive

P present I Positive and negative [-9.99, 9.99] Intercept may be negative


values

A present S Only positive values [0.00, 9.99] Slope can only be positive

A present I Positive and negative [-9.99, 9.99] Intercept may be negative


values

A present L Only positive values [0.00, Limit-of-detection can only be


99.99] positive

S omitted L Only positive values [0.00, Limit-of-detection can only be


99.99] positive

Any other combination will cause the instrument to send a rejection response. The
table below shows some examples of responses that can be sent:
Response Comment

S: 15:35:10 17-09-2018, 20726: Changed Fat slope = Changing slope, intercept or limit-of-detection
1.000000 (old 1.010000), intercept = 0.020000 (old setting is logged in the service log, so an “S” line
0.020000) is sent.
Ok: Setting changed After that a confirmation is sent.

Error: Not remote controlled The instrument is not remote controlled

Error: Unknown package type Package type must be “P”, “A” or “S”

Error: Unknown setting type Setting type must be “S”, “I” or “L”

Error: Expected ',' after '12' in line "A,P,123,S,1.0" Id must be in range [1, 99]

Error: Parameter cannot have LOD value in line Parameter package can only have setting types
"A,P,1,L,0.0" “I” and “S”

Error: ASM package can only have LOD value in line ASM package can only have setting type “L”
"A,S,I,0.0"

Error: Unrecognized ID: 4 No parameter or adulterant with specified ID


was found

Error: Negative value not allowed in line "A,P,2,S,- Slope cannot have negative value
0.5"

Error: Value outside range [-9.99, 9.99] in line Intercept must be in range [-9.99, 9.99]
"A,A,7,I,11.5"

Error: Unrecognized setting type '2' in line Id is not allowed for abnormal spectrum package
"A,S,2,L,2.0"

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6 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting


6.1 Diagnostics
General
For trouble service purposes, the following log files are available:
Service Log and Trace File.

6.1.1 Service Log


The Service Log holds information on the instrument serial number, the license
key, the Parameter Package and also various data from the start up of the
instrument.
In future versions of embedded software, errors happening during measurement
will be entered in the log.
The Service Log is saved on the SD card by opening the Service Menu and scroll
to Save Service Log – Ok – Ok.

Fig. 139

6.1.2 Trace Log


The Trace log holds information about many the software events in the control of
the instrument.
The data is not directly of use for the Service Engineer, however in certain trouble
shooting cases it may help the software people at FOSS identify a problem. In such
cases you will be asked to make a copy of the log and mail it.

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The Trace Log is saved on the SD card by opening the Debug Menu and scroll to
Trace File; Set Trace File to On and push Return.

Fig. 140

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6.2 Error / Warning Messages


General
The following is a list of all error and warning messages that the instrument can
display.
The list is in alphabetic order.
Error/Warning Message Cause and Possible Hint

A fatal error has occurred. A fatal internal software error has occurred and the
Please restart instrument cannot be operated before power has been
switched off and switched on again. If an SD-card is
inserted into the instrument before power is switched
on, a file named “ASSERT.nnn” may contain a hint to
the cause of the error. The file is stored in a directory
named after the serial number of the instrument. Note:
There may be more “ASSERT.nnn” files, in which case
the most recent has the highest nnn number.

Air in cuvette, Please clean Can occur during the cuvette test step in the start-up
test. This step requires that there is liquid in the
cuvette. Cleaning will often remove any small air
bubbles in the cuvette

Air in cuvette, Please retry Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. Is
caused by excessive air in the cuvette. In this case there
is so much air in the cuvette that the interferometer
cannot produce a valid scan. Cleaning will often
remove any air in the cuvette

Air in sample, Please retry Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. Is
caused by small amounts of air in the cuvette. In this
case the interferometer can produce a valid scan, but
subsequent calculations detect air. Cleaning will often
remove any small air bubbles in the cuvette. Note that
zero-liquid should be boiled water, with very few air
bubbles.

Bad ASM model on SD The instrument cannot read the Abnormal Spectrum
card prediction model from the PMC file on the SD-card.
The most likely cause is that the PMC file is corrupted
in some way. Try to use a known good PMC file.

Bad pred. model on SD The instrument cannot read the a parameter or


card adulterant prediction model from the PMC file on the
SD-card. The most likely cause is that the PMC file is
corrupted in some way. Try to use a known good PMC
file.

Bad sample, clean A measurement detected a bad milk sample, possibly


required sour milk or a clogged cuvette. Cleaning may help.

Calculation error An internal error occurred during the calculation of


results. Please contact an IndiFOSS service
representative.

Could not load models Can occur in the Load Newest or Load Selected
prediction model menu item. The instrument could not
store the newest or selected prediction model
packages in the internal file system. Please contact an
IndiFOSS service representative.

Could not read license key Can occur in the Read License Key menu item. The
file instrument cannot read the license key file on the SD-
card. The file may be corrupted.

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Error/Warning Message Cause and Possible Hint

Current temporary license Can occur in the Enter or Read License Key menu item.
has nnn remaining If a new temporary license is entered or read, and the
samples. Overwrite? existing temporary license still allows samples to be
measured, this warning is issued.

Cuvette dirty, Please soak The instrument suspects that dirt is building up in the
cuvette and recommends a soak cleaning

Cuvette wear. Contact Can occur during zero-setting. Indicates that the
service cuvette is worn and measurements may become
imprecise. Please contact an IndiFOSS service
representative.

Descaling cancelled with Occurs if the descaling procedure is cancelled after


acid in cuvette, please acidd has been sucked into the flow system and
remember to clean cuvette

Descaling interrupted with Occurs when the instrument is switched on, if a


acid in cuvette! Please descaling procedure was interrupted by a power
insert cleaning liquid failure while acid was in the cuvette or flow system.

Descaling required The time passed since the previous descaling has
exceeded the time limit.

Excessive vibrations Can occur during the interferometer test step in the
start-up test. The interferometer cannot maintain a
constant velocity in the linear motor. The instrument is
probably subject to vibrations or shocks. Place the
instrument in a quiet environment.

Incorrect password Shown in the password entry screens: Administrator,


service and debug menu passwords

Instrument has invalid Shown at instrument start up if the instrument’s serial


serial number number has either not been set or if it has been
changed in an unauthorized way.
Please contact an IndiFOSS service representative.

Interferometer error Can occur during the interferometer test step in the
start-up test. This error indicates that interferometer’s
laser detector is receiving a signal that is too weak. The
cause may be that the detector is not aligned properly.
Contact an IndiFOSS service representative.
This error can also occur during zero-setting. In this
case the error indicates that the spectrum of the zero-
liquid is tilted, again indicating that the
interferometer’s optical components are not properly
aligned. Please contact an IndiFOSS service
representative.

Interferometer not ready Can occur during measurement and zero-setting.

Invalid date & time Indicates that an invalid data and time was entered in
the Date & time setup screen

Invalid license key Can occur in the Enter License Key and Read License
Key screens. The error indicates that the license key
entered or read does not match the serial number of
the instrument. Please contact the indiFOSS license
issuer.

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Error/Warning Message Cause and Possible Hint

Invalid model file on SD- Shown in the View Prediction Model screen or in the
card Load Newest or Load Selected prediction model menu
item. The PMC file on the SD-card has a wrong format.
The most likely cause is that the PMC file is corrupted
in some way. Try to use a known good PMC file.

Invalid scan settings Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. It


indicates an error in the software and should not
occur. Please contact an IndiFOSS service
representative.

License key file is empty Can occur in the Read License Key menu item. The
instrument finds the license key file on the SD-card, but
the file is empty.

License key has wrong Can occur in the Read License Key menu item. The
format instrument finds the license key file on the SD-card, but
it contains characters that are not allowed in a license
key.

Limit of detection values Can occur in the Load Newest or Load Selected
have been modified. prediction model menu item. If the user has changed
Overwrite? the factory default values for level-of-detection, these
values will be overwritten, when prediction model
packages are loaded.

Measure error, Please retry Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. The
interferometer actually scans the sample 8 times
(subscans) and attempts to calculate a mean scan. If
two or more subscans are very different in shape, the
interferometer cannot calculate a mean scan. This error
is rare, but may occur when the consistency of the milk
varies a lot. It usually helps to measure again.

Measure failed, please The prediciton calculation cannot find the CO2 peak in
clean the milk spectrum. Cleaning may help.

Measure timeout, please Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. The
retry interferometer actually scans the sample 8 times
(subscans) and attempts to calculate a mean scan. If for
various reasons the interferometer is disturbed and has
to discard some subscans, it may not have enough time
to capture all eight subscans. Vibrations may for
example disturb the interferometer. It usually helps to
try again.

Milk in cuvette, please The cuvette has been filled with milk for too long
clean (clean-after-measureemnt time has been exceeded).
Cleaning is required to avoid clogging the flow system
and the cuvette

Model file on SD-card not Shown in the View Prediction Model screen. The PMC
for MilkoScr. file on the SD-card is not for the IndiFOSS MilkoScreen
instrument.

Model file on SD-card too Shown in the View Prediction Model screen. The PMC
small file on the SD-card is not the expected size. The most
likely cause is that the PMC file is corrupted in some
way. Try to use a known good PMC file.

Moving piston to top Occurs when leaving the Pump & valves service screen

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Error/Warning Message Cause and Possible Hint

No license key on SD-card Can occur in the Read License Key menu item. The
instrument cannot find the license key file on the SD-
card. Note that the instrument looks for a file named
after the serial number of the instrument with the
extension “txt”, e.g. “91701234.txt” in the root
directory of the SD-card.

No model file on SD-card Shown in the View Prediction Model screen. The
instrument cannot find the file “Safir.PMC” in the root
directory of the SD-card

No prediction models Can occur when instrument starts up: It means that no
prediction model packages have been loaded into the
instrument (from the PMC file on the SD-card). The
error should not normally occur, because at least
prediction model for fat and SNF will have been loaded
at the factory. But if a factory reset has been
performed, the loaded prediction model packages will
have been deleted. Use the Load Newest or Load
Selected menu items in the Prediction Model menu to
reload prediction models.

No SD-card Occurs in many situations where the instrument


expects an SD-card, either because it needs to read a
particular file (e.g. a license key) or because it needs to
store a file (e.g. a service log)

No zero setting, please Can occur when instrument starts up, if no zero-setting
zero-set has ever been performed (and the instrument has
recently been cleaned)

No zero setting, pls clean Can occur when instrument starts up, if no zero-setting
first has ever been performed (and the instrument has not
been cleaned recently)

Please clean filter stick Reminder to clean the inline filter stick in the flow
manifold before performing a soak cleaning or a
descaling

Please clean first Can occur when attempting zero-setting if the


instrument has measured sample since the most recent
cleaning operation

Please clean soon Can occur when attempting to measure, if the number
of samples measured since the most recent cleaning
operation exceeds the cleaning interval limit set in the
Service menu. It is just a warning which disappears
after three seconds.

Please use zero liquid Will always occur, when attempting to zero-set. Just a
reminder to use zero-setting liquid.

Remote controlled Occurs only in special instrument configurations, where


the instrument is being remote controlled from e.g. an
external computer. Indicates that the user should not
operate the instrument using the buttons.

Remove all license keys? Occurs in the Enter License Key screen if an empty
license key has been entered. It is a warning that both
temporary and permanent license key will be deleted if
OK is pressed.

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Error/Warning Message Cause and Possible Hint

SD-card write protected Can occur at any time where the instrument tries to
write a file to the SD-card. E.g. when attempting to
save the service log onto the SD-card. Unprotect the
SD-card.

Soaking required The time passed since the previous soak cleaning has
exceeded the time limit.

Software update failed, Can occur at the end of a software update operation, if
error: something failed during the software update.
Can also occur when the instrument starts up, if a
software update failed before the instrument was
switched off.
Please contact an IndiFOSS service representative.

Temporary license expired Can occur during measurement and zero-setting if a


temporary license is active. When the last sample
allowed by the tev
mporary license has been measured, and the next
sample is about to be measured, this warning appears
for three seconds. At the same time the number of
remaining temporary license samples in the top of the
result screen will disappear.

Temporary license key Can occur in the Enter License Key and Read License
expired Key screens if the temporary license key that is entered
or read is old (has previously been used) or has no
remaining samples left. Please obtain a new temporary
license from IndiFOSS.

Too many scan retries Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. The
interferometer actually scans the sample 8 times
(subscans) and attempts to calculate a mean scan. If for
various reasons the interferometer is disturbed and has
to discard some subscans, it may exceed the limit on
the number of subscan attempts. Vibrations may for
example disturb the interferometer. It usually helps to
try again.

Too small model file on Can occur in the Load Newest or Load Selected
SD-card prediction model menu item. The PMC file on the SD-
card is not the expected size. The most likely cause is
that the PMC file is corrupted in some way. Try to use a
known good PMC file.

Unknown error, Please Can occur during measurement and zero-setting. An


retry unrecognized error occurred in the interferometer. If
problem persists, please contact an IndiFOSS service
representative.

Version of model file on Shown in the View Prediction Model screen. The PMC
SD-card not supp. file on the SD-card has a version number not supported
by the instrument’s software. This error should not
normally occur, and probably caused by an old version
of the PMC file. Use the newest available PMC file.

Waiting for PC to Can occur at instrument start-up, in special instrument


complete update configurations, where the instrument’s software is
being updated from an external computer. Please
contact an IndiFOSS service representative.

Wrong model file on SD- Can occur in the Load Newest or Load Selected
card prediction model menu item. The PMC file on the SD-
card is not for the IndiFOSS MilkoScreen instrument.

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 6:7


MilkoScreen™

Error/Warning Message Cause and Possible Hint

Wrong version on SD-card Can occur in the Load Newest or Load Selected
prediction model menu item. The PMC file on the SD-
card has a version number not supported by the
instrument’s software. This error should not normally
occur, and probably caused by an old version of the
PMC file. Use the newest available PMC file.

Zero failed, Please clean The zero setting failed. This can be due to a dirty flow
system or instrument drift. Clean or soak the
instrument according to the instruction and perform a
new zero setting.

Zero failed, Please soak The zero setting failed for the second time. This can be
due to a dirty flow system or instrument drift. Soak
clean the instrument according to the instruction and
perform a new zero setting.

Zero failed, Contact The zero setting failed for the third time. Please
service contact your IndiFoss service representative.

Zero setting not Can occur during measurement, if no zero-setting was


performed successfully performed before the measurement.
Should not normally occur, because the user will
usually be required to zero-set the instrument before a
measurement can be performed.

Zero setting required The difference between the temperature of the sample
and the temperature of the most recent zero setting
exceeds the temperature drift limit. A new zero setting
is required

Zero too old, please zero- Can occur when instrument starts up or when a
set measurement is attempted, if the previous zero-setting
is older than the zero-setting age limit set up in the
Service menu.

Zero too old, pls clean first Can occur when instrument starts up and the previous
zero-setting is older than the zero-setting age limit set
up in the Service menu and samples have been
measured since the most recent cleaning operation

6.3 General Troubleshooting


To be completed later.
Fault Probable Cause Action

6:8 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

7 Schematics
7.1 Interconnection Diagrams

Detector

IFU

Valve V1 Valve V2 Motor


Display

Fig. 141

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5 7:1


MilkoScreen™

Fig. 142

7:2 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev. 5


MilkoScreen™

8 Technical Specifications
8.1 Legal Data
The equipment is CE labelled and complies with the following directives:
• ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive 2014/30/EU
• Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU
• RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU)
• Packaging and packaging waste Directive 94/62/EC
• WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU
• REACH Directive 1907/2006/EC

8.2 Performance Data


Voltage 12 V DC (range 10.5 – 13.5 V)

Power consumption <20 W

Water supply Not required

Drain Bin for waste liquid

Altitude Up to 2000 m

Temperature 5 – 40 °C

Relative humidity <93 % RH

Pollution degree Pollution degree 2

Protection class IP 41

Speed 45 seconds / sample

Capacity per day 400 samples

Sample volume <5 ml

Warm-up time Max. 30 min.

8.3 Technical Data


Dimensions (W x D x H) 252 x 194 x 207 mm

Weight 4.1 kg

Mains supply 100-240 V (50-60 Hz)

8.4 PC Requirements
• Serial port.
• SD Card Reader

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev.5 8:1


MilkoScreen™

8:2 Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev.5


MilkoScreen™

9 Document References
• 6005 8193 Spare Parts Manual - MilkoScreen™
• 6005 8191 User Manual - MilkoScreen™
• 6005 8197 Quick Guide - MilkoScreen™
• AN0080 and AN0081 Raw Milk Calibrations - MilkoScreen™

Service Manual 6005 8194 / Rev.5 9:1

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